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.vn-container{-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;height:3rem;margin:0 auto;max-width:77.5rem;z-index:1}@media(min-width:64rem){.vn-wrapper .vn-container{height:4.6875rem}}.vn-wrapper .vn-container.lite{max-width:100%}@media(min-width:64rem){.vn-wrapper .vn-container.lite{height:3.5rem}}.vn-wrapper .vn-menu-btn{-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;background:none;border:0;color:#fff;cursor:pointer;display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;height:100%;line-height:1;padding:0}.vn-wrapper .vn-menu-btn:not(.lite){margin-right:1.166875rem}@media(min-width:64rem){.vn-wrapper .vn-menu-btn:not(.lite){margin-right:0}}.vn-wrapper .vn-menu-btn i{font-size:2.25rem;width:2.25rem;overflow:hidden}.vn-wrapper .vn-menu-btn svg{fill:currentColor;pointer-events:none}.vn-wrapper .vn-menu-btn.vn-search 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.vn-logo-container .vn-logo img:not(.lite){width:7.25rem}}.vn-wrapper .vn-logo-container.with-program .vn-logo img{height:.875rem}@media(min-width:64rem){.vn-wrapper .vn-logo-container.with-program .vn-logo img{height:1.4375rem}}.vn-wrapper .vn-logo-container.with-program .vn-prog-logo img{height:.9375rem}@media(min-width:64rem){.vn-wrapper .vn-logo-container.with-program .vn-prog-logo img{height:1.5625rem}}.vn-wrapper .vn-links{background:#f9f9fc;display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;height:calc(100vh - 3rem);left:-140vw;overflow:auto;padding:.5rem;position:fixed;top:3rem;-webkit-transition:left .5s ease;transition:left .5s ease;width:100%;z-index:100}@media(min-width:37.5rem){.vn-wrapper .vn-links{max-width:25rem}}@media(min-width:64rem){.vn-wrapper .vn-links.lite{height:calc(100vh - 3.5rem);top:3.5rem}}@media(min-width:64rem){.vn-wrapper .vn-links:not(.lite){background:none;-webkit-box-orient:horizontal;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;height:100%;left:0;max-width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:0;position:relative;top:0}}.vn-wrapper .vn-links.open{left:0}.vn-wrapper .vn-links.open.vn-slide-out{left:-100vw}@media(min-width:37.5rem){.vn-wrapper .vn-links.open.vn-slide-out{left:0}}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-search-wrapper{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;height:3rem;margin-bottom:.25rem;-webkit-box-ordinal-group:0;-ms-flex-order:-1;order:-1}@media(min-width:64rem){.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-search-wrapper:not(.lite){background:#fff;border:1px solid #c6cedb;border-radius:5px;opacity:0;-webkit-box-ordinal-group:2;-ms-flex-order:1;order:1;position:absolute;right:2.8125rem;top:.8125rem;width:38%;-webkit-transition:all .3s ease;transition:all .3s ease;visibility:hidden}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-search-wrapper:not(.lite).vn-open{visibility:visible;opacity:1}.vn-wrapper 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.vn-menu-section{left:0;opacity:1;visibility:visible}}@media(min-width:81.25rem){.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-links-list:not(.lite)>li:not(:nth-child(7)){margin-right:1rem}}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section{background:#f9f9fc;height:calc(100vh - 3rem);right:-140vw;overflow:auto;padding:0 1.5rem 6.25rem 1.5rem;position:fixed;top:3rem;-webkit-transition:all .5s ease;transition:all .5s ease;width:100%;z-index:10}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section.lite{height:calc(100vh - 3.5rem);top:3.5rem}@media(min-width:37.5rem){.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section{max-width:25rem;left:-140vw;right:auto}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section.open{left:0;right:auto}}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section.open{right:0}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section .vn-menu-section-header{-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;border-bottom:1px solid #c6cedb;display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;padding:.75rem 0}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section .vn-menu-section-header h3{color:#1b1b1b;font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1;margin:0}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section .vn-menu-section-header a{color:#3557ff;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section .vn-menu-section-header a img{margin-right:.5rem;width:.8125rem}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section ul{margin:.75rem 0;list-style:none;padding:0}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section ul li{font-size:1.125rem;font-weight:400}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section ul li a{color:#1b1b1b;display:block;padding:.75rem 0;text-decoration:none}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section ul li a:hover{color:#3557ff}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section ul li hr{border:1px solid #c6cedb}@media(min-width:64rem){.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section:not(.lite){background:#fff;border-radius:0 0 5px 5px;border-top:0;left:-20px;margin-left:-3.75rem;max-width:none;height:auto;opacity:0;padding:1.875rem 2.875rem;position:absolute;top:4.6875rem;width:18.75rem;visibility:hidden}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section:not(.lite) hr{display:none}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section:not(.lite) ul{margin:0}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section:not(.lite) ul li{border-bottom:1px solid #c6cedb}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section:not(.lite) ul li:last-of-type{border-bottom:0}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section:not(.lite) ul li.vn-see-all a{-webkit-box-align:baseline;-ms-flex-align:baseline;align-items:baseline;color:#3557ff;display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:start;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section:not(.lite) ul li.vn-see-all a img{height:.75rem;margin-right:.5rem}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section:not(.lite).hdr-site-1{width:60.875rem}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section:not(.lite).hdr-site-1 ul{-webkit-columns:4;-moz-columns:4;columns:4;-webkit-column-gap:2.875rem;-moz-column-gap:2.875rem;column-gap:2.875rem}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section:not(.lite).hdr-site-1 ul li:nth-child(7),.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section:not(.lite).hdr-site-1 ul li:nth-child(14),.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section:not(.lite).hdr-site-1 ul li:nth-child(21){border-bottom:0}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section:not(.lite).hdr-site-3{width:35rem}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section:not(.lite).hdr-site-3 ul{-webkit-columns:2;-moz-columns:2;columns:2;-webkit-column-gap:2.875rem;-moz-column-gap:2.875rem;column-gap:2.875rem}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section:not(.lite).hdr-site-3 ul li:nth-child(8),.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section:not(.lite).hdr-site-3 ul li:nth-child(16){border-bottom:0}}@media(min-width:64rem)and (max-width:81.25rem){.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-menu-section:not(.lite).hdr-site-1{margin-left:-8.75rem}}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-back{-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;background:none;border:0;color:#3557ff;cursor:pointer;display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;padding:1rem 0}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-back i{font-size:.75rem;margin-right:.3125rem}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-actions{margin-top:1rem}@media(min-width:64rem){.