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vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taxonomy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Taxonomy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taxonomy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Range" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Range"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Range</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Range-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Microhylidae</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 44 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-44" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">44 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="شقدعيات – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شقدعيات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microhylidae" title="Microhylidae – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Microhylidae" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Тесноусти жаби – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тесноусти жаби" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microh%C3%ADlids" title="Microhílids – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Microhílids" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%C4%95%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BA_%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Пĕчĕк туталлисем – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Пĕчĕк туталлисем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microhylidae" title="Microhylidae – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Microhylidae" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parosni%C4%8Dkovit%C3%AD" title="Parosničkovití – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Parosničkovití" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engmaulfr%C3%B6sche" title="Engmaulfrösche – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Engmaulfrösche" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%CA%BCa%C5%82_biz%C3%A9%C3%A9ts%CA%BC%C3%B3s%C3%AD" title="Chʼał bizéétsʼósí – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Chʼał bizéétsʼósí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microhylidae" title="Microhylidae – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Microhylidae" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrohiledoj" title="Mikrohiledoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mikrohiledoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microhylidae" title="Microhylidae – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Microhylidae" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="قورباغه‌های دهان‌باریک – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قورباغه‌های دهان‌باریک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microhylidae" title="Microhylidae – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Microhylidae" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%B9%EA%BD%81%EC%9D%B4%EA%B3%BC" title="맹꽁이과 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="맹꽁이과" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microhylidae" title="Microhylidae – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Microhylidae" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microhylidae" title="Microhylidae – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Microhylidae" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%94%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D" title="מיקרוהיליים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מיקרוהיליים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%AC%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%A7%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="პირვიწრო ბაყაყისებრნი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პირვიწრო ბაყაყისებრნი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microhyidae" title="Microhyidae – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Microhyidae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0aurmutvar%C5%BEu_dzimta" title="Šaurmutvaržu dzimta – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Šaurmutvaržu dzimta" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siauraburn%C4%97s_varl%C4%97s" title="Siauraburnės varlės – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Siauraburnės varlės" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sz%C5%B1ksz%C3%A1j%C3%BAb%C3%A9ka-f%C3%A9l%C3%A9k" title="Szűkszájúbéka-félék – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szűkszájúbéka-félék" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE" title="കുറുവായൻ തവളകൾ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കുറുവായൻ തവളകൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="شقدعيات – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شقدعيات" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smalbekkikkers" title="Smalbekkikkers – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Smalbekkikkers" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%92%E3%83%A1%E3%82%A2%E3%83%9E%E3%82%AC%E3%82%A8%E3%83%AB%E7%A7%91" title="ヒメアマガエル科 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヒメアマガエル科" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trangmunnfrosker" title="Trangmunnfrosker – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Trangmunnfrosker" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microhylidae" title="Microhylidae – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Microhylidae" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C4%85skopyskowate" title="Wąskopyskowate – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wąskopyskowate" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microhylidae" title="Microhylidae – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Microhylidae" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Узкороты – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Узкороты" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microhylidae" title="Microhylidae – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Microhylidae" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5" title="Ускоусте жабе – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ускоусте