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window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":115580899,"created_at":"2024-02-29T01:50:10.836-08:00","from_world_paper_id":250653807,"updated_at":"2024-11-24T12:23:10.383-08:00","_data":{"publisher":"Brill","grobid_abstract":"»Globaler Protest gegen Atomkraft: Transfer und transnationaler Austausch in den 1970er und 1980er Jahren«. Protest against nuclear power plants, uranium mining and nuclear testing played a pivotal role in the rise of a mass environmental movement around the globe in the 1970s and 1980s. Nevertheless, the history of anti-nuclear activism has largely been told from a strictly national perspective. This HSR Focus approaches the phenomenon from a transnational perspective for the first time. Against the backdrop of the debate on transnational history, this article develops a framework of analysis, and contextualizes anti-nuclear protest in a broader postwar perspective. The contributions show that anti-nuclear movements across the globe were transnationally connected. First, scientific expertise and protest practices were transferred between movements, and subsequently adapted to local requirements. Secondly, transnational cooperation and networks did indeed emerge, playing an important role in taking protest to the international and European level. However, as opposed to contemporary rhetoric of grassroots transnational solidarity, such cooperation was limited to a small, highly skilled and committed group of mediators-often semi-professional activists-who managed to overcome the obstacles of distance and cultural differences and had access to the necessary resources.","publication_name":"The SHAFR Guide Online","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"111947007"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Global Protest against Nuclear Power. Transfer and Transnational Exchange in the 1970s and 1980s","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [7539470]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":111947007,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Global Protest against Nuclear Power. Transfer and Transnational Exchange in the 1970s and 1980s”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/111947007/mini_magick20240229-1-lrbpxm.png?1709200337" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Global Protest against Nuclear Power. Transfer and Transnational Exchange in the 1970s and 1980s</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7539470" href="https://rg-mpg.academia.edu/JanHenrikMeyer"><img alt="Profile image of Jan-Henrik Meyer" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/7539470/3928464/4605925/s65_jan-henrik.meyer.jpg" />Jan-Henrik Meyer</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">The SHAFR Guide Online</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">27 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 115580899; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=115580899"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { try { const viewCountNumber = parseInt(viewCount, 10); if (viewCountNumber === 0) { // Remove the whole views element if there are zero views. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); return; } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">»Globaler Protest gegen Atomkraft: Transfer und transnationaler Austausch in den 1970er und 1980er Jahren«. Protest against nuclear power plants, uranium mining and nuclear testing played a pivotal role in the rise of a mass environmental movement around the globe in the 1970s and 1980s. Nevertheless, the history of anti-nuclear activism has largely been told from a strictly national perspective. This HSR Focus approaches the phenomenon from a transnational perspective for the first time. Against the backdrop of the debate on transnational history, this article develops a framework of analysis, and contextualizes anti-nuclear protest in a broader postwar perspective. The contributions show that anti-nuclear movements across the globe were transnationally connected. First, scientific expertise and protest practices were transferred between movements, and subsequently adapted to local requirements. Secondly, transnational cooperation and networks did indeed emerge, playing an important role in taking protest to the international and European level. However, as opposed to contemporary rhetoric of grassroots transnational solidarity, such cooperation was limited to a small, highly skilled and committed group of mediators-often semi-professional activists-who managed to overcome the obstacles of distance and cultural differences and had access to the necessary resources.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":111947007,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/115580899/Global_Protest_against_Nuclear_Power_Transfer_and_Transnational_Exchange_in_the_1970s_and_1980s"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":111947007,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/115580899/Global_Protest_against_Nuclear_Power_Transfer_and_Transnational_Exchange_in_the_1970s_and_1980s"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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Transfer and Transnational Exchange in the 1970s and 1980s, in: Historical Social Research, Vol. 39 (2014), No. 4. Focus issue ed. with Jan-Henrik Meyer.