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class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%DB%81%D8%AA%DA%BE%D9%88%D9%86%DA%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:MyTalk" title="ایس آئی پی پتے دیاں تبدیلیاں تے گل بات [n]" accesskey="n"><span>گل بات</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">لُکاؤ</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Beginning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-درجہ_بندی" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#درجہ_بندی"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۱</span> <span>درجہ بندی</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-درجہ_بندی-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-خصوصیت" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#خصوصیت"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۲</span> <span>خصوصیت</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-خصوصیت-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-تریخ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#تریخ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۳</span> <span>تریخ</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-تریخ-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle تریخ subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-تریخ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-مڈھلیاں_لکھتاں" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#مڈھلیاں_لکھتاں"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۳.۱</span> <span>مڈھلیاں لکھتاں</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-مڈھلیاں_لکھتاں-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ہور_دیکھو" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ہور_دیکھو"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۴</span> <span>ہور دیکھو</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ہور_دیکھو-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-حوالے" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#حوالے"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۵</span> <span>حوالے</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-حوالے-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-باہرلے_جوڑ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#باہرلے_جوڑ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۶</span> <span>باہرلے جوڑ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-باہرلے_جوڑ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ترک بولیاں</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in ۱۱۹ languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-119" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">۱۱۹ بولیاں</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA_%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%88%D3%99%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Атиурк бызшәақәа – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Атиурк бызшәақәа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkiese_tale" title="Turkiese tale – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Turkiese tale" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A8%E1%89%B1%E1%88%AD%E1%8A%AA%E1%8A%AD_%E1%89%8B%E1%8A%95%E1%89%8B%E1%8B%8E%E1%89%BD_%E1%89%A4%E1%89%B0%E1%88%A0%E1%89%A5" title="የቱርኪክ ቋንቋዎች ቤተሠብ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="የቱርኪክ ቋንቋዎች ቤተሠብ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luengas_turquicas" title="Luengas turquicas – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Luengas turquicas" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="لغات أتراكية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لغات أتراكية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lling%C3%BCes_t%C3%BArquiques" title="Llingües túrquiques – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Llingües túrquiques" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Туркиял мацӀал – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Туркиял мацӀал" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrk_dill%C9%99ri" title="Türk dilləri – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Türk dilləri" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="تورک دیللری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="تورک دیللری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B4%D3%99%D1%80" title="Төрки телдәр – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Төрки телдәр" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiorku_kalbas" title="Tiorku kalbas – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Tiorku kalbas" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Цюркскія мовы – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Цюркскія мовы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8E%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Цюрскія мовы – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Цюрскія мовы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Тюркски езици – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тюркски езици" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B9" title="তুর্কীয় ভাষাসমূহ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তুর্কীয় ভাষাসমূহ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yezho%C3%B9_turkek" title="Yezhoù turkek – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Yezhoù turkek" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkijski_jezici" title="Turkijski jezici – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Turkijski jezici" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_t%C3%BArquiques" title="Llengües túrquiques – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llengües túrquiques" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Туьркийн меттанаш – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Туьркийн меттанаш" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%95_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="زمانە تورکییەکان – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زمانە تورکییەکان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrkiy_tiller" title="Türkiy tiller – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Türkiy