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href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Уикипедия" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-bg.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.3125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Свободната енциклопедия" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-bg.svg" width="120" height="12" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.75em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A2%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5" class="cdx-button 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<input type="hidden" name="title" value="Специални:Търсене"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Търсене</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Лични инструменти"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Облик"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Облик" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Облик</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bg.wikipedia.org&uselang=bg" class=""><span>Направете дарение</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1" title="Насърчаваме Ви да си създадете сметка и да влезете, въпреки че не е задължително." class=""><span>Създаване на сметка</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&returnto=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1" title="Препоръчваме Ви да влезете, въпреки, че не е задължително. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Влизане</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Допълнителни опции" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Лични инструменти" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Лични инструменти</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Потребителско меню" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bg.wikipedia.org&uselang=bg"><span>Направете дарение</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1" title="Насърчаваме Ви да си създадете сметка и да влезете, въпреки че не е задължително."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Създаване на сметка</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&returnto=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1" title="Препоръчваме Ви да влезете, въпреки, че не е задължително. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Влизане</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Страници за излезли от системата редактори <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%89:%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" aria-label="Научете повече за редактирането"><span>научете повече</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Списък на промените, направени от този IP адрес [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Приноси</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Дискусия относно редакциите от този адрес [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Беседа</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Съдържание" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Съдържание</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">скриване</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Начало</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Зъбна_формула" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Зъбна_формула"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Зъбна формула</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Зъбна_формула-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Превключване на подраздел Зъбна формула</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Зъбна_формула-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Зъбни_формули_при_някои_видове" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Зъбни_формули_при_някои_видове"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Зъбни формули при някои видове</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Зъбни_формули_при_някои_видове-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Строеж_на_зъба" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Строеж_на_зъба"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Строеж на зъба</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Строеж_на_зъба-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Зъби_при_човека" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Зъби_при_човека"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Зъби при човека</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Зъби_при_човека-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Превключване на подраздел Зъби при човека</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Зъби_при_човека-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Временни_(млечни)_зъби" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Временни_(млечни)_зъби"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Временни (млечни) зъби</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Временни_(млечни)_зъби-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Постоянни_зъби" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Постоянни_зъби"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Постоянни зъби</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Постоянни_зъби-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Хигиена_на_зъбите" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Хигиена_на_зъбите"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Хигиена на зъбите</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Хигиена_на_зъбите-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Превключване на подраздел Хигиена на зъбите</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Хигиена_на_зъбите-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Фази_на_почистване_на_устната_кухина" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Фази_на_почистване_на_устната_кухина"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Фази на почистване на устната кухина</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Фази_на_почистване_на_устната_кухина-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Вредни_храни_и_напитки_за_зъбите" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Вредни_храни_и_напитки_за_зъбите"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Вредни храни и напитки за зъбите</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Вредни_храни_и_напитки_за_зъбите-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Източници" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Източници"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Източници</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Източници-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Съдържание" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Скриване/показване на съдържанието" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Скриване/показване на съдържанието</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Зъб</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Към статията на друг език. Налична на 144 езика" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-144" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">144 езика</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tand" title="Tand – африканс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Tand" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африканс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zahn" title="Zahn – швейцарски немски" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Zahn" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарски немски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%A5%E1%88%AD%E1%88%B5" title="ጥርስ – амхарски" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ጥርስ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амхарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wadis" title="Wadis – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Wadis" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dient" title="Dient – арагонски" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Dient" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C5%8D%C3%BE" title="Tōþ – староанглийски" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Tōþ" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="староанглийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86" title="سن – арабски" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%AB%DC%A2%DC%90" title="ܫܢܐ – арамейски" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܫܢܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="арамейски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%81%E0%A6%A4" title="দাঁত – асамски" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="দাঁত" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="асамски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diente" title="Diente – астурски" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Diente" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wipit" title="Wipit – атикамеку" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Wipit" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="атикамеку" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laka_ch%27aka" title="Laka ch'aka – аймара" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Laka ch'aka" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="аймара" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Di%C5%9F" title="Diş – азербайджански" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Diş" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigi" title="Gigi – балийски" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Gigi" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="балийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zand" title="Zand – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Zand" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dont%C4%97s" title="Dontės – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Dontės" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngipon" title="Ngipon – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Ngipon" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bdr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bdr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impon" title="Impon – West Coast Bajau" lang="bdr" hreflang="bdr" data-title="Impon" data-language-autonym="Bajau Sama" data-language-local-name="West Coast Bajau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bajau Sama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8B" title="Зубы – беларуски" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Зубы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="беларуски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8B" title="Зубы – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Зубы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%81%E0%A6%A4" title="দাঁত – бенгалски" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="দাঁত" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dant" title="Dant – бретонски" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Dant" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zub" title="Zub – босненски" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Zub" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босненски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dent" title="Dent – каталонски" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dent" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C4%81i" title="Ngāi – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ngāi" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngipon" title="Ngipon – себуански" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Ngipon" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="себуански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denti" title="Denti – корсикански" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Denti" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="корсикански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zub" title="Zub – чешки" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zub" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%99%80%D1%AB%D0%B1%D1%8A" title="Ꙁѫбъ – църковнославянски" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Ꙁѫбъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="църковнославянски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dant" title="Dant – уелски" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Dant" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="уелски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tand" title="Tand – датски" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tand" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="датски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyini(_nyina)" title="Nyini( nyina) – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Nyini( nyina)" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zahn" title="Zahn – немски" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Zahn" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C4%B1ndan" title="Dından – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Dından" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tooth" title="Tooth – английски" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Tooth" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="английски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dento" title="Dento – есперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Dento" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="есперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diente" title="Diente – испански" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Diente" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hambad" title="Hambad – естонски" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hambad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="естонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hortz" title="Hortz – баски" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hortz" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="دندان – персийски" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دندان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammas" title="Hammas – фински" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hammas" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammas" title="Hammas – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Hammas" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bati" title="Bati – фиджийски" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Bati" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="фиджийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dent" title="Dent – френски" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dent" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="френски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosk" title="Tosk – западнофризийски" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Tosk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="западнофризийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiacail" title="Fiacail – ирландски" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Fiacail" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A3i" title="Tãi – гуарани" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tãi" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="гуарани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dungito" title="Dungito – горонтало" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Dungito" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="горонтало" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C3%A0-chh%E1%B9%B3%CC%81" title="Ngà-chhṳ́ – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Ngà-chhṳ́" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%9F" title="שן – иврит" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%A4" title="दाँत – хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="दाँत" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fog" title="Fog – унгарски" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Fog" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="унгарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B4" title="Ատամ – арменски" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ատամ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="арменски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dente" title="Dente – интерлингва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Dente" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="интерлингва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngeli" title="Ngeli – ибан" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Ngeli" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="ибан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigi" title="Gigi – индонезийски" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gigi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ez%C3%A9" title="Ezé – игбо" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ezé" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="игбо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B6nn" title="Tönn – исландски" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Tönn" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dente" title="Dente – италиански" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dente" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италиански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%AF" title="歯 – японски" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="歯" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Untu" title="Untu – явански" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Untu" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="явански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="კბილი – грузински" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კბილი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tis" title="Tis – каракалпашки" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Tis" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="каракалпашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tu%C9%A3mest" title="Tuɣmest – кабилски" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tuɣmest" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="кабилски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1nyung" title="A̱nyung – туап" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱nyung" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="туап" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinu" title="Dinu – конгоански" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Dinu" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="конгоански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ipon" title="Ipon – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Ipon" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%96%D1%81" title="Тіс – казахски" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тіс" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%81" title="ಹಲ್ಲು – каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಹಲ್ಲು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4_(%EB%AA%B8)" title="이 (몸) – корейски" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이 (몸)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корейски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diran" title="Diran – кюрдски" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Diran" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="кюрдски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Пинь – коми" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Пинь" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="коми" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%88" title="Тиш – киргизки" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Тиш" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="киргизки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dens" title="Dens – латински" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Dens" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zant" title="Zant – люксембургски" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Zant" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембургски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%87%D1%87%D0%B8" title="Ккарччи – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Ккарччи" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tandj" title="Tandj – лимбургски" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Tandj" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лимбургски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dent" title="Dent – ломбардски" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Dent" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="ломбардски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dantis" title="Dantis – литовски" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Dantis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литовски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zobi" title="Zobi – латвийски" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Zobi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латвийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nify" title="Nify – малгашки" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Nify" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малгашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1" title="Заб – македонски" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Заб" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8D" title="പല്ല് – малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പല്ല്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D2%AF%D0%B4" title="Шүд – монголски" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Шүд" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="монголски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%9A%E1%80%B1%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA" title="ၚေက် – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="ၚေက်" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigi" title="Gigi – малайски" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Gigi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%BD%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="သွား – бирмански" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သွား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирмански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%A4" title="दाँत – непалски" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="दाँत" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE_(%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80)" title="वा (एनाटोमी) – неварски" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="वा (एनाटोमी)" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="неварски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/If%C3%B6_Niha" title="Ifö Niha – ниас" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Ifö Niha" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="ниас" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tand" title="Tand – нидерландски" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tand" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tann" title="Tann – норвежки (нюношк)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tann" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="норвежки (нюношк)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tann" title="Tann – норвежки (букмол)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tann" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежки (букмол)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dent" title="Dent – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Dent" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dent" title="Dent – окситански" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Dent" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A6" title="ਦੰਦ – пенджабски" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਦੰਦ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="пенджабски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngipen" title="Ngipen – пангасинан" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Ngipen" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="пангасинан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ipan" title="Ipan – пампанга" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Ipan" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="пампанга" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaah" title="Zaah – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Zaah" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C4%99by" title="Zęby – полски" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Zęby" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="полски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%86%D8%AF" title="دند – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="دند" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%A7%DA%9A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87" title="غاښونه – пущу" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="غاښونه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пущу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiru" title="Kiru – кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kiru" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinte" title="Dinte – румънски" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Dinte" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румънски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinti" title="Dinti – арумънски" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Dinti" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="арумънски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D1%83%D0%B1_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Зуб (биология) – руски" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Зуб (биология)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%B0%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B4%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱰᱟᱴᱟ – сантали" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱰᱟᱴᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="сантали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denti" title="Denti – сицилиански" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Denti" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сицилиански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuith" title="Tuith – шотландски" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Tuith" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шотландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%8F%D9%86%D8%AF" title="ڏند – синдхи" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڏند" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axs" title="Axs – ташелхит" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Axs" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="ташелхит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tooth" title="Tooth – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Tooth" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zub" title="Zub – словашки" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Zub" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zob" title="Zob – словенски" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Zob" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilig" title="Ilig – сомалийски" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Ilig" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="сомалийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dh%C3%ABmbi" title="Dhëmbi – албански" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Dhëmbi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D1%83%D0%B1" title="Зуб – сръбски" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Зуб" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сръбски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huntu" title="Huntu – сундански" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Huntu" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сундански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A4nder" title="Tänder – шведски" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tänder" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meno" title="Meno – суахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Meno" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/ngipen" title="ngipen – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="ngipen" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="பல் – тамилски" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамилски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Дандон – таджикски" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Дандон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таджикски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="ฟัน – тайски" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฟัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngipin" title="Ngipin – тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ngipin" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Di%C5%9F" title="Diş – турски" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Diş" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%88" title="Теш – татарски" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Теш" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Зуби – украински" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Зуби" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="دانت – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="دانت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tish" title="Tish – узбекски" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Tish" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%83ng" title="Răng – виетнамски" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Răng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="виетнамски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tand" title="Tand – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Tand" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tut" title="Tut – волапюк" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Tut" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="волапюк" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dint" title="Dint – валонски" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Dint" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="валонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngipon" title="Ngipon – варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ngipon" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%99%E9%BD%BF" title="牙齿 – ву китайски" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="牙齿" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву китайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izinyo" title="Izinyo – кхоса" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Izinyo" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="кхоса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="კიბირი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="კიბირი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ey%C3%ADn" title="Eyín – йоруба" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Eyín" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="йоруба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heuj" title="Heuj – зуанг" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Heuj" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="зуанг" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%85%E2%B5%9A%E2%B5%9A" title="ⴰⵅⵚⵚ – стандартен марокански тамазигт" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵅⵚⵚ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="стандартен марокански тамазигт" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%99%E9%BD%92" title="牙齒 – китайски" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="牙齒" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chh%C3%B9i-kh%C3%AD" title="Chhùi-khí – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chhùi-khí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%99" title="牙 – кантонски" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="牙" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q553#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Редактиране на междуезиковите препратки" class="wbc-editpage">Редактиране</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Именни пространства"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1" title="Преглед на основната страница [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Статия</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0:%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Беседа за страницата (страницата не съществува) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Беседа</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Промяна на езиковия вариант" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">български</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Прегледи"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1"><span>Преглед</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&veaction=edit" title="Редактиране на страницата [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Редактиране</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&action=edit" title="Редактиране на изходния код на страницата [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Редактиране на кода</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&action=history" title="Предишни версии на страницата [h]" accesskey="h"><span>История</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Инструменти" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Инструменти</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Инструменти</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">скриване</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Допълнителни опции" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Действия </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1"><span>Преглед</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&veaction=edit" title="Редактиране на страницата [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Редактиране</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&action=edit" title="Редактиране на изходния код на страницата [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Редактиране на кода</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&action=history"><span>История</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Основни </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC/%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1" title="Списък на всички страници, сочещи насам [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Какво сочи насам</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8/%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1" rel="nofollow" title="Последните промени на страници, сочени от тази страница [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Свързани промени</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/MediaWiki:Uploadtext" title="Качи файлове [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Качване на файл</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Списък на всички специални страници [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Специални страници</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&oldid=12051598" title="Постоянна препратка към тази версия на страницата"><span>Постоянна препратка</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&action=info" title="Повече за тази страница"><span>Информация за страницата</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&page=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&id=12051598&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Информация за начините за цитиране на тази страница"><span>Цитиране на статията</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbg.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%2597%25D1%258A%25D0%25B1"><span>Кратък URL адрес</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbg.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%2597%25D1%258A%25D0%25B1"><span>Изтегляне на QR код</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Отпечатване/изнасяне </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1"><span>Създаване на книга</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&action=show-download-screen"><span>Изтегляне като PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&printable=yes" title="Версия за печат на страницата [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Версия за печат</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> В други проекти </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Tooth" hreflang="en"><span>Общомедия</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a 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title="Зъби">Зъби</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="bg" dir="ltr"><p><b>Зъбите</b> (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Латински език">латински</a>: <span lang="la" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">dens</span>, мн. ч. <i>dentes</i>) са многобройни костоподобни образувания в <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Устна кухина">устната кухина</a>, които служат за разкъсване на храната и първичната ѝ механична обработка. При <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="Животно">животните</a> служат и като оръжие за защита и нападение. Участват в образуването на звуците от <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%87" title="Реч">речта</a>. </p><p>Постоянните зъби при човека са 32 бр., а временните млечни – 20 бр. </p><p>Зъбите се разполагат в два реда – <b>горна зъбна редица</b> (по <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Анатомични термини за местоположение">латералния</a> ръб на двете <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%81%D1%82" title="Горна челюст">горночелюстни</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Резец">резцови</a> кости) и <b>долна зъбна редица</b> (по <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Анатомични термини за местоположение">дорзалния</a> ръб на <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%81%D1%82" title="Долна челюст">долната челюст</a>). </p><p>При <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Бозайници">бозайниците</a> има четири основни вида зъби, в зависимост от тяхната преобладаваща функция: </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Pies-uzebienie.