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6195723" href="https://hu-berlin.academia.edu/AstridKirchhof">Astrid Kirchhof</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7539470" href="https://rg-mpg.academia.edu/JanHenrikMeyer">Jan-Henrik Meyer</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Protest against nuclear power plants, uranium mining and nuclear testing was a major mobilizing force in the rise of mass environmental movements in the 1970s and 1980s around the globe. Nevertheless, the historiography of anti-nuclear protest remains largely limited to national stories about heroic conflict and the rise of movements. The contributions to this focus issue explore the so far under-researched transnational dimension of the conflict in a global perspective. They make visible for the first time relevant transfers of scientific knowledge and protest practices as well as transnational exchange between activists and experts from Western Europe, the United States and Australia. Rather than taking transnational interaction for granted, the authors explore the conditions facilitating and hampering the transfer of ideas. They analyse why only certain activists were committed and able to cross borders, as well as the obstacles they were facing. Thus, this focus issue contributes to current academic debates in environmental history, the history of social movements as well as global and transnational history.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Global Protest against Nuclear Power. Transfer and Transnational Exchange in the 1970s and 1980s, in: Historical Social Research, Vol. 39 (2014), No. 4. Focus issue ed. with Jan-Henrik Meyer.","attachmentId":39009009,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/16473017/Global_Protest_against_Nuclear_Power_Transfer_and_Transnational_Exchange_in_the_1970s_and_1980s_in_Historical_Social_Research_Vol_39_2014_No_4_Focus_issue_ed_with_Jan_Henrik_Meyer","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/16473017/Global_Protest_against_Nuclear_Power_Transfer_and_Transnational_Exchange_in_the_1970s_and_1980s_in_Historical_Social_Research_Vol_39_2014_No_4_Focus_issue_ed_with_Jan_Henrik_Meyer"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="7816258" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7816258/Focus_Issue_Global_Protest_against_Nuclear_Power_Transfer_and_Transnational_Exchange_in_the_1970s_and_1980s_edited_by_A_M_Kirchhof_and_J_H_Meyer">Focus Issue: Global Protest against Nuclear Power. Transfer and Transnational Exchange in the 1970s and 1980s, edited by A. M. Kirchhof and J.-H. Meyer</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7539470" href="https://rg-mpg.academia.edu/JanHenrikMeyer">Jan-Henrik Meyer</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Historical Social Research 39: 1, 2014</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Protest against nuclear power plants, uranium mining and nuclear testing was a major mobilizing force in the rise of mass environmental movements in the 1970s and 1980s around the globe. Nevertheless, the historiography of anti-nuclear protest remains largely limited to national stories about heroic conflict and the rise of movements. The contributions to this focus issue explore the so far under-researched transnational dimension of the conflict in a global perspective. They make visible for the first time relevant transfers of scientific knowledge and protest practices as well as transnational exchange between activists and experts from Western Europe, the United States and Australia. Rather than taking transnational interaction for granted, the authors explore the conditions facilitating and hampering the transfer of ideas. They analyse why only certain activists were committed and able to cross borders, as well as the obstacles they were facing. Thus, this focus issue contributes to current academic debates in environmental history, the history of social movements as well as global and transnational history. Global Protest against Nuclear Power Astrid Mignon Kirchhof & Jan-Henrik Meyer: Global Protest against Nuclear Power. Transfer and Transnational Exchange in the 1970s and 1980s. [Abstract] Stephen Milder: Between Grassroots Activism and Transnational Aspirations: Anti-Nuclear Protest from the Rhine Valley to the Bundestag, 1974-1983. [Abstract] Jan-Henrik Meyer: “Where do we go from Wyhl?” Transnational Anti-Nuclear Protest targeting European and Inter-national Organizations in the 1970s. [Abstract] Michael L. Hughes: Civil Disobedience in Transnational Perspective: American and West German Anti-Nuclear-Power Protesters, 1975-1982. [Abstract] Astrid Mignon Kirchhof: Spanning the Globe: West-German Support for the Australian Anti-Nuclear Movement. [Abstract]</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Focus Issue: Global Protest against Nuclear Power. Transfer and Transnational Exchange in the 1970s and 1980s, edited by A. M. Kirchhof and J.