CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="dag" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Musulunsi - Dagbani Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )dagwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy" ,"wgMonthNames":["","Silimin gɔli January","Silimin gɔli February","Silimin gɔli March","Silimin gɔli April","Silimin gɔli May","Silimin gɔli June","Silimin gɔli July","Silimin gɔli August","Silimin gɔli September","Silimin gɔli October","Silimin gɔli November","Silimin gɔli December"],"wgRequestId":"16512144-cfe8-4259-8c8c-fe77c0c10d67","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Musulunsi","wgTitle":"Musulunsi","wgCurRevisionId":92555,"wgRevisionId":92555,"wgArticleId":9069,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Peejinima din kundivira bi viɛla","CS1 English-language sources (en)","Webarchive template wayback links","CS1 Turkish-language sources (tr)","CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list","CS1 Malay-language sources (ms)","Pages using PMID magic links","Pages with script errors","Articles containing Arabic-language text", "Articles with hAudio microformats","Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata","CS1 errors: S2CID","Articles with VIAF identifiers","Pages with authority control identifiers needing attention","Articles with BNE identifiers","Articles with BNF identifiers","Articles with BNFdata identifiers","Articles with GND identifiers","Articles with J9U identifiers","Articles with LCCN identifiers","Articles with LNB identifiers","Articles with NDL identifiers","Articles with NKC identifiers","Articles with PLWABN identifiers","Articles with VcBA identifiers","Articles with EMU identifiers","Articles with HDS identifiers","Articles with NARA identifiers","Articles with SUDOC identifiers","Articles with TDVİA identifiers","Islam","610 establishments","Abrahamic religions","Monotheistic religions","Religious organizations established in the 7th century","Musulunsi","Stubs","Pages with reference errors that trigger visual diffs"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"dag","wgPageContentLanguage":"dag", "wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Musulunsi","wgRelevantArticleId":9069,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"dag","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"dag"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":200000,"ScribuntoErrors":{"114f9d98":true},"ScribuntoErrors-114f9d98": "\u003Cp\u003ELua bi niŋ dede:bad argument #2 to 'title.new' (unrecognized namespace name 'Portal')\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EBacktrace:\u003C/p\u003E\u003Col class=\"scribunto-trace\"\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E[C]\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"newTitle\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Emw.title.lua:359\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"new\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//dag.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Module:Portal\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l154\"\u003EModule:Portal:154\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"checkPortals\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//dag.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Module:Portal_bar\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l45\"\u003EModule:Portal_bar:45\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(tail call)\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Emw.lua:527\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E[C]\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E" ,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q432","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","ext.tmh.player.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready", "ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.scribunto.errors","mediawiki.page.media","ext.tmh.player","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=dag&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.tmh.player.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=dag&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/Mosque.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="900"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/Mosque.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="600"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="480"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Musulunsi - Dagbani Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//dag.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musulunsi"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Maliniŋ" href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Dagbani Wikipedia (dag)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//dag.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musulunsi"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.dag"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Dagbani Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Di%C5%8B%27gahim:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Musulunsi rootpage-Musulunsi skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Yiɣi chaŋ yɛligu maŋamaŋa puuni</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Saati"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Yiŋa dundɔŋ ni" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Yiŋa dundɔŋ ni </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Yiŋa dundɔŋ ni</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">Taɣi chaŋ yaɣili ŋɔ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">Sɔɣima</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Goŋgili </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sol%C9%94%C9%A3u" title="Chami solɔɣu maa ni [z]" accesskey="z">Solɔɣu</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Mabiligu_dund%C9%94%C5%8B" title="Lahabali zaŋ kpa tuma ŋɔ palo,bo ka a ni tooi niŋ, luɣ'shɛli ani yan bo n nya bin yɛra">Mabiligu dundɔŋ</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pump%C9%94%C5%8B%C9%94_na_y%C9%9Bla" title="Bɔmi lahabali zaŋ jɛndi pumpoŋɔ tuma">Pumpɔŋɔ na yɛla</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:RecentChanges" title="Taɣiri shɛŋa din yoli niŋ kundu bayaani ŋɔ zuɣu [r]" accesskey="r">Din na yoli taɣi</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:Random" title="Sokam nu' yihibu [x]" accesskey="x">Gahim piigi yaɣili</a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="Luɣu shɛli a ni yɛn bɔhi n nya">Sɔŋsim</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Sol%C9%94%C9%A3u" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Dagbani Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-dag.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Vihimi Dagbani Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Vihima </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Vihimi Dagbani Wikipedia" aria-label="Vihimi Dagbani Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Vihimi Dagbani Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Diŋ'gahim:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Vihima</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Maŋa tuma kpatuɣa"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Yi palo"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Yi palo" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Yi palo </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=dag.wikipedia.org&uselang=dag" class="">Sɔŋma</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Di%C5%8B%27gahim:CreateAccount&returnto=Musulunsi" title="Di kpaŋsira ni a nam adaa akaunti ka yooi n-kpe; amaa, di pa talahi" class="">Yoomi akaunt</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Di%C5%8B%27gahim:UserLogin&returnto=Musulunsi" title="Di kpaŋsa ni a kpɛma a daa akawnti ni; amaa, di pa talahi [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Kpɛma</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Soya pam bɛni" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Maŋa tuma kpatuɣa" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Maŋa tuma kpatuɣa </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=dag.wikipedia.org&uselang=dag">Sɔŋma</a></li><li id="pt-contribute" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:Contribute"> Contribute</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Di%C5%8B%27gahim:CreateAccount&returnto=Musulunsi" title="Di kpaŋsira ni a nam adaa akaunti ka yooi n-kpe; amaa, di pa talahi"> Yoomi akaunt</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Di%C5%8B%27gahim:UserLogin&returnto=Musulunsi" title="Di kpaŋsa ni a kpɛma a daa akawnti ni; amaa, di pa talahi [o]" accesskey="o"> Kpɛma</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sabbu yaɣa zaŋ ti mali niŋ nima ban yi maliniŋ kpanjɔri ni <a href="/wiki/S%C9%94%C5%8Bsim:Piligu" aria-label="Bɔhima pam pahi zaŋ jɛndi maliniŋ">Bɔhima m-pahi</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n">Yɛtɔɣa</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Saati"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Yaɣa" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Yaɣa</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">Taɣi chaŋ yaɣili ŋɔ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">Sɔɣima</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Piligibu</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Bachi_maa_ni_pili_shɛm" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bachi_maa_ni_pili_shɛm"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Bachi maa ni pili shɛm </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bachi_maa_ni_pili_shɛm-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Articles_of_faith" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_of_faith"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Articles of faith </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Articles_of_faith-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toogili Articles of faith zaɣ' bihibihi pubu </button> <ul id="toc-Articles_of_faith-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-God" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#God"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 God </div> </a> <ul id="toc-God-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Malaikanima" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Malaikanima"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Malaikanima </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Malaikanima-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kundunima" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kundunima"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Kundunima </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kundunima-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anabinima" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anabinima"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Anabinima </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anabinima-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kum_ni_neebu_mini_sariya_karibu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kum_ni_neebu_mini_sariya_karibu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Kum ni neebu mini sariya karibu </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kum_ni_neebu_mini_sariya_karibu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Naawuni_ni_pun_zali_shɛŋa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Naawuni_ni_pun_zali_shɛŋa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6 Naawuni ni pun zali shɛŋa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Naawuni_ni_pun_zali_shɛŋa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taarihi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taarihi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Taarihi </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Taarihi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toogili Taarihi zaɣ' bihibihi pubu </button> <ul id="toc-Taarihi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Muhammad_and_the_beginning_of_Islam_(570–632)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Muhammad_and_the_beginning_of_Islam_(570–632)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Muhammad and the beginning of Islam (570–632) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Muhammad_and_the_beginning_of_Islam_(570–632)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_Islamic_period_(632–750)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_Islamic_period_(632–750)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Early Islamic period (632–750) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_Islamic_period_(632–750)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Classical_era_(750–1258)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classical_era_(750–1258)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Classical era (750–1258) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Classical_era_(750–1258)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pre-Modern_era_(1258–18th_century)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pre-Modern_era_(1258–18th_century)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Pre-Modern era (1258–18th century) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pre-Modern_era_(1258–18th_century)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_era_(18th–20th_centuries)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_era_(18th–20th_centuries)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Modern era (18th–20th centuries) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_era_(18th–20th_centuries)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contemporary_era_(20th_century–present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contemporary_era_(20th_century–present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Contemporary era (20th century–present) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contemporary_era_(20th_century–present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Demographics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Main_branches_or_denominations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Main_branches_or_denominations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Main branches or denominations </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Main_branches_or_denominations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toogili Main branches or denominations zaɣ' bihibihi pubu </button> <ul id="toc-Main_branches_or_denominations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sunni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sunni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Sunni </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sunni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Shia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Muhakkima" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Muhakkima"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Muhakkima </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Muhakkima-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_denominations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_denominations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Other denominations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_denominations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Law_and_jurisprudence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Law_and_jurisprudence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Law and jurisprudence </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Law_and_jurisprudence-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toogili Law and jurisprudence zaɣ' bihibihi pubu </button> <ul id="toc-Law_and_jurisprudence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Schools_of_jurisprudence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Schools_of_jurisprudence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Schools of jurisprudence </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Schools_of_jurisprudence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Society" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Society"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Society </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Society-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toogili Society zaɣ' bihibihi pubu </button> <ul id="toc-Society-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Daily_and_family_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Daily_and_family_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Daily and family life </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Daily_and_family_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arts_and_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts_and_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Arts and culture </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arts_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Malaika_nima" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Malaika_nima"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Malaika nima </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Malaika_nima-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mysticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mysticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Mysticism </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mysticism-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toogili Mysticism zaɣ' bihibihi pubu </button> <ul id="toc-Mysticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prayer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prayer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Prayer </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prayer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Almsgiving" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Almsgiving"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Almsgiving </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Almsgiving-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pilgrimage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pilgrimage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Pilgrimage </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pilgrimage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_acts_of_worship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_acts_of_worship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.4 Other acts of worship </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_acts_of_worship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Influences_on_other_religions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Influences_on_other_religions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Influences on other religions </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Influences_on_other_religions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toogili Influences on other religions zaɣ' bihibihi pubu </button> <ul id="toc-Influences_on_other_religions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Citations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Encyclopedias_and_dictionaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Encyclopedias_and_dictionaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.3 Encyclopedias and dictionaries </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Encyclopedias_and_dictionaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kundivihira" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kundivihira"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Kundivihira </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kundivihira-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Yaɣa" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Cham gili yaɣayaɣa ŋan be teebuli maa puuni" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Cham gili yaɣayaɣa ŋan be teebuli maa puuni </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Musulunsi</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Kpemi lahabali bali sheli ni. Din be 265 Bala" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-265" aria-hidden="true" > 265 zuliyanima </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89seulam" title="Éseulam – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Éseulam" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Acèh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислъам – Adyghe" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Ислъам" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adyghe" class="interlanguage-link-target">Адыгабзэ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A5%E1%88%B5%E1%88%8D%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%93" title="እስልምና – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="እስልምና" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allad%C5%8Dm" title="Alladōm – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Alladōm" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isilam" title="Isilam – Obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Isilam" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="Obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Obolo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE" title="इस्लाम – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="इस्लाम" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="الإسلام – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الإسلام" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%90%DC%A3%DC%A0%DC%90%DC%A1" title="ܐܣܠܐܡ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܣܠܐܡ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target">ܐܪܡܝܐ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="إسلام – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="إسلام" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="الاسلام – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الاسلام" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="ইছলাম – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ইছলাম" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислам – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target">Авар</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE" title="इस्लाम – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="इस्लाम" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">अवधी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0slam" title="İslam – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İslam" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="ایسلام – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایسلام" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислам – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agama_Islam" title="Agama Islam – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Agama Islam" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islams" title="Islams – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Islams" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Batak Toba</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bdr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bdr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – West Coast Bajau" lang="bdr" hreflang="bdr" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Bajau Sama" data-language-local-name="West Coast Bajau" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bajau Sama</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Іслам – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Іслам" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Іслам – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Іслам" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selam" title="Selam – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Selam" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Betawi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC" title="Ислям – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ислям" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE" title="इस्लाम – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="इस्लाम" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bislama</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Banjar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AD%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9C%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%82%8F%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%82%8F" title="အိစ်သာလမ်ဘာႏသာႏ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="အိစ်သာလမ်ဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target">ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silameya" title="Silameya – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Silameya" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bamanankan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="ইসলাম – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইসলাম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%96%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%86%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="དབྱི་སི་ལམ་ཆོས་ལུགས། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="དབྱི་སི་ལམ་ཆོས་ལུགས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target">Batak Mandailing</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selleng" title="Selleng – Buginese" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="Selleng" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="Buginese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Ugi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Лалын шажан – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Лалын шажан" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%AC-s%E1%B9%B3%CC%86-l%C3%A0ng-g%C3%A1u" title="Ĭ-sṳ̆-làng-gáu – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ĭ-sṳ̆-làng-gáu" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислам – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="ئیسلام – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئیسلام" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamu" title="Islamu – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Islamu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0sl%C3%A2m" title="İslâm – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="İslâm" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%C3%A1m" title="Islám – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Islám" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислам – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0slam" title="İslam – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="İslam" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dolnoserbski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kadazandusun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE" title="इस्लाम – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="इस्लाम" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target">डोटेली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%90%DE%B0%DE%8D%DE%A7%DE%89%DE%B0" title="އިސްލާމް – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="އިސްލާމް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CF%83%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%BC" title="Ισλάμ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ισλάμ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8C%C5%9Blam" title="Ìślam – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Ìślam" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamo" title="Islamo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Islamo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="اسلام – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اسلام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lislaamu" title="Lislaamu – Fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Lislaamu" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fulfulde</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhamediusk" title="Muhamediusk – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Muhamediusk" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Võro</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islame" title="Islame – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Islame" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islaam" title="Islaam – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Islaam" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioslam" title="Ioslam – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ioslam" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0slam" title="İslam – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="İslam" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagauz</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99" title="伊斯蘭教 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="伊斯蘭教" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target">贛語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kriyòl gwiyannen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioslam" title="Ioslam – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Ioslam" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="ايسلام – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="ايسلام" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">گیلکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%C3%A3" title="Islã – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Islã" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target">गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Hulontalo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8C%BB%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BC" title="𐌹𐍃𐌻𐌰𐌼 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌹𐍃𐌻𐌰𐌼" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target">𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%87%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B2%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AE" title="ઇસ્લામ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ઇસ્લામ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Islam" title="Yn Islam – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Islam" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musulunci" title="Musulunci – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Musulunci" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C3%AE-s%E1%B9%B3%CC%82-l%C3%A0n-kau" title="Yî-sṳ̂-làn-kau – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Yî-sṳ̂-làn-kau" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ho%CA%BBomana_Mohameka" title="Hoʻomana Mohameka – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Hoʻomana Mohameka" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%9D" title="אסלאם – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אסלאם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE" title="इस्लाम – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इस्लाम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hornjoserbsce</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamis" title="Islamis – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Islamis" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iszl%C3%A1m" title="Iszlám – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Iszlám" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%BD%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B4" title="Իսլամ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իսլամ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%BD%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Իսլամութիւն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Իսլամութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jaku Iban</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80lak%E1%BB%A5%CC%80ba" title="Àlakụ̀ba – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Àlakụ̀ba" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igbo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислам – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target">ГӀалгӀай</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamo" title="Islamo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Islamo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dslam" title="Íslam – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Íslam" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A0%E6%95%99" title="イスラム教 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イスラム教" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izlam" title="Izlam – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Izlam" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Patois</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/musyjda" title="musyjda – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="musyjda" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ისლამი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ისლამი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tineslemt" title="Tineslemt – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tineslemt" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислъам – Kabardian" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Ислъам" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Адыгэбзэ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iizilaam" title="Iizilaam – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Iizilaam" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khwikpaa%CC%B1pyia%CC%B1" title="Khwikpaa̱pyia̱ – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Khwikpaa̱pyia̱" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tyap</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kisilamu" title="Kisilamu – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Kisilamu" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kongo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kumoring</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислам – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Kalaallisut" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="Kalaallisut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kalaallisut</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A5%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9B%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6" title="ឥស្លាមសាសនា – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ឥស្លាមសាសនា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82_%E0%B2%A7%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE" title="ಇಸ್ಲಾಂ ಧರ್ಮ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಇಸ್ಲಾಂ ಧರ್ಮ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%AC%EB%9E%8C%EA%B5%90" title="이슬람교 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이슬람교" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислам – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Къарачай-малкъар</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%90%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="اِسلام – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="اِسلام" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target">कॉशुर / کٲشُر</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Eslam" title="Îslam – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Îslam" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислам – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religio_Islamica" title="Religio Islamica – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Religio Islamica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladino</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислам – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лакку</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислам – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лезги</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamiximo" title="Islamiximo – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Islamiximo" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamu" title="Islamu – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Islamu" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%9C%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A1" title="ສາສະໜາອິສະລາມ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ສາສະໜາອິສະລາມ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target">ລາວ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamas" title="Islamas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Islamas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%C4%81ms" title="Islāms – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Islāms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Madurese" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madurese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Madhurâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE" title="इस्लाम – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="इस्लाम" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Banyumasan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислам – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target">Мокшень</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silamo" title="Silamo – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Silamo" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ihirama" title="Ihirama – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Ihirama" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target">Minangkabau</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислам – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82" title="ഇസ്‌ലാം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇസ്‌ലാം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислам – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8F%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%9D_%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%8F%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%A1" title="ꯏꯁ꯭ꯂꯥꯝ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯏꯁ꯭ꯂꯥꯝ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%B1%E1%80%BF%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA" title="အေဿလာမ် – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="အေဿလာမ်" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target">ဘာသာမန်</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE" title="इस्लाम – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इस्लाम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C5%BClam" title="Iżlam – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Iżlam" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eislan" title="Eislan – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Eislan" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Mirandés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%85%E1%80%B9%E1%80%85%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC" title="အစ္စလာမ်ဘာသာ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အစ္စလာမ်ဘာသာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="ایسلام – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ایسلام" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nāhuatl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Napulitano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nedersaksies</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="इस्लाम धर्म – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="इस्लाम धर्म" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE" title="इस्लाम – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="इस्लाम" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islame" title="Islame – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Islame" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target">Novial</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%96%DF%98%DF%8D%DF%AC%DF%9E%DF%9F%DF%8F%DF%AC%DF%A6%DF%8A" title="ߖߘߍ߬ߞߟߏ߬ߦߊ – N’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߖߘߍ߬ߞߟߏ߬ߦߊ" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target">ߒߞߏ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nouormand</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="Nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chi-Chewa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islaamaa" title="Islaamaa – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Islaamaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oromoo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%87%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%B2%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%AE_%E0%AC%A7%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%AE" title="ଇସଲାମ ଧର୍ମ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଇସଲାମ ଧର୍ମ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Пысылмон дин – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Пысылмон дин" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE" title="ਇਸਲਾਮ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇਸਲਾਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Picard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcm mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Nigerian Pidgin" lang="pcm" hreflang="pcm" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Naijá" data-language-local-name="Nigerian Pidgin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Naijá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islaam" title="Islaam – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Islaam" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deitsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="इस्लाम धम्म – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="इस्लाम धम्म" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target">पालि</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islem" title="Islem – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Islem" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norfuk / Pitkern</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="اسلام – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اسلام" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="اسلام – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="اسلام" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamismo" title="Islamismo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Islamismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Rumantsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Romani čhib</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислам – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Іслам – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Іслам" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamu" title="Islamu – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Islamu" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ikinyarwanda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D-%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="इस्लाम्-मतम् – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="इस्लाम्-मतम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислаам – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Ислаам" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A2" title="ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="اسلام – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اسلام" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%C3%A1ma" title="Isláma – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Isláma" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lislam" title="Lislam – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Lislam" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taclḥit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%89%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A" title="ඉස්ලාම් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඉස්ලාම්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="اسلام – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="اسلام" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target">سرائیکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uyisalama" title="Uyisalama – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Uyisalama" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islaam" title="Islaam – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Islaam" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islami" title="Islami – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Islami" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислам – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uislamu" title="Uislamu – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uislamu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="இசுலாம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இசுலாம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%A7%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE" title="ಇಸ್ಲಾಮ್ ಧರ್ಮ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಇಸ್ಲಾಮ್ ಧರ್ಮ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">ತುಳು</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%82" title="ఇస్లాం మతం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఇస్లాం మతం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Ислом – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ислом" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1" title="ศาสนาอิสลาม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ศาสนาอิสลาม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%9D%E1%88%B5%E1%88%8D%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%93" title="ምስልምና – Tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ምስልምና" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target">ትግርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%C3%A4m" title="Isläm – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Isläm" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tolışi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tok Pisin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0slam" title="İslam – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İslam" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vusurumani" title="Vusurumani – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Vusurumani" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Xitsonga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислам – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ислам" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nkramosom" title="Nkramosom – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Nkramosom" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Twi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D9%89%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%AF%D9%89%D9%86%D9%89" title="ئىسلام دىنى – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئىسلام دىنى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Іслам – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Іслам" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="اسلام – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اسلام" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islom" title="Islom – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Islom" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o" title="Hồi giáo – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hồi giáo" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slam" title="Slam – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Slam" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lislaam" title="Lislaam – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Lislaam" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target">Wolof</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E6%95%99" title="回教 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="回教" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D1%88%D0%B0%D2%97%D0%BD" title="Лал шаҗн – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Лал шаҗн" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Хальмг</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ისლამი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ისლამი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%9D" title="איסלאם – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="איסלאם" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BA%B8%CC%80s%C3%ACn_Islam" title="Ẹ̀sìn Islam – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ẹ̀sìn Islam" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yihswhlanzgyau" title="Yihswhlanzgyau – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Yihswhlanzgyau" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vahcuengh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zeêuws</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E" title="ⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ – Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target">ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="伊斯兰教 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伊斯兰教" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E6%95%99" title="回教 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="回教" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99" title="伊斯蘭教 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="伊斯蘭教" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Islam" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q432#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Malimi bala din kpɛri tabini soya n niŋ" class="wbc-editpage">Malimi soya nim ŋɔ niŋ</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Yuli bɔna"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Musulunsi" title="Yoomi yɛl'kpana yaɣili maa [c]" accesskey="c">Yaɣili</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Y%C9%9Blt%C9%94%C9%A3a:Musulunsi&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Zambu zaŋkpa yɛl'kpani yaɣili maa (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani) [t]" accesskey="t">Yɛltɔɣili</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Taɣimi balli woliginsima" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >dagbanli </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Niriba nyabu"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Musulunsi">Karimma</a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit" title="Malimi yaɣili ŋɔ [v]" accesskey="v">Mali niŋ</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit" title="Nammi yaɣili ŋɔ nyabili shee yɛltɔɣa [e]" accesskey="e">Mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=history" title="Yaɣili ŋɔ labiyuli shɛŋa din gari [h]" accesskey="h">Lihimi tarihi</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paaji tuma binyahiri"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Kpatuɣa" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Kpatuɣa </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tuma nɛma</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">Taɣi chaŋ yaɣili ŋɔ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">Sɔɣima</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tumbu </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Musulunsi">Karimma</a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit" title="Malimi yaɣili ŋɔ [v]" accesskey="v">Mali niŋ</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit" title="Nammi yaɣili ŋɔ nyabili shee yɛltɔɣa [e]" accesskey="e">Mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=history">Lihimi tarihi</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Di bɔbigbaai </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:WhatLinksHere/Musulunsi" title="Wiki yaɣa zaa linki nim din kanna kpe [j]" accesskey="j">Bo nlee kanna kpe</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:RecentChangesLinked/Musulunsi" rel="nofollow" title="Taɣibu din yoli niŋ yaɣa ni ka di nyɛla yaɣ'shɛŋa ka di yina [k]" accesskey="k">Taɣibu din ŋmantaba</a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=dag" title="Zaŋ mi lahabaya kɔlisi maa n pa pohim zuɣu [u]" accesskey="u">Zaŋ mi lahibaya kɔligu n pa pohim zuɣu</a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:SpecialPages" title="Yaɣa gahinda zaa belima [q]" accesskey="q">Yaɣ'gahinda</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&oldid=92555" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page">Kpalinkpaa soli</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=info" title="More information about this page">Yaɣili ŋɔ lahabali</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Di%C5%8B%27gahim:CiteThisPage&page=Musulunsi&id=92555&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Lahabali zaŋ chaŋ yaɣili ŋɔ Kundivihirili lebbu">Zaŋ sirli ŋɔ lebi shɛhira</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Di%C5%8B%27gahim:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMusulunsi">Bɔmi URL ŋmaa</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Di%C5%8B%27gahim:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMusulunsi">Kpuɣmi QR anfooni</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Paɣabu/yihibu </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Di%C5%8B%27gahim:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Musulunsi">Nammi buku</a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Di%C5%8B%27gahim:DownloadAsPdf&page=Musulunsi&action=show-download-screen">Yaami kamani PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&printable=yes" title="Yaɣili ŋɔ binshɛli din ni tooi paɣi [p]" accesskey="p">Yaɣi sheli din ni tooi paɣi</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tuunshɛŋa ni </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Islam" hreflang="en">Wikimedia Commons</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q432" title="Linki din gɔhiri lahabaya biɛgyu shee binyɛra [g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata bɛlinli</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paaji tuma binyahiri"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Yi palo"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Yi palo</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">Taɣi chaŋ yaɣili ŋɔ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">Sɔɣima</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Diyila Dagbani Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="dag" dir="ltr"><div class="infobox" style="max-width:300px;float:right;padding:0 0.4em;border:1px solid #aaa;margin:0 0 0.4em 0.4em"><div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;text-align:center;font-weight:bold;padding:0.5em 0;margin:0.5em 0;font-size:120%">Musulunsi</div><div><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Mosque.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Mosque.jpg/300px-Mosque.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Mosque.jpg/450px-Mosque.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Mosque.jpg/600px-Mosque.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></div><table style="text-align:left;word-break:break-word;table-layout:fixed;width:100%;font-size:90%"><caption style="background-color:#f5f5f5;font-weight:bold;margin-top:0.2em">major religion</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row">Yaɣ sheli</th><td>Abrahamic religion <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P279" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Di pilli ni</th><td>631 <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P571" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Di bukaata</th><td>Marifa, love for God in Islam, dawah <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P366" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Zuliya wuhibu</th><td>الإسلام <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P1705" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Siɣili-lana yuli</th><td>surrender <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P138" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Ŋun pili</th><td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P112" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Yɛltɔɣa din nyɛ tuma ni dini</th><td>laribanchi <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P37" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Kali</th><td>Islamic culture, Arab culture <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P2596" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Dini be shɛli</th><td>Muslim world, worldwide <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P276" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Laɣigu pilibu shee</th><td>Hejaz <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P740" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Di duzuɣu shee</th><td>Masjid al-Haram, <a href="/wiki/Kaaba" title="Kaaba">Kaaba</a>, Qibla <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P159" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Foundational text</th><td><a href="/wiki/Alikuraan" title="Alikuraan">Alikuraan</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P457" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Di mini ŋa</th><td><a href="/wiki/Alikuraan" title="Alikuraan">Alikuraan</a>, Sunnah, hadith, prophetic biography <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P144" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Lahabali maa yaɣa yaɣa</th><td>Abrahamic religion <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P179" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Din doli na</th><td><a href="/wiki/Shahada" title="Shahada">Shahada</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P155" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Din doli na</th><td>Five Pillars of Islam <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P156" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Taɣi</th><td>Arabian mythology, Ancient Semitic religion <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P1365" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Nuu tuunbaŋsim balibu</th><td>spiritual practice, cult, devotion <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P136" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Ŋun nam</th><td>God in Islam <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P170" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Tingbani shɛli din yina</th><td>Hejaz <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P495" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Balli tuma bɛi balli yuli</th><td>laribanchi <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P407" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Influenced by</th><td>Hanif, Judaism, Arabian mythology <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P737" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Kpema</th><td>Jibril <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P57" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Ŋun buɣisira</th><td>Muhammad's wives, Anabi sɔhibe nima, Salaf, <a href="/wiki/Alikali" title="Alikali">Alikali</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P110" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Commemorates</th><td>As-Salam, 99 names of Allah <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P547" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Ŋun bɔhim ŋa nyɛ</th><td>Islamic studies <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P2579" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Taba laɣim di fiila</th><td>humanity, creature, idea, natural environment <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P129" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Location of creation</th><td><a href="/wiki/Maka" title="Maka">Maka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madina" title="Madina">Madina</a>, Jerusalem <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P1071" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Gɔhiri ni</th><td>dhikr, Dua, good works in Islam <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P2789" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Tuma ŋɔ maa zaa bɛla URL maa ni</th><td><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://corpus.quran.com/qurandictionary.jsp?q=slm">https://corpus.quran.com/qurandictionary.jsp?q=slm</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.qurananalysis.com/?q=الإسلام">http://www.qurananalysis.com/?q=الإسلام</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P953" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Hasitagi</th><td>Islam <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P2572" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Nahingbaŋ</th><td>monotheism <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P1552" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Taarihi bachikpani dalinli</th><td>history of Islam <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P2184" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Binshɛli din niŋsim</th><td>Qalab <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P121" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Practiced by</th><td><a href="/wiki/Musulinsi" title="Musulinsi">Musulinsi</a>, ummah <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P3095" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Stack Exchange site URL</th><td><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://islam.stackexchange.com">https://islam.stackexchange.com</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#P6541" title="Mali niŋ"><img alt="Mali niŋ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r90799">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .mw-valign-baseline.noviewer .mw-file-element{filter:invert(1)}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mw-valign-baseline.noviewer .mw-file-element{filter:invert(1)}}</style> B-Class<a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Symbol_b_class.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Symbol_b_class.svg/20px-Symbol_b_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Symbol_b_class.svg/30px-Symbol_b_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Symbol_b_class.svg/40px-Symbol_b_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a> Musulunsi (Islam)<a href="#cite_note-Naden-1">[1]</a>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C9%94%C5%8Bsim:IPA/English&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sɔŋsim:IPA/English (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">/ˈɪzlɑːm, ˈɪzlæm/</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C9%94%C5%8Bsim:Pronunciation_respelling_key&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sɔŋsim:Pronunciation respelling key (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">IZ-la(h)m</a>;<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabic_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabic language (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Arabic</a>: ٱلْإِسْلَام‎, romanized: al-Islām, ar, <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr> 'submission [to the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Will_of_God&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Will of God (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">will of God</a>]') nyɛla adiini din tam <a href="/wiki/Quran" class="mw-redirect" title="Quran">Quran</a> zuɣu ni Anabi <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> baŋsibu, ŋun ʒi adiini maa na. Ban doli Musulinsi adiini ka bɛ booni Musulinima, bɛ ni buɣisi shɛba kalinli ka bɛ ni paa niriba 1.9 biliyɔŋ dunia nyaaŋa zuɣu ka nyɛ adiini din galisi pahi buyi Dolodolo adiini nuu yi yi.<a href="#cite_note-www.pewresearch.org-2022-3">[3]</a> Musulinima malila dihitabili ni Musulinsi nyɛla yɛlimaŋli adiini din yuui ka Anabi nima mini tuumba ʒina, n-ti tabili <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adam in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Adam</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Noah_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noah in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Anabi Nuhu</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abraham in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Anabi Ibrahima</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Moses_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moses in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Anabi Musah</a>, ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jesus_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jesus in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Anabi Issah</a>. Musulinima malila dihitabili ni Alikuraani nyɛla yɛltɔɣa shɛli Naawuni ni siɣisi na. Quran nyaaŋa, Musulinima malila dihitabili ni Naawuni ni daa pun siɣisi shɛŋa na puuni, kamani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Torah_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torah in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tawrat</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Torah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Torah</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zabur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zabur (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Zabur</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Psalms&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psalms (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Psalms</a>), ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospel_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gospel in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Injil</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gospel (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Gospel</a>). Bɛ malila dihitabili ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Muhammad</a> n-nyɛ tumo ni yɛlimaŋli ka lahi nyɛ bahigu, ŋun daa pali adiini maa. Anabi Muhammad baŋsibu mini o tuuntumsa, dini n-nyɛ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunnah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sunnah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">sunnah</a>, di sabimi ka bɛ boli li <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hadith (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">hadith</a>, nyɛla binshɛɣu din wuhiri Musulinima biɛhigu. Musulinsi adiini saɣimi ti ni Naawuni nyɛla na'gaŋa ka ka kpee. Di yɛliya ni "Sariya karibu Kpalinkpaa" beni ka ban tum tuun viɛla ni nyɛ Alijanda (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jannah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jannah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">jannah</a>) ka ban tuma bi viɛli mi nyɛ bɛ ni yɛn dahim shɛba ni buɣim (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jahannam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jahannam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">jahannam</a>). Daantalisi dibaa anu—din nyɛ jama—dini n-nyɛ Musulinsi adiini pɔri ni bɛ tuma (<a href="/wiki/Shahada" title="Shahada">shahada</a>); biɛɣu kulo kam jama (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">salah</a>); sara malibu (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Zakat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zakat (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">zakat</a>); noli lɔbu (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sawm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sawm (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">sawm</a>) nolɔri goli ni (<a href="/wiki/Ramadan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramadan">Ramadan</a>); ni aʒi chandi (<a href="/wiki/Hajj" class="mw-redirect" title="Hajj">hajj</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mecca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mecca (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mecca</a>. Adiini zalikpani, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sharia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sharia (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">sharia</a>, shihila biɛhigu yaɣili kam, bini din gbaai banki tuma ni liɣiri biɛhigu hachi zaŋ ti paɣaba ni dobba ni ʒileli. Chu'kara din nyɛ adiini dini n-nyɛ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eid_al-Fitr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eid al-Fitr (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Eid al-Fitr</a> mini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eid_al-Adha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eid al-Adha (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Eid al-Adha</a>. Musulinsi adiini luɣa dibaata din gahim n-nyɛ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Masjid_al-Haram&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Masjid al-Haram (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Masjid al-Haram</a> din be Mecca, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prophet%27s_Mosque&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prophet's Mosque (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Prophet's Mosque</a> din be <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a>, ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Aqsa_Mosque&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Aqsa Mosque (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">al-Aqsa Mosque</a> din be <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jerusalem (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Jerusalem</a>. Musulinsi adiini pili la Mecca yuuni 610 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Common_Era&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Common Era (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">CE</a>. Musulinima dihimi tabili din bɔŋɔ di ni daa niŋ ka Anabi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad%27s_first_revelation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad's first revelation (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Muhammad</a> deei o tuuli surili. Zaŋ chaŋ o kpibu saha, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabian_Peninsula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabian Peninsula (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Arabian Peninsula</a> nima pam daa leei la Musulinima. Musulinsi daa yɛligiya yi Arabia "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rashidun_Caliphate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rashidun Caliphate (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Rashidun Caliphate</a>" ʒaamani ni "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Umayyad_Caliphate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Umayyad Caliphate (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Umayyad Caliphate</a>" ŋun daa doli na ka o toontali jendi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Andalus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Andalus (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Iberian Peninsula</a> zaŋ chaŋ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muslim_period_in_the_Indian_subcontinent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muslim period in the Indian subcontinent (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Indus Valley</a>. "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_Golden_Age&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic Golden Age (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Islamic Golden Age</a>" saha, di bahi bahindi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abbasid_Caliphate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abbasid Caliphate (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Abbasid Caliphate</a> saha, Muslinsi tabiibi, daabiligu ni kaya ni taɣada daa tirila tooni. Musulinsi adiini yɛligibu yila di toondaannima kpaŋmaŋa ni na mini daabilgu ni ban daa gindi wuligiri li. Musulinsi adiini oubu yaɣa buyi din galisi pam n-nyɛ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunni_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sunni Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sunni Islam</a> (85–90%) mini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shia_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shia Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Shia Islam</a> (10–15%). Musulinima n-galisi tingbana pihinu yini ka ni. Kamani Musulinima vaabu 12% dunia nyaaŋa zuɣu m-be <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Indonesia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam in Indonesia (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Indonesia</a>, Musulinima ni galisi tiŋgbani shɛli ni; vaabu 31% m-be <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_South_Asia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam in South Asia (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">South Asia</a>; 20% m-be <a href="/w/index.php?title=MENA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MENA (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Middle East–North Africa</a>; ka vaabu 15% be <a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Sub-Saharan_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Religion in Sub-Saharan Africa (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">sub-Saharan Africa</a>. Musulinima lahi be <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_the_Americas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam in the Americas (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Americas</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_China&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam in China (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">China</a>, ni<a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Europe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam in Europe (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Europe</a>. Musulinima nyɛla ban yɛligiri yom pam. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bachi_maa_ni_pili_shɛm">Bachi maa ni pili shɛm</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Bachi maa ni pili shɛm" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Bachi maa ni pili shɛm">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r17064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muslims&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muslims (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Muslims § Etymology</a></div> Larigu ni, Islam (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabic_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabic language (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Arabic</a>: إسلام‎, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Literal_translation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literal translation (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">lit.</a> 'zaŋ maŋa ti [Naawuni]')<a href="#cite_note-Schimmel-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> nyɛla nolini bachinamdili "<a href="https://dag.