tiller" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkick%C3%A9_jazyky" title="Turkické jazyky – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Turkické jazyky" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%C4%95%D1%80%C4%95%D0%BA_%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Тĕрĕк чĕлхисем – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Тĕрĕк чĕлхисем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ieithoedd_Tyrcaidd" title="Ieithoedd Tyrcaidd – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ieithoedd Tyrcaidd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrkiske_sprog" title="Tyrkiske sprog – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tyrkiske sprog" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turksprachen" title="Turksprachen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Turksprachen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C4%B1wan%C3%AA_T%C4%B1rki" title="Zıwanê Tırki – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Zıwanê Tırki" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkojske_r%C4%9Bcy" title="Turkojske rěcy – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Turkojske rěcy" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B5%CF%82" title="Τουρκικές γλώσσες – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τουρκικές γλώσσες" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkic_languages" title="Turkic languages – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Turkic languages" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tjurka_lingvaro" title="Tjurka lingvaro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tjurka lingvaro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguas_t%C3%BArquicas" title="Lenguas túrquicas – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lenguas túrquicas" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turgi_keeled" title="Turgi keeled – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Turgi keeled" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkiar_hizkuntzak" title="Turkiar hizkuntzak – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Turkiar hizkuntzak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="زبان‌های ترکی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان‌های ترکی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkkilaiset_kielet" title="Turkkilaiset kielet – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Turkkilaiset kielet" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langues_turciques" title="Langues turciques – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Langues turciques" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkspriaken" title="Turkspriaken – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Turkspriaken" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkske_talen" title="Turkske talen – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Turkske talen" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teangacha_Tuircice" title="Teangacha Tuircice – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Teangacha Tuircice" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrk_dilleri" title="Türk dilleri – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Türk dilleri" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguas_turcas" title="Linguas turcas – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Linguas turcas" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turk_Ng%C3%AE-chhu%CC%8Dk" title="Turk Ngî-chhu̍k – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Turk Ngî-chhu̍k" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA" title="שפות טורקיות – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שפות טורקיות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="तुर्की भाषा परिवार – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="तुर्की भाषा परिवार" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkic_bhasa" title="Turkic bhasa – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Turkic bhasa" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkijski_jezici" title="Turkijski jezici – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Turkijski jezici" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkske_r%C4%9B%C4%8De" title="Turkske rěče – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Turkske rěče" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B6r%C3%B6k_nyelvek" title="Török nyelvek – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Török nyelvek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D6%84%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%A6%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4%D5%A2" title="Թյուրքական լեզվախումբ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թյուրքական լեզվախումբ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Turkik" title="Rumpun bahasa Turkik – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rumpun bahasa Turkik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Тюркий метташ – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Тюркий метташ" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turka_lingui" title="Turka lingui – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Turka lingui" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrk%C3%ADsk_m%C3%A1l" title="Tyrkísk mál – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Tyrkísk mál" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingue_turche" title="Lingue turche – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingue turche" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%83%A5%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AF%E8%AA%9E%E6%97%8F" title="チュルク語族 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="チュルク語族" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulawarga_basa_Turk" title="Kulawarga basa Turk – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kulawarga basa Turk" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%97%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="თურქული ენები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="თურქული