жабе" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahdassuusammakot" title="Ahdassuusammakot – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ahdassuusammakot" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%A5ngmynta_grodor" title="Trångmynta grodor – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Trångmynta grodor" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%88" title="கூர்வாய்த் தவளை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கூர்வாய்த் தவளை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B6%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="วงศ์อึ่งอ่าง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วงศ์อึ่งอ่าง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microhylidae" title="Microhylidae – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Microhylidae" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Карликові райки – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Карликові райки" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%8D_Nh%C3%A1i_b%E1%BA%A7u" title="Họ Nhái bầu – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Họ Nhái bầu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smalbekpuutn" title="Smalbekpuutn – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Smalbekpuutn" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microhylidae" title="Microhylidae – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Microhylidae" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A7%AC%E8%9B%99%E7%A7%91" title="姬蛙科 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="姬蛙科" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q56057#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav 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Please update your browser bookmarks and please use the default browser print function instead.</div></div><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Family of amphibians</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Microhylidae<br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">Temporal range: <a href="/wiki/Paleocene" title="Paleocene">Paleocene</a> - Present,<sup id="cite_ref-van_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-van-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="noprint"><span style="display:inline-block;"></span><span style="display:inline-block;">66–0 <a href="/wiki/Megaannum" class="mw-redirect" title="Megaannum">Ma</a></span> <span style="display:inline-block;"></span><div id="Timeline-row" style="margin: 4px auto 0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:18px; overflow:visible; white-space:nowrap; border:1px #666; border-style:solid none; position:relative; z-index:0; font-size:97%;"> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; left:0px; width:207.23076923077px; padding-left:5px; text-align:left; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(255,255,255,1), rgba(254,217,106,1) 15%, rgba(254,217,106,1));"><a href="/wiki/Precambrian" title="Precambrian">PreꞒ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,160,86); left:37.636923076923px; width:18.073846153846px;"><a href="/wiki/Cambrian" title="Cambrian">Ꞓ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(0,146,112); left:55.710769230769px; width:14.08px;"><a href="/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician">O</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(179,225,182); left:69.790769230769px; width:8.3261538461539px;"><a href="/wiki/Silurian" title="Silurian">S</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(203,140,55); left:78.116923076923px; width:20.409230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Devonian" title="Devonian">D</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(103,165,153); left:98.526153846154px; width:20.307692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Carboniferous" title="Carboniferous">C</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(240,64,40); left:118.83384615385px; width:15.907015384615px;"><a href="/wiki/Permian" title="Permian">P</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(129,43,146); left:134.74086153846px; width:17.092984615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Triassic" title="Triassic">T</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(52,178,201); left:151.83384615385px; width:19.089230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Jurassic" title="Jurassic">J</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,198,78); left:170.92307692308px; width:26.738461538462px;"><a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">K</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(253,154,82); left:197.66153846154px; width:14.543692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Paleogene" title="Paleogene">Pg</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(255,230,25); left:212.20523076923px; width:6.9215384615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Neogene" title="Neogene">N</a></div> <div id="end-border" style="position:absolute; height:100%; background-color:#666; width:1px; left:219px"></div><div style="margin:0 auto; line-height:0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:8px; overflow:visible; background-color:transparent; position:relative; top:-4px; z-index:100;"><div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:197.66153846154px; width:22.338461538462px; background-color:#360; opacity:0.42;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:197.66153846154px; width:22.338461538462px; background-color:#360; opacity:1;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; top:1px; left:198.66153846154px; width:20.338461538462px; background-color:#6c3;"></div> </div> </div></span></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Gastrophryne_carolinensis.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Gastrophryne_carolinensis.jpg/220px-Gastrophryne_carolinensis.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Gastrophryne_carolinensis.