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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Background</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Establishment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Establishment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Establishment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Establishment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ratification_status" 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</div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Rome Statute</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 48 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">48 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="نظام روما الأساسي للمحكمة الجنائية الدولية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نظام روما الأساسي للمحكمة الجنائية الدولية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma_Statutu" title="Roma Statutu – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Roma Statutu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BF" title="রোম সংবিধি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রোম সংবিধি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Рымскі статут Міжнароднага крымінальнага суда – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рымскі статут Міжнароднага крымінальнага суда" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B4_%D0%BE%D1%82_17_%D1%8E%D0%BB%D0%B8_1998_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Римски статут на Международния наказателен съд от 17 юли 1998 година – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Римски статут на Международния наказателен съд от 17 юли 1998 година" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estatut_de_Roma" title="Estatut de Roma – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Estatut de Roma" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%98%C3%ADmsk%C3%BD_statut_Mezin%C3%A1rodn%C3%ADho_trestn%C3%ADho_soudu" title="Římský statut Mezinárodního trestního soudu – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Římský statut Mezinárodního trestního soudu" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom-statutten" title="Rom-statutten – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Rom-statutten" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B6misches_Statut_des_Internationalen_Strafgerichtshofs" title="Römisches Statut des Internationalen Strafgerichtshofs – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Römisches Statut des Internationalen Strafgerichtshofs" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rahvusvahelise_Kriminaalkohtu_Rooma_statuut" title="Rahvusvahelise Kriminaalkohtu Rooma statuut – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rahvusvahelise Kriminaalkohtu Rooma statuut" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estatuto_de_Roma" title="Estatuto de Roma – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Estatuto de Roma" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statuto_de_Romo" title="Statuto de Romo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Statuto de Romo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87_%D8%B1%D9%85" title="دیوان کیفری بین‌المللی بر مبنای اساسنامه رم – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دیوان کیفری بین‌المللی بر مبنای اساسنامه رم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statut_de_Rome" title="Statut de Rome – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Statut de Rome" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estatuto_de_Roma" title="Estatuto de Roma – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Estatuto de Roma" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C%ED%98%95%EC%82%AC%EC%9E%AC%ED%8C%90%EC%86%8C%EC%97%90_%EA%B4%80%ED%95%9C_%EB%A1%9C%EB%A7%88_%EA%B7%9C%EC%A0%95" title="국제형사재판소에 관한 로마 규정 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="국제형사재판소에 관한 로마 규정" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%BC%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%AB_%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BF" title="Հռոմի ստատուտ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հռոմի ստատուտ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rimski_statut_Me%C4%91unarodnoga_kaznenog_suda" title="Rimski statut Međunarodnoga kaznenog suda – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Rimski statut Međunarodnoga kaznenog suda" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statuta_Roma" title="Statuta Roma – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Statuta Roma" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statuto_di_Roma" title="Statuto di Roma – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Statuto di Roma" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%AA_%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%90" title="חוקת רומא – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חוקת רומא" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%AC%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="რომის წესდება – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რომის წესდება" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Рим статуты – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Рим статуты" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romos_Statutas" title="Romos Statutas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Romos Statutas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statut_Rom_Mahkamah_Jenayah_Antarabangsa" title="Statut Rom Mahkamah Jenayah Antarabangsa – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Statut Rom Mahkamah Jenayah Antarabangsa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statuut_van_Rome_inzake_het_Internationaal_Strafhof" title="Statuut van Rome inzake het Internationaal Strafhof – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Statuut van Rome inzake het Internationaal Strafhof" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF" title="रोम सन्धि – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="रोम सन्धि" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%9A%9B%E5%88%91%E4%BA%8B%E8%A3%81%E5%88%A4%E6%89%80%E3%81%AB%E9%96%A2%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E8%A6%8F%E7%A8%8B" title="国際刑事裁判所に関するローマ規程 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="国際刑事裁判所に関するローマ規程" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma-vedtektene_om_Den_internasjonale_straffedomstol" title="Roma-vedtektene om Den internasjonale straffedomstol – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Roma-vedtektene om Den internasjonale straffedomstol" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma-vedtektene_om_Den_internasjonale_straffedomstol" title="Roma-vedtektene om Den internasjonale straffedomstol – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Roma-vedtektene om Den internasjonale straffedomstol" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xalqaro_jinoiy_sudning_Rim_nizomi" title="Xalqaro jinoiy sudning Rim nizomi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Xalqaro jinoiy sudning Rim nizomi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rzymski_Statut_Mi%C4%99dzynarodowego_Trybuna%C5%82u_Karnego" title="Rzymski Statut Międzynarodowego Trybunału Karnego – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rzymski Statut Międzynarodowego Trybunału Karnego" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estatuto_de_Roma" title="Estatuto de Roma – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Estatuto de Roma" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statutul_de_la_Roma_al_Cur%C8%9Bii_Penale_Interna%C8%9Bionale" title="Statutul de la Roma al Curții Penale Internaționale – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Statutul de la Roma al Curții Penale Internaționale" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Римский статут Международного уголовного суда – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Римский статут Международного уголовного суда" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rimski_statut_Mednarodnega_kazenskega_sodi%C5%A1%C4%8Da" title="Rimski statut Mednarodnega kazenskega sodišča – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Rimski statut Mednarodnega kazenskega sodišča" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%92%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Римски статут Међународног кривичног суда – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Римски статут Међународног кривичног суда" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rimski_statut_Me%C4%91unarodnog_krivi%C4%8Dnog_suda" title="Rimski statut Međunarodnog krivičnog suda – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Rimski statut Međunarodnog krivičnog suda" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooman_peruss%C3%A4%C3%A4nt%C3%B6" title="Rooman perussääntö – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rooman perussääntö" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romstadgan_f%C3%B6r_Internationella_brottm%C3%A5lsdomstolen" title="Romstadgan för Internationella brottmålsdomstolen – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Romstadgan för Internationella brottmålsdomstolen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estatuto_ng_Roma" title="Estatuto ng Roma – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Estatuto ng Roma" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8" title="ธรรมนูญกรุงโรมว่าด้วยศาลอาญาระหว่างประเทศ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ธรรมนูญกรุงโรมว่าด้วยศาลอาญาระหว่างประเทศ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma_Stat%C3%BCs%C3%BC" title="Roma Statüsü – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Roma Statüsü" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Римський статут Міжнародного кримінального суду – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Римський статут Міжнародного кримінального суду" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85" title="میثاق روم – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="میثاق روم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statuto_de_Roma" title="Statuto de Roma – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Statuto de Roma" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%88%91%E4%BA%8B%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E8%A6%8F%E7%B4%84" title="國際刑事法院羅馬規約 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="國際刑事法院羅馬規約" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%88%91%E4%BA%8B%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E8%A7%84%E7%BA%A6" title="国际刑事法院罗马规约 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="国际刑事法院罗马规约" 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1998 international treaty establishing the International Criminal Court</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size:125%;">Rome Statute, a statute establishing the International Criminal Court</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above description" style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ededed">Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom:1px #aaa solid;padding-top:0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ICC_member_states.