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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>After the war</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_the_war-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Districts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Districts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Districts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Districts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people_from_Rotterdam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people_from_Rotterdam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notable people from Rotterdam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people_from_Rotterdam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Rotterdam</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 139 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-139" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">139 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%AE%E1%89%B0%E1%88%AD%E1%8B%B3%E1%88%9D" title="ሮተርዳም – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሮተርዳም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85" title="روتردام – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="روتردام" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%AA%DC%98%DC%9B%DC%AA%DC%95%DC%90%DC%A1" title="ܪܘܛܪܕܐܡ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܪܘܛܪܕܐܡ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rot%C3%A8rdame" title="Rotèrdame – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Rotèrdame" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="রটার্ডাম – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রটার্ডাম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Роттердам – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Роттердам" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ротэрдам – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ротэрдам" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ратэрдам – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ратэрдам" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ротердам – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ротердам" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Роттердам – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Роттердам" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam_(lungsod_sa_Olandres)" title="Rotterdam (lungsod sa Olandres) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Rotterdam (lungsod sa Olandres)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BC" title="Ρότερνταμ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρότερνταμ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%BE%D1%88" title="Роттердам ош – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Роттердам ош" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B3terdam" title="Róterdam – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Róterdam" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roterdamo" title="Roterdamo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Roterdamo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85" title="روتردام – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="روتردام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%ED%85%8C%EB%A5%B4%EB%8B%B4" title="로테르담 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="로테르담" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%B8%D5%BF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B4" title="Ռոտերդամ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռոտերդամ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE" title="रॉटर्डम – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रॉटर्डम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Роттердам – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Роттердам" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%9D" title="רוטרדם – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רוטרדם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="როტერდამი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="როტერდამი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Роттердам – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Роттердам" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Роттердам – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Роттердам" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roterodamum" title="Roterodamum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Roterodamum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roterdama" title="Roterdama – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Roterdama" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roterdamas" title="Roterdamas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Roterdamas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE" title="रोटरड्याम – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="रोटरड्याम" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ротердам – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ротердам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%AE" title="रॉटरडॅम – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रॉटरडॅम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85" title="روتردام – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="روتردام" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Роттэрдам – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Роттэрдам" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Роттердам – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Роттердам" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%90%E1%80%AC%E1%80%92%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="ရော်တာဒမ်မြို့ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ရော်တာဒမ်မြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B6tterdaam" title="Rötterdaam – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Rötterdaam" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%83%E3%83%86%E3%83%AB%E3%83%80%E3%83%A0" title="ロッテルダム – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロッテルダム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Роттердам – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Роттердам" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%B9%D8%B1%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%85" title="راٹرڈیم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="راٹرڈیم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85" title="روتردام – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="روتردام" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roterd%C3%A3o" title="Roterdão – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Roterdão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Роттердам – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Роттердам" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roterdami" title="Roterdami – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Roterdami" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%DB%86%D8%AA%DB%95%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85" title="ڕۆتەردام – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕۆتەردام" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Sranan Tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Sranan Tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ротердам – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ротердам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="ராட்டர்டேம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ராட்டர்டேம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Роттердам – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Роттердам" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1" title="รอตเทอร์ดาม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รอตเทอร์ดาม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Роттердам – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Роттердам" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%B9%D8%B1%DA%88%D9%85" title="روٹرڈم – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="روٹرڈم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rott%C3%A9rdam" title="Rottérdam – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="Rottérdam" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%B9%BF%E7%89%B9%E4%B8%B9" title="鹿特丹 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="鹿特丹" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%90%D7%9D" title="ראטערדאם – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ראטערדאם" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%B9%BF%E7%89%B9%E4%B8%B9" title="鹿特丹 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="鹿特丹" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%B9%BF%E7%89%B9%E4%B8%B9" title="鹿特丹 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="鹿特丹" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Rotterdam" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" 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.ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Rotterdam</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_of_the_Netherlands" title="List of municipalities of the Netherlands">Municipality</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kubuswoningen_in_rotterdam.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="View of Rotterdam"><img alt="View of Rotterdam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Kubuswoningen_in_rotterdam.jpg/265px-Kubuswoningen_in_rotterdam.jpg" decoding="async" width="265" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Kubuswoningen_in_rotterdam.jpg/398px-Kubuswoningen_in_rotterdam.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Kubuswoningen_in_rotterdam.jpg/530px-Kubuswoningen_in_rotterdam.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="790" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">View of Rotterdam</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9530278">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Rotterdam.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Rotterdam"><img alt="Flag of Rotterdam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_Rotterdam.svg/100px-Flag_of_Rotterdam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_Rotterdam.svg/150px-Flag_of_Rotterdam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_Rotterdam.svg/200px-Flag_of_Rotterdam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Rotterdam" title="Flag of Rotterdam">Flag</a></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rotterdam_wapen.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Rotterdam"><img alt="Official seal of Rotterdam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Rotterdam_wapen.svg/100px-Rotterdam_wapen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="62" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Rotterdam_wapen.svg/150px-Rotterdam_wapen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Rotterdam_wapen.svg/200px-Rotterdam_wapen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1190" data-file-height="738" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Seal</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9530296">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:265px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:265px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:265px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Netherlands_relief_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rotterdam is located in Netherlands"><img alt="Rotterdam is located in Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Netherlands_relief_location_map.svg/265px-Netherlands_relief_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="265" height="299" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Netherlands_relief_location_map.svg/398px-Netherlands_relief_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Netherlands_relief_location_map.svg/530px-Netherlands_relief_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="888" data-file-height="1001" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:57.328%;left:31.348%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rotterdam"><img alt="Rotterdam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Rotterdam</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9430902">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Rotterdam&params=51_55_22.2_N_4_28_45.6_E_type:city(608422)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°55′22.2″N</span> <span class="longitude">4°28′45.6″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.922833°N 4.479333°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.922833; 4.479333</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sovereign states">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_the_Netherlands" title="Provinces of the Netherlands">Province</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Zuid-Holland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zuid-Holland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Zuid-Holland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zuid-Holland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Zuid-Holland.svg/45px-Flag_of_Zuid-Holland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="666" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Holland" title="South Holland">Zuid-Holland</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Carola_Schouten" title="Carola Schouten">Carola Schouten</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Total</th><td class="infobox-data">217.6 km<sup>2</sup> (84.0 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(January 1, 2001)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Total</th><td class="infobox-data">608,422</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">2,796/km<sup>2</sup> (7,240/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B01:00" title="UTC+01:00">UTC+01:00</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postal_code" title="Postal code">Postal code</a>(s)</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">3011–3016, 3021–3029, 3031–3039, 3041–3047, 3051–3056, 3059, 3061–3069, 3071–3079, 3081–3089, 3151, 3181, 3191–3199</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Community_Identification_Number" title="Community Identification Number">MCN</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0599</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rotterdam.nl/">Official website</a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Rotterdam</b> is the second-largest <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_of_the_Netherlands" title="List of municipalities of the Netherlands">municipality</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>. There are about 653,000 people (2021) living in Rotterdam. It has the biggest port in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>. The city is on several <a href="/wiki/River" title="River">rivers</a>, most notably the <a href="/wiki/Maas" class="mw-redirect" title="Maas">Maas</a>. Rotterdam, like all of the Netherlands, has an <a href="/wiki/Oceanic_climate" title="Oceanic climate">oceanic climate</a> (<i>Cfb</i> in the <a href="/wiki/Koeppen_climate_classification" class="mw-redirect" title="Koeppen climate classification">Koeppen climate classification</a>). </p><p>It hosts also a university: the <a href="/wiki/Erasmus_University_Rotterdam" title="Erasmus University Rotterdam">Erasmus University Rotterdam</a>. </p><p>On 18 March 2010, <a href="/wiki/Rozenburg" title="Rozenburg">Rozenburg</a> became a part of the municipality of Rotterdam. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sea_level">Sea level</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rotterdam&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: Sea level" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rotterdam&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Sea level"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rotterdam is built mostly behind <a href="/wiki/Levee" title="Levee">dikes</a> because large parts of the Rotterdam are below <a href="/wiki/Sea_level" title="Sea level">sea level</a>. The Prins Alexander Polder in the northeast of Rotterdam extends 6 metres (20 ft) below sea level. The lowest point in the Netherlands (6.76 metres (22.2 ft) below NAP) is just to the east of Rotterdam. This kind of engineering may be needed in many countries as sea level rises. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rotterdam&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: History" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rotterdam&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: History"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Dam" title="Dam">dam</a> was built in 1260 across the river <a href="/wiki/Rotte_(river)" title="Rotte (river)">Rotte</a> where the Hoogstraat is now. The name <i>Rotterdam</i> comes from this dam. The settlement was a regular fishing village at first, but became a thriving trading port pretty soon. The city got <a href="/wiki/City_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="City rights">city rights</a> in 1340 and <a href="/wiki/City_wall" class="mw-redirect" title="City wall">city walls</a> in 1360. Rotterdam became an important city in <a href="/wiki/Holland" title="Holland">Holland</a> in the middle of the <a href="/wiki/15th_century" title="15th century">15th century</a>, when it won little wars against <a href="/wiki/Delft" title="Delft">Delft</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gouda_(town)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gouda (town)">Gouda</a>. From 1449 until 1525 a <a href="/wiki/Gothic" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic">Gothic</a> church (<i>Laurenskerk</i>) was built. The city then hold about 10,000 people. The city revolted against <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spanish occupation</a> in 1573, becoming one of the main city's of the <a href="/wiki/Eighty_Years%27_War" title="Eighty Years' War">Eighty Years' War</a>. The port of Rotterdam grew a lot in the late <a href="/wiki/16th_century" title="16th century">16th century</a> and early 17th century. In the end of the <a href="/wiki/17th_century" title="17th century">17th century</a>, the city hold almost 50,000 people. But the city had not built outside of the city walls. The city became very crowded. </p><p>The port of Rotterdam became bigger and bigger in the <a href="/wiki/19th_century" title="19th century">19th century</a>, when several new canals were dug. These were: <i>Nieuwe Waterweg</i> (lit: New Waterway), and <i>Voornse Kanaal</i>. The city grew quickly due to the enormous amount of work in the port. The population grew from 160,000 people in 1880 to 315,000 in 1900. Various new districts were built, including <i>Cool</i>, <i>Crooswerk</i>, and <i>Nieuwe Westen</i>. Neighbouring places also became part of Rotterdam. In 1920, the city held more than 500,000 people for the first time in its history </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Second_World_War">Second World War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rotterdam&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Change section: Second World War" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rotterdam&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Second World War"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rotterdam,_Laurenskerk,_na_bombardement_van_mei_1940.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Rotterdam%2C_Laurenskerk%2C_na_bombardement_van_mei_1940.jpg/220px-Rotterdam%2C_Laurenskerk%2C_na_bombardement_van_mei_1940.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Rotterdam%2C_Laurenskerk%2C_na_bombardement_van_mei_1940.jpg/330px-Rotterdam%2C_Laurenskerk%2C_na_bombardement_van_mei_1940.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Rotterdam%2C_Laurenskerk%2C_na_bombardement_van_mei_1940.jpg/440px-Rotterdam%2C_Laurenskerk%2C_na_bombardement_van_mei_1940.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2269" /></a><figcaption>Rotterdam after the bombardment around the Laurenskerk</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rotterdambrandgrens02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Rotterdambrandgrens02.jpg/220px-Rotterdambrandgrens02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Rotterdambrandgrens02.jpg/330px-Rotterdambrandgrens02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Rotterdambrandgrens02.jpg/440px-Rotterdambrandgrens02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Project <i>Brandgrens</i> (fire-border) in the night of May 15th 2007</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> attacked the Netherlands in <a href="/wiki/May" title="May">May</a> 1940. The <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the Netherlands">Battle of the Netherlands</a> brought heavy fighting in Rotterdam. In the Blitz of Rotterdam, the Germans <a href="/wiki/Bombardment" title="Bombardment">bombarded</a> Rotterdam on May 14, 1940. The damage was huge; 24,000 buildings were destroyed in only 15 minutes, and there was virtually nothing left of the old centre of Rotterdam. 800 people died instantly, and 80,000 were homeless. The bombardment also destroyed the Willemsbrigde, one of the two brigdes across the Maas at that time. The Germans repaired the bridge quickly, as it was of vital importance for the city. During the German occupation, the neighbouring places of Hillegersberg, Schiebroek, Overschie, Kralingseveer and Ijsselmonde are annexed {taken} by Rotterdam. On November 11th, 1944, a large <a href="/w/index.php?title=Razzia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Razzia (not yet started)">razzia</a> took place. About 50,000 men from 17 to 40 years old from Rotterdam were deported into working camps. The city also lost many people in the <a href="/wiki/Famine" title="Famine">famine</a> of 1944 (<i>hongerwinter</i> (lit: Winter of hunger)). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="After_the_war">After the war</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rotterdam&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Change section: After the war" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rotterdam&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: After the war"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rotterdam_Erasmusbrug_bij_avond_vanaf_hoek_Veerhaven-Westerkade.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Rotterdam_Erasmusbrug_bij_avond_vanaf_hoek_Veerhaven-Westerkade.jpg/220px-Rotterdam_Erasmusbrug_bij_avond_vanaf_hoek_Veerhaven-Westerkade.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Rotterdam_Erasmusbrug_bij_avond_vanaf_hoek_Veerhaven-Westerkade.jpg/330px-Rotterdam_Erasmusbrug_bij_avond_vanaf_hoek_Veerhaven-Westerkade.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Rotterdam_Erasmusbrug_bij_avond_vanaf_hoek_Veerhaven-Westerkade.jpg/440px-Rotterdam_Erasmusbrug_bij_avond_vanaf_hoek_Veerhaven-Westerkade.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1844" data-file-height="1400" /></a><figcaption>Erasmusbrigde as seen from the old harbor</figcaption></figure> <p>Rotterdam was quickly rebuilt after the war, but <a href="/wiki/Modernization" title="Modernization">modernization</a> led to the fact that many old buildings were not repaired, but replaced by totally new ones. This has led to the fact that the centre of Rotterdam is composed of new buildings, a thing not common in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">European</a> cities. The ports of Rotterdam grew even more during the latter part of the <a href="/wiki/20th_century" title="20th century">20th century</a>. New areas, built right on the sea, are <i>Botlek</i>, <i>Maasvlakte</i>, and <i>Europoort</i>. The <a href="/wiki/Euromast" title="Euromast">Euromast</a> (185 <a href="/wiki/M" title="M">m</a> high) became an icon of Rotterdam. The <a href="/wiki/Metro" class="mw-redirect" title="Metro">metro</a> of Rotterdam opened in 1968, which was the first metro in the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>. The 1990s saw more skyscrapers being built. The <i>Delftse Poort</i>, which was ready in 1991, was the highest <a href="/wiki/Skyscraper" title="Skyscraper">skyscraper</a> in the Netherlands, with 151 m high, until the <i>Maastoren</i> became the highest building in 2009 with 165 m. The new <a href="/wiki/Erasmusbridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Erasmusbridge">Erasmusbridge</a>, which was ready in 1996, gave Rotterdam a new symbol. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Districts">Districts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rotterdam&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Change section: Districts" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rotterdam&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Districts"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city of Rotterdam is split up into 14 districts, each with a number of neighbourhoods. The districts are: </p> <ol><li>Rotterdam Centrum</li> <li>Charlois</li> <li>Delfshaven</li> <li>Feijenoord</li> <li>Hillegersberg-Schiebroek</li> <li>Hoek van Holland</li> <li>Hoogvliet</li> <li>IJsselmonde</li> <li>Kralingen-Crooswijk</li> <li>Noord</li> <li>Overschie</li> <li>Pernis</li> <li>Prins Alexander</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rozenburg" title="Rozenburg">Rozenburg</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people_from_Rotterdam">Notable people from Rotterdam</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rotterdam&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Change section: Notable people from Rotterdam" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rotterdam&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Notable people from Rotterdam"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hans_van_Baalen" title="Hans van Baalen">Hans van Baalen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leo_Beenhakker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leo Beenhakker (not yet started)">Leo Beenhakker</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thea_Beckman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thea Beckman (not yet started)">Thea Beckman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pascal_Bosschaart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pascal Bosschaart (not yet started)">Pascal Bosschaart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_van_Bronckhorst" title="Giovanni van Bronckhorst">Giovanni van Bronckhorst</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willem_Pieterszoon_Buytewech&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Willem Pieterszoon Buytewech (not yet started)">Willem Pieterszoon Buytewech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferry_Corsten" title="Ferry Corsten">Ferry Corsten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Deelder" title="Jules Deelder">Jules Deelder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bean_(character)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bean (character)">Julian "Bean" Delphiki</a> (literary character)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edsger_Dijkstra" class="mw-redirect" title="Edsger Dijkstra">Edsger Dijkstra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royston_Drenthe" title="Royston Drenthe">Royston Drenthe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9_van_Duijn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="André van Duijn (not yet started)">André van Duin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desiderius_Erasmus" class="mw-redirect" title="Desiderius Erasmus">Desiderius Erasmus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pim_Fortuyn" title="Pim Fortuyn">Pim Fortuyn</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ida_Gerhardt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ida Gerhardt (not yet started)">Ida Gerhardt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacobus_van_%27t_Hoff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacobus van 't Hoff (not yet started)">Jacobus van 't Hoff</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marianne_Heemskerk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marianne Heemskerk (not yet started)">Marianne Heemskerk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bep_van_Klaveren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bep van Klaveren (not yet started)">Bep van Klaveren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rem_Koolhaas" title="Rem Koolhaas">Rem Koolhaas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kruimeltje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kruimeltje (not yet started)">Kruimeltje</a> (literary character)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruud_Lubbers" title="Ruud Lubbers">Ruud Lubbers</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_de_Leeuw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul de Leeuw (not