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-actions:not(.lite){-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;border-left:1px solid #cccce7;display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin:1.1875rem 0;padding-left:1.25rem}}@media(min-width:64rem){.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-actions:not(.lite).no-subscribe{border-left:none}}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-actions:not(.lite).no-subscribe .vn-signin{padding-left:.9375rem}@media(min-width:64rem){.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-actions:not(.lite).no-subscribe .vn-signin{padding-left:0}}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-actions .vn-signin{color:#3557ff;font-weight:600;padding:0 1.5rem;text-decoration:none}@media(min-width:64rem){.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-actions .vn-signin:not(.lite){-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;color:#fff;display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;font-size:1.0625rem;padding:0;margin:0 .9375rem;-webkit-transition:all .3s ease;transition:all .3s ease}}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-actions .vn-loggedin{background:none;border:0;color:#3557ff;font-weight:600;height:3rem;padding:0 1.5rem;text-decoration:none}@media(min-width:64rem){.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-actions .vn-loggedin:not(.lite){-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;color:#fff;display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;font-size:0;padding:0;margin:0 1.25rem}.vn-wrapper .vn-links .vn-actions .vn-loggedin:not(.lite):before{background:url(//img.lb.wbmdstatic.com/webmd_static_vue/091e9c5e81e4bc92/client/img/person.59072d56.svg) 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data-chronicle="091e9c5e81394036" data-e2e="brdcrmb" data-module-type="link-list"><ul class="webmd-breadcrumb breadcrumb" aria-label="Breadcrumb" data-metrics-module="brdcrmb"><li class="webmd-breadcrumb__item"><span class="webmd-breadcrumb__inner" role><a href="https://www.webmd.com/brain/default.htm" data-metrics-link="1">Brain & Nervous System</a></span><i class="webmd-breadcrumb__separator"></i></li><li class="webmd-breadcrumb__item"><span class="webmd-breadcrumb__inner" role><a href="https://www.webmd.com/brain/medical-reference/default.htm" data-metrics-link="2">Reference</a></span><i class="webmd-breadcrumb__separator"></i></li></ul><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Brain & Nervous System","item":"https://www.webmd.com/brain/default.htm"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Reference","item":"https://www.webmd.com/brain/medical-reference/default.htm"}]}</script></div></div><div class="webmd-row pane" style="" id="ContentPane30" tabindex="-1"><article class="article medref" data-chronicle="091e9c5e81e4bc93" data-e2e="dart-medref" data-page="1" data-module-type="dynamic-article" data-artid="091e9c5e802796ba" style=""><script type="application/ld+json"></script><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org/","@type":"MedicalWebPage","mainEntityOfPage":"https://www.webmd.com/brain/concussion-traumatic-brain-injury-symptoms-causes-treatments","lastReviewed":"08/17/2023 14:30:00","reviewedBy":{"@type":"Person","name":"Poonam Sachdev"},"about":"Brain & Nervous System","datePublished":"10/12/2008 20:00:00","headline":"Concussions: Symptoms and Treatment","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Suzanne Wright"},"dateModified":"08/17/2023 14:30:00","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"WebMD","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://img.lb.wbmdstatic.com/vim/live/webmd/consumer_assets/site_images/logos/webmd/web/webmd_logo_53x12.gif"}}}</script><div class="inner-article-container"><header><h1>Concussions: Symptoms and Treatment</h1></header><div class="med-wrap"><div><div class="asset-med-rev"><div class="reviewer-info" data-chronicle="091e9c5e81e4bc93" data-e2e="asset-medical-review" data-metrics-module="rvdby-lnk"><span class="reviewer-photo-cont"><figure><img src="https://img.lb.wbmdstatic.com/vim/live/webmd/consumer_assets/site_images/articles/biographies/sachdev_poonam_382x382.jpg?resize=51px:51px&output-quality=75" class="reviewer-photo"></figure></span><span class="reviewer-txt seperatorLine">Medically Reviewed by <a class="person" href="https://www.webmd.com/bio/poonam-sachdev" data-metrics-link="0">Poonam Sachdev</a><span class="no-link"></span><span class="revDate"> on August 17, 2023</span></span></div><div class="byline"><span><span class="authors" data-metrics-module="wrtnby-lnk">Written by <span class="person">Suzanne Wright</span></span></span></div></div></div></div><aside class="oncology-article-nav" data-metrics-module="cwnav-art"><ul class="nav-items desktop"><li><a href="#091e9c5e802796ba-1-1">What Is a Concussion?</a></li><li><a href="#091e9c5e802796ba-1-2">Concussion Causes </a></li><li><a href="#091e9c5e802796ba-2-4">Concussion Symptoms</a></li><li><a href="#091e9c5e802796ba-2-5">Concussions in Children</a><div class="item-button"><a href="#"></a></div></li><li><a href="#091e9c5e802796ba-2-6">Concussions in Babies</a></li><li><a href="#091e9c5e802796ba-3-7">Concussion Diagnosis</a></li><li><a href="#091e9c5e802796ba-3-9">Concussion Treatment</a></li><li><a href="#091e9c5e802796ba-4-11">Concussion Recovery </a></li><li><a href="#091e9c5e802796ba-4-12">Concussion Complications</a></li><li><a href="#091e9c5e802796ba-5-13">Concussion Prevention</a></li><li><a href="#091e9c5e802796ba-5-14">Takeaways </a></li><li><a href="#091e9c5e802796ba-5-15">Concussion FAQs</a></li><li class="item-button"></li></ul></aside><div class="reading-wrapper"><div class="readtime"><span>9 min read</span></div><div id="audio-placeholder-091e9c5e802796ba"></div></div><div class="article__body" data-metrics-module="embd-lnk"><div class="article-page active-page" data-page="1"><section><h2 class="jumplink-headers" id="091e9c5e802796ba-1-1">What Is a Concussion?</h2><p>The most common and least serious type of traumatic brain injury is called a concussion. The word comes from the Latin word concutere<i>,</i> which means "to shake violently." A concussion is most often caused by a sudden direct blow or bump to the head.</p><p>According to the CDC, between 2001 and 2009, an estimated 173,285 people under age 19 were treated in hospital emergency rooms for concussions related to sports and recreation activities. Other causes include car and bicycle accidents, work-related injuries, falls, and fighting.</p><div id="art-091e9c5e802796ba-em-image-1" class="em-mod-image" ref="art-091e9c5e802796ba-em-image-1"> <aside data-e2e="ia-image" align="middle" class="ia-module-container ia-image landscape " data-metric-module="ia-img-soc"> <figure> <div class="main"> <img src="https://img.lb.wbmdstatic.com/vim/live/webmd/consumer_assets/site_images/articles/health_tools/how_conditions_change_your_brain_slideshow/1800ss_science_source_rm_concussion.jpg" alt="concussion brain scan"/> </div> <figcaption> <p class="module_description" > A concussion is a brain injury often caused by a blow such as a fall or collision in sports. Photo Credit: Living Art Enterprises / Science Source </p> </figcaption> </figure> </aside> </div></section><section><h2 class="jumplink-headers" id="091e9c5e802796ba-1-2">Concussion Causes </h2><p>The brain is made of soft tissue. It's cushioned by spinal fluid and encased in the protective shell of the skull. When you have a blow or bump to your head, the impact can jolt your <a href="https://www.webmd.com/brain/video/brain-training">brain</a>. Sometimes, it literally causes it to move around in your head. Traumatic brain injuries can cause bruising, damage to the blood vessels, and injury to the nerves.