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Map showing ICC member states" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/ICC_member_states.svg/400px-ICC_member_states.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/ICC_member_states.svg/600px-ICC_member_states.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/ICC_member_states.svg/800px-ICC_member_states.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="863" data-file-height="443" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding:0.35em 0.35em 0.25em;line-height:1.25em;"><a href="/wiki/States_parties_to_the_Rome_Statute" title="States parties to the Rome Statute">Parties and signatories of the Statute</a> <div style="text-align:left"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#00AA00; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> State party</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#EEEE00; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> Signatory that has not ratified</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:purple; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> State party that subsequently withdrew its membership</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:orange; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> Signatory that subsequently withdrew its signature</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF1111; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> Non-party, non-signatory</div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Drafted</th><td class="infobox-data">17 July 1998</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signed</th><td class="infobox-data">17 July 1998<sup id="cite_ref-article125_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-article125-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data location">Rome, Italy<sup id="cite_ref-article125_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-article125-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Effective</th><td class="infobox-data">1 July 2002<sup id="cite_ref-UN_treaty_database_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_treaty_database-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Condition</th><td class="infobox-data">60 ratifications<sup id="cite_ref-article126_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-article126-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signatories</th><td class="infobox-data attendee plainlist">137<sup id="cite_ref-UN_treaty_database_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_treaty_database-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parties</th><td class="infobox-data plainlist"><a href="/wiki/States_parties_to_the_Rome_Statute_of_the_International_Criminal_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="States parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court">125</a><sup id="cite_ref-UN_treaty_database_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_treaty_database-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Depositary</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_United_Nations" title="Secretary-General of the United Nations">UN Secretary-General</a><sup id="cite_ref-article125_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-article125-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Languages</th><td class="infobox-data hlist">Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish<sup id="cite_ref-article128_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-article128-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ededed;">Full text</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/16px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/32px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Rome_Statute_of_the_International_Criminal_Court" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court">Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court</a> at <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.un.org/law/icc/index.html">https://www.un.org/law/icc/index.html</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:International_Criminal_Court_Headquarters,_Netherlands.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/International_Criminal_Court_Headquarters%2C_Netherlands.jpg/230px-International_Criminal_Court_Headquarters%2C_Netherlands.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/International_Criminal_Court_Headquarters%2C_Netherlands.jpg/345px-International_Criminal_Court_Headquarters%2C_Netherlands.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/International_Criminal_Court_Headquarters%2C_Netherlands.jpg/460px-International_Criminal_Court_Headquarters%2C_Netherlands.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="1836" /></a><figcaption>Headquarters of the International Criminal Court in The Hague</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court</b> is the <a href="/wiki/Treaty" title="Treaty">treaty</a> that established the <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a> (ICC).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was adopted at a diplomatic conference in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> on 17 July 1998<sup id="cite_ref-scharf_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scharf-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and it entered into force on 1 July 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-UN_treaty_database_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_treaty_database-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of January 2025, <a href="/wiki/States_Parties_to_the_Rome_Statute_of_the_International_Criminal_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="States Parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court">125 states</a> are party to the statute.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among other things, it establishes court function, <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court#Jurisdiction_and_admissibility" title="International Criminal Court">jurisdiction</a> and <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court#Structure" title="International Criminal Court">structure</a>. </p><p>The Rome Statute established four core international crimes: <a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">genocide</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity" title="Crimes against humanity">crimes against humanity</a>, <a href="/wiki/War_crime" title="War crime">war crimes</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Crime_of_aggression" title="Crime of aggression">crime of aggression</a>. Those crimes "shall not be subject to any <a href="/wiki/Statute_of_limitations" title="Statute of limitations">statute of limitations</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the Rome Statute, the ICC can only investigate and prosecute the four core international crimes in situations where states are "unable" or "unwilling" to do so themselves.<sup id="cite_ref-reuters-icc_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reuters-icc-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The jurisdiction of the court is complementary to jurisdictions of domestic courts. The court has jurisdiction over crimes only if they are committed in the territory of, by a national of, or on a vessel registered under a state party or a non-party that has accepted the jurisdiction of the Court; or if the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">United Nations Security Council</a> makes a referral.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The provisions on the <a href="/wiki/Crime_of_aggression" title="Crime of aggression">crime of aggression</a> did not take effect until after it was defined at the <a href="/wiki/Kampala_Conference_to_review_the_Rome_Statute" title="Kampala Conference to review the Rome Statute">2010 Kampala Conference</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Purpose">Purpose</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rome_Statute&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Purpose"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Rome Statute established four core international crimes: (I) <a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">Genocide</a>, (II) <a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity" title="Crimes against humanity">Crimes against humanity</a>, (III) <a href="/wiki/War_crime" title="War crime">War crimes</a>, and (IV) <a href="/wiki/Crime_of_aggression" title="Crime of aggression">Crime of aggression</a>. Following years of negotiation, aimed at establishing a permanent international tribunal to prosecute individuals accused of <a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">genocide</a> and other serious <a href="/wiki/Crime_against_international_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Crime against international law">international crimes</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Crime_against_humanity" class="mw-redirect" title="Crime against humanity">crimes against humanity</a>, <a href="/wiki/War_crime" title="War crime">war crimes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Crime_of_aggression" title="Crime of aggression">crimes of aggression</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="United Nations General Assembly">United Nations General Assembly</a> convened a five-week diplomatic conference in Rome in June 1998 "to finalize and adopt a convention on the establishment of an international criminal court".