-H. Meyer","attachmentId":34319248,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/7816258/Focus_Issue_Global_Protest_against_Nuclear_Power_Transfer_and_Transnational_Exchange_in_the_1970s_and_1980s_edited_by_A_M_Kirchhof_and_J_H_Meyer","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/7816258/Focus_Issue_Global_Protest_against_Nuclear_Power_Transfer_and_Transnational_Exchange_in_the_1970s_and_1980s_edited_by_A_M_Kirchhof_and_J_H_Meyer"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="68986795" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/68986795/Where_do_we_go_from_Wyhl_Transnational_anti_nuclear_protest_targeting_European_and_international_organizations_in_the_1970s">Where do we go from Wyhl?" Transnational anti-nuclear protest targeting European and international organizations in the 1970s</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7539470" href="https://rg-mpg.academia.edu/JanHenrikMeyer">Jan-Henrik Meyer</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2014</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">»"Wyhl und was nun?" Transnationaler Protest gegen die Atompolitik europäischer und internationaler Organisationen in den 1970er Jahren«. While the site occupation at Wyhl in 1975 is usually considered the symbolic birthplace of the West German anti-nuclear movement, it may also serve as the starting point for a transnational history of anti-nuclear protest. Local crossborder cooperation among protesters at Wyhl deeply impressed those antinuclear activists in the mid-1970s who considered nuclear power a global problem and encouraged them to take their protest to the international level. The central argument of this article is that protest directed against international organizations (IOs)-notably the European Communities (EC) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) provided a crucial catalyst for transnational cooperation among anti-nuclear activists. Targeting IOs as the key promoters of nuclear power on a global scale, anti-nuclear activists cooperated across borders organizing protest events. Their goal was to challenge the IOs and win back the public on the issue across borders. Based on multi-archival research, this article analyzes five transnational protest events between 1975 and 1978 in Western Europe. Findings suggest that continued cooperation led to the emergence of a transnational anti-nuclear network and facilitated transnational transfers of scientific expertise and protest practices.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Where do we go from Wyhl?\" Transnational anti-nuclear protest targeting European and international organizations in the 1970s","attachmentId":79260397,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/68986795/Where_do_we_go_from_Wyhl_Transnational_anti_nuclear_protest_targeting_European_and_international_organizations_in_the_1970s","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/68986795/Where_do_we_go_from_Wyhl_Transnational_anti_nuclear_protest_targeting_European_and_international_organizations_in_the_1970s"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="7806382" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7806382/Meyer_Jan_Henrik_2014_Where_do_we_go_from_Wyhl_Transnational_Anti_Nuclear_Protest_Targeting_European_and_International_Organizations_in_the_1970s_In_Historical_Social_Research_39_1_212_235">Meyer, Jan-Henrik 2014. "Where do we go from Wyhl?" Transnational Anti-Nuclear Protest Targeting European and International Organizations in the 1970s. In Historical Social Research 39 (1), 212-235.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7539470" href="https://rg-mpg.academia.edu/JanHenrikMeyer">Jan-Henrik Meyer</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">While the site occupation at Wyhl in 1975 is usually considered the symbolic birthplace of the West German anti-nuclear movement, it may also serve as the starting point for a transnational history of anti-nuclear protest. Local crossborder cooperation among protesters at Wyhl deeply impressed those antinuclear activists in the mid-1970s who considered nuclear power a global problem and encouraged them to take their protest to the international level. The central argument of this article is that protest directed against international organizations (IOs) – notably the European Communities (EC) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) provided a crucial catalyst for transnational cooperation among anti-nuclear activists. Targeting IOs as the key promoters of nuclear power on a global scale, anti-nuclear activists cooperated across borders organizing protest events. Their goal was to challenge the IOs and win back the public on the issue across borders. Based on multi-archival research, this article analyzes five transnational protest events between 1975 and 1978 in Western Europe. Findings suggest that continued cooperation led to the emergence of a transnational anti-nuclear network and facilitated transnational transfers of scientific expertise and protest practices.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Meyer, Jan-Henrik 2014.\t\"Where do we go from Wyhl?\" Transnational Anti-Nuclear Protest Targeting European and International Organizations in the 1970s. In Historical Social Research 39 (1), 212-235.","attachmentId":34311772,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/7806382/Meyer_Jan_Henrik_2014_Where_do_we_go_from_Wyhl_Transnational_Anti_Nuclear_Protest_Targeting_European_and_International_Organizations_in_the_1970s_In_Historical_Social_Research_39_1_212_235","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/7806382/Meyer_Jan_Henrik_2014_Where_do_we_go_from_Wyhl_Transnational_Anti_Nuclear_Protest_Targeting_European_and_International_Organizations_in_the_1970s_In_Historical_Social_Research_39_1_212_235"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="96901175" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/96901175/Review_of_Better_Active_than_Radioactive_Anti_Nuclear_Protest_in_1970s_France_and_West_Germany">Review of 'Better Active than Radioactive! Anti-Nuclear Protest in 1970s France and West