</p><p>The result is your brain doesn't function as it should. If you've had a concussion, vision may be disturbed, you may lose equilibrium, or you may fall unconscious. In short, the brain is confused.</p></section><section> <p>Some things increase your risk for a concussion, including:</p><ul><li>Falls, particularly in children and older adults</li><li>Playing a contact sport</li><li>Lack of proper safety gear or supervision for contact sports </li><li>Car, motorcycle, bicycle, and other accidents that cause a blow to the head</li><li>Being hit, struck with an object, or other physical abuse</li><li>Military service</li><li>An earlier concussion</li></ul><p>Other than direct blows to the head, concussions can be caused by foreign objects. You can be struck by something such as during a sports game or get <a href="https://www.webmd.com/pain-management/pain-management-whiplash">whiplash</a> injuries or blast zone injuries in a war zone. </p><p><strong>Sports concussion</strong></p><p>In both contact and noncontact sports, athletes are at risk for concussions. This is true whether you're playing Little League or in the pros. The symptoms for a sports concussion are the same as any other type of concussion. But putting an athlete back in the game too soon could be dangerous and lead to a higher chance of another concussion. If you get a second concussion, it may make it much harder to heal and you could have long-term effects such as chronic headaches or learning difficulties. Get cleared by a doctor before you return to sports. </p></section></div><div class="article-page " data-page="2"><section><h2 class="jumplink-headers" id="091e9c5e802796ba-2-4">Concussion Symptoms</h2><p>Concussions can be tricky to diagnose. Though you may have a visible cut or <a href="https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/guide/bruises-article">bruise</a> on your head, you can't see a concussion. Signs of a concussion may not appear for days or weeks after the injury. Some symptoms last for just seconds; others may linger.</p><p>Concussions are fairly common. Some estimates say a mild brain trauma is sustained every 21 seconds in the U.S. But it's important to recognize the signs of a concussion so you can take the proper steps to treat the injury.</p><p>There are some common physical, mental, and emotional symptoms a person may display following a concussion. Signs of traumatic brain injury include:</p><ul><li>Confusion or feeling dazed</li><li>Clumsiness</li><li>Slurred speech</li><li>Nausea or vomiting</li><li>Headache</li><li>Balance problems or <a href="https://www.webmd.com/first-aid/understanding-dizziness-basics">dizziness</a></li><li>Blurred vision</li><li>Sensitivity to light</li><li>Sensitivity to noise</li><li>Sluggishness</li><li>Ringing in ears</li><li>Irritability or other behavior or personality changes</li><li>Difficulty concentrating</li><li>Loss of memory</li><li>Fatigue or sleepiness</li><li>Loss of consciousness</li><li>Forgetfulness such as repeating yourself </li><li>Slowed response to questions</li><li>Problems with sleep</li><li>Depression</li><li>Problems with taste or smell</li></ul></section><section><h2 class="jumplink-headers" id="091e9c5e802796ba-2-5">Concussions in Children</h2><p>Because their heads are large compared to the rest of their body, young children get concussions fairly often. As kids enter adolescence, they have rapid height and weight gain. Both these things make them more prone to accidents than adults.</p><p>If a child has concussion symptoms, an adult should monitor them for the first 24 hours. Don’t give medications, including ibuprofen or aspirin, which may cause bleeding, to a child without talking to a doctor first. </p><p>It's important to watch closely for behavioral changes or other signs of a concussion. Young children, especially, may not be able to fully communicate what they’re feeling. Symptoms of concussions in children include: </p><ul><li><a href="https://www.webmd.com/migraines-headaches/migraines-headaches-basics">Headache</a></li><li>Dizziness</li><li>Problems with balance</li><li>Upset stomach or vomiting</li><li>Fatigue</li><li>Sensitivity to light or noise</li><li>Mental fogginess or slowed thinking</li><li>Problems with memory, concentration, or focus</li><li>Feeling more irritable, sad, nervous, or emotional than usual</li><li>Problems with sleep</li></ul></section><section><h2 class="jumplink-headers" id="091e9c5e802796ba-2-6">Concussions in Babies</h2><p>The signs of a concussion in a baby or toddler may be harder to spot because they won't be able to tell you what is happening. So you'll have to be extra vigilant. Concussion symptoms in toddlers and babies are similar to those in children. But also watch out for:</p><ul><li>Changes in sleeping or eating patterns</li><li>Not showing interest in their favorite toys</li><li>Unsteadiness</li><li>Staring blankly</li><li>If they are able to speak, their words are slurred</li><li>Loss of consciousness</li><li>Particularly in babies, crying without being able to be consoled</li><li>Also in babies, not nursing or eating</li><li>Extreme emotions</li><li>Confusion or distraction</li><li>Not being able to preform new skills, such as <a href="https://www.webmd.com/parenting/baby/potty-training-when-to-start">toilet training</a> </li><li>Large bruises or head bumps in places other than the forehead </li></ul></section></div><div class="article-page " data-page="3"><section><h2 class="jumplink-headers" id="091e9c5e802796ba-3-7">Concussion Diagnosis</h2><p>Most people with concussions fully recover with appropriate treatment. But because a concussion can be serious, safeguarding yourself is important. </p><p><strong>Seek medical attention</strong>. A health care professional can decide how serious the concussion is and whether you require treatment.</p></section><section><pagebreak /> <p>They’ll ask how the head injury happened and discuss the symptoms. The doctor may also ask you simple questions such as "Where do you live?," "What is your name?," or "Who is the president?" The doctor asks these questions to evaluate memory and concentration skills.</p><p>The doctor may test coordination and reflexes, which are both functions of the central nervous system. They may also order a <a href="https://www.webmd.com/cancer/what-is-a-ct-scan">CT scan</a> or an MRI to rule out bleeding or other serious brain injury.</p><p>Emergency symptoms of a concussion include:</p><ul><li>Weakness in the arms or legs</li><li>Being very pale for more than an hour</li><li>Changes in behavior</li><li>Becoming easily confused, such as not being able to recognize places or people</li><li>Slurred speech</li><li>Problems with mental function </li><li>Stumbling or clumsiness</li><li>Vomiting or nausea</li><li>Dilated pupils</li><li>Ringing in the ears that doesn't go away</li><li>Seizures or convulsions</li><li>Dizziness that won't go away</li><li>No improvement in your condition </li><li>Being unconscious for longer than 30 seconds</li><li>Worsening headache</li><li>Fluid or blood draining from the nose or ears</li></ul></section><section><h2 class="jumplink-headers" id="091e9c5e802796ba-3-9">Concussion Treatment</h2><p>If you don’t need hospitalization, the doctor will give you instructions to follow. Concussions very rarely require an overnight stay in the hospital, and typically you can return home to rest and recover. Experts recommend follow-up medical attention within 24 to 72 hours if symptoms worsen. To recover at home, you should:</p><ul><li><strong>Take a break.