ენები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutlayin_titurkiyin" title="Tutlayin titurkiyin – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tutlayin titurkiyin" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumpun_Bahasa_Turkik" title="Rumpun Bahasa Turkik – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Rumpun Bahasa Turkik" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96" title="Түркі тілдері – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Түркі тілдері" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8A%80%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC%EC%96%B4%EC%A1%B1" title="튀르크어족 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="튀르크어족" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziman%C3%AAn_tirk%C3%AE" title="Zimanên tirkî – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zimanên tirkî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%BA_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Түрк тилдери – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Түрк тилдери" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguae_Turcicae" title="Linguae Turcicae – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Linguae Turcicae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%BA_%D1%87%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Туьрк чӀалар – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Туьрк чӀалар" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguas_turcica" title="Linguas turcica – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Linguas turcica" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiurk%C5%B3_kalbos" title="Tiurkų kalbos – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tiurkų kalbos" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tjurku_valodas" title="Tjurku valodas – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Tjurku valodas" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fianakaviam-piteny_torkika" title="Fianakaviam-piteny torkika – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fianakaviam-piteny torkika" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BA_%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B5-%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Тюрк йылме-влак – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Тюрк йылме-влак" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Туркиски јазици – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Туркиски јазици" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE" title="തുർക്കിക് ഭാഷകൾ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="തുർക്കിക് ഭാഷകൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D1%80" title="Түрэг хэлний язгуур – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Түрэг хэлний язгуур" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B9" title="तुर्की भाषासमूह – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="तुर्की भाषासमूह" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa-bahasa_Turki" title="Bahasa-bahasa Turki – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa-bahasa Turki" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="ترکی – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ترکی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkse_talen" title="Turkse talen – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Turkse talen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrkiske_spr%C3%A5k" title="Tyrkiske språk – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tyrkiske språk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrkiske_spr%C3%A5k" title="Tyrkiske språk – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tyrkiske språk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengas_turquesas" title="Lengas turquesas – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Lengas turquesas" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3_%C3%A6%D0%B2%D0%B7%C3%A6%D0%B3%D1%82%C3%A6" title="Тюркаг æвзæгтæ – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Тюркаг æвзæгтæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0" title="ਤੁਰਕੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਪਰਿਵਾਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਤੁਰਕੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਪਰਿਵਾਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_turkijskie" title="Języki turkijskie – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Języki turkijskie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADnguas_turcomanas" title="Línguas turcomanas – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Línguas turcomanas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turku_rimaykuna" title="Turku rimaykuna – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Turku rimaykuna" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limbi_turcice" title="Limbi turcice – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limbi turcice" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Тюркские языки – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тюркские языки" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80_%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Түүр тыллара – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Түүр тыллара" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A0_%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9A" title="ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ACnguas_turcas" title="Lìnguas turcas – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Lìnguas turcas" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkic_leids" title="Turkic leids – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Turkic leids" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkijski_jezici" title="Turkijski jezici – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Turkijski jezici" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkic_languages" title="Turkic languages – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Turkic languages" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkick%C3%A9_jazyky" title="Turkické