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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sensor_size_and_aspect_ratio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Sensor size and aspect ratio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sensor_size_and_aspect_ratio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lens_mount" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lens_mount"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Lens mount</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Lens_mount-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Lens mount subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Lens_mount-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Viewfinders_for_a_mirrorless_camera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Viewfinders_for_a_mirrorless_camera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Viewfinders for a mirrorless camera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Viewfinders_for_a_mirrorless_camera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Backward_compatibility" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Backward_compatibility"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Backward compatibility</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Backward_compatibility-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adapters_to_other_lens_mounts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adapters_to_other_lens_mounts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Adapters to other lens mounts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adapters_to_other_lens_mounts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Autofocus_design" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Autofocus_design"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Autofocus design</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Autofocus_design-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flange_focal_distance_and_crop_factor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flange_focal_distance_and_crop_factor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Flange focal distance and crop factor</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Flange_focal_distance_and_crop_factor-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Flange focal distance and crop factor subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Flange_focal_distance_and_crop_factor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Equivalents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Equivalents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Equivalents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Equivalents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Advantages_of_Micro_Four_Thirds_over_DSLR_cameras" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Advantages_of_Micro_Four_Thirds_over_DSLR_cameras"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Advantages of Micro Four Thirds over DSLR cameras</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Advantages_of_Micro_Four_Thirds_over_DSLR_cameras-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Advantages_of_the_electronic_viewfinder" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Advantages_of_the_electronic_viewfinder"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Advantages of the electronic viewfinder</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Advantages_of_the_electronic_viewfinder-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Disadvantages_of_Micro_Four_Thirds_compared_to_DSLRs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disadvantages_of_Micro_Four_Thirds_compared_to_DSLRs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Disadvantages of Micro Four Thirds compared to DSLRs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Disadvantages_of_Micro_Four_Thirds_compared_to_DSLRs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Advantages_of_Micro_Four_Thirds_over_compact_digital_cameras" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Advantages_of_Micro_Four_Thirds_over_compact_digital_cameras"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Advantages of Micro Four Thirds over compact digital cameras</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Advantages_of_Micro_Four_Thirds_over_compact_digital_cameras-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Disadvantages_of_Micro_Four_Thirds_compared_to_compact_digital_cameras" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disadvantages_of_Micro_Four_Thirds_compared_to_compact_digital_cameras"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.6</span> <span>Disadvantages of Micro Four Thirds compared to compact digital cameras</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Disadvantages_of_Micro_Four_Thirds_compared_to_compact_digital_cameras-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Popularity_with_adapted/legacy_lenses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Popularity_with_adapted/legacy_lenses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.7</span> <span>Popularity with adapted/legacy lenses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Popularity_with_adapted/legacy_lenses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Micro_Four_Thirds_system_cameras" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Micro_Four_Thirds_system_cameras"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Micro Four Thirds system cameras</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Micro_Four_Thirds_system_cameras-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Micro_Four_Thirds_lenses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Micro_Four_Thirds_lenses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Micro Four Thirds lenses</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Micro_Four_Thirds_lenses-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Micro Four Thirds lenses subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Micro_Four_Thirds_lenses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Image_stabilization_approaches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Image_stabilization_approaches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Image stabilization approaches</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Image_stabilization_approaches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mount_adaptability" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mount_adaptability"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Mount adaptability</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mount_adaptability-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-3D" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#3D"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>3D</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-3D-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button 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href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro_Four_Thirds" title="Micro Four Thirds – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Micro Four Thirds" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro_Four_Thirds" title="Micro Four Thirds – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Micro Four Thirds" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro_Cuatro_Tercios" title="Micro Cuatro Tercios – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Micro Cuatro Tercios" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_Micro_Four_Thirds" title="Système Micro Four Thirds – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Système Micro Four Thirds" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B4%ED%81%AC%EB%A1%9C_%ED%8F%AC%EC%84%9C%EC%A6%88_%EC%8B%9C%EC%8A%A4%ED%85%9C" title="마이크로 포서즈 시스템 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마이크로 포서즈 시스템" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro_quattro_terzi" title="Micro quattro terzi – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Micro quattro terzi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro_Four_Thirds_sist%C4%93ma" title="Micro Four Thirds sistēma – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Micro Four Thirds sistēma" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BA%E3%82%B7%E3%82%B9%E3%83%86%E3%83%A0" title="マイクロフォーサーズシステム – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マイクロフォーサーズシステム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikro_Cztery_Trzecie" title="Mikro Cztery Trzecie – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mikro Cztery Trzecie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE_4:3" title="Микро 4:3 – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Микро 4:3" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro_Four_Thirds" title="Micro Four Thirds – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Micro Four Thirds" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%AE4/3%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="微4/3系统 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="微4/3系统" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1366492#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Micro_Four_Thirds_system" title="View 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<div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Digital camera design standard</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Micro_FourThirds_logo_2018.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Micro_FourThirds_logo_2018.svg/220px-Micro_FourThirds_logo_2018.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="244" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Micro_FourThirds_logo_2018.svg/330px-Micro_FourThirds_logo_2018.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Micro_FourThirds_logo_2018.svg/440px-Micro_FourThirds_logo_2018.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="281" data-file-height="312" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Micro Four Thirds system</b> (<b>MFT</b> or <b>M4/3</b> or <b>M43</b>)<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">マイクロフォーサーズシステム</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Maikuro Fō Sāzu Shisutemu</i></span>)</span> is a standard released by <a href="/wiki/Olympus_Corporation" title="Olympus Corporation">Olympus Imaging Corporation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Panasonic" title="Panasonic">Panasonic</a> in 2008,<sup id="cite_ref-DPReview.com_2008-08-05_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DPReview.com_2008-08-05-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for the design and development of <a href="/wiki/Mirrorless_interchangeable_lens_digital_camera" class="mw-redirect" title="Mirrorless interchangeable lens digital camera">mirrorless interchangeable lens digital cameras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Camcorder" title="Camcorder">camcorders</a> and <a href="/wiki/Camera_lens" title="Camera lens">lenses</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Camera bodies are available from <a href="/wiki/Blackmagic_Design" title="Blackmagic Design">Blackmagic</a>, <a href="/wiki/DJI_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="DJI (company)">DJI</a>, <a href="/wiki/JVC" title="JVC">JVC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kodak" title="Kodak">Kodak</a>, Olympus, <a href="/wiki/OM_Digital_Solutions" title="OM Digital Solutions">OM System</a>, Panasonic, <a href="/wiki/Sharp_Corporation" title="Sharp Corporation">Sharp</a>, Logitech Mevo and <a href="/wiki/Xiaomi" title="Xiaomi">Xiaomi</a>. MFT lenses are produced by <a href="/wiki/Cosina_Voigtl%C3%A4nder" title="Cosina Voigtländer">Cosina Voigtländer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kowa_(company)" title="Kowa (company)">Kowa</a>, Kodak, Mitakon, Olympus, Panasonic, <a href="/wiki/Samyang_Optics" title="Samyang Optics">Samyang</a>, Sharp, <a href="/wiki/Sigma_Corporation" title="Sigma Corporation">Sigma</a>, SLR Magic, <a href="/wiki/Tamron" title="Tamron">Tamron</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tokina" title="Tokina">Tokina</a>, TTArtisan, Veydra, Xiaomi, Laowa, Yongnuo, Zonlai, <a href="/wiki/Lensbaby" title="Lensbaby">Lensbaby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venus_Optics" title="Venus Optics">Venus Optics</a> and 7artisans amongst others. </p><p>The specifications of the MFT system inherit the original sensor <a href="/wiki/Image_sensor_format" title="Image sensor format">format</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Four_Thirds_system" title="Four Thirds system">Four Thirds system</a>, designed for <a href="/wiki/Digital_single-lens_reflex_camera" title="Digital single-lens reflex camera">DSLRs</a>. However, unlike Four Thirds, the MFT system design specification does not require <a href="/wiki/Telecentric_lens" title="Telecentric lens">lens telecentricity</a>, a parameter which accommodated for the inaccurate sensitivity to off-angle light due to the geometry of the <a href="/wiki/Photodetector" title="Photodetector">photodetectors</a> of contemporary image sensors. Later improvements in manufacturing capabilities enabled the production of sensors with a lower stack height, improving sensitivity to off-angle light, eliminating the necessity of telecentricity and decreasing the distance from the image sensor at which a lens's rear element could be positioned without compromising light detection.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such a lens, however, would eliminate the room necessary to accommodate the mirror box of the <a href="/wiki/Single-lens_reflex_camera" title="Single-lens reflex camera">single-lens reflex</a> camera design, and would be incompatible with SLR Four Thirds bodies. </p><p>Micro Four Thirds reduced the specified <a href="/wiki/Flange_focal_distance" title="Flange focal distance">flange focal distance</a> from 38.67mm to 19.25mm. This reduction facilitates smaller body and lens designs, and enables the use of adapters to fit almost any lens ever made for a camera with a flange distance larger than 19.25mm to a MFT camera body. Still-camera lenses produced by Canon, Leica, Minolta, Nikon, Pentax and Zeiss have all been successfully adapted for MFT use – as well as lenses produced for cinema, <i>e.g.</i>, <a href="/wiki/Arri_PL" class="mw-redirect" title="Arri PL">PL mount</a> or <a href="/wiki/C_mount" title="C mount">C mount</a>. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Comparison_with_other_systems">Comparison with other systems</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micro_Four_Thirds_system&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Comparison with other systems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Olympus-MicroFT-Model.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Olympus-MicroFT-Model.jpg/220px-Olympus-MicroFT-Model.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Olympus-MicroFT-Model.jpg/330px-Olympus-MicroFT-Model.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Olympus-MicroFT-Model.jpg/440px-Olympus-MicroFT-Model.