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IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>discussioni</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sito"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Indice" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indice</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Periodica_o_aperiodica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Periodica_o_aperiodica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Periodica o aperiodica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Periodica_o_aperiodica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Matematica_delle_tassellature_girih" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Matematica_delle_tassellature_girih"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Matematica delle tassellature girih</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Matematica_delle_tassellature_girih-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Girih</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 12 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-12" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">12 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D1%80%D3%99%D2%BB_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D2%99%D3%99%D0%BA)" title="Гирәһ (биҙәк) - baschiro" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Гирәһ (биҙәк)" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baschiro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%85" title="Джырых - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Джырых" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girih" title="Girih - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Girih" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="voce di qualità"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girih" title="Girih - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Girih" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girih" title="Girih - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Girih" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%87_(%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1)" title="گره (هنر) - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گره (هنر)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%AB%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%B0" title="Գիրիհ - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գիրիհ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girih" title="Girih - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Girih" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85" title="Гирих - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гирих" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D2%B3_(%D0%BD%D0%B0%D2%9B%D2%9B%D0%BE%D1%88%D3%A3)" title="Гиреҳ (наққошӣ) - tagico" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Гиреҳ (наққошӣ)" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tagico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girih" title="Girih - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Girih" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%96%D1%85" title="Джиріх - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джиріх" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q17050256#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Girih" title="Vedi la voce [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Voce</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussione:Girih" rel="discussion" title="Vedi le discussioni relative a questa pagina [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussione</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Cambia versione linguistica" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">italiano</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visite"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Girih"><span>Leggi</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girih&veaction=edit" title="Modifica questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girih&action=edit" title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girih&action=history" title="Versioni precedenti di questa pagina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Strumenti" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Strumenti</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Strumenti</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Altre opzioni" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Azioni </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Girih"><span>Leggi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girih&veaction=edit" title="Modifica questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girih&action=edit" title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girih&action=history"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generale </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PuntanoQui/Girih" title="Elenco di tutte le pagine che sono collegate a questa [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Puntano qui</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:ModificheCorrelate/Girih" rel="nofollow" title="Elenco delle ultime modifiche alle pagine collegate a questa [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Modifiche correlate</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PagineSpeciali" title="Elenco di tutte le pagine speciali [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pagine speciali</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girih&oldid=133221489" title="Collegamento permanente a questa versione di questa pagina"><span>Link permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girih&action=info" title="Ulteriori