<sup id="cite_ref-un.org_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-un.org-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rome-conf_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rome-conf-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rome_Statute&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Rome_Statute" title="Special:EditPage/Rome Statute">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background">Background</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rome_Statute&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Rome Statute is the result of multiple attempts for the creation of a supranational and international tribunal. At the end of the 19th century, the international community took the first steps toward the institution of permanent courts with supranational jurisdiction. With the <a href="/wiki/Hague_Conferences" class="mw-redirect" title="Hague Conferences">Hague International Peace Conferences</a> of 1899 and 1907, representatives of the most powerful nations made an attempt to harmonize <a href="/wiki/Laws_of_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Laws of war">laws of war</a> and to limit the use of technologically advanced weapons. </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_trials" title="Nuremberg trials">Nuremberg trials</a> of <a href="/wiki/Nazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazi">Nazi</a> leaders, international institutions began prosecuting individuals responsible for <a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity" title="Crimes against humanity">crimes against humanity</a> which are inhumane actions that may be legal in a given nation, but represent gross human rights violations. In order to re-affirm basic principles of democratic civilisation, the accused received a regular trial, the right to <a href="/wiki/Defense_(legal)" title="Defense (legal)">defense</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Presumption_of_innocence" title="Presumption of innocence">presumption of innocence</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_trials" title="Nuremberg trials">Nuremberg trials</a> marked a crucial moment in <a href="/wiki/Legal_history" title="Legal history">legal history</a>, and after that, some treaties that led to the drafting of the Rome Statute were signed.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="What are these treaties that led to the Rome statute? This is far too vague. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>UN General Assembly Resolution n. 260 9 December 1948, the <a href="/wiki/Convention_on_the_Prevention_and_Punishment_of_the_Crime_of_Genocide" class="mw-redirect" title="Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide">Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide</a>, was the first step toward the establishment of an international permanent criminal tribunal with jurisdiction on crimes yet to be defined in international treaties. In the resolution there was a hope for an effort from the Legal U.N. commission in that direction. </p><p>The U.N. General Assembly, after the considerations expressed from the commission, established a committee to draft a statute and study the related legal issues. In 1951 a first draft was presented; a second draft followed in 1955 but there were a number of delays, officially due to the difficulties in the definition of the <a href="/wiki/Crime_of_aggression" title="Crime of aggression">crime of aggression</a>, that were only solved with diplomatic assemblies in the years following the statute's coming into force. The geopolitical tensions of the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> also contributed to the delays. </p><p>In December 1989, <a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a> asked the General Assembly to re-open the talks for the establishment of an international criminal court and in 1994 presented a draft statute. The General Assembly created an <i>ad hoc</i> committee for the International Criminal Court and, after hearing the conclusions, a Preparatory Committee that worked on the draft for two years from 1996 to 1998. </p><p>Meanwhile, the United Nations created the <i>ad hoc</i> tribunals for the former Yugoslavia (<a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia" title="International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia">ICTY</a>) and for Rwanda (<a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_Rwanda" title="International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda">ICTR</a>) using statutes—and amendments due to issues raised during pre-trial or trial stages of the proceedings—that are quite similar to the Rome Statute. </p><p>The UN’s <a href="/wiki/International_Law_Commission" title="International Law Commission">International Law Commission</a> (ILC) considered the inclusion of the crime of <a href="/wiki/Ecocide" title="Ecocide">ecocide</a> to be included within the Draft Code of Crimes Against the Peace and Security of Mankind, the document which later became the Rome Statute. Article 26 (crime against the environment) was publicly supported by 19 countries in the Legal Committee but was removed due to opposition from the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States of America</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Establishment">Establishment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rome_Statute&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Establishment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During its 52nd session, the UN General Assembly decided to convene a diplomatic conference "to finalize and adopt a convention on the establishment of an international criminal court".<sup id="cite_ref-un.org_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-un.org-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rome-conf_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rome-conf-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The conference was convened in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a> from 15 June to 17 July 1998. It was attended by representatives from 161 member states, along with observers from various other organizations, intergovernmental organizations and agencies, and non-governmental organizations (including many human rights groups) and was held at the headquarters of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, located about 4 km away from the Vatican (one of the states represented).<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 17 July 1998, the Rome Statute was adopted by a vote of 120 to 7, with 21 countries abstaining.<sup id="cite_ref-scharf_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scharf-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By agreement, there was no official record of each delegation's vote regarding the adoption of the Rome Statute. Therefore, there is some dispute over the identity of the seven countries that voted against the treaty.<sup id="cite_ref-smith_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smith-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is certain that the People's Republic of China, Israel, and the United States were three of the seven because they have publicly confirmed their negative votes. India, Indonesia, Iraq, Libya, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, and Yemen have been identified by various observers and commentators as possible sources for the other four negative votes, with Iraq, Libya, Qatar, and Yemen being the four most commonly identified.<sup id="cite_ref-smith_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smith-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Explanations of Vote was publicly declared by India, Uruguay, Mauritius, Philippines, Norway, Belgium, United States, Brazil, Israel, Sri Lanka, China, Turkey, Singapore, and the United Kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 11 April 2002, ten countries ratified the statute at the same time at a special ceremony held at the United Nations headquarters in New York City,<sup id="cite_ref-ai2002_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ai2002-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> bringing the total number of signatories to sixty, which was the minimum number required to bring the statute into force, as defined in Article 126.<sup id="cite_ref-article126_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-article126-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The treaty entered into force on 1 July 2002;<sup id="cite_ref-ai2002_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ai2002-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the ICC can only prosecute crimes committed on or after that date.<sup id="cite_ref-article11_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-article11-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The states parties held a <a href="/wiki/Review_Conference_of_the_Rome_Statute" class="mw-redirect" title="Review Conference of the Rome Statute">Review Conference</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kampala" title="Kampala">Kampala</a>, Uganda from 31 May to 11 June 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-2007resolution_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2007resolution-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Review Conference adopted a definition of the crime of aggression, thereby allowing the ICC to exercise jurisdiction over the crime for the first time. It also adopted an expansion of the list of war crimes.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Amendments_to_the_Rome_Statute_of_the_International_Criminal_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Amendments to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court">Amendments to the statute</a> were proposed to implement these changes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ratification_status">Ratification status</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rome_Statute&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Ratification status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of January 2025<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rome_Statute&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, 125 states<sup id="cite_ref-States-parties-and-others_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-States-parties-and-others-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are <a href="/wiki/States_parties_to_the_Rome_Statute_of_the_International_Criminal_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="States parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court">parties to the Statute of the Court</a>, including all the countries of South America, nearly all of Europe, most of Oceania and roughly half of Africa.<sup id="cite_ref-UN_treaty_database_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_treaty_database-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UN_treaty_database_12-2021_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_treaty_database_12-2021-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> were member states, but later withdrew effective 27 October 2017<sup id="cite_ref-BUwithdraw_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BUwithdraw-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 17 March 2019,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-UN_treaty_database_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_treaty_database-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UN_treaty_database_12-2021_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_treaty_database_12-2021-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A further 29 countries<sup id="cite_ref-States-parties-and-others_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-States-parties-and-others-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> have signed but not <a href="/wiki/Ratification" title="Ratification">ratified</a> the Rome Statute.