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Concept model of MFT camera by Olympus</figcaption></figure> <p><i>For comparison of the original Four Thirds with competing DSLR system see <a href="/wiki/Four_Thirds_system#Advantages,_disadvantages_and_other_considerations" title="Four Thirds system">Four Thirds system#Advantages, disadvantages and other considerations</a></i> </p><p>Compared to inexpensive digital <a href="/wiki/Compact_camera" class="mw-redirect" title="Compact camera">compact cameras</a> and many <a href="/wiki/Bridge_camera" title="Bridge camera">bridge cameras</a>, MFT cameras have better, <a href="/wiki/Image_sensor_format" title="Image sensor format">larger sensors</a>, and interchangeable lenses. There are many lenses available. On top of this, a large number of other lenses (even from the analogue film era) can be fitted using an adapter. Different lenses yield greater creative possibilities. However, Micro Four Thirds cameras also tend to be slightly larger, heavier and more expensive than compact cameras. </p><p>Compared to most digital <a href="/wiki/Digital_single-lens_reflex_camera" title="Digital single-lens reflex camera">SLRs</a>, the Micro Four Thirds system (body and lenses) is smaller and lighter. However, their sensors are smaller than <a href="/wiki/Image_sensor_format" title="Image sensor format">full-frame or even APS-C systems</a>. The small lenses do not allow the noise depth-of-field tradeoffs of larger lenses in other systems. Many, but not all Micro Four Thirds cameras use an electronic viewfinder. Resolutions and refresh speeds on these EVF displays were originally compared negatively to optical viewfinders, but today's EVF systems are faster, brighter and much higher resolution than the original displays. Original Micro Four Thirds cameras used a contrast-detection autofocus system, slower than the phase-detect autofocus that is standard on DSLRs. To this day, most Micro Four Thirds cameras continue to use a contrast-based focusing system. Although some current models, such as the <a href="/wiki/Olympus_OM-D_E-M1_Mark_II" title="Olympus OM-D E-M1 Mark II">Olympus OM-D E-M1 Mark II</a>, feature a hybrid phase-detect/contrast detect system, Panasonic <a href="/wiki/Lumix" title="Lumix">Lumix</a> cameras continued to use a contrast-based system called DFD (Depth from Defocus) until the release of the <a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DC-G9" title="Panasonic Lumix DC-G9">G9 II</a> in 2023. Both systems today provide focusing speeds to rival or even surpass many current DSLRs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sensor_size_and_aspect_ratio">Sensor size and aspect ratio</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micro_Four_Thirds_system&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Sensor size and aspect ratio"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sensor_sizes_overlaid_inside_-_updated.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Sensor_sizes_overlaid_inside_-_updated.svg/300px-Sensor_sizes_overlaid_inside_-_updated.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Sensor_sizes_overlaid_inside_-_updated.svg/450px-Sensor_sizes_overlaid_inside_-_updated.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Sensor_sizes_overlaid_inside_-_updated.svg/600px-Sensor_sizes_overlaid_inside_-_updated.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>Drawing showing the relative sizes of sensors used in most current digital cameras, relative to a <a href="/wiki/135_film" title="135 film">35mm film</a> frame</figcaption></figure> <p>The image sensor of Four Thirds and MFT measures 18 mm × 13.5 mm (22.5 mm diagonal), with an imaging area of 17.3 mm × 13.0 mm (21.63 mm diagonal), comparable to the frame size of <a href="/wiki/110_film" title="110 film">110 film</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Olympus-Europe_4/3_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Olympus-Europe_4/3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its area, ca. 220 mm<sup>2</sup>, is approximately 30% less than the <a href="/wiki/APS-C" title="APS-C">APS-C</a> sensors used in other manufacturers' <a href="/wiki/DSLR" class="mw-redirect" title="DSLR">DSLRs</a>; it is around 9 times larger than the 1/2.3" sensors typically used in <a href="/wiki/Compact_digital_camera" class="mw-redirect" title="Compact digital camera">compact digital cameras</a>. </p><p>The Four Thirds system uses a 4:3 <a href="/wiki/Aspect_ratio_(image)" title="Aspect ratio (image)">image aspect ratio</a>, like compact digital cameras. In comparison, DSLRs usually adhere to the 3:2 aspect ratio of the traditional <a href="/wiki/135_film" title="135 film">35 mm</a> format. Thus, "Four Thirds" refers to both the size and the aspect ratio of the sensor.<sup id="cite_ref-Knaur_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knaur-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the chip diagonal is shorter than 4/3 of an inch; the 4/3 inch designation for this size of sensor dates back to the 1950s and <a href="/wiki/Video_camera_tube" title="Video camera tube">vidicon</a> tubes, when the external diameter of the camera tube was measured, not the active area. </p><p>The MFT design standard also specifies multiple aspect ratios: 4:3, 3:2, 16:9 (the native <a href="/wiki/HD_video" class="mw-redirect" title="HD video">HD video</a> format specification), and 1:1 (a square format). With the exception of a few MFT cameras,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> most MFT cameras record in a native 4:3 format image aspect ratio, and through cropping of the 4:3 image, can record in 16:9, 3:2 and 1:1 formats. </p><p><br /> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="border:darkgrey;"> <caption>Micro Four Thirds sensor generations </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Sensor</th> <th>Specifications</th> <th>ISO</th> <th>Dynamic range</th> <th>Camera models</th> <th>PDAF</th> <th>IBIS</th> <th>Features</th> <th>Released </th></tr> <tr> <td>12 Mpx Gen 1</td> <td>13 Mpx, 4000x3000 effective</td> <td>100-3200</td> <td>8EV (-5.0/+3.0)</td> <td>Panasonic G1, G2, G10, GF1, GF2; Olympus E-P1, E-P2, E-P3, E-PL1, E-PL2, E-PL3, E-PM1</td> <td>No</td> <td>Olympus only</td> <td>SSWF</td> <td>September 2008 (Panasonic G1) </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 Mpx Gen 2 "multi-aspect"</td> <td>14 Mpx, 4000x3000 effective</td> <td>100-3200</td> <td>7.8EV (-4.8/+3.0)</td> <td>Panasonic GH1</td> <td>No</td> <td>No</td> <td>SSWF, multi-aspect</td> <td>March 2009 </td></tr> <tr> <td>16 Mpx Gen 1 "multi-aspect"</td> <td>18.3 Mpx, 4608x3456 effective</td> <td>160-12800</td> <td>11.3EV</td> <td>Panasonic GH2, G5, G6</td> <td>No</td> <td>No</td> <td>SSWF, multi-aspect (GH2 only)</td> <td>September 2010 (Panasonic GH2) </td></tr> <tr> <td>16 Mpx Gen 2 "Sony"</td> <td>17 Mpx, 4608x3456 effective</td> <td>200-12800</td> <td>12.3EV</td> <td>Olympus E-M5, E-P5, E-PL5, E-PM2; Panasonic GH3</td> <td>No</td> <td>Olympus only</td> <td>SSWF</td> <td>February 2011 (Olympus E-M5) </td></tr> <tr> <td>16 Mpx Gen 3</td> <td>16.6 Mpx, 4592x3448 effective</td> <td>160-12800</td> <td>10.5EV</td> <td>Panasonic GX1; Panasonic GF6</td> <td>No</td> <td>No</td> <td>SSWF</td> <td>May 2011 (Panasonic GX1) </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 Mpx Gen 3</td> <td>13 Mpx, 4000x3000 effective</td> <td>160-6400</td> <td>10.1EV</td> <td>Panasonic GF3, GF5</td> <td>No</td> <td>No</td> <td>SSWF</td> <td>June 2011 (Panasonic GF3) </td></tr> <tr> <td>16 Mpx Gen 4</td> <td>17 Mpx, 4608x3456 effective</td> <td>200-25600</td> <td>12.7EV</td> <td>Panasonic GH4, G7, G80, GX7; Olympus E-M1, E-M5II, E-M10, E-M10II, E-M10III</td> <td>Olympus only</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>SSWF, No AA filter (G80)</td> <td>March 2013 (Olympus PEN E-PL5) </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 Mpx Gen 5 </td> <td>22 Mpx, 5184x3888 effective</td> <td>200-25600</td> <td>12.5EV</td> <td>Panasonic G9, G90, GX8 <p>Olympus E-M1 II, E-M1 III, E-M5 III, PEN-F, OM-System OM-5 </p> </td> <td>Olympus EM1, EM5 and OM-5 Only</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>SSWF</td> <td>July 2015 (Panasonic GX8) </td></tr> <tr> <td>25 Mpx Gen 6 <p>25 Mpx (Rev.2) Gen 6 </p> </td> <td>27 Mpx, 5776x4336 effective</td> <td>100-25600</td> <td>13EV</td> <td>Panasonic GH6 <p>Panasonic G9 II (Rev.2) </p> </td> <td>G9 II Only</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>SSWF</td> <td>February 2022 (Panasonic GH6) <p>September 2023 (Panasonic G9 II) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 Mpx "BSI" Gen 6</td> <td>23 Mpx, 5184x3888 effective</td> <td>200-25600</td> <td>12.5EV</td> <td>OM-System OM-1</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>SSWF</td> <td>March 2022 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lens_mount">Lens mount</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micro_Four_Thirds_system&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Lens mount"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Panasonic_14mm_mount.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Panasonic_14mm_mount.jpg/220px-Panasonic_14mm_mount.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Panasonic_14mm_mount.jpg/330px-Panasonic_14mm_mount.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Panasonic_14mm_mount.jpg/440px-Panasonic_14mm_mount.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1546" data-file-height="1548" /></a><figcaption>The lens mount of the Panasonic Lumix G 14mm F2.5 ASPH</figcaption></figure> <p>The MFT system design specifies a bayonet type <a href="/wiki/Lens_mount" title="Lens mount">lens mount</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Flange_focal_distance" title="Flange focal distance">flange focal distance</a> of 19.25 mm. By avoiding internal mirrors, the MFT standard allows a much thinner camera body. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Viewfinders_for_a_mirrorless_camera">Viewfinders for a mirrorless camera</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micro_Four_Thirds_system&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Viewfinders for a mirrorless camera"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Viewing is achieved on all models by <a href="/wiki/Live_view" class="mw-redirect" title="Live view">live view</a> electronic displays with <a href="/wiki/LCD" class="mw-redirect" title="LCD">LCD</a> screens. In addition, some models feature a built-in <a href="/wiki/Electronic_viewfinder" title="Electronic viewfinder">electronic viewfinder</a> (EVF), while others may offer optional detachable electronic viewfinders. An independent optical <a href="/wiki/Viewfinder" title="Viewfinder">viewfinder</a> typically matched to a particular non-zoom <a href="/wiki/Prime_lens" title="Prime lens">prime lens</a> is sometimes an option.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Backward_compatibility">Backward compatibility</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micro_Four_Thirds_system&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Backward compatibility"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The throat diameter is about 38 mm, 6 mm less than that of the Four Thirds system. Electrically, MFT uses an 11-contact connector between lens and camera, adding to the nine contacts in the Four Thirds system design specification. Olympus claims full <a href="/wiki/Backward_compatibility" title="Backward compatibility">backward compatibility</a> for many of its existing Four Thirds lenses on MFT bodies, using a purpose built adapter with both mechanical and electrical interfaces.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adapters_to_other_lens_mounts">Adapters to other lens mounts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micro_Four_Thirds_system&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Adapters to other lens mounts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The shallow but wide MFT lens mount also allows the use of existing lenses including <a href="/wiki/Leica_M_mount" title="Leica M mount">Leica M</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leica_R_bayonet" title="Leica R bayonet">Leica R</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Olympus_OM_system" title="Olympus OM system">Olympus OM system</a> lenses, via Panasonic and Olympus adapters. Aftermarket adapters include <a href="/wiki/M39_lens_mount" title="M39 lens mount">Leica Screw Mount</a>, <a href="/wiki/Contax_G" title="Contax G">Contax G</a>, <a href="/wiki/C_mount" title="C mount">C mount</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arri_PL" class="mw-redirect" title="Arri PL">Arri PL</a> mount, <a href="/wiki/M42_lens_mount" title="M42 lens mount">Praktica</a>, Canon, Nikon, and Pentax, amongst others.<sup id="cite_ref-Novoflex_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Novoflex-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In fact, almost any still camera, movie or video camera interchangeable lens that has a flange focal distance greater than or marginally less than 20 mm can often be used on MFT bodies via an adapter. While MFT cameras can use many of these "legacy" lenses only with manual focus and manual aperture control mode, hundreds of lenses are available, even those designed for cameras no longer in production. </p><p>While lens manufacturers seldom publish lens mount specifications, the MFT mount has been reverse-engineered by enthusiasts, with CAD files available.<sup id="cite_ref-Salvaged_Circuitry_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Salvaged_Circuitry-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Autofocus_design">Autofocus design</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micro_Four_Thirds_system&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Autofocus design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Until 2013, MFT cameras exclusively used <a href="/wiki/Autofocus#Contrast_detection" title="Autofocus">contrast-detection autofocus</a> (CDAF), a common autofocus system for mirrorless <a href="/wiki/Compact_camera" class="mw-redirect" title="Compact camera">compact or "point-and-shoot"</a>. By comparison, DSLRs use <a href="/wiki/Autofocus#Phase_detection" title="Autofocus">phase-detection autofocus</a> (PDAF). The use of separate PDAF sensors has been favored in DSLR systems because of mirror box and pentaprism design, along with better performance for fast-moving subjects. </p><p>The (non-Micro) Four Thirds system design standard specifies a 40 mm flange focal length distance, which allowed for using a single lens reflex design, with mirror box and pentaprism. Four Thirds DSLR cameras designed by Olympus and Panasonic initially used exclusively PDAF focusing systems. Olympus then introduced the first live view DSLR camera, which incorporated both traditional DSLR phase focus and also optional contrast detection focus. As a result, newer Four Thirds system lenses were designed both for PDAF and contrast focus. Several of the Four Thirds lenses focus on Micro Four Thirds proficiently when an electrically compatible adapter is used on the Micro Four Thirds cameras, and they focus on Micro Four Thirds cameras much quicker than earlier generation Four Thirds lenses can. </p><p>Some MFT cameras, beginning with the Olympus OM-D E-M1 in 2013, incorporate phase-detection hardware on the sensor. Besides offering faster autofocus speed, these camera bodies perform better with legacy lenses (e.g. focus performance of the 150mm f/2 and 300mm f/2.8 lenses are as quick and accurate as a native Four Thirds body). The Panasonic G9 II is the first micro four thirds camera from Panasonic which has phase detect autofocus. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Flange_focal_distance_and_crop_factor">Flange focal distance and crop factor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micro_Four_Thirds_system&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Flange focal distance and crop factor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The much shorter <a href="/wiki/Flange_focal_distance" title="Flange focal distance">flange focal distance</a> enabled by the removal of the mirror allows normal and wide angle lenses to be significantly smaller because they do not have to use strongly <a href="/wiki/Retrofocus" class="mw-redirect" title="Retrofocus">retrofocal</a> designs. </p><p>The Four Thirds sensor format used in MFT cameras is equivalent to a 2.0 <a href="/wiki/Crop_factor" title="Crop factor">crop factor</a> when compared to a 35 mm film (full frame) camera. This means that the field of view of an MFT lens is the same as a full frame lens with twice the focal length. For example, a 50 mm lens on a MFT body would have a field of view equivalent to a 100 mm lens on a full frame camera. For this reason, MFT lenses can be smaller and lighter because to achieve the equivalent 35 mm film camera field of view, the MFT focal length is much shorter. See the table of lenses below to understand the differences better. For comparison, typical DSLR sensors, such as Canon's APS-C sensors, have a crop factor of 1.6. