CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US"> <head > <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <meta property="fb:admins" content="1140409510" /> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var gform;gform||(document.addEventListener("gform_main_scripts_loaded",function(){gform.scriptsLoaded=!0}),window.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function(){gform.domLoaded=!0}),gform={domLoaded:!1,scriptsLoaded:!1,initializeOnLoaded:function(o){gform.domLoaded&&gform.scriptsLoaded?o():!gform.domLoaded&&gform.scriptsLoaded?window.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",o):document.addEventListener("gform_main_scripts_loaded",o)},hooks:{action:{},filter:{}},addAction:function(o,n,r,t){gform.addHook("action",o,n,r,t)},addFilter:function(o,n,r,t){gform.addHook("filter",o,n,r,t)},doAction:function(o){gform.doHook("action",o,arguments)},applyFilters:function(o){return gform.doHook("filter",o,arguments)},removeAction:function(o,n){gform.removeHook("action",o,n)},removeFilter:function(o,n,r){gform.removeHook("filter",o,n,r)},addHook:function(o,n,r,t,i){null==gform.hooks[o][n]&&(gform.hooks[o][n]=[]);var e=gform.hooks[o][n];null==i&&(i=n+"_"+e.length),gform.hooks[o][n].push({tag:i,callable:r,priority:t=null==t?10:t})},doHook:function(n,o,r){var t;if(r=Array.prototype.slice.call(r,1),null!=gform.hooks[n][o]&&((o=gform.hooks[n][o]).sort(function(o,n){return o.priority-n.priority}),o.forEach(function(o){"function"!=typeof(t=o.callable)&&(t=window[t]),"action"==n?t.apply(null,r):r[0]=t.apply(null,r)})),"filter"==n)return r[0]},removeHook:function(o,n,t,i){var r;null!=gform.hooks[o][n]&&(r=(r=gform.hooks[o][n]).filter(function(o,n,r){return!!(null!=i&&i!=o.tag||null!=t&&t!=o.priority)}),gform.hooks[o][n]=r)}}); /* ]]> */ </script> <meta property="fb:admins" content="107031532675062" /> <meta name="msvalidate.01" content="40BA1B879066C83CDFCA374CA4B490C3" /> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' />  <title>Signup for Engineers Garage Enewsletters get you caught up on mission critical product updates, teardown videos, how-to's, webinars and more. - Engineers Garage</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/subscribe-engineers-garage-newsletter/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Signup for Engineers Garage Enewsletters get you caught up on mission critical product updates, teardown videos, how-to's, webinars and more." /> <meta property="og:description" content="Sign Up Today" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.engineersgarage.com/subscribe-engineers-garage-newsletter/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Engineers Garage" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/engineersgarage" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@EngineersGarage" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.engineersgarage.com/subscribe-engineers-garage-newsletter/","url":"https://www.engineersgarage.com/subscribe-engineers-garage-newsletter/","name":"Signup for Engineers Garage Enewsletters get you caught up on mission critical product updates, teardown videos, how-to's, webinars and more. - Engineers Garage","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.engineersgarage.com/#website"},"datePublished":"2019-07-29T20:46:45+00:00","dateModified":"2019-07-29T20:47:07+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.engineersgarage.com/subscribe-engineers-garage-newsletter/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://www.engineersgarage.com/subscribe-engineers-garage-newsletter/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.engineersgarage.com/subscribe-engineers-garage-newsletter/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.engineersgarage.com/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Signup for Engineers Garage Enewsletters get you caught up on mission critical product updates, teardown videos, how-to’s, webinars and more."}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.engineersgarage.com/#website","url":"https://www.engineersgarage.com/","name":"Engineers Garage","description":"Electronic Projects, Electrical Engineering Resources, Makers Articles and Product News","publisher":{"@id":"https://www.engineersgarage.com/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://www.engineersgarage.com/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.engineersgarage.com/#organization","name":"Engineer's Garage - WTWH Media","url":"https://www.engineersgarage.com/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.engineersgarage.com/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/EGlogo.png","contentUrl":"https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/EGlogo.png","width":372,"height":52,"caption":"Engineer's Garage - WTWH Media"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.engineersgarage.com/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/engineersgarage","https://x.com/EngineersGarage","https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC0VITh11JSYk-UW7toLebUw"]}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//static.addtoany.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//kit.fontawesome.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Engineers Garage » Feed" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Engineers Garage » Comments Feed" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/comments/feed/" /> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/www.engineersgarage.com\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.7"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); /* ]]> */ </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='genesis-blocks-style-css-css' href='https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/genesis-blocks/dist/style-blocks.build.css?ver=1720775798' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='genesis-simple-share-plugin-css-css' href='https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/genesis-simple-share/assets/css/share.min.css?ver=0.1.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='genesis-simple-share-genericons-css-css' href='https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/genesis-simple-share/assets/css/genericons.min.css?ver=0.1.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='theme-wtwh-amplifying-css' href='https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/themes/ThemeWTWHv2/style.css?ver=1705628983' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.7' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wtwh_prestitial_main_style-css' href='https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/prestitial/assets/css/main.css?ver=1.1.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wtwh_prestitial_style-css' href='https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/prestitial/assets/css/prestitial.css?ver=1.1.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='megamenu-css' href='https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/maxmegamenu/style.css?ver=44ec18' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='dashicons-css' href='https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-includes/css/dashicons.min.css?ver=6.7' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ea-style-css' href='https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/themes/ThemeWTWHv2/assets/css/main.css?ver=1705628983' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='simple-social-icons-font-css' href='https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/simple-social-icons/css/style.css?ver=3.0.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tablepress-default-css' href='https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/tablepress/css/build/default.css?ver=2.4.4' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='gforms_reset_css-css' href='https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/legacy/css/formreset.min.css?ver=2.8.18' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='gforms_formsmain_css-css' href='https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/legacy/css/formsmain.min.css?ver=2.8.18' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='gforms_ready_class_css-css' href='https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/legacy/css/readyclass.min.css?ver=2.8.18' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='gforms_browsers_css-css' href='https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/legacy/css/browsers.min.css?ver=2.8.18' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='addtoany-css' href='https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/add-to-any/addtoany.min.css?ver=1.16' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='genesis-tabs-stylesheet-css' href='https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/genesis-tabs/assets/css/style.css?ver=0.9.5' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/genesis-simple-share/assets/js/sharrre/jquery.sharrre.min.js?ver=0.1.0" id="genesis-simple-share-plugin-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/genesis-simple-share/assets/js/waypoints.min.js?ver=0.1.0" id="genesis-simple-share-waypoint-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="addtoany-core-js-before"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window.a2a_config=window.a2a_config||{};a2a_config.callbacks=[];a2a_config.overlays=[];a2a_config.templates={}; a2a_config.track_links = 'bitly'; a2a_config.track_links_key = 'addtoany|R_cc6a4017b0274d1d86f2397771b70136'; // username|API key delimited by | a2a_config.templates = { twitter: "${title} ${link} via @EngineersGarage" }; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" defer src="https://static.addtoany.com/menu/page.js" id="addtoany-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/add-to-any/addtoany.min.js?ver=1.1" id="addtoany-jquery-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://kit.fontawesome.com/0db18eb627.js?ver=6.7" id="wtwh_prestitial_fontAwesome_js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/js/jquery.json.min.js?ver=2.8.18" id="gform_json-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="gform_gravityforms-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var gf_global = {"gf_currency_config":{"name":"U.S. Dollar","symbol_left":"$","symbol_right":"","symbol_padding":"","thousand_separator":",","decimal_separator":".","decimals":2,"code":"USD"},"base_url":"https:\/\/www.engineersgarage.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms","number_formats":[],"spinnerUrl":"https:\/\/www.engineersgarage.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images\/spinner.svg","version_hash":"9375f3507eb96cbb8aef9c5ebe9f1edf","strings":{"newRowAdded":"New row added.","rowRemoved":"Row removed","formSaved":"The form has been saved. The content contains the link to return and complete the form."}}; var gform_i18n = {"datepicker":{"days":{"monday":"Mo","tuesday":"Tu","wednesday":"We","thursday":"Th","friday":"Fr","saturday":"Sa","sunday":"Su"},"months":{"january":"January","february":"February","march":"March","april":"April","may":"May","june":"June","july":"July","august":"August","september":"September","october":"October","november":"November","december":"December"},"firstDay":1,"iconText":"Select date"}}; var gf_legacy_multi = {"1":"1"}; var gform_gravityforms = {"strings":{"invalid_file_extension":"This type of file is not allowed. Must be one of the following:","delete_file":"Delete this file","in_progress":"in progress","file_exceeds_limit":"File exceeds size limit","illegal_extension":"This type of file is not allowed.","max_reached":"Maximum number of files reached","unknown_error":"There was a problem while saving the file on the server","currently_uploading":"Please wait for the uploading to complete","cancel":"Cancel","cancel_upload":"Cancel this upload","cancelled":"Cancelled"},"vars":{"images_url":"https:\/\/www.engineersgarage.