</strong> If your concussion was sustained during athletic activity, stop play and sit it out. Your brain needs time to properly heal, so rest is key. Definitely do not resume play the same day. Coaches should closely monitor athletes and children upon resuming play. If you resume play too soon, you risk a greater chance of having a second concussion, which can compound the damage. The American Academy of Neurology has issued <a href="https://www.aan.com/globals/axon/assets/7913.pdf">guidelines</a> about resuming activities after a concussion. For the first 2 days after your injury, you should take plenty of time to relax and avoid anything too straining on your brain such as heavy loads of work, loud noises, and bright lights. You can gradually increase physical and mental activities as your symptoms improve. </li><li><strong>Guard against repeat concussions.</strong> Repeat concussions cause cumulative effects on the brain. They can have devastating consequences, including brain swelling, permanent brain damage, long-term disabilities, or even death. Don't return to normal activities if you still have symptoms. Get a doctor's clearance so you can return to work or play with confidence.</li><li><strong>Treat pain with aspirin-free medications.</strong> Your doctor will prescribe a medication to relieve pain or recommend an over-the-counter option. Avoid anything that will thin the blood such as ibuprofen, and stick to <a href="https://www.webmd.com/pain-management/difference-acetaminophen-ibuprofen"><span>acetaminophen</span></a><span>. </span></li></ul></section><section> <p><strong>Concussion self-care</strong></p><p>It's important to give yourself the time to properly heal from a concussion. Don't push yourself. It's normal to need more sleep than you typically do, but that doesn't mean you should stop all activities. Recognize what triggers your symptoms. Maybe it's watching TV or texting, and try to avoid those things until you're feeling better. In the meantime, drink plenty of water and avoid alcohol. </p></section></div><div class="article-page " data-page="4"><section><h2 class="jumplink-headers" id="091e9c5e802796ba-4-11">Concussion Recovery </h2><p>There are three phases of concussion recovery:</p><ul><li><strong>Phase one: Acute symptomatic phase.</strong> This is the time from injury until symptoms begin to clear up. This phase usually lasts less than 3 days. During this phase, if you have any of the emergency symptoms mentioned above, get medical help right away. The most important thing during this phase is rest. Stay hydrated and eat as you normally would.</li><li><strong>Phase two: Recovery. </strong>By this phase your symptoms should be improving. You can gradually start to increase your physical and mental activities, but if they trigger you, take a break. Your doctor will tell you on when it's safe to return to sports. You may need accommodations at school or work. </li><li><strong>Phase three: Recovered phase.</strong> Full recovery for those under 18 is normally considered 30 days, and for those over 18 is 14 days. But the severity of your symptoms play a role in how quickly you'll be back to yourself. Milestones include being able to return to school or work and getting back to physical activity. </li></ul></section><section><h2 class="jumplink-headers" id="091e9c5e802796ba-4-12">Concussion Complications</h2><p>Post-concussive syndrome is when issues from a concussion linger after you should have recovered. These symptoms can include trouble concentrating, problems with memory, headaches, changes in personality, mood swings, dizziness, fatigue, and insomnia for weeks to months. Delayed concussion symptoms, in which you don't have symptoms until several days or weeks after the event, can play a role in this as well. If this happens to you, it's extra important to avoid activities that put you at risk of another concussion. </p><p>By following concussion protocol -- the set of rules and guidelines for caring for those with <a href="https://www.webmd.com/brain/brain-injuries-causes-types">brain injuries</a> -- your doctor may suggest small increases in activity and a gradual return to your normal activities. Concussion protocol for kids may call for shorter school days and fewer assignments. </p></section></div><div class="article-page " data-page="5"><section><h2 class="jumplink-headers" id="091e9c5e802796ba-5-13">Concussion Prevention</h2><p>A concussion is unexpected, so it is tough to prevent. But there are several commonsense precautions you can take to lessen the possibility of traumatic brain injury.</p><ul><li><strong>Wear protective equipment.</strong> Playing high-contact, high-risk sports such as football, hockey, boxing, and rugby increases the odds of a concussion. Skateboarding, snowboarding, horseback riding, and inline skating are also a threat to your brain's health. Wearing headgear, padding, and mouth and <a href="https://www.webmd.com/eye-health/picture-of-the-eyes">eye</a> guards can help safeguard against traumatic head injuries. Wearing a bike helmet can lower the risk of traumatic head injury by 85%. There's also a new collar-like device called Q-Collar that can be worn by athletes. It applies compression to the neck and increases blood volume to help reduce brain movement due to hits to the head. Make sure any equipment fits you correctly and is well-maintained.</li><li><strong>Drive and ride smart.</strong> Always wear a seatbelt, obey speed limits, and don't use drugs or alcohol because they can impair reaction time.</li><li><strong>Don't fight.</strong> Fighting is a common cause of concussions.</li><li><strong>Reduce trip and fall hazards in your home. </strong>Clear clutter from floors and hallways, and make sure your home is well-lighted.</li><li><strong>Exercise regularly.</strong> It can give you stronger leg muscles and better balance, which can prevent falls.</li><li><strong>Use home safety measures to protect your children.</strong> Install window guards and block stairways.</li></ul></section><section><h2 class="jumplink-headers" id="091e9c5e802796ba-5-14">Takeaways </h2><p>A concussion is the least serious type of injury to the brain. Any kind of blow or jolt to the head, such as a fall or sports injury, can cause a concussion. In certain cases, such as if you lose consciousness for more than 30 seconds, are continuously <a href="https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/understanding-nausea-vomiting-treatment">vomiting</a>, or have a worsening headache, this could be an emergency and you should go to a doctor right away. The best way to recover from a concussion is rest and slowly getting back to your routine. </p></section><section><h2 class="jumplink-headers" id="091e9c5e802796ba-5-15">Concussion FAQs</h2><ul><li dir="ltr" aria-level="1"><span>What are five signs of a concussion?</span></li></ul><p><span>Some signs of a concussion include nausea, feeling confused, clumsiness, slurred speech, and headache.</span></p><ul><li dir="ltr" aria-level="1"><span>What are the early signs of concussion?</span></li></ul><p><span>Early signs of a concussion include double or</span><a href="https://www.webmd.com/eye-health/why-is-my-vision-blurry"><span> blurry vision</span></a><span>, forgetfulness, and sensitivity to light. </span></p><ul><li dir="ltr" aria-level="1"><span>How long will a mild concussion last?</span></li></ul><p><span>Symptoms tend to improve within 3 days, but for a full recovery it will typically take about 30 days for those under 18 and 14 days for those over 18. 