jazyky – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Turkické jazyky" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tur%C5%A1ki_jeziki" title="Turški jeziki – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Turški jeziki" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitauro_ye_chiTuruki" title="Mitauro ye chiTuruki – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Mitauro ye chiTuruki" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuh%C3%ABt_turkike" title="Gjuhët turkike – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuhët turkike" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Туркијски језици – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Туркијски језици" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turksproaken" title="Turksproaken – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Turksproaken" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkspr%C3%A5k" title="Turkspråk – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Turkspråk" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lugha_za_Kiturki" title="Lugha za Kiturki – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Lugha za Kiturki" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turecke_godki" title="Turecke godki – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Turecke godki" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="துருக்கிய மொழிகள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="துருக்கிய மொழிகள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D3%A3" title="Забонҳои туркӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Забонҳои туркӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="กลุ่มภาษาเตอร์กิก – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กลุ่มภาษาเตอร์กิก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrk_dilleri" title="Türk dilleri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Türk dilleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80" title="Төрки телләр – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Төрки телләр" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%BA_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Түрк дылдар – Tuvinian" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Түрк дылдар" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BA_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%91%D1%81" title="Тюрк кылъёс – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Тюрк кылъёс" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%88%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%89%D9%8A_%D8%AA%D9%89%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="تۈركىي تىللار – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="تۈركىي تىللار" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Тюркські мови – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тюркські мови" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%BA" title="ترک زبانیں – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ترک زبانیں" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkiy_tillar" title="Turkiy tillar – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Turkiy tillar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%E1%BB%AF_h%E1%BB%87_Turk" title="Ngữ hệ Turk – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ngữ hệ Turk" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turksche_toaln" title="Turksche toaln – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Turksche toaln" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E8%AF%AD%E6%97%8F" title="突厥语族 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="突厥语族" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E8%AF%AD%E7%B3%BB" title="突厥语系 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="突厥语系" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E8%AA%9E%E7%B3%BB" title="突厥語系 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="突厥語系" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q34090#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="بولیاں دے آپسی جوڑ لکھو" class="wbc-editpage">جوڑ سودھو</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="ناں تھاواں"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA" title="مواد آلا صفحہ ویکھو [c]" accesskey="c"><span>صفحہ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%AF%D9%84_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA:%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="اس صفحے بارے گل بات (صفحہ مَوجود نہیں اے) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>گل بات</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">پنجابی</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="نظارے"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA"><span>پڑھو</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>سودھو</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA&action=history" title="اس صفحے دا پرانا ورژن۔ [h]" accesskey="h"><span>تریخ 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vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">سند</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">لُکاؤ</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA"><span>پڑھو</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>سودھو</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA&action=history"><span>تریخ دیکھو</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> عام </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:WhatLinksHere/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA" title="اس نال جڑے سارے وکی صفحے۔ [j]" accesskey="j"><span>ایتھے کیہہ جڑدا</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:RecentChangesLinked/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA" rel="nofollow" title="اس صفحے نال جڑے صفحیاں وچ نویاں تبدیلیاں [k]" accesskey="k"><span>رلدیاں ملدیاں تبدیلیاں</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=pnb" title="فائل چڑھاؤ [u]" accesskey="u"><span>فائل چڑھاؤ</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:SpecialPages" title="سارے خاص صفحیاں دی اک لسٹ [q]" accesskey="q"><span>خاص صفحے</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA&oldid=662437" title="اس صفحے دے اس ورژن نال پکا جوڑ"><span>پکا جوڑ</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>صفحے بارے جاݨکاری</span></a></li><li id="n-اج-دے-رُجحان" class="mw-list-item"><a href="http://tools.wmflabs.org/wikitrends/punjabi-most-visited-today.html"><span>اج دے رُجحان</span></a></li><li id="n-ہفتے-دے-رُجحان" class="mw-list-item"><a href="http://tools.wmflabs.org/wikitrends/punjabi-most-visited-this-week.html"><span>ہفتے دے رُجحان</span></a></li><li id="n-مہینے-دے-رُجحان" class="mw-list-item"><a href="http://tools.wmflabs.org/wikitrends/punjabi-most-visited-this-month.html"><span>مہینے دے رُجحان</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:CiteThisPage&page=%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA&id=662437&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="اس صفحے دے حوالہ دے طریقہ دے بارے وچ معلومات"><span>ایس صفحے دا حوالہ دیو</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpnb.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D8%25AA%25D8%25B1%25DA%25A9_%25D8%25A8%25D9%2588%25D9%2584%25DB%258C%25D8%25A7%25DA%25BA"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpnb.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D8%25AA%25D8%25B1%25DA%25A9_%25D8%25A8%25D9%2588%25D9%2584%25DB%258C%25D8%25A7%25DA%25BA"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> چھاپو یا باہر لو </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9+%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA"><span>کتاب بناؤ</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF وجوں ڈاؤن لوڈ کرو</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA&printable=yes" title="اس صفحے دا چھپن والا ورژن ویکھو [p]" accesskey="p"><span>چھاپݨ والا صفحہ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ہور منصوبےآں وچ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Turkic_languages" hreflang="en"><span>ویکیمیڈیا کامنز</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q34090" title="ریپوزیٹری آئیٹم نال جوڑ [g]" accesskey="g"><span>وِکیڈیٹا تے مد</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">لُکاؤ</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">آزاد انسائیکلوپیڈیا، وکیپیڈیا توں</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-rtl mw-parser-output" lang="pnb" dir="rtl"><div lang="ur" class="UrduText"><table class="infobox" style="width:22em;width:22em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background-color: yellowgreen;">ترک<br />Turkic</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">جغرافیائی<br />تقسیم:</th><td>تھللے چڑھدے <a href="/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%BE" title="یورپ">یورپ</a> توں لہندے چین تے <a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="سائبیریا">سائبیریا</a> تک</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" class="mw-redirect" title="لسانی خاندان">لسانی درجہ بندی</a>:</th><td>دنیا دے مُڈھلے <a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%B9%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="بولی ٹبر">بولی ٹبر</a> وچوں اک</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">سابقہ اصل-زبان:</th><td>پروٹو ترک</td></tr><tr class="plainlist"><th scope="row">ذیلی تقسیمات:</th><td> <ul><li>عام ترک</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="ایغور بولی">ایغور بولی</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%88_639-5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="آیزو 639-5 (صفحہ مَوجود نہیں اے)">آیزو 639-5</a>:</th><td><samp><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A2%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%88_639-3:trk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="آئیسو 639-3:trk (صفحہ مَوجود نہیں اے)">trk</a></samp></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">گلوٹولاگ:</th><td><samp><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/turk1311">turk1311</a></samp><sup id="cite_ref-Glottolog_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glottolog-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84:Carte_peuples_turcs.png" class="mw-file-description" title="{{{mapalt}}}"><img alt="{{{mapalt}}}" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Carte_peuples_turcs.png/300px-Carte_peuples_turcs.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Carte_peuples_turcs.png/450px-Carte_peuples_turcs.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Carte_peuples_turcs.png/600px-Carte_peuples_turcs.png 2x" data-file-width="1690" data-file-height="1036" /></a></span><div style="text-align:right;">ترک زباناں دا جغرافیائی پھیلاؤ <div class="legend"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #FF0000; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;"> </span> جنوب مغربی (اوغوز)</div> <div class="legend"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #32CD32; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;"> </span> جنوب مشرقی (اوئغور)</div> <div class="legend"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #FFD700; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;"> </span> خلج (ارغو)</div> <div class="legend"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #FF4500; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;"> </span> شمال مغربی (کپچاک)</div> <div class="legend"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #C71585; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;"> </span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%86%D9%88%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B4_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="چوواش زبان (صفحہ مَوجود نہیں اے)">چوواش</a> (اوغور)</div> <div class="legend"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #0000FF; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;"> </span> شمال مشرقی (سائبیریائی)</div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>ترک بولیاں</b> (Turkic languages) <a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="ترک">ترک قوم</a> دیاں بولیاں جاݨ آلیاں گھٹو گھٹ ۳۵ <a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="بولی">بولیاں</a> دا <a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%B9%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="بولی ٹبر">بولی ٹبر</a> اے۔ <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ایہ تھللے چڑھدے <a href="/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%BE" title="یورپ">یورپ</a>، <a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%81_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85" class="mw-redirect" title="بحیرہ روم">بحیرہ روم</a>، <a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="سائبیریا">سائبیریا</a> تے <a href="/wiki/%DA%86%DA%91%DA%BE%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="چڑھدا ترکستان">چڑھدے ترکستان</a> تک بولیاں جاندیاں نیں۔ ایہنوں <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="الطائی بولیاں">الطائی بولیاں ٹبر</a> دا حصہ بݨاوݨ دی تجویز اے۔ <sup id="cite_ref-Ethnologue_Altaic_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ethnologue_Altaic-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LanguagesOfTheWorld_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LanguagesOfTheWorld-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> </p><p>ترکی بولیاں ۱۷ کروڑ لوکاں دی <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%BA_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="ماں بولی">ماں بولی</a> اے تے ایہدے کل بلارے ۲۰ کروڑ توں ودھ نیں۔<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۵<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۶<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۷<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ایس بولی ٹبر وچوں سبھ توں زیادہ بولی جاݨ آلی بولی <a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="ترک بولی">ترک بولی</a> اے جیہڑی خاص کر <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="اناطولیا">اناطولیا</a> تے <a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86" title="بلقان">بلقان</a> دے علاقے وچ بولی جاندی اے۔ ساریاں ترکی بولیاں وچوں %۴۰ بلاویاں دی ماں بولی <a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="ترک بولی">ترک بولی</a> اے۔<sup id="cite_ref-LanguagesOfTheWorld_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LanguagesOfTheWorld-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="درجہ_بندی"><span id=".D8.AF.D8.B1.D8.AC.DB.81_.D8.A8.D9.86.D8.AF.DB.8C"></span>درجہ بندی</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA&action=edit&section=1" title="حصہ لکھو: درجہ بندی"><span>سودھو</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84:TurkicLanguages.png" class="mw-file-description" title="ترکی نژاد زباناں بولنے والےآں د‏‏ی تناسبی تعداد"><img alt="ترکی نژاد زباناں بولنے والےآں د‏‏ی تناسبی تعداد" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/TurkicLanguages.png/350px-TurkicLanguages.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="263" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/TurkicLanguages.png/525px-TurkicLanguages.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/TurkicLanguages.png/700px-TurkicLanguages.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84:Carte_peuples_turcs.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Carte_peuples_turcs.png/300px-Carte_peuples_turcs.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Carte_peuples_turcs.png/450px-Carte_peuples_turcs.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Carte_peuples_turcs.png/600px-Carte_peuples_turcs.png 2x" data-file-width="1690" data-file-height="1036" /></a><figcaption>ترک زباناں دا جغرافیائی پھیلاؤ دا نقشہ</figcaption></figure> <p>ترک زباناں نو‏‏ں چھ شاخاں وچ تقسیم ک‏ر سکدے نيں۔<sup id="cite_ref-historyofturkic_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-historyofturkic-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۸<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>عام ترک <ol><li>جنوب مغربی (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%B2_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="اوغوز زباناں (صفحہ مَوجود نہیں اے)">اوغوز ترک</a>)</li> <li>شمال مغربی (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%82%D9%BE%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="قپچاق زباناں (صفحہ مَوجود نہیں اے)">قپچاق ترک</a>)</li> <li>جنوب مشرقی (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%88%D9%82_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="قارلوق زباناں (صفحہ مَوجود نہیں اے)">قارلوق ترک</a>)</li> <li>شمال مشرقی (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="سائبیریائی ترک زباناں (صفحہ مَوجود نہیں اے)">سائبیریائی ترک</a>)</li> <li>ارغو ترک</li></ol> <ul><li><ol><li>اوغور ترک</li></ol></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="خصوصیت"><span id=".D8.AE.D8.B5.D9.88.D8.B5.DB.8C.D8.AA"></span>خصوصیت</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA&action=edit&section=2" title="حصہ لکھو: خصوصیت"><span>سودھو</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ترکی بولیاں غیرحاضر فائل بولیاں نیں جیہدا مطلب اے کہ ایہناں بولیاں وچ ستہی پدھر تے فائل غیر حاضر ہندا اے پر گہن بنتر دے مطابق تے قعل وچ آئی تبدیلی توں فا‏ل دا گیان ہو جاندا اے۔ ایہناں بولیاں وچ ویاکرنک لنگ دی ان ہوند اے۔ ایس ٹبر دیاں ساریاں بولیاں دی بنتر فائل فعل مفعول آلی اے۔ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="تریخ"><span id=".D8.AA.D8.B1.DB.8C.D8.AE"></span>تریخ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA&action=edit&section=3" title="حصہ لکھو: تریخ"><span>سودھو</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="مڈھلیاں_لکھتاں"><span id=".D9.85.DA.88.DA.BE.D9.84.DB.8C.D8.A7.DA.BA_.D9.84.DA.A9.DA.BE.D8.AA.D8.A7.DA.BA"></span>مڈھلیاں لکھتاں</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA&action=edit&section=4" title="حصہ لکھو: مڈھلیاں لکھتاں"><span>سودھو</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ترکی بولیاں دی پہلی لکھتاں ۸ویں صدی دیاں اورخان ہتھلکھتاں ہن جو ۱۸۸۹ وچ <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="منگولیا">منگولیا</a> دی اورخان وادی وچوں حاصل ہوئیاں سن۔کاشغرلی محمود دی ۱۱ویں صدی رچنا دیوان لغت ترک(<i>Divânü Lügati't-Türk</i>) ترکی بولیاں دا پہلا بولی تجزیہ ہے۔ ایہہ ترکی بولیاں دا پہلا کوش(لغت) ہے اتے اس وچّ ترکی بولی دے بلاریاں دی جغرافیائی وقوع دا نقشا وی شامل کیتا گیا ہے۔ ایہہ خاص کرکے اس بولی پروار دی دکھنی-لہندی شاخ نال متعلق ہے۔