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images"}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" id="gform_gravityforms-js-before"> /* <![CDATA[ */ /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/js/gravityforms.min.js?ver=2.8.18" id="gform_gravityforms-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/js/dist/utils.min.js?ver=50c7bea9c2320e16728e44ae9fde5f26" id="gform_gravityforms_utils-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/55747" /><link rel='shortlink' href='https://www.engineersgarage.com/?p=55747' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.engineersgarage.com%2Fsubscribe-engineers-garage-newsletter%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.engineersgarage.com%2Fsubscribe-engineers-garage-newsletter%2F&format=xml" />  <script> var contentHash = '9e3384080635dc90ea6017495252fc36'; var cat_target='9e3384080635dc90ea6017495252fc36, ros'; </script> <style> #category-posts-2-internal ul {padding: 0;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-item img {max-width: initial; max-height: initial; margin: initial;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-author {margin-bottom: 0;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-thumbnail {margin: 5px 10px 5px 0;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-item:before {content: ""; clear: both;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-excerpt-more {display: inline-block;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-item {list-style: none; margin: 3px 0 10px; padding: 3px 0;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-current .cat-post-title {font-weight: bold; text-transform: uppercase;} #category-posts-2-internal [class*=cat-post-tax] {font-size: 0.85em;} #category-posts-2-internal [class*=cat-post-tax] * {display:inline-block;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-item:after {content: ""; display: table; clear: both;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-item .cat-post-title {overflow: hidden;text-overflow: ellipsis;white-space: initial;display: -webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp: 4;-webkit-box-orient: vertical;padding-bottom: 0 !important;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-item:after {content: ""; display: table; clear: both;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-thumbnail {display:block; float:left; margin:5px 10px 5px 0;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-crop {overflow:hidden;display:block;} #category-posts-2-internal p {margin:5px 0 0 0} #category-posts-2-internal li > div {margin:5px 0 0 0; clear:both;} #category-posts-2-internal .dashicons {vertical-align:middle;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-thumbnail .cat-post-crop img {height: 95px;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-thumbnail .cat-post-crop img {width: 150px;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-thumbnail .cat-post-crop img {object-fit: cover; max-width: 100%; display: block;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-thumbnail .cat-post-crop-not-supported img {width: 100%;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-thumbnail {max-width:100%;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-item img {margin: initial;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-dark img {padding-bottom: 0 !important; -webkit-transition: all 0.3s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.3s ease; -ms-transition: all 0.3s ease; -o-transition: all 0.3s ease; transition: all 0.3s ease;} #category-posts-2-internal .cat-post-dark:hover img {-webkit-filter: brightness(75%); -moz-filter: brightness(75%); -ms-filter: brightness(75%); -o-filter: brightness(75%); filter: brightness(75%);} </style>  <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MMC9PJ9');</script>   <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-NJMRR6Z');</script>  <script async src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js"></script> <script> window.googletag = window.googletag || {cmd: []}; googletag.cmd.push(function() { var pathParts = window.location.pathname.substr(1).split('/'); var mapHeader = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([768, 200], [728, 90]) .addSize([0, 0], [300, 250]) .build(); var mapLargeHeader = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([1024, 200], [[970, 90], [970, 250]]) .addSize([0, 0], [300, 250]) .build(); var mapWallpaper = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([1024, 500], [[1, 1]]) .addSize([0, 0], [[1, 1]]) .build(); var gptSlots = []; gptSlots[0] = googletag.defineSlot('/5272491/ee_network/eg_header', [[300, 250], [728, 90]], 'div-gpt-eg-header') .defineSizeMapping(mapHeader) .addService(googletag.pubads()); gptSlots[1] = googletag.defineSlot('/5272491/ee_network/eg_largeleader', [[970, 90], [970, 250]], 'div-gpt-eg_largeleader') .defineSizeMapping(mapLargeHeader) .addService(googletag.pubads()); gptSlots[2] = googletag.defineSlot('/5272491/ee_network/eg_wallpaper', [[1, 1]], 'div-gpt-eg_wallpaper') .defineSizeMapping(mapWallpaper) .addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/5272491/ee_network/eg_sidebar1', [[300, 250], [300, 600]], 'div-gpt-eg_sidebar1').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/5272491/ee_network/eg_sidebarbottom', [[300, 250], [300, 600]], 'div-gpt-eg_sidebarbottom').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/5272491/ee_network/eg_storeribbon',[[970, 250]], 'div-gpt-eg_storeribbon').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs(); googletag.pubads().setTargeting('articletitle', pathParts[0] ? pathParts[0]: 'home-page').setTargeting('cat_target', [cat_target]); googletag.enableServices(); }); </script>  <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MMC9PJ9');</script>   <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-NJMRR6Z');</script>  <script async src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js"></script> <script> window.googletag = window.googletag || {cmd: []}; googletag.cmd.push(function() { var pathParts = window.location.pathname.substr(1).split('/'); var mapHeader = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([768, 200], [728, 90]) .addSize([0, 0], [300, 250]) .build(); var mapLargeHeader = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([1024, 200], [[970, 90], [970, 250]]) .addSize([0, 0], [300, 250]) .build(); var mapWallpaper = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([1024, 500], [[1, 1]]) .addSize([0, 0], [[1, 1]]) .build(); var gptSlots = []; gptSlots[0] = googletag.defineSlot('/5272491/ee_network/eg_header', [[300, 250], [728, 90]], 'div-gpt-eg-header') .defineSizeMapping(mapHeader) .addService(googletag.pubads()); gptSlots[1] = googletag.defineSlot('/5272491/ee_network/eg_largeleader', [[970, 90], [970, 250]], 'div-gpt-eg_largeleader') .defineSizeMapping(mapLargeHeader) .addService(googletag.pubads()); gptSlots[2] = googletag.defineSlot('/5272491/ee_network/eg_wallpaper', [[1, 1]], 'div-gpt-eg_wallpaper') .defineSizeMapping(mapWallpaper) .addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/5272491/ee_network/eg_allstreamflex', [[1, 1]], 'div-gpt-eg_allstreamflex').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/5272491/ee_network/eg_allstreamprelude', [[1, 1]], 'div-gpt-eg_allstreamprelude').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/5272491/ee_network/eg_sidebar1', [[300, 250], [300, 600]], 'div-gpt-eg_sidebar1').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/5272491/ee_network/eg_sidebarbottom', [[300, 250], [300, 600]], 'div-gpt-eg_sidebarbottom').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/5272491/ee_network/eg_storeribbon',[[970, 250]], 'div-gpt-eg_storeribbon').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs(); googletag.pubads().setTargeting('articletitle', pathParts[0] ? pathParts[0]: 'home-page').setTargeting('cat_target', [cat_target]); googletag.enableServices(); }); </script><link rel="icon" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/cropped-eg-favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/cropped-eg-favicon-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/cropped-eg-favicon-180x180.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/cropped-eg-favicon-270x270.png" /> <style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css"> /*body > div.site-container > div.site-inner > div > div > main > article > div > p > a { color: #D2232A; }*/ .entry-content a { font-weight: bold; } .site-header .title-area { width: 350px; } @media only screen and (max-width: 1152px) { .site-header .title-area { width: 230px; } } .wtwhSpecial { display: none !important; } article > div > p > a { font-weight: bold; color:#337ab7; text-decoration: underline; } /*RSS FEED FIX*/ #rss-3 > div > h4 > a { font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold; float: none !important; } #rss-3 > div > h4 > a > img { display: none; } #rss-3 > div > ul { width: 100%; padding-left: 30px; } #rss-2 > div > h4 > a { font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold; float: none !important; } #rss-2 > div > h4 > a > img { display: none; } #rss-2 > div > ul { width: 100%; padding-left: 30px; } #recent-posts-2 > .widget-wrap > ul { padding-left: 30px; } .video-carousel .video-popup:before { background: none !important; } .video-carousel .video-popup:after { color: red !important; } .entry-categories a { font-weight: normal;} .entry-tags a{font-weight: normal;} .entry-categories { font-weight: bold;} .entry-tags {font-weight: bold;} .bawmrp a { font-weight: 400; } #digital > span { font-size: 16px !important; font-weight: 400 !important; } xmp { white-space:normal; } .slick-slider .col-sm-4 .header-slide, .slick-slider .col-sm-4 .header-slide img { max-height:240px; object-fit:cover; } .slick-slider .col-sm-8 .header-slide, .slick-slider .col-sm-8 .header-slide img { object-fit:cover; max-height:500px; } /*EE Classrooms*/ .motion-design-guides { font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; width: 270px; height: 60px; text-align: center; text-align-last: center; -moz-text-align-last: center; border-radius: 0px; background-color: #313131; color: white; border-bottom: 4px solid #1f427e; text-transform: uppercase; white-space: wrap; } .motion-design-guide-option { text-align: center; text-align-last: center; -moz-text-align-last: center; text-transform: uppercase; width: 270px; white-space: wrap; } /*Fix for Categories/home page article display*/ @media only screen and (max-width: 500px) { .content .entry .entry-header, .archive-entry .entry-header { /* width: 100% !important;*/ /*padding-left: 0px !important; float: none !important;*/ } /* .content .entry .entry-content { width: 100% !important; }*/ /* .entry-content p { float: none !important; }*/ .entry-content img { text-align: center !important; width: 100% !important; } .archive-entry { display: flex; flex-direction: column-reverse; width: 100% !important; } .archive-entry > .entry-header, .archive-entry .entry-content { width: 100% !important; } /*.archive-entry .entry-image-link img { width: 100% !important; }*/ } @media only screen and (max-width: 767px) { .archive.category .entry-content p { display: none !important } .blog .entry-content p { display: none !important; } } .slick-slider.header-slides .header-slide .overlay h4, .slick-slider.header-slides .header-slide .overlay h2 { text-shadow: 2px 2px 5px black; background: none !important; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px !important; -webkit-text-stroke-color: transparent !important; } .nav-previous{ float:left; margin-bottom:50px } .nav-next{ float:right; margin-bottom:50px } .dropbtn { background-color: #04AA6D; color: white; padding: 16px; font-size: 16px; border: none; } .dropdown { display: inline-block; } .dropdown-content { display: none; position: absolute; background-color: #f1f1f1; min-width: 160px; box-shadow: 0px 8px 16px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2); z-index: 1; } .dropdown-content a { color: black; padding: 12px 16px; text-decoration: none; display: block; } .dropdown-content a:hover {background-color: #ddd;} .dropdown:hover .dropdown-content {display: block;} .dropdown:hover .dropbtn {background-color: #3e8e41;} /*Design Guide Drop Down Menu*/ .motion-design-guides { font-size: 14px; font-family: Raleway, sans-serif; width: 270px; height: 50px; text-align: center; text-align-last: center; -moz-text-align-last: center; border-radius: 0px; background-color: white; color: #000; border-top: 3px solid #000; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #e3e3e3; text-transform: uppercase; white-space: wrap; } .motion-design-guide-option { text-align: center; text-align-last: center; -moz-text-align-last: center; text-transform: uppercase; width: 270px; white-space: wrap; } .motion-design-guides:after { content: ""; border: solid #000; border-width: 0 2px 2px 0; margin-left: 20px; margin-bottom: 3px; display: inline-block; padding: 2.5px; transform: rotate(45deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg); } /*Overlapping Header article