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Equivalents">Equivalents</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micro_Four_Thirds_system&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Equivalents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Equivalent images are made by photographing the same <a href="/wiki/Angle_of_view" class="mw-redirect" title="Angle of view">angle of view</a>, with the same <a href="/wiki/Depth_of_field" title="Depth of field">depth of field</a> and the same <a href="/wiki/Angular_resolution" title="Angular resolution">Angular resolution</a> due to <a href="/wiki/Diffraction" title="Diffraction">diffraction</a> limitation (which requires different f-stops on different focal length lenses), the same <a href="/wiki/Motion_blur" title="Motion blur">motion blur</a> (requires the same shutter speed), therefore the ISO setting must differ to compensate for the f-stop difference. The use of this is only to let us compare the effectiveness of the sensors given the same amount of light hitting them. In normal photography with any one camera, equivalence is not necessarily an issue: there are several lenses faster than f/2.4 for Micro Four Thirds (see the tables under Fixed Focal Length Lenses, below), and there are certainly many lenses faster than f/4.8 for full frame. Although they can have shallower depth of field than a Nikon 1 at f/1.7, it can be seen as advantageous. However, a further aspect of image resolution is limitation by <a href="/wiki/Optical_aberration" title="Optical aberration">optical aberration</a>, which can be compensated the better the smaller the focal lengths of a lens is.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lenses designed for mirrorless camera systems such as Nikon 1 or Micro Four Thirds often use image-space <a href="/wiki/Telecentric" class="mw-redirect" title="Telecentric">telecentric</a> lens designs,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which reduce shading and therefore light loss and blurring at the <a href="/wiki/Microlens" title="Microlens">microlenses</a> of the image sensor.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, in low light conditions by using low f-numbers a too-shallow depth of field can lead to less satisfying image results, especially in videography, when the object being filmed by the camera or the camera itself is moving. </p><p>Equivalent <a href="/wiki/Focal_length" title="Focal length">focal lengths</a> are given, if the angle of view is identical.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The depth of field is identical, if angle of view and absolute aperture width are identical. Also the relative diameters of the <a href="/wiki/Airy_disk" title="Airy disk">Airy disks</a> representing the limitation by diffraction are identical. Therefore, the equivalent <a href="/wiki/F-number" title="F-number">f-numbers</a> are varying.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In this case, i.e., with the same <a href="/wiki/Luminous_flux" title="Luminous flux">luminous flux</a> within the lens, the <a href="/wiki/Illuminance" title="Illuminance">illuminance</a> quadratically decreases and the <a href="/wiki/Luminous_intensity" title="Luminous intensity">luminous intensity</a> quadratically increases with the image size. Therefore, all systems detect the same <a href="/wiki/Luminance" title="Luminance">luminances</a> and the same <a href="/wiki/Exposure_value" title="Exposure value">exposure values</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Image_plane" title="Image plane">image plane</a>. As a consequence, the equivalent <a href="/wiki/Exposure_index" class="mw-redirect" title="Exposure index">exposure indexes</a> (respectively equivalent ISO speeds) are different in order to get the identical <a href="/wiki/Shutter_speed" title="Shutter speed">shutter speeds</a> (i.e., exposure times) with the same levels of <a href="/wiki/Motion_blur" title="Motion blur">motion blur</a> and <a href="/wiki/Image_stabilisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Image stabilisation">image stabilisation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, for a given <a href="/wiki/Guide_number" title="Guide number">guide number</a> of a <a href="/wiki/Flash_(photography)" title="Flash (photography)">photoflash device</a> all systems have the same exposure at the same flash-to-subject distance. </p><p>The following table shows a few identical image parameters for some popular image sensor classes compared to Micro Four Thirds.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The smaller the focal length, the smaller the displacement in the image space between the last <a href="/wiki/Principal_plane" class="mw-redirect" title="Principal plane">principal plane</a> of the lens and the image sensor needed to focus a certain object. Therefore, the energy needed for focusing as well as the appropriate delay for shifting the focusing lens system are shorter, the smaller the focal length is. </p> <table class="wikitable zebra"> <tbody><tr> <th>Image sensor class </th> <th>Equivalent focal length at wide angle (diagonal angle of view ≈ 75°) </th> <th>Equivalent focal length at normal angle (diagonal angle of view ≈ 47°) </th> <th>Equivalent focal length at tele angle (diagonal angle of view ≈ 29°) </th> <th>Equivalent f-number at identical depth of field and identical diffraction-limited resolution </th> <th>Equivalent exposure index at identical exposure time and flash range </th> <th>Displacement in image space when focusing from infinite to one metre in object space at normal angle </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikon 1">Nikon 1</a></td> <td style="text-align:center">10 mm</td> <td style="text-align:center">18 mm</td> <td style="text-align:center">31 mm</td> <td style="text-align:center">1.7</td> <td style="text-align:center">100</td> <td style="text-align:center">0.33 mm </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center"><b>Four Thirds</b></td> <td style="text-align:center"><b>14 mm</b></td> <td style="text-align:center"><b>25 mm</b></td> <td style="text-align:center"><b>42.5 mm</b></td> <td style="text-align:center"><b>2.4</b></td> <td style="text-align:center"><b>200</b></td> <td style="text-align:center"><b>0.64 mm</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/APS-C" title="APS-C">APS-C</a></td> <td style="text-align:center">18 mm</td> <td style="text-align:center">33 mm</td> <td style="text-align:center">57 mm</td> <td style="text-align:center">3.2</td> <td style="text-align:center">360</td> <td style="text-align:center">1.1 mm </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Full-frame_digital_SLR" class="mw-redirect" title="Full-frame digital SLR">Full-frame</a></td> <td style="text-align:center">28 mm</td> <td style="text-align:center">50 mm</td> <td style="text-align:center">85 mm</td> <td style="text-align:center">4.8</td> <td style="text-align:center">800</td> <td style="text-align:center">2.6 mm </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Advantages_of_Micro_Four_Thirds_over_DSLR_cameras">Advantages of Micro Four Thirds over DSLR cameras</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micro_Four_Thirds_system&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Advantages of Micro Four Thirds over DSLR cameras"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Panasonic_Lumix_GM1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Panasonic_Lumix_GM1.jpg/220px-Panasonic_Lumix_GM1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Panasonic_Lumix_GM1.jpg/330px-Panasonic_Lumix_GM1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Panasonic_Lumix_GM1.jpg/440px-Panasonic_Lumix_GM1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3340" data-file-height="2223" /></a><figcaption>Smallest mirrorless interchangeable lens camera, <a href="/wiki/Panasonic_GM1" class="mw-redirect" title="Panasonic GM1">Panasonic GM1</a> side by side with <a href="/wiki/AA_battery" title="AA battery">AA battery</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Micro Four Thirds has several advantages over larger format cameras and lenses: </p> <ul><li>Cameras and lenses are generally smaller and lighter, making them easier to carry and more discreet.</li> <li>The shorter <a href="/wiki/Flange_focal_distance" title="Flange focal distance">flange focal distance</a> means that most manual lenses can be adapted for use, though <a href="/wiki/C-mount" class="mw-redirect" title="C-mount">C-mount</a> lenses have a slightly shorter flange focal distance and are trickier to adapt.</li> <li>The shorter flange focal distance allows for smaller, lighter, and less expensive lenses, particularly with wide angle lenses.</li> <li>Contrast-detection autofocus is not prone to systematic front- or back-focusing errors which may occur with <a href="/wiki/Autofocus#Phase_detection" title="Autofocus">phase-detection autofocus</a> on DSLRs, eliminating the need to individually calibrate focusing for each lens to each camera.</li> <li>The absence of a mirror eliminates the need for an additional precision assembly, along with its "mirror slap" noise and resultant camera vibration/movement.</li> <li>The smaller sensor generates less heat and can be cooled more easily, reducing image noise when shooting long exposure and videography.</li> <li>Because of the reduced sensor-flange distance, the sensor is easier to clean than with a DSLR, which also have delicate mirror mechanisms attached.</li> <li>The smaller sensor (2× <a href="/wiki/Crop_factor" title="Crop factor">crop factor</a>) allows for longer telephoto reach with smaller and lighter lenses.</li> <li>The smaller sensor size gives deeper depth-of-field for the same field of view and equivalent <a href="/wiki/F-number" title="F-number">f-number</a>. This can be desirable in some situations, such as landscape and macro shooting as well as video shooting in low light conditions.</li> <li>Some models are equipped with electronic viewfinders, which have certain advantages over conventional optical viewfinders (see below).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Advantages_of_the_electronic_viewfinder">Advantages of the electronic viewfinder</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micro_Four_Thirds_system&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Advantages of the electronic viewfinder"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EVF_Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-G80.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/EVF_Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-G80.jpg/220px-EVF_Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-G80.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/EVF_Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-G80.jpg/330px-EVF_Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-G80.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/EVF_Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-G80.jpg/440px-EVF_Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-G80.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>2.36M-dot OLED electronic viewfinder of <a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-G80" class="mw-redirect" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-G80">Panasonic Lumix DMC-G80</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Though many DSLRs also have "live view" functionality, these often function relatively poorly compared to a Micro Four Thirds <a href="/wiki/Electronic_viewfinder" title="Electronic viewfinder">electronic viewfinder</a> (EVF), which has the following advantages: </p> <ul><li>Real-time preview of exposure, white balance, and tone.</li> <li>Can show a low-light scene brighter than it is.</li> <li>The viewfinder can provide a zoomed preview, allowing for more precise manual focus.</li> <li>The viewfinder can be used while shooting videos. On a DSLR, the mirror must be flipped up to shoot video, which prevents use of the optical viewfinder.</li> <li>The viewfinder displays how the sensor sees the potential picture, rather than an optical view, which may differ.</li> <li>The view can appear larger than some optical viewfinders, especially on lower-end DSLRs, whose viewfinders often have a tunnel-like view.</li> <li>Not reliant on a moving mirror and shutter, which otherwise adds noise, weight, design complexity, and cost.</li> <li>No weight or size penalty for better quality of materials and design. Optical viewfinder quality varies greatly across all DSLRs.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Olympus and Panasonic approached the implementation of electronic viewfinders in two ways: the built-in EVF, and the optional <a href="/wiki/Hotshoe" class="mw-redirect" title="Hotshoe">hotshoe</a> add-on EVF. </p><p>Until the introduction of the OM-D E-M5 in February, 2012, none of the Olympus designs included a built-in EVF. Olympus has four available add-on hotshoe viewfinders. The Olympus VF-1 is an optical viewfinder with an angle of view of 65 degrees, equivalent to the 17mm pancake lens field of view, and was designed primarily for the EP-1. Olympus has since introduced the high resolution VF-2 EVF,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a newer, less expensive, slightly lower resolution VF-3<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for use in all its MFT cameras after the <a href="/wiki/Olympus_EP-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympus EP-1">Olympus EP-1</a>. These EVF's not only slip into the accessory hotshoe, but also plug into a dedicated proprietary port for power and communication with Olympus cameras only. Both the VF-2 and VF-3 may also be used on high-end Olympus compact point and shoot cameras such as the <a href="/wiki/Olympus_XZ-1" title="Olympus XZ-1">Olympus XZ-1</a>. Olympus announced the VF-4 in May 2013, along with the fourth generation PEN flagship, the E-P5. </p><p>As of mid-2011, Panasonic G and GH series cameras have built in EVF's, while two of the three GF models are able to use the add-on LVF1<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> hotshoe EVF. The LVF1 must also plug into a proprietary port built into the camera for power and communication. This proprietary port and the accessory is omitted in the <a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GF3" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-GF3">Panasonic Lumix DMC-GF3</a> design. Similar to Olympus, the LVF1 is usable on high-end Panasonic compact point and shoot cameras, such as the <a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-LX5" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-LX5">Panasonic Lumix DMC-LX5</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Disadvantages_of_Micro_Four_Thirds_compared_to_DSLRs">Disadvantages of Micro Four Thirds compared to DSLRs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micro_Four_Thirds_system&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Disadvantages of Micro Four Thirds compared to DSLRs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Panasonic_G80.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Panasonic_G80.jpg/220px-Panasonic_G80.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Panasonic_G80.jpg/330px-Panasonic_G80.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Panasonic_G80.jpg/440px-Panasonic_G80.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4619" data-file-height="3423" /></a><figcaption>DSLR-styled mirrorless <a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-G85/G80" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-G85/G80">Panasonic Lumix DMC-G85/G80</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GX85.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GX85.jpg/220px-Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GX85.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GX85.jpg/330px-Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GX85.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GX85.jpg/440px-Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GX85.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Rangefinder-styled Panasonic Lumix DMC-GX80/DMC-GX85/GX7 Mark II (2016)</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>The Four Thirds sensor (2.0× crop factor) is 68% the size of Canon APS-C (1.6x crop factor), 61% the size of Nikon/Sony APS-C (1.5x crop factor), and 25% the size of a full frame sensor (1.0× crop factor, 35 mm equivalent). This can mean lower image quality when all other variables are the same, including poorer color transitions and more noise at identical ISO settings, especially in low light, when compared with the larger sensors.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Contrast-detection autofocus systems such as those used in Micro Four Thirds cameras were initially slower than the phase-detection systems used in DSLRs. Note that this disadvantage has mostly been eliminated, at least for static subjects; the <a href="/wiki/Olympus_OM-D_E-M5" title="Olympus OM-D E-M5">Olympus OM-D E-M5</a> (2012) compares favorably with DSLRs in single AF.