<sup id="cite_ref-UN_treaty_database_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_treaty_database-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UN_treaty_database_12-2021_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_treaty_database_12-2021-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Vienna_Convention_on_the_Law_of_Treaties" title="Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties">law of treaties</a> obliges these states to refrain from "acts which would defeat the object and purpose" of the treaty until they declare they do not intend to become a party to the treaty.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Four signatory states—Israel in 2002,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/United_States_and_the_International_Criminal_Court" title="United States and the International Criminal Court">United States</a> on 6 May 2002,<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sudan on 26 August 2008,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Russia on 30 November 2016<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>—have informed the UN Secretary General that they no longer intend to become states parties and, as such, have no legal obligations arising from their signature of the Statute.<sup id="cite_ref-UN_treaty_database_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_treaty_database-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UN_treaty_database_12-2021_26-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_treaty_database_12-2021-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Forty-one additional states<sup id="cite_ref-States-parties-and-others_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-States-parties-and-others-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> have neither signed nor acceded to the Rome Statute. Some of them, including <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> and <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, are critical of the Court.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jurisdiction,_structure_and_amendment"><span id="Jurisdiction.2C_structure_and_amendment"></span>Jurisdiction, structure and amendment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rome_Statute&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Jurisdiction, structure and amendment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Rome Statute outlines the ICC's structure and areas of jurisdiction. The ICC can prosecute individuals (but not states or organizations) for four kinds of crimes: genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression. These crimes are detailed in Articles 6, 7, 8, and 8 <i>bis</i> of the Rome Statute, respectively. They must have been committed after 1 July 2002, when the Rome Statute came into effect. </p><p>The ICC has jurisdiction over these crimes in three cases: first, if they took place on the territory of a State Party; second, if they were committed by a national of a State Party; or third, if the crimes were referred to the Prosecutor by the UN Security Council. The ICC may begin an investigation before issuing a warrant if the crimes were referred by the UN Security Council or if a State Party requests an investigation. Otherwise, the Prosecutor must seek authorization from a Pre-Trial Chamber of three judges to begin an investigation <i>proprio motu</i> (on its own initiative). The only type of immunity the ICC recognizes is that it cannot prosecute those under 18 when the crime was committed. In particular, no officials – not even a head of state – are immune from prosecution. </p><p>The issue of immunities from the jurisdiction of the Court has become recently relevant, when the Court issued arrest warrants for Russian and Israeli Heads of State, since their immunities are granted from states which are not parties to the Rome Statute. States which have ratified the statute have waived the immunities of their officials with respect to the jurisdiction of the court by accepting the provisions of article 27: </p><p>“Article 27 Irrelevance of official capacity 1. This Statute shall apply equally to all persons without any distinction based on official capacity. In particular, official capacity as a Head of State or Government, a member of a Government or parliament, an elected representative or a government official shall in no case exempt a person from criminal responsibility under this Statute, nor shall it, in and of itself, constitute a ground for reduction of sentence. 2. Immunities or special procedural rules which may attach to the official capacity of a person, whether under national or international law, shall not bar the Court from exercising its jurisdiction over such a person.” </p><p>However, according to the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, states which have not ratified a treaty cannot be bound by its provisions, meaning that states such as Russia and Israel have not agreed to waive the immunities of their officials for that purpose. On the other hand, states which are bound to cooperate with the court under part 9 of the Rome Statute, shall comply with any and all cooperation requests of the Court, including arrest warrants for officials of non-state parties. However, article 98 of the Court, which has been used as an argument by state parties defending their non-compliance with arrest warrants as such reads as follows: </p><p>“Article 98 Cooperation with respect to waiver of immunity and consent to surrender 1.The Court may not proceed with a request for surrender or assistance which would require the requested State to act inconsistently with its obligations under international law with respect to the State or diplomatic immunity of a person or property of a third State, unless the Court can first obtain the cooperation of that third State for the waiver of the immunity.” </p><p>The Al-Bashir arrest warrant decisions have shed some light into the apparent conflict between these two articles by establishing two strong arguments in favor of the universality of article 27 and the nonexistence of a conflict with article 98 .The first argument, commonly known as “The Security Council route”, claims that when a situation is referred to the Court in accordance with article 13(b) of the Rome Statute, the Security Council is placing the state in question in the position of a state party to the Rome Statute, including the waiver of article 27.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the absence of a Security Council referral, the Court has included a plethora of other justifications for its decision. The argument, one of the justifications of the court which was reaffirmed in the decision against Mongolia in 2024, is highlighting the grammatical interpretation of article 98(1). The lack of reference on heads of state in the article, and the clear grammatical meaning that the article applies only to the State or diplomatic immunity of a person or property of a third State, is a strong indicator that the article is not an exception to article 27 for heads of state of States not Party.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> The Rome Statute established three bodies: the ICC itself, the Assembly of States Parties (ASP), and the Trust Fund for Victims. The ASP has two subsidiary bodies. These are the Permanent Secretariat, established in 2003, and an elected Bureau which includes a president and vice-president. The ICC itself has four organs: the Presidency (with mostly administrative responsibilities); the Divisions (the Pre-Trial, Trial, and Appeals judges); the Office of the Prosecutor; and the Registry (whose role is to support the other three organs). The functions of these organs are detailed in Part 4 of the Rome Statute. </p><p>Any amendment to the Rome Statute requires the support of a two-thirds majority of the states parties, and an amendment (except those amending the list of crimes) will not enter into force until it has been ratified by seven-eighths of the states parties. A state party which has not ratified such an amendment may withdraw with immediate effect.<sup id="cite_ref-a121_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a121-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Any amendment to the list of crimes within the jurisdiction of the court will only apply to those states parties that have ratified it. It does not need a seven-eighths majority of ratifications.<sup id="cite_ref-a121_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a121-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rome_Statute&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Review_Conference_of_the_Rome_Statute" class="mw-redirect" title="Review Conference of the Rome Statute">Review Conference of the Rome Statute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amendments_to_the_Rome_Statute_of_the_International_Criminal_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Amendments to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court">Amendments to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_Act_2001" title="International Criminal Court Act 2001">International Criminal Court Act 2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lkerstrafgesetzbuch" title="Völkerstrafgesetzbuch">Völkerstrafgesetzbuch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Day_for_International_Justice" title="World Day for International Justice">World Day for International Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_genocide_studies" title="Outline of genocide studies">Outline of genocide studies</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rome_Statute&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-States-parties-and-others-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-States-parties-and-others_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-States-parties-and-others_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-States-parties-and-others_25-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">The sum of (a) states parties, (b) signatories and (c) non-signatory United Nations member states is 195. This number is two more than the number of <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_member_states" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations member states">United Nations member states</a> (193) due to <a href="/wiki/Palestine" title="Palestine">Palestine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a> being states parties but not United Nations member states.