Klimatske promjene: Zdravim šumama protiv emisija stakleničkih plinova | Teme

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="hr"> <head> <title>Klimatske promjene: Zdravim šumama protiv emisija stakleničkih plinova | Teme | Europski parlament</title> <meta property="og:title" content="Klimatske promjene: Zdravim šumama protiv emisija stakleničkih plinova | Teme | Europski parlament"/> <meta property="twitter:title" content="Klimatske promjene: Zdravim šumama protiv emisija stakleničkih plinova | Teme | Europski parlament"/> <meta itemprop="name" content="Klimatske promjene: Zdravim šumama protiv emisija stakleničkih plinova | Teme | Europski parlament"/> <meta name="description" content="Šume upijaju CO2 i iznimno su bitne u borbi protiv klimatskih promjena, stoga EU radi na pravilima za zdrave šume u državama članicama. Više u infografici."/> <meta property="og:description" content="Šume upijaju CO2 i iznimno su bitne u borbi protiv klimatskih promjena, stoga EU radi na pravilima za zdrave šume u državama članicama. Više u infografici."/> <meta property="twitter:description" content="Šume upijaju CO2 i iznimno su bitne u borbi protiv klimatskih promjena, stoga EU radi na pravilima za zdrave šume u državama članicama. Više u infografici."/> <meta itemprop="description" content="Šume upijaju CO2 i iznimno su bitne u borbi protiv klimatskih promjena, stoga EU radi na pravilima za zdrave šume u državama članicama. 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<span class="sr-only">Povratak na stranicu</span> <span class="">Klimatske promjene</span> </a> </span> <span aria-current="page"> <span class="text-16px text-black-greydark font-bold"> <span class="sr-only">Current page :</span> <span class="">Klimatske promjene: Zdravim šumama protiv emisija stakleničkih plinova </span> </span> </span> </div> <div class="block md:hidden pt-6 pb-8"> <span class="block relative"> <a class="block pl-4 text-16px text-blue-default font-bold" href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/topics/hr/topic/climate-change"> <span class="sr-only">Go back to page: </span> <span class="ep_name">Klimatske promjene</span> </a> <span class="before:block before:absolute before:top-1/2 before:translate-y-[-50%] before:left-0 before:rotate-[135deg] before:border-r-2 before:border-b-2 before:border-black-greydefault before:w-[6px] before:h-[6px]"></span> </span> </div> </nav> </div> <main role="main" id="website-body" class="pb-4"> <input type="hidden" id="webanalytic-id_chapters" value="topics"/> <input type="hidden" id="webanalytic-id_sub-chapters" value="climate-and-environment"/> <input type="hidden" id="webanalytic-id_sub-sub-chapters" value=""/> <input type="hidden" id="webanalytic-id_pages" value="lulucf-land-use-0717-seo"/> <input type="hidden" id="webanalytic-id_type" value="story"/> <input type="hidden" id="webanalytic-ep_bodies" value="committees~envi"/> <input type="hidden" id="webanalytics-topics_by_weeks" value=""/> <input type="hidden" id="webanalytics-priority_category" value=""/> <input type="hidden" id="webanalytics-priority_wordlink" value=""/> <input type="hidden" id="webanalytics-reference" value="20170711STO79506"/> <input type="hidden" id="webanalytics-language" value="hr"/> <div class="lg:max-w-3xl md:max-w-2xl mx-auto px-4"> <div data-component="story-intro" class="mb-12"> <h1 class="text-xl text-center pt-8 mb-6 text-black-greydark">Klimatske promjene: Zdravim šumama protiv emisija stakleničkih plinova</h1> <p class="text-base text-center mb-4 text-black-greydark">Šume upijaju CO2 i iznimno su bitne u borbi protiv klimatskih promjena, stoga EU radi na pravilima za zdrave šume u državama članicama. Više u infografici.