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Contrast detection also tends to perform poorly when tracking moving subjects, though cameras with on-sensor phase detection autofocus, introduced in the <a href="/wiki/Olympus_OM-D_E-M1" title="Olympus OM-D E-M1">Olympus OM-D E-M1</a> in 2013, can perform comparably to DSLRs in continuous AF mode. The Panasonic G9 II has phase detect autofocus. The <a href="/wiki/Olympus_OM-D_E-M1X" title="Olympus OM-D E-M1X">Olympus OM-D E-M1X</a> and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Panasonic_G9_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panasonic G9 II (page does not exist)">Panasonic G9 II</a> both use technology trained by <a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence" title="Artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a> in order to predict the area of interest and its behaviour.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Due to the absence of a mirror and prism mechanism, there is no ability to use a through-the-lens optical viewfinder. A through-the-lens electronic viewfinder, an attachable not-through-the-lens optical viewfinder (similar to a <a href="/wiki/Rangefinder_camera" title="Rangefinder camera">rangefinder</a> or <a href="/wiki/Twin-lens_reflex_camera" title="Twin-lens reflex camera">TLR</a>), or the universally-supplied LCD screen must be used instead.</li> <li>Theoretically, changing lenses can expose the sensor to more dust in a "mirrorless" camera design, compared to DSLRs that have both a mirror and a closed shutter protecting the sensor. Mirrorless cameras have dust-removal systems that try to minimize this problem, and in practice they experience fewer dust problems than a DSLR.<sup id="cite_ref-mansurov_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mansurov-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many Micro Four Thirds users report never having found dust on the sensor at all.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>A larger crop factor (2× multiplier, versus 1.5× or 1.6× on APS-C) means greater <a href="/wiki/Depth_of_field" title="Depth of field">depth-of-field</a> for the same equivalent field of view and f/stop when compared with APS-C and especially full frame cameras. This can be a disadvantage when a photographer wants to blur a background, such as when shooting portraits.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Some Micro Four Thirds cameras and lenses are very small, which can result in relatively poor ergonomics for users with larger hands. This applies especially to handling, the depth of the right-hand grip, and the size and placement of buttons and dials.</li> <li>Micro Four Thirds lenses can be used on 35 mm equivalent *(full-frame) and APS-C cameras but will be susceptible to lens <a href="/wiki/Vignetting" title="Vignetting">vignetting</a>.</li> <li>Older cameras can be prone to "shutter shock" at slower shutter speeds. In a DSLR, the shutter opens and closes, while a Micro Four Thirds camera has to close the shutter, open-close it, then open it again whenever a photo is taken.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Advantages_of_Micro_Four_Thirds_over_compact_digital_cameras">Advantages of Micro Four Thirds over compact digital cameras</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micro_Four_Thirds_system&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Advantages of Micro Four Thirds over compact digital cameras"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Greatly increased sensor size (5–9 times larger area) gives much better image quality, e.g. low light performance and greater dynamic range, with reduced <a href="/wiki/Image_noise" title="Image noise">noise</a>.</li> <li>Interchangeable lenses allow more optical choices including niche, legacy, and future lenses.</li> <li>Shallower depth of field possible (e.g. for portraits and <a href="/wiki/Bokeh" title="Bokeh">bokeh</a>).</li> <li>Sharper images at slower shutter speeds as a result of <a href="/wiki/In-body_image_stabilization" class="mw-redirect" title="In-body image stabilization">IBIS</a> (In-Body Image Stabilization) common in Panasonic and Olympus Micro Four Thirds cameras.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Disadvantages_of_Micro_Four_Thirds_compared_to_compact_digital_cameras">Disadvantages of Micro Four Thirds compared to compact digital cameras</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micro_Four_Thirds_system&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Disadvantages of Micro Four Thirds compared to compact digital cameras"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Increased physical size and weight (camera and lenses are both larger due to increased sensor size).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superzoom" title="Superzoom">Extreme zoom</a> lenses available on compacts (such as 30× to 120× models) are more expensive or simply not available on large sensor cameras due to physical size, cost, and practicality considerations.</li> <li>Similarly, larger sensors and shallow depth-of-field make bundled <a href="/wiki/Macro_lens" class="mw-redirect" title="Macro lens">macro</a> capability and close focusing more difficult, often requiring separate, specialized lenses.</li> <li>Higher cost.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Popularity_with_adapted/legacy_lenses"><span id="Popularity_with_adapted.2Flegacy_lenses"></span>Popularity with adapted/legacy lenses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micro_Four_Thirds_system&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Popularity with adapted/legacy lenses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Olympus_PEN_E-PL2_with_OM_Zuiko_50mm_1.8.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Olympus_PEN_E-PL2_with_OM_Zuiko_50mm_1.8.jpg/220px-Olympus_PEN_E-PL2_with_OM_Zuiko_50mm_1.8.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Olympus_PEN_E-PL2_with_OM_Zuiko_50mm_1.8.jpg/330px-Olympus_PEN_E-PL2_with_OM_Zuiko_50mm_1.8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Olympus_PEN_E-PL2_with_OM_Zuiko_50mm_1.8.jpg/440px-Olympus_PEN_E-PL2_with_OM_Zuiko_50mm_1.8.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Olympus PEN E-PL2 with a legacy lens OM Zuiko 50mm f/1.8</figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TZ5_pics_(2)edited.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/TZ5_pics_%282%29edited.jpg/220px-TZ5_pics_%282%29edited.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/TZ5_pics_%282%29edited.jpg/330px-TZ5_pics_%282%29edited.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/TZ5_pics_%282%29edited.jpg/440px-TZ5_pics_%282%29edited.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Panasonic Lumix GF1 with K mount adapter and Cambron 28mm manual lens</figcaption></figure> <p>Due to the short native flange distance of the Micro Four Thirds System, the usage of adapted lenses from practically all formats has become widely popular. Because lenses can be used from old and abandoned camera systems, adapted lenses typically represent good value for the money. Adapters ranging from low- to high-quality are readily available for purchase online. Canon FD, Nikon F (G lenses require special adapters), MD/MC, Leica M, M42 Screw Mount, and C-mount Cine lenses are all easily adaptable to the Micro Four Thirds system with glassless adapters, resulting in no induced loss of light or sharpness. </p><p>Adapted lenses retain their native focal lengths but <a href="/wiki/Field_of_view" title="Field of view">field of view</a> is reduced by half —i.e., an adapted 50mm lens is still a 50mm lens in terms of focal length but has a narrower FOV equivalent to a 100mm lens due to the Micro Four Thirds System 2x crop factor. Therefore, most adapted glass from the 35mm film era and current DSLR lineups provide effective fields of view varying from normal to extreme telephoto. Wide angles are generally not practical for adapted use from both an image quality and value point of view. </p><p>Using older adapted lenses on Micro Four Thirds sometimes leads to a slight losses in image quality. This is the result of placing high resolution demands on the center crop of decade old 35mm lenses. Therefore, 100% crops from the lenses do not usually represent the same level of pixel-level sharpness as they would on their native formats. Another slight disadvantage of using adapted lenses can be size. By using a 35mm film lens, one would be using a lens that casts an image circle that is far larger than what is required by Micro Four Thirds Sensors. </p><p>The main disadvantage of using adapted lenses however, is that focus is manual even with natively autofocus lenses. Full metering functionality is maintained however, as are some automated shooting modes (aperture priority). A further disadvantage with some LM and LTM lenses is that lenses with significant rear protrusions simply do not fit inside the camera body and risk damaging lens or body.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> An example is the <a href="/wiki/Zeiss_Biogon" title="Zeiss Biogon">Biogon type</a> of lens. </p><p>Overall, the ability to use adapted lenses gives Micro Four Thirds a great advantage in overall versatility and the practice has gained a somewhat cult following. Image samples can be found readily online, and in particular on the MU-43 adapted lenses forum. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Micro_Four_Thirds_system_cameras">Micro Four Thirds system cameras</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micro_Four_Thirds_system&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Micro Four Thirds system cameras"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Digitales.Kamerasystem.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Digitales.Kamerasystem.jpg/220px-Digitales.Kamerasystem.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="423" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Digitales.Kamerasystem.jpg/330px-Digitales.Kamerasystem.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Digitales.Kamerasystem.jpg/440px-Digitales.Kamerasystem.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1188" data-file-height="2285" /></a><figcaption>Some components of the digital camera system Micro Four Thirds (from the upper left to the lower right): fast <a href="/wiki/Prime_lens" title="Prime lens">prime lens</a> for portraits, <a href="/wiki/Telephoto_lens" title="Telephoto lens">telephoto zoom lens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Superzoom" title="Superzoom">superzoom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wide-angle_lens" title="Wide-angle lens">wide-angle lens</a>, standard <a href="/wiki/Zoom_lens" title="Zoom lens">zoom lens</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Camera_body&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Camera body (page does not exist)">camera body</a> with articulating <a href="/wiki/Electronic_viewfinder" title="Electronic viewfinder">electronic viewfinder</a>, camera body with fixed electronic viewfinder, <a href="/wiki/Flash_(photography)" title="Flash (photography)">system flashlight</a>, pluggable flashlight, a set of three <a href="/wiki/Extension_tube" title="Extension tube">extension tubes</a>, mechanical <a href="/wiki/Lens_mount" title="Lens mount">lens mount</a> adapter for <a href="/wiki/Leica_R" class="mw-redirect" title="Leica R">Leica R</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polarizer" title="Polarizer">polarising filter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pinhole_camera" title="Pinhole camera">pin hole lens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Macro_lens" class="mw-redirect" title="Macro lens">macro zoom lens</a></figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Micro_Four_Thirds_cameras" title="List of Micro Four Thirds cameras">List of Micro Four Thirds cameras</a></div> <p>As of June 2012<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Micro_Four_Thirds_system&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Olympus_Corporation" title="Olympus Corporation">Olympus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Panasonic" title="Panasonic">Panasonic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cosina_Voigtl%C3%A4nder" title="Cosina Voigtländer">Cosina Voigtländer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carl_Zeiss_AG" title="Carl Zeiss AG">Carl Zeiss AG</a>, <a href="/wiki/Schneider_Kreuznach" title="Schneider Kreuznach">Jos. Schneider Optische Werke GmbH</a>, Komamura Corporation, <a href="/wiki/Sigma_Corporation" title="Sigma Corporation">Sigma Corporation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tamron" title="Tamron">Tamron</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-astrotamron_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-astrotamron-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Astrodesign,<sup id="cite_ref-astrotamron_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-astrotamron-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yasuhara,<sup id="cite_ref-yasuhara_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yasuhara-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Blackmagic_Design" title="Blackmagic Design">Blackmagic Design</a><sup id="cite_ref-Blackmagic_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blackmagic-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> have a commitment to the Micro Four Thirds system. </p><p>The first Micro Four Thirds system camera was <a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-G1" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-G1">Panasonic Lumix DMC-G1</a>, which was launched in Japan in October 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2009, <a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GH1" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-GH1">Panasonic Lumix DMC-GH1</a> with <a href="/wiki/High-definition_video" title="High-definition video">HD video</a> recording added to it.<sup id="cite_ref-Panasonic_premieres_DMC-GH1_with_HD_video_recording_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Panasonic_premieres_DMC-GH1_with_HD_video_recording-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first <a href="/wiki/Olympus_Corporation" title="Olympus Corporation">Olympus</a> model, the <a href="/wiki/Olympus_PEN_E-P1" title="Olympus PEN E-P1">Olympus PEN E-P1</a>, was shipped in July 2009. </p><p>Blackmagic Design sells cameras made for cinematography, some of which use the MFT lens mount. Their first MFT camera was the <a href="/wiki/Blackmagic_Pocket_Cinema_Camera" title="Blackmagic Pocket Cinema Camera">Blackmagic Pocket Cinema Camera</a> (BPCC), which was announced in April 2013 with 1080HD recording.<sup id="cite_ref-BMPCC-pr_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BMPCC-pr-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2013, SVS Vistek GmbH in Seefeld, Germany introduced the first high-speed industrial camera with a MFT lens mount, using 4/3" sensors from Truesense Imaging, Inc (formerly Kodak sensors, now part of <a href="/wiki/ON_Semiconductor" class="mw-redirect" title="ON Semiconductor">ON Semiconductor</a>). The SVS Vistek Evo "Tracer" cameras have resolution-dependent shutter speeds, ranging from 147 frames per second (fps) at 1 megapixel (model evo1050 TR) to 22 fps at 8 megapixels (model evo8051 TR).<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, JK Imaging Ltd., which holds the Kodak brand, released its first Micro Four Thirds camera, the <a href="/wiki/Kodak_Pixpro_S-1" title="Kodak Pixpro S-1">Kodak Pixpro S-1</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> several lenses and niche camera makers have products made for the standard. In 2015, <a href="/wiki/DJI_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="DJI (company)">DJI</a> released the Zenmuse X5 and X5R, which are gimbal-mounted cameras with a MFT lens mount, as optional upgrades for its Inspire drone line. Both cameras can capture 16MP stills and up to 4K/30fps video using one of four interchangeable lenses, ranging from 12mm to 17mm.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2016, <a href="/wiki/YI_Technology" title="YI Technology">Xiaoyi</a> introduced the <a href="/w/index.php?title=YI_M1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="YI M1 (page does not exist)">YI M1</a>, a 20MP MFT camera with 4K video capability.