Title fix*/ @media only screen and (max-width: 780px) { .site-container { margin-top: 40px !important; } } p.must-log-in a, p.logged-in-as a { color: #23527c !important; font-weight: bold; } article li a { color: #337ab7; text-decoration: underline; } /* Search Page */ body.search .site-inner { padding-left: unset; padding-right: unset; } @media only screen and (min-width: 988px) { .search .content { width: 66% !important; float: left; } .search .sidebar { width: 30%; float: right; } } </style> <style type="text/css">/** Mega Menu CSS: fs **/</style> </head> <body class="page-template-default page page-id-55747 mega-menu-primary header-image content-sidebar genesis-breadcrumbs-hidden">  <div id="prestitial" style="opacity: 0;"> <div id="prestitial-overlay"></div> <div id="prestitial-grid"> <div class="prestitial-logo"> <div class="title-area"> <h1 class="site-title"> <a href="#"><img src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/eg-logo.png"></a></h1> </div> </div> <div class="close-cta"> Continue to Site <i class="fa fa-arrow-right"></i> </div> <div id="prestitial-banner"></div> </div> </div>  <div id="body-wrapper" style="opacity: 0;"> <div class="site-container"><header class="site-header"><div class="wrap"><div class="title-area"><p class="site-title"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/">Engineers Garage</a></p></div><div class="widget-area header-widget-area"><section id="custom_html-2" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="widget_text widget-wrap"><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><div id='div-gpt-eg-header'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-eg-header'); }); </script> </div> </div></div></section> </div><div class="mobile-toggles"><a href="#" class="search-toggle"><i class="icon-search"></i></a><a href="#" class="mobile-menu-toggle"><i class="icon-menu"></i></a></div></div></header><nav class="nav-primary" aria-label="Main"><div class="wrap"><div id="mega-menu-wrap-primary" class="mega-menu-wrap"><div class="mega-menu-toggle"><div class="mega-toggle-blocks-left"></div><div class="mega-toggle-blocks-center"></div><div class="mega-toggle-blocks-right"><div class='mega-toggle-block mega-menu-toggle-animated-block mega-toggle-block-0' id='mega-toggle-block-0'><button aria-label="Toggle Menu" class="mega-toggle-animated mega-toggle-animated-slider" type="button" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="mega-toggle-animated-box"> <span class="mega-toggle-animated-inner"></span> </span> </button></div></div></div><ul id="mega-menu-primary" class="mega-menu max-mega-menu mega-menu-horizontal mega-no-js" data-event="hover_intent" data-effect="fade_up" data-effect-speed="200" data-effect-mobile="disabled" data-effect-speed-mobile="0" data-mobile-force-width="false" data-second-click="go" data-document-click="collapse" data-vertical-behaviour="standard" data-breakpoint="768" data-unbind="true" data-mobile-state="collapse_all" data-mobile-direction="vertical" data-hover-intent-timeout="300" data-hover-intent-interval="100"><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-post_type mega-menu-item-object-page mega-menu-item-has-children mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-flyout mega-menu-item-61908' id='mega-menu-item-61908'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/projects-and-tutorials/" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0">Electronics Projects and Tutorials<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-39808' id='mega-menu-item-39808'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/electronic-projects/" aria-expanded="false">Electronic Projects<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-81272' id='mega-menu-item-81272'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/arduino/">Arduino Projects</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-81273' id='mega-menu-item-81273'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/electronic-projects/avr/">AVR</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-80793' id='mega-menu-item-80793'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/raspberry-pi-electronic-projects/">Raspberry pi</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-78430' id='mega-menu-item-78430'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/electronic-projects/esp8266-electronic-projects/">ESP8266</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-78434' id='mega-menu-item-78434'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/electronic-projects/beaglebone-electronic-projects/">BeagleBone</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-80794' id='mega-menu-item-80794'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/electronic-projects/8051-microcontroller/">8051 Microcontroller</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-55864' id='mega-menu-item-55864'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/electronic-projects/arm-electronic-projects-electronic-projects/">ARM</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-80795' id='mega-menu-item-80795'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/electronic-projects/pic-microcontroller-electronic-projects/">PIC Microcontroller</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-60239' id='mega-menu-item-60239'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/electronic-projects/stm32-electronic-projects-electronic-projects/">STM32</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-7268' id='mega-menu-item-7268'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/" aria-expanded="false">Tutorials<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-78818' id='mega-menu-item-78818'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/audio-tutorials/">Audio Electronics</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-78819' id='mega-menu-item-78819'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/battery-management-systems/">Battery Management</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-78820' id='mega-menu-item-78820'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/brainwave/">Brainwave</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-78833' id='mega-menu-item-78833'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/evs/">Electric Vehicles</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-78822' id='mega-menu-item-78822'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/emc-emi/">EMI/EMC/RFI</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-78823' id='mega-menu-item-78823'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/filters/">Hardware Filters</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-78826' id='mega-menu-item-78826'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/iot-tutorials/">IoT tutorials</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-80151' id='mega-menu-item-80151'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/power/">Power Tutorials</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-78835' id='mega-menu-item-78835'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/python/">Python</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-78829' id='mega-menu-item-78829'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/sensors-tutorials/">Sensors</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-78830' id='mega-menu-item-78830'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/usb/">USB</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-78832' id='mega-menu-item-78832'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/vhdl-tutorials/">VHDL</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-56096' id='mega-menu-item-56096'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/circuit_design/">Circuit Design</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-62725' id='mega-menu-item-62725'><a target="_blank" class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/engineersgarage">Project Videos</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-7269' id='mega-menu-item-7269'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/components/">Components</a></li></ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-has-children mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-flyout mega-menu-item-39810' id='mega-menu-item-39810'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/article_page/" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0">Articles<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-63122' id='mega-menu-item-63122'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tech-articles/">Tech Articles</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-13371' id='mega-menu-item-13371'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/insight/">Insight</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-13399' id='mega-menu-item-13399'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/invention-stories/">Invention Stories</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-13326' id='mega-menu-item-13326'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/how_to/">How to</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-59366' id='mega-menu-item-59366'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/what_is/">What Is</a></li></ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-flyout mega-menu-item-1863' id='mega-menu-item-1863'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0">News<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-39809' id='mega-menu-item-39809'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/news/">Electronic Product News</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-77696' id='mega-menu-item-77696'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/news/business-news/">Business News</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-77697' id='mega-menu-item-77697'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/news/company-start-up-news/">Company/Start-up News</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-14489' id='mega-menu-item-14489'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/reviews/">DIY Reviews</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu-item-object-category mega-menu-item-14287' id='mega-menu-item-14287'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/guest_post/">Guest Post</a></li></ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-flyout mega-menu-item-55871' id='mega-menu-item-55871'><a class="mega-menu-link" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0">Forums<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-55870' id='mega-menu-item-55870'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.edaboard.com/">EDABoard.com</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-55869' id='mega-menu-item-55869'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.electro-tech-online.com/">Electro-Tech-Online</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-1851' id='mega-menu-item-1851'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://forums.engineersgarage.com/">EG Forum Archive</a></li></ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-megamenu mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-megamenu mega-menu-item-1868' id='mega-menu-item-1868'><a target="_blank" class="mega-menu-link" href="https://wtwh.me/9mk" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0">DigiKey Store<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-columns-1-of-3 mega-menu-item-1869' id='mega-menu-item-1869'><a target="_blank" class="mega-menu-link" href="https://wtwh.me/9ml">Cables, Wires</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-columns-1-of-3 mega-menu-item-1870' id='mega-menu-item-1870'><a target="_blank" class="mega-menu-link" href="https://wtwh.me/9mm">Connectors, Interconnect</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-columns-1-of-3 mega-menu-item-1871' id='mega-menu-item-1871'><a target="_blank" class="mega-menu-link" href="https://wtwh.me/9mn">Discrete</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-columns-1-of-3 mega-menu-clear mega-menu-item-1872' id='mega-menu-item-1872'><a target="_blank" class="mega-menu-link" href="https://wtwh.me/9mo">Electromechanical</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-columns-1-of-3 mega-menu-item-1873' id='mega-menu-item-1873'><a target="_blank" class="mega-menu-link" href="https://wtwh.me/9mp">Embedded Computers</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-columns-1-of-3 mega-menu-item-1874' id='mega-menu-item-1874'><a