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%85#Arabic" class="extiw" title="wikt:أسلم">Form IV</a>" din yina bachinŋdli ni سلم (salama), din yina "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Semitic_root&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Semitic root (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">triliteral root</a>"س-ل-م (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0-L-M&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Š-L-M (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">S-L-M</a>), din nam bachi bɔbigu pam din yari zaŋ maŋa ti yɛltɔɣa, tiligibu, ni suhudoo.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> Adiini yuligu puuni, di nyɛla zaŋ maŋa zaa ti Naawuni.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muslims&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muslims (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Muslim</a> (مُسْلِم), bachi din zani ti ŋun doli Musulinsi,<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> di lahi nyɛla din zaani tiri "ŋunzaŋdi o maŋa tiri (Naawuni)" bee "bee ŋum baligi o maŋ n-ti (Naawuni)". <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadith_of_Gabriel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hadith of Gabriel (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Hadith of Gabriel</a> ni, Islam lahi nyɛla din chani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iman_(Islam)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iman (Islam) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">imān</a> (yɛlimaŋ tibo), ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ihsan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ihsan (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ihsān</a> (dede).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito2000[httpsarchiveorgdetailsoxfordhistoryofi00johnpage76_76–77]-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> Taarihi ni Musulinsi adiini maŋmaŋa yuli n-daa na booni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mohammedan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mohammedan (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mohammedanism</a> Siliminsili yɛlibu ʒaamani. Lala bachi ŋɔ nyɛla bɛ ni tooi bi lahi dii booni shɛli, ka di lahi ŋmani din mali taali, di wuhirila ninsala, ka pani Naawuni, di nyɛla din tam' Musulinsi adiini sunsuuni.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Articles_of_faith">Articles of faith</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Articles of faith" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Articles of faith">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aqidah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aqidah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Aqidah</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iman_(Islam)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iman (Islam) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Iman</a></div> Musulinsi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aqidah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aqidah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">aqidah</a> malila dihitabili daantalisi dibaa ayɔbu: Naawuni, Malaikanima, baŋsibu, anabi nima,Kum ni neebu, ni Naawuni ni zali shɛli.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="God">God</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: God" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: God">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Istanbul,_Hagia_Sophia,_Allah.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Istanbul%2C_Hagia_Sophia%2C_Allah.jpg/220px-Istanbul%2C_Hagia_Sophia%2C_Allah.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Istanbul%2C_Hagia_Sophia%2C_Allah.jpg/330px-Istanbul%2C_Hagia_Sophia%2C_Allah.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Istanbul%2C_Hagia_Sophia%2C_Allah.jpg/440px-Istanbul%2C_Hagia_Sophia%2C_Allah.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2118" data-file-height="2077" /></a><figcaption>Calligraphy showing the word <a href="/w/index.php?title=Allah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Allah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Allah</a> in Arabic in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hagia_Sophia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hagia Sophia (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Hagia Sophia</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istanbul (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Istanbul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/w/index.php?title=God_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="God in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">God in Islam</a></div> Musulinsi adiini tamla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tawhid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tawhid (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">tawḥīd</a> (Arabic: توحيد‎) zuɣu, Naawuni gaŋ'tali. Di tooi nyɛla bɛ ni tɛhi ni shɛli nyɛla adiini yin dolibu, amaa ka lahi wuhiri ni Naawuni be luɣili kam Musulinsi adiini baŋsibu ni.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> Naawuni ka so zaŋ ŋmahindi ka lahi ka kpee kamani Dolodolo ni mali yɛla dibaa ata shɛm, ka binshɛɣu zaŋ ŋmahindi Naawuni nyɛ buɣa jambu, bɛ ni boli shɛli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shirk_(Islam)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shirk (Islam) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">shirk</a>. Naawuni n-nyɛ binnamda duuma ka o ku tooi baŋ naai. Dini n-nyɛ, Musulinima bi mali Naawuni maɣisiri binshɛɣu. Amaa bɛ mali yuya pam booni Naawuni, din niŋ bayana n-nyɛ Ar-Rahmān (الرحمان) ka di gbunni nyɛ "ŋun zori sokam nambɔɣu," ni Ar-Rahīm (الرحيم) ka di gbunni nyɛ "Ŋun gahindi zori nambɔɣu" ka bɛ tooi karimdi li Quran yaɣa pam tuuli.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECampo200934"Allah"-17">[17]</a> Musulinsi saɣimi ti ni binshɛɣu kam din be dunia nyɛla Naawuni yiko ni, "Niŋma ka di shiri niŋ<a href="#cite_note-18">[lower-roman 1]</a><a href="#cite_note-Schimmel-4">[4]</a> ni ka nambu daliri nyɛ o jama zuɣu.<a href="#cite_note-19">[18]</a> O nyɛla o maŋmaŋa Naawuni<a href="#cite_note-Schimmel-4">[4]</a> aka so ka o sunsuuni, kamani ŋun yɛn zaŋ lahabali ti paagi O. Naawuni yɛla tebu nyɛla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taqwa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taqwa (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Taqwa</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=All%C4%81h&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Allāh (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Allāh</a> nyɛla bachi din ka zaɣ'bɔbigu bee m-buɣisiri paɣa bee doo ka sokam mali li m-booni o, ka <a href="/w/index.php?title=%CA%BEil%C4%81h&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ʾilāh (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ʾilāh</a> (إله) zani ti wuni bihi zaa.<a href="#cite_note-20">[19]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Malaikanima">Malaikanima</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Malaikanima" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Malaikanima">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Rashid_al-Din_Tabib_-_Jami_al-Tawarikh,_f.45v_detail_-_c._1306-15.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Rashid_al-Din_Tabib_-_Jami_al-Tawarikh%2C_f.45v_detail_-_c._1306-15.png/220px-Rashid_al-Din_Tabib_-_Jami_al-Tawarikh%2C_f.45v_detail_-_c._1306-15.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Rashid_al-Din_Tabib_-_Jami_al-Tawarikh%2C_f.45v_detail_-_c._1306-15.png/330px-Rashid_al-Din_Tabib_-_Jami_al-Tawarikh%2C_f.45v_detail_-_c._1306-15.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Rashid_al-Din_Tabib_-_Jami_al-Tawarikh%2C_f.45v_detail_-_c._1306-15.png/440px-Rashid_al-Din_Tabib_-_Jami_al-Tawarikh%2C_f.45v_detail_-_c._1306-15.png 2x" data-file-width="5877" data-file-height="4374" /></a><figcaption>Muhammad receiving his first revelation from the angel Gabriel. From the manuscript <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jami%27_al-Tawarikh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jami' al-Tawarikh (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Jami' al-Tawarikh</a> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rashid-al-Din_Hamadani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rashid-al-Din Hamadani (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Rashid-al-Din Hamadani</a>, 1307.</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Angels_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angels in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Angels in Islam</a></div> Malaikanima (Arabic: ملك‎, malak) nyɛla bɛ ni buɣisi shɛba Quran<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurge201523-21">[20]</a> mini hadith ni.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurge201579-22">[21]</a> Bɛ nyɛla bɛ ni buɣisi ka shɛba nambu daliri nyɛ bɛ jam Naawuni ka yari Naawuni yɛltɔɣa, ka sabiri sokam tuma, ka deei ninsala nyɛvuli o kpibu saha. Bɛ buɣisiba mi ka bɛ Namba 'neesim' (<a href="/w/index.php?title=N%C5%ABr_(Islam)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nūr (Islam) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">nūr</a>)<a href="#cite_note-23">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[24]</a> bee 'buɣim' (nār) ni.<a href="#cite_note-26">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[28]</a> Musulinsi malaikanima nyɛla bɛ ni buɣisi ka shɛba mali kpunkpama ni nahingban shɛŋa.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurge201597–99-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-32">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[32]</a> Bɛ nahingbana shɛŋa n-nyɛ bɛ ka suhuyurilim, kamani dibu mini nyubu.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEÇakmak2017140-34">[33]</a> Bɛ shɛba kamani, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gabriel (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Gabriel</a> (Jibrīl) mini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_(archangel)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael (archangel) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Michael</a> (Mika'il), nyɛla bɛ i boli shɛba yuya Quran ni. Malaikanima mali nuu timbu ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isra_and_Mi%27raj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isra and Mi'raj (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mi'raj</a> sabbu baŋsim ni, luɣ'shɛli Muhammad mini malaikanima ni laɣim taba o zuɣusaa chandi ni.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurge201579-22">[21]</a> Malaikanima shɛba yuya lahi nyɛla din be adiini sabiri shɛŋa ni.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurge201522-35">[34]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kundunima">Kundunima</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Kundunima" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Kundunima">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Qur%27an_and_Rehal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Qur%27an_and_Rehal.jpg/220px-Qur%27an_and_Rehal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Qur%27an_and_Rehal.jpg/330px-Qur%27an_and_Rehal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Qur%27an_and_Rehal.jpg/440px-Qur%27an_and_Rehal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Quran" class="mw-redirect" title="Quran">Quran</a> manuscript resting on a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rehal_(book_rest)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rehal (book rest) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">rehal</a>, a book rest for the holy text</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_holy_books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic holy books (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Islamic holy books</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quran" class="mw-redirect" title="Quran">Quran</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wahy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wahy (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wahy</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_Quran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="History of the Quran (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">History of the Quran</a></div> Musulinsi kundu din daŋ na nyɛla <a href="/wiki/Quran" class="mw-redirect" title="Quran">Quran</a>. Musulinama malila dihitabili ni Quran nyɛla Naawuni ni daa siɣisi shɛli n-ti Muhammad na, ka di nyɛla malaika Gabriel n-daa zaŋli na, siɣim bushɛm zuɣu yuuni 610 CE<a href="#cite_note-610CE-36">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-37">[36]</a> mini 632, yuun shɛli Muhammad ni kpi.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito200417–18,_21-38">[37]</a> Muhammad ni daa be o nyɛvuli ni, bɛ ni daa siɣisi Alikuraani yaɣ'shɛŋa ŋɔ na daa nyɛla o nyaandoliba ni sabi shɛli sɔŋ, amaa di tuuli wuligibu daa nyɛla noli ni mini gbaai niŋ zuɣu ni.<a href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a> Quran pirigila malila suurinima kɔbigu ni pia ni anahi (<a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C5%ABrah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sūrah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">sūrah</a>) ka di laɣim tamab mali aayanima tusaayɔbu ni kɔbishii ni pihita ni ayɔbu (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ayah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ayah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">āyāt</a>).Tuuli suurinima, daa siɣisimi na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Makkah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Makkah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Makkah</a> ka ta dabodabo yaɣa, ka <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medinan</a> suurinima din daa doli na jendi biɛhigu mini Musulinsi adiini ni saɣiti shɛli Musulinima ni.<a href="#cite_note-Schimmel-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ringgren-40">[39]</a> Musulinima sariya ŋmaariba hadith ('accounts'), bee Muhammad biɛhigu din sabi sɔŋ, ni di laɣim tum ni Quran ka tabi sɔŋ ni di kahigibu. Alikuraani alizama nyɛla bɛ ni boli shɛli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tafsir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tafsir (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">tafsir</a>.<a href="#cite_note-41">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito200479–81-42">[41]</a> N-ti pahi d adiini yɛla din kpa talahi ni, Quran n-nyɛ "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabic_literature&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabic literature (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Arabic literature</a>" din niŋ kasi,<a href="#cite_note-43">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[43]</a> ka mali nuu timbu ni "art" mini Arabic balli.<a href="#cite_note-45">[44]</a> Musulinsi lahi yɛliya ni Naawuni kahigila ashiya, bɛ ni boli shɛli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wahy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wahy (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">wahy</a>, n-ti anabinima balibu pam. Amaa, Musulinsi wuhiya ni kundunima din daa daŋ maa na, kamani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tawrat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tawrat (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tawrat</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Torah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Torah</a>) ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Injil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Injil (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Injil</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospel_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gospel in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Gospel</a>), nyɛla din wurim—di ni tooi nyɛ di kahigibu, di sabbu, bee di zaa,<a href="#cite_note-harvp|Esposito|2002b|pp=4–5-46">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-harvp|Peters|2003|p=9-47">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-48">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[48]</a> ka Alikuraani (lit. 'karimbu') nyɛ bahigu, ni Nawwuni yɛltɔɣa din bi taɣi.<a href="#cite_note-Ringgren-40">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBennett2010101-52">[51]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anabinima">Anabinima</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Anabinima" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Anabinima">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prophets_and_messengers_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prophets and messengers in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Prophets and messengers in Islam</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunnah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sunnah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sunnah</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hadith (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Hadith</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Medieval_Persian_manuscript_Muhammad_leads_Abraham_Moses_Jesus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Medieval_Persian_manuscript_Muhammad_leads_Abraham_Moses_Jesus.jpg/220px-Medieval_Persian_manuscript_Muhammad_leads_Abraham_Moses_Jesus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Medieval_Persian_manuscript_Muhammad_leads_Abraham_Moses_Jesus.jpg/330px-Medieval_Persian_manuscript_Muhammad_leads_Abraham_Moses_Jesus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Medieval_Persian_manuscript_Muhammad_leads_Abraham_Moses_Jesus.jpg/440px-Medieval_Persian_manuscript_Muhammad_leads_Abraham_Moses_Jesus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1073" data-file-height="680" /></a><figcaption>A 15th century<a href="#cite_note-53">[52]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Persian_miniature&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Persian miniature (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Persian miniature</a> depicting <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Muhammad</a> leading <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abraham in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Abraham</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Moses_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moses in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Moses</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jesus_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jesus in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Jesus</a> and other prophets in prayer</figcaption></figure> Anabinima (Arabic: أنبياء‎, anbiyāʾ) nyɛla bɛ ni dihitabili ni Naawuni daa piigi shɛba ni bɛ wuligiri o yɛltɔɣa. Lala Anabinima ŋɔ shɛba daa ʒila kundu pala na ka bɛ booni ba "tuumba" (رسول‎‎, rasūl).<a href="#cite_note-54">[53]</a> Musulinima malila dihitabili ni Anabinima nyɛla ninsalinima. Bɛ malila dihitabili ni Anabinima zaa yɛlila Musulinsi adiini yɛltɔɣa – Naawuni ni bɔri shɛli dolibu – n-tɔɣisiri tiri tiŋgbana din daa gari ha, lala ŋɔ nyɛla dihitabili din be adiini bɔbigu ni. Quran kali anabinima pam ban be Musulinsi adiini ni, n-ti tabili <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adam in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Adam</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Noah_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noah in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Noah</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abraham in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Abraham</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Moses_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moses in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Moses</a> ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jesus_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jesus in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Jesus</a>, ni ban pahi pahi.<a href="#cite_note-Schimmel-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-55">[54]</a> Anabinima lahabali din ka Quran ni nyɛla din be <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qisas_Al-Anbiya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qisas Al-Anbiya (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Qisas al-Anbiya</a> (anabinima lahabaya ni). Musulinima malila dihitabili ni Muhammad n-nyɛ anabinima bahigu ka Naawuni tim na ("<a href="/w/index.php?title=Seal_of_the_prophets&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seal of the prophets (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Seal of the prophets</a>") ni o ti wuligi Musulinsi adiini din pali.<a href="#cite_note-56">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-57">[56]</a> Musulinsi adiini ni, bɛ booni la Muhammad ni daa be biɛhi shɛli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunnah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sunnah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">sunnah</a> (literally "trodden path"). Musulinima tu ka bɛ tumdi Muhammad tuuntumsa biɛɣu kulo kam, ka sunnah maa nyɛ din kahigiri Quran.<a href="#cite_note-58">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[60]</a> Lala shɛhira ŋɔ nyɛla din gu m-be <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hadith (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">hadith</a> ni, din yari o nolini yɛltɔɣa, tuuntumsa, ani ninsalisili biɛhigu. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadith_qudsi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hadith qudsi (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Hadith Qudsi</a> nyɛla hadith yaɣ'shɛli, din yari Anabi Muhammad ni yɛli Naawuni maŋmaŋa ni daa kuliyɛli yɛltɔɣa shɛŋa ka di ka Quran ni. Hadith chanimi ni yɛla dibaa ayi: ban tɔri neeri lahabali, ka bɛ booni ba <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadith_studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hadith studies (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">sanad</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Broken_anchor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Broken anchor (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Broken anchor</a>, ni yɛltɔɣa ni kuli nyɛ shɛm, ka di mi nyɛ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadith_studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hadith studies (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">matn</a>. Soya din waligiri hadiths yɛlimaŋ'tali zooya, ka "grading scale" din niŋ bayana nyɛ din niŋ "dede" bee "viɛnyɛla" (صحيح‎, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Authentic_hadith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Authentic hadith (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ṣaḥīḥ</a>); "dede" (حسن‎, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hasan_(hadith)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hasan (hadith) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ḥasan</a>); "zaɣ'gbariŋ" (ضعيف‎, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Da%27if&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Da'if (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ḍaʻīf</a>), ni din pahi pahi. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kutub_al-Sittah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kutub al-Sittah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Kutub al-Sittah</a> nyɛla bukunima dibaa ayɔbu din laɣim taba, ka nyɛ lahabali shɛli din wuligi ka nyɛ yɛlimaŋli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunni_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sunni Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sunni Islam</a> ni. Din ni shɛli n-nyɛ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sahih_al-Bukhari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sahih al-Bukhari (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sahih al-Bukhari</a>, ka Sunni nima tooi nya ka dini n-nyɛ yɛlimaŋli dini Quran nuu yi yi.<a href="#cite_note-62">[61]</a> Hadiths din lahi pahi ka nriba pam mili n-nyɛ "<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Four_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Four Books (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">The Four Books</a>", ka Shianima nya ka dini n-nyɛ hadiths maŋli.<a href="#cite_note-63">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[63]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kum_ni_neebu_mini_sariya_karibu">Kum ni neebu mini sariya karibu</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Kum ni neebu mini sariya karibu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Kum ni neebu mini sariya karibu">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Syria,_Damascus,_The_Umayyad_Mosque.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Syria%2C_Damascus%2C_The_Umayyad_Mosque.jpg/220px-Syria%2C_Damascus%2C_The_Umayyad_Mosque.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Syria%2C_Damascus%2C_The_Umayyad_Mosque.jpg/330px-Syria%2C_Damascus%2C_The_Umayyad_Mosque.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Syria%2C_Damascus%2C_The_Umayyad_Mosque.jpg/440px-Syria%2C_Damascus%2C_The_Umayyad_Mosque.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Umayyad_Mosque&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Umayyad Mosque (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Umayyad Mosque</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Damascus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Damascus (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Damascus</a>, where Islamic tradition says <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jesus_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jesus in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Isa</a> (Jesus, seen as an Islamic prophet) will appear close to the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Last_Judgment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Last Judgment (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Day of Judgment</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_eschatology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic eschatology (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Islamic eschatology</a></div> Dihitabili ni "KUm ni neebu dabisili" bee <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qiyamah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qiyamah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Yawm al-Qiyāmah</a> (Arabic: يوم القيامة‎) gba nyɛla Musulinima ni dihi shɛli tabili. Dihitabili n-nyɛli ni Qiyāmah yiɣisibu nyɛla Naawuni ni pun zali shɛli, amaa ka ninsali bi mi li.<a href="#cite_note-65">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[66]</a> Dunia yi ti yiɣisi, Musulinima malila dihitabili ni bɛ yɛn karila ninsalinima zaa sariya ni bɛ ni tum tuun viɛli shɛŋa mini zaɣi be shɛŋa ka kpe <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jannah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jannah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Jannah</a> (paradise) bee <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jahannam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jahannam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Jahannam</a> (buɣim) ni.<a href="#cite_note-68">[67]</a>Quran suurili <a href="/w/index.php?title=Surat_al-Zalzalah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Surat al-Zalzalah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">al-Zalzalah</a> buɣisila ŋɔ ni: "Ni ŋun tum zaɣ'viɛli ka di pɔri ka wula ni deei di tarili. Ka ŋun tum zaɣ'biɛɣu biɛla gba ni deei di samyoo." Quran kali taya pam din ni tooi ʒi nira kpe buɣim ni. Amaa, Quran neeli ni Naawuni ni che ŋun bɔ champaŋ taali o suhu yi bɔra. Tuun viɛla, kamani sara, jama, ni binkɔbiri nambɔɣu zɔbu<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito2011130-69">[68]</a> nyɛla Naawuni ni yɛn ti shɛba alijanda. Musnyɛla alijanda ka di nyɛ nyaɣisim shee alibarika, ka Quran buɣisi di nahingbana.<a href="#cite_note-70">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[71]</a> Yawm al-Qiyāmah nyɛla din be Quran ni ka nyɛ Yawm ad-Dīn (يوم الدين "Adiini dabisili");<a href="#cite_note-73">[lower-roman 2]</a> as-Sāʿah (الساعة "Naabu saha");<a href="#cite_note-74">[lower-roman 3]</a> ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Qaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Qaria (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">al-Qāriʿah</a> (القارعة "The Clatterer").<a href="#cite_note-75">[lower-roman 4]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Naawuni_ni_pun_zali_shɛŋa">Naawuni ni pun zali shɛŋa</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Naawuni ni pun zali shɛŋa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Naawuni ni pun zali shɛŋa">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Predestination_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predestination in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Predestination in Islam</a></div> Naawuni ni zali shɛŋa Musulinsi adiini ni (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabic_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabic language (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Arabic</a>: القضاء والقدر‎, al-qadāʾ wa l-qadar) gbunni nyɛla binshɛɣu kam, din viɛli bee din be, nyɛla Naawuni yiko. Al-qadar, gbunni "yaa", din yimina yɛltɔɣa din nyɛ "n-zahim" bee "laasabu malibu" puuni.<a href="#cite_note-76">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-79">[75]</a> Musulinima tooi yarila lala dihitabili ŋɔ ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inshallah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inshallah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">"In-sha-Allah"</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabic_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabic language (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Arabic</a>: إن شاء الله‎) ka di gbunni nyɛ "Naawuni yi saɣi" bɛ yi yɛri dahinshɛli din be tooni yɛltɔɣa.<a href="#cite_note-80">[76]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taarihi">Taarihi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Taarihi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Taarihi">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="History of Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">History of Islam</a></div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:For_timeline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:For timeline (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:For timeline</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Muslim_empires_and_dynasties&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Muslim empires and dynasties (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">List of Muslim empires and dynasties</a></div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Wide_image&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Wide image (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Wide image</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Muhammad_and_the_beginning_of_Islam_(570–632)">Muhammad and the beginning of Islam (570–632)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Muhammad and the beginning of Islam (570–632)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Muhammad and the beginning of Islam (570–632)">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Muhammad in Islam</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Early_social_changes_under_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Early social changes under Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Early social changes under Islam</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Hira_Cave.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Hira_Cave.jpg/220px-Hira_Cave.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Hira_Cave.jpg/330px-Hira_Cave.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Hira_Cave.jpg/440px-Hira_Cave.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="2136" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jabal_al-Nour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jabal al-Nour (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Cave of Hira</a></figcaption></figure> Musulinsi adiini ni wuhi shɛm, bɛ daa dɔɣila Muhammad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mecca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mecca (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mecca</a> yuuni <a href="/w/index.php?title=570&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="570 (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">570</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Common_Era&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Common Era (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">CE</a> ka o daa niŋ kpibiga ka na nyɛ bia. O ni daa zoorina ka nyɛ daabia, sokam daa mi ka o nyɛla yarida lana (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabic_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabic language (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Arabic</a>: الامين‎). O daa ti niŋ o ni tumdi n-tiri so amiliya, paɣa ŋun daa niŋdi daabiligu ka o yuli booni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khadija_bint_Khuwaylid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khadija bint Khuwaylid (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Khadija</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito20106-81">[77]</a> Yuuni 610 CE, miisim din daa kana ni buɣa mɔŋbu Mecca, Muhammad daa kuli" <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cave_of_Hira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cave of Hira (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Cave of Hira</a>" ni zoli yuli booni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jabal_al-Nour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jabal al-Nour (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Jabal al-Nour</a> ni, ka di baɣi Mecca. O zolɔŊ ŋo ni benibu ni nka bɛ daa siɣisi <a href="/wiki/Quran" class="mw-redirect" title="Quran">Quran</a> yaɣ'shɛli tuuli na n-ti ti o, malaika <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gabriel (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Gabriel</a> n-daa zaŋli na.<a href="#cite_note-82">[78]</a> Muhammad zolɔŋ ŋɔ ni kpebu ŋɔ mini Quran siɣisibu na nyɛla bɛ ni buɣisi shɛli "Yuŋ din mali yaa" (Laylat al-Qadr) ka di nyɛ din mali bukaata Musulinsi adiini taarihi ni. O yuun pishi ni ayi din daa pahiri ni, yuun pihinahi zaŋ chana, Muhammad daa nyɛla ŋun deeri waahi Naawuni sani, ka nyɛ malaika bahigu Naawuni ni tim na ninsalinima sani.<a href="#cite_note-harvp|Esposito|2002b|pp=4–5-46">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-harvp|Peters|2003|p=9-47">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[79]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Siyer-i_Nebi_151b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Siyer-i_Nebi_151b.jpg/220px-Siyer-i_Nebi_151b.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="328" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Siyer-i_Nebi_151b.jpg/330px-Siyer-i_Nebi_151b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Siyer-i_Nebi_151b.jpg/440px-Siyer-i_Nebi_151b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="1108" /></a><figcaption>"Muhammad at the Ka'ba" from the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siyer-i_Nebi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siyer-i Nebi (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Siyer-i Nebi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-84">[80]</a> Muhammad is shown with veiled face, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1595.</figcaption></figure> Lala saha ŋɔ ni, o ni daa be <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_in_Mecca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad in Mecca (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mecca, Muhammad</a> daa na wuligirila adiini ashilo ni pɔi ka daa naan yi ti yihili saolo ni, ka mɔŋdi o wumdiba ni bɛ cheli buɣa ka jamdi Naawuni gaŋ ko. Tuuli ban daa dolisi pam daa nyɛla paɣaba, faranima, saamba, ni daba kamani tuuli ŋun moli jiŋli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muezzin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muezzin (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">muezzin</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bilal_ibn_Rabah_al-Habashi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bilal ibn Rabah al-Habashi (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Bilal ibn Rabah al-Habashi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-85">[81]</a>Meccanima daa nyami ka Muhammad saɣindi bɛ ninsalisili ni o ni niŋdi waazu zaŋ chaŋ Naawuni gaŋa dolibu polo la ka bɔhiri nandaamba mini daba bɔhisi kadama bɛ nyɛla ban diri anfaani Kaaba buɣa ni.<a href="#cite_note-86">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[83]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Persecution_of_Muslims_by_the_Meccans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Persecution of Muslims by the Meccans (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mecca</a> nima ni daa kuri Muslinima yuun pia ni ayi nyaaŋa, Muhammad mini o nyaaŋa daa niŋ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hegira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hegira (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Hijra</a> ("yinlooi") yuuni 622 n-kuli tiŋa yuli booni Yathrib (zuŋɔ din pa nyɛ Medina). Din ni, ni Medinan ba dolisi ( <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansar_(Islam)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ansar (Islam) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ansar</a>) ni ban yi Mecca labi ni (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhajirun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhajirun (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Muhajirun</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_in_Medina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad in Medina (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Muhammad</a> ni daa be Medina o daa pilila o maŋmaŋa siyaasa ni adiinilaɣimbu. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Medina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of Medina (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Medina</a> zalisi nyɛla Medina bala zaa ni daa dihi nuu shɛli ni. Lala adiini saɣiti ŋɔ daa nyɛla din yɛn sɔŋsi ka zalisi maa tum tuma Musulinima sani ni ban pa Musulinima ka lahi guba ka barina din yɛn yi sambani ni na ku paai Medina.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESerjeant19784-88">[84]</a> Meccanima daa lu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Badr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Badr (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Battle of Badr</a> ni bɛ mini Musulinma tuhibu ni yuuni 624 ka daa labi tuhi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Uhud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Uhud (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Battle of Uhud</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[85]</a> pɔi ka daa naan yi bi tooi di nasara Medina "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Trench&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of the Trench (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Battle of the Trench</a>" ni (March–April 627). Tuuni 628, "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Hudaybiyyah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of Hudaybiyyah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Treaty of Hudaybiyyah</a>" daa nyɛla Mecca mini Musulinima ni daa dihi nuu gbana ti saɣiti shɛli, amaa ka Mecca nima daa yiɣisi li yuma ayi nyaaŋa. Di ni daa niŋ ka bala pam dolisi labi Musulinsi adiini ni, Mecca nima daabiligu soya daa nyɛla Musulinima ni ŋari shɛli.<a href="#cite_note-90">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[87]</a> Zaŋ kana yuuni629 Muhammad daa di nasara <a href="/w/index.php?title=Conquest_of_Mecca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Conquest of Mecca (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mecca</a>, ka zaŋ chaŋ o kpibu saha yuuni 632 (yuun pihiyɔbu ni ayi ni) o daa laɣim la<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tribes_of_Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tribes of Arabia (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Arabia</a> bala ka bɛ doli adiini yini.<a href="#cite_note-92">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-610CE-36">[35]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_Islamic_period_(632–750)">Early Islamic period (632–750)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Early Islamic period (632–750)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Early Islamic period (632–750)">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Succession_to_Muhammad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Succession to Muhammad (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Succession to Muhammad</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Early_Muslim_conquests&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Early Muslim conquests (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Early Muslim conquests</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Event_of_Ghadir_Khumm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Event of Ghadir Khumm (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Event of Ghadir Khumm</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saqifa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saqifa (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Saqifa</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Mohammad_adil-Rashidun_empire-slide.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Mohammad_adil-Rashidun_empire-slide.gif/220px-Mohammad_adil-Rashidun_empire-slide.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Mohammad_adil-Rashidun_empire-slide.gif/330px-Mohammad_adil-Rashidun_empire-slide.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Mohammad_adil-Rashidun_empire-slide.gif/440px-Mohammad_adil-Rashidun_empire-slide.gif 2x" data-file-width="1196" data-file-height="580" /></a><figcaption>Expansion of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rashidun_Caliphate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rashidun Caliphate (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Rashidun Caliphate</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Dome_of_the_Rock1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Dome_of_the_Rock1.jpg/220px-Dome_of_the_Rock1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Dome_of_the_Rock1.jpg/330px-Dome_of_the_Rock1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Dome_of_the_Rock1.jpg/440px-Dome_of_the_Rock1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dome_of_the_Rock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dome of the Rock (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Dome of the Rock</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jerusalem (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Jerusalem</a> built by caliph <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_al-Malik_ibn_Marwan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan</a>; completed at the end of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Second_Fitna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Second Fitna (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Second Fitna</a></figcaption></figure> Muhammad daa kpila 632 ka tuuli fadiriba maa, bani n-nyɛ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Caliph&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caliph (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Caliphs</a> – <a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr" title="Abu Bakr">Abu Bakr</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Umar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Umar (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Umar</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uthman_ibn_al-Affan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uthman ibn al-Affan (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Uthman ibn al-Affan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_ibn_Abi_Talib&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali ibn Abi Talib (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ali ibn Abi Talib</a> ni saha shɛŋa ka <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hasan_ibn_Ali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hasan ibn Ali (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Hasan ibn Ali</a> gba beni<a href="#cite_note-93">[89]</a> – Sunni Musulinsi ni bɛ booni ba la al-khulafā' ar-rāshidūn ("<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rightly_Guided_Caliphs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rightly Guided Caliphs (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Rightly Guided Caliphs</a>").<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito201040-94">[90]</a> Zuliya shɛŋa daa chela Musulinsi adiini ka zaŋ bɛ maŋsi ti pahi toondaanninma ban daa zaŋ bɛ maŋa lee Anabinima ni amaa ka Abu Bakr daa kpehiba nuuni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ridda_wars&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ridda wars (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ridda tɔbu</a> ni.<a href="#cite_note-95">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-98">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-99">[95]</a> Jews mini Dolodolo nima shɛba, bɛ ni daa kuri bɛ hɛba daa tooi sɔŋdi Musulinima ka bɛ deeri bɛ tiŋgbana,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito201038-100">[96]</a> ka di zuɣu daa che ka toondaannima ŋɔ yɛligiri <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sassanid_Empire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sassanid Empire (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Persian</a> mini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Byzantine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Byzantine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Byzantine</a> tiŋgbana ni.<a href="#cite_note-101">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-harvp|Gardet|Jomier|2012-102">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-103">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[100]</a> Bɛ daa piigi Uthman yuuni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Election_of_Uthman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Election of Uthman (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">644</a> ka o kubu daa che ka bɛ daa piigi Ali Caliph ŋun daa pahi buyi. Tuuli sabiila nima tɔbu ni, Muhammad pakoli, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aisha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aisha (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Aisha</a>, daa sahila tɔbu bihi bahi Ali zuɣu, ni o bɔhi Uthman kpibu beri, amaa ka daa kɔŋ nasara "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Camel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of the Camel (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Battle of the Camel</a>" ni. Ali daa moya ni o yihi Syria zuɣulana, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mu%27awiya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mu'awiya (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mu'awiya</a>, bɛ ni daa nya ka so mali korinfahili. Ka Mu'awiya daa moli tɔbu bahi Ali zuɣu ka daa kɔŋ nasara <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Siffin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Siffin (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Battle of Siffin</a> tɔbu ni. Ali ni daa mali niya ni o bɔ maligu daa nyɛla din yiɣisi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kharijites&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kharijites (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Kharijites</a> suhuri, dama bɛ daa ʒimi ni nira yi bi tuhi taali tumda, Ali gba tumla taali maa. Kharijites daa tuhiya ka daa kɔŋ nasara "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Nahrawan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Nahrawan (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Battle of Nahrawan</a>" ni amaa Kharijite daa ti ku Ali. Ali bi'dibiga, Hasan ibn Ali, ka bɛ daa piigi Caliph ka bɛ daa dihi nuu suhudoo gbana ni di gu ka taɣi tooni ha zabili, ka daa lahi zaŋ Mu'awiya niŋ naa labisi Mu'awiya ka daa bilahi piigi ŋun yɛn zani o zaani.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoltLewis197767–72-105">[101]</a> Mu'awiya daa piligi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Umayyad_dynasty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Umayyad dynasty (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Umayyad dynasty</a> ni o dapali <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yazid_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yazid I (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Yazid I</a> piibu o fa'dira, ka di daa lahi yiɣisi sabila tɔbu din pahiri buyi. "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Karbala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Karbala (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Battle of Karbala</a>" ni, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Husayn_ibn_Ali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Husayn ibn Ali (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Husayn ibn Ali</a> daa nyɛla Yazid' nyaaŋ ni ku so; Shia nima teerila di yɛla yuuni kam tum di ni niŋ. Sunnanima, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibn_al-Zubayr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibn al-Zubayr (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ibn al-Zubayr</a> daa gari tooni n-ŋme nangbankpeeni ni "dynastic caliphate," ka daa kɔŋ nasara <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Mecca_(692)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Mecca (692) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">siege of Mecca</a> ni. Lala kpamli zabili ŋɔ nyɛla din yɛn duhi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sunni (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sunni</a>-<a href="/wiki/Shia" title="Shia">Shia</a> schism zuɣusaa,<a href="#cite_note-106">[102]</a> ka Shia mali dihitabili ni kpamli bela Muhammad zuliya ni zaŋ yi Ali sani, bɛ ni boli shɛli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahl_al-bayt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahl al-bayt (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ahl al-bayt</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWaines200346-107">[103]</a> Abu Bakr n-daa gari tooni ka bɛ laɣim Quran taba. Caliph <a href="/w/index.php?title=Umar_ibn_Abd_al-Aziz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz</a> n-daa kpa di komitii," <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Seven_Fuqaha_of_Medina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Seven Fuqaha of Medina (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">The Seven Fuqaha of Medina</a>",<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIsmāʻīl_ibn_ʻUmar_Ibn_Kathīr2012505-108">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[105]</a> ka <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malik_ibn_Anas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malik ibn Anas (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Malik ibn Anas</a> sabi tuuli Musulinsi adiini bukunima puuni yini.<a href="#cite_note-110">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-112">[108]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kharijites&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kharijites (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Kharijites</a> daa dihimitabili ni larigibu ka zaɣ'biɛɣu mini zaɣ'viɛlli sunsuuni, ka Musulimi ŋun tum taali titali yɛn nyɛ ninvuɣ'so ŋun yi dihitabili ni. Bachi din nyɛ "kharijites" gba nyɛla din yɛn zani ti dahinshɛli laɣinsi kamani <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISIS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISIS (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISIS</a>.<a href="#cite_note-113">[109]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Murji%27ah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Murji'ah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Murji'ah</a> tɛha nyami ni Naawuni ko n-ni tooi wuhi daadam tuun viɛla ni nyɛ shɛli. Di zuɣu, ban tumdi tuun biɛri ni tooi nyɛ ban bi doli so viɛlli, amaa ka di pala bɛ bi dihimitabili.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlankinship200843-114">[110]</a> Din bɔŋɔ nyɛla din be Musulinsi adiini dihitabili ni.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito201087-115">[111]</a> "Umayyad dynasty" daa deei la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maghreb (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Maghreb</a> sulinsi, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iberian_Peninsula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iberian Peninsula (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Iberian Peninsula</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gallia_Narbonensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gallia Narbonensis (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Narbonnese Gaul</a> ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sindh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sindh (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sindh</a>.<a href="#cite_note-116">[112]</a> "Umayyads" maa daa nyɛla ban niŋ wahala ni yɛlimaŋ tali ka zaŋ bɛ yaa zaa baɣi linjimanima ni.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito201045-117">[113]</a> Tum di ni daa niŋ ka <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jizya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jizya (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">jizya</a> farigu nyɛ farigu shɛli ban bi ti Musulinsi adiini ni yori shɛli la ka di zuɣu yihiba linjimanima tuma tumbu ni, "Umayyads" maa daa zaɣisi Arab ban daa dolisiri yɛla baŋbu, pirimla di ni daa bɔri bɛ ni nyari ariziki shɛli la.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito201087-115">[111]</a> Dini daa niŋ ka Rashidun Caliphate zaɣa zaa daa be biɛhigu ni maa, ka Umar daa tom lahi bɔri kpɛm ka ni gbubi shɛli tiligibu,<a href="#cite_note-118">[114]</a> Umayyad nachintɛrtɛri daa nyɛla yɛlimaŋ tiriba suhu ni daa bi piɛli zaŋ chaŋ shɛli polo.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito201087-115">[111]</a> Kharijites daa zaŋla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Berber_Revolt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berber Revolt (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Berber Revolt</a> gari tooni, ka di zuɣu daa che ka Musulinima Caliphate tiŋgbana deei maŋsulinsi. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abbasid_Revolution&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abbasid Revolution (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Abbasid Revolution</a> ni, ban daa Arab nima ban dolisi (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mawali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mawali (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">mawali</a>), Arab nam zuliyanima daa nyɛla Umayyad nam zuliyanima ni daa daai shɛli luhi, ka Shi'a nima shɛba daa ŋme n-yiɣisi Umayyads maa, ka daa pili tiŋgbana nima pam laɣimbu "Abbasid dynasty" yuuni 750.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELapidus200256-119">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELewis199371–83-120">[116]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Classical_era_(750–1258)">Classical era (750–1258)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Classical era (750–1258)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Classical era (750–1258)">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadith_studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hadith studies (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Hadith studies</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_philosophy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic philosophy (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Islamic philosophy</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_world_contributions_to_Medieval_Europe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic world contributions to Medieval Europe (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Islamic world contributions to Medieval Europe</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turco-Persian_tradition&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turco-Persian tradition (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Turco-Persian tradition</a></div> Al-Shafi'i yimina ni so'chibiga din wuhiri hadith zaɣ'maŋtali.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELapidus200286-121">[117]</a> Abbasid piligu saha, baŋdiba kamani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_al-Bukhari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad al-Bukhari (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Muhammad al-Bukhari</a> mini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muslim_ibn_al-Hajjaj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj</a> n-daa laɣim <a href="/w/index.php?title=Six_major_Hadith_collections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Six major Hadith collections (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sunni hadith</a> zuɣuri ka baŋdiba kamani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_ibn_Ya%27qub_al-Kulayni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Al-Kulayni</a> mini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Babawayh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibn Babawayh (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ibn Babawayh</a> mi laɣim Shia hadith zuɣuri. Sunnanima anahi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Madh%27hab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Madh'hab (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Madh'habs</a>, Hanafi, Hanbali, Maliki, ni Shafi'i, daa nyɛla bɛ ni me shɛli tam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ab%C5%AB_%E1%B8%A4an%C4%ABfa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abū Ḥanīfa (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Abū Ḥanīfa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmad_ibn_Hanbal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmad ibn Hanbal (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ahmad ibn Hanbal</a>, Malik ibn Anas ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Shafi%27i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Shafi'i (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">al-Shafi'i</a> baŋsibu zuɣu. Lala n-lahi nyɛli, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ja%27far_al-Sadiq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ja'far al-Sadiq (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ja'far al-Sadiq</a> baŋsibu n-nyɛ din nam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ja%27fari_jurisprudence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ja'fari jurisprudence (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ja'fari jurisprudence</a>. 9th century saha, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Tabari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Tabari (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Al-Tabari</a> daa naa lahabali din dalim Quran sabbu, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tafsir_al-Tabari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tafsir al-Tabari (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tafsir al-Tabari</a>, din niŋ shɛhira lahabali din kpa talahi Sunni Musulinsi adiini ni. <a href="#cite_note-EB-Sufism-122">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELapidus200290,_91-123">[119]</a> Saha ŋɔ ni, adiini yɛlimuɣisira, daa nyɛla bɛ ni kpe shɛli tuma ni, ka Hasan al Basri daa be di tooni dimini Naawuni m-mi niriba tuuntumsa maa zaa yoli.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlankinship200838-39-124">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-126">[lower-alpha 1]</a> Greek haŋkali zilinli lana daa niŋla nimmohi ni shikuru tɛhi shɛli bɛ ni boli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mu%CA%BFtazila&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muʿtazila (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Muʿtazila</a>, ka daa kpaŋsi "free-will" shɛli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wasil_ibn_Ata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wasil ibn Ata (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wasil ibn Ata</a> ni daa pili.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlankinship200850-127">[122]</a> <a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito201088-128">[123]</a> Caliph <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mu%27tasim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mu'tasim (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Al-Mu'tasim</a> daa niŋla vihigu ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmad_ibn_Hanbal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmad ibn Hanbal (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ahmad ibn Hanbal</a> bɛ ni daa mi ka so zaɣisi Muʿtazila tɛha zani tuhi.<a href="#cite_note-129">[124]</a> <a href="#cite_note-130">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-131">[126]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Cheshm_manuscript.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Cheshm_manuscript.jpg/220px-Cheshm_manuscript.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Cheshm_manuscript.jpg/330px-Cheshm_manuscript.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Cheshm_manuscript.jpg/440px-Cheshm_manuscript.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>The eye, according to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hunain_ibn_Ishaq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hunain ibn Ishaq (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Hunain ibn Ishaq</a> from a manuscript dated c. 1200</figcaption></figure> Saha shɛŋa bɛ booni la lala ʒaamani ŋɔ"<a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_Golden_Age&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic Golden Age (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Islamic Golden Age</a>".<a href="#cite_note-132">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-133">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-134">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-135">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-harvp|Gardet|Jomier|2012-102">[98]</a> Musulinsi adiini tabiibi nasara dibu nyɛla din gili yaɣa pam n-ti tabili <a href="/w/index.php?title=Medicine_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medicine in the medieval Islamic world (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">medicine</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathematics_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mathematics in the medieval Islamic world (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">mathematics</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomy_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astronomy in the medieval Islamic world (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">astronomy</a>, ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_Agricultural_Revolution&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab Agricultural Revolution (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">agriculture</a>n-ti pahi kamani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Physics_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Physics in the medieval Islamic world (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">physics</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_Islamic_economics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="History of Islamic economics (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">economics</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_inventions_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of inventions in the medieval Islamic world (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">engineering</a> ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibn_al-Haytham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibn al-Haytham (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">optics</a>.<a href="#cite_note-136">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-137">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[133]</a><a href="#cite_note-139">[134]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Avicenna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avicenna (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Avicenna</a> daa nyɛla ŋun gari tooni ni "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Medical_research&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medical research (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">experimental medicine</a>",<a href="#cite_note-140">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-141">[136]</a> ni o "<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Canon_of_Medicine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Canon of Medicine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">The Canon of Medicine</a>" daa nyɛla "medical" sabbu din zani di naba zuɣu musulinsi ni mini <a href="/wiki/Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Europe">Europe</a> yuun gbaliŋ. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhazes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhazes (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Rhazes</a> n-daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun baŋ doro din nyɛ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Smallpox&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Smallpox (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">smallpox</a> mini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Measles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Measles (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">measles</a>.<a href="#cite_note-142">[137]</a> Gɔmnanti tuuli ashibitinima lala saha daa ti dɔɣite nima shɛhira gbana.<a href="#cite_note-143">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-144">[139]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibn_al-Haytham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibn al-Haytham (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ibn al-Haytham</a> ka bɛ boli ʒaamani tabiibi ba ka bɛ tooi booni o "dunia tuuli yɛlimaŋli tabiibi lana."<a href="#cite_note-145">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-146">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-147">[142]</a> Injiniya tali ni, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ban%C5%AB_M%C5%ABs%C4%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Banū Mūsā (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Banū Mūsā</a> mabiligu ŋun pebiri niŋdi n-to kalimboo ka bɛ yɛli ni ŋuni n-daa yina ni tuuli maʒini parigu.<a href="#cite_note-148">[143]</a> Laasabu malibu ni, "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Algorithm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Algorithm (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">algorithm</a>" nyɛla bɛ ni zaŋ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_ibn_Musa_al-Khwarizmi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi</a> yuli ti shɛli, ŋun yihi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Algebra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Algebra (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">algebra</a> na, ka bɛ zaŋ di yuli ti o buku din nyɛ <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Compendious_Book_on_Calculation_by_Completion_and_Balancing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">al-jabr</a>, ka shɛba mi yina ni "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Function_(mathematics)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Function (mathematics) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">function</a>".<a href="#cite_note-149">[144]</a> Gɔmnanti yorila tabiibi tuuntumdiba ban guuri yim zuŋɔ.<a href="#cite_note-150">[145]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guinness_World_Records&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guinness World Records (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Guinness World Records</a> baŋla <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Al_Karaouine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Al Karaouine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">University of Al Karaouine</a> yɛla, din daa pili yuuni 859, dunia university kurili din tiri shɛhira gbaŋ din nyɛ "degree".<a href="#cite_note-151">[146]</a> Ban pa Musulinima pam, kamani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christians&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christians (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Christians</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jews&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jews (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Jews</a> ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sabians&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sabians (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sabians</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Brague_2009-152">[147]</a> nyɛla ban mali nuu timbu ni Musulinsi adiini nini neebu yaɣa pam ni,<a href="#cite_note-153">[148]</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[149]</a> ka baŋsim tuma yaɣili din yuli booni <a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Wisdom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="House of Wisdom (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">House of Wisdom</a> kpuɣi Dolodolo mini <a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_pre-modern_Iranian_scientists_and_scholars&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of pre-modern Iranian scientists and scholars (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Persian</a> baŋdiba ka bɛ lɛbigiri sabbunima larigu ni ka yɛligiri baŋsim pala.<a href="#cite_note-155">[150]</a><a href="#cite_note-Brague_2009-152">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-156">[151]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pre-Modern_era_(1258–18th_century)">Pre-Modern era (1258–18th century)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Pre-Modern era (1258–18th century)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Pre-Modern era (1258–18th century)">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Safavid_conversion_of_Iran_to_Shia_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Safavid conversion of Iran to Shia Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Safavid conversion of Iran to Shia Islam</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:GhazanConversionToIslam.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/GhazanConversionToIslam.JPG/220px-GhazanConversionToIslam.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/GhazanConversionToIslam.JPG/330px-GhazanConversionToIslam.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/GhazanConversionToIslam.JPG/440px-GhazanConversionToIslam.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1498" data-file-height="2009" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghazan_Khan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghazan Khan (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ghazan Khan</a>, 7th <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilkhanate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilkhanate (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ilkhanate</a> ruler of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongol_Empire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mongol Empire (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mongol Empire</a>, converts to Islam. 14th-century depiction</figcaption></figure> Musulinsi daabilugu tuma ni Sufi tuuntumsa ni,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEArnold1896125–258-157">[152]</a> Musulinsi adiini yɛligimi chaŋ luɣ'shɛŋa<a href="#cite_note-158">[153]</a> ka Musulinima dee kaya ni taɣada pla. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ottoman_Empire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ottoman Empire (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ottoman Empire</a> ni, Musulinsi yɛligimi chaŋ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Southeast_Europe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Southeast Europe (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Southeast Europe</a>.<a href="#cite_note-159">[154]</a> Musulinsi adiini ni kpebu nyɛla adiini bɔbigu laɣmbu,<a href="#cite_note-160">[155]</a> kamani Muhammad yɛltɔɣa ni yina <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hinduism (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Hindu</a> salima ni shɛ.<a href="#cite_note-161">[156]</a> Muslim Turks laɣim la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengrism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tengrism (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Turkish Shamanism</a> dihitabilinima ni musulinsi.<a href="#cite_note-163">[lower-alpha 2]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEÇakmak20171425–1429-164">[158]</a> Musulinima ban be <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_during_the_Ming_dynasty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam during the Ming dynasty (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ming Dynasty China</a> ban daa yina tuuli yaakoronima ni, saha shɛŋa zaŋ chaŋ zalisi zalibu ni,<a href="#cite_note-165">[159]</a> Chinese yuya ni kaya ni taɣada paŋbu ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nanjing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nanjing (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Nanjing</a> daa niŋla Musulinsi adiini biɛhigu shee.