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="240" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Eastern narrowmouth toad (<i><a href="/wiki/Gastrophryne_carolinensis" title="Gastrophryne carolinensis">Gastrophryne carolinensis</a></i>) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Microhylidae" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phylum: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Amphibian" title="Amphibian">Amphibia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frog" title="Frog">Anura</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ranoidea" title="Ranoidea">Ranoidea</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Microhylidae</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Albert_C._L._G._G%C3%BCnther" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert C. L. G. Günther">Günther</a>, 1858</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Subfamilies </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <p><a href="/wiki/Adelastinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Adelastinae">Adelastinae</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Asterophryinae" title="Asterophryinae">Asterophryinae</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Chaperininae" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaperininae">Chaperininae</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Cophylinae" title="Cophylinae">Cophylinae</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Dyscophinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Dyscophinae">Dyscophinae</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Gastrophryninae" class="mw-redirect" title="Gastrophryninae">Gastrophryninae</a> <br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hoplophryninae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hoplophryninae (page does not exist)">Hoplophryninae</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Kalophryninae" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalophryninae">Kalophryninae</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Melanobatrachinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Melanobatrachinae">Melanobatrachinae</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Microhylinae" title="Microhylinae">Microhylinae</a> <br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Otophryninae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otophryninae (page does not exist)">Otophryninae</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Phrynomantis" title="Phrynomantis">Phrynomerinae</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Scaphiophryninae" title="Scaphiophryninae">Scaphiophryninae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Microhylidae_map-1-.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Microhylidae_map-1-.png/220px-Microhylidae_map-1-.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Microhylidae_map-1-.png/330px-Microhylidae_map-1-.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Microhylidae_map-1-.png/440px-Microhylidae_map-1-.png 2x" data-file-width="1357" data-file-height="628" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Distribution of Microhylidae (in black) </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p>The <b>Microhylidae</b>, commonly known as <b>narrow-mouthed frogs</b>, are a geographically widespread <a href="/wiki/Family_(biology)" title="Family (biology)">family</a> of <a href="/wiki/Frog" title="Frog">frogs</a>. The 683 species are in 57 genera and 11 subfamilies.<sup id="cite_ref-Phibweb_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Phibweb-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Evolution">Evolution</h2></div> <p>A molecular phylogenetic study by van der Meijden, et al. (2007) has estimated the initial internal divergence of the family Microhylidae to have taken place about 66 million years ago, or immediately after the <a href="/wiki/Cretaceous_extinction" class="mw-redirect" title="Cretaceous extinction">Cretaceous extinction</a> event.<sup id="cite_ref-van_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-van-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Most_recent_common_ancestor" title="Most recent common ancestor">most recent common ancestor</a> of the Microhylidae and their closest <a href="/wiki/Ranoidea" title="Ranoidea">ranoid</a> relatives is estimated to have lived 116 million years ago in <a href="/wiki/Gondwana" title="Gondwana">Gondwana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-van_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-van-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2></div> <p>As suggested by their name, microhylids are mostly small frogs. Many species are below 1.5 cm (0.59 in) in length, although some species are as large as 9 cm (3.5 in).<sup id="cite_ref-EoR_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EoR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They can be <a href="/wiki/Arboreal" class="mw-redirect" title="Arboreal">arboreal</a> or terrestrial, and some even live close to water. The ground-dwellers are often found under leaf litter within forests, occasionally venturing out at night to hunt. The two main shapes for the microhylids are wide bodies and narrow mouths and normal frog proportions. Those with narrow mouths generally eat <a href="/wiki/Termite" title="Termite">termites</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ant" title="Ant">ants</a>, and the others have diets typical of most frogs. Egg-laying habits are highly varied. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reproduction">Reproduction</h3></div> <p>The microhylids of <a href="/wiki/New_Guinea" title="New Guinea">New Guinea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> completely bypass the <a href="/wiki/Tadpole" title="Tadpole">tadpole</a> stage, with direct development from <a href="/wiki/Egg_(biology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Egg (biology)">egg</a> to frog. The arboreal species can therefore lay the eggs within the trees, and never need venture to the ground. Where species do have tadpoles, these almost always lack the teeth or horny beaks typical of the tadpoles of other families.<sup id="cite_ref-EoR_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EoR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anatomy">Anatomy</h3></div> <p>The skull has paired <a href="/wiki/Palatine_bone" title="Palatine bone">palatines</a> and frontoparietals. The facial nerve passes through the anterior acoustic foramen in the auditory capsule; the trigeminal and facial nerve ganglia are fused to form a prootic ganglion. The eight (or seven) presacral holochordal vertebrae are all procoelous except for a biconcave surface on last presacral. The pectoral girdle is firmisternal and some show reduced clavicle and procoracoids. The terminal phalanges are blunt, pointed, or T-shaped. The tadpole lacks keratinized mouth parts and has a large spiracular chamber emptied by a caudomedial spiracle.