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rome_Statute&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-article125-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-article125_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-article125_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-article125_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Article 125 of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legal.un.org/icc/statute/99_corr/cstatute.htm">Rome Statute</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131019222421/http://legal.un.org/icc/statute/99_corr/cstatute.htm">Archived</a> 19 October 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Retrieved on 18 October 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UN_treaty_database-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UN_treaty_database_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN_treaty_database_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN_treaty_database_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN_treaty_database_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN_treaty_database_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN_treaty_database_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN_treaty_database_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN_treaty_database_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110118070450/http://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XVIII-10&chapter=18&lang=en">"United Nations Treaty Database entry regarding the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court"</a>. <i>United Nations Treaty Collection</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XVIII-10&chapter=18&lang=en">the original</a> on 18 January 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+Nations+Treaty+Collection&rft.atitle=United+Nations+Treaty+Database+entry+regarding+the+Rome+Statute+of+the+International+Criminal+Court&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftreaties.un.org%2FPages%2FViewDetails.aspx%3Fsrc%3DTREATY%26mtdsg_no%3DXVIII-10%26chapter%3D18%26lang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARome+Statute" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-article126-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-article126_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-article126_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Article 126 of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legal.un.org/icc/statute/99_corr/cstatute.htm">Rome Statute</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131019222421/http://legal.un.org/icc/statute/99_corr/cstatute.htm">Archived</a> 19 October 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Retrieved on 18 October 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-article128-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-article128_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Article 128 of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legal.un.org/icc/statute/99_corr/cstatute.htm">Rome Statute</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131019222421/http://legal.un.org/icc/statute/99_corr/cstatute.htm">Archived</a> 19 October 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Retrieved on 18 October 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/RS-Eng.pdf">"The Rome Statute"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. International Criminal Court. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230409194405/https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/RS-Eng.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 9 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Rome+Statute&rft.pub=International+Criminal+Court&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.icc-cpi.int%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2FRS-Eng.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARome+Statute" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-scharf-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-scharf_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-scharf_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Michael P. Scharf (August 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asil.org/insights/insigh23.htm"><i>Results of the Rome Conference for an International Criminal Court</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120515183257/http://www.asil.org/insights/insigh23.htm">Archived</a> 15 May 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. The American Society of International Law. Retrieved on 31 January 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Each year, to commemorate the adoption of the Rome Statute, human rights activists around the world celebrate 17 July as <a href="/wiki/World_Day_for_International_Justice" title="World Day for International Justice">World Day for International Justice</a>. See Amnesty International USA (2005). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amnestyusa.org/International_Justice/International_Justice_Day/page.do?id=1104666&n1=3&n2=35">International Justice Day 2005</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080502123130/http://www.amnestyusa.org/International_Justice/International_Justice_Day/page.do?id=1104666&n1=3&n2=35">Archived</a> 2 May 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i>. Retrieved on 31 January 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XVIII-10&chapter=18&clang=_en">"Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Treaty_Series" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Treaty Series">United Nations Treaty Collection</a>. 11 January 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rome+Statute+of+the+International+Criminal+Court&rft.pub=United+Nations+Treaty+Collection&rft.date=2025-01-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftreaties.un.org%2FPages%2FViewDetails.aspx%3Fsrc%3DTREATY%26mtdsg_no%3DXVIII-10%26chapter%3D18%26clang%3D_en&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARome+Statute" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Article 29, Non-applicability of statute of limitations</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-reuters-icc-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-reuters-icc_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-icct-palistinians-israel/international-criminal-court-prosecutor-calls-for-end-to-violence-in-gaza-idUSKBN1HF0PG/">"International Criminal Court prosecutor calls for end to violence in Gaza"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. Amsterdam. 8 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=International+Criminal+Court+prosecutor+calls+for+end+to+violence+in+Gaza&rft.date=2018-04-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-icct-palistinians-israel%2Finternational-criminal-court-prosecutor-calls-for-end-to-violence-in-gaza-idUSKBN1HF0PG%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARome+Statute" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icc-cpi.int/about/how-the-court-works">How the Court works</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-un.org-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-un.org_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-un.org_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">United Nations (1999). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/law/icc/general/overview.htm">Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court – Overview</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080113110118/http://www.un.org/law/icc/general/overview.htm">Archived</a> 13 January 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i>. Retrieved on 31 January 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rome-conf-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rome-conf_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rome-conf_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Coalition for the International Criminal Court. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121019165926/http://www.iccnow.org/?mod=rome"><i>Rome Conference – 1998</i></a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup>. Retrieved on 31 January 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUN._General_Assembly_(41st_sess.)1987" class="citation journal cs1">UN. General Assembly (41st sess.) 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+Nations&rft.atitle=Reference%3A+C.N.612.2008.TREATIES-6+%28Depositary+Notification%29&rft.date=2008-08-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftreaties.un.org%2Fdoc%2FPublication%2FCN%2F2008%2FCN.612.2008-Eng.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARome+Statute" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/CN/2016/CN.886.2016-Eng.pdf">"Reference: C.N.886.2016.TREATIES-XVIII.10 (Depositary Notification)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a></i>. 30 November 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161220034328/https://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/CN/2016/CN.886.2016-Eng.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 20 December 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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"China's Attitude Towards the ICC". <i>Journal of International Criminal Justice</i>. <b>3</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">608–</span>620. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fjicj%2Fmqi056">10.1093/jicj/mqi056</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1478-1387">1478-1387</a>. <a href="/wiki/SSRN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SSRN (identifier)">SSRN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=915740">915740</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+International+Criminal+Justice&rft.atitle=China%27s+Attitude+Towards+the+ICC&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E608-%3C%2Fspan%3E620&rft.date=2005-07-06&rft.issn=1478-1387&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fsol3%2Fpapers.cfm%3Fabstract_id%3D915740%23id-name%3DSSRN&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fjicj%2Fmqi056&rft.aulast=Jianping&rft.aufirst=Lu&rft.au=Zhixiang%2C+Wang&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARome+Statute" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamanathan2005" class="citation journal cs1">Ramanathan, Usha (6 July 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ielrc.org/content/a0505.pdf">"India and the ICC"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Journal of International Criminal Justice</i>. <b>3</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">627–</span>634. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fjicj%2Fmqi055">10.1093/jicj/mqi055</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1478-1387">1478-1387</a>. <a href="/wiki/SSRN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SSRN (identifier)">SSRN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=915739">915739</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060514050807/http://www.ielrc.org/content/a0505.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 14 May 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+International+Criminal+Justice&rft.atitle=India+and+the+ICC&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E627-%3C%2Fspan%3E634&rft.date=2005-07-06&rft.issn=1478-1387&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fsol3%2Fpapers.cfm%3Fabstract_id%3D915739%23id-name%3DSSRN&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fjicj%2Fmqi055&rft.aulast=Ramanathan&rft.aufirst=Usha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ielrc.org%2Fcontent%2Fa0505.