<a href="#cite_note-166">[160]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[161]</a> Kaya ni taɣada taɣibu shɛhira daa nyɛla Arab yiko taɣibu ni Abbasid Caliphate <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongol_invasions_and_conquests&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mongol invasions and conquests (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mongol</a> ni daa saɣim nyaaŋa.<a href="#cite_note-168">[162]</a> Musulinima Mongol Khanates din be <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilkhanate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilkhanate (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Iran</a> mini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chagatai_Khanate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chagatai Khanate (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Central Asia</a> daa di anfaani ni East Asia kaya ni taɣada tabi ni kp ni kpebu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pax_Mongolica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pax Mongolica (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mongol</a> sulinsi saha ka daa nya lɛbiginsim pam ni Arab kpaŋmaŋa ni, kamani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Timurid_Renaissance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timurid Renaissance (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Timurid Renaissance</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Timurid_dynasty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timurid dynasty (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Timurid dynasty</a> saha.<a href="#cite_note-169">[163]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nasir_al-Din_al-Tusi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nasir al-Din al-Tusi (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Nasir al-Din al-Tusi</a> (1201–1274) daa tɛhimi gbaai laasabu mali polo ka nangbaankpeeni daa ti kana ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Copernicus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Copernicus (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Copernicus</a> daa zaŋli mi m-pahi o "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Heliocentrism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heliocentrism (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">heliocentric</a> model" ni,<a href="#cite_note-170">[164]</a> ka <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamsh%C4%ABd_al-K%C4%81sh%C4%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamshīd al-Kāshī (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Jamshīd al-Kāshī</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pi (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">pi</a> buɣisibu ku gari yuun kɔbigu ni pihinii.<a href="#cite_note-171">[165]</a> Malifa ti'zima tɔb'bina malibu nyaaŋa, Musulim tiŋgbana pam daa ʒinimi miri "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gunpowder_empires&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gunpowder empires (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">gunpowder empires</a>", din bɔŋɔ daa nyɛla din gili tiŋgbana pam ni. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ottoman_dynasty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ottoman dynasty (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ottoman dynasty</a> daa deei la Ottoman Empire toondaan' tali ka o deebu daa niŋ yaa yuuni 1517 di ni daa niŋ ka <a href="/w/index.php?title=Selim_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Selim I (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Selim I</a> daa leei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Custodian_of_the_Two_Holy_Mosques&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mecca mini Medina</a> naa.<a href="#cite_note-172">[166]</a> Shia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Safavid_dynasty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Safavid dynasty (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Safavid dynasty</a> daa yiɣisi zani deei yaa yuuni 1501 ka daa ti deei Iran zaa.<a href="#cite_note-173">[167]</a> South Asia tiŋgbani ni, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Babur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Babur (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Babur</a> daa kpa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mughal_Empire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mughal Empire (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mughal Empire</a>.<a href="#cite_note-174">[168]</a> "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mevlevi_Order&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mevlevi Order (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mevlevi Order</a>" mini "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bektashi_Order&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bektashi Order (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Bektashi Order</a>" daa mlila biɛhigu ni sultans,<a href="#cite_note-175">[169]</a> kamani "Sufi-mystical" ni "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Heterodox&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heterodox (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">heterodox</a>" mini "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Syncretic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Syncretic (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">syncretic</a>" so'dolisi ni Musulinsi adiini ni daa kpaŋsi la.<a href="#cite_note-176">[170]</a>Dakulo kam nahingu ni "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Safavid_conversion_of_Iran_to_Shia_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Safavid conversion of Iran to Shia Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Safavid conversion of Iran</a>" zaŋ chaŋ Twelver Shia Islam din be Safavid Empire daa che ka <a href="/w/index.php?title=Twelver&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Twelver (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Twelver sect</a> daa nyɛ din du zuɣusaa ni Shia Musulinsi ni. Persian yaakoro niŋdiba ban daa kuli South Asia, ka nyɛ tiŋgbani suriba, daa nyɛla ban sɔŋsi yɛligi Shia Musulinsi adiini, ka di daa nam Shia nima pa Iran polo tiŋ'shɛŋa ni.<a href="#cite_note-177">[171]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nader_Shah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nader Shah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Nader Shah</a>, ŋun daa ŋme n-yiɣisi Safavids, daa moya ni o kpaŋsi biɛhigu ni Sunna nima ka di nyɛla o daa malila Twelverism pahiri Sunni Musulinsi ni ka di nyɛ "madhhab" din pahi anu, ka bɛ boli li Ja'farism,<a href="#cite_note-178">[172]</a> ka di daa bɛ tooi nya taɣidee Ottomans.<a href="#cite_note-179">[173]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_era_(18th–20th_centuries)">Modern era (18th–20th centuries)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Modern era (18th–20th centuries)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Modern era (18th–20th centuries)">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Portrait_Caliph_Abdulmecid_II.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Portrait_Caliph_Abdulmecid_II.jpg/220px-Portrait_Caliph_Abdulmecid_II.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Portrait_Caliph_Abdulmecid_II.jpg/330px-Portrait_Caliph_Abdulmecid_II.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Portrait_Caliph_Abdulmecid_II.jpg/440px-Portrait_Caliph_Abdulmecid_II.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1185" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd%C3%BClmecid_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdülmecid II (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Abdülmecid II</a> was the last Caliph of Islam from the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ottoman_dynasty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ottoman dynasty (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ottoman dynasty</a>.</figcaption></figure> 14th century piligu, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Taymiyya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibn Taymiyya (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ibn Taymiyya</a> daa kpaŋsirila "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Puritan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Puritan (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">puritanical</a>" Islam balishɛli,<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-180">[174]</a> ka zaɣisiri adiini so'dolisi din niŋ soochi,<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-180">[174]</a> ka bɔri ni bɛ yooi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Itjihad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Itjihad (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">itjihad</a> dunoya gari baŋdiba tɔɣisibu din be zimsim ni.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito2010150-181">[175]</a> o daa bɔri ni bɛ tuhi o ni boli shɛba "heretics",<a href="#cite_note-182">[176]</a> amaa o sabbunima tumla tuma saha shɛli o ni daa be o nyɛvuli ni.<a href="#cite_note-183">[177]</a> 18th century saha, Arabia tiŋgbani ni, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_ibn_Abd_al-Wahhab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab</a>, ni Ibn Taymiyya mini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibn_al-Qayyim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibn al-Qayyim (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ibn al-Qayyim</a> tabi sɔŋ puuni, bɛ daa kpa laɣingu shɛli bɛ ni daa boli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wahhabi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wahhabi (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wahhabi</a> ni bɛ labi o ni daa nya ka shɛli pa Musulinsi adiini ni.<a href="#cite_note-184">[178]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceE-185">[179]</a> O daa filim Musulinsi adiini yɛltɔɣa shɛŋa, kamani Anabi Muhammad (S.A.W) gballi kaabu, ka yɛli ni di nyɛla din yoli kana ka nyɛ taali<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceE-185">[179]</a><a href="#cite_note-Musa-2022-186">[180]</a> ka saɣim buɣi kuɣa mini tihi, Sufi buɣa, Anabi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Destruction_of_early_Islamic_heritage_sites_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Destruction of early Islamic heritage sites in Saudi Arabia (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Muhammad</a> mini o nyaaŋa gbala ni Husayn gballi din be Karbala, Shia daantali kpeeni shee.<a href="#cite_note-Musa-2022-186">[180]</a><a href="#cite_note-187">[181]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito2010146-188">[182]</a> O daa naai la noli ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Saud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="House of Saud (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Saud</a> zuliya, ka zaŋ kana yuuni 1920s, ka bɛ daa deei luɣ'shɛli din pa yɛn nyɛ <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Musa-2022-186">[180]</a><a href="#cite_note-189">[183]</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ma_Wanfu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ma Wanfu (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ma Wanfu</a> mini Ma Debao daa kpaŋsi "salafist movements" 19th century kamani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sailaifengye&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sailaifengye (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sailaifengye</a> China dini daa niŋ ka bɛ yi Mecca labina amaa ka bɛ daa kuriba ka di zuɣu che ka bɛ bi yuri ka sɔɣiri Sufi laɣinsi.<a href="#cite_note-190">[184]</a> Laɣin shɛŋa daa labiri mi niɣindi Sufism amaa ka bi kariti li, ka <a href="/w/index.php?title=Senusiyya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senusiyya (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Senusiyya</a> mini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Ahmad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad Ahmad (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Muhammad Ahmad</a> zaa daa lɔri tɔbiri ka zaani tiŋgbana Libya mini Sudan zaa.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito2010147-191">[185]</a> India tiŋgbani ni, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shah_Waliullah_Dehlawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shah Waliullah Dehlawi (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Shah Waliullah Dehlawi</a> daa moya ni o bo maligu niŋ Sufism nima sunsuuni ka daa sɔŋsi "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Deobandi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deobandi (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Deobandi</a> movement".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito2010149-192">[186]</a> Deobandi movement ŋɔ dolibu ni, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barelwi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barelwi (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Barelwi</a> movement gba daa kpaya ka nyɛ laɣingu din galisi, ka zaniti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sufism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sufism (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sufism</a> ka niɣindi di tuuntumsa.<a href="#cite_note-193">[187]</a><a href="#cite_note-194">[188]</a> Musulinsi siyaasa daa pili tiŋgbani ni donibu 1800s piligu, di bahi bahindi zaŋ ŋmahindi Europe yahinima ban pa musulinima zaŋ ŋmahindi taba. Piligu ha, 15th century, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reconquista&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reconquista (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Reconquista</a> daa di nasara ni ni Musulinima karibu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taifa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taifa (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Iberia</a>. Zaŋ chaŋ 19th century, British <a href="/w/index.php?title=Company_rule_in_India&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Company rule in India (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">East India Company</a> daa zali <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mughal_dynasty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mughal dynasty (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mughal dynasty</a> India tiŋgbani ni.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELapidus2002358,_378–380,_624-195">[189]</a> <a href="#cite_note-196">[190]</a> Musulinsi adiini taɣibu, Western baŋdiba ni daa tuui boli shɛli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salafi_movement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salafi movement (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Salafiyya</a>, daa taɣimi deei ʒaamani binyɛra din kpa talahi. Ban daa be lala laɣingu ŋɔ tooni shɛba n-nyɛ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Abduh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad Abduh (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Muhammad 'Abduh</a> mini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamal_al-Din_al-Afghani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamal al-Din al-Afghani (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Jamal al-Din al-Afghani</a>.<a href="#cite_note-197">[191]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abul_A%27la_Maududi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abul A'la Maududi (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Abul A'la Maududi</a> daa sɔnmi kpaŋsi ʒaamani Musulini siyaasa.<a href="#cite_note-198">[192]</a><a href="#cite_note-199">[193]</a> <a href="#cite_note-Oxfordref-200">[194]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fall_of_the_Ottoman_Empire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fall of the Ottoman Empire (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ottoman Empire</a> daa kpihim ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=World_War_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="World War I (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">World War I</a> nyaaŋa, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ottoman_Caliphate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ottoman Caliphate (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ottoman Caliphate</a> daa kpihim ya yuuni 1924<a href="#cite_note-201">[195]</a> ka <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sharifian_Caliphate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sharifian Caliphate (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sharifian Caliphate</a> din daa dolina gba daa lu yom,<a href="#cite_note-202">[196]</a><a href="#cite_note-203">[197]</a><a href="#cite_note-والخلفاء-2023-204">[198]</a> ka Musulinsi pa beni ka ka toondana.<a href="#cite_note-والخلفاء-2023-204">[198]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pan-Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pan-Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Pan-Islamists</a> daa moya ni bɛ laɣim Musulinima nangbani yini ka niŋ zaɣa ni bɛ yaa zoobu tiŋgbana ni, kamani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pan-Arabism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pan-Arabism (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">pan-Arabism</a>.<a href="#cite_note-205">[199]</a><a href="#cite_note-206">[200]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Organisation of Islamic Cooperation</a> (OIC), Musulinima ni galisi tiŋgbani shɛŋa ni n-daa be din ni, di daa kpala yuuni 1969 bɛ ni daa nyo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qibli_Mosque&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qibli Mosque (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Al-Aqsa Mosque</a> din be <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jerusalem (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Jerusalem</a> nyaaŋa.<a href="#cite_note-207">[201]</a> Daabiligu daa ʒi Musulinsi kpe tiŋgbani yaɣa pam. Musulinima pam daa niŋ yaakoro (di yaa daa nyɛla India mini Indonesia) zaŋ kuli Caribbean, ka di zuɣu daa che ka Musulinima galisim daa be Americas.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaddadSmith2002271-208">[202]</a> Yaakoro niŋ yi Syria mini Lebanon nyɛla din pahi ka Musulinima galisi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Latin_America&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam in Latin America (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Latin America</a>.<a href="#cite_note-209">[203]</a> Sub-Saharan Africa fɔŋ leebu mini daabiligu kpaŋsibu nyɛla din ʒi Musulinima na ka bɛ ti ʒini tiŋgbani yaɣ'pala ka wuligi Musulinsi adiini,<a href="#cite_note-Pew_Research_Center-2011-210">[204]</a> ka Musulinima kalinli pahi bini din gbaai yuuni 1869 zaŋ chaŋ yuuni 1914.<a href="#cite_note-211">[205]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contemporary_era_(20th_century–present)">Contemporary era (20th century–present)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Contemporary era (20th century–present)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Contemporary era (20th century–present)">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:13._Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/13._Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference.jpg/300px-13._Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/13._Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference.jpg/450px-13._Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/13._Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference.jpg/600px-13._Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1960" data-file-height="1075" /></a><figcaption>Leaders of Muslim countries during session of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_Summit_Conference&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic Summit Conference (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Islamic Summit Conference</a> in Istanbul, Turkey</figcaption></figure> Ban gari ʒaamani Musulinsi tooni kpaŋsila Musulinima siyaasa kamani "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muslim_Brotherhood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muslim Brotherhood (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Muslim Brotherhood</a>" ni paati shɛŋa din pahi Arab yaɣili,<a href="#cite_note-212">[206]</a><a href="#cite_note-213">[207]</a> ka di tum viɛnyɛla piibu piibu nyaaŋa kamani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_Spring&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab Spring (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Arab Spring</a>,<a href="#cite_note-214">[208]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamaat-e-Islami&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamaat-e-Islami (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Jamaat-e-Islami</a> din be South Asia mini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Justice_and_Development_Party_(Turkey)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Justice and Development Party (Turkey) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">AK Party</a>, ka tahi vuhim na Turkey yuun gbaliŋ. <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> tiŋbani ni, nyɛla ban bo naa ʒili Musulinsi adiini tiŋgbani shɛli ni. Ban pahi kamani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rashid_Rida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rashid Rida (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sayyid Rashid Rida</a> birigila adiini ʒaamani zalisi<a href="#cite_note-215">[209]</a> ka saɣiritiri o ni boli shɛ "Western influence".<a href="#cite_note-216">[210]</a> Laɣingu din nyɛ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant</a> nyɛla ban yɛn mɔ n-nam saha ŋɔ salima liɣiri ka di niŋ bɛ liɣiri.<a href="#cite_note-217">[211]</a> Musulinsi siyaasa laɣinsi nyaaŋa, 20th century saha Turkey, linjimanima daa ŋmerimi ni bɛ yiɣisi gɔmnantinima ban nyɛ Musulunima, lala n-nyɛli ka di daa lahi niŋ Tunisia.<a href="#cite_note-218">[212]</a><a href="#cite_note-219">[213]</a> Saudi Arabia tiŋgbani ni, tiŋgbani maa adiini sɔŋsikm daa nyɛla yini<a href="#cite_note-220">[214]</a> ka, Egypt tiŋgbani ni, tiŋgbani maa zaa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Azhar_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Azhar University (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Al-Azhar University</a>, din daa na nyɛ tiŋgbani maa kukoli di ʒi di gama zuɣu lihibu.<a href="#cite_note-221">[215]</a> Salafism daa pilila Middle East.<a href="#cite_note-222">[216]</a> Saudi Arabia daa niŋdila kampee tuhiri "revolutionary Islamist movements" din daa be Middle East, zaŋ dalim Iran.<a href="#cite_note-223">[217]</a> Musulunima ni daa bi galisi zuliya shɛŋa ni daa nyɛla bɛ ni kuri shɛba.<a href="#cite_note-224">[218]</a> Ban daa be di tooni n-daa nyɛ tiŋbihi ban daa mali kpeŋ kamani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khmer_Rouge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khmer Rouge (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Khmer Rouge</a>, ban da nyɛ ka bɛ nyɛ bɛ dimba ka di daliri nyɛla bɛ daa adiini nyɛla din che ka bɛ yi bɛ ko ka che salo maa zaa,<a href="#cite_note-225">[219]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinese_Communist_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chinese Communist Party (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Chinese Communist Party</a> din be <a href="/w/index.php?title=Xinjiang_internment_camps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xinjiang internment camps (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Xinjiang</a><a href="#cite_note-226">[220]</a> ni tiŋgbani yahinima kamani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bosnian_genocide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bosnian genocide (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Bosnian genocide</a> saha.<a href="#cite_note-227">[221]</a> Myanmar linjimanima <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tatmadaw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tatmadaw (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tatmadaw</a> miricho <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohingya_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rohingya people (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Rohingya Muslims</a> daa nyɛla bibiɛlim zaŋ ti ninsalisili, UN mini Amnesty International zalisi ni,<a href="#cite_note-228">[222]</a><a href="#cite_note-229">[223]</a> ka <a href="/w/index.php?title=Office_of_the_United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Human_Rights&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">OHCHR</a> Fact-Finding Mission daa nya ka <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohingya_genocide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rohingya genocide (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">genocide</a>, ethnic cleansing, ni din pahi pahi gba nyɛ bibiɛlim zaŋ ti ninsalisili.<a href="#cite_note-230">[224]</a> Ninneesim zaŋ kana lahabali wuligibu toontibo ni nyɛla din wuligi adiini baŋsim pam. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hijab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hijab (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Hijab</a> zaŋ ku bukaata nyɛla din niŋ bayana<a href="#cite_note-231">[225]</a> ka Musulunsi adiini baŋdiba shɛba mori ni bɛ waligi Musulunsi adiini dihitabilinima ka che kaya ni taɣada.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENigosian200441-232">[226]</a> Zuliya shɛŋa ni, lala lahabali ŋɔ wuligibu nyɛla din tahi "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Televangelist&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Televangelist (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">televangelist</a>" waazu niŋdiba na, kamani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amr_Khaled&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amr Khaled (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Amr Khaled</a>.<a href="#cite_note-233">[227]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito2010263-234">[228]</a> Sokam tɛha ni Musulunsi adiini<a href="#cite_note-235">[229]</a> daa tooi zooi la "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberal_Muslims&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberal Muslims (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Liberal Muslims</a>" ban daa mo di bɛ zaŋ adiini kaya ni taɣada dolisi gɔmnanti tali,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito2004118–119,_179-236">[230]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERippin2001288-237">[231]</a> so'chibi shɛli niriba shɛba ni daa bi saɣitishɛli.<a href="#cite_note-238">[232]</a><a href="#cite_note-239">[233]</a> <a href="#cite_note-240">[234]</a> <a href="#cite_note-241">[235]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Demographics" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Demographics">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muslim_world&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muslim world (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Muslim world</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ummah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ummah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ummah</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_by_country&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam by country (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Islam by country</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muslim_population_growth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muslim population growth (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Muslim population growth</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:MuslimWorldDemographics2022.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/MuslimWorldDemographics2022.png/300px-MuslimWorldDemographics2022.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/MuslimWorldDemographics2022.png/450px-MuslimWorldDemographics2022.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/MuslimWorldDemographics2022.png/600px-MuslimWorldDemographics2022.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1314" /></a><figcaption>Muslim distribution worldwide, based on latest available data<a href="#cite_note-242">[236]</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Islam_percent_population_in_each_nation_World_Map_Muslim_data_by_Pew_Research.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Islam_percent_population_in_each_nation_World_Map_Muslim_data_by_Pew_Research.svg/300px-Islam_percent_population_in_each_nation_World_Map_Muslim_data_by_Pew_Research.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Islam_percent_population_in_each_nation_World_Map_Muslim_data_by_Pew_Research.svg/450px-Islam_percent_population_in_each_nation_World_Map_Muslim_data_by_Pew_Research.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Islam_percent_population_in_each_nation_World_Map_Muslim_data_by_Pew_Research.svg/600px-Islam_percent_population_in_each_nation_World_Map_Muslim_data_by_Pew_Research.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="863" data-file-height="443" /></a><figcaption>World percentage of Muslims by country </figcaption></figure> Zaŋ kana yuuni 2020, kamani vaabu 24% duniaa daadabiɛlim kalibu puuni, bee kamani niriba 1.9 billion, n-daa nyɛ Musulinima.<a href="#cite_note-pewresearch.orgReligion-243">[237]</a><a href="#cite_note-www.pewresearch.org-2022-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-244">[238]</a><a href="#cite_note-245">[239]</a><a href="#cite_note-246">[240]</a><a href="#cite_note-247">[241]</a> Yuuni 1900, lala buɣisibu ŋɔ daa nyɛla vaabu 12.3%,<a href="#cite_note-248">[242]</a> yuuni 1990 di daa nyɛla vaabu 19.9%<a href="#cite_note-Pew_Research_Center-2011-210">[204]</a> ka bɛ daa buɣisi ni tooni ha di ni tooi paai vaabu 29.7% zaŋ chaŋ yuuni 2050.<a href="#cite_note-pew2015-249">[243]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pew_Research_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pew Research Center (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Pew Research Center</a> daa buɣisiya ni musulinima vaabu 87–90% n-nyɛ Sunni ka vaabu 10–13% nyɛ Shia.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPew_Forum_for_Religion_&_Public_Life20091-250">[244]</a> Kamani 49 countries nyɛla Musulinima galisim,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPew_Forum_for_Religion_&_Public_Life200911-251">[245]</a><a href="#cite_note-252">[246]</a><a href="#cite_note-253">[247]</a><a href="#cite_note-254">[248]</a><a href="#cite_note-255">[249]</a><a href="#cite_note-256">[250]</a> ka vaabu 62% dunia Musulinima be Asia, ka 683 million be <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Indonesia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam in Indonesia (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Indonesia</a>,<a href="#cite_note-257">[251]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Pakistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam in Pakistan (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Pakistan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_India&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam in India (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">India</a>, ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Bangladesh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam in Bangladesh (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Bangladesh</a> ko.<a href="#cite_note-258">[252]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPew_Forum_for_Religion_&_Public_Life200915,_17-259">[253]</a><a href="#cite_note-260">[254]</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_Muslims&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab Muslims (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Arab Musulinima</a> n-nyɛ ban galisi pam dunia,<a href="#cite_note-261">[255]</a> ka ban paya nyɛ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_Muslims&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bengali Muslims (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Bengalis</a><a href="#cite_note-262">[256]</a><a href="#cite_note-263">[257]</a> ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Punjabi_Muslims&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Punjabi Muslims (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Punjabis</a>.<a href="#cite_note-264">[258]</a> Buɣisibu nima pam wuhiya ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_China&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam in China (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">China</a> mali kamani Musulinima 20 zaŋ chaŋ 30 million (1.5% zaŋ chaŋ 2% bɛ daadam biɛlim puuni).<a href="#cite_note-265">[259]</a><a href="#cite_note-266">[260]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Europe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam in Europe (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Europe</a> Musulinsi n-nyɛ adiini din galisi pahi buyi Dolodolo nuu yi yi tiŋgbana pam ni, ka daa zooi pam yuuni 2005,<a href="#cite_note-267">[261]</a> ka pahi vaabu 4.9% Europe daadamnima ni yuuni 2016.<a href="#cite_note-268">[262]</a> Ban dolisiri kpɛri Musulinsi adiini ni dii bi pahiri adiini ŋɔ ni, dama baŋdiba buɣisiya ni ban kperi dini mini ban yiri nyɛla yim."<a href="#cite_note-269">[263]</a> Amaa di ni tooi niŋ ka niriba 3 million yi bɛ adiini nima ni n-kpe Musulinsi adiini ni zaŋ chaŋ yuuni 2010 ni 2050, ka di pam yɛn nyɛla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sub_Saharan_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sub Saharan Africa (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sub Saharan Africa</a> (2.9 million).<a href="#cite_note-270">[264]</a><a href="#cite_note-271">[265]</a>Lahabali din yina <a href="/w/index.php?title=CNN&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CNN (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">CNN</a> nima sani wuhiya ni, "Musulinsi adiini nyɛla niriba yaɣayaɣa ni kperi shɛli ni, ban yi polo pam n-nyɛ "African-Americans".<a href="#cite_note-272">[266]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Britain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam in Britain (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Britain</a> tiŋgbani ni, kamani niriba tusaa ayɔbu n-kperi Musulinsi adiini ni yuuni kam, lahabali din yina British Muslims Monthly Survey ni wuhi shɛm, Ban daa kperi Musulinsi adiini pam Britain tiŋgbani ni daa nyɛla paɣaba.<a href="#cite_note-273">[267]</a> "The Huffington Post" ni wuhi shɛm, "Ni ban ti li zaɣa wuhiya ni niriba 20,000 America n-dolisiri kperi Musulinsi adiini ni yuuni kam", ka bɛ pam nyɛ paɣaba mini <a href="/w/index.php?title=African-American_Muslims&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African-American Muslims (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">African-Americans</a>.<a href="#cite_note-274">[268]</a><a href="#cite_note-275">[269]</a> Di kalinli ni, Musulinsi adiini n-nyɛ adiini din zoori yomyom, ka ni tooi niŋ adiini din galisi pɔi ka 21st century naan yi naai, n-gari Dolodolo adiini.<a href="#cite_note-276">[270]</a><a href="#cite_note-pew20152-277">[271]</a> Di buɣisiya ni, zaŋ chaŋ yuuni 2050, ni Musulinima kalinli ni tooi miri Dolodolonima ban be dunia, "ka di nyɛla Musunima ni dɔɣiri shɛm zuɣu."<a href="#cite_note-pew20152-277">[271]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Main_branches_or_denominations">Main branches or denominations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Main branches or denominations" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Main branches or denominations">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_schools_and_branches&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic schools and branches (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Islamic schools and branches § Main branches or denominations</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shia%E2%80%93Sunni_relations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shia–Sunni relations (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Shia–Sunni relations</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sunni">Sunni</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Sunni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Sunni">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunni_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sunni Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sunni Islam</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Sahih_Al-Bukhari_in_English.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Sahih_Al-Bukhari_in_English.png/220px-Sahih_Al-Bukhari_in_English.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Sahih_Al-Bukhari_in_English.png/330px-Sahih_Al-Bukhari_in_English.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Sahih_Al-Bukhari_in_English.png/440px-Sahih_Al-Bukhari_in_English.png 2x" data-file-width="908" data-file-height="835" /></a><figcaption>The nine volumes of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sahih_Al-Bukhari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sahih Al-Bukhari (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sahih Al-Bukhari</a>, one of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Kutub_Al-Sittah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Kutub Al-Sittah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">six Sunni hadith books</a></figcaption></figure> Sunni Musulinsi, bee Sunnism, n-nyɛ Musulinsin adiini pubu yaɣili din galisi pam.<a href="#cite_note-278">[272]</a><a href="#cite_note-279">[273]</a><a href="#cite_note-280">[274]</a> Lala bachi ŋɔ nyɛla bachi din nyɛ "ahl as-sunna wa'l-jamaat" zaɣ'ŋmaa,ka di gbunni nyɛ "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunnah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sunnah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">sunna</a> niriba (Muhammad tuuntumsa) ni mabiligu".<a href="#cite_note-281">[275]</a> Sunni Musulinsi adiini nyɛla bɛ ni booni shɛli saha shɛŋa "orthodox Islam",<a href="#cite_note-282">[276]</a><a href="#cite_note-283">[277]</a><a href="#cite_note-284">[278]</a> amaa baŋdiba shɛba bi saɣiti li, ka ban pa Sunni nima pam ni tooi nyɛ ka di nyɛ taali.<a href="#cite_note-285">[279]</a> Sunni nima, bee saha shɛŋa "Sunnites", ni tuuli "caliphs" niriba anahi n-daa nyɛ ban zani Muhammad zaai ka zaŋ di shɛhira dalim hadiisi nima dibaa ayɔbu, ka doli di puuni yini: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hanafi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hanafi (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Hanafi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hanbali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hanbali (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Hanbali</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maliki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maliki (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Maliki</a> bee <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shafi%27i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shafi'i (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Shafi'i</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Lexico-286">[280]</a><a href="#cite_note-287">[281]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shia">Shia</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Shia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: Shia">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shia_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shia Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Shia Islam</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Nahj_al-Balagha.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Nahj_al-Balagha.jpg/220px-Nahj_al-Balagha.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Nahj_al-Balagha.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nahj_al-balagha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nahj al-balagha (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Nahj al-balagha</a>, collection of sermons, letters, and sayings attributed to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Imam Ali</a>.</figcaption></figure> Shia Islam, bee Shi'ism, n-nyɛ Musulinsi adiini din galisin pahi buyi Musulinsi adiini pubu ni.<a href="#cite_note-288">[282]</a><a href="#cite_note-289">[283]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPew_Forum_for_Religion_&_Public_Life20091-250">[244]</a> Shias, bee Shiites, za mi ni Muhammad fa'diriba ban nyɛ toondaannima nyƐla ban yina Muhammad daŋ ni bɛ ni boli shɛba <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahl_al-Bayt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahl al-Bayt (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ahl al-Bayt</a> ni lala kpamba, bɛ ni boli shɛba "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Imamate_in_Shia_doctrine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imamate in Shia doctrine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Imams</a>", nyɛla ban mali tabiibi.<a href="#cite_note-290">[284]</a><a href="#cite_note-291">[285]</a> Shias nyɛla ban doli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ja%27fari_school&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ja'fari school (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ja'fari school of jurisprudence</a>.<a href="#cite_note-292">[286]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r61629/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:718px;max-width:718px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:219px;max-width:219px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Imam_Ali_shrine_-_1_May_2015_19.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Imam_Ali_shrine_-_1_May_2015_19.jpg/217px-Imam_Ali_shrine_-_1_May_2015_19.jpg" decoding="async" width="217" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Imam_Ali_shrine_-_1_May_2015_19.jpg/326px-Imam_Ali_shrine_-_1_May_2015_19.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Imam_Ali_shrine_-_1_May_2015_19.jpg/434px-Imam_Ali_shrine_-_1_May_2015_19.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="489" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imam_Ali_Shrine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imam Ali Shrine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Imam Ali Shrine</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Najaf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Najaf (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Najaf</a>, the third holiest place for Shia Muslims after Mecca and Medina.</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86.jpg/200px-%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86.jpg/300px-%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86.jpg/400px-%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5074" data-file-height="3382" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imam_Hussein_Shrine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imam Hussein Shrine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Imam Hussein Shrine</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karbala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karbala (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Karbala</a>, a holy site for Shia Muslims.</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:291px;max-width:291px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:ImamReza(A).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/ImamReza%28A%29.jpg/289px-ImamReza%28A%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="289" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/ImamReza%28A%29.jpg/434px-ImamReza%28A%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/ImamReza%28A%29.jpg/578px-ImamReza%28A%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="552" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imam_Reza_shrine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imam Reza shrine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Imam Reza shrine</a>, the world's largest mosque, in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mashhad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mashhad (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mashhad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>. 25 million Shias visiting the shrine each year.</div></div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Muhakkima">Muhakkima</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Muhakkima" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: Muhakkima">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhakkima&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhakkima (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Muhakkima</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibadi_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibadi Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ibadi Islam</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kharijites&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kharijites (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Kharijites</a></div> Ban doli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibadi_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibadi Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ibadi Islam</a> bee <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibadism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibadism (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ibadism</a> paai kamani Musulinima 1.45 million dunia yaɣa zaa (~0.08% Musulinima), ka bɛ pam be <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a>.<a href="#cite_note-293">[287]</a> Ibadism nyɛla bɛ ni lihi shɛili ka di nyɛ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kharijites&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kharijites (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">kharijites</a> balishɛli, amaa Ibadis maŋmaŋa bɛ saɣiti lala yɛltɔɣa ŋɔ. Kharijites daa nyɛla ninvuɣi shɛba ban ni gaaba ni Caliph Ali ni o ni daa saɣiti ninvuɣi so bɛ ni daa dihitabili ni o tumdila taya ni bɛ bɔ maligu taba sunsuuni.Kamani kharijite pubu pa, Ibadism bɛ kali ninvuɣ'shɛba ban tumdi taya pahi ban bi ti yarida ni. Ibadi hadiisi, kamani<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jami_Sahih&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jami Sahih (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Jami Sahih</a> lahabali, malila ban daa daŋna ha yɛltɔɣa n-tumdi tuma, amaa Ibadi hadiisinima pam gba nyɛla din be Sunni lahabaya din zani di naba zuɣu ni ka Ibadis tooi saɣiritiri lala Sunni lahabaya ŋɔ.<a href="#cite_note-294">[288]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Islam_branches_and_schools..png" class="mw-file-description" title="An overview of the major sects and madhahib of Islam"><img alt="An overview of the major sects and madhahib of Islam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/Islam_branches_and_schools..png" decoding="async" width="698" height="448" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="698" data-file-height="448" /></a><figcaption>An overview of the major sects and madhahib of Islam</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_denominations">Other denominations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Other denominations" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section's source code: Other denominations">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <ul><li>"<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmadiyya_Movement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmadiyya Movement (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ahmadiyya Movement</a>" daa kpala British India yuuni 1889 ka ŋun daa kpali nyɛ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirza_Ghulam_Ahmad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mirza Ghulam Ahmad</a> ŋun yina <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qadian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qadian (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Qadian</a>, ŋun daa yɛli ni o nyɛla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Messiah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Messiah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Messiah</a> so yɛla bɛ ni yɛli ("<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jesus_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jesus in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Christ</a> buyi labbu na ni"), Musulinima daa gulila <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahdi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mahdi (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mahdi</a> n-ti tabili <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prophethood_(Ahmadiyya)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prophethood (Ahmadiyya) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">"subordinate" prophet</a> zaŋ ti Musulinsi adiini toondana Muhammad (S.W.A).<a href="#cite_note-Upal_2021-295">[289]</a><a href="#cite_note-Turner_2003-296">[290]</a> Dihitabili balibbu beni ni Ahmadis wuhibu zaŋ maɣisi Musulinsi adiininima din pahi,<a href="#cite_note-Upal_2021-295">[289]</a><a href="#cite_note-Drover_2020-297">[291]</a><a href="#cite_note-298">[292]</a><a href="#cite_note-Turner_2003-296">[290]</a> n-ti tabili kahigibu ni Quranic yɛltɔga kpani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khatam_an-Nabiyyin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khatam an-Nabiyyin (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Khatam an-Nabiyyin</a><a href="#cite_note-299">[293]</a> ni Anabi yisa labbu na din pahiri buyi ("<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jesus_in_Ahmadiyya_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jesus in Ahmadiyya Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Messiah's Second Coming</a>").<a href="#cite_note-Drover_2020-297">[291]</a><a href="#cite_note-300">[294]</a> Musulinima shɛba nyɛla ban zaɣisi li<a href="#cite_note-301">[295]</a> ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Persecution_of_Ahmadis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Persecution of Ahmadis (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ahmadis</a> shɛba kubu tiŋgbani shɛŋa ni,<a href="#cite_note-Drover_2020-297">[291]</a> di bahi bahindi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmadiyya_in_Pakistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmadiyya in Pakistan (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Pakistan</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Drover_2020-297">[291]</a><a href="#cite_note-302">[296]</a> luɣ'shɛli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Government_of_Pakistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Government of Pakistan (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Pakistan</a> gɔ~mnanti ni yɛli ni bɛ pala Musulinima.<a href="#cite_note-303">[297]</a> Ban doli Ahmadiyya Movement Musulinsi adiini puuni pula buyi: Tuuli dini n-nyɛ "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmadiyya_Muslim_Community&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmadiyya Muslim Community (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ahmadiyya Muslim Community</a>", din na galisi saha ŋɔ ni, ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lahore_Ahmadiyya_Movement_for_the_Propagation_of_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement for the Propagation of Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement for the Propagation of Islam</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Drover_2020-297">[291]</a></li></ul> <ul><li>"<a href="/w/index.php?title=Alevism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alevism (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Alevism</a>" nyɛla "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Syncretism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Syncretism (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">syncretic</a>" ni "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Heterodoxy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heterodoxy (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">heterodox</a>" Musulinsi adiini kali, ban doli (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Batin_(Islam)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batin (Islam) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">bāṭenī</a>) baŋsibu zaŋ chaŋ Ali mini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haji_Bektash_Veli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haji Bektash Veli (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Haji Bektash Veli</a>.<a href="#cite_note-304">[298]</a> Alevism nyɛla 14th century Turkish ni dihi shɛli tabili taba laɣimbu.<a href="#cite_note-305">[299]</a> Buɣisibu buɣisiya ni 10 million zaŋ chaŋ 20 million (~0.5–1% Musulinima zaa puuni) n-nyɛ Alevis duniya zaa.<a href="#cite_note-306">[300]</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quranism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quranism (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Quranism</a> nyɛla Musulinsi adiini laɣingu yaɣ'shɛli ka di wuhiri ni Musulinsi adiini zalisi mini di baŋsibu tu ni di tam <a href="/wiki/Quran" class="mw-redirect" title="Quran">Quran</a> zuɣu ka di pa ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunnah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sunnah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">sunnah</a> bee <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hadith (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Hadith</a>,<a href="#cite_note-307">[301]</a> ni Alikuraani baŋdiba baŋsibu zaŋ chaŋ Musulinsi adiini daantalisi anu la ni.<a href="#cite_note-308">[302]</a> Lala laɣingu ŋɔ pili la 19th century zaŋ kana, ni ban tɛhiri kamani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Syed_Ahmad_Khan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Syed Ahmad Khan (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Syed Ahmad Khan</a>, Abdullah Chakralawi ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghulam_Ahmed_Perwez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghulam Ahmed Perwez (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ghulam Ahmed Perwez</a> ŋun be India m-bɔhiri hadiisi pilli.<a href="#cite_note-309">[303]</a> Egypt tiŋgbani ni, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Tawfiq_Sidqi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad Tawfiq Sidqi (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Muhammad Tawfiq Sidqi</a> sabila lahabali din nyɛ "Islam is the Quran alone" <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Man%C4%81r_(magazine)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Manār (magazine) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Al-Manār</a> lahabali ni, ka ŋme nangbankpeeni ni Quran konko zaŋ tumtuma.<a href="#cite_note-310">[304]</a> 20th century bahigu Quran baŋda <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rashad_Khalifa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rashad Khalifa (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Rashad Khalifa</a>, Egyptian-American baŋdi ŋun yɛli ni o daa yimina ni "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Numerology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Numerology (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">numerological</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Quran_code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quran code (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">code in the Quran</a>", ka kpa Quran baŋdiba laɣingu <a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Submitters_International&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Submitters International (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">United Submitters International</a>.<a href="#cite_note-311">[305]</a></li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61629/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:718px;max-width:718px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:219px;max-width:219px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Imam_Ali_shrine_-_1_May_2015_19.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Imam_Ali_shrine_-_1_May_2015_19.jpg/217px-Imam_Ali_shrine_-_1_May_2015_19.jpg" decoding="async" width="217" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Imam_Ali_shrine_-_1_May_2015_19.jpg/326px-Imam_Ali_shrine_-_1_May_2015_19.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Imam_Ali_shrine_-_1_May_2015_19.jpg/434px-Imam_Ali_shrine_-_1_May_2015_19.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="489" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imam_Ali_Shrine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imam Ali Shrine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Imam Ali Shrine</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Najaf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Najaf (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Najaf</a>, the third holiest place for Shia Muslims after Mecca and Medina.</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86.jpg/200px-%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86.jpg/300px-%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86.jpg/400px-%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5074" data-file-height="3382" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imam_Hussein_Shrine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imam Hussein Shrine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Imam Hussein Shrine</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karbala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karbala (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Karbala</a>, a holy site for Shia Muslims.</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:291px;max-width:291px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:ImamReza(A).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/ImamReza%28A%29.jpg/289px-ImamReza%28A%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="289" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/ImamReza%28A%29.jpg/434px-ImamReza%28A%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/ImamReza%28A%29.jpg/578px-ImamReza%28A%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="552" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imam_Reza_shrine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imam Reza shrine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Imam Reza shrine</a>, the world's largest mosque, in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mashhad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mashhad (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mashhad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>. 25 million Shias visiting the shrine each year.</div></div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Law_and_jurisprudence">Law and jurisprudence</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Law and jurisprudence" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section's source code: Law and jurisprudence">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sharia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sharia (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sharia</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiqh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fiqh (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Fiqh</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Logic_in_Islamic_philosophy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Logic in Islamic philosophy (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Logic in Islamic philosophy § Islamic law and theology</a></div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sharia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sharia (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sharia</a> n-nyɛ adiini zaligu din pahi nam Musulunsi kaya ni taɣa.<a href="#cite_note-Lexico2-312">[306]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito2002b17,_111–112,_118-313">[307]</a> Di yimina Musulunsi adiini puuni, di bahi bahindi Quran mini Hadith. Larigu ni, bachi din nyɛ sharīʿah zanimi ti Naawuni ni bɔri zali shɛli ka di gabiri ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiqh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fiqh (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">fiqh</a>, din zani ti di baŋsibu tɔnyɛligi.<a href="#cite_note-ODI-314">[308]</a><a href="#cite_note-vikor-315">[309]</a> Bɛ ni mali li tumdi tuma ʒaamani ŋɔ nyɛla din tahiri nangbankpeeni na nadaa Musulinima mini ban niŋdi taɣibunima.<a href="#cite_note-Lexico2-312">[306]</a> Nadaaha lahabali din jendi zalisi gbubila sharia ni yi luɣ'shɛŋa na yaɣa dibaa anahi: dini n-nyɛ Quran, sunnah (Hadith ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prophetic_biography&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prophetic biography (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sira</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qiyas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qiyas (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">qiyas</a>, n-ti pahi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ijma (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ijma</a>.<a href="#cite_note-316">[310]</a> Shikuruti pam kpuɣila sochibisi balibu ni di yihi sharia zalisi kundunima ni ka di nyɛla bɛ yɛn dolila so shɛli bɛ ni boli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijtihad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ijtihad (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ijtihad</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ODI-314">[308]</a> Nadaa zalisi gbubila yaɣa dibaa ayi,<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibadah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibadah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ʿibādāt</a> (rituals) mini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muamalat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muamalat (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">muʿāmalāt</a> (social relations), ka di laɣim taba gbubi yaɣa pam.<a href="#cite_note-ODI-314">[308]</a> Di tuma chaŋmi ti gbaai pubu dibaa anu la puuni yini, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahkam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahkam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ahkam</a>: "mandatory" (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fard (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">fard</a>), "recommended" (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustahabb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mustahabb (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">mustahabb</a>), "permitted" (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mubah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mubah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">mubah</a>), "abhorred" (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Makruh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Makruh (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">makruh</a>), "prohibited" (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haram&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haram (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">haram</a>).<a href="#cite_note-ODI-314">[308]</a><a href="#cite_note-vikor-315">[309]</a> Champaŋ nyɛla Musulinsi ni kpaŋsi shɛli<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeaman2006[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidisDgI0-0Ip4CpgPA214_214]-317">[311]</a> ka tibidarigibo niŋ talahi ti taali tumdiba ni bɛ ni tum taali maa shɛm tariga.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENigosian2004[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidmy7hnALd_NkCpgPA116_116]-318">[312]</a> Sharia shɛŋa chanimi kperi "Western notion of law" ni ka di shɛŋa mi chanmi doli Naawuni ni bɔri shɛli biɛhigu ni.<a href="#cite_note-vikor-315">[309]</a> <a href="#cite_note-319">[313]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Schools_of_jurisprudence">Schools of jurisprudence</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Schools of jurisprudence" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section's source code: Schools of jurisprudence">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Madhhab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Madhhab (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Madhhab</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Madhhab_Map3.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Madhhab_Map3.png/220px-Madhhab_Map3.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Madhhab_Map3.png/330px-Madhhab_Map3.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Madhhab_Map3.png/440px-Madhhab_Map3.png 2x" data-file-width="8000" data-file-height="3882" /></a><figcaption>Islamic <a href="/w/index.php?title=Madh%27hab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Madh'hab (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">schools of law</a> in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muslim_world&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muslim world (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Muslim world</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Society">Society</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Society" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section's source code: Society">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Daily_and_family_life">Daily and family life</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Daily and family life" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section's source code: Daily and family life">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adab_(Islam)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adab (Islam) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Adab (Islam)</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_dietary_laws&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic dietary laws (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Islamic dietary laws</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_and_children&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam and children (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Islam and children</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marriage_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marriage in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Marriage in Islam</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Women_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Women in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Women in Islam</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Polygyny_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polygyny in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Polygyny in Islam</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Salat_Eid_al-Fitr,_Tehran_(113344343).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Salat_Eid_al-Fitr%2C_Tehran_%28113344343%29.jpg/220px-Salat_Eid_al-Fitr%2C_Tehran_%28113344343%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Salat_Eid_al-Fitr%2C_Tehran_%28113344343%29.jpg/330px-Salat_Eid_al-Fitr%2C_Tehran_%28113344343%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Salat_Eid_al-Fitr%2C_Tehran_%28113344343%29.jpg/440px-Salat_Eid_al-Fitr%2C_Tehran_%28113344343%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="479" data-file-height="392" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hijab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hijab (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Islamic veils</a> represent <a href="/w/index.php?title=Morality_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Morality in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">modesty</a></figcaption></figure> Dakulo pam tuma chaŋmi n-ti lu n-zahim adab, bee "etiquette". Bindiri shɛŋa din chihiri n-nyɛ kurichu nimdi, ʒim mini binkpiŋ nimdi. Alaafee nyɛla bɛ ni nyɛ ka shɛli nyɛ dihitabili din yina Naawuni sani, kamani daam binnyura nyɛla din chihira.<a href="#cite_note-320">[314]</a> Nimdi kam tum ni di yina nimadi din dibu bi chihiri ni ka bɛ lahi kɔrigili ni Naawuni yuli, Jew, be Doldolo, gbaai yihi tɔhigu dini bee zahim din gbahi kuliga ni.<a href="#cite_note-321">[315]</a><a href="#cite_note-322">[316]</a><a href="#cite_note-323">[317]</a> Kɔbiri nyɛla bɛ ni kpaŋsiri shɛli dobba ni<a href="#cite_note-324">[318]</a> ni ningbuna malibu, kamani dalima din ka nyahibu sabi pa ningbuna zuɣunyɛla bɛ ni mɔŋ shɛli.<a href="#cite_note-326">[lower-alpha 3]</a><a href="#cite_note-327">[320]</a> "Silk" mini salima nyɛla bɛ ni mɔŋ Musulinsi adiini dobba ni bɛ zaŋ niŋ bɛ maŋa.<a href="#cite_note-328">[321]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haya_(Islam)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haya (Islam) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Haya</a>, ka bɛ tooi lɛbigiri di gbunni "vi" bee "gahimbu", nyɛla bɛ ni kpaŋsi ni Musulimi mali shɛli<a href="#cite_note-329">[322]</a> ka wuhiri Musulimi biɛɣu kulo kam biɛhigu. Kamani shɛhira, nema yɛbu Musulinsi adiini ni tumi ni di gahim, din nima n-nyɛ "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hijab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hijab (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">hijab</a>" zaŋ ti paɣaba. Lala n-lahi nyɛli, ninsalisili sabita gba nyɛla bɛ ni kpaŋsi shɛli.<a href="#cite_note-330">[323]</a> Yɛlimaŋ'tibo ni adiininima din pahi (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasamuh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tasamuh (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">tasamuh</a>) nyɛla Sunni Musulinsi mabiligu ni saɣiti shɛli.<a href="#cite_note-usm1-331">[324]</a><a href="#cite_note-mw1-332">[325]</a><a href="#cite_note-ahcm-333">[326]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Muslim_Couple_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Muslim_Couple_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Muslim_Couple_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Muslim_Couple_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Muslim_Couple_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Muslim_Couple_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Muslim_Couple_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="519" data-file-height="616" /></a><figcaption>A Muslim couple</figcaption></figure> Musulinsi amiliya niŋbu ni, doo maa tumi ni o yo asadaachi (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mahr (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">mahr</a>).<a href="#cite_note-334">[327]</a><a href="#cite_note-335">[328]</a><a href="#cite_note-336">[329]</a> Musulinima pam mali paɣa yini yini.<a href="#cite_note-337">[330]</a><a href="#cite_note-338">[331]</a> Musulim dobaa ni tooi mali paɣa bɔbigu kani doo bɔ paɣa paai anahi. Musulinsi kpaŋsiya ni doo yi ku tooi tum adalich o paɣaba sunsuuni, ni din ŋuna ŋun bɔm paɣa yini. Di daliri shɛli nyɛla ni doo yi bo paɣaba pam o ni tooi sɔŋ ban ku tooi nyaŋ kamani liɣiri polo (e.g. pakoya). Amaa, paɣa tuuli mini o yidana ni tooi gbaai ni o bi lahi yɛn bo paɣa pahi.<a href="#cite_note-339">[332]</a><a href="#cite_note-340">[333]</a> Amiliya niŋbu lahi mali balibu zaŋ chaŋ taɣada nima ni.<a href="#cite_note-341">[334]</a> Musulinsi adiini bi saɣiti ni paɣa mali yidaannima pam.<a href="#cite_note-342">[335]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:%D8%B9%DA%A9%D8%B3_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%84_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A1_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AA_%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A2%D9%86_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%85_%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%85%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1_%D9%82%D9%85_20.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/%D8%B9%DA%A9%D8%B3_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%84_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A1_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AA_%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A2%D9%86_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%85_%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%85%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1_%D9%82%D9%85_20.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/%D8%B9%DA%A9%D8%B3_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%84_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A1_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AA_%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A2%D9%86_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%85_%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%85%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1_%D9%82%D9%85_20.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/%D8%B9%DA%A9%D8%B3_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%84_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A1_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AA_%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A2%D9%86_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%85_%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%85%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1_%D9%82%D9%85_20.