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class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu nagusia" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu nagusia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header 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id="n-Txikipedia" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Txikipedia:Azala"><span>Txikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-Ikusgela" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Atari:Hezkuntza/Ikusgela"><span>Ikusgela</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Txokoa" title="Proiektuaren inguruan, zer egin dezakezu, non aurkitu nahi duzuna"><span>Txokoa</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:AzkenAldaketak" title="Wikiko azken aldaketen zerrenda. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Aldaketa berriak</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:Ausazkoa" title="Ausazko orrialde bat kargatu [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Ausazko orria</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Laguntza:Sarrera" title="Aurkitzeko lekua."><span>Laguntza</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Azala" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Entziklopedia askea" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-eu.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:Bilatu" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Wikipedia(e)n bilatu [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Bilatu</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Wikipedia wikian bilatu" aria-label="Wikipedia wikian bilatu" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Wikipedia(e)n bilatu [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Berezi:Bilatu"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Bilatu</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Tresna pertsonalak"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Itxura"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Itxura" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Itxura</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_eu.wikipedia.org&uselang=eu" class=""><span>Dohaintza egin</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:KontuaSortu&returnto=Aurreanplifikadore" title="Kontu bat sortu eta horrekin saioa hastea eskatu nahi genizuke; ez da ezinbestekoa, ordea." class=""><span>Sortu kontua</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:SaioaHasi&returnto=Aurreanplifikadore" title="Izen ematera gonbidatzen zaitugu. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Hasi saioa</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Aukera gehiago" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tresna pertsonalak" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tresna pertsonalak</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_eu.wikipedia.org&uselang=eu"><span>Dohaintza egin</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:KontuaSortu&returnto=Aurreanplifikadore" title="Kontu bat sortu eta horrekin saioa hastea eskatu nahi genizuke; ez da ezinbestekoa, ordea."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Sortu kontua</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:SaioaHasi&returnto=Aurreanplifikadore" title="Izen ematera gonbidatzen zaitugu. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Hasi saioa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Izena eman gabeko erabiltzaileentzako orrialdeak <a href="/wiki/Laguntza:Sarrera" aria-label="Artikuluak aldatzeari buruz gehiago ikasi"><span>gehiago ikasi</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:NireEkarpenak" title="IP helbide honetatik egindako aldaketen zerrenda [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Ekarpenak</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:NireEztabaida" title="Zure IParen eztabaida [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Eztabaida</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Gunea"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Edukiak" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Edukiak</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">⇑ Gora</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Portaera_analogikoa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Portaera_analogikoa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Portaera analogikoa</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Portaera_analogikoa-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Erakutsi/ezkutatu Portaera analogikoa azpiatal</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Portaera_analogikoa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tentsio-anplifikadorea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tentsio-anplifikadorea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Tentsio-anplifikadorea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tentsio-anplifikadorea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aplikazioak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aplikazioak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Aplikazioak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aplikazioak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Erreferentziak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erreferentziak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Erreferentziak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Erreferentziak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kanpo_estekak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kanpo_estekak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Kanpo estekak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kanpo_estekak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Edukiak" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Aurreanplifikadore</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Joan beste hizkuntza batean idatzitako artikulu batera. 27 hizkuntzatan eskuragarri." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 hizkuntza</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%AE%D9%85_%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" title="مضخم أولي – arabiera" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مضخم أولي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Предусилвател – bulgariera" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Предусилвател" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preamplificador" title="Preamplificador – katalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Preamplificador" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%99edzesilova%C4%8D" title="Předzesilovač – txekiera" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Předzesilovač" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txekiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forforst%C3%A6rker" title="Forforstærker – daniera" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Forforstærker" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vorverst%C3%A4rker" title="Vorverstärker – alemana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Vorverstärker" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preamplifier" title="Preamplifier – ingelesa" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Preamplifier" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ingelesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preamplificador" title="Preamplificador – gaztelania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Preamplificador" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="gaztelania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4%E2%80%8C%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D9%86%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87" title="پیش‌تقویت‌کننده – persiera" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیش‌تقویت‌کننده" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esivahvistin" title="Esivahvistin – finlandiera" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Esivahvistin" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A9amplificateur" title="Préamplificateur – frantsesa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Préamplificateur" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="frantsesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%93%D7%9D-%D7%9E%D7%92%D7%91%D7%A8" title="קדם-מגבר – hebreera" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קדם-מגבר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niskofrekventno_pretpoja%C4%8Dalo" title="Niskofrekventno pretpojačalo – kroaziera" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Niskofrekventno pretpojačalo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preamplificatore" title="Preamplificatore – italiera" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Preamplificatore" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%97%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%97" title="プリアンプ – japoniera" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="プリアンプ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC_%EC%95%B0%ED%94%84" title="프리 앰프 – koreera" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프리 앰프" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voorversterker" title="Voorversterker – nederlandera" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Voorversterker" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forforsterker" title="Forforsterker – bokmål (norvegiera)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Forforsterker" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Przedwzmacniacz" title="Przedwzmacniacz – poloniera" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Przedwzmacniacz" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A9-amplificador" title="Pré-amplificador – portugesa" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pré-amplificador" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Предусилитель – errusiera" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Предусилитель" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="errusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preamplifier" title="Preamplifier – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Preamplifier" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predzosil%C5%88ova%C4%8D" title="Predzosilňovač – eslovakiera" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Predzosilňovač" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovakiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B6rf%C3%B6rst%C3%A4rkare" title="Förförstärkare – suediera" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Förförstärkare" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suediera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre_amplifikat%C3%B6r" title="Pre amplifikatör – turkiera" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pre amplifikatör" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87" title="Попередній підсилювач – ukrainera" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Попередній підсилювач" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BB%81n_khu%E1%BA%BFch_%C4%91%E1%BA%A1i" title="Tiền khuếch đại – vietnamera" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiền khuếch đại" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q399804#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Aldatu hizkuntzen arteko loturak" class="wbc-editpage">Aldatu loturak</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Izen-tarteak"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aurreanplifikadore" title="Eduki orrialdea ikusi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikulua</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eztabaida:Aurreanplifikadore&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Artikuluari buruzko eztabaida (sortu gabe) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Eztabaida</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aldatu hizkuntza aldaera" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span 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title="Idatzi orri honen iturburu kodea [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aurreanplifikadore&action=history" title="Artikulu honen aurreko bertsioak. 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eu" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Audio_preamplifier_(5.1_channel).