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class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Hoofkieslys</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigasie </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tuisblad" title="Besoek die Tuisblad [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Tuisblad</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gebruikersportaal" title="Meer oor die projek, wat jy kan doen, nuttige skakels"><span>Gebruikersportaal</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Geselshoekie" title="Agtergrondinligting oor aktuele sake"><span>Geselshoekie</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Onlangse_wysigings" title="'n Lys van onlangse wysigings [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Onlangse wysigings</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Lukraak" title="Laai 'n lukrake bladsye [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Lukrake bladsy</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="Vind meer uit oor iets"><span>Hulp</span></a></li><li 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cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Deursoek Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Soek</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Deursoek Wikipedia" aria-label="Deursoek Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Deursoek Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Spesiaal:Soek"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Soek</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Voorkoms" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Voorkoms</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af" class=""><span>Skenkings</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Kalium" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie." class=""><span>Skep gebruiker</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Kalium" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Meld aan</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opsies" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlike gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af"><span>Skenkings</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Kalium" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skep gebruiker</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Kalium" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Meld aan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bladsye vir uitgemelde redakteurs <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Inleiding" aria-label="Leer meer oor redigering"><span>leer meer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybydrae" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydraes</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybespreking" title="Bespreking oor bydraes van hierdie IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Werf"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inleiding</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Geskiedenis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geskiedenis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Geskiedenis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geskiedenis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kenmerkende_eienskappe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kenmerkende_eienskappe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Kenmerkende eienskappe</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kenmerkende_eienskappe-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Wissel Kenmerkende eienskappe subafdeling</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kenmerkende_eienskappe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Die_metaal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Die_metaal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Die metaal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Die_metaal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legerings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legerings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Legerings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legerings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interkalasie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interkalasie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Interkalasie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interkalasie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sy_verbindings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sy_verbindings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Sy verbindings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sy_verbindings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aanwendings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aanwendings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Aanwendings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aanwendings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verspreiding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verspreiding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Verspreiding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verspreiding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Isotope" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Isotope"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Isotope</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Isotope-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Wissel Isotope subafdeling</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Isotope-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-K-40" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#K-40"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>K-40</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-K-40-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Die_stabiele_isotope" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Die_stabiele_isotope"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Die stabiele isotope</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Die_stabiele_isotope-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kalium_in_die_dieet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kalium_in_die_dieet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Kalium in die dieet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kalium_in_die_dieet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verwysings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verwysings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Verwysings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verwysings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_skakels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_skakels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Eksterne skakels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_skakels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kalium</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 167 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-167" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">167 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8D%96%E1%89%B3%E1%88%BA%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%9D" title="ፖታሺየም – Amharies" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ፖታሺየም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potasio" title="Potasio – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Potasio" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="पोटैशियम – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="पोटैशियम" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voorbladartikel"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="بوتاسيوم – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بوتاسيوم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="پوطاسيوم – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="پوطاسيوم" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="بوتاسيوم – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بوتاسيوم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potasiu" title="Potasiu – Asturies" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Potasiu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="पोटासियम – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="पोटासियम" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kalium" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%85" title="پوتاسیوم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پوتاسیوم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Калий – Baskir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Калий" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baskir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potasium" title="Potasium – Balinees" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Potasium" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potasyo" title="Potasyo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Potasyo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Калій – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Калій" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Каль – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Каль" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Калий – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Калий" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="पोटैशियम – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="पोटैशियम" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%90%E1%80%B2%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA" title="ပိုတဲတ်သီယမ် – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ပိုတဲတ်သီယမ်" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="পটাশিয়াম – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পটাশিয়াম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8D" title="དུག་སེལ། – Tibettaans" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="དུག་སེལ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibettaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potasiom" title="Potasiom – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Potasiom" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalij" title="Kalij – Bosnies" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kalij" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassi" title="Potassi – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Potassi" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A1k_(g%C4%ADng-s%E1%B9%B3%CC%86k)" title="Gák (gĭng-sṳ̆k) – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Gák (gĭng-sṳ̆k)" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potasio" title="Potasio – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Potasio" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%89%E1%8F%94%E1%8F%8F%E1%8E%A5%E1%8E%BB" title="ᏉᏔᏏᎥᎻ – Cherokees" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏉᏔᏏᎥᎻ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%85" title="پۆتاسیۆم – Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پۆتاسیۆم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassiu" title="Potassiu – Korsikaans" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Potassiu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korsikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drasl%C3%ADk" title="Draslík – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Draslík" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Калий – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Калий" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potasiwm" title="Potasiwm – Wallies" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Potasiwm" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kalium" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kalium" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%95%DE%AE%DE%93%DE%AD%DE%90%DE%A8%DE%87%DE%A6%DE%89%DE%B0" title="ޕޮޓޭސިއަމް – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ޕޮޓޭސިއަމް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Κάλιο – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κάλιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium" title="Potassium – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Potassium" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalio" title="Kalio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kalio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potasio" title="Potasio – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Potasio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaalium" title="Kaalium – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kaalium" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potasio" title="Potasio – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Potasio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potasiu" title="Potasiu – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Potasiu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%85" title="پتاسیم – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پتاسیم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kalium" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium – Faroëes" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Kalium" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroëes" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium" title="Potassium – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Potassium" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaalium" title="Kaalium – Noord-Fries" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kaalium" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Noord-Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassi" title="Potassi – Friuliaans" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Potassi" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friuliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potaisiam" title="Potaisiam – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Potaisiam" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%89%80" title="鉀 – Gan-Sjinees" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="鉀" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potasium" title="Potasium – Skotse Gallies" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Potasium" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Skotse Gallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potasio" title="Potasio – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Potasio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B6%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%AE" title="પોટેશિયમ – Goedjarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="પોટેશિયમ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Goedjarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potashum" title="Potashum – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Potashum" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kap" title="Kap – Hakka-Sjinees" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Kap" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potasiuma" title="Potasiuma – Hawais" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Potasiuma" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%9F" title="אשלגן – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אשלגן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="पोटैशियम – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पोटैशियम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium" title="Potassium – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Potassium" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalij" title="Kalij – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kalij" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potasy%C3%B2m" title="Potasyòm – Haïtiaans" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Potasyòm" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haïtiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A1lium" title="Kálium – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kálium" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Կալիում – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կալիում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium" title="Potassium – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Potassium" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kalium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalio" title="Kalio – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kalio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kal%C3%ADn" title="Kalín – Yslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kalín" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassio" title="Potassio – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Potassio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0" title="カリウム – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カリウム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/sodnrkali" title="sodnrkali – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="sodnrkali" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliyum" title="Kaliyum – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kaliyum" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="კალიუმი – Georgies" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კალიუმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C9%94tas%C9%A9y%C9%94m" title="Pɔtasɩyɔm – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Pɔtasɩyɔm" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potasium" title="Potasium – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Potasium" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Калий – Kazaks" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Калий" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D" title="ಪೊಟ್ಯಾಶಿಯಮ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪೊಟ್ಯಾಶಿಯಮ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%BC%EB%A5%A8" title="칼륨 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="칼륨" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qelye" title="Qelye – Koerdies" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Qelye" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Калий – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Калий" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassiom" title="Potassiom – Kornies" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Potassiom" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kornies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Калий – Kirgisies" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Калий" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Kalium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Kalium" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium – Limburgs" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Kalium" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potascio" title="Potascio – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Potascio" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassie" title="Potassie – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Potassie" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potasio" title="Potasio – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Potasio" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potasu" title="Potasu – Lingaals" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Potasu" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%9E%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%BD%E0%BA%A1" title="ໂພແທດຊຽມ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ໂພແທດຊຽມ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalis" title="Kalis – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kalis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%81lijs" title="Kālijs – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kālijs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Поташ – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Поташ" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konurehu" title="Konurehu – Maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Konurehu" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Калиум – Masedonies" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Калиум" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedonies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="പൊട്ടാസ്യം – Malabaars" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പൊട്ടാസ്യം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Кали – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Кали" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%9D" title="ꯄꯣꯇꯥꯁꯤꯌꯝ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯄꯣꯇꯥꯁꯤꯌꯝ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6" title="पलाश – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पलाश" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Калий – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Калий" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kalium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%90%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%86%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA" title="ပိုတက်ဆီယမ် – Birmaans" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ပိုတက်ဆီယမ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Калий – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Калий" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium – Nederduits" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Kalium" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Nederduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="पोटासियम – Nepalees" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="पोटासियम" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="पोटासियम – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="पोटासियम" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kalium" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium – Nuwe Noors" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kalium" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nuwe Noors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kalium" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Kalium" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassi" title="Potassi – Oksitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Potassi" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalii" title="Kalii – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Kalii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%9F%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%85%E0%AC%AE" title="ପୋଟାସିଅମ – Oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ପୋଟାସିଅମ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Калий – Osseties" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Калий" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Osseties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE" title="ਪੋਟਾਸ਼ੀਅਮ – Pandjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪੋਟਾਸ਼ੀਅਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="पोटासियम – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="पोटासियम" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potas" title="Potas – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Potas" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassi" title="Potassi – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Potassi" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%B9%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85" title="پوٹاشیم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پوٹاشیم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85" title="پوتاشیم – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="پوتاشیم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pot%C3%A1ssio" title="Potássio – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Potássio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalyu" title="Kalyu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kalyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voorbladartikel"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potasiu" title="Potasiu – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Potasiu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliu" title="Kaliu – Aromanies" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Kaliu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Калий – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Калий" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="पोटैशियम – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="पोटैशियम" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Калиум – Sakhaans" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Калиум" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakhaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pudassa" title="Pudassa – Sardinies" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Pudassa" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Put%C3%A0ssiu" title="Putàssiu – Sisiliaans" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Putàssiu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisiliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium" title="Potassium – Skots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Potassium" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%A6%D9%85" title="پوٽاشيئم – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="پوٽاشيئم" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalij" title="Kalij – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kalij" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%91%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A" title="පොටෑසියම් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පොටෑසියම්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium" title="Potassium – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Potassium" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drasl%C3%ADk" title="Draslík – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Draslík" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalij" title="Kalij – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kalij" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botashiyaam" title="Botashiyaam – Somalies" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Botashiyaam" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliumi" title="Kaliumi – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kaliumi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Калијум – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Калијум" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Kalium" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium – Sundanees" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kalium" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kalium" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali" title="Kali – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kali" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பொட்டாசியம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பொட்டாசியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B7%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82" title="పొటాషియం – Teloegoe" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పొటాషియం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Teloegoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Калий – Tadjiks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Калий" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadjiks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9E%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="โพแทสเซียม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โพแทสเซียม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potasyo" title="Potasyo – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Potasyo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potasyum" title="Potasyum – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Potasyum" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Калий – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Калий" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%89%D9%8A" title="كالىي – Uighur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="كالىي" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uighur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Калій – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Калій" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%B9%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A6%D9%85" title="پوٹاشیئم – Oerdoe" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پوٹاشیئم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Oerdoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliy" title="Kaliy – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kaliy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalii" title="Kalii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Kalii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali" title="Kali – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kali" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Kalium" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassiom" title="Potassiom – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Potassiom" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potasyo" title="Potasyo – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Potasyo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%92%BE" title="钾 – Wu-Sjinees" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="钾" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Калион – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Калион" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D" title="קאליום – Jiddisj" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קאליום" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisj" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium" title="Potassium – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Potassium" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyaz" title="Gyaz – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Gyaz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%92%BE" title="钾 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="钾" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%89%80" title="鉀 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="鉀" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium – Min Nan-Sjinees" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kalium" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%89%80" title="鉀 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="鉀" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UmKhosha" title="UmKhosha – Zoeloe" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="UmKhosha" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zoeloe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q703#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kalium" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bladsy</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bespreking:Kalium" rel="discussion" title="Bespreking oor die inhoudbladsy [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verander taalvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Afrikaans</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Weergawes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kalium"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&action=history" title="Ouer weergawes van hierdie bladsy [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gereedskap" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Gereedskap</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kalium"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&action=history"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Skakels_hierheen/Kalium" title="'n Lys bladsye wat hierheen skakel [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Skakels hierheen</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:OnlangseVeranderingsMetSkakels/Kalium" rel="nofollow" title="Onlangse wysigings aan bladsye wat vanaf hierdie bladsy geskakel is [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Verwante veranderings</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Spesiale_bladsye" title="'n Lys van al die spesiale bladsye [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesiale bladsye</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&oldid=2646643" title="'n Permanente skakel na hierdie weergawe van die bladsy"><span>Permanente skakel</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Bladinligting</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:CiteThisPage&page=Kalium&id=2646643&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Inligting oor hoe u hierdie bladsy kan verwys"><span>Haal dié blad aan</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKalium"><span>Kry verkorte URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKalium"><span>Laai QR-kode af</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Druk/uitvoer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Kalium"><span>Skep boek</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Kalium&action=show-download-screen"><span>Laai af as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&printable=yes" title="Drukbare weergawe van hierdie bladsy [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Drukbare weergawe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ander projekte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Potassium" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q703" title="Skakel na gekonnekteerde databank item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Voorkoms</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">versteek</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="right" style="margin-left: 0.5em"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2"> <table align="center" border="0"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" align="center"><b>Kalium</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="center"><a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">Na</a><br /><b>K</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Rubidium" title="Rubidium">Rb</a>  <br /> <br />  </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:K-TableImage.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kalium in die periodieke tabel"><img alt="Kalium in die periodieke tabel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/K-TableImage.svg/250px-K-TableImage.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/K-TableImage.svg/375px-K-TableImage.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/K-TableImage.svg/500px-K-TableImage.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="671" data-file-height="202" /></a></span><br /><div align="right"><small><a href="/wiki/Periodieke_tabel" title="Periodieke tabel">Volledige tabel</a></small></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#ff6666"><b><span style="color:black">Algemeen</span></b> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lys_van_elemente_volgens_naam" title="Lys van elemente volgens naam">Naam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lys_van_elemente_volgens_simbool" title="Lys van elemente volgens simbool">Simbool</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lys_van_elemente_volgens_getal" class="mw-redirect" title="Lys van elemente volgens getal">Getal</a> </td> <td>Kalium, K, 19 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chemiese_reeks" title="Chemiese reeks">Chemiese reeks</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alkalimetaal" title="Alkalimetaal">alkalimetale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Periodieke_tabel_groep" class="mw-redirect" title="Periodieke tabel groep">Groep</a>, <a href="/wiki/Periodieke_tabel_periode" class="mw-redirect" title="Periodieke tabel periode">Periode</a>, <a href="/wiki/Periodieke_tabel_blok" class="mw-redirect" title="Periodieke tabel blok">Blok</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Groep_1_element" class="mw-redirect" title="Groep 1 element">1 (IA)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Periode_4_element" title="Periode 4 element">4</a> , <a href="/wiki/S-blok" title="S-blok">s</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Digtheid" title="Digtheid">Digtheid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mohs_se_hardheidskaal" title="Mohs se hardheidskaal">Hardheid</a> </td> <td>856 <a href="/wiki/Kilogram_per_kubieke_meter" title="Kilogram per kubieke meter">kg/m<sup>3</sup></a>, 0.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kleur" title="Kleur">Voorkoms</a> </td> <td align="center">silwerig-wit<br /> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#ff6666"><b><span style="color:swart">Atoomeienskappe</span></b> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Atoomgewig" class="mw-redirect" title="Atoomgewig">Atoomgewig</a> </td> <td>39.0983 <a href="/wiki/Atoommassaeenhede" class="mw-redirect" title="Atoommassaeenhede">ame</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Atoomradius" title="Atoomradius">Atoomradius</a> (ber.) </td> <td>220 (243) <a href="/wiki/Picometer" class="mw-redirect" title="Picometer">pm</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kovalente_radius" class="mw-redirect" title="Kovalente radius">Kovalente radius</a> </td> <td>196 pm </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Van_der_Waals_radius" class="mw-redirect" title="Van der Waals radius">van der Waals radius</a> </td> <td>275 pm </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Elektronkonfigurasie" title="Elektronkonfigurasie">Elektronkonfigurasie</a> </td> <td>[<a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Ar</a>]4s<sup>1</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">e<sup>−</sup></a> e per <a href="/wiki/Energievlak" class="mw-redirect" title="Energievlak">energievlak</a> </td> <td>2, 8, 8, 1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Oksidasietoestand" title="Oksidasietoestand">Oksidasietoestande</a> (<a href="/wiki/Oksied" title="Oksied">Oksied</a>) </td> <td>1 (sterk <a href="/wiki/Basis_(chemie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Basis (chemie)">basis</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kristalstruktuur" title="Kristalstruktuur">Kristalstruktuur</a></td> <td>kubies liggaamsgesentreerd </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ruimtegroep" title="Ruimtegroep">Ruimtegroep</a></td> <td>Im<span style="text-decoration:overline;">3</span>m  nommer: 229 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Strukturbericht-klassifikasie" title="Strukturbericht-klassifikasie">Strukturbericht-kode</a></td> <td>A2<small></small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#ff6666"><b><span style="color:swart">Fisiese eienskappe</span></b> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Toestand_van_materie" title="Toestand van materie">Toestand van materie</a> </td> <td>vastestof </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Smeltpunt" title="Smeltpunt">Smeltpunt</a> </td> <td>336,53 <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a> (63,38 °<a href="/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius">C</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kookpunt" title="Kookpunt">Kookpunt</a> </td> <td>1032 K (758,85 °C) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mol%C3%AAre_volume" title="Molêre volume">Molêre volume</a> </td> <td>45,94 <a href="/wiki/Wetenskaplike_notasie" title="Wetenskaplike notasie">×</a>10<sup>−6</sup> <a href="/wiki/Kubieke_meter_per_mol" title="Kubieke meter per mol">m<sup>3</sup>/mol</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Verdampingswarmte" title="Verdampingswarmte">Verdampingswarmte</a> </td> <td>79,87 <a href="/wiki/Kilojoule_per_mol" title="Kilojoule per mol">kJ/mol</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Smeltingswarmte" title="Smeltingswarmte">Smeltingswarmte</a> </td> <td>2,334 kJ/mol </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dampdruk" title="Dampdruk">Dampdruk</a> </td> <td>1,06×10<sup>−4</sup> <a href="/wiki/Pascal_(eenheid)" title="Pascal (eenheid)">Pa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Spoed_van_klank" title="Spoed van klank">Spoed van klank</a> </td> <td>2000 <a href="/wiki/Meter_per_sekonde" title="Meter per sekonde">m/s</a> teen 293,15 K </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#ff6666"><b><span style="color:swart">Diverse</span></b> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Elektronegatiwiteit" title="Elektronegatiwiteit">Elektronegatiwiteit</a> </td> <td>0,82 (<a href="/wiki/Pauling_skaal" class="mw-redirect" title="Pauling skaal">Pauling