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Shia" title="Shia">Shia</a> Muslim girls studying the <a href="/wiki/Quran" class="mw-redirect" title="Quran">Quran</a> placed atop folding <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lectern&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lectern (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">lecterns</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rehal_(book_rest)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rehal (book rest) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">rehal</a>) during <a href="/wiki/Ramadan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramadan">Ramadan</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qom (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Qom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></figcaption></figure> Bɛ yi dɔɣi bia naai, bɛ moonil la jiŋli n-niŋ o nudirigu ni ka yiɣisi jiŋli n-niŋ o nuzaa ni.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECampo2009106-343">[336]</a> Dabaa ayopɔin dali, ka bɛ niŋ suuna, ka bɛ kɔrigi binkɔbigu ka piri o nimdi tari ban bi nyanda.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENigosian2004[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidmy7hnALd_NkCpgPA120_120]-344">[337]</a> Bɛ pindila bia maa zuɣ, ka bɔ zabiri maa liɣiri ti ban ka yi ko.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENigosian2004[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidmy7hnALd_NkCpgPA120_120]-344">[337]</a> Do gunibu, bɛ ni boli shɛli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khitan_(circumcision)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khitan (circumcision) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">khitan</a>,<a href="#cite_note-345">[338]</a> nyɛla Musulinima ni niŋdi shɛli.<a href="#cite_note-346">[339]</a><a href="#cite_note-347">[340]</a> Daadam laamba jilima tibu, ka lahi yuuniba viɛnyɛla nyɛa jama.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECampo2009136-348">[341]</a> Bɛ kpaŋsiya ni Musulimi yi yɛn kpi ka o yɛli Shahada o yɛltɔga bahigu.<a href="#cite_note-349">[342]</a> Ku'yiya chandi nyɛla bɛ ni tibigi shɛli. Kpim sɔɣibu Musulinsi adiini ni, di ku tu ni nira yi kuli kpi ka bɛ sɔɣi o yomyom, ka hawa pishi ni anahi zuɣu ni. Bɛ surila kum maa kom, gbaa yihi "martyrs", paɣa surila paɣaba ka dobba suri dobba, ka bɛ niŋ o situra yuli booni kafan.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStefon2010[httpsarchiveorgdetailsislamicbeliefspr0000stefpage83_83]-350">[343]</a> Kum jiŋli yuli booni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salat_al-Janazah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salat al-Janazah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Salat al-Janazah</a> nyɛla bɛ ni puhiri shɛli. Pampam kuhibu bi saɣiti. Bɛ dii bi kpaŋsi kum adakanima ka bi lahi dalindi gbala, hali nanima gba.<a href="#cite_note-351">[344]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arts_and_culture">Arts and culture</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Arts and culture" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section's source code: Arts and culture">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_culture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic culture (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Islamic culture</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_art&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic art (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Islamic art</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_architecture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic architecture (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Islamic architecture</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_literature&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic literature (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Islamic literature</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_association_football&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam in association football (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Islam in association football</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cultural_Muslims&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cultural Muslims (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Cultural Muslims</a></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional left"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Sixty_Dome_Mosque,Bagerhat.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="14th century Sixty Dome Mosque, in Khalifatabad, Bangladesh"><img alt="14th century Sixty Dome Mosque, in Khalifatabad, Bangladesh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Sixty_Dome_Mosque%2CBagerhat.jpg/120px-Sixty_Dome_Mosque%2CBagerhat.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Sixty_Dome_Mosque%2CBagerhat.jpg/180px-Sixty_Dome_Mosque%2CBagerhat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Sixty_Dome_Mosque%2CBagerhat.jpg/240px-Sixty_Dome_Mosque%2CBagerhat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5811" data-file-height="3084" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">14th century <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sixty_Dome_Mosque&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sixty Dome Mosque (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sixty Dome Mosque</a>, in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khalifatabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khalifatabad (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Khalifatabad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Djenne_great_mud_mosque.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Great Mosque of Djenné, in the west African country of Mali"><img alt="Great Mosque of Djenné, in the west African country of Mali" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Djenne_great_mud_mosque.jpg/120px-Djenne_great_mud_mosque.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Djenne_great_mud_mosque.jpg/180px-Djenne_great_mud_mosque.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Djenne_great_mud_mosque.jpg/240px-Djenne_great_mud_mosque.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1362" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_Mosque_of_Djenn%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Great Mosque of Djenné (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Great Mosque of Djenné</a>, in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="West Africa (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">west African</a> country of <a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Closeup_of_Mir-i-Arab_Madrasa.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dome in Po-i-Kalyan, Bukhara, Uzbekistan"><img alt="Dome in Po-i-Kalyan, Bukhara, Uzbekistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Closeup_of_Mir-i-Arab_Madrasa.jpg/120px-Closeup_of_Mir-i-Arab_Madrasa.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Closeup_of_Mir-i-Arab_Madrasa.jpg/180px-Closeup_of_Mir-i-Arab_Madrasa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Closeup_of_Mir-i-Arab_Madrasa.jpg/240px-Closeup_of_Mir-i-Arab_Madrasa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3228" data-file-height="2251" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Dome in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Po-i-Kalyan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Po-i-Kalyan (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Po-i-Kalyan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bukhara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bukhara (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Bukhara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:1_great_mosque_xian_2011.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="14th century Great Mosque of Xi'an in China"><img alt="14th century Great Mosque of Xi'an in China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/1_great_mosque_xian_2011.JPG/120px-1_great_mosque_xian_2011.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/1_great_mosque_xian_2011.JPG/180px-1_great_mosque_xian_2011.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/1_great_mosque_xian_2011.JPG/240px-1_great_mosque_xian_2011.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">14th century <a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_Mosque_of_Xi%27an&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Great Mosque of Xi'an (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Great Mosque of Xi'an</a> in China</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Masjid_Menara_Kudus.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="16th century Menara Kudus Mosque in Indonesia showing Indian influence"><img alt="16th century Menara Kudus Mosque in Indonesia showing Indian influence" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Masjid_Menara_Kudus.jpg/120px-Masjid_Menara_Kudus.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Masjid_Menara_Kudus.jpg/180px-Masjid_Menara_Kudus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Masjid_Menara_Kudus.jpg/240px-Masjid_Menara_Kudus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">16th century <a href="/w/index.php?title=Menara_Kudus_Mosque&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Menara Kudus Mosque (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Menara Kudus Mosque</a> in Indonesia showing Indian influence</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Basmalah-1wm.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="The phrase Bismillah in an 18th-century Islamic calligraphy from the Ottoman region"><img alt="The phrase Bismillah in an 18th-century Islamic calligraphy from the Ottoman region" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Basmalah-1wm.svg/91px-Basmalah-1wm.svg.png" decoding="async" width="91" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Basmalah-1wm.svg/137px-Basmalah-1wm.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Basmalah-1wm.svg/183px-Basmalah-1wm.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="672" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The phrase <a href="/wiki/Basmala" title="Basmala">Bismillah</a> in an 18th-century Islamic calligraphy from the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ottoman_empire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ottoman empire (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ottoman</a> region</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Roof_hafez_tomb.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Geometric arabesque tiling on the underside of the dome of Hafiz Shirazi's tomb in Shiraz, Iran"><img alt="Geometric arabesque tiling on the underside of the dome of Hafiz Shirazi's tomb in Shiraz, Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Roof_hafez_tomb.jpg/120px-Roof_hafez_tomb.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Roof_hafez_tomb.jpg/180px-Roof_hafez_tomb.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Roof_hafez_tomb.jpg/240px-Roof_hafez_tomb.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Geometric arabesque tiling on the underside of the dome of Hafiz Shirazi's tomb in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiraz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shiraz (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Shiraz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Malaika_nima">Malaika nima</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=27" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Malaika nima" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section's source code: Malaika nima">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Rashid_al-Din_Tabib_-_Jami_al-Tawarikh,_f.45v_detail_-_c._1306-15.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Rashid_al-Din_Tabib_-_Jami_al-Tawarikh%2C_f.45v_detail_-_c._1306-15.png/220px-Rashid_al-Din_Tabib_-_Jami_al-Tawarikh%2C_f.45v_detail_-_c._1306-15.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Rashid_al-Din_Tabib_-_Jami_al-Tawarikh%2C_f.45v_detail_-_c._1306-15.png/330px-Rashid_al-Din_Tabib_-_Jami_al-Tawarikh%2C_f.45v_detail_-_c._1306-15.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Rashid_al-Din_Tabib_-_Jami_al-Tawarikh%2C_f.45v_detail_-_c._1306-15.png/440px-Rashid_al-Din_Tabib_-_Jami_al-Tawarikh%2C_f.45v_detail_-_c._1306-15.png 2x" data-file-width="5877" data-file-height="4374" /></a><figcaption>Muhammad receiving his first revelation from the angel Gabriel. From the manuscript <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jami%27_al-Tawarikh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jami' al-Tawarikh (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Jami' al-Tawarikh</a> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rashid-al-Din_Hamadani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rashid-al-Din Hamadani (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Rashid-al-Din Hamadani</a>, 1307.</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Angels_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angels in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Angels in Islam</a></div> Malaika nima (Arabic: ملك‎, malak) nyɛla binnamda shɛŋa yɛltɔɣa bɛ ni yɛlli Alquran <a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurge201523-21">[20]</a> mini hadiisi ni.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurge201579-22">[21]</a> Bɛ nyɛla bɛ buɣirisi shɛba Naawuni ni nam ni bɛ Jam o ka lahi tumdi tun'shɛŋa kamani yɛligu din yina Naawuni sani, sabiri ninsali kam tuma ka deeri ninsali kam nyɛvuli o kpibu saha. Bɛ nyɛla bɛ ni buɣisi ni bɛ zaŋ la neeisim nam ba (<a href="/w/index.php?title=N%C5%ABr_(Islam)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nūr (Islam) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">nūr</a>)<a href="#cite_note-352">[345]</a><a href="#cite_note-353">[346]</a><a href="#cite_note-354">[347]</a> bee buɣum (nār).<a href="#cite_note-355">[348]</a><a href="#cite_note-356">[349]</a><a href="#cite_note-357">[350]</a><a href="#cite_note-358">[351]</a> Musulinsi adiini malaika nima tooi zooi ka bɛ nyɛla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthropomorphism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anthropomorphism (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">anthropomorphic forms</a> ka laɣim ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Supernatural&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Supernatural (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">supernatural</a> anfooni nima kamani kpiŋkpana, nyɛ ban galisi.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurge201597–99-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-359">[352]</a><a href="#cite_note-360">[353]</a><a href="#cite_note-361">[354]</a> Nahingbana din niŋ bayana zaŋ n-ti malaika nima nyɛ bɛ ka niŋgbana yɛlibora mini suhiyurilim kamani dibu mini nyubu.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEÇakmak2017140-34">[33]</a> Bɛ shɛba kamani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gabriel (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Gabriel</a> (Jibrīl) mini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_(archangel)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael (archangel) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Michael</a> (Mika'il) nyɛla Alquran ni boli shɛba yuya. Malaika nima nyɛla ban tuma galisi "literature" zaŋ jandi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isra_and_Mi%27raj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isra and Mi'raj (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mi'raj</a>, ni ka Muhammad daa nya malaika nima pam o chani alizanda ni.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurge201579-22">[21]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mysticism">Mysticism</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=28" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Mysticism" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section's source code: Mysticism">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sufism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sufism (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sufism</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sufi%E2%80%93Salafi_relations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sufi–Salafi relations (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sufi–Salafi relations</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Mevlana_Konya.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Mevlana_Konya.jpg/220px-Mevlana_Konya.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Mevlana_Konya.jpg/330px-Mevlana_Konya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Mevlana_Konya.jpg/440px-Mevlana_Konya.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="375" /></a><figcaption>The Whirling Dervishes, or <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mevlevi_Order&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mevlevi Order (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mevlevi Order</a> by the tomb of Sufi-mystic <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rumi (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Rumi</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Sema_ceremony_many.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Sema_ceremony_many.jpg/220px-Sema_ceremony_many.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Sema_ceremony_many.jpg/330px-Sema_ceremony_many.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Sema_ceremony_many.jpg/440px-Sema_ceremony_many.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6048" data-file-height="4024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sufism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sufism (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sufism</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Konya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konya (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Konya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></figcaption></figure> Sufism (Arabic: تصوف‎, tasawwuf),nyɛla "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mystical&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mystical (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">mystical</a>-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascetic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ascetic (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ascetic</a>" sodoligu zaŋ chaŋ Musulinsi adiini din bɔri Nawwuni miribu ka doli Naawuni ni adalichi.<a href="#cite_note-msk2-362">[355]</a><a href="#cite_note-mas1-363">[356]</a><a href="#cite_note-mkb1-364">[357]</a> Sufi baŋdiba kahigi tasawwuf ka di nyɛla "n-niŋ suhu kasi ka mɔŋ binshɛɣu kam dolibu ka doli Naawuni ko", Qur'an karimbu ni sunnah dolibu mini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiqh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fiqh (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">fiqh</a> zaŋ tum tuma ninsali biɛhigu ni.<a href="#cite_note-junayd1-365">[358]</a><a href="#cite_note-366">[359]</a><a href="#cite_note-367">[360]</a><a href="#cite_note-368">[361]</a><a href="#cite_note-369">[362]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmad_ibn_Ajiba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmad ibn Ajiba (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ahmad ibn Ajiba</a> kahigi tasawwuf ka di nyɛla "kali ni labbu, ka di piligu nyɛ baŋsim, di sunsuuni n-nyɛ zaŋ ku bukaata [lala baŋsim maa nyaaŋa], ka di bahigu nyɛ pini [din yina Naawuni sani]."<a href="#cite_note-370">[363]</a>Di pala musulinsi adiini pubu yaɣ'shɛli, ka ban be din ni be Musulinsi adiini pubu yaɣ'shɛŋa. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isma%27ilism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isma'ilism (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Isma'ilism</a>, ban baŋsibu yirina <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gnosticism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gnosticism (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Gnosticism</a> mini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoplatonism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neoplatonism (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Neoplatonism</a> ni<a href="#cite_note-371">[364]</a> n-ti tabili "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Illuminationism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Illuminationism (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Illuminationist</a>" mini "<a href="/w/index.php?title=School_of_Isfahan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="School of Isfahan (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Isfahan</a>"Musulinsi adiini baŋsim shikuru, nyɛla din yina ni Musulinsi adiini kahigibu.<a href="#cite_note-372">[365]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hasan_al-Basri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hasan al-Basri (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Hasan al-Basri</a>, tuuli Sufi nyɛla bɛ ni tooi kani so pahiri tuuli tuuli ha Sufinima ni,<a href="#cite_note-373">[366]</a> ka di yaa jendi dabiɛm zaŋ chaŋ tum birigi Naawuni ni bɔri shɛm ni. Zaŋ maɣisi ni, Sufinima ban daa doli nyaaŋa na ka mali yuya, kamani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mansur_Al-Hallaj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mansur Al-Hallaj (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mansur Al-Hallaj</a> mini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rumi (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Jalaluddin Rumi</a>, daa lihila adiini ni yurilim zaŋ ti Naawuni.<a href="#cite_note-374">[367]</a><a href="#cite_note-375">[368]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prayer">Prayer</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=29" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Prayer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section's source code: Prayer">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Salah</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mosque&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mosque (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mosque</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jumu%27ah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jumu'ah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Jumu'ah</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Mosque.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Mosque.jpg/220px-Mosque.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Mosque.jpg/330px-Mosque.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Mosque.jpg/440px-Mosque.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Muslim men <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prostration&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prostration (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">prostrating</a> in prayer, at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Umayyad_Mosque&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Umayyad Mosque (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Umayyad Mosque</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Damascus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Damascus (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Damascus</a></figcaption></figure> Suhigu musulinsi puuni ka bɛ booni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">as-salah</a> bee aṣ-ṣalāt (Arabic: الصلاة‎), di nyɛla soli shɛli bɛ ni doli diri Naawuni fiila ka nyɛ din mali binshɛli ka bɛ kuli niŋdi labiri niŋda ka booni li <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rakat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rakat (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">rakat</a> di ni nyɛ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruku (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">bowing</a> mini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sujud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sujud (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">prostrating</a> zaŋ n-ti Naawuni. Dabisili kam puuni bɛ suhiri la Naawuni bunu. Suhigu ŋɔ nyɛla bɛ ni niŋdi shɛli Larigu balli ni ka nyɛ ban tuhiri <a href="/wiki/Kaaba" title="Kaaba">Kaaba</a>. Di nyɛla din lahi bori kashi tali niŋbu di ni nyɛ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wudu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wudu (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">wudu</a> ritual wash bee talahi tali ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghusl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghusl (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ghusl</a> niŋgbana zaa paɣibu.<a href="#cite_note-376">[369]</a><a href="#cite_note-377">[370]</a><a href="#cite_note-378">[371]</a><a href="#cite_note-379">[372]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mosque&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mosque (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Jiŋli ni</a> nyɛla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Places_of_worship&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Places of worship (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">place of worship</a> zaŋ n-ti musulinnima ka bɛ tooi booni Larigu balli puuni masjid. Jiŋli tuma nyɛla luɣ'shɛli musulininma ni laɣindi taba suhiri Naawuni amaa di lahi nyɛla laɣingu shɛŋa din kpa talahi shee zaŋ n-ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ummah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ummah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Muslim community</a>. Kamani ŋmahinli, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Masjid_an-Nabawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Masjid an-Nabawi (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Masjid an-Nabawi</a> ("Prophetic Mosque") din be Medina, <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>,nyɛla biɛhigu shee zaŋ n-ti fakari ni mali shɛba.<a href="#cite_note-380">[373]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minaret (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Minarets</a> nyɛla ban yunsiri boligu shɛli bɛ ni boli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adhan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adhan (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">adhan</a>, boligu din wuhiri suhibu saha.<a href="#cite_note-381">[374]</a><a href="#cite_note-382">[375]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Almsgiving">Almsgiving</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=30" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Almsgiving" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section's source code: Almsgiving">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zakat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zakat (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Zakat</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sadaqah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sadaqah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sadaqah</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Slot_at_the_Zaouia_Moulay_Idriss_II_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Slot_at_the_Zaouia_Moulay_Idriss_II_1.jpg/220px-Slot_at_the_Zaouia_Moulay_Idriss_II_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Slot_at_the_Zaouia_Moulay_Idriss_II_1.jpg/330px-Slot_at_the_Zaouia_Moulay_Idriss_II_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Slot_at_the_Zaouia_Moulay_Idriss_II_1.jpg/440px-Slot_at_the_Zaouia_Moulay_Idriss_II_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2245" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>A slot for giving zakat at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zawiya_of_Moulay_Idris_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zawiya of Moulay Idris II (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Zawiya of Moulay Idris II</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fez,_Morocco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fez, Morocco (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Fez, Morocco</a></figcaption></figure> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zakat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zakat (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Zakat</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabic_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabic language (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Arabic</a>: زكاة‎, zakāh), di ni tooi lahi sabi Zakāt bee Zakah, nyɛla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Almsgiving&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Almsgiving (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Naawuni zuɣu</a> tibu balli shɛli ka nyɛ din mali di ni tiri shɛm tariga (yuuni puuni kɔbigi puuni vaabu 2.5% )<a href="#cite_note-383">[376]</a> zaŋ n-ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Financial_capital&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Financial capital (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">accumulated wealth</a> n-ti ninvuɣ shɛba ban ni tooi niŋ li sɔŋ fara ni mali ninvuɣ shɛba kamani samli ni mali ninvuɣ shɛba, ŋun doli soli, n-ti pahi ninvuɣ shɛba zaa ban to zakat deebu. Di nyɛla binshɛli din nyɛ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Welfare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Welfare (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">welfare</a> n-ti musulinsi ʒilɛni.<a href="#cite_note-384">[377]</a> Di nyɛla adiini maa daatali yini ni bɛ sɔŋmi ban ka bee ban to zakat ŋɔ deebu dama lala buni shɛŋa zaa bɛ ni mali maa nyɛla Naawuni dini ,<a href="#cite_note-385">[378]</a> ka lahi nyɛ din niŋdi niri buni kashi.<a href="#cite_note-386">[379]</a> <a href="#cite_note-387">[380]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sadaqah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sadaqah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sadaqah</a>, din ŋmani Zakat nyɛla bɛ ni kpaŋsiri niriba ka di leei nyɛ suhiyubu Naawuni zuɣu tibu.<a href="#cite_note-388">[381]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStefon2010[httpsarchiveorgdetailsislamicbeliefspr0000stefpage72_72]-389">[382]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Waqf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waqf (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Waqf</a> gba nyɛla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charitable_trust&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charitable trust (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">charitable trust</a> ka bɛ leei mali sɔŋdi ashibiti nima mini shikuruti nima ni musulim nima ʒilɛni .<a href="#cite_note-390">[383]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pilgrimage">Pilgrimage</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=31" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Pilgrimage" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section's source code: Pilgrimage">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Hajj" class="mw-redirect" title="Hajj">Hajj</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Umrah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Umrah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Umrah</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Holiest_sites_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holiest sites in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Holiest sites in Islam</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:A_packed_house_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/A_packed_house_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg/220px-A_packed_house_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/A_packed_house_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg/330px-A_packed_house_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/A_packed_house_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg/440px-A_packed_house_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Pilgrims at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_Mosque_of_Mecca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Great Mosque of Mecca (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Great Mosque of Mecca</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Hajj" class="mw-redirect" title="Hajj">Hajj</a> season</figcaption></figure> Musulinsi adiini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pilgrimage&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pilgrimage (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">pilgrimage</a>,bɛ booni li la "ḥajj" (Arabic: حج‎), di nyɛla binshɛli musulimi nima ni niŋdi kamani yim niri nyɛvuli puuni di yi niŋ ka a mali di yiko <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_calendar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic calendar (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Islamic month</a> zaŋ n-ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dhu_al-Hijjah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dhu al-Hijjah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Dhu al-Hijjah</a>. Lala Hajj ŋɔ lahabaya tooi nyɛla din jandi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abraham in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Abraham</a> daŋ. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mecca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mecca (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mecca</a>, Hajj niŋdiba nyɛla ban chani gindi <a href="/wiki/Kaaba" title="Kaaba">Kaaba</a> buyopɔin zuɣu ka musulim nima mali dihitabili ni Abraham n-daa miɛ li jama shee, ka chani gindi Mount <a href="/w/index.php?title=Safa_and_Marwa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Safa and Marwa (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Safa and Marwa</a> buyopɔin zuɣu, labiri kaani Abraham's paɣa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hagar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hagar (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Hagar</a> chandi, ŋun daa lihiri m-bori kom shee ni o ti o bia yuli booni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ishmael_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ishmael in Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ishmael</a> kurumbuna ni ha pɔi ka Mecca lɛbigi tiŋa.<a href="#cite_note-391">[384]</a><a href="#cite_note-392">[385]</a><a href="#cite_note-393">[386]</a> Aʒi ŋɔ gba nyɛla dabisili bɛ ni suhiri ka jamdi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Arafat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mount Arafat (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mount Arafat</a> ka di nahingbaŋ nyɛ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stoning_of_the_Devil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stoning of the Devil (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">stoning the Devil</a>.<a href="#cite_note-394">[387]</a> Musulimi nima ban nyɛ dabba zaa nyɛla ban yɛri neen'piɛlli ayi ka bɛ boli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ihram_clothing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ihram clothing (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ihram</a>.<a href="#cite_note-395">[388]</a><a href="#cite_note-396">[389]</a> Aʒi ŋɔ biɛhi shɛli nyɛ, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Umrah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Umrah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Umrah</a>, di pa talahi ka nyɛ di ni tooi niŋ saha kam yuuni puuni. Aʒi ŋɔ binshɛŋa nyɛla din niŋdi <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a>,ni ka Muhammad daa kpi n-ti pahi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jerusalem (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Jerusalem</a>, tiŋa zaŋ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Aqsa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Aqsa (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Al-Aqsa</a>.<a href="#cite_note-397">[390]</a><a href="#cite_note-398">[391]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_acts_of_worship">Other acts of worship</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=32" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Other acts of worship" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section's source code: Other acts of worship">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:Men_reading_the_Koran_in_Umayyad_Mosque,_Damascus,_Syria.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Men_reading_the_Koran_in_Umayyad_Mosque%2C_Damascus%2C_Syria.jpg/220px-Men_reading_the_Koran_in_Umayyad_Mosque%2C_Damascus%2C_Syria.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Men_reading_the_Koran_in_Umayyad_Mosque%2C_Damascus%2C_Syria.jpg/330px-Men_reading_the_Koran_in_Umayyad_Mosque%2C_Damascus%2C_Syria.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Men_reading_the_Koran_in_Umayyad_Mosque%2C_Damascus%2C_Syria.jpg/440px-Men_reading_the_Koran_in_Umayyad_Mosque%2C_Damascus%2C_Syria.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2813" data-file-height="1875" /></a><figcaption>Muslim men reading the Quran</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Quran#Recitation" class="mw-redirect" title="Quran">Quran § Recitation</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dua (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Dua</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dhikr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dhikr (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Dhikr</a></div> Musulimi nima nyɛla ban karindi ka gbaari Alquran zaa bee di yaɣa shɛŋa. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tajwid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tajwid (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tajwid</a> nyɛ zalikpana zaŋ n-ti Alquran viɛnyɛla bolibu .<a href="#cite_note-399">[392]</a> Musulimi nima pam nyɛla ban karindi Alquran noliri goli ni.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStefon2010[httpsarchiveorgdetailsislamicbeliefspr0000stefpage42_42–43]-400">[393]</a> Bɛ booni la ninvuɣ so ŋun gbaai Alquran zaa niŋ o zuɣu hafiz ("memorizer"), ka hadiisi yɛli ni lala niriba ŋɔ nyɛla ban sani tooi suhi deei shɛba Judgment Day.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENigosian2004[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidmy7hnALd_NkCpgPA70_70]-401">[394]</a> Adua suhi ti Naawuni, Larigu balli ni Arabic duʿāʾ (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabic_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabic language (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Arabic</a>: دعاء‎ ar) nyɛla din mali di zalikpana kamani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Raising_hands_in_dua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raising hands in dua (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">raising hands</a> kamani nuhi wuhibu.<a href="#cite_note-402">[395]</a> <table role="presentation" class="mbox-small listen noprint" style="background-color:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;color:#000"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/Lahabali_k%C9%94ligu:112.AlIkhlas-MisharyRashedAlafasy.ogg" title="Lahabali kɔligu:112.AlIkhlas-MisharyRashedAlafasy.ogg">Al-Ikhlas</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="22" data-mwtitle="112.AlIkhlas-MisharyRashedAlafasy.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/112.AlIkhlas-MisharyRashedAlafasy.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/112.AlIkhlas-MisharyRashedAlafasy.ogg/112.AlIkhlas-MisharyRashedAlafasy.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3A112.AlIkhlas-MisharyRashedAlafasy.ogg&lang=ar&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ar" label="العربية ‪(ar)‬" data-dir="rtl" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3A112.AlIkhlas-MisharyRashedAlafasy.ogg&lang=bn&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="bn" label="বাংলা ‪(bn)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3A112.AlIkhlas-MisharyRashedAlafasy.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></div> <div class="description"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Ikhlas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Ikhlas (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sincerity</a> is the Quran's <a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_surahs_in_the_Quran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of surahs in the Quran (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">112th</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Surah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Surah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">chapter</a> as recited by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Imam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Imam</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mishary_Rashid_Alafasy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mishary Rashid Alafasy (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Mishary Rashid Alafasy</a></div></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="mbox-text"><hr />Problems playing this file? See <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C9%94%C5%8Bsim:Media&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sɔŋsim:Media (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">media help</a>.</td></tr> </tbody></table> Arkan al-Islam (five pillars of Islam):<a href="#cite_note-Naden-1">[1]</a> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Shahada" title="Shahada">Shahada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asalaati" title="Asalaati">Asalaati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nol%C9%94ri" title="Nolɔri">Nolɔri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaka" title="Zaka">Zaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%CA%92i" title="Aʒi">Aʒi</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Influences_on_other_religions">Influences on other religions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=33" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Influences on other religions" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section's source code: Influences on other religions">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_and_Druze&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam and Druze (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Islam and Druze</a></div> Laɣinsi shɛŋa, kamani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Druze&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Druze (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Druze</a>,<a href="#cite_note-403">[396]</a><a href="#cite_note-404">[397]</a><a href="#cite_note-405">[398]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Berghouata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berghouata (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Berghouata</a> ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ha-Mim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ha-Mim (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ha-Mim</a>, nyɛla din yina Musulinsi ni bee ka di mini Musulinsi adiini mali dihitabili yinsi, amaa di zaa nyɛla adiini yini bee di yila Musulinsi adiini ni na nyɛla nangbankpeeni ni be shɛli.<a href="#cite_note-406">[399]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Druze&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Druze (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Druze</a> lahi nyɛla din chaŋ pirigi<a href="/w/index.php?title=Isma%27ilism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isma'ilism (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Isma'ilism</a> pirim la di ni mali di maŋ zalisi la, ka naan yi waligi ka che Ismāʿīlīsm mini Islam zaa; di shɛŋa n-nyɛ dihitabili din nyɛ ni Imam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Hakim_bi-Amr_Allah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Al-Ḥākim bi-Amr Allāh</a> daa nyɛla Naawuni taɣimalisi.<a href="#cite_note-407">[400]</a><a href="#cite_note-408">[401]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yazd%C3%A2nism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yazdânism (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Yazdânism</a> nyɛla din laɣim Kurdish dihitabili mini Islamic Sufi soya din kpe<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kurdistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kurdistan (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Kurdistan</a> ni , <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sheikh_Adi_ibn_Musafir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sheikh Adi ibn Musafir (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sheikh Adi ibn Musafir</a> ni daa ʒi shɛli na 12th century.<a href="#cite_note-409">[402]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%A1bism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bábism (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Bábism</a> yimina Twelver Shia ni ka yina <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siyyid_%27Ali_Muhammad_i-Shirazi_al-Bab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siyyid 'Ali Muhammad i-Shirazi al-Bab (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Siyyid 'Ali Muhammad i-Shirazi al-Bab</a> sani ka o nyaandoliba puuni yino Mirza Husayn 'Ali Nuri <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baha%27u%27llah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baha'u'llah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Baha'u'llah</a> kpa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baháʼí Faith (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Baháʼí Faith</a>.<a href="#cite_note-410">[403]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sikhism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sikhism (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sikhism</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guru_Nanak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guru Nanak (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Guru Nanak</a> ni kpa shɛli 15th century bahigu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Punjab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Punjab (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Punjab</a>, ka di kperi ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hinduism (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Hinduism</a>, ni Musulinsi adiini yaɣ'shɛŋa.<a href="#cite_note-411">[404]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=34" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Citations" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section's source code: Citations">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Naden-1">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Naden_1-0">1.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Naden_1-1">1.1</a> Naden, Tony. 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webonary.org/dagbani/download/">Dagbani dictionary</a>. Webonary. </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dictionary.cambridge.org/pronunciation/english/islam">English pronunciation of Islam</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-www.pewresearch.org-2022-3">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-www.pewresearch.org-2022_3-0">3.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-www.pewresearch.org-2022_3-1">3.1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/topic/religion/religious-demographics/pew-templeton-global-religious-futures-project/">Pew-Templeton Global Religious Futures Project - Research and data from Pew Research Center</a> (21 December 2022). </li> <li id="cite_note-Schimmel-4">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Schimmel_4-0">4.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schimmel_4-1">4.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schimmel_4-2">4.2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schimmel_4-3">4.3</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schimmel_4-4">4.4</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18351">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFSchimmel" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Annemarie_Schimmel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Annemarie Schimmel (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Schimmel, Annemarie</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Islam">"Islam"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150504201633/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/295507/Islam">Archived</a> from the original on 4 May 2015. Retrieved 17 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Islam&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.aulast=Schimmel&rft.aufirst=Annemarie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FIslam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/islam">Definition of Islam | Dictionary.com</a> (en). </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFHaywood2002" class="citation book cs1">Haywood, John (2002). Historical Atlas of the Medieval World (AD 600 - 1492) (in English) (1st ed.). Spain: Barnes & Noble, Inc. p. 3.13. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/0-7607-1975-6" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/0-7607-1975-6"><bdi>0-7607-1975-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Atlas+of+the+Medieval+World+%28AD+600+-+1492%29&rft.place=Spain&rft.pages=3.13&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Barnes+%26+Noble%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-7607-1975-6&rft.aulast=Haywood&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.studyquran.co.uk/20_SIIN.htm">Siin</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110907230044/http://www.studyquran.co.uk/20_SIIN.htm">Archived</a> 7 Silimin gɔli September 2011 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wayback Machine</a>." Lane's Lexicon 4. – via <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Study_Quran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Study Quran (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">StudyQuran</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFLewisChurchill2009" class="citation book cs1">Lewis, Barnard; Churchill, Buntzie Ellis (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islamreligionpeo00lewi">Islam: The Religion and The People</a>. Wharton School Publishing. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islamreligionpeo00lewi/page/8">8</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-13-223085-8" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-13-223085-8"><bdi>978-0-13-223085-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+The+Religion+and+The+People&rft.pages=8&rft.pub=Wharton+School+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-13-223085-8&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Barnard&rft.au=Churchill%2C+Buntzie+Ellis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fislamreligionpeo00lewi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190913192608/https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/muslim">Muslim</a>." <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lexico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lexico (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Lexico</a>. UK: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. 2020. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito2000[httpsarchiveorgdetailsoxfordhistoryofi00johnpage76_76–77]-10"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsposito2000[httpsarchiveorgdetailsoxfordhistoryofi00johnpage76_76–77]_10-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFEsposito2000">Esposito (2000)</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordhistoryofi00john/page/76">76–77</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFMahmutćehajić2006" class="citation book cs1">Mahmutćehajić, Rusmir (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mosqueheartsubmi00mahm">The mosque: the heart of submission</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fordham_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fordham University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Fordham University Press</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mosqueheartsubmi00mahm/page/n104">84</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-8232-2584-2" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-8232-2584-2"><bdi>978-0-8232-2584-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+mosque%3A+the+heart+of+submission&rft.pages=84&rft.pub=Fordham+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-8232-2584-2&rft.aulast=Mahmut%C4%87ehaji%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Rusmir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmosqueheartsubmi00mahm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFGibb1969" class="citation book cs1">Gibb, Sir Hamilton (1969). Mohammedanism: an historical survey. Oxford University Press. p. 1. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/9780195002454" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/9780195002454"><bdi>9780195002454</bdi></a>. <q>Modern Muslims dislike the terms Mohammedan and Mohammedanism, which seem to them to carry the implication of worship of Mohammed, as Christian and Christianity imply the worship of Christ.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mohammedanism%3A+an+historical+survey&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1969&rft.isbn=9780195002454&rft.aulast=Gibb&rft.aufirst=Sir+Hamilton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFBeversluis2011" class="citation book cs1">Beversluis, Joel, ed. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dbSPOoQfu0IC&pg=PA68">Sourcebook of the World's Religions: An Interfaith Guide to Religion and Spirituality</a>. New World Library. pp. 68–9. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/9781577313328" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/9781577313328"><bdi>9781577313328</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231228022948/https://books.google.com/books?id=dbSPOoQfu0IC&pg=PA68#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2023. Retrieved 15 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sourcebook+of+the+World%27s+Religions%3A+An+Interfaith+Guide+to+Religion+and+Spirituality&rft.pages=68-9&rft.pub=New+World+Library&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9781577313328&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdbSPOoQfu0IC%26pg%3DPA68&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/tawhid">"Tawhid"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211107041300/https://www.britannica.com/topic/tawhid">Archived</a> from the original on 7 November 2021. Retrieved 17 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Tawhid&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2Ftawhid&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1573-3912_islam_SIM_7454">10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_7454</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFAliLeaman2008" class="citation book cs1">Ali, Kecia; Leaman, Oliver (2008). Islam : the key concepts. London: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Routledge</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-415-39638-7" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-415-39638-7"><bdi>978-0-415-39638-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=OCLC_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OCLC (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/123136939">123136939</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+%3A+the+key+concepts&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F123136939&rft.isbn=978-0-415-39638-7&rft.aulast=Ali&rft.aufirst=Kecia&rft.au=Leaman%2C+Oliver&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECampo200934"Allah"-17"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECampo200934"Allah"_17-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFCampo2009">Campo (2009)</a>, p. 34, "Allah". </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a> Leeming, David. 2005. The Oxford Companion to World Mythology. Oxford: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-195-15669-0" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-195-15669-0">978-0-195-15669-0</a>. p. 209. </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/faithgod.html">God</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PBS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PBS (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">PBS</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurge201523-21">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurge201523_21-0">20.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurge201523_21-1">20.1</a> <a href="#CITEREFBurge2015">Burge (2015)</a>, p. 23. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurge201579-22">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurge201579_22-0">21.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurge201579_22-1">21.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurge201579_22-2">21.2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurge201579_22-3">21.3</a> <a href="#CITEREFBurge2015">Burge (2015)</a>, p. 79. </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/nur">Nūr</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220423085030/https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/nur">Archived</a> 23 Silimin gɔli April 2022 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wayback Machine</a>." <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_Dictionary_of_World_Religions&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford Dictionary of World Religions (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions</a>. – via <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclopedia.com&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopedia.com (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Encyclopedia.com</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1573-3912_islam_COM_0874">10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0874</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1875-3922_q3_EQSIM_00261">10.1163/1875-3922_q3_EQSIM_00261</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a>. – via <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclopedia.com&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopedia.com (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Encyclopedia.com</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1573-3912_islam_COM_0846">10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0846</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1875-3922_q3_EQSIM_00156">10.1163/1875-3922_q3_EQSIM_00156</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurge201597–99-30">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurge201597–99_30-0">29.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurge201597–99_30-1">29.1</a> <a href="#CITEREFBurge2015">Burge (2015)</a>, pp. 97–99. </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1573-3912_islam_COM_0642">10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0642</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEÇakmak2017140-34">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEÇakmak2017140_34-0">33.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEÇakmak2017140_34-1">33.1</a> <a href="#CITEREFÇakmak2017">Çakmak (2017)</a>, p. 140. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurge201522-35"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurge201522_35-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFBurge2015">Burge (2015)</a>, p. 22. </li> <li id="cite_note-610CE-36">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-610CE_36-0">35.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-610CE_36-1">35.1</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFWatt2003" class="citation book cs1">Watt, William Montgomery (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AQUZ6BGyohQC&pg=PA5">Islam and the Integration of Society</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Psychology_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psychology Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Psychology Press</a>. p. 5. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-415-17587-6" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-415-17587-6"><bdi>978-0-415-17587-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231228022949/https://books.google.com/books?id=AQUZ6BGyohQC&pg=PA5#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2023. Retrieved 15 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+and+the+Integration+of+Society&rft.pages=5&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-415-17587-6&rft.aulast=Watt&rft.aufirst=William+Montgomery&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAQUZ6BGyohQC%26pg%3DPA5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito200417–18,_21-38"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsposito200417–18,_21_38-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFEsposito2004">Esposito (2004)</a>, pp. 17–18, 21. </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal"> (1987) "The Cantillation of the Qur'an". <a href="/w/index.php?title=Society_for_Asian_Music&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Society for Asian Music (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Asian Music</a> (Autumn – Winter 1987): 3–4.</cite> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ringgren-40">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Ringgren_40-0">39.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ringgren_40-1">39.1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFRinggren" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Ringgren, Helmer. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Quran">"Qurʾān"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150505001543/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/487666/Quran">Archived</a> from the original on 5 May 2015. Retrieved 17 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Qur%CA%BE%C4%81n&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.aulast=Ringgren&rft.aufirst=Helmer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FQuran&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> "The word Quran was invented and first used in the Quran itself. There are <a href="/wiki/Quran#Etymology_and_meaning" class="mw-redirect" title="Quran">two different theories</a> about this term and its formation." </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/tafsir">"Tafsīr"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211019035210/https://www.britannica.com/topic/tafsir">Archived</a> from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 17 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Tafs%C4%ABr&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2Ftafsir&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito200479–81-42"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsposito200479–81_42-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFEsposito2004">Esposito (2004)</a>, pp. 79–81. </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFJones1994" class="citation book cs1">Jones, Alan (1994). The Koran. London: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_E._Tuttle_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles E. Tuttle Company (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Charles E. Tuttle Company</a>. p. 1. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/1842126091" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/1842126091"><bdi>1842126091</bdi></a>. <q>Its outstanding literary merit should also be noted: it is by far, the finest work of Arabic prose in existence.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Koran&rft.place=London&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=Charles+E.+Tuttle+Company&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=1842126091&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Alan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFArberry1956" class="citation book cs1">Arberry, Arthur (1956). The Koran Interpreted. London: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Allen_%26_Unwin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Allen & Unwin (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Allen & Unwin</a>. p. 191. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/0684825074" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/0684825074"><bdi>0684825074</bdi></a>. <q>It may be affirmed that within the literature of the Arabs, wide and fecund as it is both in poetry and in elevated prose, there is nothing to compare with it.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Koran+Interpreted&rft.place=London&rft.pages=191&rft.pub=Allen+%26+Unwin&rft.date=1956&rft.isbn=0684825074&rft.aulast=Arberry&rft.aufirst=Arthur&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">↑</a> Kadi, Wadad, and Mustansir Mir. "Literature and the Quran." In <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclopaedia_of_the_Qur%CA%BE%C4%81n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an</a> 3. pp. 213, 216. </li> <li id="cite_note-harvp|Esposito|2002b|pp=4–5-46">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-harvp|Esposito|2002b|pp=4–5_46-0">45.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-harvp|Esposito|2002b|pp=4–5_46-1">45.1</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-harvp|Peters|2003|p=9-47">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-harvp|Peters|2003|p=9_47-0">46.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-harvp|Peters|2003|p=9_47-1">46.1</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBennett2010101-52"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBennett2010101_52-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFBennett2010">Bennett (2010)</a>, p. 101. </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gallica.bnf.fr/view3if/ga/ark:/12148/btv1b8427195m/f16">BnF. Département des Manuscrits. Supplément turc 190</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Bibliothèque nationale de France</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFReeves2004" class="citation book cs1">Reeves, J. C. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WNId86Eu4TEC">Bible and Qurʼān: Essays in scriptural intertextuality</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leiden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leiden (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Leiden</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brill Publishers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Brill</a>. p. 177. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/90-04-12726-7" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/90-04-12726-7"><bdi>90-04-12726-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230419164019/https://books.google.com/books?id=WNId86Eu4TEC">Archived</a> from the original on 19 April 2023. Retrieved 21 August 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bible+and+Qur%CA%BC%C4%81n%3A+Essays+in+scriptural+intertextuality&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pages=177&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=90-04-12726-7&rft.aulast=Reeves&rft.aufirst=J.+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWNId86Eu4TEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">↑</a> Esposito, John L. 2009. "Islam." In <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Doi-inline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Doi-inline (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Doi-inline</a>, edited by J. L. Esposito. Oxford: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-530513-5" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-530513-5">978-0-19-530513-5</a>. (See also: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100012298">quick reference</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210110124812/https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100012298">Archived</a> 10 Silimin gɔli January 2021 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wayback Machine</a>.) "Profession of Faith...affirms Islam's absolute monotheism and acceptance of Muḥammad as the messenger of Allah, the last and final prophet." </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">↑</a> Peters, F. E. 2009. "Allāh." In <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Doi-inline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Doi-inline (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Doi-inline</a>, edited by J. L. Esposito. Oxford: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-530513-5" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-530513-5">978-0-19-530513-5</a>. (See also: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095403960">quick reference</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200926053837/https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095403960">Archived</a> 26 Silimin gɔli September 2020 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wayback Machine</a>.) "[T]he Muslims' understanding of Allāh is based...on the Qurʿān's public witness. Allāh is Unique, the Creator, Sovereign, and Judge of mankind. It is Allāh who directs the universe through his direct action on nature and who has guided human history through his prophets, Abraham, with whom he made his covenant, Moses/Moosa, Jesus/Eesa, and Muḥammad, through all of whom he founded his chosen communities, the 'Peoples of the Book.'" </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFGoldman1995" class="citation book cs1">Goldman, Elizabeth (1995). Believers: Spiritual Leaders of the World. Oxford: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. p. 63. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-508240-1" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-508240-1"><bdi>978-0-19-508240-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Believers%3A+Spiritual+Leaders+of+the+World&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=63&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-19-508240-1&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aisha_Abd_al-Rahman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aisha Abd al-Rahman (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">al-Rahman, Aisha Abd</a>, ed. 1990. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Introduction_to_the_Science_of_Hadith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Introduction to the Science of Hadith (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Muqaddimah Ibn al-Ṣalāḥ</a>. Cairo: Dar al-Ma'arif, 1990. pp. 160–69 </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">↑</a> Awliya'i, Mustafa. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.al-islam.org/al-tawhid/vol1-n12-3/outlines-development-science-hadith-dr-mustafa-awliyai/part-1#four-books">The Four Books</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170912144702/https://www.al-islam.org/al-tawhid/vol1-n12-3/outlines-development-science-hadith-dr-mustafa-awliyai/part-1#four-books">Archived</a> 12 Silimin gɔli September 2017 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wayback Machine</a>." In Outlines of the Development of the Science of Hadith 1, translated by A. Q. Qara'i. – via <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Islam.org&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Islam.org (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Al-Islam.org</a>. Retrieved 24 May 2020. </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sa%27id_Akhtar_Rizvi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sa'id Akhtar Rizvi (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Rizvi, Sayyid Sa'eed Akhtar</a>. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.al-islam.org/quran-and-hadith-allamah-sayyid-saeed-akhtar-rizvi/chapter-4-hadith#four-books-al-kutubul-arbah">The Hadith §The Four Books (Al-Kutubu'l-Arb'ah)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170912191319/https://www.al-islam.org/quran-and-hadith-allamah-sayyid-saeed-akhtar-rizvi/chapter-4-hadith#four-books-al-kutubul-arbah">Archived</a> 12 Silimin gɔli September 2017 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wayback Machine</a>." Ch 4 in The Qur'an and Hadith. Tanzania: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bilal_Muslim_Mission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bilal Muslim Mission (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Bilal Muslim Mission</a>. – via <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Islam.org&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Islam.org (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Al-Islam.org</a>. Retrieved 24 May 2020. </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1573-3912_islam_DUM_0467">10.1163/1573-3912_islam_DUM_0467</a>: "Ibn Sīnā, Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Sīnā is known in the West as 'Avicenna'." </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e588">Eschatology</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Oxford_Dictionary_of_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Oxford Dictionary of Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">The Oxford Dictionary of Islam</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito2011130-69"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsposito2011130_69-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFEsposito2011">Esposito (2011)</a>, p. 130. </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a>; Encyclopedia of Islam and Muslim World, p. 565 </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">"Paradise". Encyclopædia Britannica Online.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Paradise&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+Online&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.freeweb.hu/etymological/AEDweb.htm">Andras Rajki's A. E. D. (Arabic Etymological Dictionary)</a> (2002). </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a>: "The idea of predestination is reinforced by the frequent mention of events 'being written' or 'being in a book' before they happen": Say: "Nothing will happen to us except what Allah has decreed for us..." </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a>: The verb qadara literally means "to measure, to determine". Here it is used to mean that "God measures and orders his creation". </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1573-3912_islam_COM_0407">10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0407</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z43pfcw/revision/4">Muslim beliefs – Al-Qadr</a>. Bitesize – GCSE – Edexcel. BBC. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito20106-81"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsposito20106_81-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFEsposito2010">Esposito (2010)</a>, p. 6. </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">"Muhammad". Encyclopædia Britannica Online.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Muhammad&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+Online&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ee.bilkent.edu.tr/~history/ottoman33.html">Ottomans : religious painting</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">↑</a> Rabah, Bilal B. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclopedia_of_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopedia of Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Encyclopedia of Islam</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFÜnal2006" class="citation book cs1">Ünal, Ali (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DyuqdDIjaswC&pg=PA1323">The Qurʼan with Annotated Interpretation in Modern English</a>. Tughra Books. pp. 1323–. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-59784-000-2" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-59784-000-2"><bdi>978-1-59784-000-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024048/https://books.google.com/books?id=DyuqdDIjaswC&pg=PA1323#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Qur%CA%BCan+with+Annotated+Interpretation+in+Modern+English&rft.pages=1323-&rft.pub=Tughra+Books&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-59784-000-2&rft.aulast=%C3%9Cnal&rft.aufirst=Ali&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDyuqdDIjaswC%26pg%3DPA1323&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESerjeant19784-88"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESerjeant19784_88-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFSerjeant1978">Serjeant (1978)</a>, p. 4. </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFPeter_Crawford2013" class="citation cs2">Peter Crawford (2013-07-16), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=d-oHBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA83">The War of the Three Gods: Romans, Persians and the Rise of Islam</a>, Pen & Sword Books Limited, p. 83, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/9781473828650" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/9781473828650"><bdi>9781473828650</bdi></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231228023957/https://books.google.com/books?id=d-oHBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA83">archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2023, retrieved 5 August 2022</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+War+of+the+Three+Gods%3A+Romans%2C+Persians+and+the+Rise+of+Islam&rft.pages=83&rft.pub=Pen+%26+Sword+Books+Limited&rft.date=2013-07-16&rft.isbn=9781473828650&rft.au=Peter+Crawford&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dd-oHBAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA83&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988">. </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFMelchert2020" class="citation book cs1">Melchert, Christopher (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=96TDDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA63">"The Rightly Guided Caliphs: The Range of Views Preserved in Ḥadīth"</a>. In al-Sarhan, Saud (ed.). Political Quietism in Islam: Sunni and Shi'i Practice and Thought. London and New York: <a href="/w/index.php?title=I.B._Tauris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="I.B. Tauris (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">I.B. Tauris</a>. pp. 70–71. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-83860-765-4" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-83860-765-4"><bdi>978-1-83860-765-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231228023957/https://books.google.com/books?id=96TDDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA63#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2023. Retrieved 17 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Rightly+Guided+Caliphs%3A+The+Range+of+Views+Preserved+in+%E1%B8%A4ad%C4%ABth&rft.btitle=Political+Quietism+in+Islam%3A+Sunni+and+Shi%27i+Practice+and+Thought&rft.place=London+and+New+York&rft.pages=70-71&rft.pub=I.B.+Tauris&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-1-83860-765-4&rft.aulast=Melchert&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D96TDDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA63&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito201040-94"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsposito201040_94-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFEsposito2010">Esposito (2010)</a>, p. 40. </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito201038-100"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsposito201038_100-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFEsposito2010">Esposito (2010)</a>, p. 38. </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-harvp|Gardet|Jomier|2012-102">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-harvp|Gardet|Jomier|2012_102-0">98.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-harvp|Gardet|Jomier|2012_102-1">98.1</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFJ._Kuiper2021" class="citation book cs1">J. Kuiper, Matthew (2021). Da'wa: A Global History of Islamic Missionary Thought and Practice. Edinburgh University Press. p. 85. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/9781351510721" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/9781351510721"><bdi>9781351510721</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Da%27wa%3A+A+Global+History+of+Islamic+Missionary+Thought+and+Practice&rft.pages=85&rft.pub=Edinburgh+University+Press&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9781351510721&rft.aulast=J.+Kuiper&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFLapidus2014" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ira_M._Lapidus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ira M. Lapidus (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Lapidus, Ira M.</a> (2014). A History of Islamic Societies. Cambridge University Press. pp. 60–61. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-521-51430-9" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-521-51430-9"><bdi>978-0-521-51430-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Islamic+Societies&rft.pages=60-61&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-521-51430-9&rft.aulast=Lapidus&rft.aufirst=Ira+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoltLewis197767–72-105"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoltLewis197767–72_105-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFHoltLewis1977">Holt & Lewis (1977)</a>, pp. 67–72. </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">↑</a> Harney, John (3 January 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/04/world/middleeast/q-and-a-how-do-sunni-and-shia-islam-differ.html">"How Do Sunni and Shia Islam Differ?"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/04/world/middleeast/q-and-a-how-do-sunni-and-shia-islam-differ.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/04/world/middleeast/q-and-a-how-do-sunni-and-shia-islam-differ.html</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWaines200346-107"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWaines200346_107-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFWaines2003">Waines (2003)</a>, p. 46. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIsmāʻīl_ibn_ʻUmar_Ibn_Kathīr2012505-108"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIsmāʻīl_ibn_ʻUmar_Ibn_Kathīr2012505_108-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFIsmāʻīl_ibn_ʻUmar_Ibn_Kathīr2012">Ismāʻīl ibn ʻUmar Ibn Kathīr (2012)</a>, p. 505. </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">↑</a> Umar Ibn Abdul Aziz By Imam Abu Muhammad Abdullah ibn Abdul Hakam died 214 AH 829 C.E. Publisher Zam Zam Publishers Karachi, pp. 54–59 </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFNoel_James_Coulson1964" class="citation book cs1">Noel James Coulson (1964). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=d5Ks31qHlSYC">History of Islamic Law</a>. King Abdulaziz Public Library. p. 103. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-7486-0514-9" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-7486-0514-9"><bdi>978-0-7486-0514-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231228023959/https://books.google.com/books?id=d5Ks31qHlSYC">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Islamic+Law&rft.pages=103&rft.pub=King+Abdulaziz+Public+Library&rft.date=1964&rft.isbn=978-0-7486-0514-9&rft.au=Noel+James+Coulson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dd5Ks31qHlSYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFHoutsmaWensinckLévi-ProvençalGibb1993" class="citation book cs1">Houtsma, M.T.; Wensinck, A.J.; Lévi-Provençal, E.; Gibb, H.A.R.; Heffening, W., eds. (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Va6oSxzojzoC">E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936</a>. Volume V: L—Moriscos (reprint ed.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brill Publishers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Brill Publishers</a>. pp. 207–. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-90-04-09791-9" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-90-04-09791-9"><bdi>978-90-04-09791-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024105/https://books.google.com/books?id=Va6oSxzojzoC">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2023. Retrieved 19 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=E.J.+Brill%27s+First+Encyclopaedia+of+Islam%2C+1913%E2%80%931936&rft.series=Volume+V%3A+L%E2%80%94Moriscos&rft.pages=207-&rft.edition=reprint&rft.pub=Brill+Publishers&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-90-04-09791-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVa6oSxzojzoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFMoshe_Sharon1986" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moshe_Sharon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moshe Sharon (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Moshe Sharon</a>, ed. (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0_wUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA264">Studies in Islamic History and Civilization: In Honour of Professor David Ayalon</a>. BRILL. p. 264. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/9789652640147" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/9789652640147"><bdi>9789652640147</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024050/https://books.google.com/books?id=0_wUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA264#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2023. Retrieved 20 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Studies+in+Islamic+History+and+Civilization%3A+In+Honour+of+Professor+David+Ayalon&rft.pages=264&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=9789652640147&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0_wUAAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA264&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">↑</a> Mamouri, Ali (8 January 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2015/01/islamic-state-kjarijites-continuation.html">"Who are the Kharijites and what do they have to do with IS?"</a>. Al-monitor. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2015/01/islamic-state-kjarijites-continuation.html">https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2015/01/islamic-state-kjarijites-continuation.html</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlankinship200843-114"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBlankinship200843_114-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlankinship2008">Blankinship (2008)</a>, p. 43. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito201087-115">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsposito201087_115-0">111.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsposito201087_115-1">111.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsposito201087_115-2">111.2</a> <a href="#CITEREFEsposito2010">Esposito (2010)</a>, p. 87. </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFPuchala2003" class="citation book cs1">Puchala, Donald (2003). Theory and History in International Relations. Routledge. p. 137.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Theory+and+History+in+International+Relations&rft.pages=137&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Puchala&rft.aufirst=Donald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito201045-117"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsposito201045_117-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFEsposito2010">Esposito (2010)</a>, p. 45. </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFAl-BiladhuriHitti1969" class="citation book cs1">Al-Biladhuri, Ahmad Ibn Jabir; Hitti, Philip (1969). Kitab Futuhu'l-Buldan. AMS Press. p. 219.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kitab+Futuhu%27l-Buldan&rft.pages=219&rft.pub=AMS+Press&rft.date=1969&rft.aulast=Al-Biladhuri&rft.aufirst=Ahmad+Ibn+Jabir&rft.au=Hitti%2C+Philip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELapidus200256-119"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELapidus200256_119-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFLapidus2002">Lapidus (2002)</a>, p. 56. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELewis199371–83-120"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELewis199371–83_120-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewis1993">Lewis (1993)</a>, pp. 71–83. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELapidus200286-121"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELapidus200286_121-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFLapidus2002">Lapidus (2002)</a>, p. 86. </li> <li id="cite_note-EB-Sufism-122"><a href="#cite_ref-EB-Sufism_122-0">↑</a> A chirim ya: Invalid <code><ref></code> tag; no text was provided for refs named <code>EB-Sufism</code></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELapidus200290,_91-123"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELapidus200290,_91_123-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFLapidus2002">Lapidus (2002)</a>, pp. 90, 91. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlankinship200838-39-124"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBlankinship200838-39_124-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlankinship2008">Blankinship (2008)</a>, pp. 38-39. </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">↑</a> Omar Hamdan Studien zur Kanonisierung des Korantextes: al-Ḥasan al-Baṣrīs Beiträge zur Geschichte des Korans Otto Harrassowitz Verlag 2006 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-3447053495" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-3447053495">978-3447053495</a> pp. 291–292 (German) </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlankinship200850-127"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBlankinship200850_127-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlankinship2008">Blankinship (2008)</a>, p. 50. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito201088-128"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsposito201088_128-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFEsposito2010">Esposito (2010)</a>, p. 88. </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFDoi1984" class="citation book cs1">Doi, Abdur Rahman (1984). Shariah: The Islamic Law. London: Ta-Ha Publishers. p. 110. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-907461-38-8" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-907461-38-8"><bdi>978-0-907461-38-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shariah%3A+The+Islamic+Law&rft.place=London&rft.pages=110&rft.pub=Ta-Ha+Publishers&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=978-0-907461-38-8&rft.aulast=Doi&rft.aufirst=Abdur+Rahman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">King, David A. (1983). "The Astronomy of the Mamluks". <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isis_(journal)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isis (journal) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Isis</a> 74 (4): 531–55. <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C9%99q%C9%99mli_obyektin_identifikatoru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rəqəmli obyektin identifikatoru (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/353360">10.1086/353360</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Serial_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Serial Number (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0021-1753">0021-1753</a>.</cite> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">↑</a> Hassan, Ahmad Y. 1996. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402150434/http://www.history-science-technology.com/articles/articles%208.html">Factors Behind the Decline of Islamic Science After the Sixteenth Century</a>." Pp. 351–99 in Islam and the Challenge of Modernity, edited by S. S. Al-Attas. Kuala Lumpur: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Khaldun_International_Institute_of_Advanced_Research&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibn Khaldun International Institute of Advanced Research (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization</a>. Archived from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history-science-technology.com/articles/articles%208.html">original</a> on 2 April 2015. </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ854295.pdf">Contributions of Islamic scholars to the scientific enterprise</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/science/2010/feb/01/islamic-science">The greatest scientific advances from the Muslim world</a> (February 2010). </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">↑</a> Jacquart, Danielle (2008). "Islamic Pharmacology in the Middle Ages: Theories and Substances". European Review (Cambridge University Press) 16: 219–227. </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">↑</a> David W. Tschanz, MSPH, PhD (August 2003). "Arab Roots of European Medicine", Heart Views 4 (2). </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/broughttolife/people/alrazi.aspx">Abu Bakr Mohammad Ibn Zakariya al-Razi (Rhazes) (c. 865-925)</a>. sciencemuseum.org.uk. </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">Alatas, Syed Farid (2006). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zenodo.org/record/29439">From Jami'ah to University: Multiculturalism and Christian–Muslim Dialogue</a>". <a href="/w/index.php?title=Current_Sociology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Current Sociology (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Current Sociology</a> 54 (1): 112–132. <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C9%99q%C9%99mli_obyektin_identifikatoru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rəqəmli obyektin identifikatoru (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011392106058837">10.1177/0011392106058837</a>.</cite> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFImamuddin1981" class="citation book cs1">Imamuddin, S.M. (1981). Muslim Spain 711–1492 AD. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brill Publishers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Brill Publishers</a>. p. 169. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-90-04-06131-6" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-90-04-06131-6"><bdi>978-90-04-06131-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muslim+Spain+711%E2%80%931492+AD&rft.pages=169&rft.pub=Brill+Publishers&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=978-90-04-06131-6&rft.aulast=Imamuddin&rft.aufirst=S.M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">Toomer, G. J. (Dec 1964). "Review Work: Matthias Schramm (1963) Ibn Al-Haythams Weg zur Physik". Isis 55 (4). “Schramm sums up [Ibn Al-Haytham's] achievement in the development of scientific method.”</cite> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">↑</a> Al-Khalili, Jim (4 January 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7810846.stm">"The 'first true scientist'"</a>. BBC News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7810846.stm">http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7810846.stm</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">Gorini, Rosanna (October 2003). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ishim.net/ishimj/4/10.pdf">Al-Haytham the man of experience. First steps in the science of vision</a>". Journal of the International Society for the History of Islamic Medicine 2 (4): 53–55.</cite> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal"> (May 2001) "On the prehistory of programmable machines: musical automata, looms, calculators". Mechanism and Machine Theory 36 (5): 589–603. <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C9%99q%C9%99mli_obyektin_identifikatoru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rəqəmli obyektin identifikatoru (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0094-114X(01)00005-2">10.1016/S0094-114X(01)00005-2</a>.</cite> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal"> (18 September 2007) "Stages in the History of Algebra with Implications for Teaching". Educational Studies in Mathematics 66 (2): 185–201. <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C9%99q%C9%99mli_obyektin_identifikatoru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rəqəmli obyektin identifikatoru (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10649-006-9023-7">10.1007/s10649-006-9023-7</a>.</cite> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFYoung1998" class="citation book cs1">Young, Mark (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/guinnessbookofwo1998newy">The Guinness Book of Records</a>. Bantam. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/guinnessbookofwo1998newy/page/242">242</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-553-57895-9" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-553-57895-9"><bdi>978-0-553-57895-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Guinness+Book+of+Records&rft.pages=242&rft.pub=Bantam&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-553-57895-9&rft.aulast=Young&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fguinnessbookofwo1998newy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brague_2009-152">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Brague_2009_152-0">147.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brague_2009_152-1">147.1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFBrague2009" class="citation book cs1">Brague, Rémi (2009). The Legend of the Middle Ages: Philosophical Explorations of Medieval Christianity, Judaism, and Islam. University of Chicago Press. p. 164. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/9780226070803" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/9780226070803"><bdi>9780226070803</bdi></a>. <q>Neither were there any Muslims among the Ninth-Century translators. Amost all of them were Christians of various Eastern denominations: Jacobites, Melchites, and, above all, Nestorians... A few others were Sabians.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Legend+of+the+Middle+Ages%3A+Philosophical+Explorations+of+Medieval+Christianity%2C+Judaism%2C+and+Islam&rft.pages=164&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9780226070803&rft.aulast=Brague&rft.aufirst=R%C3%A9mi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">↑</a> Hill, Donald. Islamic Science and Engineering. 1993. Edinburgh Univ. Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/0-7486-0455-3" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/0-7486-0455-3">0-7486-0455-3</a>, p.4 </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">↑</a> Rémi Brague, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.christiansofiraq.com/assyriancontributionstotheislamiccivilization.htm">Assyrians contributions to the Islamic civilization</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130927015958/http://www.christiansofiraq.com/assyriancontributionstotheislamiccivilization.htm">Archived</a> 2013-09-27 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><a href="#cite_ref-155">↑</a> Meri, Josef W. and Jere L. Bacharach. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MypbfKdMePIC&pg=PA304">"Medieval Islamic Civilization". Vol. 1 Index A–K</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024001/https://books.google.com/books?id=MypbfKdMePIC&pg=PA304#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> 28 Silimin gɔli December 2023 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wayback Machine</a>. 2006, p. 304. </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Saliba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Saliba (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Saliba, George</a>. 1994. A History of Arabic Astronomy: Planetary Theories During the Golden Age of Islam. New York: <a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="New York University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">New York University Press</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/0-8147-8023-7" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/0-8147-8023-7">0-8147-8023-7</a>. pp. 245, 250, 256–57. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEArnold1896125–258-157"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArnold1896125–258_157-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFArnold1896">Arnold (1896)</a>, pp. 125–258. </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yale.edu/yup/pdf/cim6.pdf">The Spread of Islam</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e1801?_hi=41&_pos=3">Ottoman Empire</a>. Oxford Islamic Studies Online (6 May 2008). </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFAdas1993" class="citation book cs1">Adas, Michael, ed. (1993). Islamic and European Expansion. Philadelphia: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Temple_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Temple University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Temple University Press</a>. p. 25.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islamic+and+European+Expansion&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.pages=25&rft.pub=Temple+University+Press&rft.date=1993&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFMetcalf2009" class="citation book cs1">Metcalf, Barbara (2009). Islam in South Asia in Practice. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Princeton_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Princeton University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Princeton University Press</a>. p. 104.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+in+South+Asia+in+Practice&rft.pages=104&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Metcalf&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeacock201920–22-162"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeacock201920–22_162-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFPeacock2019">Peacock (2019)</a>, p. 20–22. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEÇakmak20171425–1429-164"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEÇakmak20171425–1429_164-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFÇakmak2017">Çakmak (2017)</a>, pp. 1425–1429. </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="#cite_ref-165">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFFarmer1995" class="citation book cs1">Farmer, Edward L., ed. (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TCIjZ7l6TX8C&pg=PA82">Zhu Yuanzhang and Early Ming Legislation: The Reordering of Chinese Society Following the Era of Mongol Rule</a>. BRILL. p. 82. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/9004103910" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/9004103910"><bdi>9004103910</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024330/https://books.google.com/books?id=TCIjZ7l6TX8C&pg=PA82#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2023. Retrieved 19 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Zhu+Yuanzhang+and+Early+Ming+Legislation%3A+The+Reordering+of+Chinese+Society+Following+the+Era+of+Mongol+Rule&rft.pages=82&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=9004103910&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTCIjZ7l6TX8C%26pg%3DPA82&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><a href="#cite_ref-166">↑</a> Israeli, Raphael (2002). Islam in China. p. 292. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lexington_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lexington Books (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Lexington Books</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/0-7391-0375-X" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/0-7391-0375-X">0-7391-0375-X</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><a href="#cite_ref-167">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFDillon1999" class="citation book cs1">Dillon, Michael (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/chinasmuslimhuic00dill">China's Muslim Hui Community</a>. Curzon. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/chinasmuslimhuic00dill/page/n62">37</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-7007-1026-3" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-7007-1026-3"><bdi>978-0-7007-1026-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=China%27s+Muslim+Hui+Community&rft.pages=37&rft.pub=Curzon&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-7007-1026-3&rft.aulast=Dillon&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fchinasmuslimhuic00dill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">Subtelny, Maria Eva (November 1988). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-journal-of-middle-east-studies/article/socioeconomic-bases-of-cultural-patronage-under-the-later-timurids/2A0F3018EE155F23FC4A7F5F25D7DE6D">Socioeconomic Bases of Cultural Patronage under the Later Timurids</a>". <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Journal_of_Middle_East_Studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Journal of Middle East Studies (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">International Journal of Middle East Studies</a> 20 (4): 479–505. <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C9%99q%C9%99mli_obyektin_identifikatoru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rəqəmli obyektin identifikatoru (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0020743800053861">10.1017/S0020743800053861</a>.</cite> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Al-Tusi_Nasir/">Nasir al-Din al-Tusi</a>. University of St Andrews (1999). </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Al-Kashi/">Ghiyath al-Din Jamshid Mas'ud al-Kashi</a>. University of St Andrews (1999). </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFDrews2011" class="citation book cs1">Drews, Robert (August 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://my.vanderbilt.edu/robertdrews/files/2014/01/Chapter-Thirty.-The-Ottoman-Empire-Judaism-and-Eastern-Europe-to-1648.pdf">"Chapter Thirty – "The Ottoman Empire, Judaism, and Eastern Europe to 1648""</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://my.vanderbilt.edu/robertdrews/publications/">Coursebook: Judaism, Christianity and Islam, to the Beginnings of Modern Civilization</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanderbilt_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanderbilt University (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Vanderbilt University</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221226173808/https://my.vanderbilt.edu/robertdrews/publications/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 December 2022. Retrieved 21 April 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+Thirty+%E2%80%93+%22The+Ottoman+Empire%2C+Judaism%2C+and+Eastern+Europe+to+1648%22&rft.btitle=Coursebook%3A+Judaism%2C+Christianity+and+Islam%2C+to+the+Beginnings+of+Modern+Civilization&rft.pub=Vanderbilt+University&rft.date=2011-08&rft.aulast=Drews&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmy.vanderbilt.edu%2Frobertdrews%2Ffiles%2F2014%2F01%2FChapter-Thirty.-The-Ottoman-Empire-Judaism-and-Eastern-Europe-to-1648.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">↑</a> Peter B. Golden: An Introduction to the History of the Turkic Peoples; In: Osman Karatay, Ankara 2002, p. 321 </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFGilbert2017" class="citation cs2">Gilbert, Marc Jason (2017), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1dhKDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA75">South Asia in World History</a>, Oxford University Press, p. 75, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-066137-3" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-066137-3"><bdi>978-0-19-066137-3</bdi></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230922031915/https://books.google.com/books?id=1dhKDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA75">archived</a> from the original on 22 September 2023, retrieved 15 January 2023</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=South+Asia+in+World+History&rft.pages=75&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-0-19-066137-3&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=Marc+Jason&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1dhKDgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA75&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="#cite_ref-175">↑</a> Ga ́bor A ́goston, Bruce Alan Masters Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire <a href="/w/index.php?title=Infobase_Publishing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Infobase Publishing (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Infobase Publishing</a> 2010 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-4381-1025-7" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-4381-1025-7">978-1-4381-1025-7</a> p. 540 </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFAlgar1992" class="citation book cs1">Algar, Ayla Esen (1 January 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fc69BhBDjhwC&q=ottomans+sufism">The Dervish Lodge: Architecture, Art, and Sufism in Ottoman Turkey</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_California_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of California Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">University of California Press</a>. p. 15. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-520-07060-8" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-520-07060-8"><bdi>978-0-520-07060-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024414/https://books.google.com/books?id=fc69BhBDjhwC&q=ottomans+sufism#v=snippet&q=ottomans%20sufism&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2023. Retrieved 29 April 2020 – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Dervish+Lodge%3A+Architecture%2C+Art%2C+and+Sufism+in+Ottoman+Turkey&rft.pages=15&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.isbn=978-0-520-07060-8&rft.aulast=Algar&rft.aufirst=Ayla+Esen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dfc69BhBDjhwC%26q%3Dottomans%2Bsufism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><a href="#cite_ref-177">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/conversion-iii">CONVERSION To Imami Shiʿism in India</a> (English). Iranica Online. </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><a href="#cite_ref-178">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">Tucker, Ernest (1994). "Nadir Shah and the Ja 'fari Madhhab Reconsidered". Iranian Studies 27 (1–4): 163–179. <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C9%99q%C9%99mli_obyektin_identifikatoru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rəqəmli obyektin identifikatoru (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00210869408701825">10.1080/00210869408701825</a>.</cite> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFTucker2006" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Tucker, Ernest (29 March 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/nader-shah">"Nāder Shāh"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Iranica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Iranica (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Encyclopædia Iranica</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181225103212/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/nader-shah%20">Archived</a> from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 9 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=N%C4%81der+Sh%C4%81h&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Iranica&rft.date=2006-03-29&rft.aulast=Tucker&rft.aufirst=Ernest&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fnader-shah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-180">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_180-0">174.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_180-1">174.1</a> Mary Hawkesworth, Maurice Kogan Encyclopedia of Government and Politics: 2-volume set <a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Routledge</a> 2013 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-136-91332-7" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-136-91332-7">978-1-136-91332-7</a> pp. 270–271 </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito2010150-181"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsposito2010150_181-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFEsposito2010">Esposito (2010)</a>, p. 150. </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><a href="#cite_ref-182">↑</a> Richard Gauvain Salafi Ritual Purity: In the Presence of God <a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Routledge</a> 2013 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-7103-1356-0" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-7103-1356-0">978-0-7103-1356-0</a> p. 6 </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFSpevack2014" class="citation book cs1">Spevack, Aaron (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=htx8BAAAQBAJ">The Archetypal Sunni Scholar: Law, Theology, and Mysticism in the Synthesis of al-Bajuri</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=SUNY_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SUNY Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">SUNY Press</a>. pp. 129–130. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-4384-5371-2" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-4384-5371-2"><bdi>978-1-4384-5371-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024415/https://books.google.com/books?id=htx8BAAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Archetypal+Sunni+Scholar%3A+Law%2C+Theology%2C+and+Mysticism+in+the+Synthesis+of+al-Bajuri&rft.pages=129-130&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-4384-5371-2&rft.aulast=Spevack&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dhtx8BAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><a href="#cite_ref-184">↑</a> Donald Quataert The Ottoman Empire, 1700–1922 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cambridge_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cambridge University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Cambridge University Press</a> 2005 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-521-83910-5" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-521-83910-5">978-0-521-83910-5</a> p. 50 </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceE-185">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceE_185-0">179.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceE_185-1">179.1</a> Ga ́bor A ́goston, Bruce Alan Masters Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire <a href="/w/index.php?title=Infobase_Publishing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Infobase Publishing (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Infobase Publishing</a> 2010 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-4381-1025-7" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-4381-1025-7">978-1-4381-1025-7</a> p. 260 </li> <li id="cite_note-Musa-2022-186">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Musa-2022_186-0">180.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Musa-2022_186-1">180.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Musa-2022_186-2">180.2</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFMusa2022" class="citation thesis cs1">Musa, Shahajada Md (2022-08-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://repository.uwtsd.ac.uk/id/eprint/2096/">The Emergence of a Scholar from a Garrison Society: A contextual analysis of Muhammad Ibn Abd al-Wahhāb's doctrine in the light of the Qur'ān and Hadīth</a> (masters thesis) (in English). University of Wales Trinity Saint David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502100026/https://repository.uwtsd.ac.uk/id/eprint/2096/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 May 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=The+Emergence+of+a+Scholar+from+a+Garrison+Society%3A+A+contextual+analysis+of+Muhammad+Ibn+Abd+al-Wahh%C4%81b%27s+doctrine+in+the+light+of+the+Qur%27%C4%81n+and+Had%C4%ABth&rft.degree=masters&rft.inst=University+of+Wales+Trinity+Saint+David&rft.date=2022-08-23&rft.aulast=Musa&rft.aufirst=Shahajada+Md&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frepository.uwtsd.ac.uk%2Fid%2Feprint%2F2096%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><a href="#cite_ref-187">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.libyaherald.com/2013/09/04/graves-desecrated-in-mizdah/#axzz2jWG0vDDO">"Graves desecrated in Mizdah"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Libya_Herald&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Libya Herald (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Libya Herald</a>. 4 September 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.libyaherald.com/2013/09/04/graves-desecrated-in-mizdah/#axzz2jWG0vDDO">http://www.libyaherald.com/2013/09/04/graves-desecrated-in-mizdah/#axzz2jWG0vDDO</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito2010146-188"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsposito2010146_188-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFEsposito2010">Esposito (2010)</a>, p. 146. </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><a href="#cite_ref-189">↑</a> Nicolas Laos The Metaphysics of World Order: A Synthesis of Philosophy, Theology, and Politics <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wipf_and_Stock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wipf and Stock (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wipf and Stock</a> Publishers 2015 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-4982-0102-5" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-4982-0102-5">978-1-4982-0102-5</a> p. 177 </li> <li id="cite_note-190"><a href="#cite_ref-190">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFRubin2000" class="citation book cs1">Rubin, Barry M. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wEih57-GWQQC&pg=PA79">Guide to Islamist Movements</a>. M.E. Sharpe. p. 79. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/0-7656-1747-1" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/0-7656-1747-1"><bdi>0-7656-1747-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024259/https://books.google.com/books?id=wEih57-GWQQC&pg=PA79#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2023. Retrieved 28 June 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Guide+to+Islamist+Movements&rft.pages=79&rft.pub=M.E.+Sharpe&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-7656-1747-1&rft.aulast=Rubin&rft.aufirst=Barry+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwEih57-GWQQC%26pg%3DPA79&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito2010147-191"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsposito2010147_191-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFEsposito2010">Esposito (2010)</a>, p. 147. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito2010149-192"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsposito2010149_192-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFEsposito2010">Esposito (2010)</a>, p. 149. </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><a href="#cite_ref-193">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFRobert_L._Canfield2002" class="citation book cs1">Robert L. Canfield (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=g3JhKNSk8tQC&pg=PAPA131">Turko-Persia in Historical Perspective</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cambridge_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cambridge University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Cambridge University Press</a>. pp. 131–. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-521-52291-5" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-521-52291-5"><bdi>978-0-521-52291-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024259/https://books.google.com/books?id=g3JhKNSk8tQC&pg=PAPA131#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Turko-Persia+in+Historical+Perspective&rft.pages=131-&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-521-52291-5&rft.au=Robert+L.+Canfield&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dg3JhKNSk8tQC%26pg%3DPAPA131&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><a href="#cite_ref-194">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">Sanyal, Usha (23 July 1998). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/modern-asian-studies/article/generational-changes-in-the-leadership-of-the-ahle-sunnat-movement-in-north-india-during-the-twentieth-century/8AAAC4CFEFC4F4084731C3964A5CAE84">Generational Changes in the Leadership of the Ahl-e Sunnat Movement in North India during the twentieth Century</a>". <a href="/w/index.php?title=Modern_Asian_Studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Modern Asian Studies (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Modern Asian Studies</a> 32 (3): 635–656. <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C9%99q%C9%99mli_obyektin_identifikatoru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rəqəmli obyektin identifikatoru (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0026749X98003059">10.1017/S0026749X98003059</a>.</cite> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELapidus2002358,_378–380,_624-195"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELapidus2002358,_378–380,_624_195-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFLapidus2002">Lapidus (2002)</a>, pp. 358, 378–380, 624. </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><a href="#cite_ref-196">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">Buzpinar, Ş. Tufan (March 2007). "Celal Nuri's Concepts of Westernization and Religion". Middle Eastern Studies 43 (2): 247–258. <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C9%99q%C9%99mli_obyektin_identifikatoru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rəqəmli obyektin identifikatoru (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00263200601114091">10.1080/00263200601114091</a>.</cite> </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><a href="#cite_ref-197">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFLauziere2016" class="citation book cs1">Lauziere, Henri (2016). The Making of Salafism: Islamic Reform in the Twentieth Century. New York, Chichester, West Sussex: Columbia University Press. pp. 231–232. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-231-17550-0" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-231-17550-0"><bdi>978-0-231-17550-0</bdi></a>. <q>Beginning with Louis Massignon in 1919, it is true that Westerners played a leading role in labeling Islamic modernists as Salafis, even though the term was a misnomer. At the time, European and American scholars felt the need for a useful conceptual box to place Muslim figures such as Jamal al-Din al-Afghani, Muhammad Abduh, and their epigones, all of whom seemed inclined toward a scripturalist understanding of Islam but proved open to rationalism and Western modernity. They chose to adopt salafiyya—a technical term of theology, which they mistook for a reformist slogan and wrongly associated with all kinds of modernist Muslim intellectuals.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Making+of+Salafism%3A+Islamic+Reform+in+the+Twentieth+Century&rft.place=New+York%2C+Chichester%2C+West+Sussex&rft.pages=231-232&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-0-231-17550-0&rft.aulast=Lauziere&rft.aufirst=Henri&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><a href="#cite_ref-198">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/blogs/erasmus/2014/01/political-islam">"Political Islam: A movement in motion"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economist_Magazine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economist Magazine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Economist Magazine</a>. 3 January 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.economist.com/blogs/erasmus/2014/01/political-islam">https://www.economist.com/blogs/erasmus/2014/01/political-islam</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><a href="#cite_ref-199">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1957" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilfred_Cantwell_Smith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilfred Cantwell Smith (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Smith, Wilfred Cantwell</a> (1957). Islam in Modern History. Princeton University Press. p. 233. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/0-691-03030-8" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/0-691-03030-8"><bdi>0-691-03030-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+in+Modern+History&rft.pages=233&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1957&rft.isbn=0-691-03030-8&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Wilfred+Cantwell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Oxfordref-200"><a href="#cite_ref-Oxfordref_200-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100146176">Mecelle</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Oxford_Dictionary_of_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Oxford Dictionary of Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">The Oxford Dictionary of Islam</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-201"><a href="#cite_ref-201">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2000/488/chrncls.htm">"New Turkey"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Ahram_Weekly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Ahram Weekly (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Al-Ahram Weekly</a> (488). 29 June – 5 July 2000. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2000/488/chrncls.htm">http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2000/488/chrncls.htm</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><a href="#cite_ref-202">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.al-watan.com/article/230610/NEWS/%C2%AB%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%C2%BB-%D9%88%D9%82%D9%80%D9%80%D8%B5%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%80%D8%BA%D9%80%D9%80%D8%B2%D9%88-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%80%D8%B3%D9%80%D9%80%D9%84%D9%91%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D8%AD">«مملكة الحجاز».. وقــصـــة الـغــزو المـســلّـــح</a> (ar) (2020-05-05). </li> <li id="cite_note-203"><a href="#cite_ref-203">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">Bani Issa, Mohammad Saleh (2023-11-01). "Factors of stability and sustainable development in Jordan in its first centenary 1921–2021 (an analytical descriptive study)". Heliyon 9 (11): e20993. <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C9%99q%C9%99mli_obyektin_identifikatoru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rəqəmli obyektin identifikatoru (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20993">10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20993</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Serial_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Serial Number (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/2405-8440">2405-8440</a>. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37928029?dopt=Abstract">PMID 37928029</a>.</cite> </li> <li id="cite_note-والخلفاء-2023-204">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-والخلفاء-2023_204-0">198.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-والخلفاء-2023_204-1">198.1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFوالخلفاء2023" class="citation book cs1">والخلفاء, قصص الخلافة الإسلامية (2023-03-31). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_r-5EAAAQBAJ">قصص الخلافة الإسلامية والخلفاء</a> (in English). Austin Macauley Publishers. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-3984-9251-6" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-3984-9251-6"><bdi>978-1-3984-9251-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024259/https://books.google.com/books?id=_r-5EAAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2023. Retrieved 26 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B5+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1&rft.pub=Austin+Macauley+Publishers&rft.date=2023-03-31&rft.isbn=978-1-3984-9251-6&rft.aulast=%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1&rft.aufirst=%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B5+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_r-5EAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-205"><a href="#cite_ref-205">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFDoran1999" class="citation book cs1">Doran, Michael (1999). Pan-Arabism before Nasser: Egyptian power politics and the Palestine question. Studies in Middle Eastern history. New York Oxford: Oxford university press. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-512361-6" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-512361-6"><bdi>978-0-19-512361-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pan-Arabism+before+Nasser%3A+Egyptian+power+politics+and+the+Palestine+question&rft.place=New+York+Oxford&rft.series=Studies+in+Middle+Eastern+history&rft.pub=Oxford+university+press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-19-512361-6&rft.aulast=Doran&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><a href="#cite_ref-206">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFLandau1994" class="citation book cs1">Landau, Yaʿaqov M. (1994). The politics of Pan-Islam: ideology and organization ([Rev. and updated] paperback (with additions and corr.) ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-827709-5" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-827709-5"><bdi>978-0-19-827709-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+politics+of+Pan-Islam%3A+ideology+and+organization&rft.place=Oxford&rft.edition=%5BRev.+and+updated%5D+paperback+%28with+additions+and+corr.%29&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-19-827709-5&rft.aulast=Landau&rft.aufirst=Ya%CA%BFaqov+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-207"><a href="#cite_ref-207">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/country_profiles/1555062.stm">"Organization of the Islamic Conference"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=BBC_News&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BBC News (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">BBC News</a>. 26 December 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/country_profiles/1555062.stm">http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/country_profiles/1555062.stm</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaddadSmith2002271-208"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaddadSmith2002271_208-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFHaddadSmith2002">Haddad & Smith (2002)</a>, p. 271. </li> <li id="cite_note-209"><a href="#cite_ref-209">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFZabel2006" class="citation book cs1">Zabel, Darcy (2006). Arabs in the Americas: Interdisciplinary Essays on the Arab Diaspora. Austria: Peter Lang. p. 5. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/9780820481111" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/9780820481111"><bdi>9780820481111</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Arabs+in+the+Americas%3A+Interdisciplinary+Essays+on+the+Arab+Diaspora&rft.place=Austria&rft.pages=5&rft.pub=Peter+Lang&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780820481111&rft.aulast=Zabel&rft.aufirst=Darcy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pew_Research_Center-2011-210">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Pew_Research_Center-2011_210-0">204.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pew_Research_Center-2011_210-1">204.1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/the-future-of-the-global-muslim-population/">The Future of the Global Muslim Population</a> (Report). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pew_Research_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pew Research Center (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Pew Research Center</a>. 27 January 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110209094904/http://www.pewforum.org/The-Future-of-the-Global-Muslim-Population.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 9 February 2011. Retrieved 27 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=The+Future+of+the+Global+Muslim+Population&rft.pub=Pew+Research+Center&rft.date=2011-01-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2F2011%2F01%2F27%2Fthe-future-of-the-global-muslim-population%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> A chirim ya: Invalid <code><ref></code> tag; name "Pew Research Center-2011" defined multiple times with different content </li> <li id="cite_note-211"><a href="#cite_ref-211">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-212"><a href="#cite_ref-212">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-14447820">"Are secular forces being squeezed out of Arab Spring?"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=BBC_News&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BBC News (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">BBC News</a>. 9 August 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-14447820">https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-14447820</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-213"><a href="#cite_ref-213">↑</a> Slackman, Michael (23 December 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/24/world/middleeast/24jordan.html">"Jordanian students rebel, embracing conservative Islam"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Times&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="New York Times (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/24/world/middleeast/24jordan.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/24/world/middleeast/24jordan.html</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-214"><a href="#cite_ref-214">↑</a> Kirkpatrick, David D. (3 December 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/04/world/middleeast/egypts-vote-propels-islamic-law-into-spotlight.html">"Egypt's vote puts emphasis on split over religious rule"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_New_York_Times&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The New York Times (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/04/world/middleeast/egypts-vote-propels-islamic-law-into-spotlight.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/04/world/middleeast/egypts-vote-propels-islamic-law-into-spotlight.html</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-215"><a href="#cite_ref-215">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFLauziere2016" class="citation book cs1">Lauziere, Henri (2016). The Making of Salafism: Islamic Reform in the Twentieth Century. New York, Chichester, West Sussex: Columbia University Press. p. 237. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-231-17550-0" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-231-17550-0"><bdi>978-0-231-17550-0</bdi></a>. <q>Prior to the fall of the Ottoman Empire, leading reformers who happened to be Salafi in creed were surprisingly open-minded: although they adhered to neo-Hanbali theology. However, the aftermath of the First World War and the expansion of European colonialism paved the way for a series of shifts in thought and attitude. The experiences of Rida offer many examples... he turned against the Shi'is who dared, with reason, to express doubts about the Saudi-Wahhabi project... . Shi'is were not the only victims: Rida and his associates showed their readiness to turn against fellow Salafis who questioned some of the Wahhabis' religious interpretations.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Making+of+Salafism%3A+Islamic+Reform+in+the+Twentieth+Century&rft.place=New+York%2C+Chichester%2C+West+Sussex&rft.pages=237&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-0-231-17550-0&rft.aulast=Lauziere&rft.aufirst=Henri&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-216"><a href="#cite_ref-216">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFG._Rabil2014" class="citation book cs1">G. Rabil, Robert (2014). Salafism in Lebanon: From Apoliticism to Transnational Jihadism. Washington DC, US: Georgetown University Press. pp. 32–33. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-62616-116-0" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-62616-116-0"><bdi>978-1-62616-116-0</bdi></a>. <q>Western colonialists established in these countries political orders... that, even though not professing enmity to Islam and its institutions, left no role for Islam in society. This caused a crisis among Muslim reformists, who felt betrayed not only by the West but also by those nationalists, many of whom were brought to power by the West... Nothing reflects this crisis more than the ideological transformation of Rashid Rida (1865–1935)... He also revived the works of Ibn Taymiyah by publishing his writings and promoting his ideas. Subsequently, taking note of the cataclysmic events brought about by Western policies in the Muslim world and shocked by the abolition of the caliphate, he transformed into a Muslim intellectual mostly concerned about protecting Muslim culture, identity, and politics from Western influence. He supported a theory that essentially emphasized the necessity of an Islamic state in which the scholars of Islam would have a leading role... Rida was a forerunner of Islamist thought. He apparently intended to provide a theoretical platform for a modern Islamic state. His ideas were later incorporated into the works of Islamic scholars. Significantly, his ideas influenced none other than Hassan al-Bannah, founder of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt... The Muslim Brethren have taken up Rida's Islamic fundamentalism, a right-wing radical movement founded in 1928,..</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Salafism+in+Lebanon%3A+From+Apoliticism+to+Transnational+Jihadism&rft.place=Washington+DC%2C+US&rft.pages=32-33&rft.pub=Georgetown+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-62616-116-0&rft.aulast=G.+Rabil&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-217"><a href="#cite_ref-217">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/nov/14/isis-gold-silver-copper-islamic-dinar-coins">"Isis to mint own Islamic dinar coins in gold, silver and copper"</a>. The Guardian. 21 November 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/nov/14/isis-gold-silver-copper-islamic-dinar-coins">https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/nov/14/isis-gold-silver-copper-islamic-dinar-coins</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-218"><a href="#cite_ref-218">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/6604643.stm">"Huge rally for Turkish secularism"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=BBC_News&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BBC News (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">BBC News</a>. 29 April 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/6604643.stm">http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/6604643.stm</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-219"><a href="#cite_ref-219">↑</a> Saleh, Heba (15 October 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/6053380.stm">"Tunisia moves against headscarves"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=BBC_News&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BBC News (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">BBC News</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/6053380.stm">http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/6053380.stm</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-220"><a href="#cite_ref-220">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/node/9409354?story_id=9409354">"Laying down the law: Islam's authority deficit"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Economist&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Economist (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">The Economist</a>. 28 June 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.economist.com/node/9409354?story_id=9409354">http://www.economist.com/node/9409354?story_id=9409354</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-221"><a href="#cite_ref-221">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFBoweringMirzaCrone2013" class="citation book cs1">Bowering, Gerhard; Mirza, Mahan; Crone, Patricia (2013). The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought. Princeton University Press. p. 59. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/9780691134840" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/9780691134840"><bdi>9780691134840</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Princeton+Encyclopedia+of+Islamic+Political+Thought&rft.pages=59&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9780691134840&rft.aulast=Bowering&rft.aufirst=Gerhard&rft.au=Mirza%2C+Mahan&rft.au=Crone%2C+Patricia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-222"><a href="#cite_ref-222">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna27256187">Ultraconservative Islam on rise in Mideast</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=MSNBC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MSNBC (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">MSNBC</a> (18 October 2008). </li> <li id="cite_note-223"><a href="#cite_ref-223">↑</a> Almukhtar, Sarah; Peçanha, Sergio; Wallace, Tim (5 January 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/01/04/world/middleeast/sunni-shiite-map-middle-east-iran-saudi-arabia.html">"Behind Stark Political Divisions, a More Complex Map of Sunnis and Shiites"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_New_York_Times&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The New York Times (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/01/04/world/middleeast/sunni-shiite-map-middle-east-iran-saudi-arabia.html">https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/01/04/world/middleeast/sunni-shiite-map-middle-east-iran-saudi-arabia.html</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-224"><a href="#cite_ref-224">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/01/06/muslims-islam-china-india-myanmar-persecution-repression-biden-human-rights/">Why the Persecution of Muslims Should Be on Biden's Agenda</a> (English). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_Policy_Magazine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Foreign Policy Magazine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Foreign Policy Magazine</a> (6 January 2021). </li> <li id="cite_note-225"><a href="#cite_ref-225">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFPerrin2003" class="citation magazine cs1">Perrin, Andrew (10 October 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,428133,00.html">"Weakness in numbers"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Time_(magazine)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Time (magazine) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Time</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130924035829/http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,428133,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 September 2013. Retrieved 24 September 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Weakness+in+numbers&rft.date=2003-10-10&rft.aulast=Perrin&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C428133%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-226"><a href="#cite_ref-226">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/china-islam-mental-illness-cured-181127135358356.html">For China, Islam is a 'mental illness' that needs to be 'cured'</a> (English). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Jazeera_English&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Jazeera English (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Al Jazeera</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-227"><a href="#cite_ref-227">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFMojzes2011" class="citation book cs1">Mojzes, Paul (2011). Balkan Genocides: Holocaust and Ethnic Cleansing in the Twentieth Century. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 178. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-4422-0663-2" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-4422-0663-2"><bdi>978-1-4422-0663-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Balkan+Genocides%3A+Holocaust+and+Ethnic+Cleansing+in+the+Twentieth+Century&rft.pages=178&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-4422-0663-2&rft.aulast=Mojzes&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-228"><a href="#cite_ref-228">↑</a> Oliver Holmes (19 December 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/dec/19/myanmars-rohingya-campaign-may-be-against-humanity">"Myanmar's Rohingya campaign 'may be crime against humanity'"</a>. The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/dec/19/myanmars-rohingya-campaign-may-be-against-humanity">https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/dec/19/myanmars-rohingya-campaign-may-be-against-humanity</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-229"><a href="#cite_ref-229">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/12/19/rohingya-abuse-may-be-crimes-against-humanity-amnesty/">Rohingya abuse may be crimes against humanity: Amnesty</a> (19 December 2016). </li> <li id="cite_note-230"><a href="#cite_ref-230">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/HRC/MyanmarFFM/Pages/ReportoftheMyanmarFFM.aspx">Report of Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on Myanmar</a> (27 August 2018). </li> <li id="cite_note-231"><a href="#cite_ref-231">↑</a> Slackman, Michael (28 January 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/28/weekinreview/28slackman.html">"In Egypt, a new battle begins over the veil"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_New_York_Times&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The New York Times (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/28/weekinreview/28slackman.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/28/weekinreview/28slackman.html</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENigosian200441-232"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENigosian200441_232-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFNigosian2004">Nigosian (2004)</a>, p. 41. </li> <li id="cite_note-233"><a href="#cite_ref-233">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/node/21534763">"Islamic televangelist; holy smoke"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Economist&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Economist (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">The Economist</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.economist.com/node/21534763">http://www.economist.com/node/21534763</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito2010263-234"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsposito2010263_234-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFEsposito2010">Esposito (2010)</a>, p. 263. </li> <li id="cite_note-235"><a href="#cite_ref-235">↑</a> V. Šisler: The Internet and the Construction of Islamic Knowledge in Europe p. 212 </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito2004118–119,_179-236"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsposito2004118–119,_179_236-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFEsposito2004">Esposito (2004)</a>, pp. 118–119, 179. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERippin2001288-237"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERippin2001288_237-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFRippin2001">Rippin (2001)</a>, p. 288. </li> <li id="cite_note-238"><a href="#cite_ref-238">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFAdams,_Charles_J.1983" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Charles J. (1983). "Maududi and the Islamic State". In Esposito, John L. (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/voicesofresurgen00hcen">Voices of Resurgent Islam</a>. Oxford University Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/voicesofresurgen00hcen/page/113">113–4</a>. <q>[Maududi believed that] when religion is relegated to the personal realm, men inevitably give way to their bestial impulses and perpetrate evil upon one another. In fact it is precisely because they wish to escape the restraints of morality and the divine guidance that men espouse secularism.