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</div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Thomas Stewart Traill</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Thomas_Stewart_Traill._Lithograph._Wellcome_V0005885.jpg/220px-Thomas_Stewart_Traill._Lithograph._Wellcome_V0005885.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Thomas_Stewart_Traill._Lithograph._Wellcome_V0005885.jpg/330px-Thomas_Stewart_Traill._Lithograph._Wellcome_V0005885.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Thomas_Stewart_Traill._Lithograph._Wellcome_V0005885.jpg/440px-Thomas_Stewart_Traill._Lithograph._Wellcome_V0005885.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1952" data-file-height="2281" /></a><figcaption>Thomas Stewart Traill</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Albyn_Place_1-11,_Edinburgh.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Albyn_Place_1-11%2C_Edinburgh.JPG/330px-Albyn_Place_1-11%2C_Edinburgh.JPG" decoding="async" width="330" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Albyn_Place_1-11%2C_Edinburgh.JPG/495px-Albyn_Place_1-11%2C_Edinburgh.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Albyn_Place_1-11%2C_Edinburgh.JPG/660px-Albyn_Place_1-11%2C_Edinburgh.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Albyn Place, Edinburgh</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_grave_of_Thomas_Stewart_Traill,_St_Cuthbert%27s_churchyard,_Edinburgh.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/The_grave_of_Thomas_Stewart_Traill%2C_St_Cuthbert%27s_churchyard%2C_Edinburgh.JPG/330px-The_grave_of_Thomas_Stewart_Traill%2C_St_Cuthbert%27s_churchyard%2C_Edinburgh.JPG" decoding="async" width="330" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/The_grave_of_Thomas_Stewart_Traill%2C_St_Cuthbert%27s_churchyard%2C_Edinburgh.JPG/495px-The_grave_of_Thomas_Stewart_Traill%2C_St_Cuthbert%27s_churchyard%2C_Edinburgh.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/The_grave_of_Thomas_Stewart_Traill%2C_St_Cuthbert%27s_churchyard%2C_Edinburgh.JPG/660px-The_grave_of_Thomas_Stewart_Traill%2C_St_Cuthbert%27s_churchyard%2C_Edinburgh.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3088" data-file-height="2056" /></a><figcaption>The grave of Thomas Stewart Traill, St Cuthbert's churchyard, Edinburgh</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Thomas Stewart Traill</b> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society_of_Edinburgh" class="mw-redirect" title="Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh">FRSE</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Royal_College_of_Physicians_of_Edinburgh" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh">PRCPE</a> <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Wernerian_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of the Wernerian Society">MWS</a> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Scottish_Society_of_Arts" title="Royal Scottish Society of Arts">RSSA</a></span> (29 October 1781 – 30 July 1862) was a British <a href="/wiki/Physician" title="Physician">physician</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chemist" title="Chemist">chemist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meteorologist" title="Meteorologist">meteorologist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zoology" title="Zoology">zoologist</a> and scholar of <a href="/wiki/Medical_jurisprudence" title="Medical jurisprudence">medical jurisprudence</a>. He was the grandfather of the physicist, meteorologist and geologist <a href="/wiki/Robert_Traill_Omond" title="Robert Traill Omond">Robert Traill Omond</a> <a href="/wiki/FRSE" class="mw-redirect" title="FRSE">FRSE</a> (1858-1914). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Stewart_Traill&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Traill was born at <a href="/wiki/Kirkwall" title="Kirkwall">Kirkwall</a> in Orkney, the son of the Rev Thomas Traill (died 1782), the minister in Kirkwall, and his wife Lucia.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His father died the year after he was born.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He studied medicine at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">University of Edinburgh</a> under <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Monro_(tertius)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Monro (tertius)">Dr Alexander Monro</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> gaining his doctorate (MD) in 1802.<sup id="cite_ref-Waterston_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Waterston-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was elected a Fellow of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society_of_Edinburgh" title="Royal Society of Edinburgh">Royal Society of Edinburgh</a> in 1819. His proposers were <a href="/wiki/Robert_Jameson" title="Robert Jameson">Robert Jameson</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Murray,_Lord_Murray" title="John Murray, Lord Murray">John Murray, Lord Murray</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Charles_Hope" title="Thomas Charles Hope">Thomas Charles Hope</a>. He was Curator of the Society's museum from 1834 to 1856.