Germany</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="223622153" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RahimRahim111">Rahim Rahim</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Reviews in History, 2017</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Review of 'Better Active than Radioactive! Anti-Nuclear Protest in 1970s France and West Germany","attachmentId":98670686,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/96901175/Review_of_Better_Active_than_Radioactive_Anti_Nuclear_Protest_in_1970s_France_and_West_Germany","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/96901175/Review_of_Better_Active_than_Radioactive_Anti_Nuclear_Protest_in_1970s_France_and_West_Germany"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="29422446" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29422446/Grassroots_Transnationalism_s_Franco_German_Opposition_to_Nuclear_Energy_in_the_1970s">Grassroots Transnationalism(s): Franco-German Opposition to Nuclear Energy in the 1970s</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="507796" href="https://dhi-waw.academia.edu/AndrewTompkins">Andrew S . Tompkins</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Contemporary European History, 2016</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">During the 1970s opposition to nuclear energy was present in countries around the world and thus eminently ‘transnational’. But what did it mean to participate at the grassroots of such a transnational movement and (how) did cross-border connections change protest? This article answers these questions by differentiating three categories of transnational engagement that were accessible to grassroots activists. ‘Thinking transnationally’ involved extrapolating from, decontextualising and recontextualising limited information in order to rethink one's own situation. ‘Acting transnationally’ entailed accessing transnational spaces; it therefore required more mobility, but could be useful as a means of challenging and deconstructing state power. Intermediaries at the grassroots engaged in ‘being transnational’, which affected their personal and political identities as well as life histories. These examples of transnational agency illustrate how grassroots activists, including some without vast wealth or institutional resources, participated in transnational processes in ways that enriched, but also complicated protest.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Grassroots Transnationalism(s): Franco-German Opposition to Nuclear Energy in the 1970s","attachmentId":103901791,"attachmentType":"docx","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/29422446/Grassroots_Transnationalism_s_Franco_German_Opposition_to_Nuclear_Energy_in_the_1970s","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/29422446/Grassroots_Transnationalism_s_Franco_German_Opposition_to_Nuclear_Energy_in_the_1970s"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="98727602" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/98727602/An_Ecological_Internationale_Nuclear_Energy_Opponents_in_Western_Europe_1975_1980_">An “Ecological Internationale?” Nuclear Energy Opponents in Western Europe (1975-1980)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="507796" href="https://dhi-waw.academia.edu/AndrewTompkins">Andrew S . Tompkins</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Leftist Internationalisms: A Transnational Political History, 2023</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The ‘Ecological Internationale’ [imagined by the French Interior Ministry] was never as united as French authorities or their West German counterparts imagined it to be. Indeed, it might well be argued that the opposition to nuclear energy owed its rapid expansion to the presence of multiple internationalisms within its orbit, each espousing solidarities with different scopes. The horizons of many local activists were primarily regional, though they also extended to other affected communities and opened up to a range of outside supporters. Countercultural environmentalists encouraged precisely the kind of decentralized, local action that prevailed within the anti-nuclear movement, and their presence changed the makeup of protest in rural communities especially. Pacifist networks and radical left organizations were more intrinsically focused on international developments and internationalist solidarities, helping to bring the wider world to places and protests that might otherwise have remained consciously provincial. However, despite overlapping and frequently complementary interests, non-violent and left-wing activists often competed with one another for hegemony among anti-nuclear protesters. With its emphasis on the personal concern of directly affected individuals, the anti-nuclear movement effectively fused the place-based nature of environmental protest with the ‘politics in the first person’ espoused by many so-called New Social Movements. It also foreshadowed the ways in which protest movements in the 1980s (from the revitalized peace movement to the decentralized, autonomous left) developed internationalist orientations and transnational networks on the basis of concern that was overwhelmingly understood as embodied, personal and local.