skaal</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Spesifieke_warmtekapasiteit" class="mw-redirect" title="Spesifieke warmtekapasiteit">Spesifieke warmtekapasiteit</a> </td> <td>757 <a href="/wiki/Joule_per_kilogram-kelvin" class="mw-redirect" title="Joule per kilogram-kelvin">J/(kg*K)</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Elektriese_geleidingsvermo%C3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektriese geleidingsvermoë">Elektriese geleidingsvermoë</a> </td> <td>13,9 10<sup>6</sup>/(m·<a href="/wiki/Ohm" title="Ohm">ohm</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Termiese_geleidingsvermo%C3%AB" title="Termiese geleidingsvermoë">Termiese geleidingsvermoë</a> </td> <td>102,4 <a href="/wiki/Watt_per_meter-kelvin" class="mw-redirect" title="Watt per meter-kelvin">W/(m*K)</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1<sup>ste</sup> <a href="/wiki/Ionisasiepotensiaal" class="mw-redirect" title="Ionisasiepotensiaal">ionisasiepotensiaal</a> </td> <td>18,8 kJ/mol </td></tr> <tr> <td>2<sup>de</sup> ionisasiepotensiaal </td> <td>3052 kJ/mol </td></tr> <tr> <td>3<sup>de</sup> ionisasiepotensiaal </td> <td>4420 kJ/mol </td></tr> <tr> <td>4<sup>de</sup> ionisasiepotensiaal </td> <td>5877 kJ/mol </td></tr> <tr> <td>5<sup>de</sup> ionisasiepotensiaal </td> <td>7975 kJ/mol </td></tr> <tr> <td>6<sup>de</sup> ionisasiepotensiaal </td> <td>9590 kJ/mol </td></tr> <tr> <td>7<sup>de</sup> ionisasiepotensiaal </td> <td>11343 kJ/mol </td></tr> <tr> <td>8<sup>ste</sup> ionisasiepotensiaal </td> <td>14944 kJ/mol </td></tr> <tr> <td>9<sup>de</sup> ionisasiepotensiaal </td> <td>16963,7 kJ/mol </td></tr> <tr> <td>10<sup>de</sup> ionisasiepotensiaal </td> <td>48610 kJ/mol </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#ff6666"><b><span style="color:swart">Mees stabiele isotope</span></b> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Isotoop" title="Isotoop">iso</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Natuurlike_verspreiding" class="mw-redirect" title="Natuurlike verspreiding">NV</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Halfleeftyd" title="Halfleeftyd">halfleeftyd</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Vervalmodus" class="mw-redirect" title="Vervalmodus">VM</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Vervalenergie" title="Vervalenergie">VE</a> <a href="/wiki/Mega" title="Mega">M</a><a href="/wiki/Elektronvolt" title="Elektronvolt">eV</a><br /> [nie SI] </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Vervalproduk" title="Vervalproduk">VP</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kalium-39" title="Kalium-39"><sup>39</sup>K</a> </td> <td><b>93.26%</b> </td> <td colspan="4">K is <a href="/wiki/Stabiele_isotoop" title="Stabiele isotoop">stabiel</a> met 20 <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">neutrone</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kalium-40" title="Kalium-40"><sup>40</sup>K</a> </td> <td>0,012% </td> <td>1,277 E<sup>9</sup> j </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Beta-emissie" class="mw-redirect" title="Beta-emissie">β<sup>-</sup></a><br /><a href="/wiki/Elektronvangs" title="Elektronvangs">ε</a> </td> <td>1,311<br />1.505 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kalsium" title="Kalsium"><sup>40</sup>Ca</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon"><sup>40</sup>Ar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kalium-41" title="Kalium-41"><sup>41</sup>K</a> </td> <td>6,73% </td> <td colspan="4">K is stabiel met 22 neutrone </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/SI" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="SI">SI</a> eenhede en <a href="/wiki/Standaard_temperatuur_en_druk" class="mw-redirect" title="Standaard temperatuur en druk">STD</a> word gebruik tensy anders vermeld. </th></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Kalium</b> is 'n <a href="/wiki/Chemiese_element" title="Chemiese element">chemiese element</a> in die <a href="/wiki/Periodieke_tabel" title="Periodieke tabel">periodieke tabel</a> met die simbool <b>K</b> en <a href="/wiki/Atoomgetal" title="Atoomgetal">atoomgetal</a> van 19. Dit is 'n sagte, silwerwit metaalagtige <a href="/wiki/Alkalimetaal" title="Alkalimetaal">alkalimetaal</a> wat natuurlik in verbinding met ander elemente voorkom in <a href="/wiki/Seewater" title="Seewater">seewater</a> en baie ander <a href="/wiki/Mineraal" title="Mineraal">minerale</a>. Dit <a href="/wiki/Oksidasie" title="Oksidasie">oksideer</a> vinnig in <a href="/wiki/Lug" class="mw-redirect" title="Lug">lug</a>, is baie reaktief, veral in <a href="/wiki/Water" title="Water">water</a>, met sy chemiese eienskappe baie soortgelyk aan dié van <a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">natrium</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geskiedenis">Geskiedenis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Geskiedenis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Geskiedenis"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><i><div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Die hoofartikel vir hierdie afdeling is: <a href="/wiki/Potas" title="Potas">Potas</a>.</div></i></dd></dl> <p>Kalium is in <a href="/wiki/1807" title="1807">1807</a> deur Sir <a href="/wiki/Humphry_Davy" title="Humphry Davy">Humphry Davy</a> ontdek,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> wat dit vanuit <a href="/wiki/Bytpotas" class="mw-redirect" title="Bytpotas">bytpotas</a> (K<a href="/wiki/Hidroksied" title="Hidroksied">OH</a>) onttrek het. Dié alkalimetaal was die eerste wat met behulp van <a href="/wiki/Elektrolise" title="Elektrolise">elektrolise</a> voorberei is. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kenmerkende_eienskappe">Kenmerkende eienskappe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Kenmerkende eienskappe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Kenmerkende eienskappe"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Die_metaal">Die metaal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Die metaal" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Die metaal"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Met 'n digtheid laer as water is kalium die tweede ligste metaal na <a href="/wiki/Litium" title="Litium">litium</a>. Dit is 'n sagte vastestof wat maklik met 'n mes gesny kan word en het 'n silwerwit kleur op vars blootgestelde oppervlaktes. Dit <a href="/wiki/Oksidasie" title="Oksidasie">oksideer</a> vinnig in <a href="/wiki/Lug" class="mw-redirect" title="Lug">lug</a> en moet in minerale olie soos <a href="/wiki/Keroseen" class="mw-redirect" title="Keroseen">keroseen</a> bewaar word. Dit hang saam met die feit dat die elektronkonfigurasie van 'n kaliumatoom [Ar]4s<sup>1</sup> is. Die een 4s<sup>1</sup>-<a href="/wiki/Valenselektron" title="Valenselektron">valenselektron</a> kan maklik afgestaan word en die element is daardeur 'n sterk reduseermiddel.<sup id="cite_ref-Burk_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burk-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Soortgelyk aan ander alkalimetale het kalium 'n lae digtheid en 'n lae smeltpunt en reageer die metaal heftig met water met die vrystelling van <a href="/wiki/Waterstof" title="Waterstof">waterstof</a> <sup id="cite_ref-Gee_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gee-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> en die vorming van 'n sterk <a href="/wiki/Basis" title="Basis">basis</a>. </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 2K(s)+2H_{2}O(l)\rightarrow 2K^{+}+H_{2}(g)\uparrow +2OH^{-}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>2</mn> <mi>K</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>s</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi>O</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>l</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msup> <mi>K</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>g</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">↑</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>O</mi> <msup> <mi>H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 2K(s)+2H_{2}O(l)\rightarrow 2K^{+}+H_{2}(g)\uparrow +2OH^{-}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4cdf9b50cd38b875ad159719d288805d6c840140" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:45.336ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 2K(s)+2H_{2}O(l)\rightarrow 2K^{+}+H_{2}(g)\uparrow +2OH^{-}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Wanneer dit in die lug in kontak met water kom, kan dit spontaan ontbrand. Dit reageer ook heftig met die meeste <a href="/wiki/Suur" title="Suur">sure</a> met die vrystelling van waterstof. </p><p>Kalium los in vloeibare <a href="/wiki/Ammoniak" title="Ammoniak">ammoniak</a> op en vorm 'n donkerblou oplossing, maar die metaal kan deur verdamping van die vloeistof herwin word. Dit is 'n gevolg van die solvasasie van kalium se een valenselektron deur ammoniakmolekules: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle K(s)+nNH_{3}(l)\rightarrow K^{+}(am)+e^{-}(am)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>K</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>s</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mi>N</mi> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>l</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <msup> <mi>K</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mi>m</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mi>m</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle K(s)+nNH_{3}(l)\rightarrow K^{+}(am)+e^{-}(am)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/34ebb38de125f7f34bde33ca1eb490659b3e470c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:39.565ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle K(s)+nNH_{3}(l)\rightarrow K^{+}(am)+e^{-}(am)}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Die gesolvateerde elektron (e<sup>-</sup><span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>n</sub></span>) kan verder reageer en waterstof vrystel, maar hierdie reaksie is 'n ewewig: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 2e^{-}(am)+2NH_{3}\leftrightarrows 2NH_{2}^{-}+H_{2}(g)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>2</mn> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mi>m</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>N</mi> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">⇆</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>N</mi> <msubsup> <mi>H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>g</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 2e^{-}(am)+2NH_{3}\leftrightarrows 2NH_{2}^{-}+H_{2}(g)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/58d11976705ad6667e0b77f4a6f3b3371c201ecd" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:37.094ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 2e^{-}(am)+2NH_{3}\leftrightarrows 2NH_{2}^{-}+H_{2}(g)}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Die ewewigskonstante vir hierdie reaksie is K=10<sup>6</sup> teen 25 °C. Selfs indien die druk van die waterstofgas op net 0,1 Atm gehandhaaf word, kan die vrye elektrone se spin in die oplossing met elektronspinresonansie waargeneem word.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Maar in water kan die blou kleur ook effens waargeneem word maar die gesolvateerde elektron is nie stabiel nie en vorm vinnig waterstof.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kalium reageer heftig met teflon, selfs in 'n inerte atmosfeer. Moenie toerusting wat teflon-bedekte roerstawe, pakkings of kleppe bevat, gebruik nie.<sup id="cite_ref-Burk_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burk-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legerings">Legerings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Legerings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Legerings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kalium vorm legerings of soms intermetaalverbindings met heelparty metale, soos <a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">Na</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sink" title="Sink">Zn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kadmium" title="Kadmium">Cd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kwik" title="Kwik">Hg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indium" title="Indium">In</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tallium" title="Tallium">Tl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tin" title="Tin">Sn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lood" title="Lood">Pb</a> en <a href="/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut">Bi</a>. Die legerings is gewoonlik minder rekbaar as die metaal self. Met <a href="/wiki/Rubidium" title="Rubidium">rubidium</a> en <a href="/wiki/Sesium" title="Sesium">sesium</a> word 'n volledige reeks van <a href="/wiki/Mengkristal" title="Mengkristal">mengkristalle</a> gevorm.<sup id="cite_ref-Burk_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burk-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 'n Goeie voorbeeld van intermetaalverbindings is die K-Sn-stelsel wat vyf stoigiometriese verbindings bevat: <span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">K<sub>2</sub>Sn</span>, <span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">KSn</span>, <span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">K<sub>2</sub>Sn<sub>3</sub></span>,<span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">KSn<sub>2</sub></span> en <span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">K<sub>4</sub>Sn<sub>23</sub></span>. Hulle het almal hoër smeltpunte as kalium en tin self. <span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">K<sub>2</sub>Sn<sub>3</sub></span> is die hoogste (860 °<a href="/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius">C</a>) en die enigste fase wat kongruent smelt. Die ander vier ontbind peritekties.