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He practised medicine for 30 years in <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a>, and was a founder of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Institution_of_Liverpool" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Institution of Liverpool">Royal Institution of Liverpool</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Liverpool_Mechanics%27_Institution" class="mw-redirect" title="Liverpool Mechanics' Institution">Liverpool Mechanics' Institution</a> and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Literary_and_Philosophical_Society_of_Liverpool&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literary and Philosophical Society of Liverpool (page does not exist)">Literary and Philosophical Society of Liverpool</a>. He became acquainted with the Arctic explorer <a href="/wiki/William_Scoresby" title="William Scoresby">William Scoresby</a>, contributing a list of animals observed in eastern <a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a> to Scoresby's <i>Journal of a Voyage to the Northern Whale Fishery</i> (1823). Scoresby named <a href="/wiki/Traill_Island" title="Traill Island">Traill Island</a> in Greenland for him. Mount Traill in <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> was named after him by <a href="/wiki/William_Balfour_Baikie" title="William Balfour Baikie">William Balfour Baikie</a>. </p><p>In 1812 he first suggested creation of a <a href="/wiki/Liverpool_Royal_Institution" title="Liverpool Royal Institution">Royal Society of Liverpool</a> which eventually came to fruition in 1821. </p><p>When <a href="/wiki/John_James_Audubon" title="John James Audubon">John James Audubon</a> arrived in Liverpool in July 1826 Traill helped him to find a publisher for his <i>The Birds of America</i>. Audubon named the <a href="/wiki/Traill%27s_flycatcher" title="Traill's flycatcher">Traill's flycatcher</a> after him, which at one time referred to a species which included both the <a href="/wiki/Willow_flycatcher" title="Willow flycatcher">willow flycatcher</a> (<i>Empidonax traillii</i>) and the <a href="/wiki/Alder_flycatcher" title="Alder flycatcher">alder flycatcher</a> (<i>Empidonax alnorum</i>). </p><p>Always interested in railways, in October 1829 he and his family attended the famous <a href="/wiki/Rainhill_trials" title="Rainhill trials">Rainhill trials</a> and saw first hand Stephenson's "Rocket" win the competition. During this trial he, his wife and two daughters were invited as passengers in a rival engine, the "Novelty" built by <a href="/wiki/John_Braithwaite_(engineer)" title="John Braithwaite (engineer)">Braithwaite</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Ericsson" title="John Ericsson">Ericsson</a>, one of the runners-up in the trials. This makes them possibly the first passengers on a steam train.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="University_of_Edinburgh_and_the_Encyclopædia_Britannica"><span id="University_of_Edinburgh_and_the_Encyclop.C3.A6dia_Britannica"></span>University of Edinburgh and the Encyclopædia Britannica</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Stewart_Traill&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: University of Edinburgh and the Encyclopædia Britannica"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Traill returned to the University of Edinburgh in 1832 as a professor of medical jurisprudence, and served in this role until death, also serving as President of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_College_of_Physicians_of_Edinburgh" title="Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh">Royal College of Physicians in Edinburgh</a> 1852 to 1854.<sup id="cite_ref-Waterston_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Waterston-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1833 he was elected a member of the <a href="/wiki/Aesculapian_Club" title="Aesculapian Club">Aesculapian Club</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1837 Traill was elected a member of the <a href="/wiki/Harveian_Society_of_Edinburgh" title="Harveian Society of Edinburgh">Harveian Society of Edinburgh</a> and served as president in 1842.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1847 he replaced <a href="/wiki/Macvey_Napier" title="Macvey Napier">Macvey Napier</a> as main Editor of the <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (1852–61) and was creator of its 8th edition: works concluding a year before his death. </p><p>He was a keen (but unsuccessful) supporter of women attending the university. </p><p>He was President of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Scottish_Society_of_the_Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Scottish Society of the Arts">Royal Scottish Society of the Arts</a> 1843–44.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1840 he was living at 10 Albyn Place in Edinburgh's <a href="/wiki/Moray_Estate" title="Moray Estate">Moray Estate</a> close to <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Square" title="Charlotte Square">Charlotte Square</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He died at his final home, 29 Rutland Square<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in Edinburgh's West End on 30 July 1862, and was interred at <a href="/wiki/St_Cuthbert%27s_cemetery" class="mw-redirect" title="St Cuthbert's cemetery">St Cuthbert's cemetery</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Waterston_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Waterston-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The grave contains members of both the Omond family and Traill family and stands against an outer eastern wall of the southern section, under the shadows of <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Castle" title="Edinburgh Castle">Edinburgh Castle</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Stewart_Traill&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In July 1811 he was married to Christian Robertson (1780-1842), daughter of Rev Harry Robertson of Kiltearn, Ross-shire<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the widow of James Watson of Crantit, an Orkney factor for Lord Dundas. She had married James Watson aged 19 and had five children by him by age 28 when he died, the youngest being born after his father's death.