yet started)">Paul de Leeuw</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rie_Mastenbroek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rie Mastenbroek (not yet started)">Rie Mastenbroek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_van_Persie" title="Robin van Persie">Robin van Persie</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hendrik_Martenszoon_Sorgh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hendrik Martenszoon Sorgh (not yet started)">Hendrik Martenszoon Sorgh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ron_Steens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ron Steens (not yet started)">Ron Steens</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marten_Toonder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marten Toonder (not yet started)">Marten Toonder</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rotterdam&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rotterdam&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span 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transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:South_Holland_Province&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:South Holland Province (not yet started)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:South_Holland_Province&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_of_South_Holland_(50)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_of_the_Netherlands" title="List of municipalities of the Netherlands">Municipalities</a> of <a href="/wiki/South_Holland" title="South Holland">South Holland</a> (50)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alblasserdam" title="Alblasserdam">Alblasserdam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albrandswaard" title="Albrandswaard">Albrandswaard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphen_aan_den_Rijn" title="Alphen aan den Rijn">Alphen aan den Rijn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barendrecht" title="Barendrecht">Barendrecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodegraven-Reeuwijk" title="Bodegraven-Reeuwijk">Bodegraven-Reeuwijk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capelle_aan_den_IJssel" title="Capelle aan den IJssel">Capelle aan den IJssel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delft" title="Delft">Delft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dordrecht" title="Dordrecht">Dordrecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goeree-Overflakkee" title="Goeree-Overflakkee">Goeree-Overflakkee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorinchem" title="Gorinchem">Gorinchem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gouda,_Netherlands" title="Gouda, Netherlands">Gouda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardinxveld-Giessendam" title="Hardinxveld-Giessendam">Hardinxveld-Giessendam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hendrik-Ido-Ambacht" title="Hendrik-Ido-Ambacht">Hendrik-Ido-Ambacht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillegom" title="Hillegom">Hillegom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoeksche_Waard" title="Hoeksche Waard">Hoeksche Waard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaag_en_Braassem" title="Kaag en Braassem">Kaag en Braassem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katwijk" title="Katwijk">Katwijk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krimpen_aan_den_IJssel" title="Krimpen aan den IJssel">Krimpen aan den IJssel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krimpenerwaard" title="Krimpenerwaard">Krimpenerwaard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lansingerland" title="Lansingerland">Lansingerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden">Leiden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leiderdorp" title="Leiderdorp">Leiderdorp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leidschendam-Voorburg" title="Leidschendam-Voorburg">Leidschendam-Voorburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisse" title="Lisse">Lisse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maassluis" title="Maassluis">Maassluis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midden-Delfland" title="Midden-Delfland">Midden-Delfland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molenlanden" title="Molenlanden">Molenlanden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nieuwkoop" title="Nieuwkoop">Nieuwkoop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nissewaard" title="Nissewaard">Nissewaard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noordwijk" title="Noordwijk">Noordwijk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oegstgeest" title="Oegstgeest">Oegstgeest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papendrecht" title="Papendrecht">Papendrecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pijnacker-Nootdorp" title="Pijnacker-Nootdorp">Pijnacker-Nootdorp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridderkerk" title="Ridderkerk">Ridderkerk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rijswijk" title="Rijswijk">Rijswijk</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rotterdam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schiedam" title="Schiedam">Schiedam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sliedrecht" title="Sliedrecht">Sliedrecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teylingen" title="Teylingen">Teylingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hague" title="The Hague">The Hague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vlaardingen" title="Vlaardingen">Vlaardingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voorne_aan_Zee" title="Voorne aan Zee">Voorne aan Zee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voorschoten" title="Voorschoten">Voorschoten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waddinxveen" title="Waddinxveen">Waddinxveen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wassenaar" title="Wassenaar">Wassenaar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland" title="Westland">Westland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoetermeer" title="Zoetermeer">Zoetermeer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoeterwoude" title="Zoeterwoude">Zoeterwoude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zuidplas" title="Zuidplas">Zuidplas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zwijndrecht,_Netherlands" title="Zwijndrecht, Netherlands">Zwijndrecht</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zuid-Holland_position.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Zuid-Holland_position.svg/60px-Zuid-Holland_position.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Zuid-Holland_position.svg/90px-Zuid-Holland_position.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Zuid-Holland_position.svg/120px-Zuid-Holland_position.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="236" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_the_Netherlands" title="Provinces of the Netherlands">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_of_the_Netherlands" title="List of municipalities of the Netherlands">Municipalities</a></li></ul> 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