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2></div> <ul><li>subfamily <a href="/wiki/Adelastinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Adelastinae">Adelastinae</a> <small>Peloso, Frost, Richards, Rodrigues, Donnellan, Matsui, Raxworthy, Biju, Lemmon, Lemmon, & Wheeler, 2015</small> <ul><li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Adelastes" title="Adelastes">Adelastes</a></i> <small>Zweifel, 1986</small></li></ul></li> <li>subfamily <a href="/wiki/Asterophryinae" title="Asterophryinae">Asterophryinae</a> <small>Günther, 1858</small> <ul><li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Aphantophryne" title="Aphantophryne">Aphantophryne</a></i> <small>Fry, 1917</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Asterophrys" title="Asterophrys">Asterophrys</a></i> <small>Tschudi, 1838</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Austrochaperina" title="Austrochaperina">Austrochaperina</a></i> <small>Fry, 1912</small><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paratype_of_Paedophryne_amauensis_(LSUMZ_95004).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Paratype_of_Paedophryne_amauensis_%28LSUMZ_95004%29.png/175px-Paratype_of_Paedophryne_amauensis_%28LSUMZ_95004%29.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Paratype_of_Paedophryne_amauensis_%28LSUMZ_95004%29.png/263px-Paratype_of_Paedophryne_amauensis_%28LSUMZ_95004%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Paratype_of_Paedophryne_amauensis_%28LSUMZ_95004%29.png/350px-Paratype_of_Paedophryne_amauensis_%28LSUMZ_95004%29.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Paedophryne_amauensis" title="Paedophryne amauensis"><i>Paedophryne amanuensis</i></a></figcaption></figure></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Barygenys" title="Barygenys">Barygenys</a></i> <small>Parker, 1936</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Callulops" title="Callulops">Callulops</a></i> <small>Boulenger, 1888</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Choerophryne" title="Choerophryne">Choerophryne</a></i> <small>Van Kampen, 1914</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Cophixalus" title="Cophixalus">Cophixalus</a></i> <small>Boettger, 1892</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Copiula" title="Copiula">Copiula</a></i> <small>Méhely, 1901</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Gastrophrynoides" title="Gastrophrynoides">Gastrophrynoides</a></i> <small>Noble, 1926</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Hylophorbus" title="Hylophorbus">Hylophorbus</a></i> <small>Macleay, 1878</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Mantophryne" title="Mantophryne">Mantophryne</a></i> <small>Boulenger, 1897</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Oninia" title="Oninia">Oninia</a></i> <small>Günther, Stelbrink & von Rintelen, 2010</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Oreophryne" title="Oreophryne">Oreophryne</a></i> <small>Boettger, 1895</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Paedophryne" title="Paedophryne">Paedophryne</a></i> <small>Kraus, 2010</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Siamophryne" title="Siamophryne">Siamophryne</a></i> <small>Suwannapoom, Sumontha, Tunprasert, Ruangsuwan, Pawangkhanant, Korost, and Poyarkov, 2018</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Sphenophryne" title="Sphenophryne">Sphenophryne</a></i> <small>Peters & Doria, 1878</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Vietnamophryne" title="Vietnamophryne">Vietnamophryne</a></i> <small>Poyarkov, Suwannapoom, Pawangkhanant, Aksornneam, Duong, Korost and Che, 2018</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Xenorhina" title="Xenorhina">Xenorhina</a></i> <small>Peters, 1863</small></li></ul></li> <li>subfamily <a href="/wiki/Chaperininae" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaperininae">Chaperininae</a> <small>Peloso, Frost, Richards, Rodrigues, Donnellan, Matsui, Raxworthy, Biju, Lemmon, Lemmon, & Wheeler, 2015</small> <ul><li><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Holotype_of_Mantophryne_insignis,_dorsolateral_view.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Holotype_of_Mantophryne_insignis%2C_dorsolateral_view.jpg/213px-Holotype_of_Mantophryne_insignis%2C_dorsolateral_view.jpg" decoding="async" width="213" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Holotype_of_Mantophryne_insignis%2C_dorsolateral_view.jpg/320px-Holotype_of_Mantophryne_insignis%2C_dorsolateral_view.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Holotype_of_Mantophryne_insignis%2C_dorsolateral_view.jpg/426px-Holotype_of_Mantophryne_insignis%2C_dorsolateral_view.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1961" data-file-height="1303" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Mantophryne_insignis" title="Mantophryne insignis">Mantophryne insignis</a></i></figcaption></figure>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Chaperina" title="Chaperina">Chaperina</a></i> <small>Mocquard, 1892</small></li></ul></li> <li>subfamily <a href="/wiki/Cophylinae" title="Cophylinae">Cophylinae</a> <small>Cope, 1889</small> <ul><li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Anilany" title="Anilany">Anilany</a></i> <small>Scherz, Vences, Rakotoarison, Andreone, Köhler, Glaw, and Crottini, 2016</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Anodonthyla" title="Anodonthyla">Anodonthyla</a></i> <small>Müller, 1892</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Cophyla" title="Cophyla">Cophyla</a></i> <small>Boettger, 1880</small></li> <li><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chiasmocleis_hudsoni_(10.5852-ejt.2022.836.1919)_Figure_3_(cropped).