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also in 2016, Z-Camera released the E1, designed to shoot still and video with an MFT lens mount.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Micro_Four_Thirds_lenses">Micro Four Thirds lenses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micro_Four_Thirds_system&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Micro Four Thirds lenses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Micro_Four_Thirds_lenses" title="List of Micro Four Thirds lenses">List of Micro Four Thirds lenses</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Weasel plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Weasel" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>contains <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">weasel words</a>: vague phrasing that often accompanies <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">biased</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">unverifiable</a> information</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Such statements should be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">clarified or removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2017</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Because the <a href="/wiki/Flange_focal_distance" title="Flange focal distance">flange focal distance</a> of Micro Four Thirds cameras are shorter than DSLRs, most lenses are smaller and cheaper.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Of particular interest in illustrating this fact are the Panasonic 7–14 mm ultra-wide angle (equivalent to 14–28 mm in the 35 mm film format) and the Olympus M.Zuiko Digital ED 9–18 mm ultra wide-angle lens (equivalent to an 18–36 mm zoom lens in the 35 mm film format). This feature also permitted the lens designers to develop the world's fastest fisheye lens with autofocus, the <a href="/wiki/Olympus_M.Zuiko_Digital_ED_8_mm_f/1.8_Fisheye_Pro" title="Olympus M.Zuiko Digital ED 8 mm f/1.8 Fisheye Pro">Olympus ED 8 mm f/1.8</a>. </p><p>On the telephoto end, the Panasonic 100–300 mm or the <a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Leica_DG_Vario-Elmar_100-400_mm" title="Panasonic Leica DG Vario-Elmar 100-400 mm">Leica DG 100-400 mm</a> as well as the Olympus 75–300 mm zooms show how small and light extreme telephotos can be made. The 400 mm focal length in Micro Four Thirds has the same angle of view as an 800 mm focal length in full frame cameras. </p><p>When compared to a full frame camera lens providing a similar angle of view, rather than weighing a few kilograms (several pounds) and generally having a length exceeding 60 cm (24 in) end to end, the optically stabilized Panasonic Lumix G Vario 100–300 mm lens weighs just 520 g (18 oz), is only 126 mm (5.0 in) long, and uses a relatively petite 67 mm filter size.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a point of comparison, the Nikkor-P 600 mm f5.6 telephoto introduced for the <a href="/wiki/1964_Summer_Olympics" title="1964 Summer Olympics">1964 Summer Olympics</a> in Tokyo weighs 3,600 g (130 oz), is 516.5 mm (20.33 in) in length and uses a 122 mm filter.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerycaption">Selected MFT lenses</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 122px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Leica.Nocticron.42.5.f1.2.MFT.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Panasonic Leica DG Nocticron 42.5 mm f/1.2"><img alt="Panasonic Leica DG Nocticron 42.5 mm f/1.2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Leica.Nocticron.42.5.f1.2.MFT.jpg/180px-Leica.Nocticron.42.5.f1.2.MFT.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Leica.Nocticron.42.5.f1.2.MFT.jpg/270px-Leica.Nocticron.42.5.f1.2.MFT.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Leica.Nocticron.42.5.f1.2.MFT.jpg/360px-Leica.Nocticron.42.5.f1.2.MFT.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Nocticron" title="Nocticron">Panasonic Leica DG Nocticron 42.5 mm <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1207775266">'"`UNIQ--templatestyles-00000035-QINU`"'</style><span class="fnumber-fallback"><span class="first-letter">f</span>/1.2</span></a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 82px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 80px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Olympus_M.Zuiko_Digital_ED_60mm_f_2.8_Macro_Lens.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Olympus M.Zuiko Digital ED 60mm f/2.8 Macro"><img alt="Olympus M.Zuiko Digital ED 60mm f/2.8 Macro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Olympus_M.Zuiko_Digital_ED_60mm_f_2.8_Macro_Lens.jpg/120px-Olympus_M.Zuiko_Digital_ED_60mm_f_2.8_Macro_Lens.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Olympus_M.Zuiko_Digital_ED_60mm_f_2.8_Macro_Lens.jpg/180px-Olympus_M.Zuiko_Digital_ED_60mm_f_2.8_Macro_Lens.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Olympus_M.Zuiko_Digital_ED_60mm_f_2.8_Macro_Lens.jpg/240px-Olympus_M.Zuiko_Digital_ED_60mm_f_2.8_Macro_Lens.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="5472" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Olympus M.Zuiko Digital ED 60mm <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1207775266"><span class="fnumber-fallback"><span class="first-letter">f</span>/2.8</span> Macro</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 82px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 80px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Panasonic_Leica_DG_Summilux_25mm_f1.4.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Panasonic Leica DG Summilux 25mm f/1.4"><img alt="Panasonic Leica DG Summilux 25mm f/1.4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Panasonic_Leica_DG_Summilux_25mm_f1.4.jpg/120px-Panasonic_Leica_DG_Summilux_25mm_f1.4.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Panasonic_Leica_DG_Summilux_25mm_f1.4.jpg/180px-Panasonic_Leica_DG_Summilux_25mm_f1.4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Panasonic_Leica_DG_Summilux_25mm_f1.4.jpg/240px-Panasonic_Leica_DG_Summilux_25mm_f1.4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="5472" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Panasonic Leica DG Summilux 25mm <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1207775266"><span class="fnumber-fallback"><span class="first-letter">f</span>/1.4</span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 287.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 285.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Leica.DG.Vario-Elmar.100-400.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Telephoto zoom lens Leica DG 100-400 mm"><img alt="Telephoto zoom lens Leica DG 100-400 mm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Leica.DG.Vario-Elmar.100-400.jpg/428px-Leica.DG.Vario-Elmar.100-400.jpg" decoding="async" width="286" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Leica.DG.Vario-Elmar.100-400.jpg/642px-Leica.DG.Vario-Elmar.100-400.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Leica.DG.Vario-Elmar.100-400.jpg/856px-Leica.DG.Vario-Elmar.100-400.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="1347" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Telephoto zoom lens <a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Leica_DG_Vario-Elmar_100-400_mm" title="Panasonic Leica DG Vario-Elmar 100-400 mm">Leica DG 100-400 mm</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Image_stabilization_approaches">Image stabilization approaches</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micro_Four_Thirds_system&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Image stabilization approaches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Olympus and Panasonic have both produced cameras with sensor-based stabilization, and lenses with stabilization. However, the lens stabilization will only work together with body stabilization for cameras of the same brand. Before 2013, Olympus and Panasonic approached <a href="/wiki/Image_stabilization" title="Image stabilization">image stabilization</a> (IS) differently. Olympus used <a href="/wiki/Image_stabilization#Sensor-shift" title="Image stabilization">sensor-shift</a> image stabilization only, which it calls IBIS (<b>I</b>n-<b>B</b>ody <b>I</b>mage <b>S</b>tabilization), a feature included all of its cameras. Until 2013, Panasonic used <a href="/wiki/Image_stabilization#Lens-based" title="Image stabilization">lens-based</a> stabilization only, called Mega OIS or Power OIS (<b>O</b>ptical <b>I</b>mage <b>S</b>tabilization). These stabilize the image by shifting a small optical block within the lens. </p><p>In 2013, Panasonic began including sensor-based stabilization in its cameras, beginning with the Lumix DMC-GX7. Panasonic called the combination of lens and body stabilization "Dual IS," and this function won an award of the European Imaging and Sound Association (EISA) in the category Photo Innovation 2016–2017.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2016, Olympus added lens-based stabilization to the M. Zuiko 300mm f/4.0 Pro telephoto prime lens and the M. Zuiko 12-100mm f/4.0 IS Pro lens. </p><p>Panasonic claims that OIS is more accurate because the stabilization system can be designed for the particular optical characteristics of each lens. A disadvantage of this approach is that the OIS motor and shift mechanism must be built into each lens, making lenses more expensive than comparable non-OIS lenses. Of all Panasonic lenses only few with short focal lengths, and therefore wide angles of view and low susceptibility to image shaking, are not image stabilized, including the 8 mm fisheye, 7–14 mm wide angle zoom, 14 mm prime, the 15 mm prime, the 20 mm prime and the 25 mm prime. </p><p>The advantage of in-body IS is that even unstabilized lenses can make use of the in-body stabilization. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mount_adaptability">Mount adaptability</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micro_Four_Thirds_system&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Mount adaptability"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since most Micro Four Thirds lenses have neither a mechanical focusing ring nor an aperture ring, adapting these lenses for other camera mounts is impossible or compromised. A variety of companies manufacture adapters to use lenses from nearly any legacy lens mount<sup id="cite_ref-Novoflex_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Novoflex-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (such lenses, of course, support no automatic functions.) For the Four Third lenses that can be mounted on MFT bodies, see <a href="/wiki/Four_Thirds_system" title="Four Thirds system">Four Thirds system lenses</a>. For the Four Third lenses that support AF, see the Olympus website.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For those that support fast AF (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Imager_AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imager AF (page does not exist)">Imager AF</a>), see the Olympus website.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="3D">3D</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micro_Four_Thirds_system&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: 3D"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On July 27, 2010, Panasonic announced the development of a three-dimensional optic solution for the Micro Four Thirds system. A specially designed lens allows it to capture stereo images compatible with VIERA 3D-TV-sets and Blu-ray 3D Disc Players.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micro_Four_Thirds_system&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Image_sensor_format" title="Image sensor format">Image sensor format</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenses_for_SLR_and_DSLR_cameras" title="Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras">Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lens_mounts" class="mw-redirect" title="List of lens mounts">List of lens mounts</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micro_Four_Thirds_system&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output 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href="http://www2.panasonic.com/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/prModelDetail?storeId=11301&catalogId=13251&itemId=457704&modelNo=Content07262010063229280&surfModel=Content07262010063229280">Panasonic announces development of world's first interchangeable 3D lens for Lumix G Micro system</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100730113251/http://www2.panasonic.com/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/prModelDetail?storeId=11301&catalogId=13251&itemId=457704&modelNo=Content07262010063229280&surfModel=Content07262010063229280">Archived</a> 2010-07-30 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Panasonic</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micro_Four_Thirds_system&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130202091544/http://panasonic.net/avc/lumix/systemcamera/gms/lens/">Panasonic Lumix G family of lenses</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympusamerica.com/cpg_section/cpg_digital_pen.asp?section=lens">Olympus PEN system lenses</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120922144315/http://www.olympusamerica.com/cpg_section/cpg_digital_pen.asp?section=lens">Archived</a> 2012-09-22 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110904023544/http://www.cosina.co.jp/seihin/voigt/english/micro-e.html">Cosina Voigtländer Nokton MFT mount product page</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100203234934/http://noktor.com/products.php">Noktor Hyperprime MFT mount product page</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" 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title="Special:EditPage/Template:Micro Four Thirds cameras"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Micro_Four_Thirds_cameras_timeline" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Micro Four Thirds</a> cameras timeline</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%; table-layout:fixed; margin:2px 0 0 0" class="wikitable wraplinks"> <tbody><tr style="font-weight:bold"> <td rowspan="2" style="width:5em">Brand </td> <td rowspan="2" style="width:5em">Form </td> <td rowspan="2" style="width:5em">Class </td> <td colspan="4">2008 </td> <td colspan="4">2009 </td> <td colspan="4">2010 </td> <td colspan="4">2011 </td> <td colspan="4">2012 </td> <td colspan="4">2013 </td> <td colspan="4">2014 </td> <td colspan="4">2015 </td> <td colspan="4">2016 </td> <td colspan="4">2017 </td> <td colspan="4">2018 </td> <td colspan="4">2019 </td> <td colspan="4">2020 </td> <td colspan="4">2021 </td> <td colspan="4">2022 </td> <td colspan="4">2023 </td> <td colspan="4">2024 </td> <td colspan="2">25 </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="65"> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="8"><b>Olympus</b> </td> <td rowspan="4">SLR style<br /><b>OM-D</b> </td> <td>Professional </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="1"> </td> <td colspan="19" style="background:#b4e4c9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_OM-D_E-M1X" title="Olympus OM-D E-M1X">E-M1X</a></span></i> <sup><i>R</i></sup> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>High-end </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td colspan="12" style="background:#b4e4c9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_OM-D_E-M1" title="Olympus OM-D E-M1">E-M1</a></span></i> </td> <td colspan="13" style="background:#b4e4c9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_OM-D_E-M1_Mark_II" title="Olympus OM-D E-M1 Mark II">E-M1 II</a></span></i> <sup><i>R</i></sup> </td> <td colspan="16" style="background:#b4e4c9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_OM-D_E-M1_Mark_III" title="Olympus OM-D E-M1 Mark III">E-M1 III</a></span></i> <sup><i>R</i></sup> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Advanced </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="1"> </td> <td colspan="11" style="background:#b4e4c9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_OM-D_E-M5" title="Olympus OM-D E-M5">E-M5</a></span></i> </td> <td