target="_blank" class="mega-menu-link" href="https://wtwh.me/9mq">Enclosures, Hardware, Office</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-columns-1-of-3 mega-menu-clear mega-menu-item-1875' id='mega-menu-item-1875'><a target="_blank" class="mega-menu-link" href="https://wtwh.me/9mr">Integrated Circuits (ICs)</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-columns-1-of-3 mega-menu-item-1876' id='mega-menu-item-1876'><a target="_blank" class="mega-menu-link" href="https://wtwh.me/9ms">Isolators</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-columns-1-of-3 mega-menu-item-1877' id='mega-menu-item-1877'><a target="_blank" class="mega-menu-link" href="https://wtwh.me/9mt">LED/Optoelectronics</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-columns-1-of-3 mega-menu-clear mega-menu-item-1878' id='mega-menu-item-1878'><a target="_blank" class="mega-menu-link" href="https://wtwh.me/9mu">Passive</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-columns-1-of-3 mega-menu-item-1879' id='mega-menu-item-1879'><a target="_blank" class="mega-menu-link" href="https://wtwh.me/9mv">Power, Circuit Protection</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-columns-1-of-3 mega-menu-item-1880' id='mega-menu-item-1880'><a target="_blank" class="mega-menu-link" href="https://wtwh.me/9mw">Programmers</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-columns-1-of-3 mega-menu-clear mega-menu-item-1881' id='mega-menu-item-1881'><a target="_blank" class="mega-menu-link" href="https://wtwh.me/9mx">RF, Wireless</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-columns-1-of-3 mega-menu-item-1882' id='mega-menu-item-1882'><a target="_blank" class="mega-menu-link" href="https://wtwh.me/9mk">Semiconductors</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-columns-1-of-3 mega-menu-item-1883' id='mega-menu-item-1883'><a target="_blank" class="mega-menu-link" href="https://wtwh.me/9my">Sensors, Transducers</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-columns-1-of-3 mega-menu-clear mega-menu-item-1884' id='mega-menu-item-1884'><a target="_blank" class="mega-menu-link" href="https://wtwh.me/9mz">Test Products</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-columns-1-of-3 mega-menu-item-1885' id='mega-menu-item-1885'><a target="_blank" class="mega-menu-link" href="https://wtwh.me/9mA">Tools</a></li></ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-flyout mega-menu-item-56062' id='mega-menu-item-56062'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/learning-center" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0">Learn<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-80114' id='mega-menu-item-80114'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/category/tech-tips/">eBooks/Tech Tips</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-76567' id='mega-menu-item-76567'><a target="_blank" class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/design-guide-library">Design Guides</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-77221' id='mega-menu-item-77221'><a target="_blank" class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/learning-center">Learning Center</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-81739' id='mega-menu-item-81739'><a target="_blank" class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/category/tech-toolboxes/">Tech Toolboxes</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-80113' id='mega-menu-item-80113'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://gateway.on24.com/wcc/experience/elitewtwhmedia/2927718/4415581/eeworld">Webinars & Digital Events</a></li></ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-flyout mega-menu-item-55895' id='mega-menu-item-55895'><a class="mega-menu-link" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0">Resources<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-77693' id='mega-menu-item-77693'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/category/digital-issues/">Digital Issues</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-77694' id='mega-menu-item-77694'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://eetrainingdays.com/">EE Training Days</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-55899' id='mega-menu-item-55899'><a target="_blank" class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/2023-leap-awards-winners-are-announced/">LEAP Awards</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-77695' id='mega-menu-item-77695'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/category/podcasts/">Podcasts</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-77375' id='mega-menu-item-77375'><a target="_blank" class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/ee-world-webinars-and-digital-events/">Webinars / Digital Events</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-55898' id='mega-menu-item-55898'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="http://www.engineeringwhitepapers.com/category/electricalelectronic/">White Papers</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-62203' id='mega-menu-item-62203'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.designworldonline.com/category/news/engineering-diversity/">Engineering Diversity & Inclusion</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-55896' id='mega-menu-item-55896'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.DesignFast.com">DesignFast</a></li></ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-current-menu-item mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-flyout mega-menu-item-80115' id='mega-menu-item-80115'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/subscribe-engineers-garage-newsletter/" aria-current="page" tabindex="0">Subscribe</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-flyout mega-menu-item-80423' id='mega-menu-item-80423'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/join-us-as-a-guest-post-writer/" tabindex="0">Guest Post Guidelines</a></li><li class="menu-item search"><a href="#" class="search-toggle"><i class="icon-search"></i></a></li></ul></div></div></nav><div style="padding-top:10px;text-align:center"> <div id='div-gpt-eg_largeleader'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-eg_largeleader'); }); </script> </div> </div><div class="site-inner"><div class="wrap"><header class="entry-header"><h1 class="entry-title">Signup for Engineers Garage Enewsletters get you caught up on mission critical product updates, teardown videos, how-to’s, webinars and more.</h1> </header><div class="content-sidebar-wrap"><main class="content"><article class="type-page entry" aria-label="Signup for Engineers Garage Enewsletters get you caught up on mission critical product updates, teardown videos, how-to’s, webinars and more."><div class="entry-content"><h2>Sign Up Today</h2> <div class='gf_browser_unknown gform_wrapper gform_legacy_markup_wrapper gform-theme--no-framework' data-form-theme='legacy' data-form-index='0' id='gform_wrapper_1' ><form method='post' enctype='multipart/form-data' id='gform_1' action='/subscribe-engineers-garage-newsletter/' data-formid='1' novalidate> <div class='gform-body gform_body'><ul id='gform_fields_1' class='gform_fields top_label form_sublabel_below description_below validation_below'><li id="field_1_1" class="gfield gfield--type-email gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_1" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_1_1'>Email<span class="gfield_required"><span class="gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk">*</span></span></label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_email'> <input name='input_1' id='input_1_1' type='email' value='' class='medium' aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" /> </div></li><li id="field_1_2" class="gfield gfield--type-name gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_2" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label gfield_label_before_complex' >Name<span class="gfield_required"><span class="gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk">*</span></span></label><div class='ginput_complex ginput_container ginput_container--name no_prefix has_first_name no_middle_name has_last_name no_suffix gf_name_has_2 ginput_container_name gform-grid-row' id='input_1_2'> <span id='input_1_2_3_container' class='name_first gform-grid-col gform-grid-col--size-auto' > <input type='text' name='input_2.3' id='input_1_2_3' value='' aria-required='true' /> <label for='input_1_2_3' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-sub '>First</label> </span> <span id='input_1_2_6_container' class='name_last gform-grid-col gform-grid-col--size-auto' > <input type='text' name='input_2.6' id='input_1_2_6' value='' aria-required='true' /> <label for='input_1_2_6' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-sub '>Last</label> </span> </div></li><li id="field_1_3" class="gfield gfield--type-text gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_3" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_1_3'>Title<span class="gfield_required"><span class="gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk">*</span></span></label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_3' id='input_1_3' type='text' value='' class='medium' aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" /> </div></li><li id="field_1_4" class="gfield gfield--type-text gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_4" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_1_4'>Company<span class="gfield_required"><span class="gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk">*</span></span></label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_4' id='input_1_4' type='text' value='' class='medium' aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" /> </div></li></ul></div> <div class='gform_footer top_label'> <input type='submit' id='gform_submit_button_1' class='gform_button button' value='Submit' onclick='if(window["gf_submitting_1"]){return false;} if( !jQuery("#gform_1")[0].checkValidity || jQuery("#gform_1")[0].checkValidity()){window["gf_submitting_1"]=true;} ' onkeypress='if( event.keyCode == 13 ){ if(window["gf_submitting_1"]){return false;} if( !jQuery("#gform_1")[0].checkValidity || jQuery("#gform_1")[0].checkValidity()){window["gf_submitting_1"]=true;} jQuery("#gform_1").trigger("submit",[true]); }' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='is_submit_1' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_submit' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_unique_id' value='' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='state_1' value='WyJbXSIsImIzNmU2ODY5NTg3YmIzYmZkMmFkZGM4MjM5NjI1NmViIl0=' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_target_page_number_1' id='gform_target_page_number_1' value='0' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_source_page_number_1' id='gform_source_page_number_1' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' name='gform_field_values' value='' /> </div> <p style="display: none !important;" class="akismet-fields-container" data-prefix="ak_"><label>Δ<textarea name="ak_hp_textarea" cols="45" rows="8" maxlength="100"></textarea></label><input type="hidden" id="ak_js_1" name="ak_js" value="191"/><script>document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() );</script></p></form> </div><script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() {gformInitSpinner( 1, 'https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/images/spinner.svg', true );jQuery('#gform_ajax_frame_1').on('load',function(){var contents = jQuery(this).contents().find('*').html();var is_postback = contents.indexOf('GF_AJAX_POSTBACK') >= 0;if(!is_postback){return;}var form_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_wrapper_1');var is_confirmation = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_confirmation_wrapper_1').length > 0;var is_redirect = contents.indexOf('gformRedirect(){') >= 0;var is_form = form_content.length > 0 && ! is_redirect && ! is_confirmation;var mt = parseInt(jQuery('html').css('margin-top'), 10) + parseInt(jQuery('body').css('margin-top'), 10) + 100;if(is_form){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_1').html(form_content.html());if(form_content.hasClass('gform_validation_error')){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_1').addClass('gform_validation_error');} else {jQuery('#gform_wrapper_1').removeClass('gform_validation_error');}setTimeout( function() { /* delay