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9.40417 15.7167 9.5 16 9.5ZM14 16V12H6V16H14ZM16 18H4V14H0V8C0 7.15 0.291667 6.4375 0.875 5.8625C1.45833 5.2875 2.16667 5 3 5H17C17.85 5 18.5625 5.2875 19.1375 5.8625C19.7125 6.4375 20 7.15 20 8V14H16V18ZM18 12V8C18 7.71667 17.9042 7.47917 17.7125 7.2875C17.5208 7.09583 17.2833 7 17 7H3C2.71667 7 2.47917 7.09583 2.2875 7.2875C2.09583 7.47917 2 7.71667 2 8V12H4V10H16V12H18Z" fill="#3557FF" data-v-00aa1eb2></path></svg></div></div></div><div class="save-container"><div class="auth-overlay-popup-holder" data-v-28242611><div class="bookmark-holder drug-generic-name" data-metrics-module="bkmk" data-v-28242611></div></div></div></div></div><div class="asset-footer-content"><div class="sources-section" style="display:none;"><div class="sources-wrapper" data-metrics-module="src"><p>SOURCES:</p><p>familydoctor.org: “Concussion in Sports.”</p><p>KidsHealth: “Concussions.”</p><p>CDC: “Heads Up: Concussion in Youth Sports,” “What Is Traumatic Brain Injury?”</p><p>Dayton Children's Child Health Information: “Instructions for Watching a Child Who Has a Brain Injury.”</p><p>Mayo Clinic: “Concussion.”</p><p>Nationwide Children’s: “A Parent’s Guide to Concussions.”</p><p>American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons: "Sports Concussion."</p><p>Brainline: "Concussion Symptoms in Toddlers and Babies."</p><p>American Association of Neurological Surgeons: "Concussion."</p><p>University of Michigan Health: "Concussion Treatment and Recovery." </p><p> </p></div></div></div><div class="asset-footer-bottom"><a href="https://www.webmd.com/about-webmd-policies/about-privacy-policy" class="asset-footer-policy"> View privacy policy, copyright and trust info </a></div><div class="asset-footer-bottom-share"><div class="module module-social-share-footer" data-e2e="social-sharebar"><div class="socialshare-container" data-metrics-module="fm-shr"><div class="share-footer-container"><div class="share-text">Share</div><div class="icon-sb-footer-svg icon-sb-footer-share"><svg class="icon-sb-footer-svg" 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Photo Credit: Living Art Enterprises \u002F Science Source \" module_title=\"\" module_description=\"\" link_out_url=\"\" link_out_position=\"\" type=\"image\" height=\"1200\" width=\"1800\" alt=\"concussion brain scan\" aspen_id=\"4b183940-bf7d-43df-9729-5723e83c852a\"\u003E\u003C\u002Fembeded_module\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_text\u003E\u003Chighlights\u003E\u003C\u002Fhighlights\u003E\u003Cpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_group\u003E\u003Csection_group\u003E\u003Csection_header\u003EConcussion Causes \u003C\u002Fsection_header\u003E\u003Csection_text\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe brain is made of soft tissue. It's cushioned by spinal fluid and encased in the protective shell of the skull. When you have a blow or bump to your head, the impact can jolt your \u003Ca link_friendlyurl=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.webmd.com\u002Fbrain\u002Fvideo\u002Fbrain-training\"\u003Ebrain\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. Sometimes, it literally causes it to move around in your head. Traumatic brain injuries can cause bruising, damage to the blood vessels, and injury to the nerves.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe result is your brain doesn't function as it should. If you've had a concussion, vision may be disturbed, you may lose equilibrium, or you may fall unconscious. In short, the brain is confused.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_text\u003E\u003Chighlights\u003E\u003C\u002Fhighlights\u003E\u003Cpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_group\u003E\u003Csection_group\u003E\u003Cpagebreak type=\"mobile\" order=\"2\" \u002F\u003E\u003Csection_header is_continued=\"true\"\u003EConcussion Causes continued...\u003C\u002Fsection_header\u003E\u003Csection_text\u003E\u003Cp\u003ESome things increase your risk for a concussion, including:\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EFalls, particularly in children and older adults\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EPlaying a contact sport\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003ELack of proper safety gear or supervision for contact sports \u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003ECar, motorcycle, bicycle, and other accidents that cause a blow to the head\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EBeing hit, struck with an object, or other physical abuse\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EMilitary service\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EAn earlier concussion\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003C\u002Ful\u003E\u003Cp\u003EOther than direct blows to the head, concussions can be caused by foreign objects. You can be struck by something such as during a sports game or get \u003Ca link_friendlyurl=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.webmd.com\u002Fpain-management\u002Fpain-management-whiplash\"\u003Ewhiplash\u003C\u002Fa\u003E injuries or blast zone injuries in a war zone. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESports concussion\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EIn both contact and noncontact sports, athletes are at risk for concussions. This is true whether you're playing Little League or in the pros. The symptoms for a sports concussion are the same as any other type of concussion. But putting an athlete back in the game too soon could be dangerous and lead to a higher chance of another concussion. If you get a second concussion, it may make it much harder to heal and you could have long-term effects such as chronic headaches or learning difficulties. Get cleared by a doctor before you return to sports. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_text\u003E\u003Chighlights\u003E\u003C\u002Fhighlights\u003E\u003Cpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_group\u003E\u003Csection_group\u003E\u003Cpagebreak type=\"mobile\" order=\"3\" \u002F\u003E\u003Cpagebreak type=\"desktop\" order=\"2\" \u002F\u003E\u003Csection_header\u003EConcussion Symptoms\u003C\u002Fsection_header\u003E\u003Csection_text\u003E\u003Cp\u003EConcussions can be tricky to diagnose. Though you may have a visible cut or \u003Ca link_friendlyurl=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.webmd.com\u002Fskin-problems-and-treatments\u002Fguide\u002Fbruises-article\"\u003Ebruise\u003C\u002Fa\u003E on your head, you can't see a concussion. Signs of a concussion may not appear for days or weeks after the injury. Some symptoms last for just seconds; others may linger.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EConcussions are fairly common. Some estimates say a mild brain trauma is sustained every 21 seconds in the U.S. But it's important to recognize the signs of a concussion so you can take the proper steps to treat the injury.