colspan="19" style="background:#b4e4c9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_OM-D_E-M5_Mark_II" title="Olympus OM-D E-M5 Mark II">E-M5 II</a></span></i> <sup><i>R</i></sup> </td> <td colspan="12" style="background:#b4e4c9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_OM-D_E-M5_Mark_III" title="Olympus OM-D E-M5 Mark III">E-M5 III</a></span></i> <sup><i>R</i></sup> </td> <td colspan="1"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mid-range </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted #000"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_OM-D_E-M10" title="Olympus OM-D E-M10">E-M10</a></span></i> </td> <td colspan="8" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_OM-D_E-M10_Mark_II" title="Olympus OM-D E-M10 Mark II">E-M10 II</a></span></i> </td> <td colspan="12" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_OM-D_E-M10_Mark_III" title="Olympus OM-D E-M10 Mark III">E-M10 III</a></span></i> </td> <td colspan="20" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_OM-D_E-M10_Mark_IV" title="Olympus OM-D E-M10 Mark IV">E-M10 IV</a></span></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">Rangefinder<br />style<br /><b>PEN</b> </td> <td>Mid-range </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="1"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#b5d4e9"><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted #000"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_PEN_E-P1" title="Olympus PEN E-P1">E-P1</a></span> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background:#b5d4e9"><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted #000"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_PEN_E-P2" title="Olympus PEN E-P2">E-P2</a></span> </td> <td colspan="8" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted #000"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_PEN_E-P3" title="Olympus PEN E-P3">E-P3</a></span></i> </td> <td colspan="12" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_PEN_E-P5" title="Olympus PEN E-P5">E-P5</a></span></i> </td> <td colspan="11" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_PEN-F" title="Olympus PEN-F">PEN-F</a></span></i> <sup><i>R</i></sup> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Upper-entry </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background:#b5d4e9"><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted #000"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_PEN_E-PL1" title="Olympus PEN E-PL1">E-PL1</a></span> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#b5d4e9"><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted #000"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_PEN_E-PL2" title="Olympus PEN E-PL2">E-PL2</a></span> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background:#b5d4e9"><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted #000"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_PEN_E-PL3" title="Olympus PEN E-PL3">E-PL3</a></span> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted #000"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_PEN_E-PL5" title="Olympus PEN E-PL5">E-PL5</a></span></i> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted #000"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_PEN_E-PL6" title="Olympus PEN E-PL6">E-PL6</a></span></i> </td> <td colspan="9" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted #000"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_PEN_E-PL7" title="Olympus PEN E-PL7">E-PL7</a></span></i> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted #000"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olympus_PEN_E-PL8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Olympus PEN E-PL8 (page does not exist)">E-PL8</a></span></i> </td> <td colspan="7" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted #000"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_PEN_E-PL9" title="Olympus PEN E-PL9">E-PL9</a></span></i> </td> <td colspan="16" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted #000"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olympus_PEN_E-PL10&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Olympus PEN E-PL10 (page does not exist)">E-PL10</a></span></i> </td> <td colspan="1"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Entry-level </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="1"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background:#b5d4e9"><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted #000"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_PEN_E-PM1" title="Olympus PEN E-PM1">E-PM1</a></span> </td> <td colspan="8" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted #000"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_PEN_E-PM2" title="Olympus PEN E-PM2">E-PM2</a></span></i> </td> <td colspan="1"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>remote </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="7" style="background:#b5d4e9"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_Air" title="Olympus Air">Air</a> </td> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="73"> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><b>OM System</b> </td> <td rowspan="2">SLR style </td> <td>Professional </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="8" style="background:#b4e4c9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/OM_System_OM-1" title="OM System OM-1">OM-1</a></span></i> <sup><i>R</i></sup> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background:#b4e4c9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;">OM-1 II</span></i> <sup><i>R</i></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>High-end </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td colspan="11" style="background:#b4e4c9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/OM_System_OM-5" title="OM System OM-5">OM-5</a></span></i> <sup><i>R</i></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1"><b>PEN</b> </td> <td>Mid-range </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="1"> </td> <td colspan="17" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_PEN_E-P7" title="Olympus PEN E-P7">E-P7</a></span></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="73"> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="9"><b>Panasonic</b> </td> <td rowspan="5">SLR style </td> <td rowspan="1">High-end Video </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="16" style="background:#b4e4c9"><i><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DC-GH5S" title="Panasonic Lumix DC-GH5S">GH5S</a></i> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background:#b4e4c9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panasonic_Lumix_DC-GH6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panasonic Lumix DC-GH6 (page does not exist)">GH6</a></span></i> <sup>R</sup> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background:#b4e4c9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panasonic_Lumix_DC-GH7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panasonic Lumix DC-GH7 (page does not exist)">GH7</a></span></i> <sup>R</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">High-end Photo </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td colspan="24" style="background:#b4e4c9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DC-G9" title="Panasonic Lumix DC-G9">G9</a></span></i> <sup>R</sup> </td> <td colspan="7" style="background:#b4e4c9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DC-G9_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Panasonic Lumix DC-G9 II">G9 II</a></span></i> <sup>R</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">High-end </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background:#b5d4e9"><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GH1" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-GH1">GH1</a> </td> <td colspan="8" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GH2" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-GH2">GH2</a></i> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background:#b4e4c9"><i><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GH3" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-GH3">GH3</a></i> </td> <td colspan="13" style="background:#b4e4c9"><i><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GH4" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-GH4">GH4</a></i> </td> <td colspan="16" style="background:#b4e4c9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DC-GH5" title="Panasonic Lumix DC-GH5">GH5</a></span></i> </td> <td colspan="17" style="background:#b4e4c9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DC-GH5M2" title="Panasonic Lumix DC-GH5M2">GH5II</a></span></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mid-range </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background:#f8c3b9"><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-G1" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-G1">G1</a> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-G2" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-G2">G2</a></i> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-G3" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-G3">G3</a></i> </td> <td colspan="1"> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-G5" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-G5">G5</a></i> </td> <td colspan="9" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-G6" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-G6">G6</a></i> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-G7" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-G7">G7</a></i> </td> <td colspan="11" style="background:#b4e4c9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-G85/G80" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-G85/G80">G80/G85</a></span></i> </td> <td colspan="24" style="background:#b4e4c9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-G90/G95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-G90/G95 (page does not exist)">G90/G95</a></span></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Entry-level </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background:#b5d4e9"><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-G10" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-G10">G10</a> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="20" style="background:#b5d4e9"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panasonic_Lumix_DC-G100&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panasonic Lumix DC-G100 (page does not exist)">G100</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">Rangefinder style </td> <td>Advanced </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GX1" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-GX1">GX1</a></i> </td> <td colspan="1"> </td> <td colspan="8" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted #000"><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GX7" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-GX7">GX7</a></span></i> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background:#b4e4c9"><i><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted #000"><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GX8" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-GX8">GX8</a></span></i> </td> <td colspan="24" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GX9" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-GX9">GX9</a></span></i> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mid-range </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GM1" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-GM1">GM1</a></i> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GM5" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-GM5">GM5</a></i> </td> <td colspan="1"> </td> <td colspan="17" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GX85/GX80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-GX85/GX80 (page does not exist)">GX80/GX85</a></span></i> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Entry-level </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background:#b5d4e9"><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GF1" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-GF1">GF1</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GF2" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-GF2">GF2</a></i> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GF3" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-GF3">GF3</a></i> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GF5" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-GF5">GF5</a></i> </td> <td colspan="7" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GF6" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-GF6">GF6</a></i> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GF7" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-GF7">GF7</a></i> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panasonic_Lumix_DMC-GF8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panasonic Lumix DMC-GF8 (page does not exist)">GF8</a></i> </td> <td colspan="8" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Lumix_DC-GX850/GX800" title="Panasonic Lumix DC-GX850/GX800">GX800/GX850/GF9</a></i> </td> <td colspan="13" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panasonic_Lumix_DC-GF10&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panasonic Lumix DC-GF10 (page does not exist)">GF10/GF90</a></i> </td> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1">Camcorder </td> <td>Professional </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="32" style="background:#b5d4e9"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panasonic_AG-AF104&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panasonic AG-AF104 (page does not exist)">AG-AF104</a> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="73"> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1"><b>Kodak</b> </td> <td rowspan="1">Rangefinder style </td> <td>Entry-level </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="1"> </td> <td colspan="23" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted #000"><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Pixpro_S-1" title="Kodak Pixpro S-1">S-1</a></span></i> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="73"> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><b>DJI</b> </td> <td rowspan="2">Drone </td> <td>. </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td colspan="13" style="background:#b5d4e9"><a href="/w/index.php?title=DJI_Zenmuse_X5S&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DJI Zenmuse X5S (page does not exist)">Zenmuse X5S</a> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>. </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td colspan="13" style="background:#b5d4e9"><a href="/w/index.php?title=DJI_Zenmuse_X5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DJI Zenmuse X5 (page does not exist)">Zenmuse X5</a> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="73"> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1"><b>YI</b> </td> <td rowspan="1">Rangefinder style </td> <td>Entry-level </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td colspan="13" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=YI_M1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="YI M1 (page does not exist)">M1</a></i> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="73"> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1"><b>Yongnuo</b> </td> <td rowspan="1">Rangefinder style </td> <td>Android camera </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yongnuo_YN450M&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yongnuo YN450M (page does not exist)">YN450M</a></i> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yongnuo_YN455&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yongnuo YN455 (page does not exist)">YN455</a></i> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="73"> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><b>Blackmagic Design</b> </td> <td rowspan="2">Rangefinder style </td> <td rowspan="3">High-End Video </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td colspan="17" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><a href="/wiki/Blackmagic_Cinema_Camera" title="Blackmagic Cinema Camera">Cinema Camera</a></i> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="16" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><a