the scroll by 50 milliseconds to fix a bug in chrome */ }, 50 );if(window['gformInitDatepicker']) {gformInitDatepicker();}if(window['gformInitPriceFields']) {gformInitPriceFields();}var current_page = jQuery('#gform_source_page_number_1').val();gformInitSpinner( 1, 'https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/images/spinner.svg', true );jQuery(document).trigger('gform_page_loaded', [1, current_page]);window['gf_submitting_1'] = false;}else if(!is_redirect){var confirmation_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('.GF_AJAX_POSTBACK').html();if(!confirmation_content){confirmation_content = contents;}jQuery('#gform_wrapper_1').replaceWith(confirmation_content);jQuery(document).trigger('gform_confirmation_loaded', [1]);window['gf_submitting_1'] = false;wp.a11y.speak(jQuery('#gform_confirmation_message_1').text());}else{jQuery('#gform_1').append(contents);if(window['gformRedirect']) {gformRedirect();}}jQuery(document).trigger("gform_pre_post_render", [{ formId: "1", currentPage: "current_page", abort: function() { this.preventDefault(); } }]); if (event && event.defaultPrevented) { return; } const gformWrapperDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_wrapper_1" ); if ( gformWrapperDiv ) { const visibilitySpan = document.createElement( "span" ); visibilitySpan.id = "gform_visibility_test_1"; gformWrapperDiv.insertAdjacentElement( "afterend", visibilitySpan ); } const visibilityTestDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_visibility_test_1" ); let postRenderFired = false; function triggerPostRender() { if ( postRenderFired ) { return; } postRenderFired = true; jQuery( document ).trigger( 'gform_post_render', [1, current_page] ); gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform/postRender', native: false, data: { formId: 1, currentPage: current_page } } ); if ( visibilityTestDiv ) { visibilityTestDiv.parentNode.removeChild( visibilityTestDiv ); } } function debounce( func, wait, immediate ) { var timeout; return function() { var context = this, args = arguments; var later = function() { timeout = null; if ( !immediate ) func.apply( context, args ); }; var callNow = immediate && !timeout; clearTimeout( timeout ); timeout = setTimeout( later, wait ); if ( callNow ) func.apply( context, args ); }; } const debouncedTriggerPostRender = debounce( function() { triggerPostRender(); }, 200 ); if ( visibilityTestDiv && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent === null ) { const observer = new MutationObserver( ( mutations ) => { mutations.forEach( ( mutation ) => { if ( mutation.type === 'attributes' && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent !== null ) { debouncedTriggerPostRender(); observer.disconnect(); } }); }); observer.observe( document.body, { attributes: true, childList: false, subtree: true, attributeFilter: [ 'style', 'class' ], }); } else { triggerPostRender(); } } );} ); /* ]]> */ </script> </div></article></main><aside class="sidebar sidebar-primary widget-area" role="complementary" aria-label="Primary Sidebar"><section id="search-2" class="widget widget_search"><div class="widget-wrap"><form class="search-form" method="get" action="https://www.engineersgarage.com/" role="search"><input class="search-form-input" type="search" name="s" id="searchform-1" placeholder="Search this website"><input class="search-form-submit" type="submit" value="GO"><meta content="https://www.engineersgarage.com/?s={s}"></form></div></section> <section id="custom_html-5" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="widget_text widget-wrap"><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><div align="center"> <div id='div-gpt-eg_sidebar1'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-eg_sidebar1'); }); </script> </div> </div></div></div></section> <section id="custom_html-20" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="widget_text widget-wrap"><h4 class="widget-title widgettitle">EE TECH TOOLBOX</h4> <div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><center> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; width: 300px;"> <div align="center"><a href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/tech-toolbox-test-measurement/" target="_blank"><img src="https://www.eeworldonline.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/EE-TechToolbox-T_and_M_Page_01-scaled.jpg" alt=“ee tech toolbox”></a></div> <div align="center" style="width: 300px; line-height: 20px; padding-top: 10px;"><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #0c506d; text-align: center; font-size: 20px;">Tech Toolbox: Test & Measurement</span></div> <div align="center" style="line-height: 16px; padding-top: 5px;"><span style="text-align: center; font-size: 16px;"> Everything needs testing and testing needs measurement. This Tech Toolbox covers measurement fundamentals, accuracy, precision, and resolution. A look at the Smith chart, a handy tool for RF engineers, is also reviewed. </span></div> <div align="center" style="padding-top: 10px;"><a href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/tech-toolbox-test-measurement/" target="_blank"><button style="background-color: #57bf9b; color: white; font-weight: bold; border: none; padding: 10px; font-size: 16px; cursor: pointer;">Download PDF</button></a></div> <div align="center" style="padding-top: 10px;"><a href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/category/tech-toolboxes/" target="_blank"><button style="background-color: #57bf9b; color: white; font-weight: bold; border: none; padding: 10px; font-size: 16px; cursor: pointer;">View All Tech Toolboxes</button></a></div> </div> </center> </div></div></section> <section id="custom_html-14" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="widget_text widget-wrap"><h4 class="widget-title widgettitle">EE Learning Center</h4> <div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><center><div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; width: 270px;"><a href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/learning-center" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/300x250-2-EE-LearnCtr.png" alt="EE Learning Center" style="max-width: 270px;" /></a> <div class="dropdown" style="text-align: center; margin-top: 10px;"> <button class="motion-design-guides">BROWSE CLASSROOMS</button> <div class="dropdown-content"> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/model-based-systems-engineering-classroom" target="_blank">Model-Based System Engineering</a> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/transformers-ii-classroom" target="_blank">Transformers II</a> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/automotive-connectivity-classroom" target="_blank">Automotive Connectivity</a> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/capacitators-classroom" target="_blank">Capacitors</a> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/programmable-power-classroom" target="_blank">Programmable Power</a> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/inductors" target="_blank">Inductors</a> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/classroom-fpga" target="_blank">FPGA</a> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/silicon-carbide-classroom" target="_blank">Silicon Carbide</a> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/adas-classroom" target="_blank">ADAS</a> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/classroom-high-voltage" target="_blank">High Voltage Power</a> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/emi-rfi-classroom" target="_blank">Electromagnetic & Radio Frequency Interference</a> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/testing-radio-frequency-classroom" target="_blank">Testing Basics Radio Frequency</a> </div> </div></div> </center> <center> <div class="dropdown" style="text-align: center; padding-top: 10px;"> <button class="motion-design-guides">Browse Design Guides</button> <div class="dropdown-content"> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://eeworldonline.tradepub.com/free/w_defa6026/?p=w_defa6026" target="_blank">USB-Based Oscilloscopes</a> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://eeworldonline.tradepub.com/free/w_defa3554/" target="_blank">Connectors</a> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://eeworldonline.tradepub.com/free/w_defa3475/" target="_blank">5G Connectivity</a> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://eeworldonline.tradepub.com/free/w_defa3454/" target="_blank">Capacitors</a> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://eeworldonline.tradepub.com/free/w_rene01/" target="_blank">Bluetooth & Connectivity</a> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://eeworldonline.tradepub.com/free/w_defa2728/" target="_blank">WiFi & the IOT</a> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://dw-resources.designworldonline.com/free/w_defa2978/" target="_blank">Linear Position Sensors</a> <a class="motion-design-guide-option" href="https://eeworldonline.tradepub.com/free/w_defa3337/" target="_blank">Relays</a> </div> </div> </center></div></div></section> <section id="custom_html-19" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="widget_text widget-wrap"><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><center> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; width: 300px;"> <div align="center"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/subscribe-engineers-garage-newsletter/" target="_blank"><img src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/EG-300x100-1.jpg" alt=“engineers garage newsletter”></a></div> <div align="center" style="width: 300px; line-height: 20px; padding-top: 10px;"><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #0c506d; text-align: center; font-size: 20px;">EXPAND YOUR KNOWLEDGE AND STAY CONNECTED</span></div> <div align="center" style="line-height: 16px; padding-top: 5px;"><span style="text-align: center; font-size: 16px;">Get the latest info on technologies, tools and strategies for EE professionals.</span></div> <div align="center" style="padding-top: 10px;"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/subscribe-engineers-garage-newsletter/" target="_blank"><button style="background-color: #57bf9b; color: white; font-weight: bold; border: none; padding: 10px; font-size: 16px; cursor: pointer;">GET THE ENEWSLETTER</button></a></div> </div> </center></div></div></section> <section id="custom_html-15" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="widget_text widget-wrap"><h4 class="widget-title widgettitle">HAVE A QUESTION?</h4> <div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><div id="digital" style="padding: 0 15px 10px 15px;"> <span style="font-size: 12px;font-weight:bold"> Have a technical question about an article or other engineering questions? Check out our engineering forums <a href="https://www.edaboard.com" target="_blank" style="color:red">EDABoard.com</a> and <a href="https://www.electro-tech-online.com" target="_blank" style="color:red">Electro-Tech-Online.com</a> where you can get those questions asked and answered by your peers! </span> <br /> <br /> <div align="Center"> <div style="float: center;"><a href="https://www.edaboard.com/?utm_source=EG&utm_medium=widget&utm_campaign=question&utm_term=HaveQuestion" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"><button class="greenbutton">EDA Board</button></a></div> <br /> <div style="float: center;"><a href="https://www.electro-tech-online.com/?utm_source=EG&utm_medium=widget&utm_campaign=question&utm_term=HaveQuestion" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"><button class="greenbutton">Electro-Tech-Online</button></a></div> </div> </div> </div></div></section> <section id="rss-2" class="widget widget_rss"><div class="widget-wrap"><h4 class="widget-title widgettitle"><a class="rsswidget rss-widget-feed" href="http://www.edaboard.com/external.php?type=RSS"><img class="rss-widget-icon" style="border:0" width="14" height="14" src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-includes/images/rss.png" alt="RSS" loading="lazy" /></a> <a class="rsswidget rss-widget-title" href="https://www.edaboard.com/">EDABOARD.com Discussions</a></h4> <ul><li><a class='rsswidget' href='https://www.edaboard.com/threads/no-name-chip-replacement-with-pic-in-a-chinese-toy.413110/'>No-Name chip replacement with PIC in a Chinese Toy</a></li><li><a class='rsswidget' href='https://www.edaboard.com/threads/precision-in-different-multimeter-readings.413099/'>Precision in different multimeter readings...