informazioni su questa pagina"><span>Informazioni pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Cita&page=Girih&id=133221489&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informazioni su come citare questa pagina"><span>Cita questa voce</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:UrlQ%C4%B1sald%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FGirih"><span>Ottieni URL breve</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:QrKodu&url=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FGirih"><span>Scarica codice QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stampa/esporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Libro&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Girih"><span>Crea un libro</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:DownloadAsPdf&page=Girih&action=show-download-screen"><span>Scarica come PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girih&printable=yes" title="Versione stampabile di questa pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versione stampabile</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In altri progetti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Girih" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q17050256" title="Collegamento all'elemento connesso dell'archivio dati [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elemento Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspetto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspetto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r133964453">.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-div>div,.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div>div{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-image{flex-basis:52px;flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div .hide-when-compact{display:block}</style><div style="" class="ambox metadata plainlinks avviso avviso-contenuto"> <div class="avviso-immagine mbox-image noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-4.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Niente fonti!"><img alt="Niente fonti!" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/45px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/68px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/90px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></a></span></div> <div class="avviso-testo mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-div"><b>Questa voce o sezione  sull'argomento storia dell'architettura <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uso_delle_fonti" title="Wikipedia:Uso delle fonti">non cita le fonti necessarie</a> o quelle presenti sono insufficienti</b>. <div class="hide-when-compact"> <div class="noprint"><hr />Puoi <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Girih&action=edit">migliorare questa voce</a> aggiungendo citazioni da <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Fonti_attendibili" title="Wikipedia:Fonti attendibili">fonti attendibili</a> secondo le <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uso_delle_fonti" title="Wikipedia:Uso delle fonti">linee guida sull'uso delle fonti</a>. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Girih_tiles.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Girih_tiles.svg/220px-Girih_tiles.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Girih_tiles.svg/330px-Girih_tiles.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Girih_tiles.svg/440px-Girih_tiles.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="674" data-file-height="620" /></a><figcaption>Le cinque piastrelle Girih; le linee blu sono le Girih propriamente dette</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Girih_tiles2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Girih_tiles2.svg/220px-Girih_tiles2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Girih_tiles2.svg/330px-Girih_tiles2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Girih_tiles2.svg/440px-Girih_tiles2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Un mosaico Girih</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Girih_tiles3.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Girih_tiles3.svg/220px-Girih_tiles3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Girih_tiles3.svg/330px-Girih_tiles3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Girih_tiles3.svg/440px-Girih_tiles3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Sulla metà sinistra della figura le piastrelle girih, sulla destra le linee girih</figcaption></figure> <p>Le <a href="/wiki/Piastrelle" class="mw-redirect" title="Piastrelle">piastrelle</a> <b>Girih</b> sono una serie di cinque <a href="/wiki/Tessera_(mosaico)" title="Tessera (mosaico)">tessere</a> che sono state utilizzate per la creazione di modelli di <a href="/wiki/Tassellatura" title="Tassellatura">tassellatura</a> per la <a href="/wiki/Decorazione" title="Decorazione">decorazione</a> degli edifici di <a href="/wiki/Architettura_islamica" title="Architettura islamica">architettura islamica</a>. Sono state utilizzate all'incirca dall'anno 1200; la decorazione con questa tecnica ha trovato un significativo miglioramento a partire dal santuario <a href="/w/index.php?title=Darb-i_imam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Darb-i imam (la pagina non esiste)">Darb-i imam</a> a <a href="/wiki/Isfahan" class="mw-redirect" title="Isfahan">Isfahan</a> in Iran, costruito nel 1453. </p><p>Il termine <b>Girih</b> si riferisce specificamente alle linee che decorano le piastrelle. Nella maggior parte dei casi, solo le linee (e altre decorazioni minori come dei fiori) sono visibili, senza i bordi delle piastrelle stesse. Le girih sono <a href="/wiki/Linea_spezzata" title="Linea