href="/wiki/Blackmagic_Pocket_Cinema_Camera" title="Blackmagic Pocket Cinema Camera">Pocket Cinema Camera</a></i> </td> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td colspan="27" style="background:#b5d4e9"><i><a href="/wiki/Blackmagic_Pocket_Cinema_Camera_4K" class="mw-redirect" title="Blackmagic Pocket Cinema Camera 4K">Pocket Cinema Camera 4K</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="35" style="background:#b5d4e9"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blackmagic_Micro_Cinema_Camera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blackmagic Micro Cinema Camera (page does not exist)">Micro Cinema Camera</a> </td> <td colspan="7" style="background:#b5d4e9"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blackmagic_Micro_Cinema_Camera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blackmagic Micro Cinema Camera (page does not exist)">Micro Studio Camera 4K G2</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="73"> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><b>Z CAM</b> </td> <td rowspan="3">Cinema </td> <td>Advanced </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td colspan="11" style="background:#b5d4e9"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z_CAM_E1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Z CAM E1 (page does not exist)">E1</a> </td> <td colspan="28" style="background:#b5d4e9"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z_CAM_E2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Z CAM E2 (page does not exist)">E2</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mid-Range </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="20" style="background:#b5d4e9"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z_CAM_E2-M4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Z CAM E2-M4 (page does not exist)">E2-M4</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Entry-Level </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="24" style="background:#b5d4e9"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z_CAM_E2C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Z CAM E2C (page does not exist)">E2C</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="73"> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1"><b>JVC</b> </td> <td rowspan="1">Camcorder </td> <td>Professional </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="20" style="background:#b5d4e9"><a href="/w/index.php?title=JVC_GY-LS300&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JVC GY-LS300 (page does not exist)">GY-LS300</a> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="73"> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1"><b>SVS-Vistek</b> </td> <td rowspan="1"> </td> <td>Industrial </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="30" style="background:#b5d4e9">EVO Tracer </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><span style="background:#f8c3b9;padding:3px;">No Video</span> | <span style="background:#b4e4c9;padding:3px;">Weather Sealed</span> | <span style="background:#b5d4e9;padding:3px;">All the Rest</span> </p> <ul><li><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted #000"><a href="/wiki/Image_stabilization#Sensor-shift" title="Image stabilization">In-Body Image Stabilization</a></span></li> <li><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Image_stabilization" title="Image stabilization">5-Axis Sensor Stabilization</a></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Touchscreen" title="Touchscreen">Touchscreen</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_shift" title="Pixel shift">High Resolution mode</a><sup> R</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Olympus_photographic_products" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Olympus_OM_System" title="Template:Olympus OM System"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Olympus_OM_System" title="Template talk:Olympus OM System"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Olympus_OM_System" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Olympus OM System"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Olympus_photographic_products" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_Corporation" title="Olympus Corporation">Olympus</a> photographic products</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Medium format</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Folding Semi-Olympus (645)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Model I</li> <li>Model II</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Folding (6×6)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Six</li> <li>Chrome Six Model I</li> <li>Chrome Six Model II</li> <li>Chrome Six Model IIA</li> <li>Chrome Six Model IIB</li> <li>Six Model IV</li> <li>Six Model V</li> <li>Six Model RII</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Olympusflex <a href="/wiki/Twin_lens_reflex" class="mw-redirect" title="Twin lens reflex">TLR</a> (6×6)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>BII</li> <li>A3.5</li> <li>A2.8</li> <li>A3.5II</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Half-frame (Pen)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fixed lens</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olympus_Pen" title="Olympus Pen">Pen</a></li> <li>S</li> <li>EE</li> <li>EES</li> <li>D</li> <li>D2</li> <li>Wide</li> <li>S 3.5</li> <li>D3</li> <li>EM</li> <li>EED</li> <li>EF</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Interchangeable lens</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olympus_Pen_F" title="Olympus Pen F">F</a></li> <li>FT</li> <li>FV</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">35mm fixed lens</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rangefinder</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>35 I (24×32)</li> <li>35 II</li> <li>35 III</li> <li>35 IV</li> <li>35 IVa</li> <li>35 IVb</li> <li>35-S</li> <li>35 V</li> <li>Wide</li> <li>Wide E</li> <li>Wide Super</li> <li>35 SII 1.8</li> <li>Auto</li> <li>Auto Eye</li> <li>Auto Eye II</li> <li>S</li> <li>SC</li> <li>35LC</li> <li>35LE</li> <li>35SP</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympus_Trip_35" title="Olympus Trip 35">Trip 35</a></li> <li>35UC</li> <li>35EC</li> <li>35EC2</li> <li>35ECR</li> <li>35ED</li> <li>35RC</li> <li>35DC</li> <li>35RD</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_XA" title="Olympus XA">XA</a> capsule</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>XA</li> <li>XA1</li> <li>XA2</li> <li>XA3</li> <li>XA4</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Autofocus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>AFL</li> <li>AF-1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympus_mju" title="Olympus mju">mju (Stylus)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ZLR</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olympus_IS-100" title="Olympus IS-100">IS-100</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Special</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>O-Product</li> <li>ECRU</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">35mm interchangeable lens</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rangefinder</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ace</li> <li>Ace E</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/M42_lens_mount" title="M42 lens mount">M42</a> SLR</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>FTL</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_OM_system" title="Olympus OM system">OM System</a> <a href="/wiki/Single-lens_reflex" class="mw-redirect" title="Single-lens reflex">SLR</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olympus_OM-1" title="Olympus OM-1">OM-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympus_OM-2" title="Olympus OM-2">OM-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympus_OM-3" title="Olympus OM-3">OM-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympus_OM-4" title="Olympus OM-4">OM-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympus_OM-10" title="Olympus OM-10">OM-10</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olympus_OM-20&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Olympus OM-20 (page does not exist)">OM-20</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olympus_OM-30&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Olympus OM-30 (page does not exist)">OM-30</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olympus_OM-40&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Olympus OM-40 (page does not exist)">OM-40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympus_OM-2000" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympus OM-2000">OM-2000</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Digital standards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Four_Thirds_system" title="Four Thirds system">Four Thirds system</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Micro Four Thirds system</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other items</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Zuiko" title="Zuiko">Zuiko</a> (photographic lenses)</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Panasonic" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Panasonic" title="Template:Panasonic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Panasonic" title="Template talk:Panasonic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Panasonic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Panasonic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Panasonic" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Panasonic" title="Panasonic">Panasonic</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Avionics_Corporation" title="Panasonic Avionics Corporation">Panasonic Avionics Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Cycle_Technology" title="Panasonic Cycle Technology">Panasonic Cycle Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Electric_Works" title="Panasonic Electric Works">Panasonic Electric Works</a> (acquired in 2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanyo" title="Sanyo">Sanyo</a> (acquired in 2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anchor_Electricals_Pvt._Ltd." class="mw-redirect" title="Anchor Electricals Pvt. Ltd.">Anchor Electricals</a> (acquired in 2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Yonder" title="Blue Yonder">Blue Yonder</a> (acquired in 2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/JVC" title="JVC">JVC</a> (spun off and merged with <a href="/wiki/Kenwood_Corporation" title="Kenwood Corporation">Kenwood</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MCA_Inc." title="MCA Inc.">MCA Inc.</a> (sold to Seagram's)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Lighting_Technologies" title="Universal Lighting Technologies">Universal Lighting Technologies</a> (sold to Atar capital in 2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Panasonic_logo.svg/150px-Panasonic_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Panasonic_logo.svg/225px-Panasonic_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Panasonic_logo.svg/300px-Panasonic_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="92" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Brands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eneloop" title="Eneloop">Eneloop</a></li> <li>Eluga</li> <li><a href="/wiki/KDK" title="KDK">KDK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumix" title="Lumix">Lumix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_(brand)" title="National (brand)">National</a> (phased out)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_(brand)" class="mw-redirect" title="Panasonic (brand)">Panasonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quasar_(brand)" title="Quasar (brand)">Quasar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanyo" title="Sanyo">Sanyo</a> <ul><li>NXT</li> <li>Kaizen</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technics_(brand)" title="Technics (brand)">Technics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varicam" title="Varicam">Varicam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Video_game_console" title="Video game console">Consoles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3DO" title="3DO">3DO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_M2" title="Panasonic M2">Panasonic M2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Q" class="mw-redirect" title="Panasonic Q">Panasonic Q</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jungle_(console)" title="Jungle (console)">Jungle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Technics_(brand)" title="Technics (brand)">Turntables</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Technics_SL-1200" title="Technics SL-1200">Technics SL-1200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technics_SL-10" title="Technics SL-10">Technics SL-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technics_SL-J2" title="Technics SL-J2">Technics SL-J2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Cycle_Technology" title="Panasonic Cycle Technology">Bicycles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Panasonic_camcorders" title="List of Panasonic camcorders">Camcorders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_CD_interface" title="Panasonic CD interface">CD interface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospi" title="Hospi">Hospi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Panasonic_lenses" title="Category:Panasonic lenses">Lenses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Panasonic_Lumix_cameras" title="Category:Panasonic Lumix cameras">Lumix cameras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MN103" title="MN103">MN103</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panapet" title="Panapet">Panapet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsushita_JR_series" title="Matsushita JR series">Panasonic JR series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Toot-a-Loop_Radio" title="Panasonic Toot-a-Loop Radio">Panasonic Toot-a-Loop Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Toughpad" title="Panasonic Toughpad">Toughpad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Toughbook" class="mw-redirect" title="Panasonic Toughbook">Toughbook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_TR-005" title="Panasonic TR-005">Panasonic TR-005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_Engine" title="Venus Engine">Venus Engine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Formats and standards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D5_HD" class="mw-redirect" title="D5 HD">D5 HD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-3DI_Standard" class="mw-redirect" title="M-3DI Standard">M-3DI Standard</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Micro Four Thirds system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MicroP2" title="MicroP2">MicroP2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MII_(videocassette_format)" title="MII (videocassette format)">MII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P2_(storage_media)" title="P2 (storage media)">P2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VHS" title="VHS">VHS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viera_Cast" title="Viera Cast">Viera Cast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VX_(videocassette_format)" title="VX (videocassette format)">VX</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dnosuke_Matsushita" title="Kōnosuke Matsushita">Kōnosuke Matsushita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masaharu_Matsushita" title="Masaharu Matsushita">Masaharu Matsushita</a></li> <li><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%BE%E4%B8%8B%E6%AD%A3%E5%B9%B8" class="extiw" title="ja:松下正幸">Masayuki Matsushita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiro_Matsushita" title="Hiro Matsushita">Hiro Matsushita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hirofumi_Hirano" title="Hirofumi Hirano">Hirofumi Hirano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshio_Iue" title="Toshio Iue">Toshio Iue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazuhiro_Tsuga" title="Kazuhiro Tsuga">Kazuhiro Tsuga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gamba_Osaka" title="Gamba Osaka">Gamba Osaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osaka_Bluteon" title="Osaka