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Pies-uzebienie.gif/220px-Pies-uzebienie.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Pies-uzebienie.gif/330px-Pies-uzebienie.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Pies-uzebienie.gif/440px-Pies-uzebienie.gif 2x" data-file-width="455" data-file-height="411" /></a><figcaption>Зъби на куче: 1, 2, 3 - резци, 4 - кучешки зъби, 5 - предкътници, 6 - кътници.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b>резци</b> (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Латински език">латински</a>: <span lang="la" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">dentes incisivi</span>) – служат за захапване и отрязване/откъсване на хапката;</li> <li><b>кучешки</b> (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Латински език">латински</a>: <span lang="la" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">dentes canini</span>) – забиват се в хапката при нейното захващане и служат за задържане, докато тя бъде откъсната. Кучешките зъби са най-добре развити и функционално натоварени при хищниците. При тревопасните животни кучешките зъби липсват или изникват само при мъжкарите.</li> <li><b>предкътници</b> (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Латински език">латински</a>: <span lang="la" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">dentes premolares</span>) – служат за механично раздробяване на хапката.</li> <li><b>кътници</b> (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Латински език">латински</a>: <span lang="la" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">dentes molares</span>) служат за механично раздробяване на хапката. <ul><li><i>мъдреци</i> – последните четири кътника при човека се наричат така, защото изникват при завършването на физическото му развитие.</li></ul></li></ul> <p>Зъбите са <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Анатомични термини за местоположение">билатерално</a> симетрични органи – броят и местоположението на различните видове зъби от лявата страна на всяка зъбна редица съответства на броя и местоположението на зъбите от дясната страна. </p><p>По време на <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Ембрион">ембрионалното</a> развитие на бозайниците и след раждането им изникват т. нар. <i>млечни</i> или <b>временни зъби</b> – на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Латински език">латински</a>: <span lang="la" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">dentes temporales</span>. В периода между 6 – 7 и 12 – 13 годишна възраст временното съзъбие се замества с постоянно. След 16 – 18 годишна възраст започва пробивът на мъдреците. <sup id="cite_ref-prives_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-prives-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Cavities_evolution_1_of_5_ArtLibre_jnl.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Cavities_evolution_1_of_5_ArtLibre_jnl.png/160px-Cavities_evolution_1_of_5_ArtLibre_jnl.png" decoding="async" width="160" height="241" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Cavities_evolution_1_of_5_ArtLibre_jnl.png/240px-Cavities_evolution_1_of_5_ArtLibre_jnl.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Cavities_evolution_1_of_5_ArtLibre_jnl.png/320px-Cavities_evolution_1_of_5_ArtLibre_jnl.png 2x" data-file-width="428" data-file-height="646" /></a><figcaption>Вътрешен строеж на човешки кътник.</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Зъбна_формула"><span id=".D0.97.D1.8A.D0.B1.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D1.84.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.BC.D1.83.D0.BB.D0.B0"></span>Зъбна формула</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Редактиране на раздел: Зъбна формула" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Зъбна формула"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Зъбната формула е съкратен начин за записване на броя и видовете временни и постоянни зъби при различните <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B4_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Вид (биология)">видове</a>, който се ползва от специалисти – биолози, стоматолози, лекари и др. </p><p>Разширеният начин за записване на зъбната формула на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Човек">човека</a> е: </p><p><b>Човек J</b> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {2(2)}{2(2)}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {2(2)}{2(2)}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2565fd72b0935c8c27375db18f664e0578a7efed" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.671ex; width:4.97ex; height:6.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {2(2)}{2(2)}}}"></span> <b>C</b> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {1(1)}{1(1)}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {1(1)}{1(1)}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2361400dce43ce0b1d6772e3d727aa7af6c4af73" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.671ex; width:4.97ex; height:6.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {1(1)}{1(1)}}}"></span> <b>P</b> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {2(2)}{2(2)}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {2(2)}{2(2)}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2565fd72b0935c8c27375db18f664e0578a7efed" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.671ex; width:4.97ex; height:6.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {2(2)}{2(2)}}}"></span> <b>M</b> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {3}{3}}=32(20)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>3</mn> <mn>3</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>32</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>20</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {3}{3}}=32(20)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/96635cd35e38b621dabcf72819d63bd6f84a684f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:11.556ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {3}{3}}=32(20)}"></span> </p><p>Тя се разчита така: </p> <ul><li><b>J – резци</b> (dentes incisivi) <ul><li>над дробната черта – в горната зъбна редица отляво (или отдясно) два постоянни, а до изникването им – два млечни (в скоби);</li> <li>под дробната черта – в долната зъбна редица отляво (или отдясно) два постоянни, а до изникването им – два млечни (в скоби);</li></ul></li> <li><b>C – кучешки</b> (dentes canini) <ul><li>над дробната черта – в горната зъбна редица отляво (или отдясно) един постоянен, а до изникването му – един млечен (в скоби);</li> <li>под дробната черта – в долната зъбна редица отляво (или отдясно) два постоянни, а до изникването му – един млечен (в скоби);</li></ul></li> <li><b>P – предкътници</b> (dentes premolares) <ul><li>над дробната черта – в горната зъбна редица отляво (или отдясно) два постоянни, а до изникването им – два млечни (в скоби);</li> <li>под дробната черта – в долната зъбна редица отляво (или отдясно) два постоянни, а до изникването им – два млечни (в скоби);</li></ul></li> <li><b>M – кътници</b> (dentes molares) <ul><li>над дробната черта – в горната зъбна редица отляво (или отдясно) три постоянни;</li> <li>под дробната черта – в долната зъбна редица отляво (или отдясно) три постоянни;</li></ul></li> <li><b>= 32 (20)</b> – общият брой на постоянните зъби е тридесет и два, а на временните – двадесет (в скоби).</li></ul> <p>Съкратеното записване на същата зъбната формула е: </p><p><b>Човек</b> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {2(2).1(1).2(2).3}{2(2).1(1).2(2).3}}=32(20)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.3</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.3</mn> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>32</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>20</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {2(2).1(1).2(2).3}{2(2).1(1).2(2).3}}=32(20)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e8d1088c351ec6c7a157e5332d5bf7f66564ae7b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.671ex; width:25.899ex; height:6.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {2(2).1(1).2(2).3}{2(2).1(1).2(2).3}}=32(20)}"></span> </p><p>Когато не изникват определен вид млечни зъби, не е задължително да се записва 0 на тяхното място. Но ако при някой <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B4_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Вид (биология)">вид</a> не изниква определен тип постоянни зъби, на мястото му в зъбната формула задължително се изписва 0 или се оставя интервал. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Зъбни_формули_при_някои_видове"><span id=".D0.97.D1.8A.D0.B1.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D1.84.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.BC.D1.83.D0.BB.D0.B8_.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.B8_.D0.BD.D1.8F.D0.BA.D0.BE.D0.B8_.D0.B2.D0.B8.D0.B4.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.B5"></span>Зъбни формули при някои видове</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Редактиране на раздел: Зъбни формули при някои видове" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Зъбни формули при някои видове"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Cross_sections_of_teeth_ru.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Cross_sections_of_teeth_ru.svg/320px-Cross_sections_of_teeth_ru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="320" height="278" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Cross_sections_of_teeth_ru.svg/480px-Cross_sections_of_teeth_ru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Cross_sections_of_teeth_ru.svg/640px-Cross_sections_of_teeth_ru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="745" data-file-height="648" /></a><figcaption>Строеж на човешки зъб</figcaption></figure> <p><b><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Кон">Кон</a></b> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {3(3).1(0).4(3).3}{3(3).1(0).3(3).3}}=42(24)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.4</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.3</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.3</mn> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>42</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>24</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {3(3).1(0).4(3).3}{3(3).1(0).3(3).3}}=42(24)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4a2fac3cd96fcc392b9d2c12947b4f89981493a3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.671ex; width:25.899ex; height:6.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {3(3).1(0).4(3).3}{3(3).1(0).3(3).3}}=42(24)}"></span> </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE" title="Домашно говедо">Говедо</a></b> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {0(0).0(0).3(3).3}{4(4).0(0).3(3).3}}=32(20)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.0</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.3</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.0</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.3</mn> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>32</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>20</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {0(0).0(0).3(3).3}{4(4).0(0).3(3).3}}=32(20)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f42a159a7d37490256c4a1ec4e572e75c6496797" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.671ex; width:25.899ex; height:6.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {0(0).0(0).3(3).3}{4(4).0(0).3(3).3}}=32(20)}"></span> </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B2%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Овца">Овца</a></b> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {0(0).0(0).3(3).3}{4(4).0(0).3(3).3}}=32(20)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.0</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.3</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.0</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.3</mn> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>32</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>20</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {0(0).0(0).3(3).3}{4(4).0(0).3(3).3}}=32(20)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f42a159a7d37490256c4a1ec4e572e75c6496797" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.671ex; width:25.899ex; height:6.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {0(0).0(0).3(3).3}{4(4).0(0).3(3).3}}=32(20)}"></span> </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Свиня">Свиня</a></b> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {4(4).1(1).4(3).3}{4(4).1(4).4(3).3}}=44(32)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.4</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.3</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.4</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.3</mn> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>44</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>32</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {4(4).1(1).4(3).3}{4(4).1(4).4(3).3}}=44(32)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8ca1053b02bd0f878fa42cd7f4a32625b7a2a8f3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.671ex; width:25.899ex; height:6.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {4(4).1(1).4(3).3}{4(4).1(4).4(3).3}}=44(32)}"></span> </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5" title="Куче">Куче</a></b> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {3(3).1(1).4(3).2}{3(3).1(1).4(3).3}}=42(28)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.4</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.2</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.4</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.3</mn> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>42</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>28</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {3(3).1(1).4(3).2}{3(3).1(1).4(3).3}}=42(28)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9e6c6a887bba71e94e7b3bb84c3c9480ffc5c32e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.671ex; width:25.899ex; height:6.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {3(3).1(1).4(3).2}{3(3).1(1).4(3).3}}=42(28)}"></span> </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Котка">Котка</a></b> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {3(3).1(1).3(3).1}{3(3).1(1).2(2).1}}=30(26)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.1</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mn>.1</mn> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>30</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>26</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {3(3).1(1).3(3).1}{3(3).1(1).2(2).1}}=30(26)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7d4f6ed1b067ee7535d9e2cea42db580ee301fe0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.671ex; width:25.899ex; height:6.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {3(3).1(1).3(3).1}{3(3).1(1).2(2).1}}=30(26)}"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Строеж_на_зъба"><span id=".D0.A1.D1.82.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.B5.D0.B6_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D0.B7.D1.8A.D0.B1.D0.B0"></span>Строеж на зъба</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Редактиране на раздел: Строеж на зъба" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Строеж на зъба"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>На зъба ясно се различават три добре обособени части: </p> <ul><li>клинична корона (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Латински език">латински</a>: <span lang="la" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">calix dentis</span>) – видимата част на зъба; <ul><li>зъбна кутикула (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Латински език">латински</a>: <span lang="la" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">cuspis dentis</span>) – намира се върху <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Зъбна корона (страницата не съществува)">короната</a></li></ul></li> <li>зъбна шийка (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Латински език">латински</a>: <span lang="la" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">collum dentis</span>) – терминалната част на клиничната корона, завършваща на нивото на гингивалния (венечен) ръб – между короната и корена;</li> <li>корен/и (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Латински език">латински</a>: <span lang="la" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">radix dentis</span>) – могат да бъдат един или няколко; разполагат се в съответстващо легло (алвеола), в <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Челюстни кости (страницата не съществува)">челюстните кости</a> <ul><li>апикален отвор (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Латински език">латински</a>: <span lang="la" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">foramen apicis dentis</span>) – през него навлизат кръвоносните съдове и нерви, които осъществяват трофичната и сетивна функция на зъба.