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThere are some common physical, mental, and emotional symptoms a person may display following a concussion. Signs of traumatic brain injury include:\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EConfusion or feeling dazed\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EClumsiness\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESlurred speech\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003ENausea or vomiting\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EHeadache\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EBalance problems or \u003Ca link_friendlyurl=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.webmd.com\u002Ffirst-aid\u002Funderstanding-dizziness-basics\"\u003Edizziness\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EBlurred vision\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESensitivity to light\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESensitivity to noise\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESluggishness\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003ERinging in ears\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EIrritability or other behavior or personality changes\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EDifficulty concentrating\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003ELoss of memory\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EFatigue or sleepiness\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003ELoss of consciousness\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EForgetfulness such as repeating yourself \u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESlowed response to questions\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EProblems with sleep\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EDepression\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EProblems with taste or smell\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003C\u002Ful\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_text\u003E\u003Chighlights\u003E\u003C\u002Fhighlights\u003E\u003Cpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_group\u003E\u003Csection_group\u003E\u003Cpagebreak type=\"mobile\" order=\"4\" \u002F\u003E\u003Csection_header\u003EConcussions in Children\u003C\u002Fsection_header\u003E\u003Csection_text\u003E\u003Cp\u003EBecause their heads are large compared to the rest of their body, young children get concussions fairly often. As kids enter adolescence, they have rapid height and weight gain. Both these things make them more prone to accidents than adults.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EIf a child has concussion symptoms, an adult should monitor them for the first 24 hours. Don’t give medications, including ibuprofen or aspirin, which may cause bleeding, to a child without talking to a doctor first. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EIt's important to watch closely for behavioral changes or other signs of a concussion. Young children, especially, may not be able to fully communicate what they’re feeling. Symptoms of concussions in children include: \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca link_friendlyurl=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.webmd.com\u002Fmigraines-headaches\u002Fmigraines-headaches-basics\"\u003EHeadache\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EDizziness\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EProblems with balance\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EUpset stomach or vomiting\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EFatigue\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESensitivity to light or noise\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EMental fogginess or slowed thinking\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EProblems with memory, concentration, or focus\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EFeeling more irritable, sad, nervous, or emotional than usual\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EProblems with sleep\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003C\u002Ful\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_text\u003E\u003Chighlights\u003E\u003C\u002Fhighlights\u003E\u003Cpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_group\u003E\u003Csection_group\u003E\u003Cpagebreak type=\"mobile\" order=\"5\" \u002F\u003E\u003Csection_header\u003EConcussions in Babies\u003C\u002Fsection_header\u003E\u003Csection_text\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe signs of a concussion in a baby or toddler may be harder to spot because they won't be able to tell you what is happening. So you'll have to be extra vigilant. Concussion symptoms in toddlers and babies are similar to those in children. But also watch out for:\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EChanges in sleeping or eating patterns\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003ENot showing interest in their favorite toys\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EUnsteadiness\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EStaring blankly\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EIf they are able to speak, their words are slurred\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003ELoss of consciousness\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EParticularly in babies, crying without being able to be consoled\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EAlso in babies, not nursing or eating\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EExtreme emotions\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EConfusion or distraction\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003ENot being able to preform new skills, such as \u003Ca link_friendlyurl=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.webmd.com\u002Fparenting\u002Fbaby\u002Fpotty-training-when-to-start\"\u003Etoilet training\u003C\u002Fa\u003E \u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003ELarge bruises or head bumps in places other than the forehead \u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003C\u002Ful\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_text\u003E\u003Chighlights\u003E\u003C\u002Fhighlights\u003E\u003Cpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_group\u003E\u003Csection_group\u003E\u003Cpagebreak type=\"desktop\" order=\"3\" \u002F\u003E\u003Csection_header\u003EConcussion Diagnosis\u003C\u002Fsection_header\u003E\u003Csection_text\u003E\u003Cp\u003EMost people with concussions fully recover with appropriate treatment. But because a concussion can be serious, safeguarding yourself is important. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESeek medical attention\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E. A health care professional can decide how serious the concussion is and whether you require treatment.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_text\u003E\u003Chighlights\u003E\u003C\u002Fhighlights\u003E\u003Cpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_group\u003E\u003Csection_group\u003E\u003Cpagebreak type=\"mobile\" order=\"6\" \u002F\u003E\u003Cpagebreak \u002F\u003E\u003Csection_header is_continued=\"true\"\u003EConcussion Diagnosis continued...\u003C\u002Fsection_header\u003E\u003Csection_text\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThey’ll ask how the head injury happened and discuss the symptoms. The doctor may also ask you simple questions such as \"Where do you live?,\" \"What is your name?,\" or \"Who is the president?\" The doctor asks these questions to evaluate memory and concentration skills.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe doctor may test coordination and reflexes, which are both functions of the central nervous system. They may also order a \u003Ca link_friendlyurl=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.webmd.com\u002Fcancer\u002Fwhat-is-a-ct-scan\"\u003ECT scan\u003C\u002Fa\u003E or an MRI to rule out bleeding or other serious brain injury.