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARome+Statute" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_souza_dias" class="citation web cs1">de souza dias, Talita. [<<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ejiltalk.org/the-discussion-of-the-security-council-roots-to-the-derogation-from-personal-immunities-in-the-al-bashir-case-how-explicit-must-security-council-resolutions-be/">https://www.ejiltalk.org/the-discussion-of-the-security-council-roots-to-the-derogation-from-personal-immunities-in-the-al-bashir-case-how-explicit-must-security-council-resolutions-be/</a>> "The 'Security Council Route' to the Derogation from Personal Head of State Immunity in the Al-Bashir Case: How Explicit must Security Council Resolutions be?"]. <i>Blog of the European Journal of International Law</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Blog+of+the+European+Journal+of+International+Law&rft.atitle=The+%E2%80%98Security+Council+Route%E2%80%99+to+the+Derogation+from+Personal+Head+of+State+Immunity+in+the+Al-Bashir+Case%3A+How+Explicit+must+Security+Council+Resolutions+be%3F&rft.aulast=de+souza+dias&rft.aufirst=Talita&rft_id=%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.ejiltalk.org%2Fthe-discussion-of-the-security-council-roots-to-the-derogation-from-personal-immunities-in-the-al-bashir-case-how-explicit-must-security-council-resolutions-be%2F%3E&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARome+Statute" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Check <code class="cs1-code">|url=</code> value (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#bad_url" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icc-cpi.int/court-record/icc-01/22-90"><i>Situation in Ukraine (Finding)</i></a> (ICC-01/22 ed.). International Criminal Court. 24 October 2024. p. paras 35-36<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Situation+in+Ukraine+%28Finding%29&rft.pages=paras+35-36&rft.edition=ICC-01%2F22&rft.pub=International+Criminal+Court&rft.date=2024-10-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.icc-cpi.int%2Fcourt-record%2Ficc-01%2F22-90&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARome+Statute" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-a121-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-a121_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-a121_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Article 121 of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legal.un.org/icc/statute/99_corr/cstatute.htm">Rome Statute</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131019222421/http://legal.un.org/icc/statute/99_corr/cstatute.htm">Archived</a> 19 October 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Retrieved on 18 October 2013.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rome_Statute&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_genocide_studies" title="Bibliography of genocide studies">Bibliography of genocide studies</a></div> <ul><li>Roy S Lee (ed.), <i>The International Criminal Court: The Making of the Rome Statute</i>. The Hague: <a href="/wiki/Wolters_Kluwer" title="Wolters Kluwer">Kluwer Law International</a> (1999). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-411-1212-X" title="Special:BookSources/90-411-1212-X">90-411-1212-X</a>.</li> <li>Roy S Lee & Hakan Friman (eds.), <i>The International Criminal Court: Elements of Crimes and Rules of Procedure and Evidence</i>. Ardsley, NY: Transnational Publishers (2001). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57105-209-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-57105-209-7">1-57105-209-7</a>.</li> <li>William A. Schabas, Flavia Lattanzi (eds.), <i>Essays on the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court Volume I</i>. Fagnano Alto: il Sirente (1999). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/88-87847-00-2" title="Special:BookSources/88-87847-00-2">88-87847-00-2</a></li> <li>Claus Kress, Flavia Lattanzi (eds.), <i>The Rome Statute and Domestic Legal Orders Volume I</i>. Fagnano Alto: il Sirente (2000). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/88-87847-01-0" title="Special:BookSources/88-87847-01-0">88-87847-01-0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Cassese" title="Antonio Cassese">Antonio Cassese</a>, Paola Gaeta & John R.W.D. Jones (eds.), <i>The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court: A Commentary</i>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a> (2002). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-829862-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-829862-5">978-0-19-829862-5</a>.</li> <li>William A. Schabas, Flavia Lattanzi (eds.), <i>Essays on the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court Volume II</i>. Fagnano Alto: il Sirente (2004). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/88-87847-02-9" title="Special:BookSources/88-87847-02-9">88-87847-02-9</a></li> <li>William A Schabas, <i>An Introduction to the International Criminal Court</i> (2nd ed.). Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a> (2004). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-01149-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-01149-3">0-521-01149-3</a>.</li> <li>Claus Kress, Flavia Lattanzi (eds.), <i>The Rome Statute and Domestic Legal Orders Volume II</i>. Fagnano Alto: <a href="/wiki/Il_Sirente" title="Il Sirente">il Sirente</a> (2005). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-87847-03-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-87847-03-1">978-88-87847-03-1</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rome_Statute&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output 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style="margin-left: 10px;"><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Rome_Statute" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Special:Search/Rome Statute">Rome Statute</a></b></div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legal.un.org/icc/statute/99_corr/cstatute.htm">Original text of the Rome Statute</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://iccforum.com/rome-statute">Text of the Rome Statute as amended in 2010 and 2015</a> – Human Rights & International Criminal Law Online Forum</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legal.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/draft%20articles/7_4_1994.pdf">Draft Statute of an International Criminal Court, 1994</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111228050334/https://www.un.org/icc/index.htm">United Nations Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived 28 December 2011)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icc-cpi.int/">International Criminal Court website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110616081114/http://www.icc-cpi.int/Menus/ASP/states+parties/">A list of the State Parties to the Rome Statute</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived 16 June 2011)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pgaction.org">Parliamentary network mobilized in support of the universality of the Rome Statute</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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href="/wiki/Geneva_Conventions" title="Geneva Conventions">Geneva Conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hague_Conventions_of_1899_and_1907" title="Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907">Hague Conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_legal_theories" title="International legal theories">International legal theories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_Charter" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuremberg Charter">Nuremberg Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_principles" title="Nuremberg principles">Nuremberg principles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peremptory_norm" title="Peremptory norm">Peremptory norm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charter_of_the_United_Nations" title="Charter of the United Nations">United Nations Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genocide_Convention" title="Genocide Convention">Genocide Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Convention_against_Corruption" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Convention against Corruption">Convention against Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Convention_Against_Transnational_Organized_Crime" title="United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime">Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Convention_Against_Torture" title="United Nations Convention Against Torture">Convention Against Torture</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rome Statute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/International_criminal_law" title="International criminal law">Crimes against<br />international law</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity" title="Crimes against humanity">Crimes against humanity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_of_aggression" title="Crime of aggression">Crime of aggression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_of_apartheid" title="Crime of apartheid">Crime of apartheid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">Genocide</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genocidal_intent" title="Genocidal intent">Genocidal intent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incitement_to_genocide" title="Incitement to genocide">Incitement to genocide</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracy" title="Piracy">Piracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_slavery" title="History of slavery">Slave trading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starvation_(crime)" title="Starvation (crime)">Starvation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crime" title="War crime">War crime</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/International_court" title="International court">International courts</a><br /><span class="nobold">(in order of foundation)</span></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_trials" title="Nuremberg trials">International Military Tribunal (Nuremberg Trials)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Military_Tribunal_for_the_Far_East" title="International Military Tribunal for the Far East">International Military Tribunal for the Far East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia" title="International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia">International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_Rwanda" title="International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda">International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Court_for_Sierra_Leone" title="Special