spezzata">linee spezzate</a> che incrociano i lati delle piastrelle al centro con un angolo di 54° (3π/10). Due linee incrociantisi attraversano ogni lato di una piastrella. </p><p>Le cinque forme delle piastrelle sono: </p> <ul><li>un <a href="/wiki/Decagono" title="Decagono">decagono</a> regolare con angoli interni di 144°</li> <li>un <a href="/wiki/Esagono" title="Esagono">esagono</a> allungato (convesso) con angoli interni di 72°, 144°, 144°, 72°, 144°, 144°</li> <li>un esagono irregolare non convesso con angoli interni di 72°, 72°, 216°, 72°, 72°, 216°</li> <li>un <a href="/wiki/Rombo_(geometria)" title="Rombo (geometria)">rombo</a> con angoli interni di 72°, 108°, 72°, 108°</li> <li>un <a href="/wiki/Pentagono_(geometria)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentagono (geometria)">pentagono</a> regolare con angoli interni di 108°</li></ul> <p>Tutti i lati di queste figure hanno la stessa lunghezza, e tutti gli angoli sono multipli di 36° (π/5). Ad eccezione del pentagono, tutte hanno <a href="/wiki/Simmetria_bilaterale" class="mw-redirect" title="Simmetria bilaterale">simmetria bilaterale</a> (di <a href="/wiki/Riflessione_(geometria)" title="Riflessione (geometria)">riflessione</a>) rispetto a due linee perpendicolari. Alcune hanno anche altre simmetrie; in particolare, il decagono ha una simmetria per <a href="/wiki/Rotazione" title="Rotazione">rotazioni</a> di 36°, e il pentagono una simmetria per rotazioni di 72°. </p><p>La maggior parte delle piastrelle hanno un unico tracciato di girih al loro interno che segue la simmetria della piastrella stessa; Il decagono ha due possibili tracciati, uno dei quali ha solo una simmetria per rotazioni di 72°, invece che di 36°. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Periodica_o_aperiodica">Periodica o aperiodica</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girih&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Periodica o aperiodica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girih&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Periodica o aperiodica"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roof_hafez_tomb.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Roof_hafez_tomb.jpg/220px-Roof_hafez_tomb.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Roof_hafez_tomb.jpg/330px-Roof_hafez_tomb.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Roof_hafez_tomb.jpg/440px-Roof_hafez_tomb.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mosaico" title="Mosaico">Mosaico</a> sul soffitto della Tomba di Hafez, a <a href="/wiki/Shiraz" title="Shiraz">Shiraz</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Nell'architettura islamica è stata usata principalmente una tassellatura Girih periodica, con <a href="/wiki/Cella_unitaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Cella unitaria">cella unitaria</a> ripetuta con la stessa orientazione nel reticolo. Alcune avevano tracciati che non possono essere estesi alla piastrellatura di tutto il piano. Non si conoscono tassellature Girih con tracciati che possano essere estesi all'intero piano solo in modo aperiodico. </p><p>In alcuni edifici, comunque, delle ampie piastrelle Girih furono decorate con tracciati che a loro volta formano piccole tassellature Girih. Al santuario di Darb-i Imam tale suddivisione è stata realizzata in modo che avrebbe potuto essere generalizzata ad una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tassellatura_aperiodica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tassellatura aperiodica (la pagina non esiste)">tassellatura aperiodica</a> del piano. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Matematica_delle_tassellature_girih">Matematica delle tassellature girih</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girih&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Matematica delle tassellature girih" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girih&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Matematica delle tassellature girih"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Green_mosque_archway.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Green_mosque_archway.JPG/220px-Green_mosque_archway.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Green_mosque_archway.JPG/330px-Green_mosque_archway.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Green_mosque_archway.JPG/440px-Green_mosque_archway.JPG 2x" data-file-width="733" data-file-height="817" /></a><figcaption>Arcata interna della <a href="/w/index.php?title=Moschea_verde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moschea verde (la pagina non esiste)">Moschea verde</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa">Bursa</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Nel 2007 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_J._Lu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter J. Lu (la pagina non esiste)">Peter J. Lu</a> della <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_Harvard" title="Università Harvard">Università Harvard</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_J._Steinhardt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul J. Steinhardt (la pagina non esiste)">Paul J. Steinhardt</a> della <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a> hanno pubblicato un articolo sulla rivista <i><a href="/wiki/Science" title="Science">Science</a></i> suggerendo che le tassellature girih posseggano proprietà coerenti con le tassellature <a href="/wiki/Quasicristallo" title="Quasicristallo">quasicristalline</a> <a href="/wiki/Frattale" title="Frattale">frattali</a> <a href="/wiki/Auto-similarit%C3%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Auto-similarità">autosimilari</a> come le <a href="/wiki/Tassellatura_di_Penrose" title="Tassellatura di Penrose">tassellature di Penrose</a>, che furono presentate nel 1974. Le tassellature Girih le precederebbero di cinque secoli. <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Questa risultato fu supportato sia dall'analisi dei tracciati di strutture sopravvissute, sia dall'esame di pergamene persiane del XV secolo. Se la supposizione fosse corretta significherebbe che gli architetti islamici arrivarono vicini alla scoperta della tassellatura aperiodica molto prima dei matematici occidentali. In ogni caso non ci sono indicazioni su quanto profonde fossero le conoscenze di questi architetti nella matematica delle tassellature. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girih&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girih&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> Peter J. Lu and Paul J. Steinhardt, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091007024019/http://www.physics.harvard.edu/~plu/publications/Science_315_1106_2007.pdf"><span style="font-style:italic;">Decagonal and Quasi-crystalline Tilings in Medieval Islamic Architecture</span></a> (<span style="font-weight: bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="documento in formato PDF">PDF</abbr></span>), in <span style="font-style:italic;">Science</span>, vol. 315, 2007, pp. 1106–1110, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1135491">10.1126/science.1135491</a> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.physics.harvard.edu/~plu/publications/Science_315_1106_2007.pdf">url originale</abbr> il 7 ottobre 2009)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Figure supplementari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.physics.harvard.edu/~plu/publications/Science_315_1106_2007_SOM.pdf">peterlu.org</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090326095515/http://www.physics.harvard.edu/~plu/publications/Science_315_1106_2007_SOM.pdf">Archiviato</a> il 26 marzo 2009 in <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girih&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girih&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zellige" title="Zellige">Zellige</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabesco" title="Arabesco">Arabesco</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girih&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girih&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Girih"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Girih?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Girih?uselang=it">Girih</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girih&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girih&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200307165217/https://www.metaforum.it/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Arabeschi geometrici</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">metaforum.it</span>. <small>URL consultato il 9 luglio 2009</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.metaforum.it/forum/showthread.php?t=427">url originale</abbr> il 7 marzo 2020)</small>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.quadibloc.com/math/pen05.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">Piastrelle pentagonali</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">quadibloc.com</span>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070314012002/http://www.news.harvard.edu/gazette/2007/03.01/99-tiles.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Medieval Islamic architecture presages 20th century mathematics</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">news.harvard.edu</span>, Harvard University Gazette, 22 febbraio 2007. <small>URL consultato il 14 marzo 2007</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.news.harvard.edu/gazette/2007/03.01/99-tiles.html">url originale</abbr> il 14 marzo 2007)</small>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn11235-medieval-islamic-tiling-reveals-mathematical-savvy.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Medieval Islamic tiling reveals mathematical savvy</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">newscientist.com</span>, New Scientist, 22 febbraio 2007. <small>URL consultato il 14 marzo 2007</small>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> Roberto Rineri, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/5931878/Motivi_ornamentali_995_6_Motivi_ornamentali"><span style="font-style:italic;">Motivi ornamentali 995 6 Motivi ornamentali</span></a>. <small>URL consultato il 10 agosto 2017</small>.</cite></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:#ccf;font-size:90%;width:100%;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_navbar{float:left;margin:0;padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:left;width:6em}.mw-parser-output .navbox_title{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;padding:0 10px;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list{font-size:90%;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list a{white-space:nowrap}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_odd{background:#fdfdfd;color:var(--color-base,black)}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_even{background:#f7f7f7;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox a.mw-selflink{color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox_image{padding-left:7px;vertical-align:middle;width:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;text-align:right;width:7em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox_image img{max-width:none!important}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox{margin:-3px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:#e6e6ff;padding:0 