</a></li><li><a class='rsswidget' href='https://www.edaboard.com/threads/inductance-of-wirewound-power-resistors.413111/'>Inductance of wirewound power resistors</a></li><li><a class='rsswidget' href='https://www.edaboard.com/threads/electronic-load-needed.413112/'>Electronic load needed</a></li><li><a class='rsswidget' href='https://www.edaboard.com/threads/transmit-the-pwm-signals-through-rfic.413100/'>Transmit the PWM signals through RFIC?</a></li></ul></div></section> <section id="rss-3" class="widget widget_rss"><div class="widget-wrap"><h4 class="widget-title widgettitle"><a class="rsswidget rss-widget-feed" href="https://www.electro-tech-online.com/forums/-/index.rss"><img class="rss-widget-icon" style="border:0" width="14" height="14" src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-includes/images/rss.png" alt="RSS" loading="lazy" /></a> <a class="rsswidget rss-widget-title" href="https://www.electro-tech-online.com/">Electro-Tech-Online.com Discussions</a></h4> <ul><li><a class='rsswidget' href='https://www.electro-tech-online.com/threads/battery-management-circuit.166933/'>Battery management circuit</a></li><li><a class='rsswidget' href='https://www.electro-tech-online.com/threads/electronic-damper-control.166937/'>Electronic Damper Control</a></li><li><a class='rsswidget' href='https://www.electro-tech-online.com/threads/display-tft-st7789-oshonsoft-basic.166219/'>Display TFT ST7789 (OshonSoft Basic).</a></li><li><a class='rsswidget' href='https://www.electro-tech-online.com/threads/cheap-pcbs-from-jlc-pcb-including-cheap-postage.166917/'>Cheap PCB's from JLC PCB, including cheap postage.</a></li><li><a class='rsswidget' href='https://www.electro-tech-online.com/threads/what-to-do-with-switches.166912/'>What to do with switches?</a></li></ul></div></section> <section id="category-posts-2" class="widget cat-post-widget"><div class="widget-wrap"><h4 class="widget-title widgettitle">Featured Series -Iot Tutorials (48 Part series)</h4> <ul id="category-posts-2-internal" class="category-posts-internal"> <li class='cat-post-item'><div><a class="cat-post-thumbnail cat-post-dark" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/secure-client-server-communication-over-tls-security-protocol-using-mosquitto-broker-iot-part-42/" title="Secure client server communication over TLS security protocol using Mosquitto Broker: IOT Part 42"><span class="cat-post-crop cat-post-format cat-post-format-standard"><img width="150" height="95" src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Image-Showing-Secure-Client-Server-Communication-Over-TLS-Protocol-Using-Mosquitto-Broker.jpg" class="attachment- size- wp-image-52222 wp-post-image" alt="" data-cat-posts-width="150" data-cat-posts-height="95" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Image-Showing-Secure-Client-Server-Communication-Over-TLS-Protocol-Using-Mosquitto-Broker.jpg 588w, https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Image-Showing-Secure-Client-Server-Communication-Over-TLS-Protocol-Using-Mosquitto-Broker-300x123.jpg 300w, https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Image-Showing-Secure-Client-Server-Communication-Over-TLS-Protocol-Using-Mosquitto-Broker-368x151.jpg 368w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px" /></span></a> <h6 class="widget-title"><a class="cat-post-title" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/secure-client-server-communication-over-tls-security-protocol-using-mosquitto-broker-iot-part-42/" rel="bookmark">Secure client server communication over TLS security protocol using Mosquitto Broker: IOT Part 42</a></h6></div></li><li class='cat-post-item'><div><a class="cat-post-thumbnail cat-post-dark" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/application-of-ftp-protocol-in-internet-of-things-iot-part-43/" title="Application of FTP Protocol in Internet of Things – IOT Part 43"><span class="cat-post-crop cat-post-format cat-post-format-standard"><img width="150" height="95" src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Representational-Image-FTP-Protocol.jpg" class="attachment- size- wp-image-52475 wp-post-image" alt="" data-cat-posts-width="150" data-cat-posts-height="95" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Representational-Image-FTP-Protocol.jpg 633w, https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Representational-Image-FTP-Protocol-300x201.jpg 300w, https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Representational-Image-FTP-Protocol-355x238.jpg 355w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px" /></span></a> <h6 class="widget-title"><a class="cat-post-title" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/application-of-ftp-protocol-in-internet-of-things-iot-part-43/" rel="bookmark">Application of FTP Protocol in Internet of Things – IOT Part 43</a></h6></div></li><li class='cat-post-item'><div><a class="cat-post-thumbnail cat-post-dark" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/automatic-software-update-by-iot-device-over-ftp-protocol-iot-part-44/" title="Automatic Software Update by IoT Device over FTP Protocol – IOT Part 44"><span class="cat-post-crop cat-post-format cat-post-format-standard"><img width="150" height="95" src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Block-Diagram-Raspberry-Pi-3-based-IoT-FTP-Client.jpg" class="attachment- size- wp-image-52286 wp-post-image" alt="" data-cat-posts-width="150" data-cat-posts-height="95" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Block-Diagram-Raspberry-Pi-3-based-IoT-FTP-Client.jpg 1200w, https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Block-Diagram-Raspberry-Pi-3-based-IoT-FTP-Client-300x180.jpg 300w, https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Block-Diagram-Raspberry-Pi-3-based-IoT-FTP-Client-768x460.jpg 768w, https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Block-Diagram-Raspberry-Pi-3-based-IoT-FTP-Client-1024x613.jpg 1024w, https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Block-Diagram-Raspberry-Pi-3-based-IoT-FTP-Client-368x220.jpg 368w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px" /></span></a> <h6 class="widget-title"><a class="cat-post-title" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/automatic-software-update-by-iot-device-over-ftp-protocol-iot-part-44/" rel="bookmark">Automatic Software Update by IoT Device over FTP Protocol – IOT Part 44</a></h6></div></li><li class='cat-post-item'><div><a class="cat-post-thumbnail cat-post-dark" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/ssh-file-transfer-protocol-iot-part-45/" title="SSH File Transfer Protocol – IOT Part 45"><span class="cat-post-crop cat-post-format cat-post-format-standard"><img width="150" height="95" src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Symbol-SSH-File-Transfer-Protocol-SFTP.jpg" class="attachment- size- wp-image-54321 wp-post-image" alt="" data-cat-posts-width="150" data-cat-posts-height="95" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Symbol-SSH-File-Transfer-Protocol-SFTP.jpg 465w, https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Symbol-SSH-File-Transfer-Protocol-SFTP-300x234.jpg 300w, https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Symbol-SSH-File-Transfer-Protocol-SFTP-306x238.jpg 306w, https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Symbol-SSH-File-Transfer-Protocol-SFTP-216x168.jpg 216w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px" /></span></a> <h6 class="widget-title"><a class="cat-post-title" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/ssh-file-transfer-protocol-iot-part-45/" rel="bookmark">SSH File Transfer Protocol – IOT Part 45</a></h6></div></li><li class='cat-post-item'><div><a class="cat-post-thumbnail cat-post-dark" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/raspberry-pi-server-based-hotel-restaurant-order-management-system-on-iot-iot-part-46/" title="Raspberry Pi Server based Hotel/Restaurant Order Management System on IoT – IOT Part 46"><span class="cat-post-crop cat-post-format cat-post-format-standard"><img width="150" height="95" src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/hotel-restaurant-order-project-featured.jpg" class="attachment- size- wp-image-63002 wp-post-image" alt="" data-cat-posts-width="150" data-cat-posts-height="95" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/hotel-restaurant-order-project-featured.jpg 770w, https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/hotel-restaurant-order-project-featured-300x195.jpg 300w, https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/hotel-restaurant-order-project-featured-768x499.jpg 768w, https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/hotel-restaurant-order-project-featured-368x238.jpg 368w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px" /></span></a> <h6 class="widget-title"><a class="cat-post-title" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/raspberry-pi-server-based-hotel-restaurant-order-management-system-on-iot-iot-part-46/" rel="bookmark">Raspberry Pi Server based Hotel/Restaurant Order Management System on IoT – IOT Part 46</a></h6></div></li><li class='cat-post-item'><div><a class="cat-post-thumbnail cat-post-dark" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/imap-protocol-iot-part-47-2/" title="IMAP Protocol- IOT Part 47"><span class="cat-post-crop cat-post-format cat-post-format-standard"><img width="150" height="95" src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Image-Showing-Protocol-Email-Retrieving-Algorithm.jpg" class="attachment- size- wp-image-52474 wp-post-image" alt="" data-cat-posts-width="150" data-cat-posts-height="95" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Image-Showing-Protocol-Email-Retrieving-Algorithm.jpg 473w, https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Image-Showing-Protocol-Email-Retrieving-Algorithm-184x300.jpg 184w, https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Image-Showing-Protocol-Email-Retrieving-Algorithm-146x238.jpg 146w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px" /></span></a> <h6 class="widget-title"><a class="cat-post-title" href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/imap-protocol-iot-part-47-2/" rel="bookmark">IMAP Protocol- IOT Part 47</a></h6></div></li></ul> </div></section> <section id="recent-posts-2" class="widget widget_recent_entries"><div class="widget-wrap"> <h4 class="widget-title widgettitle">Recent Articles</h4> <ul> <li> <a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/infineons-space-grade-512-mbit-flash-memory-supports-data-rates-up-to-133-mhz-for-fpga-boot/">Infineon’s space-grade 512 Mbit Flash memory supports data rates up to 133 MHz for FPGA Boot</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/same-sky-expands-usb-portfolio-with-5-9-mm-type-c-series/">Same Sky expands USB portfolio with 5.9 mm Type-C series</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/renesas-ddr5-chipset-reaches-12800-mt-s-transfer-speed/">Renesas DDR5 chipset reaches 12,800 MT/s transfer speed</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/stmicroelectronics-releases-automotive-qualified-comparators-in-sc70-5-package/">STMicroelectronics releases automotive-qualified comparators in SC70-5 package</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/melexis-launches-current-sensor-with-16-bit-over-current-detection-10-bit-temperature-monitoring/">Melexis launches current sensor with 16-bit over-current detection, 10-bit temperature monitoring</a> </li> </ul> </div></section> <section id="custom_html-3" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="widget_text widget-wrap"><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"> <div id='div-gpt-eg_sidebarbottom'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-eg_sidebarbottom'); }); </script> </div> </div></div></section> <section id="custom_html-18" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="widget_text widget-wrap"><h4 class="widget-title widgettitle">EE ENGINEERING TRAINING DAYS</h4> <div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><center><div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; width: 270px;"><a href="https://eetrainingdays.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="https://www.eeworldonline.