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Maududi+and+the+Islamic+State&rft.btitle=Voices+of+Resurgent+Islam&rft.pages=113-4&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1983&rft.au=Adams%2C+Charles+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fvoicesofresurgen00hcen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-239"><a href="#cite_ref-239">↑</a> Meisami, Sayeh (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780195390155/obo-9780195390155-0034.xml">'Abdolkarim Soroush</a> (en). </li> <li id="cite_note-240"><a href="#cite_ref-240">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFAbdullah_Saeed2017" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Abdullah Saeed (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/abstract/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199988457.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199988457-e-12">"Secularism, State Neutrality, and Islam"</a>. In Phil Zuckerman; John R. Shook (eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Secularism. p. 188. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Foxfordhb%2F9780199988457.013.12">10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199988457.013.12</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-998845-7" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-998845-7"><bdi>978-0-19-998845-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210903020955/https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/abstract/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199988457.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199988457-e-12">Archived</a> from the original on 3 September 2021. Retrieved 7 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Secularism%2C+State+Neutrality%2C+and+Islam&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Handbook+of+Secularism&rft.pages=188&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Foxfordhb%2F9780199988457.013.12&rft.isbn=978-0-19-998845-7&rft.au=Abdullah+Saeed&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordhandbooks.com%2Fabstract%2F10.1093%2Foxfordhb%2F9780199988457.001.0001%2Foxfordhb-9780199988457-e-12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Subscription_required&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Subscription required (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Subscription required</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-241"><a href="#cite_ref-241">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFNader_Hashemi2009" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Nader Hashemi (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001/acref-9780195305135-e-0714">"Secularism"</a>. In John L. Esposito (ed.). The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-530513-5" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-530513-5"><bdi>978-0-19-530513-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221206153300/https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001/acref-9780195305135-e-0714">Archived</a> from the original on 6 December 2022. Retrieved 7 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Secularism&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+the+Islamic+World&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-19-530513-5&rft.au=Nader+Hashemi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordreference.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195305135.001.0001%2Facref-9780195305135-e-0714&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Subscription_required&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Subscription required (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Subscription required</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-242"><a href="#cite_ref-242">↑</a> <a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MuslimWorldDemographics2022.png">Data taken from various sources, see description in link</a>. Wikimedia Commons (22 August 2022). </li> <li id="cite_note-pewresearch.orgReligion-243"><a href="#cite_ref-pewresearch.orgReligion_243-0">↑</a> A chirim ya: Invalid <code><ref></code> tag; no text was provided for refs named <code>pewresearch.orgReligion</code></li> <li id="cite_note-244"><a href="#cite_ref-244">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/muslim-population-by-country">Muslim Population by Country 2023</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-245"><a href="#cite_ref-245">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2011/01/27/the-future-of-the-global-muslim-population/">The Future of the Global Muslim Population</a> (27 January 2011). </li> <li id="cite_note-246"><a href="#cite_ref-246">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/08/09/muslims-and-islam-key-findings-in-the-u-s-and-around-the-world/">Muslims and Islam: Key findings in the U.S. and around the world</a> (9 August 2017). </li> <li id="cite_note-247"><a href="#cite_ref-247">↑</a> Lipka, Michael, and Conrad Hackett. [2015] 6 April 2017. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/04/06/why-muslims-are-the-worlds-fastest-growing-religious-group/">Why Muslims are the world's fastest-growing religious group</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190514123559/https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/04/06/why-muslims-are-the-worlds-fastest-growing-religious-group/">Archived</a> 14 Silimin gɔli May 2019 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wayback Machine</a>" (data analysis). Fact Tank. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pew_Research_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pew Research Center (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Pew Research Center</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-248"><a href="#cite_ref-248">↑</a> David B. Barrett, George T. Kurian, and Todd M. Johnson, World Christian Encyclopedia: A comparative survey of churches and religions in the modern world, Vol. 1: The world by countries: religionists, churches, ministries 2d ed. (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 2001), 4. </li> <li id="cite_note-pew2015-249"><a href="#cite_ref-pew2015_249-0">↑</a> Pew Forum for Religion & Public Life. April 2015. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2015/03/PF_15.04.02_ProjectionsFullReport.pdf">The Future of World Religions: Population Growth Projections, 2010–2050</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201211090450/http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2015/03/PF_15.04.02_ProjectionsFullReport.pdf">Archived</a> 11 Silimin gɔli December 2020 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wayback Machine</a>." <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pew_Research_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pew Research Center (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Pew Research Center</a>. p. 70 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/religious-projections-2010-2050/">Article</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201207093700/https://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/religious-projections-2010-2050/">Archived</a> 7 Silimin gɔli December 2020 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wayback Machine</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPew_Forum_for_Religion_&_Public_Life20091-250">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPew_Forum_for_Religion_&_Public_Life20091_250-0">244.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPew_Forum_for_Religion_&_Public_Life20091_250-1">244.1</a> <a href="#CITEREFPew_Forum_for_Religion_&_Public_Life2009">Pew Forum for Religion & Public Life (2009)</a>, p. 1. "Of the total Muslim population, 10–13% are Shia Muslims and 87–90% are Sunni Muslims." </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPew_Forum_for_Religion_&_Public_Life200911-251"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPew_Forum_for_Religion_&_Public_Life200911_251-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFPew_Forum_for_Religion_&_Public_Life2009">Pew Forum for Religion & Public Life (2009)</a>, p. 11. </li> <li id="cite_note-252"><a href="#cite_ref-252">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFBa-YunusKone,_Kassim2006" class="citation book cs1">Ba-Yunus, Ilyas; Kone, Kassim (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/muslimsunitedsta00bayu">Muslims in the United States</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Greenwood_Publishing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Greenwood Publishing (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Greenwood Publishing</a> Group. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/muslimsunitedsta00bayu/page/n186">172</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-313-32825-1" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-313-32825-1"><bdi>978-0-313-32825-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muslims+in+the+United+States&rft.pages=172&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-313-32825-1&rft.aulast=Ba-Yunus&rft.aufirst=Ilyas&rft.au=Kone%2C+Kassim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmuslimsunitedsta00bayu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-253"><a href="#cite_ref-253">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/muslim-majority-countries">Muslim Majority Countries 2021</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-254"><a href="#cite_ref-254">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pew_Forum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pew Forum (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">The Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life</a>. December 2012. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2014/01/global-religion-full.pdf">The Global Religious Landscape: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Major Religious Groups as of 2010</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180323215026/http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2014/01/global-religion-full.pdf">Archived</a> 23 Silimin gɔli March 2018 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wayback Machine</a>." DC: Pew Research Center. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/2012/12/18/global-religious-landscape-exec/">Article</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180926222120/http://www.pewforum.org/2012/12/18/global-religious-landscape-exec/">Archived</a> 26 Silimin gɔli September 2018 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wayback Machine</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-255"><a href="#cite_ref-255">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/amp/features/2018/03/07/islam-in-russia/">Islam in Russia</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anadolu_Agency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anadolu Agency (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Anadolu News Agency</a> (7 March 2018). </li> <li id="cite_note-256"><a href="#cite_ref-256">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/book-review-russia-s-muslim-heartlands-reveals-diverse-population-1.723230">"Book review: Russia's Muslim Heartlands reveals diverse population"</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_National_(Abu_Dhabi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The National (Abu Dhabi) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">The National</a>, 21 April 2018, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190114210257/https://www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/book-review-russia-s-muslim-heartlands-reveals-diverse-population-1.723230">archived</a> from the original on 14 January 2019, retrieved 13 January 2019</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+National&rft.atitle=Book+review%3A+Russia%27s+Muslim+Heartlands+reveals+diverse+population&rft.date=2018-04-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenational.ae%2Farts-culture%2Fbook-review-russia-s-muslim-heartlands-reveals-diverse-population-1.723230&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-257"><a href="#cite_ref-257">↑</a> Pew Forum for Religion and Public Life. April 2015. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/muslims/pf_15-04-02_projectionstables74/">10 Countries With the Largest Muslim Populations, 2010 and 2050</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170207115222/http://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/muslims/pf_15-04-02_projectionstables74/">Archived</a> 7 Silimin gɔli February 2017 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wayback Machine</a>" (projections table). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pew_Research_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pew Research Center (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Pew Research Center</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-258"><a href="#cite_ref-258">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/usnews/graphics/religion/islams_global_reach.htm">Secrets of Islam</a>. Information provided by the International Population Center, Department of Geography, <a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Diego_State_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Diego State University (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">San Diego State University</a> (2005). </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPew_Forum_for_Religion_&_Public_Life200915,_17-259"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPew_Forum_for_Religion_&_Public_Life200915,_17_259-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFPew_Forum_for_Religion_&_Public_Life2009">Pew Forum for Religion & Public Life (2009)</a>, pp. 15, 17. </li> <li id="cite_note-260"><a href="#cite_ref-260">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFPechilisRaj2013" class="citation book cs1">Pechilis, Karen; Raj, Selva J. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kaubzRxh-U0C">South Asian Religions: Tradition and Today</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Routledge</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kaubzRxh-U0C&pg=PA193">193</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-415-44851-2" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-415-44851-2"><bdi>978-0-415-44851-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024331/https://books.google.com/books?id=kaubzRxh-U0C">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2023. Retrieved 3 May 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=South+Asian+Religions%3A+Tradition+and+Today&rft.pages=193&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-415-44851-2&rft.aulast=Pechilis&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft.au=Raj%2C+Selva+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkaubzRxh-U0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-261"><a href="#cite_ref-261">↑</a> Margaret Kleffner Nydell <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZNoiieefqAcC">Understanding Arabs: A Guide For Modern Times</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024737/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZNoiieefqAcC">Archived</a> 28 Silimin gɔli December 2023 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wayback Machine</a>, Intercultural Press, 2005, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/1931930252" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/1931930252">1931930252</a>, page xxiii, 14 </li> <li id="cite_note-262"><a href="#cite_ref-262">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFRichard_Eaton2009" class="citation book cs1">Richard Eaton (8 September 2009). "Forest Clearing and the Growth of Islam in Bengal". In Barbara D. Metcalf (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pR0LzVCpfw8C">Islam in South Asia in Practice</a>. Princeton University Press. p. 275. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-4008-3138-8" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-4008-3138-8"><bdi>978-1-4008-3138-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Forest+Clearing+and+the+Growth+of+Islam+in+Bengal&rft.btitle=Islam+in+South+Asia+in+Practice&rft.pages=275&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2009-09-08&rft.isbn=978-1-4008-3138-8&rft.au=Richard+Eaton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpR0LzVCpfw8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-263"><a href="#cite_ref-263">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFMeghna_GuhathakurtaWillem_van_Schendel2013" class="citation book cs1">Meghna Guhathakurta; Willem van Schendel (30 April 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=haGORCJRlOUC&pg=PA50">The Bangladesh Reader: History, Culture, Politics</a>. Duke University Press. p. 50. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0822353188" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0822353188"><bdi>978-0822353188</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230707092408/https://books.google.com/books?id=haGORCJRlOUC&pg=PA50">Archived</a> from the original on 7 July 2023. Retrieved 7 November 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bangladesh+Reader%3A+History%2C+Culture%2C+Politics&rft.pages=50&rft.pub=Duke+University+Press&rft.date=2013-04-30&rft.isbn=978-0822353188&rft.au=Meghna+Guhathakurta&rft.au=Willem+van+Schendel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhaGORCJRlOUC%26pg%3DPA50&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-264"><a href="#cite_ref-264">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFGandhi2013" class="citation book cs1">Gandhi, Rajmohan (2013). Punjab: A History from Aurangzeb to Mountbatten. New Delhi, India, Urbana, <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a>: Aleph Book Company. p. 1. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-93-83064-41-0" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-93-83064-41-0"><bdi>978-93-83064-41-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Punjab%3A+A+History+from+Aurangzeb+to+Mountbatten&rft.place=New+Delhi%2C+India%2C+Urbana%2C+Illinois&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=Aleph+Book+Company&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-93-83064-41-0&rft.aulast=Gandhi&rft.aufirst=Rajmohan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988">. </li> <li id="cite_note-265"><a href="#cite_ref-265">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/china/">Explore All Countries – China</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_World_Factbook&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The World Factbook (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">The World Factbook</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Intelligence_Agency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Intelligence Agency (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Central Intelligence Agency</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-266"><a href="#cite_ref-266">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2006/71338.htm">China (includes Hong Kong, Macau, and Tibet)</a>. U.S. Department of State. </li> <li id="cite_note-267"><a href="#cite_ref-267">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4385768.stm">"Muslims in Europe: Country guide"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=BBC_News&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BBC News (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">BBC News</a>. 23 December 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4385768.stm">http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4385768.stm</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-268"><a href="#cite_ref-268">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFHackett2017" class="citation cs2">Hackett, Conrad (November 29, 2017), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/11/29/5-facts-about-the-muslim-population-in-europe/">"5 facts about the Muslim population in Europe"</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pew_Research_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pew Research Center (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Pew Research Center</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190105202657/http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/11/29/5-facts-about-the-muslim-population-in-europe/">archived</a> from the original on 5 January 2019, retrieved 17 January 2023</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pew+Research+Center&rft.atitle=5+facts+about+the+Muslim+population+in+Europe&rft.date=2017-11-29&rft.aulast=Hackett&rft.aufirst=Conrad&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewresearch.org%2Ffact-tank%2F2017%2F11%2F29%2F5-facts-about-the-muslim-population-in-europe%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-269"><a href="#cite_ref-269">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-related-factors/#conversion">"Conversion"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/the-future-of-the-global-muslim-population/">The Future of the Global Muslim Population</a> (Report). Pew Research Center. 27 January 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181224211126/http://www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/the-future-of-the-global-muslim-population/">Archived</a> from the original on 24 December 2018. Retrieved 12 May 2020. <q>there is no substantial net gain or loss in the number of Muslims through conversion globally; the number of people who become Muslims through conversion seems to be roughly equal to the number of Muslims who leave the faith</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=The+Future+of+the+Global+Muslim+Population&rft.pub=Pew+Research+Center&rft.date=2011-01-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2F2011%2F01%2F27%2Ffuture-of-the-global-muslim-population-related-factors%2F%23conversion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-270"><a href="#cite_ref-270">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/files/2015/03/PF_15.04.02_ProjectionsFullReport.pdf">Cumulative Change Due to Religious Switching, 2010–2050, p.43</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-271"><a href="#cite_ref-271">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/2017/04/05/the-changing-global-religious-landscape/">The Changing Global Religious Landscape</a>. Pew Research Center (5 April 2017). </li> <li id="cite_note-272"><a href="#cite_ref-272">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/9704/14/egypt.islam/">"Fast-growing Islam winning converts in Western world"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=CNN&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CNN (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">CNN</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/9704/14/egypt.islam/">http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/9704/14/egypt.islam/</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-273"><a href="#cite_ref-273">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://artsweb.bham.ac.uk/bmms/2000/06June00.asp#Women%20convert">British Muslims Monthly Survey for June 2000, Vol. VIII, No. 6</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-274"><a href="#cite_ref-274">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffpost.com/entry/post-911-islam-converts_n_935572">Conversion To Islam One Result Of Post-9/11 Curiosity</a> (en) (2011-08-24). </li> <li id="cite_note-275"><a href="#cite_ref-275">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://standpointmag.co.uk/features-may-10-why-do-western-women-convert-julie-bindel-islam-female-conversion">Why do Western Women Convert?</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Standpoint_(magazine)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Standpoint (magazine) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Standpoint</a> (26 April 2010). </li> <li id="cite_note-276"><a href="#cite_ref-276">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/04/06/why-muslims-are-the-worlds-fastest-growing-religious-group/">Why Muslims are the world's fastest-growing religious group</a> (en-US) (April 6, 2017). </li> <li id="cite_note-pew20152-277">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-pew20152_277-0">271.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-pew20152_277-1">271.1</a> Pew Forum for Religion & Public Life. April 2015. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2015/03/PF_15.04.02_ProjectionsFullReport.pdf">The Future of World Religions: Population Growth Projections, 2010–2050</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201211090450/http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2015/03/PF_15.04.02_ProjectionsFullReport.pdf">Archived</a> 11 Silimin gɔli December 2020 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wayback Machine</a>." <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pew_Research_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pew Research Center (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Pew Research Center</a>. p. 70 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/religious-projections-2010-2050/">Article</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201207093700/https://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/religious-projections-2010-2050/">Archived</a> 7 Silimin gɔli December 2020 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wayback Machine</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-278"><a href="#cite_ref-278">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Sunni">"Sunni"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150430101807/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/574006/Sunnite">Archived</a> from the original on 30 April 2015. Retrieved 17 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sunni&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FSunni&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-279"><a href="#cite_ref-279">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFEsposito2014" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Esposito, John L., ed. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181005013247/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e2280">"Sunni Islam"</a>. The Oxford Dictionary of Islam. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e2280">the original</a> on 5 October 2018. Retrieved 10 January 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sunni+Islam&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+Islam&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordislamicstudies.com%2Farticle%2Fopr%2Ft125%2Fe2280&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-280"><a href="#cite_ref-280">↑</a> Denny, Frederick. 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=D5_N97bAiJ0C&pg=PA3">Sunni Islam: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide</a>. Oxford: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. p. 3. "Sunni Islam is the dominant division of the global Muslim community, and throughout history it has made up a substantial majority (85 to 90%) of that community." </li> <li id="cite_note-281"><a href="#cite_ref-281">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFYavuz1994" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Yavuz, Yusuf Şevki (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/ehl-i-sunnet">"Ahl as-Sunnah"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_Ansiklopedisi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam Ansiklopedisi (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Islam Ansiklopedisi</a> (in Turkish). 10. Istanbul: Turkish Diyanet Foundation. pp. 525–530. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211228114411/https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/ehl-i-sunnet">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 28 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ahl+as-Sunnah&rft.btitle=Islam+Ansiklopedisi&rft.place=Istanbul&rft.pages=525-530&rft.pub=Turkish+Diyanet+Foundation&rft.date=1994&rft.aulast=Yavuz&rft.aufirst=Yusuf+%C5%9Eevki&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fislamansiklopedisi.org.tr%2Fehl-i-sunnet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-282"><a href="#cite_ref-282">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Richard_Thackrah2013" class="citation book cs1">John Richard Thackrah (2013). Dictionary of Terrorism (2, revised ed.). Routledge. p. 252. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1135165956" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1135165956"><bdi>978-1135165956</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Terrorism&rft.pages=252&rft.edition=2%2C+revised&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1135165956&rft.au=John+Richard+Thackrah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-283"><a href="#cite_ref-283">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFNasir2009" class="citation book cs1">Nasir, Jamal J., ed. (2009). The Status of Women Under Islamic Law and Modern Islamic Legislation (revised ed.). Brill. p. 11. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-9004172739" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-9004172739"><bdi>978-9004172739</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Status+of+Women+Under+Islamic+Law+and+Modern+Islamic+Legislation&rft.pages=11&rft.edition=revised&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-9004172739&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-284"><a href="#cite_ref-284">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFGeorge_W._Braswell2000" class="citation book cs1">George W. Braswell (2000). What You Need to Know about Islam & Muslims (illustrated ed.). B&H Publishing Group. p. 62. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0805418293" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0805418293"><bdi>978-0805418293</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=What+You+Need+to+Know+about+Islam+%26+Muslims&rft.pages=62&rft.edition=illustrated&rft.pub=B%26H+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0805418293&rft.au=George+W.+Braswell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-285"><a href="#cite_ref-285">↑</a> An Introduction to the Hadith. John Burton. Published by Edinburgh University Press. 1996. p. 201. Cite: "Sunni: Of or pertaining sunna, especially the Sunna of the Prophet. Used in conscious opposition to Shi'a, Shi'í. There being no ecclesia or centralized magisterium, the translation 'orthodox' is inappropriate. To the Muslim 'unorthodox' implies heretical, mubtadi, from bid'a, the contrary of sunna and so 'innovation'." </li> <li id="cite_note-Lexico-286"><a href="#cite_ref-Lexico_286-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lexico.com/definition/sharia">sharia</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-287"><a href="#cite_ref-287">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-288"><a href="#cite_ref-288">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html">Field Listing :: Religions</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Intelligence_Agency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Intelligence Agency (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Central Intelligence Agency</a>. “Sunni Islam accounts for over 75% of the world's Muslim population." ... "Shia Islam represents 10–15% of Muslims worldwide.” </li> <li id="cite_note-289"><a href="#cite_ref-289">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/sunni">Sunni</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Berkley_Center_for_Religion,_Peace,_and_World_Affairs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs</a>. “Sunni Islam is the largest denomination of Islam, comprising about 85% of the world's over 1.5 billion Muslims.” </li> <li id="cite_note-290"><a href="#cite_ref-290">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFNewman" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Newman, Andrew J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Shii">Shiʿi</a>. Encyclopedia Britannica. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190720054917/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Shii">Archived</a> from the original on 20 July 2019. Retrieved 28 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shi%CA%BFi&rft.pub=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=Andrew+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FShii&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-291"><a href="#cite_ref-291">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFTayeb_El-Hibri,_Maysam_J._al_Faruqi2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Tayeb El-Hibri, Maysam J. al Faruqi (2004). "Sunni Islam". In Philip Mattar (ed.). The Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East and North Africa (2nd ed.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Macmillan_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Macmillan Publishers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">MacMillan</a> Reference.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sunni+Islam&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+the+Modern+Middle+East+and+North+Africa&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=MacMillan+Reference&rft.date=2004&rft.au=Tayeb+El-Hibri%2C+Maysam+J.+al+Faruqi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-292"><a href="#cite_ref-292">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Corrigan,_Frederick_Denny,_Martin_S_Jaffee,_Carlos_Eire2011" class="citation book cs1">John Corrigan, Frederick Denny, Martin S Jaffee, Carlos Eire (2011). Jews, Christians, Muslims: A Comparative Introduction to Monotheistic Religions. Cambridge University Press. 978-0205026340.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jews%2C+Christians%2C+Muslims%3A+A+Comparative+Introduction+to+Monotheistic+Religions&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.au=John+Corrigan%2C+Frederick+Denny%2C+Martin+S+Jaffee%2C+Carlos+Eire&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988">CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-293"><a href="#cite_ref-293">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFRobert_Brenton_Betts2013" class="citation book cs1">Robert Brenton Betts (31 July 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vFq_KUqqWJMC&pg=PA15">The Sunni-Shi'a Divide: Islam's Internal Divisions and Their Global Consequences</a>. Potomac Books. pp. 14–15. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-61234-522-2" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-61234-522-2"><bdi>978-1-61234-522-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024743/https://books.google.com/books?id=vFq_KUqqWJMC&pg=PA15#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2023. Retrieved 7 January 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Sunni-Shi%27a+Divide%3A+Islam%27s+Internal+Divisions+and+Their+Global+Consequences&rft.pages=14-15&rft.pub=Potomac+Books&rft.date=2013-07-31&rft.isbn=978-1-61234-522-2&rft.au=Robert+Brenton+Betts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvFq_KUqqWJMC%26pg%3DPA15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-294"><a href="#cite_ref-294">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFHoffman2012" class="citation book cs1">Hoffman, Valerie Jon (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JNxvMRJM3EAC">The Essentials of Ibadi Islam</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Syracuse,_New_York&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Syracuse, New York (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Syracuse</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Syracuse_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Syracuse University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Syracuse University Press</a>. pp. 3–4. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/9780815650843" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/9780815650843"><bdi>9780815650843</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Essentials+of+Ibadi+Islam&rft.place=Syracuse&rft.pages=3-4&rft.pub=Syracuse+University+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9780815650843&rft.aulast=Hoffman&rft.aufirst=Valerie+Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJNxvMRJM3EAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Upal_2021-295">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Upal_2021_295-0">289.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Upal_2021_295-1">289.1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFUpal2021" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afzal_Upal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afzal Upal (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Upal, M. Afzal</a> (2021). "The Cultural Genetics of the Aḥmadiyya Muslim Jamāʿat". In <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carole_M._Cusack&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carole M. Cusack (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Cusack, Carole M.</a>; Upal, M. Afzal (eds.). Handbook of Islamic Sects and Movements. Brill Handbooks on Contemporary Religion. 21. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leiden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leiden (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Leiden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brill Publishers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Brill Publishers</a>. pp. 637–657. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F9789004435544_034">10.1163/9789004435544_034</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-90-04-43554-4" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-90-04-43554-4"><bdi>978-90-04-43554-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISSN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISSN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1874-6691">1874-6691</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Cultural+Genetics+of+the+A%E1%B8%A5madiyya+Muslim+Jam%C4%81%CA%BFat&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+Islamic+Sects+and+Movements&rft.place=Leiden+and+Boston&rft.series=Brill+Handbooks+on+Contemporary+Religion&rft.pages=637-657&rft.pub=Brill+Publishers&rft.date=2021&rft.issn=1874-6691&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F9789004435544_034&rft.isbn=978-90-04-43554-4&rft.aulast=Upal&rft.aufirst=M.+Afzal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Turner_2003-296">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Turner_2003_296-0">290.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Turner_2003_296-1">290.1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFTurner2003" class="citation book cs1">Turner, Richard Brent (2003) [1997]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4XMuLWlTgjMC&pg=PA109">"The Ahmadiyya Mission to America: A Multi-Racial Model for American Islam"</a>. Islam in the African-American Experience (2nd ed.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bloomington,_Indiana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bloomington, Indiana (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Bloomington, Indiana</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Indiana_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indiana University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Indiana University Press</a>. pp. 109–146. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/9780253216304" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/9780253216304"><bdi>9780253216304</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=LCCN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LCCN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//lccn.loc.gov/2003009791">2003009791</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Ahmadiyya+Mission+to+America%3A+A+Multi-Racial+Model+for+American+Islam&rft.btitle=Islam+in+the+African-American+Experience&rft.place=Bloomington%2C+Indiana+and+Indianapolis&rft.pages=109-146&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F2003009791&rft.isbn=9780253216304&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=Richard+Brent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4XMuLWlTgjMC%26pg%3DPA109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Drover_2020-297">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Drover_2020_297-0">291.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Drover_2020_297-1">291.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Drover_2020_297-2">291.2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Drover_2020_297-3">291.3</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Drover_2020_297-4">291.4</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFDrover2020" class="citation book cs1">Drover, Lauren (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9WQGEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA21">"The Ahmadiyya Muslim Jamaat: A New Religious Movement Derived from Islam?"</a>. In Kim, David W. (ed.). New Religious Movements in Modern Asian History: Socio-Cultural Alternatives. Ethnographies of Religion. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lanham,_Maryland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lanham, Maryland (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Lanham, Maryland</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rowman_%26_Littlefield&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rowman & Littlefield (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Rowman & Littlefield</a>. pp. 21–36. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-7936-3403-0" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-7936-3403-0"><bdi>978-1-7936-3403-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=OCLC_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OCLC (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/1220880253">1220880253</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Ahmadiyya+Muslim+Jamaat%3A+A+New+Religious+Movement+Derived+from+Islam%3F&rft.btitle=New+Religious+Movements+in+Modern+Asian+History%3A+Socio-Cultural+Alternatives&rft.place=Lanham%2C+Maryland&rft.series=Ethnographies+of+Religion&rft.pages=21-36&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1220880253&rft.isbn=978-1-7936-3403-0&rft.aulast=Drover&rft.aufirst=Lauren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9WQGEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-298"><a href="#cite_ref-298">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFKorbelPreckel2016" class="citation book cs1">Korbel, Jonathan; Preckel, Claudia (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZtY6DQAAQBAJ&pg=PA426">"Ghulām Aḥmad al-Qādiyānī: The Messiah of the Christians—Peace upon Him—in India (India, 1908)"</a>. In Bentlage, Björn; Eggert, Marion; Krämer, Hans-Martin; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stefan_Reichmuth_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stefan Reichmuth (academic) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Reichmuth, Stefan</a> (eds.). Religious Dynamics under the Impact of Imperialism and Colonialism. Numen Book Series. 154. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leiden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leiden (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Leiden</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brill Publishers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Brill Publishers</a>. pp. 426–442. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F9789004329003_034">10.1163/9789004329003_034</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-90-04-32511-1" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-90-04-32511-1"><bdi>978-90-04-32511-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ghul%C4%81m+A%E1%B8%A5mad+al-Q%C4%81diy%C4%81n%C4%AB%3A+The+Messiah+of+the+Christians%E2%80%94Peace+upon+Him%E2%80%94in+India+%28India%2C+1908%29&rft.btitle=Religious+Dynamics+under+the+Impact+of+Imperialism+and+Colonialism&rft.place=Leiden&rft.series=Numen+Book+Series&rft.pages=426-442&rft.pub=Brill+Publishers&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F9789004329003_034&rft.isbn=978-90-04-32511-1&rft.aulast=Korbel&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.au=Preckel%2C+Claudia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZtY6DQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA426&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-299"><a href="#cite_ref-299">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFBalzani" class="citation book cs1">Balzani, Marzia. Ahmadiyya Islam and the Muslim Diaspora: Living at the End of Days. Abingdon, Oxon. pp. 6–8. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-315-19728-9" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-315-19728-9"><bdi>978-1-315-19728-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=OCLC_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OCLC (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/1137739779">1137739779</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ahmadiyya+Islam+and+the+Muslim+Diaspora%3A+Living+at+the+End+of+Days&rft.place=Abingdon%2C+Oxon&rft.pages=6-8&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1137739779&rft.isbn=978-1-315-19728-9&rft.aulast=Balzani&rft.aufirst=Marzia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-300"><a href="#cite_ref-300">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reviewofreligions.org/12457/what-are-the-signs-of-the-second-coming-of-the-messiah/">What are the Signs of the Second Coming of the Messiah?</a> (en-GB) (2016-03-23). </li> <li id="cite_note-301"><a href="#cite_ref-301">↑</a> Paracha, Nadeem F. (2013-11-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dawn.com/news/1057427">The 1974 ouster of the 'heretics': What really happened?</a> (en). </li> <li id="cite_note-302"><a href="#cite_ref-302">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFUddin2014" class="citation book cs1">Uddin, Asma T. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=k9TVCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA81">"A Legal Analysis of Ahmadi Persecution in Pakistan"</a>. In Kirkham, David M. (ed.). State Responses to Minority Religions. Ashgate Inform Series on Minority Religions and Spiritual Movements. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Farnham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Farnham (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Farnham, U.K.</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Burlington,_Vermont&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Burlington, Vermont (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Burlington, Vermont</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ashgate_Publishing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ashgate Publishing (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ashgate Publishing</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Routledge</a>. pp. 81–98. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-4724-1647-6" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-4724-1647-6"><bdi>978-1-4724-1647-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=LCCN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LCCN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//lccn.loc.gov/2013019344">2013019344</a> – via <a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Google Books (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=A+Legal+Analysis+of+Ahmadi+Persecution+in+Pakistan&rft.btitle=State+Responses+to+Minority+Religions&rft.place=Farnham%2C+U.K.+and+Burlington%2C+Vermont&rft.series=Ashgate+Inform+Series+on+Minority+Religions+and+Spiritual+Movements&rft.pages=81-98&rft.pub=Ashgate+Publishing%2FRoutledge&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F2013019344&rft.isbn=978-1-4724-1647-6&rft.aulast=Uddin&rft.aufirst=Asma+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dk9TVCQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA81&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-303"><a href="#cite_ref-303">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pakistani.org/pakistan/constitution/amendments/2amendment.html">Constitution (Second Amendment) Act, 1974</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-304"><a href="#cite_ref-304">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/bektasiya">Bektāšīya</a> (December 15, 1989). </li> <li id="cite_note-305"><a href="#cite_ref-305">↑</a> Jorgen S Nielsen Muslim Political Participation in Europe <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edinburgh_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edinburgh University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Edinburgh University Press</a> 2013 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-748-67753-5" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-748-67753-5">978-0-748-67753-5</a> page 255 </li> <li id="cite_note-306"><a href="#cite_ref-306">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alevi.dk/ENGELSK/Turkish_Alevis_Today.pdf">John Shindeldecker: Turkish Alevis Today: II Alevi Population Size and Distribution</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161130111738/http://www.alevi.dk/ENGELSK/Turkish_Alevis_Today.pdf">Archived</a> 30 Silimin gɔli November 2016 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wayback Machine</a>, PDF-Datei, See also <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://i-cias.com/e.o/alevi.htm">Encyclopaedia of the Orient: Alevi</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210613045624/https://i-cias.com/e.o/alevi.htm">Archived</a> 13 Silimin gɔli June 2021 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wayback Machine</a>, consulted on 30 May 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-307"><a href="#cite_ref-307">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">Musa, Aisha Y. (2010). "The Qur'anists". Religion Compass 4 (1): 12–21. <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C9%99q%C9%99mli_obyektin_identifikatoru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rəqəmli obyektin identifikatoru (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-8171.2009.00189.x">10.1111/j.1749-8171.2009.00189.x</a>.</cite> </li> <li id="cite_note-308"><a href="#cite_ref-308">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">Musa, Aisha Y. (2010). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/1035742">The Qur'anists</a>" (in en). Religion Compass 4 (1): 12–21. <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C9%99q%C9%99mli_obyektin_identifikatoru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rəqəmli obyektin identifikatoru (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-8171.2009.00189.x">10.1111/j.1749-8171.2009.00189.x</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Serial_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Serial Number (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/1749-8171">1749-8171</a>.</cite> </li> <li id="cite_note-309"><a href="#cite_ref-309">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFBrown1999" class="citation book cs1">Brown, Daniel W. (1999-03-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6RPcYgx5u_MC">Rethinking Tradition in Modern Islamic Thought</a> (in English). Cambridge University Press. pp. 7–45, 68. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-521-65394-7" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-521-65394-7"><bdi>978-0-521-65394-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rethinking+Tradition+in+Modern+Islamic+Thought&rft.pages=7-45%2C+68&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1999-03-04&rft.isbn=978-0-521-65394-7&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Daniel+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6RPcYgx5u_MC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-310"><a href="#cite_ref-310">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFJuynboll1969" class="citation book cs1">Juynboll, G. H. A. (1969). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xAUVAAAAIAAJ">The Authenticity of the Tradition Literature: Discussions in Modern Egypt,... G.H.A. Juynboll,...</a> (in English). Brill Archive. pp. 23–25.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Authenticity+of+the+Tradition+Literature%3A+Discussions+in+Modern+Egypt%2C...+G.H.A.+Juynboll%2C...&rft.pages=23-25&rft.pub=Brill+Archive&rft.date=1969&rft.aulast=Juynboll&rft.aufirst=G.+H.+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxAUVAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-311"><a href="#cite_ref-311">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal"> (September 1989) "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.quranalone.com/SP/57_1989_09.pdf">Why the name change?</a>". Submission Perspective 57.</cite> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lexico2-312">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Lexico2_312-0">306.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lexico2_312-1">306.1</a> A chirim ya: Invalid <code><ref></code> tag; no text was provided for refs named <code>Lexico2</code></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsposito2002b17,_111–112,_118-313"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsposito2002b17,_111–112,_118_313-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFEsposito2002b">Esposito (2002b)</a>, pp. 17, 111–112, 118. </li> <li id="cite_note-ODI-314">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-ODI_314-0">308.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODI_314-1">308.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODI_314-2">308.2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODI_314-3">308.3</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/print/opr/t125/e1107">Islamic Law</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Oxford_Dictionary_of_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Oxford Dictionary of Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">The Oxford Dictionary of Islam</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-vikor-315">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-vikor_315-0">309.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vikor_315-1">309.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vikor_315-2">309.2</a> Vikør, Knut S. 2014. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140604214623/http://bridgingcultures.neh.gov/muslimjourneys/items/show/226">Sharīʿah</a>." In The Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Politics, edited by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emad_Shahin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emad Shahin (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">E. Shahin</a>. Oxford: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. Archived from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bridgingcultures.neh.gov/muslimjourneys/items/show/226">original</a> on 4 June 2014. Retrieved 25 May 2020. </li> <li id="cite_note-316"><a href="#cite_ref-316">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFEspositoDeLong-Bas2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Esposito&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Esposito (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Esposito, John L.</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Natana_J._DeLong-Bas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Natana J. DeLong-Bas (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">DeLong-Bas, Natana J.</a> (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MOmaDq8HKCgC&pg=PA2">Women in Muslim Family Law</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Syracuse_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Syracuse University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Syracuse University Press</a>. pp. 2–. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-8156-2908-5" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-8156-2908-5"><bdi>978-0-8156-2908-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Women+in+Muslim+Family+Law&rft.pages=2-&rft.pub=Syracuse+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-8156-2908-5&rft.aulast=Esposito&rft.aufirst=John+L.&rft.au=DeLong-Bas%2C+Natana+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMOmaDq8HKCgC%26pg%3DPA2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> Quote: "[...], by the ninth century, the classical theory of law fixed the sources of Islamic law at four: the Quran, the Sunnah of the Prophet, qiyas (analogical reasoning), and ijma (consensus)." </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELeaman2006[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidisDgI0-0Ip4CpgPA214_214]-317"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeaman2006[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidisDgI0-0Ip4CpgPA214_214]_317-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFLeaman2006">Leaman (2006)</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=isDgI0-0Ip4C&pg=PA214">214</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENigosian2004[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidmy7hnALd_NkCpgPA116_116]-318"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENigosian2004[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidmy7hnALd_NkCpgPA116_116]_318-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFNigosian2004">Nigosian (2004)</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=my7hnALd_NkC&pg=PA116">116</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-319"><a href="#cite_ref-319">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">Hajjar, Lisa (2004). "Religion, State Power, and Domestic Violence in Muslim Societies: A Framework for Comparative Analysis". <a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_%26_Social_Inquiry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law & Social Inquiry (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Law & Social Inquiry</a> 29 (1): 1–38. <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C9%99q%C9%99mli_obyektin_identifikatoru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rəqəmli obyektin identifikatoru (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.2004.tb00329.x">10.1111/j.1747-4469.2004.tb00329.x</a>.</cite> </li> <li id="cite_note-320"><a href="#cite_ref-320">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFFahd_Salem_Bahammam" class="citation book cs1">Fahd Salem Bahammam. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CRojJ7lnb18C&pg=PP1">Food and Dress in Islam: An explanation of matters relating to food and drink and dress in Islam</a>. Modern Guide. p. 1. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-909322-99-8" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-909322-99-8"><bdi>978-1-909322-99-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Food+and+Dress+in+Islam%3A+An+explanation+of+matters+relating+to+food+and+drink+and+dress+in+Islam&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=Modern+Guide&rft.isbn=978-1-909322-99-8&rft.au=Fahd+Salem+Bahammam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCRojJ7lnb18C%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-321"><a href="#cite_ref-321">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-322"><a href="#cite_ref-322">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-323"><a href="#cite_ref-323">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-324"><a href="#cite_ref-324">↑</a> De Sondy, Amanullah (28 January 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/jan/28/muslim-men-beards-facial-hair-islam">"The relationship between Muslim men and their beards is a tangled one"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Guardian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Guardian (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">The Guardian</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/jan/28/muslim-men-beards-facial-hair-islam">https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/jan/28/muslim-men-beards-facial-hair-islam</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-325"><a href="#cite_ref-325">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFLegge1880" class="citation book cs1">Legge, James (1880). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/religionsofchina00legg">The religions of China: Confucianism and Tâoism described and compared with Christianity</a>. London: Hodder and Stoughton. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/religionsofchina00legg/page/111">111</a>. Retrieved 28 June 2010. <q>mohammedan.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+religions+of+China%3A+Confucianism+and+T%C3%A2oism+described+and+compared+with+Christianity&rft.place=London&rft.pages=111&rft.pub=Hodder+and+Stoughton&rft.date=1880&rft.aulast=Legge&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Freligionsofchina00legg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988">(Original from Harvard University) </li> <li id="cite_note-327"><a href="#cite_ref-327">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.learnreligions.com/tattoos-in-islam-2004393">Are Muslims Allowed to Get Tattoos?</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-328"><a href="#cite_ref-328">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFGlassé2001" class="citation book cs1">Glassé, Cyril (2001). The New Encyclopedia of Islam (in English). AltaMira Press. p. 158.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Encyclopedia+of+Islam&rft.pages=158&rft.pub=AltaMira+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Glass%C3%A9&rft.aufirst=Cyril&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-329"><a href="#cite_ref-329">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFZineBabana-HamptonMazidBullock" class="citation book cs1">Zine, Jasmin; Babana-Hampton, Safoi; Mazid, Nergis; Bullock, Katherine; Chishti, Maliha. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0JM4DwAAQBAJ&q=haya+islam&pg=PA59">American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 19:4</a> (in English). International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT). p. 59. Retrieved 4 June 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Journal+of+Islamic+Social+Sciences+19%3A4&rft.pages=59&rft.pub=International+Institute+of+Islamic+Thought+%28IIIT%29&rft.aulast=Zine&rft.aufirst=Jasmin&rft.au=Babana-Hampton%2C+Safoi&rft.au=Mazid%2C+Nergis&rft.au=Bullock%2C+Katherine&rft.au=Chishti%2C+Maliha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0JM4DwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dhaya%2Bislam%26pg%3DPA59&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-330"><a href="#cite_ref-330">↑</a> Esposito, John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t243/e4">Oxford Islamic Studies Online</a>. Oxford University Press. </li> <li id="cite_note-usm1-331"><a href="#cite_ref-usm1_331-0">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal"> (May 2016) "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oarep.usim.edu.my/server/api/core/bitstreams/657d2550-283c-4333-bec6-c1599f1c9257/content">RELIGIOUS HARMONY AND PEACEFUL COEXISTENCE: A QURANIC PERSPECTIVE</a>". UNIVERSITI SAINS ISLAM MALAYSIA - Journal of Islamic Social Sciences and Humanities 7.</cite> </li> <li id="cite_note-mw1-332"><a href="#cite_ref-mw1_332-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mywilayah.com/2022/05/maksud-tasamuh.html">Maksud Tasamuh</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-ahcm-333"><a href="#cite_ref-ahcm_333-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alhaqcentremalaysia.com/?p=3304">AMALKAN SIKAP ‘TASAMUH’ (TOLERANSI) KERANA IA ADALAH AKHLAK TERPUJI DAN SYARAT KERUKUNAN DALAM MASYARAKAT | Al-Haq Centre Malaysia</a> (14 June 2022). </li> <li id="cite_note-334"><a href="#cite_ref-334">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-335"><a href="#cite_ref-335">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-336"><a href="#cite_ref-336">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-337"><a href="#cite_ref-337">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFNewby2002" class="citation book cs1">Newby, Gordon D. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/conciseencyclope00newb">A concise encyclopedia of Islam</a>. Oxford: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oneworld_Publications&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oneworld Publications (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oneworld</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/conciseencyclope00newb/page/141">141</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-85168-295-9" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-85168-295-9"><bdi>978-1-85168-295-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+concise+encyclopedia+of+Islam&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=141&rft.pub=Oneworld&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1-85168-295-9&rft.aulast=Newby&rft.aufirst=Gordon+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fconciseencyclope00newb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-338"><a href="#cite_ref-338">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFNasr2001" class="citation book cs1">Nasr, Seyyed Hossein (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islamreligionhis00nasr_0/page/68">Islam : religion, history, and civilization</a>. New York: <a href="/w/index.php?title=HarperOne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HarperOne (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">HarperOne</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islamreligionhis00nasr_0/page/68">68</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-06-050714-5" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-06-050714-5"><bdi>978-0-06-050714-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+%3A+religion%2C+history%2C+and+civilization&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=68&rft.pub=HarperOne&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-06-050714-5&rft.aulast=Nasr&rft.aufirst=Seyyed+Hossein&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fislamreligionhis00nasr_0%2Fpage%2F68&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-339"><a href="#cite_ref-339">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFRatno_Lukito" class="citation book cs1">Ratno Lukito. Legal Pluralism in Indonesia: Bridging the Unbridgeable. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Routledge</a>. p. 81.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Legal+Pluralism+in+Indonesia%3A+Bridging+the+Unbridgeable&rft.pages=81&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.au=Ratno+Lukito&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-340"><a href="#cite_ref-340">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islamweb.net/ver2/fatwa/ShowFatwa.php?lang=A&Id=18444&Option=FatwaId">IslamWeb</a>. IslamWeb (7 February 2002). </li> <li id="cite_note-341"><a href="#cite_ref-341">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFEaton2000" class="citation book cs1">Eaton, Gai (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/rememberinggodre0000eato">Remembering God: Reflections on Islam</a>. Cambridge: The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_Texts_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic Texts Society (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Islamic Texts Society</a>. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/rememberinggodre0000eato/page/92">92–93</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-946621-84-2" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-946621-84-2"><bdi>978-0-946621-84-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Remembering+God%3A+Reflections+on+Islam&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=92-93&rft.pub=The+Islamic+Texts+Society&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-946621-84-2&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=Gai&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Frememberinggodre0000eato&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-342"><a href="#cite_ref-342">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.14publications.com/question-and-answer/why-cant-a-woman-have-2-husbands/">Why Can't a Woman have 2 Husbands?</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECampo2009106-343"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECampo2009106_343-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFCampo2009">Campo (2009)</a>, p. 106. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENigosian2004[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidmy7hnALd_NkCpgPA120_120]-344">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENigosian2004[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidmy7hnALd_NkCpgPA120_120]_344-0">337.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENigosian2004[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidmy7hnALd_NkCpgPA120_120]_344-1">337.1</a> <a href="#CITEREFNigosian2004">Nigosian (2004)</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=my7hnALd_NkC&pg=PA120">120</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-345"><a href="#cite_ref-345">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/khitan-Islam">"Khitān"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Inc.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</a> 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200127165754/https://www.britannica.com/topic/khitan-Islam">Archived</a> from the original on 27 January 2020. Retrieved 27 May 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Khit%C4%81n&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2014&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2Fkhitan-Islam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-346"><a href="#cite_ref-346">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal"> (January 2017) "Reported Male Circumcision Practices in a Muslim-Majority Setting". <a href="/w/index.php?title=BioMed_Research_International&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BioMed Research International (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">BioMed Research International</a> 2017: 1–8. <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C9%99q%C9%99mli_obyektin_identifikatoru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rəqəmli obyektin identifikatoru (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4957348">10.1155/2017/4957348</a>. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28194416?dopt=Abstract">PMID 28194416</a>.</cite> </li> <li id="cite_note-347"><a href="#cite_ref-347">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/islamethics/malecircumcision.shtml">Islam: Circumcision of boys</a>. Religion & ethics—Islam. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bbc.co.uk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bbc.co.uk (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Bbc.co.uk</a> (13 August 2009). </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECampo2009136-348"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECampo2009136_348-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFCampo2009">Campo (2009)</a>, p. 136. </li> <li id="cite_note-349"><a href="#cite_ref-349">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFMathijssenVenhorstVenbruxQuartier2013" class="citation book cs1">Mathijssen, Brenda; Venhorst, Claudia; Venbrux, Eric; Quartier, Thomas (2013). Changing European Death Ways. Austria: Lit. p. 265. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/9783643900678" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/9783643900678"><bdi>9783643900678</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Changing+European+Death+Ways&rft.place=Austria&rft.pages=265&rft.pub=Lit&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9783643900678&rft.aulast=Mathijssen&rft.aufirst=Brenda&rft.au=Venhorst%2C+Claudia&rft.au=Venbrux%2C+Eric&rft.au=Quartier%2C+Thomas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStefon2010[httpsarchiveorgdetailsislamicbeliefspr0000stefpage83_83]-350"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStefon2010[httpsarchiveorgdetailsislamicbeliefspr0000stefpage83_83]_350-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFStefon2010">Stefon (2010)</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islamicbeliefspr0000stef/page/83">83</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-351"><a href="#cite_ref-351">↑</a> Rahman, Rema (25 October 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-15444275">"Who, What, Why: What are the burial customs in Islam?"</a>. BBC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-15444275">https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-15444275</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-352"><a href="#cite_ref-352">↑</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/nur">Nūr</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220423085030/https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/nur">Archived</a> 23 Silimin gɔli April 2022 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wayback Machine</a>." <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_Dictionary_of_World_Religions&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford Dictionary of World Religions (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions</a>. – via <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclopedia.com&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopedia.com (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Encyclopedia.com</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-353"><a href="#cite_ref-353">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1573-3912_islam_COM_0874">10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0874</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-354"><a href="#cite_ref-354">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1875-3922_q3_EQSIM_00261">10.1163/1875-3922_q3_EQSIM_00261</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-355"><a href="#cite_ref-355">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a>. – via <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclopedia.com&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopedia.com (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Encyclopedia.com</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-356"><a href="#cite_ref-356">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1573-3912_islam_COM_0846">10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0846</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-357"><a href="#cite_ref-357">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1875-3922_q3_EQSIM_00156">10.1163/1875-3922_q3_EQSIM_00156</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-358"><a href="#cite_ref-358">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-359"><a href="#cite_ref-359">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-360"><a href="#cite_ref-360">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-361"><a href="#cite_ref-361">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1573-3912_islam_COM_0642">10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0642</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-msk2-362"><a href="#cite_ref-msk2_362-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kitaabun.com/shopping3/minhaj-salikin-path-wayfarer-rahman-sadi-p-5378.html">Minhaj Al-Salikin: Path of the Wayfarer, Abd ar-Rahman as-Sadi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Minhaj+Al-Salikin%3A+Path+of+the+Wayfarer%2C+Abd+ar-Rahman+as-Sadi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkitaabun.com%2Fshopping3%2Fminhaj-salikin-path-wayfarer-rahman-sadi-p-5378.