10px}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Arte_islamica"><tbody><tr><th colspan="3"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; 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Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Arte_islamica" title="Arte islamica">Arte islamica</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Architettura_islamica" title="Architettura islamica">Architettura</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:5em;font-weight:normal; width:15%;">Stili regionali</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Architettura_araba_in_Sicilia" title="Architettura araba in Sicilia">Siciliana</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Architettura_moghul" title="Architettura moghul"><i>Moghul</i></a><b> ·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Mud%C3%A9jar" title="Mudéjar">Mudéjar</a></i><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Architettura_ottomana" title="Architettura ottomana">Ottomana</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Architettura_persiana" title="Architettura persiana">Persiana</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Architettura_timuride" title="Architettura timuride">Timuride</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Architettura_omayyade" title="Architettura omayyade">Omayyade</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Stile_moresco" title="Stile moresco">Stile moresco</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:5em;font-weight:normal; width:15%;"><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Elementi_architettonici_islamici" title="Categoria:Elementi architettonici islamici">Elementi</a></th><td colspan="1"><i><a href="/wiki/Ablaq" title="Ablaq">Ablaq</a></i><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Iwan_(architettura)" title="Iwan (architettura)"><i>Iwan</i></a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Jali_(decorazione)" title="Jali (decorazione)"><i>Jali</i></a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Musciarabia" title="Musciarabia">Musciarabia</a><b> ·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Mi%E1%B8%A5r%C4%81b" title="Miḥrāb">Miḥrāb</a></i><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Minareto" title="Minareto">Minareto</a><b> ·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Muqarnas" class="mw-redirect" title="Muqarnas">Mocárabe</a></i><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Moschea" title="Moschea">Moschea</a><b> ·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Muqarnas" class="mw-redirect" title="Muqarnas">Muqarnas</a></i><b> ·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Yeseria" title="Yeseria">Yeseria</a></i><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Storia_delle_cupole_persiane" title="Storia delle cupole persiane">Cupola</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td rowspan="7" class="navbox_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Samarkand_Shah-i_Zinda_Tuman_Aqa_complex_cropped2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Samarkand_Shah-i_Zinda_Tuman_Aqa_complex_cropped2.jpg/150px-Samarkand_Shah-i_Zinda_Tuman_Aqa_complex_cropped2.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Samarkand_Shah-i_Zinda_Tuman_Aqa_complex_cropped2.jpg/225px-Samarkand_Shah-i_Zinda_Tuman_Aqa_complex_cropped2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Samarkand_Shah-i_Zinda_Tuman_Aqa_complex_cropped2.jpg/300px-Samarkand_Shah-i_Zinda_Tuman_Aqa_complex_cropped2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="2946" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alhambra_L%C3%B6wenhof_mit_L%C3%B6wenbrunnen_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Alhambra_L%C3%B6wenhof_mit_L%C3%B6wenbrunnen_2014.jpg/150px-Alhambra_L%C3%B6wenhof_mit_L%C3%B6wenbrunnen_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Alhambra_L%C3%B6wenhof_mit_L%C3%B6wenbrunnen_2014.jpg/225px-Alhambra_L%C3%B6wenhof_mit_L%C3%B6wenbrunnen_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Alhambra_L%C3%B6wenhof_mit_L%C3%B6wenbrunnen_2014.jpg/300px-Alhambra_L%C3%B6wenhof_mit_L%C3%B6wenbrunnen_2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3931" data-file-height="2595" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Registan_-_Sherdor_madrasa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Registan_-_Sherdor_madrasa.jpg/150px-Registan_-_Sherdor_madrasa.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Registan_-_Sherdor_madrasa.jpg/225px-Registan_-_Sherdor_madrasa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Registan_-_Sherdor_madrasa.jpg/300px-Registan_-_Sherdor_madrasa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Arte</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:5em;font-weight:normal; width:15%;">Stili regionali</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Arte_iranica" title="Arte iranica">Persiana</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Arte_turca" title="Arte turca">Turca</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Arte_timuride" title="Arte timuride">Timuride</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Arte_omayyade" title="Arte omayyade">Omayyade</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:5em;font-weight:normal; width:15%;"><a href="/wiki/Tappeto_orientale" title="Tappeto orientale">Tappeti</a></th><td colspan="1"><i><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCl_(disegno)" title="Gül (disegno)">Gül</a></i><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Elibelinde" title="Elibelinde">Elibelinde</a><b> ·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Kilim" title="Kilim">Kilim</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Kilim#Disegno" title="Kilim">motivi <i>kilim</i></a>)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Tappeto_persiano" title="Tappeto persiano">Persiano</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Tappeto_anatolico" title="Tappeto anatolico">Turco</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Tappeto_da_preghiera" title="Tappeto da preghiera">Preghiera</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Tappeto_Hereke" title="Tappeto Hereke"><i>Hereke</i></a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:5em;font-weight:normal; width:15%;"><a href="/wiki/Ceramica_islamica" title="Ceramica islamica">Ceramica</a></th><td colspan="1"><i><a href="/wiki/Alicatado" title="Alicatado">Alicatado</a></i><b> ·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Azulejo" title="Azulejo">Azulejo</a></i><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ceramica_vitrea" title="Ceramica vitrea">Ceramica vitrea</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Maiolica_ispano-moresca" title="Maiolica ispano-moresca">Ispano-moresco</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ceramica_di_%C4%B0znik" title="Ceramica di İznik">İznik</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Lustro_(tecnica)" title="Lustro (tecnica)">Lustro</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ceramica_persiana" title="Ceramica persiana">Persiana</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Influenza_cinese_sulla_ceramica_islamica" title="Influenza cinese sulla ceramica islamica">Influenza cinese</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:5em;font-weight:normal; width:15%;">Tessile</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Batik" title="Batik">Batik</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Damasco_(tessuto)" title="Damasco (tessuto)">Damasco</a><b> ·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Ikat" title="Ikat">Ikat</a></i><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ricamo_islamico" title="Ricamo islamico">Ricamo</a><b> ·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Soumak" title="Soumak">Soumak</a></i><b> ·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Suzani" title="Suzani">Suzani</a></i></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:5em;font-weight:normal; width:15%;">Lavori in legno</th><td colspan="1"><i><a href="/wiki/Khatam" title="Khatam">Khatam</a></i><b> ·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Minbar" title="Minbar">Minbar</a></i></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:5em;font-weight:normal; width:15%;">Altri</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Acciaio_Damasco" title="Acciaio Damasco">Acciaio Damasco</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Lampada_da_moschea" title="Lampada da moschea">Lampada da moschea</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Vetro_islamico" title="Vetro islamico">Vetro</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Vetrata" title="Vetrata">Vetrata</a> (<a href="/wiki/Shabaka_(vetrata)" title="Shabaka (vetrata)"><i>Shabaka</i></a>)</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Arte dei libri</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:5em;font-weight:normal; width:15%;"><a href="/wiki/Miniatura" title="Miniatura">Miniatura</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Miniatura_araba" title="Miniatura araba">Araba</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Pittura_moghul" title="Pittura moghul"><i>Moghul</i></a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Miniatura_ottomana" title="Miniatura ottomana">Ottomana</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Miniatura_persiana" title="Miniatura persiana">Persiana</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:5em;font-weight:normal; width:15%;"><a href="/wiki/Calligrafia_araba" title="Calligrafia araba">Calligrafia</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Calligrafia_araba" title="Calligrafia araba">Araba</a><b> ·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Diwani" title="Diwani">Diwani</a></i><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Cufico" title="Cufico">Cufico</a><b> ·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Muhaqqaq" title="Muhaqqaq">Muhaqqaq</a></i><b> ·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Naskh" title="Naskh">Naskh</a></i><b> ·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Nasta%27liq" title="Nasta'liq">Nasta'liq</a></i><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calligrafia_persiana" title="Calligrafia persiana">Persiana</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Sini_(scrittura)" title="Sini (scrittura)">Sini</a><b> ·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Ta%CA%BFl%C4%ABq" title="Taʿlīq">Taʿlīq</a></i><b> ·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Thuluth" title="Thuluth">Thuluth</a></i><b> ·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Tughra" title="Tughra">Tughra</a></i></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:5em;font-weight:normal; width:15%;">Altre arti</th><td colspan="1"><i><a href="/wiki/Muraqqa" title="Muraqqa">Muraqqa</a></i><b> ·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Hilya" title="Hilya">Hilya</a></i></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Motivo_islamico_interlacciato" title="Motivo islamico interlacciato">Decorazione</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Arabesco" title="Arabesco">Arabesco</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Motivi_geometrici_islamici" title="Motivi geometrici islamici">Motivi geometrici