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Chiasmocleis_hudsoni_%2810.5852-ejt.2022.836.1919%29_Figure_3_%28cropped%29.png/212px-Chiasmocleis_hudsoni_%2810.5852-ejt.2022.836.1919%29_Figure_3_%28cropped%29.png" decoding="async" width="212" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Chiasmocleis_hudsoni_%2810.5852-ejt.2022.836.1919%29_Figure_3_%28cropped%29.png/318px-Chiasmocleis_hudsoni_%2810.5852-ejt.2022.836.1919%29_Figure_3_%28cropped%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Chiasmocleis_hudsoni_%2810.5852-ejt.2022.836.1919%29_Figure_3_%28cropped%29.png/424px-Chiasmocleis_hudsoni_%2810.5852-ejt.2022.836.1919%29_Figure_3_%28cropped%29.png 2x" data-file-width="672" data-file-height="490" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Chiasmocleis_hudsoni" title="Chiasmocleis hudsoni">Chiasmocleis hudsoni</a></i></figcaption></figure>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Madecassophryne" title="Madecassophryne">Madecassophryne</a></i> <small>Guibé, 1974</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Mini_(frog)" title="Mini (frog)">Mini</a></i> <small>Scherz, Hutter, Rakotoarison, Riemann, Rödel, Ndriantsoa, Glos, Roberts, Crottini, <a href="/wiki/Miguel_Vences" title="Miguel Vences">Vences</a> & <a href="/wiki/Frank_Glaw" title="Frank Glaw">Glaw</a>, 2019</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Plethodontohyla" title="Plethodontohyla">Plethodontohyla</a></i> <small>Boulenger, 1882</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Rhombophryne" title="Rhombophryne">Rhombophryne</a></i> <small>Boettger, 1880</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Stumpffia" title="Stumpffia">Stumpffia</a></i> <small>Botteger, 1881</small></li></ul></li> <li>subfamily <a href="/wiki/Dyscophinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Dyscophinae">Dyscophinae</a> <small>Boulenger, 1882</small> <ul><li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Dyscophus" class="mw-redirect" title="Dyscophus">Dyscophus</a></i> <small>Grandidier, 1872</small></li></ul></li> <li>subfamily <a href="/wiki/Gastrophryninae" class="mw-redirect" title="Gastrophryninae">Gastrophryninae</a> <small>Fitzinger, 1843</small> <ul><li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Arcovomer" title="Arcovomer">Arcovomer</a></i> <small>Carvalho, 1954</small></li> <li><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Elachistocleis_heliannae_(10.5852-ejt.2022.836.1919)_Figure_4_(cropped).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Elachistocleis_heliannae_%2810.5852-ejt.2022.836.1919%29_Figure_4_%28cropped%29.png/220px-Elachistocleis_heliannae_%2810.5852-ejt.2022.836.1919%29_Figure_4_%28cropped%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Elachistocleis_heliannae_%2810.5852-ejt.2022.836.1919%29_Figure_4_%28cropped%29.png/330px-Elachistocleis_heliannae_%2810.5852-ejt.2022.836.1919%29_Figure_4_%28cropped%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Elachistocleis_heliannae_%2810.5852-ejt.2022.836.1919%29_Figure_4_%28cropped%29.png/440px-Elachistocleis_heliannae_%2810.5852-ejt.2022.836.1919%29_Figure_4_%28cropped%29.png 2x" data-file-width="711" data-file-height="553" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elachistocleis_helianneae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elachistocleis helianneae (page does not exist)">Elachistocleis helianneae</a></i></figcaption></figure>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Chiasmocleis" title="Chiasmocleis">Chiasmocleis</a></i> <small>Méhely, 1904</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Ctenophryne" title="Ctenophryne">Ctenophryne</a></i> <small>Mocquard, 1904</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Dasypops" title="Dasypops">Dasypops</a></i> <small>Miranda-Ribeiro, 1924</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Dermatonotus" title="Dermatonotus">Dermatonotus</a></i> <small>Méhely, 1904</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Elachistocleis" title="Elachistocleis">Elachistocleis</a></i> <small>Parker, 1927</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Gastrophryne" title="Gastrophryne">Gastrophryne</a></i> <small>Fitzinger, 1843</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Hamptophryne" title="Hamptophryne">Hamptophryne</a></i> <small>Carvalho, 1954</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Hypopachus" title="Hypopachus">Hypopachus</a></i> <small>Keferstein, 1867</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Myersiella" title="Myersiella">Myersiella</a></i> <small>Carvalho, 1954</small></li> <li><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ChubbyFrog_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/ChubbyFrog_02.jpg/220px-ChubbyFrog_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/ChubbyFrog_02.jpg/330px-ChubbyFrog_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/ChubbyFrog_02.jpg/440px-ChubbyFrog_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Banded_bullfrog" title="Banded bullfrog">Kaloula pulchra</a></i></figcaption></figure>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Stereocyclops" title="Stereocyclops">Stereocyclops</a></i> <small>Cope, 1870</small></li></ul></li> <li>subfamily <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hoplophryninae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hoplophryninae (page does not exist)">Hoplophryninae</a> <small>Noble, 1931</small> <ul><li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Hoplophryne" title="Hoplophryne">Hoplophryne</a></i> <small>Barbour & Loveridge, 1928</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Parhoplophryne" title="Parhoplophryne">Parhoplophryne</a></i> <small>Barbour & Loveridge, 1928</small></li></ul></li> <li>subfamily <a href="/wiki/Kalophryninae" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalophryninae">Kalophryninae</a> <small>Mivart, 1869</small> <ul><li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Kalophrynus" title="Kalophrynus">Kalophrynus</a></i> <small>Tschudi, 1838</small></li></ul></li> <li>subfamily <a href="/wiki/Melanobatrachinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Melanobatrachinae">Melanobatrachinae</a> <small>Noble, 