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She had a further five children with Traill, two sons and three daughters.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Their daughter Mary Eliza Traill married <a href="/wiki/Robert_Omond" title="Robert Omond">Robert Omond</a>. Their children included <a href="/wiki/Robert_Traill_Omond" title="Robert Traill Omond">Robert Traill Omond</a>. </p><p>Thomas appears to have been cousin or second cousin to Rev <a href="/wiki/Robert_Traill_(clergyman)" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Traill (clergyman)">Robert Traill</a> (and shows a strong family resemblance). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Stewart_Traill&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Thermometer and Pyrometer</i> (1828)</li> <li><i>The Medico-Legal Examination of Dead Bodies</i> (1839) a standard textbook on postmortems co-written with <a href="/wiki/Robert_Christison" title="Robert Christison">Robert Christison</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_Syme" title="James Syme">James Syme</a>.</li> <li><i>The Edinburgh Pharmacopoeia</i> (12th Edition - 1841)</li> <li><i>Memoir of <a href="/wiki/William_Roscoe" title="William Roscoe">William Roscoe</a></i> (1853)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Artistic_recognition">Artistic recognition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Stewart_Traill&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Artistic recognition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>His portrait by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexander_Mosses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexander Mosses (page does not exist)">Alexander Mosses</a> is held by the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Portrait_Gallery" title="Scottish National Portrait Gallery">Scottish National Portrait Gallery</a> in <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a> but rarely displayed.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Stewart_Traill&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Taxa_named_by_Thomas_Stewart_Traill" title="Category:Taxa named by Thomas Stewart Traill">Category:Taxa named by Thomas Stewart Traill</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Stewart_Traill&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFTraill1883" class="citation book cs1">Traill, William (1883). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/agenealogicalac00unkngoog/page/n30"><i>A Genealogical Account of the Traills of Orkney, with a Pedigree Table ...</i></a> Kirkwall, Orkney: J. Calder. pp. xiv<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Genealogical+Account+of+the+Traills+of+Orkney%2C+with+a+Pedigree+Table+...&rft.place=Kirkwall%2C+Orkney&rft.pages=xiv&rft.pub=J.+Calder&rft.date=1883&rft.aulast=Traill&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fagenealogicalac00unkngoog%2Fpage%2Fn30&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+Stewart+Traill" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aboutorkney.com/biography/thomas-stewart-traill/">"Thomas Stewart Traill"</a>. <i>Orkney Tour designed for you by an Orcadian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Orkney+Tour+designed+for+you+by+an+Orcadian&rft.atitle=Thomas+Stewart+Traill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aboutorkney.com%2Fbiography%2Fthomas-stewart-traill%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+Stewart+Traill" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kay's Originals vol.2 p.452</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Waterston-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Waterston_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Waterston_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Waterston_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaterstonMacmillan_Shearer2006" class="citation book cs1">Waterston, Charles D.; Macmillan Shearer, A (July 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061004113303/http://www.rse.org.uk/fellowship/fells_indexp2.pdf"><i>Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783-2002: Biographical Index</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Vol. II. Edinburgh: <a href="/wiki/The_Royal_Society_of_Edinburgh" class="mw-redirect" title="The Royal Society of Edinburgh">The Royal Society of Edinburgh</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-902198-84-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-902198-84-5"><bdi>978-0-902198-84-5</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rse.org.uk/fellowship/fells_indexp2.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 4 October 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 March</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Former+Fellows+of+the+Royal+Society+of+Edinburgh+1783-2002%3A+Biographical+Index&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.pub=The+Royal+Society+of+Edinburgh&rft.date=2006-07&rft.isbn=978-0-902198-84-5&rft.aulast=Waterston&rft.aufirst=Charles+D.&rft.au=Macmillan+Shearer%2C+A&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rse.org.uk%2Ffellowship%2Ffells_indexp2.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+Stewart+Traill" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp2.pdf"><i>Biographical Index of Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783–2002</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. The Royal Society of Edinburgh. July 2006. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-902-198-84-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-902-198-84-X"><bdi>0-902-198-84-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biographical+Index+of+Former+Fellows+of+the+Royal+Society+of+Edinburgh+1783%E2%80%932002&rft.pub=The+Royal+Society+of+Edinburgh&rft.date=2006-07&rft.isbn=0-902-198-84-X&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.royalsoced.org.uk%2Fcms%2Ffiles%2Ffellows%2Fbiographical_index%2Ffells_indexp2.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+Stewart+Traill" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.rcpe.ac.uk/calmView/Record.aspx?src=CalmView.Catalog&id=DEP%2fAEC%2f1&pos=2"><i>Minute Books of the Aesculapian Club</i></a>. Library of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Minute+Books+of+the+Aesculapian+Club&rft.place=Library+of+the+Royal+College+of+Physicians+of+Edinburgh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.rcpe.ac.uk%2FcalmView%2FRecord.aspx%3Fsrc%3DCalmView.Catalog%26id%3DDEP%252fAEC%252f1%26pos%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+Stewart+Traill" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatson_Wemyss1933" class="citation book cs1">Watson Wemyss, Herbert Lindesay (1933). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wellcomecollection.org/works/ww4e59xv"><i>A Record of the Edinburgh Harveian Society</i></a>. T&A Constable, Edinburgh.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Record+of+the+Edinburgh+Harveian+Society&rft.pub=T%26A+Constable%2C+Edinburgh&rft.date=1933&rft.aulast=Watson+Wemyss&rft.aufirst=Herbert+Lindesay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwellcomecollection.org%2Fworks%2Fww4e59xv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+Stewart+Traill" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rssa.org.uk/history/past-presidents.shtml">"RSSA: History: Past Presidents"</a>. <i>rssa.org.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rssa.org.uk&rft.atitle=RSSA%3A+History%3A+Past+Presidents&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rssa.org.uk%2Fhistory%2Fpast-presidents.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+Stewart+Traill" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edinburgh Post Office Directory 1840</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edinburgh Post Office Directory 1862</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ewing, William <i>Annals of the Free Church</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/fastiecclesiaesc00scot/fastiecclesiaesc00scot_djvu.txt">"Full text of "Fasti ecclesiae scoticanae : the succession of ministers in the Church of Scotland from the reformation"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Full+text+of+%22Fasti+ecclesiae+scoticanae+%3A+the+succession+of+ministers+in+the+Church+of+Scotland+from+the+reformation%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Ffastiecclesiaesc00scot%2Ffastiecclesiaesc00scot_djvu.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+Stewart+Traill" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-27662">"Traill, Thomas Stewart (1781–1862), physician and specialist in medical jurisprudence"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F27662">10.1093/ref:odnb/27662</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-861412-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-861412-8"><bdi>978-0-19-861412-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Traill%2C+Thomas+Stewart+%281781%E2%80%931862%29%2C+physician+and+specialist+in+medical+jurisprudence&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F27662&rft.isbn=978-0-19-861412-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddnb.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F9780198614128.001.0001%2Fodnb-9780198614128-e-27662&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+Stewart+Traill" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalgalleries.org/art-and-artists/4012/thomas-stewart-traill-1781-1862-professor-medical-jurisprudence-edinburgh-university">"Thomas Stewart Traill, 1781 - 1862. Professor of medical jurisprudence at Edinburgh University"</a>. <i>National Galleries of Scotland</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Galleries+of+Scotland&rft.atitle=Thomas+Stewart+Traill%2C+1781+-+1862.+Professor+of+medical+jurisprudence+at+Edinburgh+University&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalgalleries.org%2Fart-and-artists%2F4012%2Fthomas-stewart-traill-1781-1862-professor-medical-jurisprudence-edinburgh-university&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+Stewart+Traill" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Stewart_Traill&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Audubon to Xánthus</i>, Barbara and Richard Mearns <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-12-487423-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-12-487423-1">0-12-487423-1</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Stewart_Traill&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikisource logo"><img alt="Wikisource logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> Works by or about <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Thomas_Stewart_Traill" class="extiw" title="s:Author:Thomas Stewart Traill">Thomas Stewart Traill</a> at <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/authors/OL2454706A">Works by Thomas Stewart Traill</a> at <a href="/wiki/Open_Library" title="Open Library">Open Library</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/117634522">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n88088854">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=222909">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007381454705171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span 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