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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opera_quadrata" title="Opera quadrata – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Opera quadrata" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opus_quadratum" title="Opus quadratum – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Opus quadratum" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opus_quadratum" title="Opus quadratum – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Opus quadratum" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" 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lang="nl" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Servian_at_Termini.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Servian_at_Termini.JPG/260px-Servian_at_Termini.JPG" decoding="async" width="260" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Servian_at_Termini.JPG/390px-Servian_at_Termini.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Servian_at_Termini.JPG/520px-Servian_at_Termini.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3588" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Muur_van_Servius_Tullius" title="Muur van Servius Tullius">Muur van Servius Tullius</a> in <i>opus quadratum</i>.</figcaption></figure> <p><i><b>Opus quadratum</b></i> "vierkantwerk" is een <a href="/wiki/Oude_Rome" title="Oude Rome">Romeinse</a> <a href="/wiki/Muur_(bouwsel)" title="Muur (bouwsel)">muurbouwtechniek</a>, waarbij <a href="/wiki/Natuursteen" title="Natuursteen">natuurstenen</a> blokken van gelijke afmetingen werden gebruikt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beschrijving">Beschrijving</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opus_quadratum&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Beschrijving" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opus_quadratum&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Beschrijving"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De grote vierkante of rechthoekige blokken natuursteen werden in <a href="/wiki/Verband_(bouwkunde)#Halfsteensverband" title="Verband (bouwkunde)">halfsteensverband</a> gelegd.<sup id="cite_ref-vitruvius_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vitruvius-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De stenen werd meestal zonder <a href="/wiki/Mortel_(betontype)" title="Mortel (betontype)">mortel</a> gelegd, soms werden ze vastgezet met metalen doken<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of ankers.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hierbij werd een zogenaamde dookgat in de steen geboord, waarna het anker met gesmolten <a href="/wiki/Lood_(element)" title="Lood (element)">lood</a> werd vastgezet. </p><p>De techniek leek uiterlijk veel op <i><a href="/wiki/Opus_isodomum" title="Opus isodomum">opus isodomum</a></i> en gebruikte dezelfde bouwtechnieken, maar was niet helemaal hetzelfde. Bij <i>opus quadratum</i> werden gewone stenen gebruikt in plaats van de mooier afgewerkte <a href="/wiki/Kubieke_steen" title="Kubieke steen">kubieke stenen</a> en waren de stenen allemaal van dezelfde lengte, wat bij <i>opus isodomum</i> meestal niet zo was.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Verder werd <i>opus quadratum</i> in tegenstelling tot <i>opus isodomum</i> ook gebruikt als afdekking van het <a href="/wiki/Romeins_beton" title="Romeins beton">Romeins betonwerk</a> ofwel <i>opus caementium</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-yegulfavro_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yegulfavro-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschiedenis">Geschiedenis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opus_quadratum&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Geschiedenis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opus_quadratum&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Geschiedenis"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De muurbouwtechniek werd reeds in de 6e eeuw v.Chr. toegepast door de <a href="/wiki/Etrusken" title="Etrusken">Etrusken</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Magna_Graecia" title="Magna Graecia">Griekse kolonisten in Italië</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-yegulfavro_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yegulfavro-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De Romeinen namen de techniek over en gebruikten het in de 4e eeuw v.Chr. bij de bouw van de <a href="/wiki/Muur_van_Servius_Tullius" title="Muur van Servius Tullius">Muur van Servius Tullius</a>. </p> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-vitruvius-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-vitruvius_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;"><a href="/wiki/Vitruvius_(architect)" title="Vitruvius (architect)">Vitruvius</a></span>, <i>Handboek bouwkunde</i> (1997, <a href="/wiki/Nederlands" title="Nederlands">Nederlandse</a> vertaling door Ton Peters van <i><a href="/wiki/De_architectura" title="De architectura">De architectura</a></i>), IV 4.4, p. 125, <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9789025309299" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9789025309299">ISBN 9789025309299</a></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Instituut_voor_de_Nederlandse_Taal" title="Instituut voor de Nederlandse Taal">Instituut voor de Nederlandse Taal</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gtb.ivdnt.org/iWDB/search?actie=article&wdb=WNT&id=M014029&lemmodern=dook&domein=0&conc=true"><i>Dook</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Lesley Adkins, Roy A. Adkins</span>, <i>Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome</i> (2014), p. 166, <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9780816074822" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9780816074822">ISBN 9780816074822</a></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Cesare Rossi, Flavio Russo, Ferruccio Russo</span>, <i>Ancient Engineers' Inventions: Precursors of the Present.</i> (2009), p. 304, <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9789048122530" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9789048122530">ISBN 9789048122530</a></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-yegulfavro-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-yegulfavro_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yegulfavro_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Fikret Yegül, Diane Favro</span>, <i>Roman architecture and urbanism : from the origins to late antiquity.