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"An “Ecological Internationale?” Nuclear Energy Opponents in Western Europe (1975-1980)","attachmentId":103899917,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/98727602/An_Ecological_Internationale_Nuclear_Energy_Opponents_in_Western_Europe_1975_1980_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/98727602/An_Ecological_Internationale_Nuclear_Energy_Opponents_in_Western_Europe_1975_1980_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="95131181" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/95131181/_International_dimensions_of_anti_nuclear_activism_with_Christian_Peterson_and_William_Knoblauch_in_Charles_Howlett_Christian_Peterson_Deborah_Buffton_and_David_Hostetter_eds_Oxford_Handbook_of_Peace_History_Oxford_University_Press_2022_650_686">‘International dimensions of anti-nuclear activism’ (with Christian Peterson and William Knoblauch), in Charles Howlett, Christian Peterson, Deborah Buffton and David Hostetter (eds), Oxford Handbook of Peace History (Oxford University Press, 2022), 650-686.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2662074" href="https://utas.academia.edu/KyleHarvey">Kyle Harvey</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This chapter explores how opposition to nuclear weapons has evolved since 1945. Looking at local, national, and international efforts of anti-nuclear activists, it investigates the various ways civil society has lobbied, educated, and protested as they advocated solutions to the dangers of the development, testing, and potential use of nuclear weapons. This is a history rooted in the national and international politics of the Cold War; yet the impact of nuclear weapons extends to the present. Canvassing national and transnational activism in the United States, western Europe, India, New Zealand, and Australia, this chapter considers how individuals, organizations, and campaigns engaged in various forms of activism as they sought different solutions to the dangers of nuclear weapons. It looks at how campaigners explored the political, diplomatic, military, economic, technological, and social influences that shape how nuclear weapons have been perceived around the world, and how solutions to their control have been campaigned for, dissected, and abandoned. Over time, individuals from a wide variety of backgrounds have explored how to confront the world’s nuclear powers; largely, thus far, most have been unable to dismantle our nuclear arsenals.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"‘International dimensions of anti-nuclear activism’ (with Christian Peterson and William Knoblauch), in Charles Howlett, Christian Peterson, Deborah Buffton and David Hostetter (eds), Oxford Handbook of Peace History (Oxford University Press, 2022), 650-686.","attachmentId":120683145,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/95131181/_International_dimensions_of_anti_nuclear_activism_with_Christian_Peterson_and_William_Knoblauch_in_Charles_Howlett_Christian_Peterson_Deborah_Buffton_and_David_Hostetter_eds_Oxford_Handbook_of_Peace_History_Oxford_University_Press_2022_650_686","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/95131181/_International_dimensions_of_anti_nuclear_activism_with_Christian_Peterson_and_William_Knoblauch_in_Charles_Howlett_Christian_Peterson_Deborah_Buffton_and_David_Hostetter_eds_Oxford_Handbook_of_Peace_History_Oxford_University_Press_2022_650_686"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="16571470" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/16571470/With_Jan_Henrik_Meyer_Introduction_Global_Protest_against_Nuclear_Power_Transfer_and_Transnational_Exchange_in_the_1970s_and_1980s_in_Historical_Social_Research_Vol_39_2014_No_1_pp_165_190">With Jan-Henrik Meyer, Introduction: Global Protest against Nuclear Power. Transfer and Transnational Exchange in the 1970s and 1980s, in: Historical Social Research, Vol. 39 (2014), No. 1. pp. 165-190.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6195723" href="https://hu-berlin.academia.edu/AstridKirchhof">Astrid Kirchhof</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7539470" href="https://rg-mpg.academia.edu/JanHenrikMeyer">Jan-Henrik Meyer</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Formalization means a variety of procedures that match descriptions of events, structures, and processes with explicit models of those events, structures, and processes. Formal methods do not necessarily involve quantification or computing; analyses of linguistic, spatial, or temporal structure, for example, often proceed quite formally without computers and without any direct intervention of mathematics.»</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"With Jan-Henrik Meyer, Introduction: Global Protest against Nuclear Power. Transfer and Transnational Exchange in the 1970s and 1980s, in: Historical Social Research, Vol. 39 (2014), No. 1. pp. 165-190.","attachmentId":39055924,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/16571470/With_Jan_Henrik_Meyer_Introduction_Global_Protest_against_Nuclear_Power_Transfer_and_Transnational_Exchange_in_the_1970s_and_1980s_in_Historical_Social_Research_Vol_39_2014_No_1_pp_165_190","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/16571470/With_Jan_Henrik_Meyer_Introduction_Global_Protest_against_Nuclear_Power_Transfer_and_Transnational_Exchange_in_the_1970s_and_1980s_in_Historical_Social_Research_Vol_39_2014_No_1_pp_165_190"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="71589215" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/71589215/Revealing_Risks_European_Moments_in_Nuclear_Politics_and_the_Anti_Nuclear_Movement">Revealing Risks: European Moments in Nuclear Politics and the Anti-Nuclear