Bluteon">Osaka Bluteon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Wild_Knights" class="mw-redirect" title="Panasonic Wild Knights">Panasonic Wild Knights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_(cycling_team)" title="Panasonic (cycling team)">Panasonic cycling team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyota_in_Formula_One" title="Toyota in Formula One">Panasonic Toyota Racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Gobel_Awards" title="Panasonic Gobel Awards">Panasonic Gobel Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Impulse" title="Panasonic Impulse">Panasonic Impulse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Panasonic_Corporation" title="Category:Panasonic Corporation">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Panasonic" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Panasonic">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Eastman_Kodak" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Eastman_Kodak" title="Template:Eastman Kodak"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Eastman_Kodak" title="Template talk:Eastman Kodak"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Eastman_Kodak" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Eastman Kodak"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Eastman_Kodak" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kodak" title="Kodak">Eastman Kodak</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinon_Industries" title="Chinon Industries">Chinon Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creo_(company)" title="Creo (company)">Creo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Express" title="Kodak Express">Kodak Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qualex" title="Qualex">Qualex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ESL_Federal_Credit_Union" title="ESL Federal Credit Union">ESL Federal Credit Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cameras</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Digital</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kodak_DC_Series" title="Kodak DC Series">DC series</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_DC215" title="Kodak DC215">DC215</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_DC3200" title="Kodak DC3200">DC3200</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kodak_DCS" title="Kodak DCS">DCS</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Nikon_F_mount" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikon F mount">NF</a>/<a href="/wiki/Canon_EF_mount" class="mw-redirect" title="Canon EF mount">EF</a> <a href="/wiki/Digital_single-lens_reflex_camera" title="Digital single-lens reflex camera">DSLR</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_DCS_100" title="Kodak DCS 100">100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_DCS_300_series" title="Kodak DCS 300 series">300 series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_DCS_400_series" title="Kodak DCS 400 series">400 series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canon_EOS_D2000" title="Canon EOS D2000">D2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canon_EOS_D6000" title="Canon EOS D6000">D6000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canon_EOS_DCS_1" title="Canon EOS DCS 1">DCS 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canon_EOS_DCS_3" title="Canon EOS DCS 3">DCS 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_DCS_Pro_14n" title="Kodak DCS Pro 14n">Pro 14n</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_DCS_Pro_SLR/c" title="Kodak DCS Pro SLR/c">Pro SLR/c</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_DCS_Pro_SLR/n" title="Kodak DCS Pro SLR/n">Pro SLR/n</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kodak_EasyShare" title="Kodak EasyShare">EasyShare</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Easyshare_C1013" title="Kodak Easyshare C1013">C1013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_EasyShare_C300" title="Kodak EasyShare C300">C300</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_EasyShare_C330" title="Kodak EasyShare C330">C330</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_EasyShare_C340" title="Kodak EasyShare C340">C340</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_EasyShare_C613" title="Kodak EasyShare C613">C613</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Easyshare_C813" title="Kodak Easyshare C813">C813</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_EasyShare_CX4200" title="Kodak EasyShare CX4200">CX4200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_EasyShare_CX4230" class="mw-redirect" title="Kodak EasyShare CX4230">CX4230</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_EasyShare_DX4530" title="Kodak EasyShare DX4530">DX4530</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_EasyShare_DX6440" title="Kodak EasyShare DX6440">DX6440</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_EasyShare_DX6490" title="Kodak EasyShare DX6490">DX6490</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_DX7590_Zoom_Digital_Camera" title="Kodak DX7590 Zoom Digital Camera">DX7590</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_EasyShare_P880" title="Kodak EasyShare P880">P880</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_EasyShare_V570" title="Kodak EasyShare V570">V570</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Pixpro" title="Kodak Pixpro">Pixpro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Z612_Zoom_Digital_Camera" title="Kodak Z612 Zoom Digital Camera">Z612 Zoom Digital Camera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Z712_IS_ZOOM_digital_camera" title="Kodak Z712 IS ZOOM digital camera">Z712 IS ZOOM digital camera</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Movie</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cin%C3%A9-Kodak" title="Ciné-Kodak">Ciné-Kodak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Cine_Special_16mm_Cameras" title="Kodak Cine Special 16mm Cameras">Cine Special 16mm Cameras</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rangefinder</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Retina" title="Kodak Retina">Retina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Retinette" title="Kodak Retinette">Retinette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_35" title="Kodak 35">Kodak 35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_35_Rangefinder" title="Kodak 35 Rangefinder">Kodak 35 RF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Signet" title="Kodak Signet">Signet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Ektra" title="Kodak Ektra">Ektra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reflex</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Retina_Reflex" title="Kodak Retina Reflex">Retina Reflex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brownie_(camera)" class="mw-redirect" title="Brownie (camera)">Brownie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instamatic" title="Instamatic">Instamatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Pony" title="Kodak Pony">Pony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Starflash" title="Kodak Starflash">Starflash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Stereo_Camera" title="Kodak Stereo Camera">Stereo Camera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vest_Pocket_Kodak" title="Vest Pocket Kodak">Vest Pocket Kodak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Vigilant_camera" title="Kodak Vigilant camera">Vigilant camera</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Camera film</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Formats</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/110_film" title="110 film">110</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/120_film" title="120 film">120</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/126_film" title="126 film">126</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/127_film" title="127 film">127</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/135_film" title="135 film">135</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/616_film" title="616 film">616</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/828_film" title="828 film">828</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Photo_System" title="Advanced Photo System">APS (IX240)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disc_film" title="Disc film">Disc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_8_film" title="Super 8 film">Super 8</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Reversal_film" title="Reversal film">Color reversal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ektachrome" title="Ektachrome">Ektachrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodachrome" title="Kodachrome">Kodachrome</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Color print</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastmancolor" title="Eastmancolor">Eastmancolor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ektar" title="Ektar">Ektar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodacolor_(filmmaking)" title="Kodacolor (filmmaking)">Kodacolor (filmmaking)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodacolor_(still_photography)" title="Kodacolor (still photography)">Kodacolor (still photography)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Portra" title="Kodak Portra">Portra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">B&W</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_High-Speed_Infrared" title="Kodak High-Speed Infrared">High-Speed Infrared</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_T-MAX" title="Kodak T-MAX">T-MAX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Tri-X" title="Kodak Tri-X">Tri-X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_Pan" title="Technical Pan">Technical Pan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Approval_proofer" title="Approval proofer">Approval proofer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autographic_film" title="Autographic film">Autographic film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carousel_slide_projector" title="Carousel slide projector">Carousel slide projector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_Digital_Sound" title="Cinema Digital Sound">Cinema Digital Sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cineon" title="Cineon">Cineon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorama_(Kodak)" class="mw-redirect" title="Colorama (Kodak)">Colorama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Ektaprint_Electronic_Publishing_System" title="Kodak Ektaprint Electronic Publishing System">Ektaprint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Ektra_(phone)" title="Kodak Ektra (phone)">Ektra (phone)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Gallery" title="Kodak Gallery">Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KAF-10500" class="mw-redirect" title="KAF-10500">KAF-10500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keykode" title="Keykode">Keykode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodacolor_Technology" title="Kodacolor Technology">Kodacolor Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodascope" title="Kodascope">Kodascope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KPR" title="KPR">KPR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorola_Zine" title="Motorola Zine">Motorola Zine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picture_CD" title="Picture CD">Picture CD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Proofing_Software" title="Kodak Proofing Software">Proofing Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_S-mount" title="Kodak S-mount">S-mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starmatic" title="Starmatic">Starmatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Ultima" title="Kodak Ultima">Ultima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Versamat" title="Versamat">Versamat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Changing_Focus" title="Changing Focus">Changing Focus</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Brownies" title="The Brownies">The Brownies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technical <br />standards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DX_encoding" title="DX encoding">DX encoding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Thirds_system" title="Four Thirds system">Four Thirds system</a> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Micro Four Thirds</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wratten_number" title="Wratten number">Wratten number</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colby_Chandler_(CEO)" title="Colby Chandler (CEO)">Colby Chandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Eastman" title="George Eastman">George Eastman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leopold_Godowsky_Jr." title="Leopold Godowsky Jr.">Leopold Godowsky Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Hargrave" title="Thomas J. Hargrave">Thomas J. Hargrave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leopold_Mannes" title="Leopold Mannes">Leopold Mannes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Mees" title="Kenneth Mees">Kenneth Mees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Sasson" title="Steven Sasson">Steven Sasson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_A._Strong" title="Henry A. Strong">Henry A. Strong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_S._Vaughn" title="William S. Vaughn">William S. Vaughn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastman_Business_Park" title="Eastman Business Park">Eastman Business Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Heights" title="Kodak Heights">Kodak Heights</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kodak_Building_9" title="Kodak Building 9">Building 9</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Park_Railroad" title="Kodak Park Railroad">Kodak Park Railroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Photo_Spot" title="Kodak Photo Spot">Kodak Photo Spot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Picture_Kiosk" title="Kodak Picture Kiosk">Kodak Picture Kiosk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak,_Tennessee" title="Kodak, Tennessee">Kodak, Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Tower" title="Kodak Tower">Kodak Tower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Court cases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Eastman_Kodak_Co_v._Harold_Worden" title="Eastman Kodak Co v. Harold Worden">Kodak v. Worden</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eastman_Kodak_Co._v._Image_Technical_Services,_Inc." title="Eastman Kodak Co. v. Image Technical Services, Inc.">Kodak v. Image Technical Services</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vroegh_v._Eastman_Kodak_Co." title="Vroegh v. Eastman Kodak Co.">Vroegh v. Kodak</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Processes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C-22_process" title="C-22 process">C-22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C-41_process" title="C-41 process">C-41</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-6_process" title="E-6 process">E-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RA-4_process" title="RA-4 process">RA-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-14_process" title="K-14 process">K-14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastman_Color_Negative" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastman Color Negative">Eastman Color Negative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastman_Color_Positive" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastman Color Positive">Eastman Color Positive</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Kodak_Workers" title="Union of Kodak Workers">Union of Kodak Workers</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/You_Press_the_Button,_We_Do_the_Rest" title="You Press the Button, We Do the Rest">You Press the Button, We Do the Rest</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Kodak_sponsorships" title="Category:Kodak sponsorships">Sponsorships</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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