</p> <div class="relative text-center"> <small class="infos flex flex-col justify-center items-center space-y-1 text-sm text-black-greydark"> <time datetime="11-07-2017">Objavljeno: 11-07-2017</time> <time class="" datetime="2023-03-17T11:46:00">Posljednji put ažurirano: 17-03-2023 - 11:46</time> <time datetime="PT5M" class="" >Vrijeme čitanja: 5 min</time> </small> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="lg:max-w-3xl md:max-w-2xl mx-auto px-4"> </div> <div class="lg:max-w-4xl md:max-w-2xl mx-auto px-4"> <div data-component="figure-default" class="block no-underline mb-12"> <figure> <a href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/images/20220505PHT28812/20220505PHT28812_original.jpg"> <img src="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/images/20220505PHT28812/20220505PHT28812-cl.jpg" class="block mb-2" alt="ilustracija šume" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/images/20220505PHT28812/20220505PHT28812-cs.jpg 320w, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/images/20220505PHT28812/20220505PHT28812-cm.jpg 640w, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/images/20220505PHT28812/20220505PHT28812-cl.jpg 1024w" sizes="100vw"> </a> <figcaption class="text-16px text-black-greydark"></figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> <div class="lg:max-w-3xl md:max-w-2xl mx-auto px-4"> <div data-component="story-content" class="mb-12"><p class="ep-wysiwig_paragraph">EU provodi niz <a href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/hr/headlines/society/20180305STO99003/smanjenje-emisija-ugljicnih-plinova-ciljevi-i-mjere-eu-a" target="_blank" rel="noopener">inicijativa za smanjenje emisija stakleničkih plinova</a>. Kako šume imaju ključnu ulogu u smanjenju emisija CO2 koje doprinose globalnom zatopljenju, EU radi na pravilima za povećanje ponora ugljika.</p> <p class="ep-wysiwig_paragraph"></p> <p class="ep-wysiwig_paragraph">U ožujku 2023. Parlament je odobrio <a href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/hr/press-room/20230310IPR77223/parlament-donio-novi-cilj-za-ponore-ugljika-i-povecao-klimatske-ambicije-eu-a" target="_blank" rel="noopener">nova pravila koja reguliraju sektor korištenja zemljišta, prenamjene zemljišta i šumarstva (LULUCF)</a>, povećavajući ponore ugljika u zemljama EU-a za 15 posto do 2030. godine. Pravila još mora službeno odobriti Vijeće.</p></div> </div> <div class="lg:max-w-3xl md:max-w-2xl mx-auto px-4"> <div data-component="video-default-loaded" class="mb-12"> <div id="eptv-video-3_20170711STO79506HR"> <figure> <div class="relative"> <a class="relative block w-full h-full group overflow-hidden ep_media ep-layout_image" href="https://multimedia.europarl.europa.eu/hr/carbon-sinks-harnessing-forests-and-farmland_N01_AFPS_220519_LULU_ev"> <span class="sr-only">Watch the video document</span> <div class="relative w-full h-full"> <div class="absolute z-10 top-0 flex items-center p-4 bg-black-greydark text-white-default leading-5"> <span class="flex before:inline-block before:w-[38px] before:h-[38px] before:rounded-full before:border-2 before:border-white-default before:mr-4 after:absolute after:left-[30px] after:top-1/2 after:translate-y-[-50%] after:w-0 after:h-0 after:border-solid after:border-l-white-default after:border-l-[14px] after:border-y-transparent after:border-y-8 after:border-r-0"></span> <span>Spremnici ugljika</span> </div> <img src="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/images/20220520PHT30501/20220520PHT30501-video_m.jpg" class="object-cover w-full transition duration-300 ease-in-out group-hover:scale-110 aspect-16-9" alt="" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/images/20220520PHT30501/20220520PHT30501-video_s.jpg 320w, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/images/20220520PHT30501/20220520PHT30501-video_m.jpg 640w, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/images/20220520PHT30501/20220520PHT30501-video_l.jpg 1024w" sizes="100vw"> <div class="absolute right-0 bottom-0 bg-black-greydark text-white-default p-4"> <span class="pl-4 before:absolute before:left-[14px] before:top-1/2 before:translate-y-[-50%] before:w-0 before:h-0 before:border-solid before:border-l-white-default before:border-l-[10px] before:border-y-transparent before:border-y-[6px] before:border-r-0"> <span class="sr-only">(Trajanje videozapisa:</span> <time class="inline-block" datetime="PT1M38S">01:38</time> <span class="sr-only">)</span> </span> </div> </div> </a> </div> <figcaption> <span>Spremnici ugljika: Uporaba šuma i poljoprivrednog zemljišta</span> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ define("player-loader-3_20170711STO79506HR",['video-player'], function(videoPlayer){ var state = { id: "eptv-video-3_20170711STO79506HR", embedUrl: "https:\/\/multimedia.europarl.europa.eu\/hr\/carbon-sinks-harnessing-forests-and-farmland_N01_AFPS_220519_LULU_ev?p_p_state=pop_up\u0026lang=hr" } videoPlayer.setInPlaceVideoClickHandler(state); }) /*]]>*/ </script> </div> </div> <div class="lg:max-w-3xl md:max-w-2xl mx-auto px-4"> <div data-component="story-content" class="mb-12"><p class="ep-wysiwig_paragraph">U nastavku teksta saznajte ključne činjenice i brojke o šumama u zemljama EU-a i prijedloge Parlamenta za jačanje njihovog kapaciteta za apsorpciju CO2 iz atmosfere.</p></div> </div> <div class="lg:max-w-3xl md:max-w-2xl mx-auto px-4"> <div data-component="story-content" class="mb-12"><h2 class="ep-wysiwig_heading-2">Važnost šuma u EU-u</h2> <br /> <p class="ep-wysiwig_paragraph">Šume EU-a apsorbiraju svake godine ekvivalent od 7 posto ukupne emisije stakleničkih plinova EU-a.</p> <p class="ep-wysiwig_paragraph"></p> <p class="ep-wysiwig_paragraph">EU pokriva 159 milijuna hektara šuma, što čini 43,5 posto kopnene površine. Pokrivenost šumama razlikuje se od jedne do druge zemlje EU-a, tako na Malti iznosi oko 10 posto dok u Hrvatskoj šume zauzimaju gotovo 60 posto ukupne površine.</p> <p class="ep-wysiwig_paragraph"></p> <p class="ep-wysiwig_paragraph">Šume su ključne za pravilan rad ekosustava: štite tlo od erozije, dio su ciklusa vode, osiguravaju stanište brojnim vrstama i reguliraju lokalnu klimu. Apsorpcijom CO2 iz atmosfere, glavni su saveznik u borbi protiv klimatskih promjena.</p></div> </div> <div class="lg:max-w-4xl md:max-w-2xl mx-auto px-4"> <div data-component="figure-default" class="block no-underline mb-12"> <figure> <a href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/images/20220505PHT28849/20220505PHT28849_original.jpg"> <img src="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/images/20220505PHT28849/20220505PHT28849-cl.jpg" class="block mb-2" alt="Šume zauzimaju 43,3% površine EU-a." loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/images/20220505PHT28849/20220505PHT28849-cs.jpg 320w, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/images/20220505PHT28849/20220505PHT28849-cm.jpg 640w, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/images/20220505PHT28849/20220505PHT28849-cl.jpg 1024w" sizes="100vw"> </a> <figcaption class="text-16px text-black-greydark">Šume zauzimaju 43,3% površine EU-a.</figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> <div class="lg:max-w-3xl md:max-w-2xl mx-auto px-4"> <div data-component="story-content" class="mb-12"><h2 class="ep-wysiwig_heading-2">Sektori pod utjecajem ovog zakona</h2> <br /> <p class="ep-wysiwig_paragraph">Izmijenjeni planovi odnose se na sektor korištenja zemljišta, prenamjene zemljišta i šumarstva, koji uglavnom pokriva šumsko i poljoprivredno zemljište, kao i zemljište čija je namjena promijenjena u ili iz jedne od ovih namjena.</p> <p class="ep-wysiwig_paragraph"><br />Unatoč tome što ovaj sektor emitira stakleničke plinove, posebno kroz izmjene zemljišta, poput prenamjene šumskih površina u obradivo zemljište, krčenjem šuma ili njihovom pretvorbom u poljoprivredno područje, to je također jedini sektor koji može ukloniti CO2 iz atmosfere.</p></div> </div> <div class="lg:max-w-4xl md:max-w-2xl mx-auto px-4"> <div data-component="figure-default" class="block no-underline mb-12"> <figure> <a href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/images/20220505PHT28850/20220505PHT28850_original.jpg"> <img src="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/images/20220505PHT28850/20220505PHT28850-cl.jpg" class="block mb-2" alt="Šume pomažu smanjiti ekvivalent od 7% godišnjih emisija stakleničkih plinova u EU-u." loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/images/20220505PHT28850/20220505PHT28850-cs.jpg 320w, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/images/20220505PHT28850/20220505PHT28850-cm.jpg 640w, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/images/20220505PHT28850/20220505PHT28850-cl.jpg 1024w" sizes="100vw"> </a> <figcaption class="text-16px text-black-greydark">Šume pomažu smanjiti ekvivalent od 7 posto godišnjih emisija stakleničkih plinova u EU-u.</figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> <div class="lg:max-w-3xl md:max-w-2xl mx-auto px-4"> <div data-component="story-content" class="mb-12"><h2 class="ep-wysiwig_heading-2">Koja su nova pravila?</h2> <br /> <p class="ep-wysiwig_paragraph">Novim će se pravilima povećati ponori ugljika u EU-u kroz obnovu močvarnih područja, sadnjom novih šuma i zaustavljanjem krčenja šuma. To treba dovesti do povećanog smanjenja emisija EU-a od 57 posto do 2030., u usporedbi s prethodno postavljenih 55 posto, čime bi se uklonilo najmanje 310 milijuna tona ekvivalenta CO2.</p> <br /> <p class="ep-wysiwig_paragraph">Od 2026. sve države članice imat će obvezujuće nacionalne ciljeve za emisije stakleničkih plinova i njihovo uklanjanje iz sektora korištenja zemljišta, prenamjene zemljišta i šumarstva za 2030. godinu, određene na temelju nedavnih razina uklanjanja i potencijala za dodatno uklanjanje. Do tada će zemlje EU-a morati osigurati da emisije iz tog sektora ne premašuju uklonjenu količinu.</p> <br /> <p class="ep-wysiwig_paragraph">Pravila također osiguravaju poboljšano praćenje i veću fleksibilnost za države članice, uključujući naknadu u slučaju prirodnih katastrofa i nepogoda kao što su šumski požari i oluje te mogućnost korištenja kredita u okviru Uredbe o korištenju zemljišta, prenamjeni zemljišta i šumarstva za nadoknadu emisija iz sektora u <a href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/BRIE/2021/698812/EPRS_BRI(2021)698812_EN.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Uredbi o raspodjeli tereta</a>.</p></div> </div> <div class="lg:max-w-3xl md:max-w-2xl mx-auto px-4"> <div data-component="story-content" class="mb-12"><h2 class="ep-wysiwig_heading-2">Napori EU-a za smanjenje emisija</h2> <br /> <p class="ep-wysiwig_paragraph">Reforma pravila o korištenju zemljišta i šumarstva dio je paketa EU-a „Spremni za 55%“ kojemu je cilj smanjiti emisije stakleničkih plinova za najmanje 55 posto do 2030., kao što je određeno <a href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/hr/headlines/society/20200618STO81513/zeleni-plan-kljuc-klimatski-neutralnog-i-odrzivog-eu-a" target="_blank" rel="noopener">europskim zakonom o klimi</a>.</p> <br /> <p class="ep-wysiwig_paragraph">Ostali dijelovi paketa uključuju prijedloge o <a href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/hr/headlines/society/20170213STO62208/reforma-ets-a-sustava-trgovine-emisijama-staklenickih-plinova" target="_blank" rel="noopener">trgovini emisijama</a>, <a href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/hr/headlines/society/20180208STO97442/smanjenje-emisija-staklenickih-plinova-u-eu-u-nacionalni-ciljevi-za-2030" target="_blank" rel="noopener">raspodjeli tereta između zemalja EU-a</a>, <a href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/hr/headlines/society/20180920STO14027/smanjenje-emisija-u-prometu-objasnjenje-novih-ciljeva-za-smanjenje-emisija-co2" target="_blank" rel="noopener">emisijama CO2 iz automobila</a>, <a href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/hr/headlines/society/20221128STO58001/kako-eu-potice-koristenje-energije-iz-obnovljivih-izvora" target="_blank" rel="noopener">obnovljivoj energiji</a> i <a href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/hr/headlines/society/20221128STO58002/usteda-energije-sto-eu-poduzima-za-smanjenje-potrosnje" target="_blank" rel="noopener">uštedi energije</a>.</p></div> </div> <div class="lg:max-w-3xl md:max-w-2xl mx-auto px-4"> <div data-component="story-content" class="mb-12"><p class="ep-wysiwig_paragraph"><em>Ovaj je članak izvorno objavljen 13. rujna 2017., a posljednji je put ažuriran u ožujku 2023.</em></p></div> </div> <div class="lg:max-w-3xl md:max-w-2xl mx-auto px-4"> <div data-component="box-links" class="mb-12"> <h2 class="text-22px font-bold mb-3">Daljnje informacije</h2> <ul class="[&>li]:mb-2 [&>li:last-of-type]:mb-0 [&>li>a]:text-base [&>li>a]:text-blue-linkbody"> <li> <a 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