Movement</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6195723" href="https://hu-berlin.academia.edu/AstridKirchhof">Astrid Kirchhof</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Patrick Kupper/Anna-Katharina Wöbse (Hg.), Protecting the Environment, Contemporary European History Series, (Oldenbourg: De Gruyter), 2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This chapter explores various European moments when Europeans have engaged with civil and military use of nuclear energy.While the development of nuclear power was initiallycloselyand deliberatelylinked to (re-)building Europe and European integration, since the 1970s, the growingc ritiqueo f this technologyh as givenr ise to conflicts within societies and across borders, transnationalmovements, and European networks of cooperation. In the beginning,t his was limited to Western Europe, but since the Chernobyl disaster of 1986 it has increasinglyi ncluded the East as well. This chapter drawso nE uropean moments that have playedout on-and often cut across-different levels, from the supranational to the nationala nd local, in different parts of Europe, shaped by av ariety of different actors.I tu nderscores, in particular,t he important role playedb yw omen in this conflict. Keywords nuclear energy;n uclear weapons; protest; European cooperation; transnationalm ovements When the German Young Socialists Josef "Jo" Leinen and PetraK ellyvisited the occupied construction site of the plannedW yhl nuclear power plant on the West German side of the Upper Rhine in 1975,they immediatelyinterpreted the protest event as what could be called a "European moment".¹ Supported by activists from across the French and Swiss borders,the predominantlylocal protesters appeared to them to be the embodiment of ab etter Europe from below.S uch border-crossing protest seemed to represent ac ounter-project to the Europe of big business thatm anyl eftists associatedw ith the European Communities (EC)-Kelly'se mployer.² Both Leinen and Kellywerepart of the Young European Federalists, the leftleaning youth organization of the European movement,amovement aiming to createa" United States of Europe".I na na ttempt to challengea nd ultimately changeE Cn uclear policy,b otho ft hem subsequentlyw orked hard to taket he protest against nuclear power to Brussels. They managedt oc onvince the European commissioner GuidoB runner to organize public hearingsi nB russels in 1977/78, the "Open Debates on Nuclear Energy".³</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Revealing Risks: European Moments in Nuclear Politics and the Anti-Nuclear Movement","attachmentId":100120180,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/71589215/Revealing_Risks_European_Moments_in_Nuclear_Politics_and_the_Anti_Nuclear_Movement","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/71589215/Revealing_Risks_European_Moments_in_Nuclear_Politics_and_the_Anti_Nuclear_Movement"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":111947007,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":111947007,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_111947007" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="57090711" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/57090711/The_Political_Construction_of_the_Nuclear_Energy_Issue_and_Its_Impact_on_the_Mobilization_of_Anti_Nuclear_Movements_in_Western_Europe">The Political Construction of the Nuclear Energy Issue and Its Impact on the Mobilization of Anti-Nuclear Movements in Western Europe</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3050077" href="https://uva.academia.edu/JanWillemDuyvendak">Jan Willem 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class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2012</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Development of Activism: The Elders of the Anti-nuclear Movement","attachmentId":77603961,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/66396704/Development_of_Activism_The_Elders_of_the_Anti_nuclear_Movement","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/66396704/Development_of_Activism_The_Elders_of_the_Anti_nuclear_Movement"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" 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Tompkins</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">European Review of History/Revue européenne d'histoire, 2021</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Generating post-modernity: nuclear energy opponents and\r\nthe future in the 1970s","attachmentId":73835959,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60351580/Generating_post_modernity_nuclear_energy_opponents_and_the_future_in_the_1970s","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/60351580/Generating_post_modernity_nuclear_energy_opponents_and_the_future_in_the_1970s"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="30299537" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30299537/_Nuclear_Migrants_Radical_Protest_and_the_Transnational_Movement_against_French_Nuclear_Testing_in_the_1960s_The_1967_Voyage_of_the_Trident_Labour_History_no_111_2016_79_98">"Nuclear Migrants, Radical Protest, and the Transnational Movement against French Nuclear Testing in the 1960s: The 1967 Voyage of the Trident", Labour History, no. 111 (2016): 79-98</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2662074" href="https://utas.academia.edu/KyleHarvey">Kyle Harvey</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"\"Nuclear Migrants, Radical