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interkalasie">Interkalasie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Wysig afdeling: Interkalasie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Interkalasie"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kalium vorm <a href="/wiki/Interkalasie_(chemie)" title="Interkalasie (chemie)">interkalate</a> met grafiet. In <span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">C<sub>8</sub>K</span> word alle vlakke tusen die grafeenlae met kalium gevul. In interkalate soos <span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">C<sub>24</sub>K</span> en <span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">C<sub>36</sub>K</span> vind interkalasie in elke tweede of derde vlak plaas. Kaliumgrafiet is 'n sterk reduseermiddel wat gebruik word om ongewenste organiese onsuiwerhede te verwyder soos gehalogeneerde koolwaterstowwe.<sup id="cite_ref-Burk_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burk-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sy_verbindings">Sy verbindings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Wysig afdeling: Sy verbindings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Sy verbindings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kalium vorm kaliumsuperoksied <span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">KO<sub>2</sub></span> as die vloeibare metaal in lug geatomiseer word. Hierdie geel poeier kan suurstof afgee en <a href="/wiki/Kaliumoksied" title="Kaliumoksied">kaliumoksied</a> vorm: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 4KO_{2}\rightarrow 2K_{2}O+3O_{2}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>4</mn> <mi>K</mi> <msub> <mi>O</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi>O</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>3</mn> <msub> <mi>O</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 4KO_{2}\rightarrow 2K_{2}O+3O_{2}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/715360be368bb93518285be2a1a4d7271307e9b9" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:22.463ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 4KO_{2}\rightarrow 2K_{2}O+3O_{2}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Die oksied kan koolstofdioksied opneem en hierdie eienskappe word in asemhalingsapparate en in die <a href="/wiki/Ruimtevaart" title="Ruimtevaart">ruimtevaart</a> gebruik.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 'n Kors van geel superoksied kan stadig vorm as kalium lank in olie bewaar word. Dit kan gevare oplewer omdat dit met die olie waarin dit bewaar word kan reageer en 'n ontploffing veroorsaak as iemand dit probeer afsny. Teen 200-300 °C word die peroksied <span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">K<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub></span> gevorm.<sup id="cite_ref-Burk_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burk-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kaliumhidried <span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">KH</span> kan van kalium en waterstof vervaardig word in 'n oliedispersie teen 200 °C. Die verbinding word in die organiese sintese gebruik, bv. in ketoonenolisasiereaksies.<sup id="cite_ref-Burk_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burk-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kalium reageer met <a href="/wiki/Alkohol" title="Alkohol">alkohole</a> soos <a href="/wiki/Metanol" title="Metanol">metanol</a> en vorm etoksiede en waterstof:<sup id="cite_ref-Burk_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burk-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 2K(s)+2CH_{3}OH\rightarrow 2CH_{3}OK+H_{2}\uparrow }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>2</mn> <mi>K</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>s</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>C</mi> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi>O</mi> <mi>H</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>C</mi> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi>O</mi> <mi>K</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">↑</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 2K(s)+2CH_{3}OH\rightarrow 2CH_{3}OK+H_{2}\uparrow }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2ef36c248f18cbc732af2fcd854416629e0a1fe1" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:39.721ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 2K(s)+2CH_{3}OH\rightarrow 2CH_{3}OK+H_{2}\uparrow }"></span></dd></dl> <p>Etoksiede soos hierdie kaliummetoksied word ook as organiese <a href="/wiki/Reagens" title="Reagens">reagense</a> aangewend. </p><p>Kalium vorm die eenwaardige ioon <span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">K<sup>+</sup></span> in talle verbindings en vorm <a href="/wiki/Sout_(chemiese_stof)" title="Sout (chemiese stof)">soute</a> met amper alle <a href="/wiki/Anioon" class="mw-redirect" title="Anioon">anione</a>. Kaliumsoute straal 'n <a href="/wiki/Violet_(kleur)" class="mw-redirect" title="Violet (kleur)">violet</a> <a href="/wiki/Kleur" title="Kleur">kleur</a> uit wanneer dit aan 'n vlam blootgestel word.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die meeste soute van kalium is oplosbaar in water.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 'n Uitsondering is dikaliumnatriumkobaltinitriet <span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">K<sub>2</sub>NaCo(NO<sub>2</sub>)<sub>6</sub></span>.2<span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">H<sub>2</sub>O</span>. Dit vorm 'n goue geel neerslag as 'n oplossing van natriumkobaltinitriet en 'n oplosing van kaliumione saamgevoeg word.<sup id="cite_ref-Nost_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nost-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aanwendings">Aanwendings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Wysig afdeling: Aanwendings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Aanwendings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die gebruik van sy verbindings is met 'n aantal ordes van grootte belangriker as die metaal s'n. Kaliumverbindings is veral belangrik as <a href="/wiki/Kunsmis" title="Kunsmis">kunsmis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Nost_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nost-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Die kaliumminhoud van kunsmis word gewoonlik in %K<sub>2</sub>O (<a href="/wiki/Kaliumoksied" title="Kaliumoksied">kaliumoksied</a>) uitgedruk,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Hierdie element is 'n noodsaaklike voedingstof vir <a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">plantegroei</a> en kan in die meeste <a href="/wiki/Grond" title="Grond">grondsoorte</a> gevind word.</li> <li>Kalium speel 'n belangrike biologiese rol in <a href="/wiki/Dier" title="Dier">diere</a> se <a href="/wiki/Sel_(biologie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sel (biologie)">selle</a>. (sien <a href="/wiki/Na-K_pomp" title="Na-K pomp">Na-K pomp</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaliumnitraat" title="Kaliumnitraat">Kaliumnitraat</a> word in <a href="/wiki/Buskruit" title="Buskruit">buskruit</a> gebruik.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaliumkarbonaat" title="Kaliumkarbonaat">Kaliumkarbonaat</a> word gebruik in die vervaardiging van <a href="/wiki/Glas" title="Glas">glas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NaK" title="NaK">NaK</a>, 'n <a href="/wiki/Legering" title="Legering">legering</a> van <a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">natrium</a> en kalium, word gebruik as hitte-oordrag medium.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaliumchloried" title="Kaliumchloried">Kaliumchloried</a> word soms as vervanging vir <a href="/wiki/Tafelsout" title="Tafelsout">tafelsout</a> gebruik<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> en ook om die hart te stop in <a href="/wiki/Chirurgie" title="Chirurgie">hartchirurgie</a> en by teregstellings deur middel van dodelike inspuitings.</li></ul> <p>Daar bestaan baie kaliumsoute wat kommersieel van belang is. Dit sluit in: die <a href="/wiki/Kaliumbromied" title="Kaliumbromied">bromied</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaliumkarbonaat" title="Kaliumkarbonaat">karbonaat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaliumchloraat" title="Kaliumchloraat">chloraat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaliumchloried" title="Kaliumchloried">chloried</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaliumchromaat" title="Kaliumchromaat">chromaat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaliumsianied" title="Kaliumsianied">sianied</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaliumdichromaat" title="Kaliumdichromaat">dichromaat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaliumhidroksied" title="Kaliumhidroksied">hidroksied</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaliumjodied" title="Kaliumjodied">jodied</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaliumnitraat" title="Kaliumnitraat">nitraat</a> en <a href="/wiki/Kaliumsulfaat" title="Kaliumsulfaat">sulfaat</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verspreiding">Verspreiding</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Wysig afdeling: Verspreiding" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Verspreiding"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kalium is in die <a href="/wiki/Sonnestelsel" title="Sonnestelsel">sonnestelsel</a> die 20ste volopste element,<sup id="cite_ref-Kun_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kun-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> maar die element maak ongeveer 2.4% van die <a href="/wiki/Aarde" title="Aarde">Aarde</a> se kors uit en is die sewende volopste element daarin. In die aarde se kern is waarskynlik min kalium. </p><p>Voorkoms in die aarde se buitenste lae:<sup id="cite_ref-Kun_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kun-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Deel</th> <th>Konsentrasie in dpm </th></tr> <tr> <td>Riviere</td> <td>2,3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Oseaan</td> <td>399 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kontinentale kors</td> <td>16,133 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kontinentale sediment</td> <td>17,765 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Boonste kontinentale kors</td> <td>23,244 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Middel kontinentale kors</td> <td>19,093 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Onderste kontinentale kors</td> <td>5 064 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Oseaniese kors</td> <td>651 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Middeloseaniese_rif" class="mw-redirect" title="Middeloseaniese rif">Middeloseaniese rif</a>-<a href="/wiki/Basalt" title="Basalt">basalt</a></td> <td>1 237 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Oseaaneiland se basalt</td> <td>6 890 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mantel</td> <td>191 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Die meeste kalium in die kors is egter deel van silikaatminerale en die <a href="/wiki/Oplosbaarheid" title="Oplosbaarheid">onoplosbaarheid</a> daarvan maak dit moeilik om kalium vanuit hierdie <a href="/wiki/Mineraal" title="Mineraal">minerale</a> te ontgin. </p><p>Ander minerale soos <a href="/wiki/Karnalliet" title="Karnalliet">karnalliet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Langbeiniet" title="Langbeiniet">langbeiniet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polihaliet" title="Polihaliet">polihaliet</a> en <a href="/wiki/Silviet" title="Silviet">silviet</a> word egter in antieke neerslae in <a href="/wiki/Meer" title="Meer">mere</a> en <a href="/wiki/See" title="See">seebodems</a> gevind. Hierdie minerale is evaporiete, gevorm deur verdamping van seewater in baie droë omstandighede. Dit vorm groot neerslae wat die ekonomiese ontginning van kalium en sy soute moontlik maak.<sup id="cite_ref-Gee_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gee-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die hoofbron van kalium, potas, word in <a href="/wiki/Kaliforni%C3%AB" title="Kalifornië">Kalifornië</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duitsland" title="Duitsland">Duitsland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nieu-Meksiko" title="Nieu-Meksiko">Nieu-Meksiko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a> en ander plekke in die wêreld gemyn. Byna 'n kilometer onder die oppervlak van <a href="/wiki/Saskatchewan" title="Saskatchewan">Saskatchewan</a> in Kanada is daar groot neerslae potas wat moontlik 'n belangrike bron van hierdie element en sy soute in die toekoms kan wees. Die teenwoordigheid van kalium in minerale kan egter ook 'n probleem wees. Ysterertse soos dié wat gevind word in die myn van <a href="/wiki/Sishen" class="mw-redirect" title="Sishen">Sishen</a> bevat 'n relatief hoë kaliuminhoud. Dit veroorsaak probleme in die ertsverwerking en dit gee die ystererts 'n laer kwaliteit. 'n Oplossing sou wees om kalium te verwyder deur die erts met 'n oplossing van <a href="/wiki/Sitroensuur" title="Sitroensuur">sitroensuur</a> uit te loog, bv. deur <i>Aspergillus niger</i> te teel en dit <a href="/wiki/Glukose" title="Glukose">glukose</a> te voer.