<sup id="cite_ref-Soucek_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Soucek-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۹<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ہور_دیکھو"><span id=".DB.81.D9.88.D8.B1_.D8.AF.DB.8C.DA.A9.DA.BE.D9.88"></span>ہور دیکھو</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA&action=edit&section=5" title="حصہ لکھو: ہور دیکھو"><span>سودھو</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA" title="ایشیا دیاں بولیاں">ایشیا دیاں بولیاں</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA" title="منگول بولیاں">منگول بولیاں</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="حوالے"><span id=".D8.AD.D9.88.D8.A7.D9.84.DB.92"></span>حوالے</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA&action=edit&section=6" title="حصہ لکھو: حوالے"><span>سودھو</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist references-small references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 3; -webkit-column-width: 3; column-width: 3; {{# گزینه: | small= font-size:small; | below= font-size:smaller; }}"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Glottolog-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Glottolog_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal"> (2013) "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/turk1311">ترک</a>", <i><a href="/wiki/Glottolog" class="mw-redirect" title="Glottolog">Glottolog</a></i>. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%5B%5BGlottolog%5D%5D&rft.atitle=%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9&rft.date=2013&rft.pub=Max+Planck+Institute+for+Evolutionary+Anthropology&rft.place=Leipzig"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dybo A.V., <i>"Chronology of Türkic languages and linguistic contacts of early Türks"</i>, Moskow, 2007, p. 766, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://altaica.narod.ru/LIBRARY/xronol_tu.pdf">[۱]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050311224856/http://altaica.narod.ru/LIBRARY/xronol_tu.pdf">Archived</a> 2005-03-11 at the <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DB%92_%D8%A8%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D9%85%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86" title="وے بیک مشین">وے بیک مشین</a> (<i>In Russian</i>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ethnologue_Altaic-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Ethnologue_Altaic_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGordon,_Raymond_G.,_Jr._(ed.)2005" class="citation web"><a href="/wiki/Ethnologue" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnologue">Gordon, Raymond G., Jr. (ed.)</a> (<bdi>۲۰۰۵</bdi>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/show_family.asp?subid=90009">«Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth edition. Language Family Trees – Altaic»</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. دریافت‌شده در <bdi>۲۰۰۷-۰۳-۱۸</bdi></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ethnologue%3A+Languages+of+the+World%2C+Fifteenth+edition.+Language+Family+Trees+%E2%80%93+Altaic&rft.date=2005&rft.au=Gordon%2C+Raymond+G.%2C+Jr.+%28ed.%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ethnologue.com%2Fshow_family.asp%3Fsubid%3D90009&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpnb.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9+%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA" class="Z3988"></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">نگهداری یادکرد:نام‌های متعدد:فهرست نویسندگان (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%AF%D9%B9%DA%BE:%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF:%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%AF:%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="گٹھ:نگهداری یادکرد:نام‌های متعدد:فهرست نویسندگان (صفحہ مَوجود نہیں اے)">رده</a>) نگهداری یادکرد:متن اضافی:فهرست نویسندگان (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%AF%D9%B9%DA%BE:%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF:%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C:%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="گٹھ:نگهداری یادکرد:متن اضافی:فهرست نویسندگان (صفحہ مَوجود نہیں اے)">رده</a>) </span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r674772">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center;padding-right:1em;padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center;padding-right:1em;padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center;padding-right:1em;padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output div[dir=ltr] .cs1-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output div[dir=ltr] .cs1-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output div[dir=ltr] .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output div[dir=ltr] .cs1-lock-registration a{background-position:left .1em center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LanguagesOfTheWorld-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-LanguagesOfTheWorld_4-0">۴.۰</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-LanguagesOfTheWorld_4-1">۴.۱</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal">Katzner, Kenneth (March 2002). <i>Languages of the World, Third Edition</i>. Routledge, an imprint of Taylor & Francis Books Ltd.. ISBN <span lang="ur">978-0-415-25004-7</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Languages+of+the+World%2C+Third+Edition&rft.aulast=Katzner&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.date=March+2002&rft.pub=Routledge%2C+an+imprint+of+Taylor+%26+Francis+Books+Ltd.&rft.isbn=978-0-415-25004-7"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="pnb" dir="rtl">سائیٹ غلطی: Invalid <code><ref></code> tag; name "LanguagesOfTheWorld" defined multiple times with different content</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Brigitte Moser, Michael Wilhelm Weithmann, Landeskunde Türkei: Geschichte, Gesellschaft und Kultur, Buske Publishing, 2008, p.173</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Deutsches Orient-Institut, Orient, Vol. 41, Alfred Röper Publushing, 2000, p.611</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.zaman.com.tr/iskander-pala/turkceyi-kac-kisi-konusuyor_480993.html">http://www.zaman.com.tr/iskander-pala/turkceyi-kac-kisi-konusuyor_480993.html</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-historyofturkic-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-historyofturkic_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lars Johanson, The History of Turkic. In Lars Johanson & Éva Ágnes Csató (eds), The Turkic Languages, London, New York: Routledge, 81-125, 1998.