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Audio_preamplifier_%285.1_channel%29.jpg/220px-Audio_preamplifier_%285.1_channel%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Audio_preamplifier_%285.1_channel%29.jpg/330px-Audio_preamplifier_%285.1_channel%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Audio_preamplifier_%285.1_channel%29.jpg/440px-Audio_preamplifier_%285.1_channel%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2731" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>Aurreanplifikadore baten zirkuitu fisikoa</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Aurreanplifikadorea</b>, ingelesez <i>preamp</i> bezala ezagutzen dena, sarrerako <a href="/wiki/Seinale_analogiko" title="Seinale analogiko">seinale analogiko</a> ahul bat irteerako seinale indartsu bat bilakatzen duen <a href="/wiki/Anplifikadore_operazional" title="Anplifikadore operazional">anplifikadore</a> elektronikoa da. Seinalea <a href="/wiki/Zarata_(informatika)" title="Zarata (informatika)">zaratarekiko</a> sentikorra denean aurrerago prozesatu ahal izateko edo potentzia-anplifikadoreen bitartez bozgorailuetan erabili ahal izateko baliatzen da. Hori barik, amaierako seinalea zaratatsua edo <a href="/wiki/Distortsio" title="Distortsio">distortsionatua</a> izan daiteke. Oso erabiliak dira <a href="/wiki/Elektronika_analogiko" title="Elektronika analogiko">elektronika analogikoan</a>, batez ere, <a href="/wiki/Sentsore" title="Sentsore">sentsore</a> analogikoetatik eratorritako seinaleak anplifikatzen direnean; adibidez, <a href="/wiki/Mikrofono" title="Mikrofono">mikrofonoetan.</a> Horregatik, ohikoa izaten da aurreanplifikadorea sentsoreetatik gertu egotea, zaratek eta <a href="/wiki/Interferentzia" title="Interferentzia">interferentziek</a> ahalik eta eragin txikiena izan dezaten. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Portaera_analogikoa">Portaera analogikoa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aurreanplifikadore&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Portaera analogikoa»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aurreanplifikadore&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Portaera analogikoa"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aurreanplifikadore idealak linealak dira; <a href="/wiki/Irabazi_(elektronika)" title="Irabazi (elektronika)">irabazpena</a> konstantea da funtzionamendu-tartean. <a href="/wiki/Inpedantzia_elektriko" title="Inpedantzia elektriko">Sarrera-inpedantzia</a> altua da, <a href="/wiki/Korronte_elektriko" title="Korronte elektriko">korronte</a> txiki batekin sarrerako seinalea irakurri ahal izateko; irteera-inpedantzia, aldiz, txikia da, irteerako <a href="/wiki/Tentsio_(elektrizitatea)" title="Tentsio (elektrizitatea)">tentsioan</a> ahalik eta eragin txikiena izateko. Aurreanplifikadorea zirkuitu baten seinalearen intentsitatea handitzeko erabiltzen da, seinale hori garraiatzen duen kablean agertzen diren zaraten eraginen ondorioz agertzen den <a href="/w/index.php?title=Seinale/zarata_erlazioa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seinale/zarata erlazioa (sortu gabe)">seinale/zarata erlazioa</a> (Signal-to-Noise Ratio) nabarmen degradatu gabe. Hau da, transmititzen den seinalearen potentziaren eta zarataren potentziaren erlazioa hondatu gabe. </p><p>Aurreanplifikadore baten zarata-errendimendua kritikoa da. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Friis-en_formularen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friis-en formularen (sortu gabe)">Friis-en formularen</a> arabera, aurreanplifikadoreen irabazia handia denean, azken seinalearen SNRa (Signal-to-Noise Ratio) sarrerako seinalearen SNRa eta aurreanplifikadorearen seinale/zarata erlazioa zehazten da. Hots, aurreanplifikazioan geroz eta anplifikadore gehiago erabili, SNRa aldatu daiteke, aurreanplifikadoreen seinale/zarata erlazioa aldatu egiten baita. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Frijs-Kette.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Frijs-Kette"><img alt="Frijs-Kette" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Frijs-Kette.svg/270px-Frijs-Kette.svg.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Frijs-Kette.svg/405px-Frijs-Kette.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Frijs-Kette.svg/540px-Frijs-Kette.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="216" /></a><figcaption>Frijs-Kette</figcaption></figure><p>Oinarrizko lau anplifikadore mota bereizten dira<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tentsio_anplifikagailua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tentsio anplifikagailua (sortu gabe)">tentsio-anplifikadorea</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Korronte_anplifikagailu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Korronte anplifikagailu (sortu gabe)">korronte-anplifikadorea</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transkonduktantzia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transkonduktantzia (sortu gabe)">transkonduktantzia-anplifikadorea</a> eta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transresistantzia-anplifikagailua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transresistantzia-anplifikagailua (sortu gabe)">transresistentzia-anplifikadorea</a>. Normalean aurreanplifikadoreak tentsio-anplifikadoreetan oinarritzen dira. </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tentsio-anplifikadorea">Tentsio-anplifikadorea</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aurreanplifikadore&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Tentsio-anplifikadorea»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aurreanplifikadore&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Tentsio-anplifikadorea"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:G-parameter_voltage_amplifier.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/G-parameter_voltage_amplifier.PNG/352px-G-parameter_voltage_amplifier.PNG" decoding="async" width="352" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/G-parameter_voltage_amplifier.PNG/528px-G-parameter_voltage_amplifier.