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Die oseane is 'n verdere bron van kalium maar die hoeveelhede wat aanwesig is in 'n gegewe volume <a href="/wiki/Seewater" title="Seewater">seewater</a>, is relatief laag in vergelyking met <a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">natrium</a>. </p><p>Kaliummetaal word geensins in onverbonde vorm in die natuur aangetref nie. Die metaal kalium kan geïsoleer word deur die <a href="/wiki/Elektrolise" title="Elektrolise">elektrolise</a> van sy <a href="/wiki/Kaliumhidroksied" title="Kaliumhidroksied">hidroksied</a> in 'n proses wat weinig verander het sedert <a href="/wiki/Humphry_Davy" title="Humphry Davy">Davy</a> se tyd. Termiese metodes word ook ingespan vir kaliumproduksie deur van <a href="/wiki/Kaliumchloried" title="Kaliumchloried">kaliumchloried</a> gebruik te maak. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Isotope">Isotope</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Wysig afdeling: Isotope" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Isotope"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:PotassiumFeldsparUSGOV.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/PotassiumFeldsparUSGOV.jpg/220px-PotassiumFeldsparUSGOV.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/PotassiumFeldsparUSGOV.jpg/330px-PotassiumFeldsparUSGOV.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/PotassiumFeldsparUSGOV.jpg 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="307" /></a><figcaption>Kalium in <a href="/wiki/Veldspaat" title="Veldspaat">veldspaat</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Daar is sewentien <a href="/wiki/Isotoop" title="Isotoop">isotope</a> van kalium bekend. Die nie-sintetiese vorm van kalium bestaan uit drie isotope: <a href="/wiki/Kalium-39" title="Kalium-39">K-39</a> (93.3%), <a href="/wiki/Kalium-40" title="Kalium-40">K-40</a> (0.01%) en <a href="/wiki/Kalium-41" title="Kalium-41">K-41</a> (6.7%). K-40, wat natuurlik voorkom, verval na stabiele <a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Ar-40</a> (11.2%) deur <a href="/wiki/Elektronvangs" title="Elektronvangs">elektronvangs</a> en deur <a href="/wiki/Betadeeltjie#β+-verval_(positronvrystelling)" title="Betadeeltjie">positronvrystelling</a> en na stabiele <a href="/wiki/Kalsium" title="Kalsium">Ca-40</a> (88.8%) deur <a href="/wiki/Beta-verval" class="mw-redirect" title="Beta-verval">beta-verval</a>. K-40 het 'n <a href="/wiki/Halfleeftyd" title="Halfleeftyd">halfleeftyd</a> van 1,250 ×miljard jaar. </p><p>Albei die stabiele isotope <sup>39</sup>K en <sup>41</sup>K word gedurende die suurstofverbranding in die ontploffings van <a href="/wiki/Supernova#Tipe_II" title="Supernova">tipe II-supernovas</a> vervaardig. Die sintese van <sup>41</sup>K is nogtans indirek. Eers word <sup>41</sup>Ca gevorm wat 'n halfleeftyd van ongeveer 0,1 miljoen jaar het. </p><p>Die radioaktiewe isotoop <sup>40</sup>K kan deur twee prosesse gevorm word: <sup id="cite_ref-Kun_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kun-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li>suurstofverbranding in 'n tipe II supernova (soos die stabiele isotope)</li> <li>die vangs van stadige neutrone (die s-proses) deur die <sup>39</sup>K(n,γ)<sup>40</sup>K-proses</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="K-40">K-40</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Wysig afdeling: K-40" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: K-40"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><i><div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Die hoofartikel vir hierdie afdeling is: <a href="/wiki/Kalium-40" title="Kalium-40">Kalium-40</a>.</div></i></dd></dl> <p>Die verval van K-40 na Ar-40 word algemeen gebruik in die datering van rotse. Die konvensionele K-Ar dateringmetode is afhanklik van die aanname dat die rotse geen argon bevat het tydens die vorming daarvan nie en dat alle radiogeniese argon (d.w.s. Ar-40) in die rots behoue gebly het. M.a.w. die rots is 'n geslote stelsel. <a href="/wiki/Mineraal" title="Mineraal">Minerale</a> word gedateer deur die vasstelling van die kaliumkonsentrasie en die hoeveelheid radiogeniese Ar-40 wat geakkummuleer het. Die minerale wat hulle die beste leen tot datering op hierdie manier is <a href="/wiki/Biotiet" title="Biotiet">biotiet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muskoviet" title="Muskoviet">muskoviet</a> en plutoniese/hoëgraadse horingblende, vulkaniese <a href="/wiki/Veldspaat" title="Veldspaat">veldspaat</a>. Hele rotsmonsters vanaf vulkaniese vloeie en vlak insnydings kan ook gedateer word as hulle nie verweer is nie. </p><p>K-40 kom in natuurlike kalium (en daarom ook in kommersiële plaasvervangers vir tafelsout) in groot genoeg hoeveelhede voor dat groot sakke van hierdie plaasvervangers gebruik kan word as radio-aktiewe bronne vir klaskamerdemonstrasies.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Behalwe vir datering is kalium-isotope ook baie gebruik as <a href="/wiki/Spoorder" title="Spoorder">spoorders</a>, bv. in <a href="/wiki/Verwering" title="Verwering">verweringstudies</a>. Hulle word ook gebruik in die studies van die <a href="/wiki/Voedingstof" title="Voedingstof">voedingkringloop</a> omdat kalium 'n makro<a href="/wiki/Voedingstof" title="Voedingstof">voedingstof</a> is wat 'n vereiste vir <a href="/wiki/Lewe" title="Lewe">lewe</a> is. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Die_stabiele_isotope">Die stabiele isotope</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Wysig afdeling: Die stabiele isotope" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Die stabiele isotope"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><i><div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Die hoofartikel vir hierdie afdeling is: <a href="/wiki/Kalium-41" title="Kalium-41">Kalium-41</a>.</div></i></dd></dl> <p>Die verhouding tussen die beide stabiele isotope is belangrik in die <a href="/wiki/Geochemie" title="Geochemie">geochemie</a> en die studie van <a href="/wiki/Meteoriet" title="Meteoriet">meteoriete</a>. Vooruitgang in die massaspektrometie (veral MC-ICP-MS) het dit sedert 2012 moontlik gemaak. Die verhouding <sup>39</sup>K/<sup>41</sup>K van die standaardmonster NiST SRM 985 is 13,8566±0,0063. Afwykings van hierdie waarde word gewoonlik uitgedruk as δ<sup>41</sup>K, gedefinieer as:<sup id="cite_ref-Kun_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kun-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \delta ^{41}K=\left[{{\frac {(^{41}K/^{39}K_{monster})}{(^{41}K/^{39}K_{standaard})}}-1}\right]*1000}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>δ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>41</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>K</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>[</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <msup> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>41</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>K</mi> <msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>39</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>m</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mi>s</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mi>e</mi> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>41</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>K</mi> <msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>39</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>s</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mi>d</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>r</mi> <mi>d</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mo>]</mo> </mrow> <mo>∗</mo> <mn>1000</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \delta ^{41}K=\left[{{\frac {(^{41}K/^{39}K_{monster})}{(^{41}K/^{39}K_{standaard})}}-1}\right]*1000}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a89a567dfd682e52402cc129c21a17999c31c6d1" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.171ex; width:40.905ex; height:7.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \delta ^{41}K=\left[{{\frac {(^{41}K/^{39}K_{monster})}{(^{41}K/^{39}K_{standaard})}}-1}\right]*1000}"></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kalium_in_die_dieet">Kalium in die dieet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Wysig afdeling: Kalium in die dieet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Kalium in die dieet"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kalium is 'n noodsaaklike mineraal in daaglikse <a href="/wiki/Voeding" title="Voeding">voeding</a>; dit help met spiersametrekkings en die behoud van die elektroliet-balans in liggaamselle.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In lewende organismes speel die K<sup>+</sup> ioon 'n uiters noodsaaklike rol in die fisiologie van prikkelbare selle. Kalium speel 'n belangrike rol in die oordra van senuwee-impulse en in die vrystelling van energie uit <a href="/wiki/Prote%C3%AFen" title="Proteïen">proteïen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vet" title="Vet">vet</a>, en <a href="/wiki/Koolhidraat" title="Koolhidraat">koolhidrate</a> tydens metabolisme. 'n Tekort van kalium kan 'n potensieel noodlottige toestand, bekend as hipokalemie, tot gevolg hê.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die eet van 'n verskeidenheid voedselsoorte wat kalium bevat is die beste manier om genoegsame hoeveelhede in te neem. Gesonde indiwidue wat 'n gebalanseerde dieet volg, het selde aanvullings nodig. Goeie bronne van kalium sluit in <a href="/wiki/Vleis" title="Vleis">vleis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tamatie" title="Tamatie">tamaties</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lemoen" title="Lemoen">lemoensap</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boontjie" title="Boontjie">witbone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aartappel" title="Aartappel">aartappels</a> en <a href="/wiki/Piesang" title="Piesang">piesangs</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2205490">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.famousscientists.org/humphry-davy/">"Humphry Davy"</a>. Famous Scientists.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Humphry+Davy&rft.pub=Famous+Scientists&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.famousscientists.org%2Fhumphry-davy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKalium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Burk-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Burk_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Burk_2-1">2,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Burk_2-2">2,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Burk_2-3">2,3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Burk_2-4">2,4</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Burk_2-5">2,5</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Burk_2-6">2,6</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation book cs1">Burkhardt, E.R (2006). <i>Potassium and Potassium Alloys. 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Eversmann (1946). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMKB28:011221000:00225"><i>Scheikunde voor het middelbaar en gymnasiaal onderwijs</i></a>. Wolters.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Scheikunde+voor+het+middelbaar+en+gymnasiaal+onderwijs&rft.pub=Wolters&rft.date=1946&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fresolver.kb.nl%2Fresolve%3Furn%3DMMKB28%3A011221000%3A00225&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKalium" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Cite_book" title="Sjabloon:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: AS1-onderhoud: gebruik authors-parameter (<a href="/wiki/Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud:_gebruik_authors-parameter" title="Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud: gebruik authors-parameter">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation journal cs1">Ernest J. Kirschke William L. Jolly (1965). "Reversibility of Reaction of Potassium with Liquid Ammonia". <i>Science</i>. <b>147</b>: 45–46. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.147.3653.45">10.1126/science.147.3653.45</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Reversibility+of+Reaction+of+Potassium+with+Liquid+Ammonia&rft.volume=147&rft.pages=45-46&rft.date=1965&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.147.3653.45&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKalium" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Cite_journal" title="Sjabloon:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: AS1-onderhoud: gebruik authors-parameter (<a href="/wiki/Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud:_gebruik_authors-parameter" title="Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud: gebruik authors-parameter">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VUfJWuhmygA&t=11s">Youtube video</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation journal cs1">Sangster, J., Bale, C. (1998). 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B. JACKSON and R. C. WERNER (1957). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ba-1957-0019.ch019">"Manufacture and Use of Potassium Superoxide; in:RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS HANDLING AND USES OF THE ALKALI METALS Chapter 19"</a>. <i>Advances in Chemistry</i>. <b>19</b>: 174–177. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fba-1957-0019.ch019">10.1021/ba-1957-0019.ch019</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Manufacture+and+Use+of+Potassium+Superoxide%3B+in%3ARIGHTS+%26+PERMISSIONS+HANDLING+AND+USES+OF+THE+ALKALI+METALS+Chapter+19&rft.volume=19&rft.pages=174-177&rft.date=1957&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fba-1957-0019.ch019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubs.acs.org%2Fdoi%2F10.1021%2Fba-1957-0019.ch019&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKalium" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Cite_journal" title="Sjabloon:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: AS1-onderhoud: gebruik authors-parameter (<a href="/wiki/Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud:_gebruik_authors-parameter" title="Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud: gebruik authors-parameter">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation book cs1">J.J. Leys (1908). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMSFUBA02:000010769:00061"><i>Eenvoudige lessen in de scheikunde, voor land- en tuinbouwcursussen en zelfstudie</i></a>. Zurich.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eenvoudige+lessen+in+de+scheikunde%2C+voor+land-+en+tuinbouwcursussen+en+zelfstudie&rft.pub=Zurich&rft.date=1908&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fresolver.kb.nl%2Fresolve%3Furn%3DMMSFUBA02%3A000010769%3A00061&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKalium" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Cite_book" title="Sjabloon:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: AS1-onderhoud: gebruik authors-parameter (<a href="/wiki/Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud:_gebruik_authors-parameter" title="Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud: gebruik authors-parameter">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFSlijper,_Hessel_Johannes;_Edelman,_Hendrik_Johan_(scheikundige)_Kooy,_Jan_(scheikundige)1939" class="citation book cs1">Slijper, Hessel Johannes; Edelman, Hendrik Johan (scheikundige) Kooy, Jan (scheikundige) (1939). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMKB21:043639000:00086"><i>Beknopt leerboek der scheikunde en van haar toepassingen</i></a>. Thieme.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Beknopt+leerboek+der+scheikunde+en+van+haar+toepassingen&rft.pub=Thieme&rft.date=1939&rft.au=Slijper%2C+Hessel+Johannes%3B+Edelman%2C+Hendrik+Johan+%28scheikundige%29+Kooy%2C+Jan+%28scheikundige%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fresolver.kb.nl%2Fresolve%3Furn%3DMMKB21%3A043639000%3A00086&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKalium" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Cite_book" title="Sjabloon:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: AS1-onderhoud: meer as een naam (<a href="/wiki/Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud:_meer_as_een_naam" title="Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud: meer as een naam">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nost-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Nost_10-0">10,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Nost_10-1">10,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation book cs1">G.D. Considine (Ed.). (2006). <i>Potassium. In: Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia</i>. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F0471743984.vse5719">10.1002/0471743984.vse5719</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Potassium.+In%3A+Van+Nostrand%27s+Scientific+Encyclopedia&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F0471743984.vse5719&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKalium" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Cite_book" title="Sjabloon:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: AS1-onderhoud: gebruik authors-parameter (<a href="/wiki/Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud:_gebruik_authors-parameter" title="Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud: gebruik authors-parameter">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tfi.org/sites/default/files/tfi-potassium.pdf">"Potassium"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. tfi.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Potassium&rft.pub=tfi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tfi.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Ftfi-potassium.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKalium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1">Yasaman Pirahanchi Rishita Jessu; Narothama R. Aeddula. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537088/">"Physiology, Sodium Potassium Pump"</a>. NBCI NIH.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Physiology%2C+Sodium+Potassium+Pump&rft.pub=NBCI+NIH&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fbooks%2FNBK537088%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKalium" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Cite_web" title="Sjabloon:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: AS1-onderhoud: gebruik authors-parameter (<a href="/wiki/Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud:_gebruik_authors-parameter" title="Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud: gebruik authors-parameter">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brown.edu/Departments/Joukowsky_Institute/courses/13things/7687.html#:~:text=%E2%80%9CGunpowder%2C%E2%80%9D%20as%20it%20came,for%20a%20life%2Dextending%20elixir.">"Gunpowder: Origins in the East"</a>. Brown University.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gunpowder%3A+Origins+in+the+East&rft.pub=Brown+University.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brown.edu%2FDepartments%2FJoukowsky_Institute%2Fcourses%2F13things%2F7687.html%23%3A~%3Atext%3D%25E2%2580%259CGunpowder%252C%25E2%2580%259D%2520as%2520it%2520came%2Cfor%2520a%2520life%252Dextending%2520elixir.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKalium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.agchemigroup.eu/why-potassium-carbonate-is-so-important-for-modern-glass-production/#:~:text=Potassium%20carbonate%20is%20a%20common,coefficient%20of%20the%20final%20product.">"Why Potassium Carbonate is So Important for Modern Glass Production"</a>. AG Chemie<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">10 Augustus</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Why+Potassium+Carbonate+is+So+Important+for+Modern+Glass+Production&rft.pub=AG+Chemie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.agchemigroup.eu%2Fwhy-potassium-carbonate-is-so-important-for-modern-glass-production%2F%23%3A~%3Atext%3DPotassium%2520carbonate%2520is%2520a%2520common%2Ccoefficient%2520of%2520the%2520final%2520product.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKalium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1">Declan Fleming (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edu.rsc.org/exhibition-chemistry/properties-of-alloys-finding-the-nak/2000056.article#:~:text=The%20sodium%E2%80%93potassium%20alloy%2C%20commonly,low%20tendency%20to%20absorb%20neutrons.">"Properties of alloys: finding the NaK"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Properties+of+alloys%3A+finding+the+NaK&rft.date=2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedu.rsc.org%2Fexhibition-chemistry%2Fproperties-of-alloys-finding-the-nak%2F2000056.article%23%3A~%3Atext%3DThe%2520sodium%25E2%2580%2593potassium%2520alloy%252C%2520commonly%2Clow%2520tendency%2520to%2520absorb%2520neutrons.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKalium" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Cite_web" title="Sjabloon:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: AS1-onderhoud: gebruik authors-parameter (<a href="/wiki/Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud:_gebruik_authors-parameter" title="Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud: gebruik authors-parameter">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cargill.com/salt-in-perspective/is-potassium-chloride-good-for-you-or-bad-for-you#:~:text=Potassium%20chloride%20(KCl)%20is%20a,to%2050%25%20in%20certain%20applications.">"Potassium Chloride – A Healthful Salt Substitute"</a>. Cargill<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">12 Augustus</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Potassium+Chloride+%E2%80%93+A+Healthful+Salt+Substitute&rft.pub=Cargill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cargill.com%2Fsalt-in-perspective%2Fis-potassium-chloride-good-for-you-or-bad-for-you%23%3A~%3Atext%3DPotassium%2520chloride%2520%28KCl%29%2520is%2520a%2Cto%252050%2525%2520in%2520certain%2520applications.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKalium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kun-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kun_17-0">17,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kun_17-1">17,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kun_17-2">17,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kun_17-3">17,3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Kun Wang, Weiqiang Li, Shilei Li, Zhen Tian, Piers Koefoed en Xin-Yuan Zheng (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8740523/#:~:text=There%20are%20three%20naturally%2Doccurring,only%200.0117%25%20of%20all%20potassium.">"Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry of Potassium Stable Isotopes"</a>. <i>Chem Erde</i>. 81(3): 125786.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chem+Erde&rft.atitle=Geochemistry+and+Cosmochemistry+of+Potassium+Stable+Isotopes&rft.volume=81%283%29&rft.pages=125786&rft.date=2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC8740523%2F%23%3A~%3Atext%3DThere%2520are%2520three%2520naturally%252Doccurring%2Conly%25200.0117%2525%2520of%2520all%2520potassium.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKalium" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Cite_journal" title="Sjabloon:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: AS1-onderhoud: gebruik authors-parameter (<a href="/wiki/Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud:_gebruik_authors-parameter" title="Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud: gebruik authors-parameter">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation journal cs1">Peter J. Williams and Thomas E. Cloete (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC97019">"The production and use of citric acid for the removal of potassium from the iron ore concentrate of the Sishen Iron Ore Mine, South Africa : research article"</a>. <i>South African Journal of Science</i>. <b>106</b> (3).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+African+Journal+of+Science&rft.atitle=The+production+and+use+of+citric+acid+for+the+removal+of+potassium+from+the+iron+ore+concentrate+of+the+Sishen+Iron+Ore+Mine%2C+South+Africa+%3A+research+article&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=3&rft.date=2010&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdl.handle.net%2F10520%2FEJC97019&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKalium" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Cite_journal" title="Sjabloon:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: AS1-onderhoud: gebruik authors-parameter (<a href="/wiki/Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud:_gebruik_authors-parameter" title="Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud: gebruik authors-parameter">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1">Luis Peralta, Carmen Oliveira (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scienceinschool.org/article/2009/radioactivity/">"Radioactivity in the classroom"</a>. Science in school<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">12 Augustus</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Radioactivity+in+the+classroom&rft.pub=Science+in+school&rft.date=2009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scienceinschool.org%2Farticle%2F2009%2Fradioactivity%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKalium" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Cite_web" title="Sjabloon:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: AS1-onderhoud: gebruik authors-parameter (<a href="/wiki/Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud:_gebruik_authors-parameter" title="Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud: gebruik authors-parameter">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/potassium/#:~:text=Potassium%20is%20found%20naturally%20in,and%20supports%20normal%20blood%20pressure.">"The nutrition source"</a>. Harvard<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">11 Augustus</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+nutrition+source&rft.pub=Harvard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hsph.harvard.edu%2Fnutritionsource%2Fpotassium%2F%23%3A~%3Atext%3DPotassium%2520is%2520found%2520naturally%2520in%2Cand%2520supports%2520normal%2520blood%2520pressure.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKalium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/symptoms/low-potassium/basics/definition/sym-20050632#:~:text=Low%20potassium%20(hypokalemia)%20refers%20to,cells%2C%20particularly%20heart%20muscle%20cells.">"Hypokamia"</a>. Mayo Clinic<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">11 Augustus</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hypokamia&rft.pub=Mayo+Clinic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.org%2Fsymptoms%2Flow-potassium%2Fbasics%2Fdefinition%2Fsym-20050632%23%3A~%3Atext%3DLow%2520potassium%2520%28hypokalemia%29%2520refers%2520to%2Ccells%252C%2520particularly%2520heart%2520muscle%2520cells.