islamici</a><b> ·</b> <i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Girih</a></i><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Zellige" title="Zellige">Zellige</a><b> ·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Banna%27i" title="Banna'i">Banna'i</a></i><b> ·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Hazarbaf" title="Hazarbaf">Hazarbaf</a></i></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Giardino_islamico" title="Giardino islamico">Giardino</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Chahar_bagh" title="Chahar bagh"><i>Charbagh</i></a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Giardini_moghul" title="Giardini moghul"><i>Moghul</i></a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Architettura_ottomana" title="Architettura ottomana">Ottomani</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Giardino_del_paradiso" title="Giardino del paradiso">Paradiso</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Giardino_persiano" title="Giardino persiano">Persiano</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Musei</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Museo_d%27arte_islamica_di_Berlino" title="Museo d'arte islamica di Berlino">Berlino</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Museo_d%27arte_islamica_(Il_Cairo)" title="Museo d'arte islamica (Il Cairo)">Il Cairo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Museo_d%27arte_islamica_(Doha)" title="Museo d'arte islamica (Doha)">Doha</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Museo_d%27arte_islamica_(Ghazni)" title="Museo d'arte islamica (Ghazni)">Ghazni</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Museo_d%27arte_islamica_(Palermo)" title="Museo d'arte islamica (Palermo)">Palermo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a> (<a href="/wiki/Musei_archeologici_di_Istanbul" title="Musei archeologici di Istanbul">Arte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Museo_di_arte_calligrafica_turca" title="Museo di arte calligrafica turca">Arte calligrafica</a>)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Gerusalemme" title="Gerusalemme">Gerusalemme</a> (<a href="/wiki/Museo_islamico" title="Museo islamico">Museo islamico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_d%27arte_islamica_L._A._Mayer" title="Istituto d'arte islamica L. A. Mayer">Istituto d'arte islamica L. A. Mayer</a>)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Museo_d%27arte_islamica_della_Malaysia" title="Museo d'arte islamica della Malaysia">Kuala Lumpur</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Londra" title="Londra">Londra</a> (<a href="/wiki/British_Museum#Dipartimento_mediorientale" title="British Museum">British Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum" title="Victoria and Albert Museum">Victoria and Albert Museum</a>)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Museum_of_Art" title="Los Angeles County Museum of Art">Los Angeles</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Marrakech" title="Marrakech">Marrakech</a> (<a href="/wiki/Museo_di_Marrakech" title="Museo di Marrakech">Museo d'arte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giardini_Majorelle" title="Giardini Majorelle">Giardini Majorelle</a>)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Museo_islamico_dell%27Australia" title="Museo islamico dell'Australia">Melbourne</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Parigi" title="Parigi">Parigi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Istituto_del_mondo_arabo" title="Istituto del mondo arabo">Istituto del mondo arabo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Museo_del_Louvre" title="Museo del Louvre">Louvre</a>)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Museo_delle_civilt%C3%A0_asiatiche" title="Museo delle civiltà asiatiche">Singapore</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Aga_Khan_Museum" title="Aga Khan Museum">Toronto</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Museo_islamico_di_Tripoli" title="Museo islamico di Tripoli">Tripoli</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Teheran" title="Teheran">Teheran</a> (<a href="/wiki/Museo_nazionale_dell%27Iran" title="Museo nazionale dell'Iran">Museo nazionale dell'Iran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Museo_del_tappeto_dell%27Iran" title="Museo del tappeto dell'Iran">Museo del tappeto dell'Iran</a>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Principi,<br />influenze</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Aniconismo_nell%27islam" title="Aniconismo nell'islam">Aniconismo nell'islam</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Contributo_islamico_all%27Europa_medievale" title="Contributo islamico all'Europa medievale">Contributo islamico all'Europa medievale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Influenze_islamiche_nell%27arte_occidentale" title="Influenze islamiche nell'arte occidentale">Influenze nell'arte occidentale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Matematica_e_architettura" title="Matematica e architettura">Matematica e architettura</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Tappeti_orientali_nei_dipinti_del_Rinascimento" title="Tappeti orientali nei dipinti del Rinascimento">Tappeti orientali nei dipinti del Rinascimento</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Pseudo-cufico" title="Pseudo-cufico">Pseudo-cufico</a><b> ·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Stilfragen" title="Stilfragen">Stilfragen</a></i><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Rotolo_Topkap%C4%B1" title="Rotolo Topkapı">Rotolo Topkapı</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Sollazzi_Regi" title="Sollazzi Regi">Sollazzi Regi</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; 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