Protest, and the Transnational Movement against French Nuclear Testing in the 1960s: The 1967 Voyage of the Trident\", Labour History, no. 111 (2016): 79-98","attachmentId":120682507,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/30299537/_Nuclear_Migrants_Radical_Protest_and_the_Transnational_Movement_against_French_Nuclear_Testing_in_the_1960s_The_1967_Voyage_of_the_Trident_Labour_History_no_111_2016_79_98","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/30299537/_Nuclear_Migrants_Radical_Protest_and_the_Transnational_Movement_against_French_Nuclear_Testing_in_the_1960s_The_1967_Voyage_of_the_Trident_Labour_History_no_111_2016_79_98"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="33594059" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33594059/Global_Micropolitics_Toward_a_Transnational_History_of_Nuclear_Free_Zones_in_Eckart_Conze_Martin_Klimke_Jeremy_Varon_eds_Nuclear_Threats_Nuclear_Fear_and_the_Cold_War_of_the_1980s_Cambridge_University_Press_New_York_2017_206_226">Global Micropolitics. 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Cambridge University Press: New York 2017, 206–226.","attachmentId":68230351,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33594059/Global_Micropolitics_Toward_a_Transnational_History_of_Nuclear_Free_Zones_in_Eckart_Conze_Martin_Klimke_Jeremy_Varon_eds_Nuclear_Threats_Nuclear_Fear_and_the_Cold_War_of_the_1980s_Cambridge_University_Press_New_York_2017_206_226","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/33594059/Global_Micropolitics_Toward_a_Transnational_History_of_Nuclear_Free_Zones_in_Eckart_Conze_Martin_Klimke_Jeremy_Varon_eds_Nuclear_Threats_Nuclear_Fear_and_the_Cold_War_of_the_1980s_Cambridge_University_Press_New_York_2017_206_226"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="19685025" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19685025/_2015_A_brief_green_moment_the_emergence_and_decline_of_the_Polish_anti_nuclear_and_environmental_movement">(2015) A brief green moment: the emergence and decline of the Polish anti-nuclear and environmental movement</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="40898054" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JanuszWaluszko">Janusz Waluszko</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="277855" href="https://nupi.academia.edu/KacperSzulecki">Kacper Szulecki</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"(2015) A brief green moment: the emergence and decline of the Polish anti-nuclear and environmental movement","attachmentId":40782303,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/19685025/_2015_A_brief_green_moment_the_emergence_and_decline_of_the_Polish_anti_nuclear_and_environmental_movement","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/19685025/_2015_A_brief_green_moment_the_emergence_and_decline_of_the_Polish_anti_nuclear_and_environmental_movement"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="39310602" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39310602/Nuclear_Energy_and_the_Sublime_A_Visual_History_from_the_Early_Italian_Anti_Nuclear_Movement_1975_1979_">Nuclear Energy and the Sublime: A Visual History from the Early Italian Anti-Nuclear Movement (1975-1979)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1120798" href="https://uninsubria.academia.edu/AndreaCandela">Andrea Candela</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Technology and the Sublime [Special Issue, edited by G. 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Philosophical Coordinates in Modern and Contemporary Age, VI (2018), nr. 12, 2018</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Nuclear Energy and the Sublime: A Visual History from the Early Italian Anti-Nuclear Movement (1975-1979)","attachmentId":59448665,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/39310602/Nuclear_Energy_and_the_Sublime_A_Visual_History_from_the_Early_Italian_Anti_Nuclear_Movement_1975_1979_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/39310602/Nuclear_Energy_and_the_Sublime_A_Visual_History_from_the_Early_Italian_Anti_Nuclear_Movement_1975_1979_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="20312078" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20312078/Anti_nuclear_mobilization_and_environmentalism_in_Europe_A_view_from_Portugal">Anti-nuclear mobilization and environmentalism in Europe. 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A view from Portugal","attachmentId":41270815,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/20312078/Anti_nuclear_mobilization_and_environmentalism_in_Europe_A_view_from_Portugal","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/20312078/Anti_nuclear_mobilization_and_environmentalism_in_Europe_A_view_from_Portugal"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="28093420" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md 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Weapon's Success in Conducting Anti-Nuclear Weapon Advocacy</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="92900771" href="https://fkikumy.academia.edu/HendyReynaldi">Hendy A Reynaldi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings The 1st UMYGRACE 2020 “Armoring the Youth to Contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)”, 2020</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Lessons Learned from International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapon's Success in Conducting Anti-Nuclear Weapon 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