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EEmergency symptoms of a concussion include:\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EWeakness in the arms or legs\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EBeing very pale for more than an hour\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EChanges in behavior\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EBecoming easily confused, such as not being able to recognize places or people\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESlurred speech\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EProblems with mental function \u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EStumbling or clumsiness\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EVomiting or nausea\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EDilated pupils\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003ERinging in the ears that doesn't go away\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESeizures or convulsions\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EDizziness that won't go away\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003ENo improvement in your condition \u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EBeing unconscious for longer than 30 seconds\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EWorsening headache\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EFluid or blood draining from the nose or ears\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003C\u002Ful\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_text\u003E\u003Chighlights\u003E\u003C\u002Fhighlights\u003E\u003Cpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_group\u003E\u003Csection_group\u003E\u003Cpagebreak type=\"mobile\" order=\"7\" \u002F\u003E\u003Csection_header\u003EConcussion Treatment\u003C\u002Fsection_header\u003E\u003Csection_text\u003E\u003Cp\u003EIf you don’t need hospitalization, the doctor will give you instructions to follow. Concussions very rarely require an overnight stay in the hospital, and typically you can return home to rest and recover. Experts recommend follow-up medical attention within 24 to 72 hours if symptoms worsen. To recover at home, you should:\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETake a break.\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E If your concussion was sustained during athletic activity, stop play and sit it out. Your brain needs time to properly heal, so rest is key. Definitely do not resume play the same day. Coaches should closely monitor athletes and children upon resuming play. If you resume play too soon, you risk a greater chance of having a second concussion, which can compound the damage. The American Academy of Neurology has issued \u003Ca link_friendlyurl=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.aan.com\u002Fglobals\u002Faxon\u002Fassets\u002F7913.pdf\"\u003Eguidelines\u003C\u002Fa\u003E about resuming activities after a concussion. For the first 2 days after your injury, you should take plenty of time to relax and avoid anything too straining on your brain such as heavy loads of work, loud noises, and bright lights. You can gradually increase physical and mental activities as your symptoms improve. \u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGuard against repeat concussions.\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E Repeat concussions cause cumulative effects on the brain. They can have devastating consequences, including brain swelling, permanent brain damage, long-term disabilities, or even death. Don't return to normal activities if you still have symptoms. Get a doctor's clearance so you can return to work or play with confidence.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETreat pain with aspirin-free medications.\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E Your doctor will prescribe a medication to relieve pain or recommend an over-the-counter option. Avoid anything that will thin the blood such as ibuprofen, and stick to \u003Ca link_friendlyurl=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.webmd.com\u002Fpain-management\u002Fdifference-acetaminophen-ibuprofen\"\u003E\u003Cspan\u003Eacetaminophen\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003Cspan\u003E. \u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003C\u002Ful\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_text\u003E\u003Chighlights\u003E\u003C\u002Fhighlights\u003E\u003Cpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_group\u003E\u003Csection_group\u003E\u003Cpagebreak type=\"mobile\" order=\"8\" \u002F\u003E\u003Csection_header is_continued=\"true\"\u003EConcussion Treatment continued...\u003C\u002Fsection_header\u003E\u003Csection_text\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EConcussion self-care\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EIt's important to give yourself the time to properly heal from a concussion. Don't push yourself. It's normal to need more sleep than you typically do, but that doesn't mean you should stop all activities. Recognize what triggers your symptoms. Maybe it's watching TV or texting, and try to avoid those things until you're feeling better. In the meantime, drink plenty of water and avoid alcohol. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_text\u003E\u003Chighlights\u003E\u003C\u002Fhighlights\u003E\u003Cpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_group\u003E\u003Csection_group\u003E\u003Cpagebreak type=\"desktop\" order=\"4\" \u002F\u003E\u003Csection_header\u003EConcussion Recovery \u003C\u002Fsection_header\u003E\u003Csection_text\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThere are three phases of concussion recovery:\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPhase one: Acute symptomatic phase.\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E This is the time from injury until symptoms begin to clear up. This phase usually lasts less than 3 days. During this phase, if you have any of the emergency symptoms mentioned above, get medical help right away. The most important thing during this phase is rest. Stay hydrated and eat as you normally would.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPhase two: Recovery. \u003C\u002Fstrong\u003EBy this phase your symptoms should be improving. You can gradually start to increase your physical and mental activities, but if they trigger you, take a break. Your doctor will tell you on when it's safe to return to sports. You may need accommodations at school or work. \u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPhase three: Recovered phase.\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E Full recovery for those under 18 is normally considered 30 days, and for those over 18 is 14 days. But the severity of your symptoms play a role in how quickly you'll be back to yourself. Milestones include being able to return to school or work and getting back to physical activity. \u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003C\u002Ful\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_text\u003E\u003Chighlights\u003E\u003C\u002Fhighlights\u003E\u003Cpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_group\u003E\u003Csection_group\u003E\u003Cpagebreak type=\"mobile\" order=\"9\" \u002F\u003E\u003Csection_header\u003EConcussion Complications\u003C\u002Fsection_header\u003E\u003Csection_text\u003E\u003Cp\u003EPost-concussive syndrome is when issues from a concussion linger after you should have recovered. These symptoms can include trouble concentrating, problems with memory, headaches, changes in personality, mood swings, dizziness, fatigue, and insomnia for weeks to months. Delayed concussion symptoms, in which you don't have symptoms until several days or weeks after the event, can play a role in this as well. If this happens to you, it's extra important to avoid activities that put you at risk of another concussion. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EBy following concussion protocol -- the set of rules and guidelines for caring for those with \u003Ca link_friendlyurl=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.webmd.com\u002Fbrain\u002Fbrain-injuries-causes-types\"\u003Ebrain injuries\u003C\u002Fa\u003E -- your doctor may suggest small increases in activity and a gradual return to your normal activities. Concussion protocol for kids may call for shorter school days and fewer assignments. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_text\u003E\u003Chighlights\u003E\u003C\u002Fhighlights\u003E\u003Cpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_group\u003E\u003Csection_group\u003E\u003Cpagebreak type=\"mobile\" order=\"10\" \u002F\u003E\u003Cpagebreak type=\"desktop\" order=\"5\" \u002F\u003E\u003Csection_header\u003EConcussion Prevention\u003C\u002Fsection_header\u003E\u003Csection_text\u003E\u003Cp\u003EA concussion is unexpected, so it is tough to prevent. But there are several commonsense precautions you can take to lessen the possibility of traumatic brain injury.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWear protective equipment.\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E Playing high-contact, high-risk sports such as football, hockey, boxing, and rugby increases the odds of a concussion. Skateboarding, snowboarding, horseback riding, and inline skating are also a threat to your brain's health. Wearing headgear, padding, and mouth and \u003Ca link_friendlyurl=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.webmd.com\u002Feye-health\u002Fpicture-of-the-eyes\"\u003Eeye\u003C\u002Fa\u003E guards can help safeguard against traumatic head injuries. Wearing a bike helmet can lower the risk of traumatic head injury by 85%. There's also a new collar-like device called Q-Collar that can be worn by athletes. It applies compression to the neck and increases blood volume to help reduce brain movement due to hits to the head. Make sure any equipment fits you correctly and is well-maintained.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDrive and ride smart.\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E Always wear a seatbelt, obey speed limits, and don't use drugs or alcohol because they can impair reaction time.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDon't fight.\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E Fighting is a common cause of concussions.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EReduce trip and fall hazards in your home. \u003C\u002Fstrong\u003EClear clutter from floors and hallways, and make sure your home is well-lighted.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExercise regularly.\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E It can give you stronger leg muscles and better balance, which can prevent falls.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EUse home safety measures to protect your children.\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E Install window guards and block stairways.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003C\u002Ful\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_text\u003E\u003Chighlights\u003E\u003C\u002Fhighlights\u003E\u003Cpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_group\u003E\u003Csection_group\u003E\u003Cpagebreak type=\"mobile\" order=\"11\" \u002F\u003E\u003Csection_header\u003ETakeaways \u003C\u002Fsection_header\u003E\u003Csection_text\u003E\u003Cp\u003EA concussion is the least serious type of injury to the brain. Any kind of blow or jolt to the head, such as a fall or sports injury, can cause a concussion. In certain cases, such as if you lose consciousness for more than 30 seconds, are continuously \u003Ca link_friendlyurl=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.webmd.com\u002Fdigestive-disorders\u002Funderstanding-nausea-vomiting-treatment\"\u003Evomiting\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, or have a worsening headache, this could be an emergency and you should go to a doctor right away. The best way to recover from a concussion is rest and slowly getting back to your routine. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_text\u003E\u003Chighlights\u003E\u003C\u002Fhighlights\u003E\u003Cpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_group\u003E\u003Csection_group\u003E\u003Csection_header\u003EConcussion FAQs\u003C\u002Fsection_header\u003E\u003Csection_text\u003E\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cspan\u003EWhat are five signs of a concussion?\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003C\u002Ful\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan\u003ESome signs of a concussion include nausea, feeling confused, clumsiness, slurred speech, and headache.\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cspan\u003EWhat are the early signs of concussion?\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003C\u002Ful\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan\u003EEarly signs of a concussion include double or\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003Ca link_friendlyurl=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.webmd.com\u002Feye-health\u002Fwhy-is-my-vision-blurry\"\u003E\u003Cspan\u003E blurry vision\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003Cspan\u003E, forgetfulness, and sensitivity to light. \u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cspan\u003EHow long will a mild concussion last?\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003C\u002Ful\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan\u003ESymptoms tend to improve within 3 days, but for a full recovery it will typically take about 30 days for those under 18 and 14 days for those over 18. \u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_text\u003E\u003Chighlights\u003E\u003C\u002Fhighlights\u003E\u003Cpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fpull_quotes\u003E\u003C\u002Fsection_group\u003E"},"citations":{"#cdata-section":"\u003Cp\u003ESOURCES:\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003Efamilydoctor.org: “Concussion in Sports.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EKidsHealth: “Concussions.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003ECDC: “Heads Up: Concussion in Youth Sports,” “What Is Traumatic Brain Injury?”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EDayton Children's Child Health Information: “Instructions for Watching a Child Who Has a Brain Injury.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EMayo Clinic: “Concussion.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003ENationwide Children’s: “A Parent’s Guide to Concussions.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EAmerican Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons: \"Sports Concussion.\"\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EBrainline: \"Concussion Symptoms in Toddlers and Babies.\"\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EAmerican Association of Neurological Surgeons: \"Concussion.\"\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EUniversity of Michigan Health: \"Concussion Treatment and Recovery.\" \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"related_links_header":"","related_links_text":{"#cdata-section":""}}}}}},"staticPublicPath":"\u002Fstatic_vue\u002F091e9c5e81e4bc92\u002Fclient\u002F","isInteractivePage":false},"flow":{"flowInfo":{"legacyBundleArticle":{"assetId":"091e9c5e80742a5d","channelId":"1018","contentType":"Article"}}},"quiz":{"rmq":{}}}</script> <script>window.__INITIAL_STATE__.route.hash = window.location.hash; 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