</i> (2019), pp. 128, 139, <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9780521470711" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9780521470711">ISBN 9780521470711</a></span>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;font-size:87%}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken{margin-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken .mw-ui-icon::before{background-size:0.9em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-links,.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{right:2px}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-groot{float:right;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:#ddeef8;padding:2px 5.5em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud{padding:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud p:first-child{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background-color"],.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background"]{color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}</style> <div class="navigatie" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Romeins_steenwerk"> <div class="navigatie-afb-links noviewer"><div class="navigatie-bewerken show-autoconfirmed nomobile"><span class="nowrap skin-invert-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Navigatie_Romeins_steenwerk" title="Sjabloon:Navigatie Romeins steenwerk"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> · <span class="ui-state-disabled" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Overleg sjabloon (de pagina bestaat niet)"><img alt="Overleg sjabloon (de pagina bestaat niet)" 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="Romeins_steenwerk" class="navigatie-titel"><a href="/wiki/Lijst_van_Romeins_steenwerk" title="Lijst van Romeins steenwerk">Romeins steenwerk</a></div> <div class="navigatie-inhoud"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67785531">.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel{margin:0 auto 0 auto;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding-left:0.5em}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;width:100%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:unset}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding:unset}}</style><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style=""><tbody><tr><td class="links" style=""><b>Algemeen:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Romeinse_baksteen" title="Romeinse baksteen">Romeinse baksteen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Romeins_beton" title="Romeins beton">Romeins beton</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tegula_en_imbrex" title="Tegula en imbrex">Romeinse dakpan</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Muur_(bouwsel)" title="Muur (bouwsel)">Muurwerk</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Opus_africanum" title="Opus africanum">opus africanum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Romeins_beton" title="Romeins beton">opus caementicium</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opus_craticium" title="Opus craticium">opus craticium</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opus_incertum" title="Opus incertum">opus incertum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opus_isodomum" title="Opus isodomum">opus isodomum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opus_latericium" title="Opus latericium">opus latericium</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opus_mixtum" title="Opus mixtum">opus mixtum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opus_pseudoisodomum" title="Opus pseudoisodomum">opus pseudoisodomum</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">opus quadratum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opus_quasi-reticulatum" title="Opus quasi-reticulatum">opus quasi-reticulatum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opus_reticulatum" title="Opus reticulatum">opus reticulatum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opus_reticulatum_mixtum" title="Opus reticulatum mixtum">opus reticulatum mixtum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opus_siliceum" title="Opus siliceum">opus siliceum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opus_testaceum" title="Opus testaceum">opus testaceum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opus_vittatum" title="Opus vittatum">opus vittatum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opus_vittatum_mixtum" title="Opus vittatum mixtum">opus vittatum mixtum</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Stucwerk" title="Stucwerk">Stucwerk</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Opus_albarium" title="Opus albarium">opus albarium</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sgraffito" title="Sgraffito">opus exgraphiatum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opus_marmoratum" title="Opus marmoratum">opus marmoratum</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Vloer" title="Vloer">Vloerwerk</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Cocciopesto" class="mw-redirect" title="Cocciopesto">cocciopesto</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opus_figlinum" title="Opus figlinum">opus figlinum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opus_sectile" title="Opus sectile">opus sectile</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opus_signinum" title="Opus signinum">opus signinum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opus_spicatum" title="Opus spicatum">opus spicatum</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Moza%C3%AFek" title="Mozaïek">Mozaïek</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Opus_barbaricum" title="Opus barbaricum">opus barbaricum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opus_musivum" title="Opus musivum">opus musivum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opus_segmentatum" title="Opus segmentatum">opus segmentatum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opus_scutulatum" title="Opus scutulatum">opus scutulatum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opus_tessellatum" title="Opus tessellatum">opus tessellatum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opus_vermiculatum" title="Opus vermiculatum">opus vermiculatum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pseudo-figlinum" title="Pseudo-figlinum">pseudo-figlinum</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Opus_quadratum&oldid=67200604">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Opus_quadratum&oldid=67200604</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" 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