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.turkiclanguages.com/www/classification.html">Classification of Turkic languages</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110408063746/http://www.turkiclanguages.com/www/classification.html">Archived</a> 2011-04-08 at the <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DB%92_%D8%A8%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D9%85%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86" title="وے بیک مشین">وے بیک مشین</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Soucek-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Soucek_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal">Soucek, Svat (March 2000). <i>A History of Inner Asia</i>. Cambridge University Press. ISBN <span lang="ur">978-0-521-65169-1</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Inner+Asia&rft.aulast=Soucek&rft.aufirst=Svat&rft.date=March+2000&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.isbn=978-0-521-65169-1"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="باہرلے_جوڑ"><span id=".D8.A8.D8.A7.DB.81.D8.B1.D9.84.DB.92_.D8.AC.D9.88.DA.91"></span>باہرلے جوڑ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA&action=edit&section=7" title="حصہ لکھو: باہرلے جوڑ"><span>سودھو</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mediafire.com/view/6iami4gg48peq66/Turkic_Languages_Verb_Comparison.pdf">Turkic Languages Verb Comparison</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gokturkanitlari.appspot.com">Turkic Inscriptions of Orkhon Valley, Mongolia</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120411140854/http://gokturkanitlari.appspot.com/">Archived</a> 2012-04-11 at the <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DB%92_%D8%A8%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D9%85%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86" title="وے بیک مشین">وے بیک مشین</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.umich.edu/~turkish/langres_turkic.html">Turkic Languages: Resources – University of Michigan</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/didact/karten/turk/turklm.htm">Map of Turkic languages</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.turkiclanguages.com/www/classification.html">Classification of Turkic Languages</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110408063746/http://www.turkiclanguages.com/www/classification.html">Archived</a> 2011-04-08 at the <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DB%92_%D8%A8%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D9%85%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86" title="وے بیک مشین">وے بیک مشین</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dict.yulghun.com/">Online Uyghur–English Dictionary</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%86%DB%81:Dmoz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="سانچہ:Dmoz (صفحہ مَوجود نہیں اے)">سانچہ:Dmoz</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tdk.org.tr/lehceler/Default.aspx">Turkic language vocabulary comparison tool / dictionary</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gaspirali.com/ksozluk">A Comparative Dictionary of Turkic Languages</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110710073607/http://www.gaspirali.com/ksozluk">Archived</a> 2011-07-10 at the <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DB%92_%D8%A8%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D9%85%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86" title="وے بیک مشین">وے بیک مشین</a> <i>Open Project</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://turkic-languages.scienceontheweb.net/">The Turkic Languages in a Nutshell</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112004532/http://turkic-languages.scienceontheweb.net/">Archived</a> 2020-11-12 at the <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DB%92_%D8%A8%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D9%85%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86" title="وے بیک مشین">وے بیک مشین</a> with illustrations.</li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Swadesh_lists_for_Turkic_languages">Swadesh lists of Turkic basic vocabulary words</a> (from Wiktionary's <a class="external text" href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Swadesh_lists">Swadesh-list appendix</a>)</li> <li>Conferences on Turkic languages processing: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.e-zerde.kz/zerde/index.php/ru/struktura-4/struktura-6">Astana, Kazakhstan, 2013</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150925132543/http://www.e-zerde.kz/zerde/index.php/ru/struktura-4/struktura-6">Archived</a> 2015-09-25 at the <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DB%92_%D8%A8%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D9%85%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86" title="وے بیک مشین">وے بیک مشین</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.turklang.itu.edu.tr/">Istanbul, Turkey, 2014</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210224171316/http://www.turklang.itu.edu.tr/">Archived</a> 2021-02-24 at the <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DB%92_%D8%A8%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D9%85%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86" title="وے بیک مشین">وے بیک مشین</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://turklang.antat.ru/">Kazan, Tatarstan, 2015</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150925133912/http://turklang.antat.ru/">Archived</a> 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