1931</small> <ul><li><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Melanobatrachus_indicus_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Melanobatrachus_indicus_%282%29.jpg/220px-Melanobatrachus_indicus_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Melanobatrachus_indicus_%282%29.jpg/330px-Melanobatrachus_indicus_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Melanobatrachus_indicus_%282%29.jpg/440px-Melanobatrachus_indicus_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4443" data-file-height="2786" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Melanobatrachus" title="Melanobatrachus">Melanobatrachus indicus</a></i></figcaption></figure>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Melanobatrachus" title="Melanobatrachus">Melanobatrachus</a></i> <small>Beddome, 1878</small></li></ul></li> <li>subfamily <a href="/wiki/Microhylinae" title="Microhylinae">Microhylinae</a> <small>Günther, 1858</small> <ul><li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Glyphoglossus" title="Glyphoglossus">Glyphoglossus</a></i> <small>Gunther, 1869 "1868"</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Kaloula" title="Kaloula">Kaloula</a></i> <small>Gray, 1831</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Metaphrynella" title="Metaphrynella">Metaphrynella</a></i> <small>Parker, 1934</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Microhyla" title="Microhyla">Microhyla</a></i> <small>Tschudi, 1838</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Micryletta" title="Micryletta">Micryletta</a></i> <small>Dubois, 1987</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Mysticellus" class="mw-redirect" title="Mysticellus">Mysticellus</a></i> <small>Sonali & Biju, 2019</small></li> <li><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Scaphiophryne_gottlebei02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Scaphiophryne_gottlebei02.jpg/220px-Scaphiophryne_gottlebei02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Scaphiophryne_gottlebei02.jpg/330px-Scaphiophryne_gottlebei02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Scaphiophryne_gottlebei02.jpg/440px-Scaphiophryne_gottlebei02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="770" data-file-height="504" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Scaphiophryne_gottlebei" title="Scaphiophryne gottlebei">Scaphiophryne gottlebei</a></i></figcaption></figure>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Nanohyla" title="Nanohyla">Nanohyla</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">Gorin, Scherz, Korost & Poyarkov, 2021</span><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Phrynella" title="Phrynella">Phrynella</a></i> <small>Boulenger, 1887</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Uperodon" title="Uperodon">Uperodon</a></i> <small>Duméril & Bibron, 1841</small></li></ul></li> <li>subfamily <a href="/w/index.php?title=Otophryninae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otophryninae (page does not exist)">Otophryninae</a> <small>Wassersug & Pyburn, 1987</small> <ul><li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Otophryne" title="Otophryne">Otophryne</a></i> <small>Boulenger, 1900</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Synapturanus" title="Synapturanus">Synapturanus</a></i> <small>Carvalho, 1954</small></li></ul></li> <li>subfamily <a href="/wiki/Phrynomerinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Phrynomerinae">Phrynomerinae</a> <small>Noble, 1931</small> <ul><li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Phrynomantis" title="Phrynomantis">Phrynomantis</a></i> <small>Peters, 1867</small></li></ul></li> <li>subfamily <a href="/wiki/Scaphiophryninae" title="Scaphiophryninae">Scaphiophryninae</a> <small>Laurent, 1946</small> <ul><li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Paradoxophyla" title="Paradoxophyla">Paradoxophyla</a></i> <small>Blommers-Schlösser & Blanc, 1991</small></li> <li>genus <i><a href="/wiki/Scaphiophryne" title="Scaphiophryne">Scaphiophryne</a></i> <small>Boulenger, 1882</small></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Range">Range</h2></div> <p>Frogs from the Microhylidae occur throughout the tropical and warm temperate regions of North America, South America, Africa, eastern India, <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Guinea" title="New Guinea">New Guinea</a>, and Australia. Although most are found in tropical or subtropical regions, a few species can be found in arid or nontropical areas. They are the majority of frog species in New Guinea and <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a>. </p><p>The ranges of each subfamily are:<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hoplophryninae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hoplophryninae (page does not exist)">Hoplophryninae</a>: <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scaphiophryninae" title="Scaphiophryninae">Scaphiophryninae</a>: <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyscophinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Dyscophinae">Dyscophinae</a>: <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microhylinae" title="Microhylinae">Microhylinae</a>: <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asterophryinae" title="Asterophryinae">Asterophryinae</a>: <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Guinea" title="New Guinea">New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phrynomantis" title="Phrynomantis">Phrynomerinae</a>: <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalophryninae" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalophryninae">Kalophryninae</a>: <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Otophyninae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otophyninae (page does not exist)">Otophyninae</a>: <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cophylinae" title="Cophylinae">Cophylinae</a>: <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gastrophryninae" class="mw-redirect" title="Gastrophryninae">Gastrophryninae</a>: <a href="/wiki/New_World" title="New World">New World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanobatrachinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Melanobatrachinae">Melanobatrachinae</a>: <a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaperininae" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaperininae">Chaperininae</a>: <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelastinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Adelastinae">Adelastinae</a>: <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-van-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-van_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-van_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-van_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">van der Meijden, A., M. Vences, S. Hoegg, R. Boistel, A. Channing, and A. Meyer. 