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/G-parameter_voltage_amplifier.PNG/704px-G-parameter_voltage_amplifier.PNG 2x" data-file-width="911" data-file-height="314" /></a><figcaption>Anplifikadore baten eskema</figcaption></figure> <p>Eredua tentsio kontrolatuko tentsio-iturri batean, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle A_{vo}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>v</mi> <mi>o</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle A_{vo}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/cb997f26d94d64a1dd9f3d469def67cc88ccf3c6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.57ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle A_{vo}}"></span> irabazpen-faktorean, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle R_{in}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle R_{in}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5edec68a2f49cfaeb96f15eb038ef00f98ee7a9b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.55ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle R_{in}}"></span> sarrera-erresistentzian eta <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle R_{out}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>o</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle R_{out}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2a7e068bb565c40c44db936d1400c475fb14a906" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:4.328ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle R_{out}}"></span> irteera-erresistentzian oinarritzen da. Anplifikazio-modelo hau <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle v_{s}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle v_{s}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5b59adb76ac7f03c89867f225a55fd4bbde0cbdd" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.131ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle v_{s}}"></span> <a href="/wiki/Tentsio_iturri" title="Tentsio iturri">tentsio-iturri</a> batekin elikatzen da, dagokion <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle R_{s}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle R_{s}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/19598a1629ee9016913aae8f0d3215dc4a030e9b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.767ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle R_{s}}"></span> erresistentzia duena, eta <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle R_{L}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>L</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle R_{L}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/51f4e411d3795354e8a787a6e62886dab56329e6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.116ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle R_{L}}"></span> zama-erresistentzia batera konektatua. Irteera-erresistentzia ia zero izango da eta irteerako seinalean aldaketa oso txikia izango du.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle v_{o}=A_{vo}v_{in}{\frac {R_{L}}{R_{L}+R_{}out}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>o</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>v</mi> <mi>o</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>L</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>L</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> </mrow> </msub> <mi>o</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle v_{o}=A_{vo}v_{in}{\frac {R_{L}}{R_{L}+R_{}out}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0437512f596efbc8e213aac68c377c58fcd6f121" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:23.592ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle v_{o}=A_{vo}v_{in}{\frac {R_{L}}{R_{L}+R_{}out}}}"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aplikazioak">Aplikazioak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aurreanplifikadore&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Aplikazioak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aurreanplifikadore&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Aplikazioak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Musika-arloan, anplifikadore baten lehen faseetan erabiltzen dira, ondoren potentzia-anplifikadore batera bidaltzen dena. <a href="/wiki/Musika_tresna" title="Musika tresna">Musika tresnen</a> anplifikadoreetan, aurreanplifikadorea diseinatuta egon daiteke <a href="/wiki/Saturazio" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Saturazio">saturazio</a> edo <a href="/wiki/Distortsio" title="Distortsio">distortsio</a> efektuak sortzeko.</li> <li>Zuzeneko musika eta grabazio-estudioko aplikazioetan, unitate bereizietan.</li> <li>Audioko <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nahasketa_mahaia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nahasketa mahaia (sortu gabe)">nahasketa-mahai</a> bateko kanal bereiziko edo kanal integratuko parte.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antena" title="Antena">Telebista-antena</a> edo <a href="/wiki/Antena_paraboliko" title="Antena paraboliko">antena parabolikoen</a> hartzaileen seinaleen anplifikazioan.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disko_gogor" title="Disko gogor">Disko gogorren</a> zirkuituetan, buru magnetikora konektatzeko edo CD/DVD unitate bat <a href="/wiki/Fotodiodo" title="Fotodiodo">fotodiodoetara</a> konektatzen den zirkuituetan.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS">CMOS konparatzaileetan</a> oinarritutako <a href="/wiki/Bihurgailu_analogiko/digital" title="Bihurgailu analogiko/digital">analogiko-digital bihurgailu</a> gehienetan bat ez datozen desplazamenduaren ondorioak baliogabetzeko erabiltzen den <a href="/wiki/Kommutadore_(elektrizitatea)" title="Kommutadore (elektrizitatea)">kommutaduran</a> oinarritutako kondentsadore-zirkuituetan.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Erreferentziak">Erreferentziak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aurreanplifikadore&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Erreferentziak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aurreanplifikadore&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Erreferentziak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><b>a</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><b>b</b></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFSedra2016">Sedra, Adel S..  (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/958224520"><i>Microelectronic circuits. </i></a> (International seventh edition. argitaraldia) <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/978-0-19-933914-3" title="Berezi:BookSources/978-0-19-933914-3">978-0-19-933914-3</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=958224520">958224520</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2021-11-17)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kanpo_estekak">Kanpo estekak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aurreanplifikadore&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Aldatu atal hau: 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