</li></ul></li></ul> <p>Зъбът е изграден от: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB" title="Зъбен емайл">зъбен емайл</a> (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Латински език">латински</a>: <span lang="la" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">enamelum</span>) – най-външен слой;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Дентин">дентин</a> (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Латински език">латински</a>: <span lang="la" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">dentinum</span>) – междинен (среден) слой;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Зъбна пулпа">зъбна пулпа</a> (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Латински език">латински</a>: <span lang="la" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">pulpa</span>) – вътрешна съединително-тъканна обвивка, „виталната“ част на зъба. В нея се намират:</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пулпна артерия (страницата не съществува)">пулпна артерия</a> (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Латински език">латински</a>: <span lang="la" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">arteria pulpae</span>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пулпна вена (страницата не съществува)">пулпна вена</a> (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Латински език">латински</a>: <span lang="la" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">vena pulpae</span>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пулпен нерв (страницата не съществува)">пулпен нерв</a> (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Латински език">латински</a>: <span lang="la" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">nervus pulpae</span>)</li> <li>Околовръстно на корена се разполага зъбният цимент (cementum). Зъбът и прилежащите към него тъкани (периодонтално пространство, колагенови влакна и зъбна алвеола) формират неговия периодонциум.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Зъби_при_човека"><span id=".D0.97.D1.8A.D0.B1.D0.B8_.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.B8_.D1.87.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.B5.D0.BA.D0.B0"></span>Зъби при човека</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Редактиране на раздел: Зъби при човека" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Зъби при човека"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Временни_(млечни)_зъби"><span id=".D0.92.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.BC.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.BD.D0.B8_.28.D0.BC.D0.BB.D0.B5.D1.87.D0.BD.D0.B8.29_.D0.B7.D1.8A.D0.B1.D0.B8"></span>Временни (млечни) зъби</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Редактиране на раздел: Временни (млечни) зъби" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Временни (млечни) зъби"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center"><b>Залагане на зародишите при временните зъби при човека</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center">име на зъба</td> <td style="text-align:center">номер на зъба</td> <td style="text-align:center">залагане на зъбния зародиш /ембрионална седмица/ </td></tr> <tr> <td>Резци</td> <td style="text-align:center">I</td> <td>7 ембрионална седмица </td></tr> <tr> <td>Резци</td> <td style="text-align:center">II</td> <td>7 ембрионална седмица </td></tr> <tr> <td>Кучешки</td> <td style="text-align:center">III</td> <td>8 ембрионална седмица </td></tr> <tr> <td>Кътници</td> <td style="text-align:center">IV</td> <td>7,5 ембрионална седмица </td></tr> <tr> <td>Кътници</td> <td style="text-align:center">V</td> <td>10 ембрионална седмица </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Изникване на временните зъби при човека: </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center"><b>Горни временни зъби</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center">име на зъба</td> <td style="text-align:center">номер на зъба</td> <td style="text-align:center">възраст на изникване </td></tr> <tr> <td>Резци</td> <td style="text-align:center">I</td> <td>8 – 13 месец </td></tr> <tr> <td>Резци</td> <td style="text-align:center">II</td> <td>8 – 13 месец </td></tr> <tr> <td>Кучешки</td> <td style="text-align:center">III</td> <td>16 – 23 месец </td></tr> <tr> <td>Кътници</td> <td style="text-align:center">IV</td> <td>13 – 19 месец </td></tr> <tr> <td>Кътници</td> <td style="text-align:center">V</td> <td>25 – 33 месец </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center"><b>Долни временни зъби</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center">име на зъба</td> <td style="text-align:center">номер на зъба</td> <td style="text-align:center">възраст на изникване </td></tr> <tr> <td>Резци</td> <td style="text-align:center">I</td> <td>6 – 10 месец </td></tr> <tr> <td>Резци</td> <td style="text-align:center">II</td> <td>10 – 16 месец </td></tr> <tr> <td>Кучешки</td> <td style="text-align:center">III</td> <td>16 – 23 месец </td></tr> <tr> <td>Кътници</td> <td style="text-align:center">IV</td> <td>13 – 19 месец </td></tr> <tr> <td>Кътници</td> <td style="text-align:center">V</td> <td>23 – 31 месец </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Постоянни_зъби"><span id=".D0.9F.D0.BE.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.8F.D0.BD.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.B7.D1.8A.D0.B1.D0.B8"></span>Постоянни зъби</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Редактиране на раздел: Постоянни зъби" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Постоянни зъби"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center"><b>Залагане на зародишите на постоянните зъби при човека</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center">име на зъба</td> <td style="text-align:center">номер на зъба</td> <td style="text-align:center">образуване на зародиш /ембрионален месец/ </td></tr> <tr> <td>Първи кътник</td> <td style="text-align:center">6</td> <td>4 ембрионален месец </td></tr> <tr> <td>Централен резец</td> <td style="text-align:center">1</td> <td>5 ембрионален месец </td></tr> <tr> <td>Страничен резец</td> <td style="text-align:center">2</td> <td>5 ембрионален месец </td></tr> <tr> <td>Първи предкътник (лъжеепирско зъбче)</td> <td style="text-align:center">4</td> <td>Около раждането. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Втори предкътник (епирско зъбче)</td> <td style="text-align:center">5</td> <td>8 месец </td></tr> <tr> <td>Кучешки</td> <td style="text-align:center">3</td> <td>5,5 ембрионален месец </td></tr> <tr> <td>Втори кътник</td> <td style="text-align:center">7</td> <td>9 месец </td></tr> <tr> <td>Мъдреци</td> <td style="text-align:center">8</td> <td>Най-често към 16 – 18 години, като може да пробиват и години по-късно или изобщо да не пробият. </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Изникване на постоянните зъби при човека: </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center"><b>Горни постоянни зъби</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center">име на зъба</td> <td style="text-align:center">номер на зъба</td> <td style="text-align:center">възраст на изникване </td></tr> <tr> <td>Първи кътник</td> <td style="text-align:center">6</td> <td>6 – 7 години </td></tr> <tr> <td>Централен резец</td> <td style="text-align:center">1</td> <td>7 – 8 години </td></tr> <tr> <td>Страничен резец</td> <td style="text-align:center">2</td> <td>8 – 9 години </td></tr> <tr> <td>Първи предкътник (лъжеепирско зъбче)</td> <td style="text-align:center">4</td> <td>10 – 12 години </td></tr> <tr> <td>Втори предкътник (епирско зъбче)</td> <td style="text-align:center">5</td> <td>10 – 12 години </td></tr> <tr> <td>Кучешки</td> <td style="text-align:center">3</td> <td>11 – 12 години </td></tr> <tr> <td>Втори кътник</td> <td style="text-align:center">7</td> <td>12 – 13 години </td></tr> <tr> <td>Мъдреци</td> <td style="text-align:center">8</td> <td>17 – 21 години </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center"><b>Долни постоянни зъби</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center">име на зъба</td> <td style="text-align:center">номер на зъба</td> <td style="text-align:center">възраст на изникване </td></tr> <tr> <td>Първи кътник</td> <td style="text-align:center">6</td> <td>6 – 7 години </td></tr> <tr> <td>Централен резец</td> <td style="text-align:center">1</td> <td>6 – 7 години </td></tr> <tr> <td>Страничен резец</td> <td style="text-align:center">2</td> <td>9 – 10 години </td></tr> <tr> <td>Първи предкътник (лъжеепирско зъбче)</td> <td style="text-align:center">4</td> <td>10 – 11 години </td></tr> <tr> <td>Втори предкътник (епирско зъбче)</td> <td style="text-align:center">5</td> <td>10 – 11 години </td></tr> <tr> <td>Кучешки</td> <td style="text-align:center">3</td> <td>9 – 10 години </td></tr> <tr> <td>Втори кътник</td> <td style="text-align:center">7</td> <td>11 – 13 години </td></tr> <tr> <td>Мъдреци</td> <td style="text-align:center">8</td> <td>17 – 21 години </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Посочените данни са средностатистически. Отклонения в пробива на зъбите от 6 до 8 месеца се считат за норма. Съществуват и полови различия. При мъжкия пол се наблюдава по-често забавен пробив. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Хигиена_на_зъбите"><span id=".D0.A5.D0.B8.D0.B3.D0.B8.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D0.B7.D1.8A.D0.B1.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.B5"></span>Хигиена на зъбите</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Редактиране на раздел: Хигиена на зъбите" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Хигиена на зъбите"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Оралната среда е изключително богата на микроорганизми. Занемарената устна хигиена и нередовните консултации със специалист – лекар по дентална медицина, са най-честите причини за заболявания на твърдите зъбни тъкани и пародонта. Ежедневно, под действието на микроорганизмите в натрупаната зъбна плака, простите въглехидрати се разграждат до киселини, които причиняват деминерализация на твърдите зъбни тъкани и развитие на кариозен процес. Това задължава редовното почистване и отстраняване на плаковия биофилм по всички зъбни повърхности. Подходящи методи са употребата на твърда четка за зъби, флуорни зъбни пасти, конци за междузъбните пространства, води за изплакване на устата и провеждането на професионална орална хигиена поне 2 пъти годишно. Техниката за почистване на зъбите е от особено значение, както и броят на измиванията, използването на разтвори за изплакване, конци за зъби. Задължителна е подмяната на четката на всеки 3 месеца. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Фази_на_почистване_на_устната_кухина"><span id=".D0.A4.D0.B0.D0.B7.D0.B8_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D0.BF.D0.BE.D1.87.D0.B8.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B2.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B5_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D1.83.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BD.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.B0_.D0.BA.D1.83.D1.85.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B0"></span>Фази на почистване на устната кухина</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Редактиране на раздел: Фази на почистване на устната кухина" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Фази на почистване на устната кухина"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li>Четката трябва да се постави така, че заострените снопчета да са под ъгъл 45° и почистването трябва да започне от венеца към върха на зъба.</li> <li>Миенето на върховете на задните зъби трябва да става с кръгови движения.</li> <li>Вътрешните повърхности се почистват с движения нагоре-надолу.</li> <li>Заострените снопчета на четката за зъби се използват за почистване на дъвкателните повърхности, като миенето става внимателно напред-назад.</li> <li>Почистването на езика от основата към върха с помощта на приспособление помага да се отстранят бактериите и човек да се предпази от лош дъх.</li> <li>Препоръчително е почистването на зъбите с конец веднъж дневно. Това става като конецът се плъзга внимателно нагоре-надолу в междузъбното пространство, за да се отстранят остатъците от храна и плака.</li> <li>Слюнката премахва повечето патогени в устната кухина. Нощем при събуждане да се отдели слюнка и с езика да се разнесе по горни и долни зъби и венци чак до кътниците. При постоянство това ще излекува възпалени венци.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Вредни_храни_и_напитки_за_зъбите"><span id=".D0.92.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D1.85.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.B8_.D0.BD.D0.B0.D0.BF.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.BA.D0.B8_.D0.B7.D0.B0_.D0.B7.D1.8A.D0.B1.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.B5"></span>Вредни храни и напитки за зъбите</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Редактиране на раздел: Вредни храни и напитки за зъбите" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Вредни храни и напитки за зъбите"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Някои храни и напитки постепенно увреждат зъбите. Не се препоръчват междинни хранения, прекомерна консумация на <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Въглехидрати">въглехидрати</a> и <a href="/wiki/PH" class="mw-redirect" title="PH">продукти с висока киселинност</a>, дъвчащи храни, газирани и подсладени напитки. </p> <ul><li><b>Храни и напитки с висока киселинност</b>: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="Цитрусов плод">цитрусови плодове</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Лимонов сок (страницата не съществува)">лимонов сок</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Оцет">оцет</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Червена боровинка">червена боровинка</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Домат">домати</a>, газирани напитки и др. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Киселина">Киселинността</a> им може да причини непоправими щети на <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB" title="Зъбен емайл">зъбния емайл</a> и значително да увеличи чувствителността на зъбите. Може да се добавя по щипка <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Захар">захар</a> към яденето, за да се намали вредната киселинност.</li></ul> <ul><li>Продукти, които съдържат голямо количество <b><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Нишесте">нишесте</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B1" title="Хляб">хляб</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0" class="mw-disambig" title="Паста">паста</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Лазаня">лазаня</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Картоф">картофи</a>. Нишестето полепва по зъбите, благоприятства образуването на <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Зъбна плака">зъбна плака</a> и се преобразува в захари, които причиняват <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Кариес">кариес</a>.</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Дъвчащите <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Бонбони">бонбони</a> и сушени плодове</b> съдържат <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Захар">захар</a>, която полепва по зъбите. Тя образува кариеси и разваля емайла.</li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Пуканки">Пуканките</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%81" title="Чипс">чипсът</a></b> съдържат въглехидрати, които в контакт със слюнката образуват вредната за зъбите <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Глюкоза">глюкоза</a>, а тя създава риск от кариес. В пуканките има неизпукани зърна царевица, които могат да повредят пломбите и по-слабите зъби. Чипсът съдържа видове <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Брашно">брашно</a>, които могат да образуват зъбна плака.</li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Дъвка">Дъвката</a></b> има разрушително действие върху <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пломба (дентална медицина) (страницата не съществува)">пломбите</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_(%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0)" title="Корона (дентална медицина)">коронките</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82_(%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0)" title="Мост (дентална медицина)">мостовете</a> на зъбите.</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Вино.</b> <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Бяло вино">Бялото вино</a> намалява здравината на зъбния емайл. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Червено вино">Червеното вино</a> не се отразява на здравината на зъбите, но променя цвета им в неприятен сивкав нюанс.</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Боровинка">Боровинките</a> не оказват влияние върху здравината на зъбите, но прекаляването с тях може да промени цвета им.</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Чай">Чаят</a> трябва да е до 4 чаши на денонощие. Съдържа <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Флуор">флуориди</a>, които започват да вредят на зъбите при употреба на по-голямо количество. <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Източници"><span id=".D0.98.D0.B7.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.87.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.86.D0.B8"></span>Източници</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Редактиране на раздел: Източници" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Източници"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-prives-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-prives_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160314170432/https://books.google.ru/books?id=NM7-AgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=ru&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false">М. Г. Привес. Нормальная анатомия человека</a> //    Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.ru/books?id=NM7-AgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=ru&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false">оригинала</a> на 2016-03-14. Посетен на 2016-03-14.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nova.bg/galleries/view/2023/10/01/15403/продуктите-които-увреждат-зъбите/289721/">Продуктите, които увреждат зъбите</a>, Нова, 1 октомври 2023.</span> </li> </ol></div> <table cellspacing="0" class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="hlist hlist-big plainlinks navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Нормативен контрол<span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q553#identifiers" title="Редактиране в Уикиданни"><img alt="Редактиране в Уикиданни" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list nowraplinks navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/AATFullDisplay?find=&logic=AND&note=&subjectid=300400467">AAT</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11933861m">BNF</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4190486-2">GND</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007563350905171">NLI J9U</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85133203">LCCN</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00562741">NDL</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph127695">NKC</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="noprint nomobile navbox" style="font-size:100%; 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