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKalium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne skakels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:var(--background-color-base, #fff);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons bevat media in verband met <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Potassium" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Potassium">Potassium</a></b></i>.</td></tr></tbody></table> <table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:var(--background-color-base, #fff);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist">Sien <i><b><a href="https://af.wiktionary.org/wiki/kalium" class="extiw" title="wikt:kalium">kalium</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, die vrye woordeboek.</td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webelements.com/potassium/">WebElements.com – Potassium</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://environmentalchemistry.com/yogi/periodic/K.html">EnvironmentalChemistry.com – Potassium</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://periodic.lanl.gov/elements/19.html">Los Alamos National Laboratory – Artikel oor Kalium</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse:collapse; font-size:smaller; margin-top:2em; text-align:center; width:100%"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Waterstof" title="Waterstof">H</a> </td> <td style="width:93.75%" colspan="30"> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">He</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/Litium" title="Litium">Li</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/Berillium" title="Berillium">Be</a> </td> <td colspan="24"> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Boor_(element)" title="Boor (element)">B</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Koolstof" title="Koolstof">C</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Stikstof" title="Stikstof">N</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Suurstof" title="Suurstof">O</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/Fluoor" title="Fluoor">F</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">Ne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">Na</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">Mg</a> </td> <td colspan="24"> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">Al</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Silikon" title="Silikon">Si</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor">P</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Swawel" title="Swawel">S</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/Chloor" title="Chloor">Cl</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Ar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff6666"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">K</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/Kalsium" title="Kalsium">Ca</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Skandium" title="Skandium">Sc</a> </td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Titaan_(element)" class="mw-redirect" title="Titaan (element)">Ti</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium">V</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Chroom" title="Chroom">Cr</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Mangaan" title="Mangaan">Mn</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Yster" title="Yster">Fe</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Kobalt" title="Kobalt">Co</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Nikkel" title="Nikkel">Ni</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Koper" title="Koper">Cu</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Sink" title="Sink">Zn</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Gallium" title="Gallium">Ga</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Germanium" title="Germanium">Ge</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Arseen" title="Arseen">As</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Seleen" title="Seleen">Se</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/Broom" title="Broom">Br</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Kripton" title="Kripton">Kr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/Rubidium" title="Rubidium">Rb</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/Stronsium" title="Stronsium">Sr</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Yttrium" title="Yttrium">Y</a> </td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Sirkonium" title="Sirkonium">Zr</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Niobium" title="Niobium">Nb</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Molibdeen" title="Molibdeen">Mo</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Tegnesium" title="Tegnesium">Tc</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Rutenium" title="Rutenium">Ru</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Rodium" title="Rodium">Rh</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Palladium" title="Palladium">Pd</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Silwer" title="Silwer">Ag</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Kadmium" title="Kadmium">Cd</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Indium" title="Indium">In</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Tin" title="Tin">Sn</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Antimoon" title="Antimoon">Sb</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Telluur" title="Telluur">Te</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/Jodium" title="Jodium">I</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">Xe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/Sesium" title="Sesium">Cs</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/Barium" title="Barium">Ba</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Lantaan" title="Lantaan">La</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Serium" title="Serium">Ce</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Praseodimium" title="Praseodimium">Pr</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Neodimium" title="Neodimium">Nd</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Prometium" title="Prometium">Pm</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Samarium" title="Samarium">Sm</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Europium" title="Europium">Eu</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Gadolinium" title="Gadolinium">Gd</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Terbium" title="Terbium">Tb</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Disprosium" title="Disprosium">Dy</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Holmium" title="Holmium">Ho</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Erbium" title="Erbium">Er</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Tulium" title="Tulium">Tm</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Ytterbium" title="Ytterbium">Yb</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Lutesium" title="Lutesium">Lu</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium">Hf</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Tantaal" title="Tantaal">Ta</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram">W</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Renium" title="Renium">Re</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium">Os</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Iridium" title="Iridium">Ir</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Platinum" title="Platinum">Pt</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Goud" title="Goud">Au</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Kwik" title="Kwik">Hg</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Tallium" title="Tallium">Tl</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Lood" title="Lood">Pb</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut">Bi</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Polonium" title="Polonium">Po</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Astaat" title="Astaat">At</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">Rn</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/Frankium" title="Frankium">Fr</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/Radium" title="Radium">Ra</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Aktinium" title="Aktinium">Ac</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Torium" title="Torium">Th</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Protaktinium" title="Protaktinium">Pa</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Uraan" title="Uraan">U</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Neptunium" title="Neptunium">Np</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Plutonium" title="Plutonium">Pu</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Amerikium" title="Amerikium">Am</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Curium" title="Curium">Cm</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Berkelium" title="Berkelium">Bk</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Kalifornium" title="Kalifornium">Cf</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Einsteinium" title="Einsteinium">Es</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Fermium" title="Fermium">Fm</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Mendelevium" title="Mendelevium">Md</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Nobelium" title="Nobelium">No</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Lawrensium" title="Lawrensium">Lr</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Rutherfordium" title="Rutherfordium">Rf</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Dubnium" title="Dubnium">Db</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Seaborgium" title="Seaborgium">Sg</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Bohrium" title="Bohrium">Bh</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Hassium" title="Hassium">Hs</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#eceaec"><a href="/wiki/Meitnerium" title="Meitnerium">Mt</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#eceaec"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadtium" title="Darmstadtium">Ds</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#eceaec"><a href="/wiki/R%C3%B6ntgenium" title="Röntgenium">Rg</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Kopernikium" title="Kopernikium">Cn</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#eceaec"><a href="/wiki/Nihonium" title="Nihonium">Nh</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Flerovium" title="Flerovium">Fl</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#eceaec"><a href="/wiki/Moskovium_(element)" title="Moskovium (element)">Mc</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#eceaec"><a href="/wiki/Livermorium" title="Livermorium">Lv</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#eceaec"><a href="/wiki/Tennessien" title="Tennessien">Ts</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#eceaec"><a href="/wiki/Oganesson" title="Oganesson">Og</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table border="1" cellpadding="1" rules="all" style="border:1px solid #fff; border-collapse:collapse; font-size: smaller; margin-top:2em; text-align:center; width:100%"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#ff6666" width="9%"><a href="/wiki/Alkalimetaal" title="Alkalimetaal">Alkalimetale</a> </td> <td style="background:#ffdead" width="9%"><a href="/wiki/Aardalkalimetaal" title="Aardalkalimetaal">Aardalkalimetale</a> </td> <td style="background:#ffbfff" width="9%"><a href="/wiki/Lantanied" title="Lantanied">Lantaniede</a> </td> <td style="background:#ff99cc" width="9%"><a href="/wiki/Aktinied" title="Aktinied">Aktiniede</a> </td> <td style="background:#ffc0c0" width="9%"><a href="/wiki/Oorgangsmetaal" title="Oorgangsmetaal">Oorgangsmetale</a> </td> <td style="background:#cccccc" width="9%"><a href="/wiki/Hoofgroepmetaal" title="Hoofgroepmetaal">Hoofgroepmetale</a> </td> <td style="background:#cccc99" width="9%"><a href="/wiki/Metallo%C3%AFed" title="Metalloïed">Metalloïde</a> </td> <td style="background:#a0ffa0" width="9%"><a href="/wiki/Niemetaal" title="Niemetaal">Niemetale</a> </td> <td style="background:#ffff99" width="9%"><a href="/wiki/Halogeen" title="Halogeen">Halogene</a> </td> <td style="background:#c0ffff" width="9%"><a href="/wiki/Edelgasse" title="Edelgasse">Edelgasse</a> </td> <td style="background:#eceaec" width="9%">Chemie onbekend </td></tr></tbody></table> <div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q703&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q703&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hulp:Normdata" title="Hulp:Normdata">Normdata</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q703" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121440770">cb121440770</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121440770">(data)</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4139553-0">4139553-0</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105593">sh85105593</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="National Diet Library">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00565080">00565080</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph705338&CON_LNG=ENG">ph705338</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div style="display:none; 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