2007. Nuclear gene phylogeny of narrow-mouthed toads (family: Microhylidae) and a discussion of competing hypotheses concerning their biogeographical origins. <i>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</i> <b>44</b>(3):1017–1030. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ympev.2007.02.008">10.1016/j.ympev.2007.02.008</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Phibweb-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Phibweb_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmphibiaweb" class="citation web cs1">Amphibiaweb. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amphibiaweb.org/lists/Microhylidae.shtml">"Microhylidae"</a>. <i>Amphibiaweb</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Amphibiaweb&rft.atitle=Microhylidae&rft.au=Amphibiaweb&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famphibiaweb.org%2Flists%2FMicrohylidae.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMicrohylidae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EoR-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EoR_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EoR_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZweifel,_Robert_G.1998" class="citation book cs1">Zweifel, Robert G. (1998). Cogger, H.G.; Zweifel, R.G. (eds.). <i>Encyclopedia of Reptiles and Amphibians</i>. San Diego: Academic Press. pp. 102–103. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-12-178560-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-12-178560-2"><bdi>0-12-178560-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Reptiles+and+Amphibians&rft.place=San+Diego&rft.pages=102-103&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0-12-178560-2&rft.au=Zweifel%2C+Robert+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMicrohylidae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCaldwell2001" class="citation book cs1">Caldwell, George R. Zug; Laurie J. Vitt; Janalee P. (2001). <i>Herpetology : an introductory biology of amphibians and reptiles</i> (2. ed.). San Diego [u.a.]: Academic Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-12-782622-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-12-782622-X"><bdi>0-12-782622-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Herpetology+%3A+an+introductory+biology+of+amphibians+and+reptiles&rft.place=San+Diego+%5Bu.a.%5D&rft.edition=2.&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-12-782622-X&rft.aulast=Caldwell&rft.aufirst=George+R.+Zug%3B+Laurie+J.+Vitt%3B+Janalee+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMicrohylidae" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGorinScherzKorostPoyarkov2021" class="citation journal cs1">Gorin, Vladislav A.; Scherz, Mark D.; Korost, Dmitriy V.; Poyarkov, Nikolay A. (2021-12-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zse.pensoft.net/article/57968/">"Consequences of parallel miniaturisation in Microhylinae (Anura, Microhylidae), with the description of a new genus of diminutive South East Asian frogs"</a>. <i>Zoosystematics and Evolution</i>. <b>97</b> (1): 21–54. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3897%2Fzse.97.57968">10.3897/zse.97.57968</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1860-0743">1860-0743</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zoosystematics+and+Evolution&rft.atitle=Consequences+of+parallel+miniaturisation+in+Microhylinae+%28Anura%2C+Microhylidae%29%2C+with+the+description+of+a+new+genus+of+diminutive+South+East+Asian+frogs&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=21-54&rft.date=2021-12-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3897%2Fzse.97.57968&rft.issn=1860-0743&rft.aulast=Gorin&rft.aufirst=Vladislav+A.&rft.au=Scherz%2C+Mark+D.&rft.au=Korost%2C+Dmitriy+V.&rft.au=Poyarkov%2C+Nikolay+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzse.pensoft.net%2Farticle%2F57968%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMicrohylidae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">De Sá, R. O., Streicher, J. W., Sekonyela, R., Forlani, M. C., Loader, S. P., Greenbaum, E., Richards, S., Haddad, C. F. B. (2012). Molecular phylogeny of microhylid frogs (Anura: Microhylidae) with emphasis on relationships among New World genera. <i>BMC Evolutionary Biology</i>, <b>12</b>, 241. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1186%2F1471-2148-12-241">10.1186/1471-2148-12-241</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Extant_anuran_families_by_suborder" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Anura" title="Template:Anura"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Anura" title="Template talk:Anura"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Anura" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Anura"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Extant_anuran_families_by_suborder" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Extant <a href="/wiki/Frog" title="Frog">anuran</a> families by suborder</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>Kingdom <a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li> <li>Phylum <a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></li> <li>Subphylum <a href="/wiki/Craniate" title="Craniate">Craniata</a></li> <li>Superclass <a href="/wiki/Tetrapod" title="Tetrapod">Tetrapoda</a></li> <li>Class <a href="/wiki/Amphibian" title="Amphibian">Amphibia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archaeobatrachia" title="Archaeobatrachia">Archaeobatrachia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tailed_frog" title="Tailed frog">Ascaphidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombinatoridae" title="Bombinatoridae">Bombinatoridae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discoglossidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Discoglossidae">Discoglossidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leiopelma" title="Leiopelma">Leiopelmatidae</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:White-Lipped-small.