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-mas1-363"><a href="#cite_ref-mas1_363-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFHanan" class="citation book cs1">Hanan, Tengku Muda ibni Abdul. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com.my/books/edition/Mikraj_al_salikin/mOxFnwEACAAJ?hl=en">Mikraj al-salikin</a> (in Malay). Retrieved 18 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mikraj+al-salikin&rft.aulast=Hanan&rft.aufirst=Tengku+Muda+ibni+Abdul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com.my%2Fbooks%2Fedition%2FMikraj_al_salikin%2FmOxFnwEACAAJ%3Fhl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-mkb1-364"><a href="#cite_ref-mkb1_364-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://maktabahalbakri.com/2645-hakikat-ibadat/">#2645: Hakikat Ibadat</a> (16 August 2023). </li> <li id="cite_note-junayd1-365"><a href="#cite_ref-junayd1_365-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abuaminaelias.com/dailyhadithonline/2021/09/14/sufism-quran-sunnah-fiqh/">Junayd on Tasawwuf: True Sufism based on Quran, Sunnah, and Fiqh</a> (14 September 2021). </li> <li id="cite_note-366"><a href="#cite_ref-366">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-367"><a href="#cite_ref-367">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-368"><a href="#cite_ref-368">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-369"><a href="#cite_ref-369">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-370"><a href="#cite_ref-370">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFIbn-ʿAǧībaAresmoukFitzgeraldIbn-ʿAǧība2011" class="citation book cs1">Ibn-ʿAǧība, Aḥmad Ibn-Muḥammad; Aresmouk, Mohamed Fouad; Fitzgerald, Michael Abdurrahman; Ibn-ʿAǧība, Aḥmad Ibn-Muḥammad (2011). The Book of ascension to the essential truths of Sufism: a lexicon of Sufic terminology = Miʿrāj al-tashawwuf ilā ḥaqāʾiq al-taṣawwuf. Louisville, KY: Fons Vitae. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/1891785842" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/1891785842"><bdi>1891785842</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Book+of+ascension+to+the+essential+truths+of+Sufism%3A+a+lexicon+of+Sufic+terminology+%3D+Mi%CA%BFr%C4%81j+al-tashawwuf+il%C4%81+%E1%B8%A5aq%C4%81%CA%BEiq+al-ta%E1%B9%A3awwuf&rft.place=Louisville%2C+KY&rft.pub=Fons+Vitae&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=1891785842&rft.aulast=Ibn-%CA%BFA%C7%A7%C4%ABba&rft.aufirst=A%E1%B8%A5mad+Ibn-Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad&rft.au=Aresmouk%2C+Mohamed+Fouad&rft.au=Fitzgerald%2C+Michael+Abdurrahman&rft.au=Ibn-%CA%BFA%C7%A7%C4%ABba%2C+A%E1%B8%A5mad+Ibn-Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-371"><a href="#cite_ref-371">↑</a> Andani, Khalil. "A Survey of Ismaili Studies Part 1: Early Ismailism and Fatimid Ismailism." Religion Compass 10.8 (2016): 191–206. </li> <li id="cite_note-372"><a href="#cite_ref-372">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehdi_Aminrazavi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mehdi Aminrazavi (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Aminrazavi, Mehdi</a>. [2009] 2016. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2016/entries/arabic-islamic-mysticism/">Mysticism in Arabic and Islamic Philosophy</a>." <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stanford_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</a>, edited by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_N._Zalta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward N. Zalta (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">E. N. Zalta</a>. Retrieved 25 May 2020. </li> <li id="cite_note-373"><a href="#cite_ref-373">↑</a> Knysh, Alexander. 2015. Islam in Historical Perspective. Routledge. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-317-34712-5" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-317-34712-5">978-1-317-34712-5</a>. p. 214. </li> <li id="cite_note-374"><a href="#cite_ref-374">↑</a> Haviland, Charles (30 September 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7016090.stm">"The roar of Rumi – 800 years on"</a>. BBC News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7016090.stm">http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7016090.stm</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-375"><a href="#cite_ref-375">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/art/rumi_1.shtml">Islam: Jalaluddin Rumi</a>. BBC (1 September 2009). </li> <li id="cite_note-376"><a href="#cite_ref-376">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-377"><a href="#cite_ref-377">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-378"><a href="#cite_ref-378">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-379"><a href="#cite_ref-379">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-380"><a href="#cite_ref-380">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFMattson2006" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Mattson, Ingrid (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WPILfbtT5tQC&pg=PA615">"Women, Islam, and Mosques"</a>. In R. S. Keller and R. R. Ruether (eds.). Encyclopedia of Women and Religion in North America. Volume 2, Part VII. Islam. Bloomington and Indianapolis: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Indiana_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indiana University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Indiana University Press</a>. pp. 615–629. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-253-34687-2" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-253-34687-2"><bdi>978-0-253-34687-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231228023019/https://books.google.com/books?id=WPILfbtT5tQC&pg=PA615#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Women%2C+Islam%2C+and+Mosques&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Women+and+Religion+in+North+America&rft.place=Bloomington+and+Indianapolis&rft.series=Volume+2%2C+Part+VII.+Islam&rft.pages=615-629&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-253-34687-2&rft.aulast=Mattson&rft.aufirst=Ingrid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWPILfbtT5tQC%26pg%3DPA615&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-381"><a href="#cite_ref-381">↑</a> Pedersen, J., R. Hillenbrand, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Burton-Page&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Burton-Page (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">J. Burton-Page</a>, et al. 2010. "<a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Doi-inline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Doi-inline (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Doi-inline</a>." Encyclopedia of Islam. Leiden: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brill Publishers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Brill</a>. Retrieved 25 May 2020. </li> <li id="cite_note-382"><a href="#cite_ref-382">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/mosque">"Mosque"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210928065350/https://www.britannica.com/topic/mosque">Archived</a> from the original on 28 September 2021. Retrieved 17 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Mosque&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2Fmosque&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-383"><a href="#cite_ref-383">↑</a> Ahmed, Medani, and Sebastian Gianci. "Zakat." p. 479 in Encyclopedia of Taxation and Tax Policy. </li> <li id="cite_note-384"><a href="#cite_ref-384">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFAriff1991" class="citation book cs1">Ariff, Mohamed (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NP4ZL0TJ9s4C&pg=PA55">The Islamic Voluntary Sector in Southeast Asia: Islam and the Economic Development of Southeast Asia</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Institute_of_Southeast_Asian_Studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Institute of Southeast Asian Studies</a>. pp. 55–. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-981-3016-07-1" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-981-3016-07-1"><bdi>978-981-3016-07-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231228023007/https://books.google.com/books?id=NP4ZL0TJ9s4C&&pg=PA55">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Islamic+Voluntary+Sector+in+Southeast+Asia%3A+Islam+and+the+Economic+Development+of+Southeast+Asia&rft.pages=55-&rft.pub=Institute+of+Southeast+Asian+Studies&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-981-3016-07-1&rft.aulast=Ariff&rft.aufirst=Mohamed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNP4ZL0TJ9s4C%26pg%3DPA55&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-385"><a href="#cite_ref-385">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a>: This is not regarded as charity because it is not really voluntary but instead is owed, by those who have received their wealth as a trust from God's bounty, to the poor. </li> <li id="cite_note-386"><a href="#cite_ref-386">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFRidgeon2003" class="citation book cs1">Ridgeon, Lloyd (2003). Major World Religions: From Their Origins to the Present. United Kingdom: RoutledgeCurzon. p. 258. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/9780415297967" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/9780415297967"><bdi>9780415297967</bdi></a>. <q>Aside from its function of purifying believers' wealth, the payment of zakat may have contributed in no small way to the economic welfare of the Muslim community in Mecca.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Major+World+Religions%3A+From+Their+Origins+to+the+Present.&rft.place=United+Kingdom&rft.pages=258&rft.pub=RoutledgeCurzon&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9780415297967&rft.aulast=Ridgeon&rft.aufirst=Lloyd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-387"><a href="#cite_ref-387">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/report/95564/analysis-faith-based-aid-revolution-muslim-world">"A faith-based aid revolution in the Muslim world"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_New_Humanitarian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The New Humanitarian (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">The New Humanitarian</a>. 1 June 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/report/95564/analysis-faith-based-aid-revolution-muslim-world">https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/report/95564/analysis-faith-based-aid-revolution-muslim-world</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-388"><a href="#cite_ref-388">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFSaid2006" class="citation book cs1">Said, Abdul Aziz; et al. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4bs7g0O4eLYC&pg=PA145">Contemporary Islam: Dynamic, Not Static</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taylor_%26_Francis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taylor & Francis (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Taylor & Francis</a>. p. 145. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-415-77011-8" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-415-77011-8"><bdi>978-0-415-77011-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231228023121/https://books.google.com/books?id=4bs7g0O4eLYC&pg=PA145">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Contemporary+Islam%3A+Dynamic%2C+Not+Static&rft.pages=145&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-415-77011-8&rft.aulast=Said&rft.aufirst=Abdul+Aziz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4bs7g0O4eLYC%26pg%3DPA145&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStefon2010[httpsarchiveorgdetailsislamicbeliefspr0000stefpage72_72]-389"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStefon2010[httpsarchiveorgdetailsislamicbeliefspr0000stefpage72_72]_389-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFStefon2010">Stefon (2010)</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islamicbeliefspr0000stef/page/72">72</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-390"><a href="#cite_ref-390">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFHudson2003" class="citation book cs1">Hudson, A. (2003). Equity and Trusts (3rd ed.). London: Cavendish Publishing. p. 32. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/1-85941-729-9" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/1-85941-729-9"><bdi>1-85941-729-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Equity+and+Trusts&rft.place=London&rft.pages=32&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Cavendish+Publishing&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1-85941-729-9&rft.aulast=Hudson&rft.aufirst=A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-391"><a href="#cite_ref-391">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-392"><a href="#cite_ref-392">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-393"><a href="#cite_ref-393">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">"Hajj". Encyclopædia Britannica Online.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Hajj&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+Online&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-394"><a href="#cite_ref-394">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFPeters2009" class="citation book cs1">Peters, F.E. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HYJ2c9E9IM8C&pg=PA19">Islam: A Guide for Jews and Christians</a>. Princeton University Press. p. 20. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-4008-2548-6" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-4008-2548-6"><bdi>978-1-4008-2548-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231228023112/https://books.google.com/books?id=HYJ2c9E9IM8C&pg=PA19#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+A+Guide+for+Jews+and+Christians&rft.pages=20&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-4008-2548-6&rft.aulast=Peters&rft.aufirst=F.E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHYJ2c9E9IM8C%26pg%3DPA19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-395"><a href="#cite_ref-395">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFCornell2007" class="citation book cs1">Cornell, Vincent J. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=g5LNUS0ciAAC&pg=PA29">Voices of Islam: Voices of tradition</a>. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 29. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-275-98733-6" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-275-98733-6"><bdi>978-0-275-98733-6</bdi></a>. Retrieved 26 August 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Voices+of+Islam%3A+Voices+of+tradition&rft.pages=29&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-275-98733-6&rft.aulast=Cornell&rft.aufirst=Vincent+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dg5LNUS0ciAAC%26pg%3DPA29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-396"><a href="#cite_ref-396">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvp (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvp</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-397"><a href="#cite_ref-397">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFMichigan_Consortium_for_Medieval_and_Early_Modern_Studies1986" class="citation book cs1">Michigan Consortium for Medieval and Early Modern Studies (1986). Goss, V. P.; Bornstein, C. V. (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p44kAQAAMAAJ">The Meeting of Two Worlds: Cultural Exchange Between East and West During the Period of the Crusades</a>. 21. Medieval Institute Publications, Western Michigan University. p. 208. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/0918720583" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/0918720583"><bdi>0918720583</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231228023032/https://books.google.com/books?id=p44kAQAAMAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2023. Retrieved 15 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Meeting+of+Two+Worlds%3A+Cultural+Exchange+Between+East+and+West+During+the+Period+of+the+Crusades&rft.pages=208&rft.pub=Medieval+Institute+Publications%2C+Western+Michigan+University&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=0918720583&rft.au=Michigan+Consortium+for+Medieval+and+Early+Modern+Studies&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dp44kAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-398"><a href="#cite_ref-398">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yaroslav_Trofimov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yaroslav Trofimov (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Trofimov, Yaroslav</a>. 2008. The Siege of Mecca: The 1979 Uprising at Islam's Holiest Shrine. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Knopf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Knopf (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Knopf</a>. New York. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-307-47290-8" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-307-47290-8">978-0-307-47290-8</a>. p. 79. </li> <li id="cite_note-399"><a href="#cite_ref-399">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFAboo_Yahyaa2013" class="citation book cs1">Aboo Yahyaa (2013). Foundation of Tajweed (2 ed.). p. 1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Foundation+of+Tajweed&rft.pages=1&rft.edition=2&rft.date=2013&rft.au=Aboo+Yahyaa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStefon2010[httpsarchiveorgdetailsislamicbeliefspr0000stefpage42_42–43]-400"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStefon2010[httpsarchiveorgdetailsislamicbeliefspr0000stefpage42_42–43]_400-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFStefon2010">Stefon (2010)</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islamicbeliefspr0000stef/page/42">42–43</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENigosian2004[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidmy7hnALd_NkCpgPA70_70]-401"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENigosian2004[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidmy7hnALd_NkCpgPA70_70]_401-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFNigosian2004">Nigosian (2004)</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=my7hnALd_NkC&pg=PA70">70</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-402"><a href="#cite_ref-402">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFArmstrong2016" class="citation book cs1">Armstrong, Lyall (2016). The Quṣṣāṣ of Early Islam. Netherlands: Brill. p. 184. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/9789004335523" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/9789004335523"><bdi>9789004335523</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Qu%E1%B9%A3%E1%B9%A3%C4%81%E1%B9%A3+of+Early+Islam&rft.place=Netherlands&rft.pages=184&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9789004335523&rft.aulast=Armstrong&rft.aufirst=Lyall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-403"><a href="#cite_ref-403">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFDe_McLaurin1979" class="citation book cs1">De McLaurin, Ronald (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/politicalroleofm0000unse">The Political Role of Minority Groups in the Middle East</a>. Michigan University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/politicalroleofm0000unse/page/114">114</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-03-052596-4" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-03-052596-4"><bdi>978-0-03-052596-4</bdi></a>. <q>Theologically, one would have to conclude that the Druze are not Muslims. They do not accept the five pillars of Islam. In place of these principles, the Druze have instituted the seven precepts noted above...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Political+Role+of+Minority+Groups+in+the+Middle+East&rft.pages=114&rft.pub=Michigan+University+Press&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=978-0-03-052596-4&rft.aulast=De+McLaurin&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpoliticalroleofm0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-404"><a href="#cite_ref-404">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFHunter2010" class="citation book cs1">Hunter, Shireen (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/politicsofislami0000unse">The Politics of Islamic Revivalism: Diversity and Unity: Center for Strategic and International Studies (Washington, D.C.), Georgetown University. Center for Strategic and International Studies</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Michigan_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Michigan Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">University of Michigan Press</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/politicsofislami0000unse/page/33">33</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-253-34549-3" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-253-34549-3"><bdi>978-0-253-34549-3</bdi></a>. <q>Druze – An offshoot of Shi'ism; its members are not considered Muslims by orthodox Muslims.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Politics+of+Islamic+Revivalism%3A+Diversity+and+Unity%3A+Center+for+Strategic+and+International+Studies+%28Washington%2C+D.C.%29%2C+Georgetown+University.+Center+for+Strategic+and+International+Studies&rft.pages=33&rft.pub=University+of+Michigan+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-253-34549-3&rft.aulast=Hunter&rft.aufirst=Shireen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpoliticsofislami0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-405"><a href="#cite_ref-405">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFR._Williams2020" class="citation book cs1">R. Williams, Victoria (2020). Indigenous Peoples: An Encyclopedia of Culture, History, and Threats to Survival [4 volumes]. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ABC-CLIO&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ABC-CLIO (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ABC-CLIO</a>. p. 318. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-4408-6118-5" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-4408-6118-5"><bdi>978-1-4408-6118-5</bdi></a>. <q>As Druze is a nonritualistic religion without requirements to pray, fast, make pilgrimages, or observe days of rest, the Druze are not considered an Islamic people by Sunni Muslims.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indigenous+Peoples%3A+An+Encyclopedia+of+Culture%2C+History%2C+and+Threats+to+Survival+%5B4+volumes%5D&rft.pages=318&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-1-4408-6118-5&rft.aulast=R.+Williams&rft.aufirst=Victoria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-406"><a href="#cite_ref-406">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFD._Grafton2009" class="citation book cs1">D. Grafton, David (2009). Piety, Politics, and Power: Lutherans Encountering Islam in the Middle East. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wipf_and_Stock_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wipf and Stock Publishers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wipf and Stock Publishers</a>. p. 14. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-63087-718-7" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-63087-718-7"><bdi>978-1-63087-718-7</bdi></a>. <q>In addition, there are several quasi-Muslim sects, in that, although they follow many of the beliefs and practices of orthodox Islam, the majority of Sunnis consider them heretical. These would be the Ahmadiyya, Druze, Ibadi, and the Yazidis.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Piety%2C+Politics%2C+and+Power%3A+Lutherans+Encountering+Islam+in+the+Middle+East&rft.pages=14&rft.pub=Wipf+and+Stock+Publishers&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-63087-718-7&rft.aulast=D.+Grafton&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-407"><a href="#cite_ref-407">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">Poonawala, Ismail K. (July–September 1999). "Review: The Fatimids and Their Traditions of Learning by Heinz Halm". <a href="/w/index.php?title=Journal_of_the_American_Oriental_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Journal of the American Oriental Society (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Journal of the American Oriental Society</a> 119 (3). <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C9%99q%C9%99mli_obyektin_identifikatoru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rəqəmli obyektin identifikatoru (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/605981">10.2307/605981</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Serial_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Serial Number (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0003-0279">0003-0279</a>.</cite> </li> <li id="cite_note-408"><a href="#cite_ref-408">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">Bryer, David R. W. (1975). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515/islm.1975.52.2.239">The Origins of the Druze Religion (Fortsetzung)</a>". <a href="/w/index.php?title=Der_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Der Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Der Islam</a> 52 (2): 239–262. <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C9%99q%C9%99mli_obyektin_identifikatoru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rəqəmli obyektin identifikatoru (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1515/islm.1975.52.2.239">10.1515/islm.1975.52.2.239</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Serial_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Serial Number (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/1613-0928">1613-0928</a>.</cite> </li> <li id="cite_note-409"><a href="#cite_ref-409">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFFoltz2013" class="citation book cs1">Foltz, Richard (7 November 2013). "Two Kurdish Sects: The Yezidis and the Yaresan". Religions of Iran: From Prehistory to the Present. Oneworld Publications. p. 219. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-78074-307-3" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-78074-307-3"><bdi>978-1-78074-307-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Two+Kurdish+Sects%3A+The+Yezidis+and+the+Yaresan&rft.btitle=Religions+of+Iran%3A+From+Prehistory+to+the+Present&rft.pages=219&rft.pub=Oneworld+Publications&rft.date=2013-11-07&rft.isbn=978-1-78074-307-3&rft.aulast=Foltz&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-410"><a href="#cite_ref-410">↑</a> House of Justice, Universal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://reference.bahai.org/en/t/bic/OCF/ocf-8.html">One Common Faith</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-411"><a href="#cite_ref-411">↑</a> Elsberg, Constance (2003), Graceful Women. <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Tennessee_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Tennessee Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">University of Tennessee Press</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-57233-214-0" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-57233-214-0">978-1-57233-214-0</a>. pp. 27–28. </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=35" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Sources" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section's source code: Sources">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r27009">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFAhmed2006" class="citation book cs1">Ahmed, Imad-ad-Dean (2006). Signs in the heavens. 2. Amana Publications. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/1-59008-040-8" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/1-59008-040-8"><bdi>1-59008-040-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Signs+in+the+heavens&rft.pub=Amana+Publications&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-59008-040-8&rft.aulast=Ahmed&rft.aufirst=Imad-ad-Dean&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFArnold1896" class="citation book cs1">Arnold, Thomas (1896). The Preaching of Islam: A History of the Propagation of the Muslim Faith.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Preaching+of+Islam%3A+A+History+of+the+Propagation+of+the+Muslim+Faith.&rft.date=1896&rft.aulast=Arnold&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFBennett2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clinton_Bennett&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clinton Bennett (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Bennett, Clinton</a> (2010). Interpreting the Qur'an: a guide for the uninitiated. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Continuum_International_Publishing_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Continuum International Publishing Group (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Continuum International Publishing Group</a>. p. 101. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-8264-9944-8" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-8264-9944-8"><bdi>978-0-8264-9944-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Interpreting+the+Qur%27an%3A+a+guide+for+the+uninitiated&rft.pages=101&rft.pub=Continuum+International+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-8264-9944-8&rft.aulast=Bennett&rft.aufirst=Clinton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFBlankinship2008" class="citation book cs1">Blankinship, K. (2008). "The early creed". In T. Winter (ed.). The Cambridge Companion to Classical Islamic Theology. Cambridge Companions to Religion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 33–54. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FCCOL9780521780582.003">10.1017/CCOL9780521780582.003</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-521-78058-2" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-521-78058-2"><bdi>978-0-521-78058-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+early+creed&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Companion+to+Classical+Islamic+Theology&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.series=Cambridge+Companions+to+Religion&rft.pages=33-54&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FCCOL9780521780582.003&rft.isbn=978-0-521-78058-2&rft.aulast=Blankinship&rft.aufirst=K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFBrockopp2003" class="citation book cs1">Brockopp, Jonathan E. (2003). Islamic Ethics of Life: abortion, war and euthanasia. <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_South_Carolina_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of South Carolina Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">University of South Carolina Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-57003-471-8" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-57003-471-8"><bdi>978-1-57003-471-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islamic+Ethics+of+Life%3A+abortion%2C+war+and+euthanasia&rft.pub=University+of+South+Carolina+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1-57003-471-8&rft.aulast=Brockopp&rft.aufirst=Jonathan+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFBulliet2005" class="citation book cs1">Bulliet, Richard (2005). The Earth and Its Peoples. Boston: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Houghton_Mifflin_Harcourt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Houghton Mifflin</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/0-618-42770-8" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/0-618-42770-8"><bdi>0-618-42770-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Earth+and+Its+Peoples&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-618-42770-8&rft.aulast=Bulliet&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFBurge2015" class="citation book cs1">Burge, Stephen (2015). Angels in Islam: Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti's al-Haba'ik fi akhbar al-mala'ik. London: Routledge. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-136-50473-0" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-136-50473-0"><bdi>978-1-136-50473-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Angels+in+Islam%3A+Jalal+al-Din+al-Suyuti%27s+al-Haba%27ik+fi+akhbar+al-mala%27ik&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-136-50473-0&rft.aulast=Burge&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFÇakmak2017" class="citation book cs1">Çakmak, Cenap (2017). Islam: A Worldwide Encyclopedia. 4 volumes. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ABC-CLIO&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ABC-CLIO (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ABC-CLIO</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-61069-217-5" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-61069-217-5"><bdi>978-1-61069-217-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+A+Worldwide+Encyclopedia&rft.series=4+volumes&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-61069-217-5&rft.aulast=%C3%87akmak&rft.aufirst=Cenap&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFCampo2009" class="citation book cs1">Campo, Juan E. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OZbyz_Hr-eIC">Encyclopedia of Islam</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Infobase_Publishing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Infobase Publishing (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Infobase Publishing</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-8160-5454-1" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-8160-5454-1"><bdi>978-0-8160-5454-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Islam&rft.pub=Infobase+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-8160-5454-1&rft.aulast=Campo&rft.aufirst=Juan+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOZbyz_Hr-eIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFChittick2008" class="citation book cs1">Chittick, William C (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LI0kjBlXS5UC">Sufism: A Beginner's Guide</a>. Simon and Schuster. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-78074-052-2" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-78074-052-2"><bdi>978-1-78074-052-2</bdi></a>. Retrieved 17 January 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sufism%3A+A+Beginner%27s+Guide&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-78074-052-2&rft.aulast=Chittick&rft.aufirst=William+C&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLI0kjBlXS5UC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFCohen-Mor2001" class="citation book cs1">Cohen-Mor, Dalya (2001). A Matter of Fate: The Concept of Fate in the Arab World as Reflected in Modern Arabic Literature. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-513398-1" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-513398-1"><bdi>978-0-19-513398-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Matter+of+Fate%3A+The+Concept+of+Fate+in+the+Arab+World+as+Reflected+in+Modern+Arabic+Literature&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-19-513398-1&rft.aulast=Cohen-Mor&rft.aufirst=Dalya&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFCurtis2005" class="citation book cs1">Curtis, Patricia A. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/guidetofoodlawsr0000curt">A Guide to Food Laws and Regulations</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiley-Blackwell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wiley-Blackwell (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Blackwell Publishing Professional</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-8138-1946-4" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-8138-1946-4"><bdi>978-0-8138-1946-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Guide+to+Food+Laws+and+Regulations&rft.pub=Blackwell+Publishing+Professional&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-8138-1946-4&rft.aulast=Curtis&rft.aufirst=Patricia+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fguidetofoodlawsr0000curt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFEsposito1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Esposito&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Esposito (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Esposito, John</a> (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islamstraightpat0000espo">Islam: The Straight Path</a> (3rd ed.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-511234-4" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-511234-4"><bdi>978-0-19-511234-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+The+Straight+Path&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-19-511234-4&rft.aulast=Esposito&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fislamstraightpat0000espo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFEsposito1999" class="citation book cs1">—, ed. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordhistoryofi00john">The Oxford History of Islam</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-510799-9" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-510799-9"><bdi>978-0-19-510799-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+History+of+Islam&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-19-510799-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foxfordhistoryofi00john&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFEsposito2000" class="citation book cs1">—, ed. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordhistoryofi00john">The Oxford History of Islam</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-510799-9" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-510799-9"><bdi>978-0-19-510799-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+History+of+Islam&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-19-510799-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foxfordhistoryofi00john&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFEsposito2002a" class="citation book cs1">— (2002a). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/unholywarterrori0000espo">Unholy War: Terror in the Name of Islam</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-516886-0" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-516886-0"><bdi>978-0-19-516886-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Unholy+War%3A+Terror+in+the+Name+of+Islam&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-19-516886-0&rft.aulast=Esposito&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Funholywarterrori0000espo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFEsposito2002b" class="citation book cs1">— (2002b). What Everyone Needs to Know about Islam. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-515713-0" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-515713-0"><bdi>978-0-19-515713-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=What+Everyone+Needs+to+Know+about+Islam&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-19-515713-0&rft.aulast=Esposito&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFEsposito2005" class="citation book cs1">— (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islamstraightpat0001espo">Islam: The Straight Path</a> (Revised 3rd ed.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-518266-8" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-518266-8"><bdi>978-0-19-518266-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+The+Straight+Path&rft.edition=Revised+3rd&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-19-518266-8&rft.aulast=Esposito&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fislamstraightpat0001espo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFEsposito2010" class="citation book cs1">— (2010). Islam: The Straight Path (4th ed.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-539600-3" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-539600-3"><bdi>978-0-19-539600-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+The+Straight+Path&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-19-539600-3&rft.aulast=Esposito&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFEsposito2011" class="citation book cs1">— (2011). What Everyone Needs to Know about Islam (2nd ed.). Oxford: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-979413-3" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-979413-3"><bdi>978-0-19-979413-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=What+Everyone+Needs+to+Know+about+Islam&rft.place=Oxford&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-19-979413-3&rft.aulast=Esposito&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080204031050/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/Public/book_wenkai.html">Lay summary</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFEspositoHaddad2000" class="citation book cs1">Esposito, John; Haddad, Yvonne Yazbeck (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/muslimsonamerica00yvon">Muslims on the Americanization Path?</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-513526-8" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-513526-8"><bdi>978-0-19-513526-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muslims+on+the+Americanization+Path%3F&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-19-513526-8&rft.aulast=Esposito&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Haddad%2C+Yvonne+Yazbeck&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmuslimsonamerica00yvon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFFarah1994" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_E._Farah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caesar E. Farah (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Farah, Caesar</a> (1994). Islam: Beliefs and Observances (5th ed.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barron%27s_Educational_Series&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barron's Educational Series (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Barron's Educational Series</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-8120-1853-0" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-8120-1853-0"><bdi>978-0-8120-1853-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+Beliefs+and+Observances&rft.edition=5th&rft.pub=Barron%27s+Educational+Series&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-8120-1853-0&rft.aulast=Farah&rft.aufirst=Caesar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFFarah2003" class="citation book cs1">— (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islambeliefsobse00fara_0">Islam: Beliefs and Observances</a> (7th ed.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barron%27s_Educational_Series&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barron's Educational Series (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Barron's Educational Series</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-7641-2226-2" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-7641-2226-2"><bdi>978-0-7641-2226-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+Beliefs+and+Observances&rft.edition=7th&rft.pub=Barron%27s+Educational+Series&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-7641-2226-2&rft.aulast=Farah&rft.aufirst=Caesar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fislambeliefsobse00fara_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFFirestone1999" class="citation book cs1">Firestone, Reuven (1999). Jihad: The Origin of Holy War in Islam. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-512580-1" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-512580-1"><bdi>978-0-19-512580-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jihad%3A+The+Origin+of+Holy+War+in+Islam&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-19-512580-1&rft.aulast=Firestone&rft.aufirst=Reuven&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFGoldschmidtDavidson2005" class="citation book cs1">Goldschmidt, Arthur Jr.; Davidson, Lawrence (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/concisehistoryof0008gold">A Concise History of the Middle East</a> (8th ed.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Westview_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Westview Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Westview Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-8133-4275-7" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-8133-4275-7"><bdi>978-0-8133-4275-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Concise+History+of+the+Middle+East&rft.edition=8th&rft.pub=Westview+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-8133-4275-7&rft.aulast=Goldschmidt&rft.aufirst=Arthur+Jr.&rft.au=Davidson%2C+Lawrence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fconcisehistoryof0008gold&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFGriffithSavage2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruth_Marie_Griffith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruth Marie Griffith (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Griffith, Ruth Marie</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbara_D._Savage&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barbara D. Savage (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Savage, Barbara Dianne</a> (2006). Women and Religion in the African Diaspora: Knowledge, Power, and Performance. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Johns_Hopkins_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johns Hopkins University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Johns Hopkins University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-8018-8370-5" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-8018-8370-5"><bdi>978-0-8018-8370-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Women+and+Religion+in+the+African+Diaspora%3A+Knowledge%2C+Power%2C+and+Performance&rft.pub=Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-8018-8370-5&rft.aulast=Griffith&rft.aufirst=Ruth+Marie&rft.au=Savage%2C+Barbara+Dianne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFHaddadSmith2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jane_Idleman_Smith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jane Idleman Smith (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Haddad, Yvonne Yazbeck</a>; Smith, Jane I. (2002). Muslims in the West: Visible and Invisible. Walnut Creek, CA: Altamira.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muslims+in+the+West%3A+Visible+and+Invisible&rft.place=Walnut+Creek%2C+CA&rft.pub=Altamira&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Haddad&rft.aufirst=Yvonne+Yazbeck&rft.au=Smith%2C+Jane+I.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFHedayetullah2006" class="citation book cs1">Hedayetullah, Muhammad (2006). Dynamics of Islam: An Exposition. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trafford_Publishing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trafford Publishing (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Trafford Publishing</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-55369-842-5" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-55369-842-5"><bdi>978-1-55369-842-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dynamics+of+Islam%3A+An+Exposition&rft.pub=Trafford+Publishing&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-55369-842-5&rft.aulast=Hedayetullah&rft.aufirst=Muhammad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFHoltLewis1977" class="citation book cs1">Holt, P.M.; Lewis, Bernard, eds. (1977). The Cambridge History of Islam. 1. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cambridge_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cambridge University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-521-29136-1" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-521-29136-1"><bdi>978-0-521-29136-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+Islam&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=978-0-521-29136-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFHoltLambtonLewis1977" class="citation book cs1">Holt, P.M.; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann_Lambton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ann Lambton (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Lambton, Ann K.S.</a>; Lewis, Bernard, eds. (1977). The Cambridge History of Islam. 2. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-521-29137-8" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-521-29137-8"><bdi>978-0-521-29137-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+Islam&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=978-0-521-29137-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFHoltLambtonLewis2000" class="citation book cs1">Holt, P.M.; Lambton, Ann K.S.; Lewis, Bernard, eds. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cambridgehistory00holt_798">The Cambridge History of Islam</a>. 1A. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-521-21946-4" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-521-21946-4"><bdi>978-0-521-21946-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+Islam&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-521-21946-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcambridgehistory00holt_798&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFHourani2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Hourani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albert Hourani (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Hourani, Albert</a> (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofarabpeo0122hour_06BYS">A History of the Arab Peoples</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Belknap_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belknap Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Belknap Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-674-01017-8" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-674-01017-8"><bdi>978-0-674-01017-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+Arab+Peoples&rft.pub=Belknap+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-674-01017-8&rft.aulast=Hourani&rft.aufirst=Albert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofarabpeo0122hour_06BYS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFIsmāʻīl_ibn_ʻUmar_Ibn_Kathīr2012" class="citation book cs1">Ismāʻīl ibn ʻUmar Ibn Kathīr (2012). The Caliphate of Banu Umayyah the first Phase, Ibn Katheer, Taken from Al-Bidayah wan-Nihayah. Translated by Yoosuf Al-Hajj Ahmad. Riyadh: Maktaba Dar-us-Salam. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-603-500-080-2" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-603-500-080-2"><bdi>978-603-500-080-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Caliphate+of+Banu+Umayyah+the+first+Phase%2C+Ibn+Katheer%2C+Taken+from+Al-Bidayah+wan-Nihayah&rft.place=Riyadh&rft.pub=Maktaba+Dar-us-Salam&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-603-500-080-2&rft.au=Ism%C4%81%CA%BB%C4%ABl+ibn+%CA%BBUmar+Ibn+Kath%C4%ABr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFKobeisy2004" class="citation book cs1">Kobeisy, Ahmed Nezar (2004). Counseling American Muslims: Understanding the Faith and Helping the People. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Greenwood_Publishing_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Greenwood Publishing Group (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Praeger Publishers</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-313-32472-7" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-313-32472-7"><bdi>978-0-313-32472-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Counseling+American+Muslims%3A+Understanding+the+Faith+and+Helping+the+People&rft.pub=Praeger+Publishers&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-313-32472-7&rft.aulast=Kobeisy&rft.aufirst=Ahmed+Nezar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFKramer1987" class="citation book cs1">Kramer, Martin (1987). Shi'Ism, Resistance, and Revolution. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Westview_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Westview Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Westview Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-8133-0453-3" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-8133-0453-3"><bdi>978-0-8133-0453-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shi%27Ism%2C+Resistance%2C+and+Revolution&rft.pub=Westview+Press&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-0-8133-0453-3&rft.aulast=Kramer&rft.aufirst=Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFLapidus2002" class="citation book cs1">Lapidus, Ira (2002). A History of Islamic Societies (2nd ed.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cambridge_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cambridge University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-521-77933-3" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-521-77933-3"><bdi>978-0-521-77933-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Islamic+Societies&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-521-77933-3&rft.aulast=Lapidus&rft.aufirst=Ira&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFLewis1984" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernard_Lewis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernard Lewis (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Lewis, Bernard</a> (1984). The Jews of Islam. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge_%26_Kegan_Paul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge & Kegan Paul (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Routledge & Kegan Paul</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-7102-0462-2" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-7102-0462-2"><bdi>978-0-7102-0462-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Jews+of+Islam&rft.pub=Routledge+%26+Kegan+Paul&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=978-0-7102-0462-2&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFLewis1993" class="citation book cs1">— (1993). The Arabs in History. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-285258-8" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-285258-8"><bdi>978-0-19-285258-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Arabs+in+History&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-19-285258-8&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFLewis1997" class="citation book cs1">— (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/middleeastbriefh0000lewi">The Middle East</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Scribner%27s_Sons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Scribner's Sons (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Scribner</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-684-83280-7" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-684-83280-7"><bdi>978-0-684-83280-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Middle+East&rft.pub=Scribner&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-684-83280-7&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmiddleeastbriefh0000lewi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFLewis2001" class="citation book cs1">— (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islaminhistory00bern">Islam in History: Ideas, People, and Events in the Middle East</a> (2nd ed.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Court_Publishing_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Open Court Publishing Company (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Open Court Publishing Company</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-8126-9518-2" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-8126-9518-2"><bdi>978-0-8126-9518-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+in+History%3A+Ideas%2C+People%2C+and+Events+in+the+Middle+East&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Open+Court+Publishing+Company&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-8126-9518-2&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fislaminhistory00bern&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFLewis2003" class="citation book cs1">— (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/whatwentwrongcl00lewi">What Went Wrong?: The Clash Between Islam and Modernity in the Middle East</a> (reprint ed.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harper_Perennial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harper Perennial (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Harper Perennial</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-06-051605-5" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-06-051605-5"><bdi>978-0-06-051605-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=What+Went+Wrong%3F%3A+The+Clash+Between+Islam+and+Modernity+in+the+Middle+East&rft.edition=reprint&rft.pub=Harper+Perennial&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-06-051605-5&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwhatwentwrongcl00lewi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFLewis2004" class="citation book cs1">— (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/crisisofislam00bern">The Crisis of Islam: Holy War and Unholy Terror</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Random_House,_Inc.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Random House, Inc. (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Random House, Inc.</a>, New York. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-8129-6785-2" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-8129-6785-2"><bdi>978-0-8129-6785-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Crisis+of+Islam%3A+Holy+War+and+Unholy+Terror&rft.pub=Random+House%2C+Inc.%2C+New+York&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-8129-6785-2&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcrisisofislam00bern&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFMadelung1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilferd_Madelung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilferd Madelung (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Madelung, Wilferd</a> (1996). The Succession to Muhammad: A Study of the Early Caliphate. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cambridge_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cambridge University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-521-64696-3" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-521-64696-3"><bdi>978-0-521-64696-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Succession+to+Muhammad%3A+A+Study+of+the+Early+Caliphate&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-521-64696-3&rft.aulast=Madelung&rft.aufirst=Wilferd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFMalikHinnells2006" class="citation book cs1">Malik, Jamal; Hinnells, John R. (2006). Sufism in the West. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Routledge</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-415-27408-1" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-415-27408-1"><bdi>978-0-415-27408-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sufism+in+the+West&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-415-27408-1&rft.aulast=Malik&rft.aufirst=Jamal&rft.au=Hinnells%2C+John+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFMomen1987" class="citation book cs1">Momen, Moojan (1987). An Introduction to Shi'i Islam: The History and Doctrines of Twelver Shi'ism. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yale_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yale University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Yale University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-300-03531-5" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-300-03531-5"><bdi>978-0-300-03531-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+Shi%27i+Islam%3A+The+History+and+Doctrines+of+Twelver+Shi%27ism&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-0-300-03531-5&rft.aulast=Momen&rft.aufirst=Moojan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFNasr2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seyyed_Hossein_Nasr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seyyed Hossein Nasr (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Nasr, Seyed Hossein</a> (2003). The Heart of Islam: Enduring Values for Humanity.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Heart+of+Islam%3A+Enduring+Values+for+Humanity&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Nasr&rft.aufirst=Seyed+Hossein&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFNasr1994" class="citation book cs1">Nasr, Seyed Muhammad (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ourreligions00shar">Our Religions: The Seven World Religions Introduced by Preeminent Scholars from Each Tradition (Chapter 7)</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=HarperCollins&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HarperCollins (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">HarperCollins</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-06-067700-8" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-06-067700-8"><bdi>978-0-06-067700-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Our+Religions%3A+The+Seven+World+Religions+Introduced+by+Preeminent+Scholars+from+Each+Tradition+%28Chapter+7%29&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-06-067700-8&rft.aulast=Nasr&rft.aufirst=Seyed+Muhammad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fourreligions00shar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFNigosian2004" class="citation book cs1">Nigosian, Solomon Alexander (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islamitshistoryt0000nigo">Islam: Its History, Teaching, and Practices</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Indiana_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indiana University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Indiana University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-253-21627-4" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-253-21627-4"><bdi>978-0-253-21627-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+Its+History%2C+Teaching%2C+and+Practices&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-253-21627-4&rft.aulast=Nigosian&rft.aufirst=Solomon+Alexander&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fislamitshistoryt0000nigo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFPeacock2019" class="citation book cs1">Peacock, A.C.S. (2019). Islam, Literature and Society in Mongol Anatolia. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2F9781108582124">10.1017/9781108582124</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-108-58212-4" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-108-58212-4"><bdi>978-1-108-58212-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=S2CID_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="S2CID (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:211657444">211657444</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%2C+Literature+and+Society+in+Mongol+Anatolia&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A211657444%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2F9781108582124&rft.isbn=978-1-108-58212-4&rft.aulast=Peacock&rft.aufirst=A.C.S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFPeters2003" class="citation book cs1">Peters, F. E. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islamguideforjew00fepe">Islam: A Guide for Jews and Christians</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Princeton_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Princeton University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Princeton University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-691-11553-5" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-691-11553-5"><bdi>978-0-691-11553-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+A+Guide+for+Jews+and+Christians&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-691-11553-5&rft.aulast=Peters&rft.aufirst=F.+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fislamguideforjew00fepe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="Tɛmplet:Sfnref" class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2009/10/Muslimpopulation.pdf">Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population</a> (PDF) (Report). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pew_Research_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pew Research Center (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Pew Research Center</a>. October 2009. Retrieved 25 May 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Mapping+the+Global+Muslim+Population%3A+A+Report+on+the+Size+and+Distribution+of+the+World%27s+Muslim+Population&rft.pub=Pew+Research+Center&rft.date=2009-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewresearch.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fsites%2F7%2F2009%2F10%2FMuslimpopulation.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/2009/10/07/mapping-the-global-muslim-population/">Overview</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFRippin2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrew_Rippin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrew Rippin (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Rippin, Andrew</a> (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/muslimstheirreli0000ripp">Muslims: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices</a> (2nd ed.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Routledge</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-415-21781-1" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-415-21781-1"><bdi>978-0-415-21781-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muslims%3A+Their+Religious+Beliefs+and+Practices&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-415-21781-1&rft.aulast=Rippin&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmuslimstheirreli0000ripp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal">Serjeant, R.B. (1978). "Sunnah Jami'ah, pacts with the Yathrib Jews, and the Tahrim of Yathrib". <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulletin_of_the_School_of_Oriental_and_African_Studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies</a> 41: 1–42. <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C9%99q%C9%99mli_obyektin_identifikatoru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rəqəmli obyektin identifikatoru (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0041977X00057761">10.1017/S0041977X00057761</a>.</cite></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFSachedina1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdulaziz_Sachedina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdulaziz Sachedina (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Sachedina, Abdulaziz</a> (1998). The Just Ruler in Shi'ite Islam: The Comprehensive Authority of the Jurist in Imamite Jurisprudence. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a> US. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-511915-2" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-511915-2"><bdi>978-0-19-511915-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Just+Ruler+in+Shi%27ite+Islam%3A+The+Comprehensive+Authority+of+the+Jurist+in+Imamite+Jurisprudence&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press+US&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-19-511915-2&rft.aulast=Sachedina&rft.aufirst=Abdulaziz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jane_Idleman_Smith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jane Idleman Smith (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Smith, Jane I.</a> (2006). The Islamic Understanding of Death and Resurrection. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-515649-2" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-515649-2"><bdi>978-0-19-515649-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Islamic+Understanding+of+Death+and+Resurrection&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-19-515649-2&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Jane+I.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFStefon2010" class="citation book cs1">Stefon, Matt, ed. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islamicbeliefspr0000stef">Islamic Beliefs and Practices</a>. New York: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Britannica_Educational_Publishing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Britannica Educational Publishing (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Britannica Educational Publishing</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-61530-060-0" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-61530-060-0"><bdi>978-1-61530-060-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islamic+Beliefs+and+Practices&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Britannica+Educational+Publishing&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-61530-060-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fislamicbeliefspr0000stef&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFṬabāṭabāʼī1979" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allameh_Tabatabaei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Allameh Tabatabaei (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ṭabāṭabāʼī, Sayyid Mohammad Hosayn</a> (1979). Shi'ite Islam. Translated by Nasr, Seyyed Hossein. <a href="/w/index.php?title=SUNY_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SUNY Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">SUNY Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-87395-272-9" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-87395-272-9"><bdi>978-0-87395-272-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shi%27ite+Islam&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=978-0-87395-272-9&rft.aulast=%E1%B9%ACab%C4%81%E1%B9%ADab%C4%81%CA%BC%C4%AB&rft.aufirst=Sayyid+Mohammad+Hosayn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFTeece2003" class="citation book cs1">Teece, Geoff (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islam0000teec_a5d6">Religion in Focus: Islam</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grolier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grolier (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Franklin Watts Ltd</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-7496-4796-4" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-7496-4796-4"><bdi>978-0-7496-4796-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religion+in+Focus%3A+Islam&rft.pub=Franklin+Watts+Ltd&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-7496-4796-4&rft.aulast=Teece&rft.aufirst=Geoff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fislam0000teec_a5d6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFTrimingham1998" class="citation book cs1">Trimingham, John Spencer (1998). The Sufi Orders in Islam. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-512058-5" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-512058-5"><bdi>978-0-19-512058-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Sufi+Orders+in+Islam&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-19-512058-5&rft.aulast=Trimingham&rft.aufirst=John+Spencer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFTurner2006" class="citation book cs1">Turner, Colin (2006). Islam: the Basics. London: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Routledge</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-415-34106-6" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-415-34106-6"><bdi>978-0-415-34106-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+the+Basics&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-415-34106-6&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=Colin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFTurner1998" class="citation book cs1">Turner, Bryan S. (1998). Weber and Islam. London: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Routledge</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-415-17458-9" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-415-17458-9"><bdi>978-0-415-17458-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Weber+and+Islam&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-415-17458-9&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=Bryan+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFWaines2003" class="citation book cs1">Waines, David (2003). An Introduction to Islam. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cambridge_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cambridge University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-521-53906-7" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-521-53906-7"><bdi>978-0-521-53906-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+Islam&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-521-53906-7&rft.aulast=Waines&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFWatt1973" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Montgomery_Watt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Montgomery Watt (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Watt, W. Montgomery</a> (1973). The Formative Period of Islamic Thought. University Press Edinburgh. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-85224-245-2" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-85224-245-2"><bdi>978-0-85224-245-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Formative+Period+of+Islamic+Thought&rft.pub=University+Press+Edinburgh&rft.date=1973&rft.isbn=978-0-85224-245-2&rft.aulast=Watt&rft.aufirst=W.+Montgomery&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFWatt1974" class="citation book cs1">— (1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/muhammadprophets00watt">Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman</a> (New ed.