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/300x250-side-bar-graphic.png" alt="engineering" /></a> </div> </center></div></div></section> <section id="custom_html-17" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="widget_text widget-wrap"><h4 class="widget-title widgettitle">Submit a Guest Post</h4> <div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><center> <a href="/join-us-as-a-guest-post-writer/"> <img src="/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/guest-post-banner.jpg" alt="submit a guest post"> </a> </center></div></div></section> </aside></div></div></div><div class="footer-socials"><div class="wrap"><label style="color:#ffffff">Connect with Engineers Garage</label> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/engineersgarage" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="icon-facebook"></i></a><a href="https://twitter.com/EngineersGarage" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="icon-twitter"></i></a><a href="https://www.youtube.com/@engineersgarage" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="icon-youtube"></i></a></div></div><footer class="site-footer"><div class="wrap"><div class="row"><div class="footer-logo"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com">Engineers Garage</a></div><div class="footer-menu"><div class="menu-footer-nav-container"><ul id="menu-footer-nav" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-55876" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="http://www.analogictips.com/">Analog IC TIps</a></li> <li id="menu-item-55877" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.connectortips.com/">Connector Tips</a></li> <li id="menu-item-80507" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.batterypowertips.com/">Battery Power Tips</a></li> <li id="menu-item-55872" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.DesignFast.com/">DesignFast</a></li> <li id="menu-item-55873" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="http://www.edaboard.com/">EDABoard Forums</a></li> <li id="menu-item-55881" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com">EE World Online</a></li> <li id="menu-item-55874" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="http://www.electro-tech-online.com/">Electro-Tech-Online Forums</a></li> <li id="menu-item-79699" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.evengineeringonline.com/">EV Engineering</a></li> <li id="menu-item-55875" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="http://www.microcontrollertips.com/">Microcontroller Tips</a></li> <li id="menu-item-55878" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="http://www.powerelectronictips.com/">Power Electronic Tips</a></li> <li id="menu-item-55879" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="http://www.sensortips.com/">Sensor Tips</a></li> <li id="menu-item-55880" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="http://www.testandmeasurementtips.com/">Test and Measurement Tips</a></li> <li id="menu-item-60429" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.5gtechnologyworld.com/">5G Technology World</a></li> <li id="menu-item-79962" class="menu-item current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/subscribe-engineers-garage-newsletter/" aria-current="page">Subscribe to our newsletter</a></li> <li id="menu-item-55885" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/about-us/">About Us</a></li> <li id="menu-item-55886" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/contact-us/">Contact Us</a></li> <li id="menu-item-55887" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://marketing.wtwhmedia.com/2024-ee-world-online-media-guide/">Advertise</a></li> </ul></div></div><div class="footer-copyright"><p>Copyright © 2024 WTWH Media LLC. All Rights Reserved. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of WTWH Media<br /> <a href="http://www.wtwhmedia.com/privacy-policy/" target="_blank">Privacy Policy</a> </p></div></div></div></footer></div><div class="site-search"><div class="wrap"><div class="search-inner"><h2>Search Engineers Garage</h2><form class="search-form" method="get" action="https://www.engineersgarage.com/" role="search"><input class="search-form-input" type="search" name="s" id="searchform-2" placeholder="Search this website"><input class="search-form-submit" type="submit" value="GO"><meta content="https://www.engineersgarage.com/?s={s}"></form></div></div></div>  </div> <script> var GAMaccountID = 5272491; var GAMnetworkName = 'ee_network'; var GAMadUnitName = 'eg_prestitial'; googletag.slots = googletag.slots || {}; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> function genesisBlocksShare( url, title, w, h ){ var left = ( window.innerWidth / 2 )-( w / 2 ); var top = ( window.innerHeight / 2 )-( h / 2 ); return window.open(url, title, 'toolbar=no, location=no, directories=no, status=no, menubar=no, scrollbars=no, resizable=no, copyhistory=no, width=600, height=600, top='+top+', left='+left); } </script>  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MMC9PJ9" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>   <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-NJMRR6Z" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>  <div id='div-gpt-eg_wallpaper'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-eg_wallpaper'); }); </script> </div> <div id='div-gpt-eg_allstreamflex'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-eg_allstreamflex'); }); </script> </div> <div id='div-gpt-eg_allstreamprelude'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-eg_allstreamprelude'); }); </script> </div> <div id="sidr-mobile-menu" class="sidr right"><a class="sidr-menu-close" href="#"><i class="icon-close"></i></a><div class="menu-main-nav-container"><ul id="menu-main-nav" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-61908" class="menu-item menu-item-has-children"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/projects-and-tutorials/">Electronics Projects and Tutorials</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-39808" class="menu-item menu-item-has-children"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/electronic-projects/">Electronic Projects</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-81272" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/arduino/">Arduino Projects</a></li> <li id="menu-item-81273" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/electronic-projects/avr/">AVR</a></li> <li id="menu-item-80793" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/raspberry-pi-electronic-projects/">Raspberry pi</a></li> <li id="menu-item-78430" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/electronic-projects/esp8266-electronic-projects/">ESP8266</a></li> <li id="menu-item-78434" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/electronic-projects/beaglebone-electronic-projects/">BeagleBone</a></li> <li id="menu-item-80794" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/electronic-projects/8051-microcontroller/">8051 Microcontroller</a></li> <li id="menu-item-55864" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/electronic-projects/arm-electronic-projects-electronic-projects/">ARM</a></li> <li id="menu-item-80795" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/electronic-projects/pic-microcontroller-electronic-projects/">PIC Microcontroller</a></li> <li id="menu-item-60239" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/electronic-projects/stm32-electronic-projects-electronic-projects/">STM32</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-7268" class="menu-item menu-item-has-children"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/">Tutorials</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-78818" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/audio-tutorials/">Audio Electronics</a></li> <li id="menu-item-78819" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/battery-management-systems/">Battery Management</a></li> <li id="menu-item-78820" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/brainwave/">Brainwave</a></li> <li id="menu-item-78833" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/evs/">Electric Vehicles</a></li> <li id="menu-item-78822" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/emc-emi/">EMI/EMC/RFI</a></li> <li id="menu-item-78823" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/filters/">Hardware Filters</a></li> <li id="menu-item-78826" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/iot-tutorials/">IoT tutorials</a></li> <li id="menu-item-80151" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/power/">Power Tutorials</a></li> <li id="menu-item-78835" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/python/">Python</a></li> <li id="menu-item-78829" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/sensors-tutorials/">Sensors</a></li> <li id="menu-item-78830" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/usb/">USB</a></li> <li id="menu-item-78832" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tutorials/vhdl-tutorials/">VHDL</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-56096" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/circuit_design/">Circuit Design</a></li> <li id="menu-item-62725" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/engineersgarage">Project Videos</a></li> <li id="menu-item-7269" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/components/">Components</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-39810" class="menu-item menu-item-has-children"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/article_page/">Articles</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-63122" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/tech-articles/">Tech Articles</a></li> <li id="menu-item-13371" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/insight/">Insight</a></li> <li id="menu-item-13399" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/invention-stories/">Invention Stories</a></li> <li id="menu-item-13326" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/how_to/">How to</a></li> <li id="menu-item-59366" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/what_is/">What Is</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-1863" class="menu-item menu-item-has-children"><a href="#">News</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-39809" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/news/">Electronic Product News</a></li> <li id="menu-item-77696" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/news/business-news/">Business News</a></li> <li id="menu-item-77697" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/news/company-start-up-news/">Company/Start-up News</a></li> <li id="menu-item-14489" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/reviews/">DIY Reviews</a></li> <li id="menu-item-14287" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/guest_post/">Guest Post</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-55871" class="menu-item menu-item-has-children"><a>Forums</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-55870" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.edaboard.com/">EDABoard.com</a></li> <li id="menu-item-55869" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.electro-tech-online.com/">Electro-Tech-Online</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1851" class="menu-item"><a href="https://forums.engineersgarage.com/">EG Forum Archive</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-1868" class="menu-item menu-item-has-children"><a target="_blank" href="https://wtwh.me/9mk">DigiKey Store</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-1869" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://wtwh.me/9ml">Cables, Wires</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1870" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://wtwh.me/9mm">Connectors, Interconnect</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1871" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://wtwh.me/9mn">Discrete</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1872" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://wtwh.me/9mo">Electromechanical</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1873" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://wtwh.me/9mp">Embedded Computers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1874" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://wtwh.me/9mq">Enclosures, Hardware, Office</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1875" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://wtwh.me/9mr">Integrated Circuits (ICs)</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1876" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://wtwh.me/9ms">Isolators</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1877" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://wtwh.me/9mt">LED/Optoelectronics</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1878" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://wtwh.me/9mu">Passive</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1879" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://wtwh.me/9mv">Power, Circuit Protection</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1880" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://wtwh.me/9mw">Programmers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1881" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://wtwh.me/9mx">RF, Wireless</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1882" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://wtwh.me/9mk">Semiconductors</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1883" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://wtwh.me/9my">Sensors, Transducers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1884" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://wtwh.me/9mz">Test Products</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1885" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://wtwh.me/9mA">Tools</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-56062" class="menu-item menu-item-has-children"><a href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/learning-center">Learn</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-80114" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/category/tech-tips/">eBooks/Tech Tips</a></li> <li id="menu-item-76567" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/design-guide-library">Design Guides</a></li> <li id="menu-item-77221" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/learning-center">Learning Center</a></li> <li id="menu-item-81739" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/category/tech-toolboxes/">Tech Toolboxes</a></li> <li id="menu-item-80113" class="menu-item"><a href="https://gateway.on24.com/wcc/experience/elitewtwhmedia/2927718/4415581/eeworld">Webinars & Digital Events</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-55895" class="menu-item menu-item-has-children"><a>Resources</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-77693" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/category/digital-issues/">Digital Issues</a></li> <li id="menu-item-77694" class="menu-item"><a href="https://eetrainingdays.com/">EE Training Days</a></li> <li id="menu-item-55899" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/2023-leap-awards-winners-are-announced/">LEAP Awards</a></li> <li id="menu-item-77695" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/category/podcasts/">Podcasts</a></li> <li id="menu-item-77375" class="menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.eeworldonline.com/ee-world-webinars-and-digital-events/">Webinars / Digital Events</a></li> <li id="menu-item-55898" class="menu-item"><a href="http://www.engineeringwhitepapers.com/category/electricalelectronic/">White Papers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-62203" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.designworldonline.com/category/news/engineering-diversity/">Engineering Diversity & Inclusion</a></li> <li id="menu-item-55896" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.DesignFast.com">DesignFast</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-80115" class="menu-item current-menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/subscribe-engineers-garage-newsletter/" aria-current="page">Subscribe</a></li> <li id="menu-item-80423" class="menu-item"><a href="https://www.engineersgarage.com/join-us-as-a-guest-post-writer/">Guest Post Guidelines</a></li> </ul></div></div></div><style type="text/css" media="screen"></style><script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/prestitial/assets/js/adlogic.js?ver=1.1.0" id="wtwh_prestitial_core_js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/genesis-blocks/dist/assets/js/dismiss.js?ver=1720775797" id="genesis-blocks-dismiss-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/themes/ThemeWTWHv2/assets/js/global-min.js?ver=1629218360" id="ea-global-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/core.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-ui-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/tabs.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-ui-tabs-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-includes/js/dist/dom-ready.min.js?ver=f77871ff7694fffea381" id="wp-dom-ready-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?ver=4d63a3d491d11ffd8ac6" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js?ver=5e580eb46a90c2b997e6" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-i18n-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-includes/js/dist/a11y.min.js?ver=3156534cc54473497e14" id="wp-a11y-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/js/dist/vendor-theme.min.js?ver=54e7080aa7a02c83aa61fae430b9d869" id="gform_gravityforms_theme_vendors-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="gform_gravityforms_theme-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var gform_theme_config = {"common":{"form":{"honeypot":{"version_hash":"9375f3507eb96cbb8aef9c5ebe9f1edf"}}},"hmr_dev":"","public_path":"https:\/\/www.engineersgarage.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/assets\/js\/dist\/"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/js/dist/scripts-theme.min.js?ver=bab19fd84843dabc070e73326d787910" id="gform_gravityforms_theme-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-includes/js/hoverIntent.min.js?ver=1.10.2" id="hoverIntent-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/megamenu/js/maxmegamenu.js?ver=3.4" id="megamenu-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" async data-no-optimize="1" src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/perfmatters/vendor/instant-page/pminstantpage.min.js?ver=2.3.4" id="perfmatters-instant-page-js"></script> <script defer type="text/javascript" src="https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/plugins/akismet/_inc/akismet-frontend.js?ver=1732021264" id="akismet-frontend-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript">jQuery(document).ready(function($) { $(".ui-tabs").tabs(); });</script> <script>"undefined"!=typeof jQuery&&jQuery(document).ready(function(){"objectFit"in document.documentElement.style==!1&&(jQuery(".cat-post-item figure").removeClass("cat-post-crop"),jQuery(".cat-post-item figure").addClass("cat-post-crop-not-supported")),(document.documentMode||/Edge/.test(navigator.userAgent))&&(jQuery(".cat-post-item figure img").height("+=1"),window.setTimeout(function(){jQuery(".cat-post-item figure img").height("-=1")},0))});</script> <script type="text/javascript"> if (typeof jQuery !== 'undefined') { var cat_posts_namespace = window.cat_posts_namespace || {}; cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text = cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text || {}; cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size = cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size || {}; cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text = { preWrap : function (widget) { jQuery(widget).find('.cat-post-item').each(function(){ var _that = jQuery(this); _that.find('p.cpwp-excerpt-text').addClass('cpwp-wrap-text'); _that.find('p.cpwp-excerpt-text').closest('div').wrap('<div class="cpwp-wrap-text-stage"></div>'); }); return; }, add : function(_this){ var _that = jQuery(_this); if (_that.find('p.cpwp-excerpt-text').height() < _that.find('.cat-post-thumbnail').height()) { _that.find('p.cpwp-excerpt-text').closest('.cpwp-wrap-text-stage').removeClass( "cpwp-wrap-text" ); _that.find('p.cpwp-excerpt-text').addClass( "cpwp-wrap-text" ); }else{ _that.find('p.cpwp-excerpt-text').removeClass( "cpwp-wrap-text" ); _that.find('p.cpwp-excerpt-text').closest('.cpwp-wrap-text-stage').addClass( "cpwp-wrap-text" ); } return; }, handleLazyLoading : function(_this) { var width = jQuery(_this).find('img').width(); if( 0 !== width ){ cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text.add(_this); } else { jQuery(_this).find('img').one("load", function(){ cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text.add(_this); }); } return; }, setClass : function (widget) { // var _widget = jQuery(widget); jQuery(widget).find('.cat-post-item').each(function(){ cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text.handleLazyLoading(this); }); return; } } cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size = { replace : function(_this){ var _that = jQuery(_this), resp_w = _that.width(), resp_h = _that.height(), orig_w = _that.data('cat-posts-width'), orig_h = _that.data('cat-posts-height'); if( resp_w < orig_w ){ _that.height( resp_w * orig_h / orig_w ); } else { _that.height( '' ); } return; }, handleLazyLoading : function(_this) { var width = jQuery(_this).width(); if( 0 !== width ){ cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size.replace(_this); } else { jQuery(_this).one("load", function(){ cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size.replace(_this); }); } return; }, setHeight : function (widget) { jQuery(widget).find('.cat-post-item img').each(function(){ cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size.handleLazyLoading(this); }); return; } } let widget = jQuery('#category-posts-2-internal'); jQuery( document ).ready(function () { cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text.setClass(widget); cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size.setHeight(widget); }); jQuery(window).on('load resize', function() { cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text.setClass(widget); cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size.setHeight(widget); }); // low-end mobile cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text.preWrap(widget); cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text.setClass(widget); cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size.setHeight(widget); } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() { jQuery(document).on('gform_post_render', function(event, formId, currentPage){if(formId == 1) {} } );jQuery(document).on('gform_post_conditional_logic', function(event, formId, fields, isInit){} ) } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() {jQuery(document).trigger("gform_pre_post_render", [{ formId: "1", currentPage: "1", abort: function() { this.preventDefault(); } }]); if (event && event.defaultPrevented) { return; } const gformWrapperDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_wrapper_1" ); if ( gformWrapperDiv ) { const visibilitySpan = document.createElement( "span" ); visibilitySpan.id = "gform_visibility_test_1"; gformWrapperDiv.insertAdjacentElement( "afterend", visibilitySpan ); } const visibilityTestDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_visibility_test_1" ); let postRenderFired = false; function triggerPostRender() { if ( postRenderFired ) { return; } postRenderFired = true; jQuery( document ).trigger( 'gform_post_render', [1, 1] ); gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform/postRender', native: false, data: { formId: 1, currentPage: 1 } } ); if ( visibilityTestDiv ) { visibilityTestDiv.parentNode.removeChild( visibilityTestDiv ); } } function debounce( func, wait, immediate ) { var timeout; return function() { var context = this, args = arguments; var later = function() { timeout = null; if ( !immediate ) func.apply( context, args ); }; var callNow = immediate && !timeout; clearTimeout( timeout ); timeout = setTimeout( later, wait ); if ( callNow ) func.apply( context, args ); }; } const debouncedTriggerPostRender = debounce( function() { triggerPostRender(); }, 200 ); if ( visibilityTestDiv && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent === null ) { const observer = new MutationObserver( ( mutations ) => { mutations.forEach( ( mutation ) => { if ( mutation.type === 'attributes' && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent !== null ) { debouncedTriggerPostRender(); observer.disconnect(); } }); }); observer.observe( document.body, { attributes: true, childList: false, subtree: true, attributeFilter: [ 'style', 'class' ], }); } else { triggerPostRender(); } } ); /* ]]> */ </script> </body></html>