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="White-lipped Tree Frog"><img alt="White-lipped Tree Frog" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/White-Lipped-small.jpg/50px-White-Lipped-small.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/White-Lipped-small.jpg/75px-White-Lipped-small.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/White-Lipped-small.jpg 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="73" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mesobatrachia" title="Mesobatrachia">Mesobatrachia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Megophryidae" title="Megophryidae">Megophryidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_spadefoot_toad" title="European spadefoot toad">Pelobatidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parsley_frog" title="Parsley frog">Pelodytidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pipidae" title="Pipidae">Pipidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_spadefoot_toad" title="American spadefoot toad">Scaphiopodidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_burrowing_toad" title="Mexican burrowing toad">Rhinophrynidae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neobatrachia" title="Neobatrachia">Neobatrachia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphignathodontidae" title="Amphignathodontidae">Amphignathodontidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aromobatidae" title="Aromobatidae">Aromobatidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthroleptidae" title="Arthroleptidae">Arthroleptidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brachycephalidae" title="Brachycephalidae">Brachycephalidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brevicipitidae" title="Brevicipitidae">Brevicipitidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/True_toad" title="True toad">Bufonidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_frog" title="Glass frog">Centrolenidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craugastoridae" title="Craugastoridae">Craugastoridae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poison_dart_frog" title="Poison dart frog">Dendrobatidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost_frog" title="Ghost frog">Heleophrynidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemiphractidae" title="Hemiphractidae">Hemiphractidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shovelnose_frog" title="Shovelnose frog">Hemisotidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hylidae" title="Hylidae">Hylidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperoliidae" title="Hyperoliidae">Hyperoliidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leptodactylidae" title="Leptodactylidae">Leptodactylidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantellidae" title="Mantellidae">Mantellidae</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Microhylidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myobatrachidae" title="Myobatrachidae">Myobatrachidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petropedetidae" title="Petropedetidae">Petropedetidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyxicephalidae" title="Pyxicephalidae">Pyxicephalidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/True_frog" title="True frog">Ranidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhacophoridae" title="Rhacophoridae">Rhacophoridae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhinodermatidae" title="Rhinodermatidae">Rhinodermatidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sooglossidae" title="Sooglossidae">Sooglossidae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Variegated_golden_frog_%28Mantella_baroni%29_Ranomafana.jpg/32px-Variegated_golden_frog_%28Mantella_baroni%29_Ranomafana.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Variegated_golden_frog_%28Mantella_baroni%29_Ranomafana.jpg/48px-Variegated_golden_frog_%28Mantella_baroni%29_Ranomafana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Variegated_golden_frog_%28Mantella_baroni%29_Ranomafana.jpg/64px-Variegated_golden_frog_%28Mantella_baroni%29_Ranomafana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4302" data-file-height="2869" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Frogs" title="Portal:Frogs">Frogs portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Microhylidae</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56057" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q56057">Q56057</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Microhylidae" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Microhylidae">Microhylidae</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">ADW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Microhylidae/">Microhylidae</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Faunal_Directory" title="Australian Faunal Directory">AFD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biodiversity.org.au/afd/taxa/Microhylidae">Microhylidae</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Amphibian_Species_of_the_World" title="Amphibian Species of the World">ASW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/Amphibia/Anura/Microhylidae">Microhylidae</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=25169">25169</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/624MT">624MT</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/7504">7504</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/6741">6741</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/24736">24736</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=104682">104682</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=173465">173465</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=8427">8427</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=1062202">1062202</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=37474">37474</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plazi" title="Plazi">Plazi</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://treatment.plazi.org/id/92323D62-812B-FF8B-FEBE-FF4BFD949475">92323D62-812B-FF8B-FEBE-FF4BFD949475</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National 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