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-881078-0" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-881078-0"><bdi>978-0-19-881078-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad%3A+Prophet+and+Statesman&rft.edition=New&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1974&rft.isbn=978-0-19-881078-0&rft.aulast=Watt&rft.aufirst=W.+Montgomery&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmuhammadprophets00watt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFWeiss2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernard_G._Weiss&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernard G. Weiss (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Weiss, Bernard G.</a> (2002). Studies in Islamic Legal Theory. Boston: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brill Publishers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Brill Academic publishers</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-90-04-12066-2" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-90-04-12066-2"><bdi>978-90-04-12066-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Studies+in+Islamic+Legal+Theory&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Brill+Academic+publishers&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-90-04-12066-2&rft.aulast=Weiss&rft.aufirst=Bernard+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Encyclopedias_and_dictionaries">Encyclopedias and dictionaries</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=36" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Encyclopedias and dictionaries" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section's source code: Encyclopedias and dictionaries">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r27009"><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Harvc (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Harvc</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1573-3912_islam_COM_0387">10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0387</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Encyclopædia Britannica. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Inc.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica%2C+Inc.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFFahlbusch_et_al2001" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Fahlbusch, Erwin; et al., eds. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yaecVMhMWaEC">The Encyclopedia of Christianity</a>. 2. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brill Publishers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Brill Publishers</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-90-04-11695-5" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-90-04-11695-5"><bdi>978-90-04-11695-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Christianity&rft.pub=Brill+Publishers&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-90-04-11695-5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyaecVMhMWaEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFEncyclopaedia_of_Islam_(1st_ed.)1913–1936" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martijn_Theodoor_Houtsma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martijn Theodoor Houtsma (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Houtsma, M.T.</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Walker_Arnold&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Walker Arnold (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Arnold, T.W.</a>; Basset, R.; Hartmann, R., eds. (1913–1936). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclopaedia_of_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopaedia of Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Encyclopaedia of Islam</a> (1st ed.). Leiden: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brill Publishers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Brill</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-90-04-08265-6" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-90-04-08265-6"><bdi>978-90-04-08265-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam&rft.place=Leiden&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=1913%2F1936&rft.isbn=978-90-04-08265-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFEncyclopaedia_of_Islam_(2nd_ed.)2012" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peri_Bearman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peri Bearman (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Bearman, P.J.</a>; Bianquis, Th.; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Clifford_Edmund_Bosworth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clifford Edmund Bosworth (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Bosworth, C.E.</a>; van Donzel, E.; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfhart_Heinrichs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfhart Heinrichs (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Heinrichs, W.P.</a>, eds. (2012). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclopaedia_of_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopaedia of Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Encyclopaedia of Islam</a> (2nd ed.). Leiden: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brill Publishers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Brill</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-90-04-16121-4" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-90-04-16121-4"><bdi>978-90-04-16121-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISSN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISSN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1573-3912">1573-3912</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam&rft.place=Leiden&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2012&rft.issn=1573-3912&rft.isbn=978-90-04-16121-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFEncyclopaedia_of_Islam_Onlinen.d." class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peri_Bearman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peri Bearman (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Bearman, P.J.</a>; Bianquis, Th.; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Clifford_Edmund_Bosworth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clifford Edmund Bosworth (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Bosworth, C.E.</a>; van Donzel, E.; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfhart_Heinrichs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfhart Heinrichs (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Heinrichs, W.P.</a>, eds. (n.d.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/view/package/eio?language=en">Encyclopaedia of Islam Online</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Academic_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brill Academic Publishers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Brill Academic Publishers</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISSN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISSN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1573-3912">1573-3912</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam+Online&rft.pub=Brill+Academic+Publishers&rft.issn=1573-3912&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrill.com%2Fview%2Fpackage%2Feio%3Flanguage%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFMartin2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Martin, Richard C., ed. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofis0001unse">Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Macmillan_Reference_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Macmillan Reference Books (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Macmillan Reference Books</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomson-Gale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomson-Gale (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Thomson-Gale</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-02-865603-8" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-02-865603-8"><bdi>978-0-02-865603-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Islam+and+the+Muslim+World&rft.series=Macmillan+Reference+Books&rft.pub=Thomson-Gale&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-02-865603-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fencyclopediaofis0001unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFMcAuliffen.d." class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jane_Dammen_McAuliffe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jane Dammen McAuliffe (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">McAuliffe, Jane Dammen</a>, ed. (n.d.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclopaedia_of_the_Qur%27an&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an Online</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Academic_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brill Academic Publishers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Brill Academic Publishers</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+the+Qur%27an+Online&rft.pub=Brill+Academic+Publishers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFMcAuliffe2002" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">McAuliffe, Jane Dammen, ed. (2002). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclopaedia_of_the_Qur%CA%BE%C4%81n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān</a>. 2. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Academic_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brill Academic Publishers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Brill Academic Publishers</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+the+Qur%CA%BE%C4%81n&rft.pub=Brill+Academic+Publishers&rft.date=2002&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFMcAuliffe2003" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">McAuliffe, Jane Dammen, ed. (2003). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclopaedia_of_the_Qur%CA%BE%C4%81n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān</a>. 3. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Academic_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brill Academic Publishers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Brill Academic Publishers</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+the+Qur%CA%BE%C4%81n&rft.pub=Brill+Academic+Publishers&rft.date=2003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFSalamone2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Salamone, Frank, ed. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofre00sala">Encyclopedia of Religious Rites, Rituals, and Festivals</a>. Routledge Encyclopedias of Religion and Society. 6 (1st ed.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Routledge</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-415-94180-8" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-415-94180-8"><bdi>978-0-415-94180-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=JSTOR_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JSTOR (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1jd94wq">j.ctt1jd94wq</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Religious+Rites%2C+Rituals%2C+and+Festivals&rft.series=Routledge+Encyclopedias+of+Religion+and+Society&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2004&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fj.ctt1jd94wq%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.isbn=978-0-415-94180-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fencyclopediaofre00sala&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFGlassé2003" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Glassé, Cyril, ed. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newencyclopediao0000glas">The New Encyclopedia of Islam</a>. Revised Edition of the Concise Encyclopedia of Islam. <a href="/w/index.php?title=AltaMira_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AltaMira Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">AltaMira Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-7591-0190-6" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-7591-0190-6"><bdi>978-0-7591-0190-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Encyclopedia+of+Islam&rft.series=Revised+Edition+of+the+Concise+Encyclopedia+of+Islam&rft.pub=AltaMira+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-7591-0190-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnewencyclopediao0000glas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFEsposito2003" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Esposito, John, ed. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxforddictionary00bada">The Oxford Dictionary of Islam</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-512558-0" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-512558-0"><bdi>978-0-19-512558-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+Islam&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-19-512558-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foxforddictionary00bada&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195125580.001.0001">10.1093/acref/9780195125580.001.0001</a> – via Oxford Reference.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFEsposito2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Esposito, John, ed. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=E324pQEEQQcC">The Oxford Dictionary of Islam</a>. Oxford: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-975726-8" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-975726-8"><bdi>978-0-19-975726-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+Islam&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-19-975726-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DE324pQEEQQcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFLeaman2006" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Leaman, Oliver, ed. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=isDgI0-0Ip4C">The Qur'an: An Encyclopedia</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Routledge</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-415-32639-1" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-415-32639-1"><bdi>978-0-415-32639-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Qur%27an%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-415-32639-1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DisDgI0-0Ip4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=37" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Further reading" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section's source code: Further reading">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <table role="presentation" class="metadata mbox-small sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks" style="background-color:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;color:#000"> <tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="mbox-text"> Musulunsi at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a></td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:1px"></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist"><ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /><a href="https://dag.wiktionary.org/wiki/Islam" class="extiw" title="wikt:Islam">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Islam" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Islam">Media</a> from Commons</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /><a href="https://dag.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Islam" class="extiw" title="n:Category:Islam">News</a> from Wikinews</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /><a href="https://dag.wikiquote.org/wiki/Islam" class="extiw" title="q:Islam">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /><a href="https://dag.wikisource.org/wiki/Portal:Islam" class="extiw" title="s:Portal:Islam">Texts</a> from Wikisource</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /><a href="https://dag.wikibooks.org/wiki/Subject:Islam" class="extiw" title="b:Subject:Islam">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /><a href="https://dag.wikiversity.org/wiki/Islam" class="extiw" title="v:Islam">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /><a href="https://dag.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Islam" class="extiw" title="voy:Islam">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/27px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/41px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/54px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432" class="extiw" title="d:Q432">Data</a> from Wikidata</li></ul></td></tr> </tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r27009"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/encyclopedia-of-sahih-al-bukhari-arabic-virtual-translation-center/1134457685?ean=2940160787701">Encyclopedia of Sahih Al-Bukhari</a> by Arabic Virtual Translation Center (New York 2019, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barnes_%26_Noble&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barnes & Noble (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Barnes & Noble</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-359-67265-3" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-359-67265-3">978-0-359-67265-3</a>). The foundation of Islam: from revelation to tawhid.</li> <li>Abdul-Haqq, Abdiyah Akbar (1980). Sharing Your Faith with a Muslim. Minneapolis: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bethany_House_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bethany House Publishers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Bethany House Publishers</a>. N.B. Presents the genuine doctrines and concepts of Islam and of the Holy Qur'an, and this religion's affinities with Christianity and its Sacred Scriptures, in order to "dialogue" on the basis of what both faiths really teach. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/0-87123-553-6" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/0-87123-553-6">0-87123-553-6</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFAhmad2008" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imad-ad-Dean_Ahmad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imad-ad-Dean Ahmad (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Ahmad, Imad-ad-Dean</a> (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yxNgXs3TkJYC">"Islam"</a>. In <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ronald_Hamowy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ronald Hamowy (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Hamowy, Ronald</a> (ed.). The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism. Thousand Oaks, CA: <a href="/w/index.php?title=SAGE_Publishing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SAGE Publishing (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">SAGE</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cato_Institute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cato Institute (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Cato Institute</a>. pp. 256–258. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4135%2F9781412965811.n155">10.4135/9781412965811.n155</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-4129-6580-4" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-4129-6580-4"><bdi>978-1-4129-6580-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=LCCN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LCCN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//lccn.loc.gov/2008009151">2008009151</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=OCLC_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OCLC (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/750831024">750831024</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Islam&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Libertarianism&rft.place=Thousand+Oaks%2C+CA&rft.pages=256-258&rft.pub=SAGE%3B+Cato+Institute&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F750831024&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F2008009151&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4135%2F9781412965811.n155&rft.isbn=978-1-4129-6580-4&rft.aulast=Ahmad&rft.aufirst=Imad-ad-Dean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyxNgXs3TkJYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFAkyol2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustafa_Akyol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mustafa Akyol (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Akyol, Mustafa</a> (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islamwithoutextr0000akyo">Islam Without Extremes</a> (1st ed.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=W.W._Norton_%26_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="W.W. Norton & Company (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">W.W. Norton & Company</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-393-07086-6" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-393-07086-6"><bdi>978-0-393-07086-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+Without+Extremes&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=W.W.+Norton+%26+Company&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-393-07086-6&rft.aulast=Akyol&rft.aufirst=Mustafa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fislamwithoutextr0000akyo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFArberry1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=A._J._Arberry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A. J. Arberry (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Arberry, A.J.</a> (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/koraninterpreted00ajar">The Koran Interpreted: A Translation</a> (1st ed.). Touchstone. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-684-82507-6" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-684-82507-6"><bdi>978-0-684-82507-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Koran+Interpreted%3A+A+Translation&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Touchstone&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-684-82507-6&rft.aulast=Arberry&rft.aufirst=A.J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fkoraninterpreted00ajar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Cragg, Kenneth (1975). The House of Islam, in The Religious Life of Man Series. Second ed. Belmont, CA: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wadsworth_Publishing_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wadsworth Publishing Company (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Wadsworth Publishing Company</a> 1975. xiii, 145 p. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/0-8221-0139-4" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/0-8221-0139-4">0-8221-0139-4</a>.</li> <li>Hourani, Albert (1991). Islam in European Thought. First pbk. ed. Cambridge, Eng.: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cambridge_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cambridge University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Cambridge University Press</a>, 1992, cop. 1991. xi, 199 p. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/0-521-42120-9" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/0-521-42120-9">0-521-42120-9</a>; alternative ISBN on back cover, 0-521-42120-0.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFKhanAl-Hilali_KhanMuhammad_Taqi-ud-Din1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Muhsin_Khan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad Muhsin Khan (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Khan, Muhammad Muhsin</a>; Al-Hilali Khan; Muhammad Taqi-ud-Din (1999). Noble Quran (1st ed.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dar-us-Salam_Publications&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dar-us-Salam Publications (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Dar-us-Salam Publications</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-9960-740-79-9" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-9960-740-79-9"><bdi>978-9960-740-79-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Noble+Quran&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Dar-us-Salam+Publications&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-9960-740-79-9&rft.aulast=Khan&rft.aufirst=Muhammad+Muhsin&rft.au=Al-Hilali+Khan&rft.au=Muhammad+Taqi-ud-Din&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Khanbaghi, A, (2006). The Fire, the Star and the Cross: Minority Religions in Medieval and Early Modern Iran. <a href="/w/index.php?title=I._B._Tauris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="I. B. Tauris (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">I. B. Tauris</a>.</li> <li>Khavari, Farid A. (1990). Oil and Islam: the Ticking Bomb. First ed. Malibu, Calif.: Roundtable Publications. viii, 277 p., ill. with maps and charts. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/0-915677-55-5" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/0-915677-55-5">0-915677-55-5</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFKramer1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_Kramer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Kramer (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Kramer, Martin</a>, ed. (1999). The Jewish Discovery of Islam: Studies in Honor of Bernard Lewis. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Syracuse_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Syracuse University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Syracuse University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-965-224-040-8" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-965-224-040-8"><bdi>978-965-224-040-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Jewish+Discovery+of+Islam%3A+Studies+in+Honor+of+Bernard+Lewis&rft.pub=Syracuse+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-965-224-040-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFKuban1974" class="citation book cs1">Kuban, Dogan (1974). Muslim Religious Architecture. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Academic_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brill Academic Publishers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Brill Academic Publishers</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-90-04-03813-4" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-90-04-03813-4"><bdi>978-90-04-03813-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muslim+Religious+Architecture&rft.pub=Brill+Academic+Publishers&rft.date=1974&rft.isbn=978-90-04-03813-4&rft.aulast=Kuban&rft.aufirst=Dogan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFLewis1994" class="citation book cs1">Lewis, Bernard (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islamwest00lewi_0">Islam and the West</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-509061-1" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-509061-1"><bdi>978-0-19-509061-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+and+the+West&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-19-509061-1&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fislamwest00lewi_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFLewis1996" class="citation book cs1">Lewis, Bernard (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/culturesinconfli0000lewi">Cultures in Conflict: Christians, Muslims, and Jews in the Age of Discovery</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-510283-3" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-19-510283-3"><bdi>978-0-19-510283-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cultures+in+Conflict%3A+Christians%2C+Muslims%2C+and+Jews+in+the+Age+of+Discovery&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-19-510283-3&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fculturesinconfli0000lewi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFMubarkpuri2002" class="citation book cs1">Mubarkpuri, Saifur-Rahman (2002). The Sealed Nectar: Biography of the Prophet. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dar-us-Salam_Publications&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dar-us-Salam Publications (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Dar-us-Salam Publications</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-59144-071-0" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-59144-071-0"><bdi>978-1-59144-071-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Sealed+Nectar%3A+Biography+of+the+Prophet&rft.pub=Dar-us-Salam+Publications&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1-59144-071-0&rft.aulast=Mubarkpuri&rft.aufirst=Saifur-Rahman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFNajeebabadi2001" class="citation book cs1">Najeebabadi, Akbar Shah (2001). History of Islam. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dar-us-Salam_Publications&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dar-us-Salam Publications (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Dar-us-Salam Publications</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-59144-034-5" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-59144-034-5"><bdi>978-1-59144-034-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Islam&rft.pub=Dar-us-Salam+Publications&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-1-59144-034-5&rft.aulast=Najeebabadi&rft.aufirst=Akbar+Shah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFRahman1979" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fazlur_Rahman_Malik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fazlur Rahman Malik (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Rahman, Fazlur</a> (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780226702810">Islam</a> (2nd ed.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Chicago_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Chicago Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">University of Chicago Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-226-70281-0" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-226-70281-0"><bdi>978-0-226-70281-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=978-0-226-70281-0&rft.aulast=Rahman&rft.aufirst=Fazlur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9780226702810&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFSchimmel1994" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Annemarie_Schimmel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Annemarie Schimmel (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Schimmel, Annemarie</a> (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190422154518/https://www.giffordlectures.org/books/deciphering-signs-god-phenomenological-approach-islam">Deciphering the Signs of God: A Phenomenological Approach to Islam</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=State_University_of_New_York_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="State University of New York Press (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">State University of New York Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-7914-1982-3" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-7914-1982-3"><bdi>978-0-7914-1982-3</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.giffordlectures.org/books/deciphering-signs-god-phenomenological-approach-islam">the original</a> on 22 April 2019. Retrieved 31 January 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Deciphering+the+Signs+of+God%3A+A+Phenomenological+Approach+to+Islam&rft.pub=State+University+of+New+York+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-7914-1982-3&rft.aulast=Schimmel&rft.aufirst=Annemarie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.giffordlectures.org%2Fbooks%2Fdeciphering-signs-god-phenomenological-approach-islam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFSchuon1963" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frithjof_Schuon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frithjof Schuon (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Schuon, Frithjof</a> (1963). Understanding Islam (3rd ed.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Allen_%26_Unwin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Allen & Unwin (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Allen & Unwin</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0941532242" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0941532242"><bdi>978-0941532242</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Understanding+Islam&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Allen+%26+Unwin&rft.date=1963&rft.isbn=978-0941532242&rft.aulast=Schuon&rft.aufirst=Frithjof&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFTausch2009" class="citation book cs1">Tausch, Arno (2009). What 1.3 Billion Muslims Really Think: An Answer to a Recent Gallup Study, Based on the "World Values Survey". Foreword Mansoor Moaddel, Eastern Michigan University (1st ed.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nova_Science_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nova Science Publishers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Nova Science Publishers</a>, New York. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-60692-731-1" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-60692-731-1"><bdi>978-1-60692-731-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=What+1.3+Billion+Muslims+Really+Think%3A+An+Answer+to+a+Recent+Gallup+Study%2C+Based+on+the+%22World+Values+Survey%22.+Foreword+Mansoor+Moaddel%2C+Eastern+Michigan+University&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Nova+Science+Publishers%2C+New+York&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-60692-731-1&rft.aulast=Tausch&rft.aufirst=Arno&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFTauschHeshmatiKaroui2015" class="citation book cs1">Tausch, Arno; Heshmati, Almas; Karoui, Hichem (2015). The political algebra of global value change. General models and implications for the Muslim world (1st ed.). New York: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nova_Science_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nova Science Publishers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Nova Science Publishers</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-1-62948-899-8" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-1-62948-899-8"><bdi>978-1-62948-899-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+political+algebra+of+global+value+change.+General+models+and+implications+for+the+Muslim+world&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Nova+Science+Publishers&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-62948-899-8&rft.aulast=Tausch&rft.aufirst=Arno&rft.au=Heshmati%2C+Almas&rft.au=Karoui%2C+Hichem&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"> Prepublication text available at: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/290349218">The political algebra of global value change. General models and implications for the Muslim world</a> (January 2014).</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFTausch2023" class="citation book cs1">Tausch, Arno (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-24854-2">Political Islam and Religiously Motivated Political Extremism</a>. SpringerBriefs in Political Science (1st ed.). Cham: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Springer_Nature&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Springer Nature (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Springer Nature</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-031-24854-2">10.1007/978-3-031-24854-2</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-3-031-24853-5" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-3-031-24853-5"><bdi>978-3-031-24853-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=S2CID_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="S2CID (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:256852082">256852082</a> Check <code class="cs1-code">|s2cid=</code> value (<a href="/wiki/S%C9%94%C5%8Bsim:CS1_errors#bad_s2cid" title="Sɔŋsim:CS1 errors">help</a>).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Political+Islam+and+Religiously+Motivated+Political+Extremism&rft.place=Cham&rft.series=SpringerBriefs+in+Political+Science&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Springer+Nature&rft.date=2023&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-3-031-24854-2&rft.isbn=978-3-031-24853-5&rft.aulast=Tausch&rft.aufirst=Arno&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Fbook%2F10.1007%2F978-3-031-24854-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18351"><cite id="CITEREFWalker1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Walker_(author)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benjamin Walker (author) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Walker, Benjamin</a> (1998). Foundations of Islam: The Making of a World Faith. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Owen_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Owen Publishers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Peter Owen Publishers</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:BookSources/978-0-7206-1038-3" title="Diŋ'gahim:BookSources/978-0-7206-1038-3"><bdi>978-0-7206-1038-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Foundations+of+Islam%3A+The+Making+of+a+World+Faith&rft.pub=Peter+Owen+Publishers&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-7206-1038-3&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fdag.wikipedia.org%3AMusulunsi" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Islam_topics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Islam topics (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Islam topics</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Religion_topics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Religion topics (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Religion topics</a> <div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C9%94%C5%8Bsim:Authority_control&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sɔŋsim:Authority control (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Authority control</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/5237148997646559870007">VIAF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX4659797">Spain</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13318428q">France</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13318428q">BnF data</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4027743-4">Germany</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007563052805171">Israel</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85068390">United States</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000047311&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00564585">Japan</a></li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r69087">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph114798&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mak.bn.org.pl/cgi-bin/KHW/makwww.exe?BM=1&NU=1&IM=4&WI=9810673080605606">Poland</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=499/309">Vatican</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esu.com.ua/search_articles.php?id=12735">Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/011392">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10644737">NARA</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027266834">IdRef</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/islam">İslâm Ansiklopedisi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> Lua bi niŋ dede:bad argument #2 to 'title.new' (unrecognized namespace name 'Portal') <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kundivihira">Kundivihira</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&veaction=edit&section=38" title="Mali sabi yaɣili: Kundivihira" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">mali niŋ</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section's source code: Kundivihira">mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ</a>]</div> <table class="navbox collapsible expanded nowraplinks noprint" style="margin:auto; width:100%; clear:both; border: 1px solid #aaa; padding: 2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; width:100%; background:#ccf; font-size:90%;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="float:left; font-size:xx-small; width:6em; text-align:left; padding:0 10px;"><a href="/wiki/T%C9%9Bmplet:Musulunsi" title="Tɛmplet:Musulunsi">v</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_template:Musulunsi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussioni template:Musulunsi (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">d</a> · <a class="external text" href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Musulunsi&action=edit">m</a></div><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Musulunsi</a></th> </tr><tr><th style="background:#ddf; white-space:nowrap; padding:0 10px; font-size:90%; ;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Musulunsi</a></th><td style="width:100%; font-size:90%; text-align:left; ; ;" colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Alikuraan" title="Alikuraan">Alikuraan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Basmala" title="Basmala">Basmala</a> • <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> • <a href="/wiki/Alima%CA%92iri" title="Alimaʒiri">Alimaʒiri</a></td></tr><tr><th style="background:#ddf; white-space:nowrap; padding:0 10px; font-size:90%; ;">Arkan al-Islam</th> <td style="width:100%; font-size:90%; text-align:left;background:#f7f7f7; ; ;" colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Shahada" title="Shahada">Shahada</a> • <a href="/wiki/Asalaati" title="Asalaati">Asalaati</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nol%C9%94ri" title="Nolɔri">Nolɔri</a> • <a href="/wiki/Zaka" title="Zaka">Zaka</a> • <a href="/wiki/A%CA%92i" title="Aʒi">Aʒi</a></td></tr><tr><th style="background:#ddf; white-space:nowrap; padding:0 10px; font-size:90%; ;"><a href="/wiki/Nol%C9%94ri-Goli" title="Nolɔri-Goli">Nolɔri-Goli</a></th> <td style="width:100%; font-size:90%; text-align:left; ; ;" colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Nol%C9%94ri" title="Nolɔri">Nolɔri</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sa%C9%A3ila" class="mw-redirect" title="Saɣila">Saɣila</a> • <a href="/wiki/Asam" title="Asam">Asam</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tahajud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tahajud (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tahajud</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C9%94nyuri_Chu%C9%A3u&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kɔnyuri Chuɣu (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Kɔnyuri Chuɣu</a></td></tr><tr><th style="background:#ddf; white-space:nowrap; padding:0 10px; font-size:90%; ;"><a href="/wiki/A%CA%92i" title="Aʒi">Aʒi</a></th> <td style="width:100%; font-size:90%; text-align:left;background:#f7f7f7; ; ;" colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Maka" title="Maka">Maka</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kaaba" title="Kaaba">Kaaba</a> • <a href="/wiki/Aliwalla" title="Aliwalla">Aliwalla</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="notice" id="stub">Lahabali ŋɔ kuli nyɛla zaɣa ŋmaa. A ni tooi sɔŋsi Wikipedia ka ti sabi <a class="external text" href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&action=edit">li ka di yaligi</a>. </div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Qref&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Qref (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Qref</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Qref&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Qref (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Qref</a>; </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Qref&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Qref (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Qref</a>; </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C9%9Bmplet:Qref&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tɛmplet:Qref (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Tɛmplet:Qref</a> </li> </ol> A chirim ya: <code>&It;ref></code> tuma maa yi laɣingu din yuli nyɛ "lower-alpha", ka lee bi saɣiritiri <code>$It;references group ="lower-alpha"/></code> tuka maa bon nya    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Di yila "<a dir="ltr" href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&oldid=92555">https://dag.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&oldid=92555</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Di%C5%8B%27gahim:Categories" title="Diŋ'gahim:Categories">Pubu pubu</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Peejinima_din_kundivira_bi_vi%C9%9Bla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Peejinima din kundivira bi viɛla (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Peejinima din kundivira bi viɛla</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:CS1_English-language_sources_(en)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:CS1 English-language sources (en) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">CS1 English-language sources (en)</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Webarchive_template_wayback_links&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Webarchive template wayback links (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:CS1_Turkish-language_sources_(tr)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:CS1 Turkish-language sources (tr) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">CS1 Turkish-language sources (tr)</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:CS1_Malay-language_sources_(ms)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:CS1 Malay-language sources (ms) (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">CS1 Malay-language sources (ms)</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Pages_using_PMID_magic_links&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Pages using PMID magic links (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Pages using PMID magic links</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Pages_with_script_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Pages with script errors (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Pages with script errors</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Articles_containing_Arabic-language_text&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Articles containing Arabic-language text (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Articles containing Arabic-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Pubu:Articles_with_hAudio_microformats" title="Pubu:Articles with hAudio microformats">Articles with hAudio microformats</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Pages_using_Sister_project_links_with_hidden_wikidata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:CS1_errors:_S2CID&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:CS1 errors: S2CID (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">CS1 errors: S2CID</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Articles with VIAF identifiers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Articles with VIAF identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Pages_with_authority_control_identifiers_needing_attention&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Pages with authority control identifiers needing attention (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Pages with authority control identifiers needing attention</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Articles_with_BNE_identifiers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Articles with BNE identifiers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Articles with BNE identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Articles_with_BNF_identifiers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Articles with BNF identifiers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Articles with BNF identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Articles_with_BNFdata_identifiers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Articles with BNFdata identifiers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Articles with BNFdata identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Articles_with_GND_identifiers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Articles with GND identifiers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Articles with GND identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Articles_with_J9U_identifiers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Articles with J9U identifiers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Articles with J9U identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Articles_with_LCCN_identifiers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Articles with LCCN identifiers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Articles with LCCN identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Articles_with_LNB_identifiers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Articles with LNB identifiers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Articles with LNB identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Articles_with_NDL_identifiers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Articles with NDL identifiers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Articles with NDL identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Articles_with_NKC_identifiers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Articles with NKC identifiers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Articles with NKC identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Articles_with_PLWABN_identifiers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Articles with PLWABN identifiers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Articles with PLWABN identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Articles_with_VcBA_identifiers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Articles with VcBA identifiers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Articles with VcBA identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Articles_with_EMU_identifiers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Articles with EMU identifiers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Articles with EMU identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Articles_with_HDS_identifiers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Articles with HDS identifiers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Articles with HDS identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Articles_with_NARA_identifiers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Articles with NARA identifiers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Articles with NARA identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Articles_with_SUDOC_identifiers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Articles with SUDOC identifiers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Articles with SUDOC identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Articles_with_TDV%C4%B0A_identifiers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Articles with TDVİA identifiers (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Articles with TDVİA identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Islam (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Islam</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:610_establishments&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:610 establishments (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">610 establishments</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Abrahamic_religions&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Abrahamic religions (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Abrahamic religions</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Monotheistic_religions&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Monotheistic religions (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Monotheistic religions</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Religious_organizations_established_in_the_7th_century&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Religious organizations established in the 7th century (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Religious organizations established in the 7th century</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Pubu:Musulunsi" title="Pubu:Musulunsi">Musulunsi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Pubu:Stubs" title="Pubu:Stubs">Stubs</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pubu:Pages_with_reference_errors_that_trigger_visual_diffs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pubu:Pages with reference errors that trigger visual diffs (yaɣili ŋɔ maa kani)">Pages with reference errors that trigger visual diffs</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Yaɣili ŋɔ daa malimi niŋ la 30 Silimin gɔli August 2024, 10:12.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; fukumsi n gbubi sabbu ŋɔ. Zalisi mini fukumsi shɛŋa din pahi: Nyama <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Zalisi zaŋ chaŋ ti tuma</a> zaŋ chaŋ di neesim polo. </li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Ashili zalikpana</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lahabali">Din jendi Dagbani Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sokam_nuu_yihibu">Nuu yihiriba</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Ban tɔhi namili</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/dag.wikipedia.org">Biɛlima kalibu laasabu malibu</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie yɛltɔɣili</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//dag.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Musulunsi&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Nucheeni-baŋ lihigu</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-688fc9465-94m79","wgBackendResponseTime":266,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"3.010","walltime":"3.894","ppvisitednodes":{"value":41228,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":579541,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":65186,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":20,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":819342,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 3295.897 1 -total"," 35.03% 1154.663 1 Tɛmplet:Reflist"," 21.25% 700.347 169 Tɛmplet:Cite_book"," 18.03% 594.316 1 Tɛmplet:Databox"," 8.63% 284.540 64 Tɛmplet:Sfnp"," 7.47% 246.227 33 Tɛmplet:Cite_encyclopedia"," 4.58% 151.104 19 Tɛmplet:Lang-ar"," 3.59% 118.241 23 Tɛmplet:ISBN"," 2.89% 95.275 24 Tɛmplet:Cite_news"," 2.57% 84.747 24 Tɛmplet:Citation/core"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"1.544","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":17859284,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAbdullah_Saeed2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAboo_Yahyaa2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdams,_Charles_J.1983\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdas1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAfsaruddinn.d.\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAhmad2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAhmed2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAkyol2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAl-Bakri2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAl-BiladhuriHitti1969\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAl-Khalili2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAl_Faruqi1987\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAlatas2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAlgar1989\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAlgar1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAliLeaman2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAlmukhtarPeçanhaWallace2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAnwerSamadBaig-AnsariIftikhar2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFArberry1956\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFArberry1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAriff1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFArmstrong2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFArnold1896\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBa-YunusKone,_Kassim2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBalzani\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBani_Issa2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBennett2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBeversluis2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBeydoun\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBindel2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBlankinship2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBoweringMirzaCrone2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrague2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrockopp2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrown1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBryer1975b\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBuhlWelchn.d.\"] = 5,\n [\"CITEREFBulliet2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBurge2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBuzpinar2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCampo2004\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFCampo2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCentre2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChittick2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCohen-Mor2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCornell2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCurtis2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFD.W._Brownn.d.\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFD._Grafton2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDe_McLaurin1979\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDe_Sondy2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDillon1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDoi1984\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDoran1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDrews2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDrover2020\"] = 5,\n [\"CITEREFEaton2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFElias2003\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFElias2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEncyclopaedia_of_Islam_(1st_ed.)1913–1936\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEncyclopaedia_of_Islam_(2nd_ed.)2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEncyclopaedia_of_Islam_Onlinen.d.\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEsposito\"] = 4,\n [\"CITEREFEsposito1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEsposito1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEsposito2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEsposito2002a\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEsposito2002b\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEsposito2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEsposito2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEsposito2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEsposito2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEsposito2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEsposito2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEspositoDeLong-Bas2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEspositoHaddad2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFahd,_T.2012\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFFahd_Salem_Bahammam\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFahlbusch_et_al2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFarah1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFarah2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFarmer1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFirestone1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFoltz2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFrancescan.d.\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFG._Rabil2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGandhi2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGardet,_L.n.d.\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGardet2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGardetJomier2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGeorge_W._Braswell2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGibb1969\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGilbert2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGimaret2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGlassé2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGlassé2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGoldman1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGoldschmidtDavidson2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGorini2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGriffithSavage2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHackett2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHaddadSmith2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHajjar2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHanan\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHarney2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHartner,_W.Tj_Boer2012\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFHava_Lazarus-Yafehn.d.\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHaviland2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHaywood2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHedayetullah2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHoffman2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHoltLambtonLewis1977\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHoltLambtonLewis2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHoltLewis1977\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHourani2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHouse_of_Justice\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHoutsmaWensinckLévi-ProvençalGibb1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHudson2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHunter2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFIbn-ʿAǧībaAresmoukFitzgeraldIbn-ʿAǧība2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFImamuddin1981\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFIsmāʻīl_ibn_ʻUmar_Ibn_Kathīr2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJ._Kuiper2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJ._Robsonn.d.\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJohn_Corrigan,_Frederick_Denny,_Martin_S_Jaffee,_Carlos_Eire2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJohn_Richard_Thackrah2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJones1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJuynboll1969\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKaramustafan.d.\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKatzBarton2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKhanAl-Hilali_KhanMuhammad_Taqi-ud-Din1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKing1983\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKirkpatrick2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKobeisy2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKoetsier2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKorbelPreckel2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKramer1987\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKramer1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKuban1974\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLandau1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLapidus2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLapidus2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLauziere2016\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFLeaman2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLegge1880\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLewis1984\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLewis1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLewis1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLewis1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLewis1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLewis2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLewis2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLewis2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLewisChurchill2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLipkaHackett2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMacDonald,_D._B.Madelung,_W.2012\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFMadelung1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMahmutćehajić2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMalikHinnells2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMamouri2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMartin2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMathijssenVenhorstVenbruxQuartier2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMattson2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcAuliffe2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcAuliffe2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcAuliffen.d.\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMeghna_GuhathakurtaWillem_van_Schendel2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMeisami2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMelchert2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMetcalf2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMichigan_Consortium_for_Medieval_and_Early_Modern_Studies1986\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMihlar_Abdul_Muthaliff2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMojzes2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMomen1987\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMoshe_Sharon1986\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMubarkpuri2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMusa2010\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFMusa2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNader_Hashemi2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNajeebabadi2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNasir2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNasr1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNasr2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNasr2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNewby2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNewman\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNigosian2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNoel_James_Coulson1964\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOliver_Holmes2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFParacha2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPeacock2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPechilisRaj2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPerrin2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPeter_Crawford2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPeters2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPeters2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPew_Forum_for_Religion_\u0026amp;_Public_Life2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPoonawala1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPuchala2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFR._Williams2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRahman1979\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRahman2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRatno_Lukito\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFReeves2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRichard_Eaton2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRidgeon2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRinggren\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRippin2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRobert_Brenton_Betts2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRobert_L._Canfield2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRubin2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSachedina1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSaid2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSalamone2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSaleh2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSanyal1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchimmel\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchimmel1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchuon1963\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSerjeant1978\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSlackman2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSlackman2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSmith1957\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSmith2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSpevack2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStefon2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSubtelny1988\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTausch2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTausch2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTauschHeshmatiKaroui2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTauschHeshmatiKaroui2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTayeb_El-Hibri,_Maysam_J._al_Faruqi2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTeece2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThames2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFToelle2002\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFToomer1964\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTrimingham1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTucker1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTucker2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTurner1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTurner2003\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFTurner2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUddin2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUpal2021\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFWaines2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWalker1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWatt1973\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWatt1974\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWatt2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWebbn.d.\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFWeiss2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYavuz1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYoung1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZabel2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZineBabana-HamptonMazidBullock\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFÇakmak2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFÜnal2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFالوطنwebmaster2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFوالخلفاء2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFṬabāṭabāʼī1979\"] = 1,\n [\"Etymology\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"!\"] = 2,\n [\"'\\\"\"] = 1,\n [\"Anchor\"] = 1,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"B-Class\"] = 1,\n [\"Broken anchor\"] = 1,\n [\"Circa\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation\"] = 4,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 175,\n [\"Cite encyclopedia\"] = 33,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 21,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 24,\n [\"Cite report\"] = 4,\n [\"Cite thesis\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 60,\n [\"Databox\"] = 1,\n [\"Doi\"] = 15,\n [\"Doi-inline\"] = 3,\n [\"Efn\"] = 3,\n [\"For timeline\"] = 1,\n [\"Further\"] = 3,\n [\"Google books\"] = 10,\n [\"Harvc\"] = 29,\n [\"Harvid\"] = 5,\n [\"Harvp\"] = 53,\n [\"IPA\"] = 2,\n [\"IPAc-en\"] = 1,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 23,\n [\"Islam topics\"] = 1,\n [\"Lang\"] = 9,\n [\"Lang-ar\"] = 19,\n [\"Listen\"] = 1,\n [\"Lit\"] = 1,\n [\"Main\"] = 22,\n [\"Multiple image\"] = 2,\n [\"Musulunsi\"] = 1,\n [\"Portal bar\"] = 1,\n [\"Qref\"] = 4,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 3,\n [\"Refend\"] = 3,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Religion topics\"] = 1,\n [\"Respell\"] = 1,\n [\"See also\"] = 16,\n [\"Seealso\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfnp\"] = 64,\n [\"Sfnref\"] = 1,\n [\"Sister project links\"] = 1,\n [\"Stub\"] = 1,\n [\"Subscription required\"] = 2,\n [\"Sup\"] = 2,\n [\"Transl\"] = 1,\n [\"Transliteration\"] = 16,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 22,\n [\"Wide image\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","160","10.5"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","160","10.5"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","160","10.5"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","120","7.9"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getAllExpandedArguments","100","6.6"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","80","5.3"],["type","60","3.9"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getEntity","40","2.6"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::match","40","2.6"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::plain","40","2.6"],["[others]","560","36.8"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-5dc468848-2tr86","timestamp":"20241122051429","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Musulunsi","url":"https:\/\/dag.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Musulunsi","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q432","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q432","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2021-07-23T04:37:29Z","dateModified":"2024-08-30T10:12:18Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/e5\/Mosque.jpg"}</script> </body> </html>