Court for Sierra Leone">Special Court for Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmer_Rouge_Tribunal" title="Khmer Rouge Tribunal">Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Panels_for_Serious_Crimes_(East_Timor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Panels for Serious Crimes (East Timor)">Special Panels of the Dili District Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Tribunal_for_Lebanon" title="Special Tribunal for Lebanon">Special Tribunal for Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Residual_Mechanism_for_Criminal_Tribunals" title="International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals">International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International anti-crime bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Global_Initiative_Against_Transnational_Organized_Crime" title="Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime">Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Association_of_Anti-Corruption_Authorities" title="International Association of Anti-Corruption Authorities">International Association of Anti-Corruption Authorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Congress_on_Crime_Prevention_and_Criminal_Justice" title="United Nations Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice">UN Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_on_Drugs_and_Crime" title="United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime">UN Office on Drugs and Crime</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Command_responsibility" title="Command responsibility">Command responsibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_orders" title="Superior orders">Superior orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_criminal_enterprise" title="Joint criminal enterprise">Joint criminal enterprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_humanitarian_law" title="International humanitarian law">International humanitarian law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_speech_crimes" title="International speech crimes">International speech crimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_jurisdiction" title="Universal jurisdiction">Universal jurisdiction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="International_Criminal_Court_(ICC)115" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:International_Criminal_Court" title="Template:International Criminal Court"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:International_Criminal_Court" title="Template talk:International Criminal Court"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:International_Criminal_Court" title="Special:EditPage/Template:International Criminal Court"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="International_Criminal_Court_(ICC)115" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court (ICC)</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legal texts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rome Statute</a> (<a href="/wiki/Amendments_to_the_Rome_Statute" title="Amendments to the Rome Statute">amendments</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_the_Privileges_and_Immunities_of_the_International_Criminal_Court" title="Agreement on the Privileges and Immunities of the International Criminal Court">Agreement on Privileges and Immunities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreements_on_the_Enforcement_of_Sentences_with_the_International_Criminal_Court" title="Agreements on the Enforcement of Sentences with the International Criminal Court">Agreements on the Enforcement of Sentences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_Conventions" title="Geneva Conventions">Geneva Conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charter_of_the_United_Nations" title="Charter of the United Nations">Charter of the United Nations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">UN resolutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General Assembly</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_3314" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3314">3314</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Security Council</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1422" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1422">1422</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1487" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1487">1487</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1593" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1593">1593</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1970" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1970">1970</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Service-Members%27_Protection_Act" title="American Service-Members' Protection Act">American Service-Members' Protection Act</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimes_Against_Humanity_and_War_Crimes_Act" title="Crimes Against Humanity and War Crimes Act">Crimes Against Humanity and War Crimes Act</a> (Canada)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_Act_2001" title="International Criminal Court Act 2001">International Criminal Court Act 2001</a> (United Kingdom)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-third_Amendment_of_the_Constitution_of_Ireland" title="Twenty-third Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland">Twenty-third Amendment of the Constitution</a> (Ireland)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lkerstrafgesetzbuch" title="Völkerstrafgesetzbuch">Völkerstrafgesetzbuch</a></i> (Germany)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:International_Criminal_Court_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="The seal of the International Criminal Court"><img alt="The seal of the International Criminal Court" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/International_Criminal_Court_logo.svg/100px-International_Criminal_Court_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/International_Criminal_Court_logo.svg/150px-International_Criminal_Court_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/International_Criminal_Court_logo.svg/200px-International_Criminal_Court_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="673" data-file-height="581" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Crimes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">Crimes of genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity" title="Crimes against humanity">Crimes against humanity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crime" title="War crime">War crimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_aggression" title="War of aggression">Crimes of aggression</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/States_parties_to_the_Rome_Statute" title="States parties to the Rome Statute">List of states parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_and_vice-presidents_of_the_Assembly_of_States_Parties_of_the_International_Criminal_Court" title="List of presidents and vice-presidents of the Assembly of States Parties of the International Criminal Court">Presidents and vice-presidents of the Assembly of States Parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Review_Conference_of_the_Rome_Statute_of_the_International_Criminal_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Review Conference of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court">Review Conference</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Court</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_the_International_Criminal_Court" title="Presidency of the International Criminal Court">Presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judges_of_the_International_Criminal_Court" title="Judges of the International Criminal Court">Judges</a> (elections: <a href="/wiki/2003_International_Criminal_Court_judges_election" title="2003 International Criminal Court judges election">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_International_Criminal_Court_judges_election" title="2006 International Criminal Court judges election">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_International_Criminal_Court_judges_election" title="2007 International Criminal Court judges election">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_2009_International_Criminal_Court_judges_election" title="January 2009 International Criminal Court judges election">Jan. 2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_2009_International_Criminal_Court_judges_election" title="November 2009 International Criminal Court judges election">Nov. 2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_International_Criminal_Court_judges_election" title="2011 International Criminal Court judges election">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_International_Criminal_Court_judges_election" title="2013 International Criminal Court judges election">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_International_Criminal_Court_judges_election" title="2014 International Criminal Court judges election">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_International_Criminal_Court_judges_election" title="2015 International Criminal Court judges election">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_International_Criminal_Court_judges_election" title="2017 International Criminal Court judges election">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_International_Criminal_Court_judges_election" title="2020 International Criminal Court judges election">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_International_Criminal_Court_judges_election" title="2023 International Criminal Court judges election">2023</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosecutor_of_the_International_Criminal_Court" title="Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court">Prosecutor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Investigations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigations" title="International Criminal Court investigations">Official</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_Afghanistan" title="International Criminal Court investigation in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_Bangladesh/Myanmar" title="International Criminal Court investigation in Bangladesh/Myanmar">Bangladesh/Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="International Criminal Court investigation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_Darfur" title="International Criminal Court investigation in Darfur">Darfur, Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_Georgia" title="International Criminal Court investigation in Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_Kenya" title="International Criminal Court investigation in Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_Libya" title="International Criminal Court investigation in Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_Mali" title="International Criminal Court investigation in Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_Palestine" title="International Criminal Court investigation in Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_the_Philippines" title="International Criminal Court investigation in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_Uganda" title="International Criminal Court investigation in Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_Ukraine" title="International Criminal Court investigation in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_Venezuela" title="International Criminal Court investigation in Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Complaints_to_the_International_Criminal_Court" title="Complaints to the International Criminal Court">Complaints</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_and_the_2003_invasion_of_Iraq" title="International Criminal Court and the 2003 invasion of Iraq">Iraq</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Individuals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People_detained_by_the_International_Criminal_Court" title="People detained by the International Criminal Court">Detainees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_indicted_in_the_International_Criminal_Court" title="List of people indicted in the International Criminal Court">Indictees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legal_Tools" title="Legal Tools">Legal Tools Database</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Non-Governmental_Organizations_Coalition_for_the_International_Criminal_Court" title="American Non-Governmental Organizations Coalition for the International Criminal Court">American Non-Governmental Organizations Coalition for the ICC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coalition_for_the_International_Criminal_Court" title="Coalition for the International Criminal Court">Coalition for the ICC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_and_the_International_Criminal_Court" title="European Union and the International Criminal Court">European Union and the ICC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_and_the_International_Criminal_Court" title="United States and the International Criminal Court">United States and the ICC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Day_for_International_Justice" title="World Day for International Justice">World Day for International Justice</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="International_human_rights_instruments205" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:International_human_rights_instruments" title="Template:International human rights instruments"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:International_human_rights_instruments" title="Template talk:International human rights instruments"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:International_human_rights_instruments" title="Special:EditPage/Template:International human rights instruments"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="International_human_rights_instruments205" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/International_human_rights_instruments" title="International human rights instruments">International human rights instruments</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#eeeeff; font-weight:normal;"><div id="Declarations,_manifestos,_and_resolutions205" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><b>Declarations, manifestos, and resolutions</b></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Resolution" title="Brazilian Resolution">Brazilian Resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_on_the_Granting_of_Independence_to_Colonial_Countries_and_Peoples" title="Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples">Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Declaration_of_Human_Rights" title="Universal Declaration of Human Rights">Universal Declaration of Human Rights</a> (UDHR)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cairo_Declaration_on_Human_Rights_in_Islam" title="Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam">Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_Montreal" title="Declaration of Montreal">Declaration of Montreal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_the_Rights_of_the_Child" title="Declaration of the Rights of the Child">Declaration of the Rights of the Child</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_Against_Women" title="Declaration on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women">Declaration on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women</a> (DEDAW)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_on_the_Elimination_of_Violence_Against_Women" title="Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women">Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women</a> (DEVAW)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_on_the_Rights_of_Indigenous_Peoples" title="Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples">Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples</a> (UNDRIP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQI%2B_rights_at_the_United_Nations" title="LGBTQI+ rights at the United Nations">Declaration on sexual orientation and gender identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Declaration_of_the_Rights_and_Duties_of_Man" title="American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man">American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Principles_(human_rights_standards)" title="Paris Principles (human rights standards)">Paris Principles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vienna_Declaration_and_Programme_of_Action" title="Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action">Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action</a> (VDPA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta_Principles" title="Yogyakarta Principles">Yogyakarta Principles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Declaration_on_the_Rights_of_Peasants" title="United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants">Declaration on the Rights of Peasants</a> (UNDROP)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#eeeeff; font-weight:normal;"><div id="International_law205" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><b><a href="/wiki/International_human_rights_law" title="International human rights law">International law</a></b></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_on_the_Granting_of_Independence_to_Colonial_Countries_and_Peoples" title="Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples">United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1514 (XV) Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Convention_against_Torture" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Convention against Torture">Convention against Torture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_on_the_Elimination_of_All_Forms_of_Discrimination_Against_Women" title="Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women">Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Convention_on_the_Elimination_of_All_Forms_of_Racial_Discrimination" title="International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination">Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_on_the_Political_Rights_of_Women" title="Convention on the Political Rights of Women">Convention on the Political Rights of Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_on_the_Rights_of_Persons_with_Disabilities" title="Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities">Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_on_the_Rights_of_the_Child" title="Convention on the Rights of the Child">Convention on the Rights of the Child</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_on_the_Protection_of_the_Rights_of_All_Migrant_Workers_and_Members_of_Their_Families" class="mw-redirect" title="Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families">Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apartheid_Convention" title="Apartheid Convention">International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Convention_for_the_Protection_of_All_Persons_from_Enforced_Disappearance" title="International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance">International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_and_Tribal_Peoples_Convention,_1989" title="Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989">Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Covenant_on_Civil_and_Political_Rights" title="International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights">International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Covenant_on_Economic,_Social_and_Cultural_Rights" title="International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights">International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#eeeeff; font-weight:normal;"><div id="Regional_law205" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><b>Regional law</b></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Charter_on_Human_and_Peoples%27_Rights" title="African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights">African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maputo_Protocol" title="Maputo Protocol">Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa (Maputo Protocol)</a></li></ul></li> <li>European <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Convention_on_Human_Rights" title="European Convention on Human Rights">Convention on Human Rights (ECHR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Convention_for_the_Prevention_of_Torture_and_Inhuman_or_Degrading_Treatment_or_Punishment" title="European Convention for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment">Convention for the Prevention of Torture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Convention_on_Nationality" title="European Convention on Nationality">European Convention on Nationality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Framework_Convention_for_the_Protection_of_National_Minorities" title="Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities">Convention for the Protection of National Minorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Social_Charter" title="European Social Charter">Social Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_on_preventing_and_combating_violence_against_women_and_domestic_violence" class="mw-redirect" title="Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence">Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence (Istanbul Convention)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Convention_on_Human_Rights" title="American Convention on Human Rights">American Convention on Human Rights</a></li> <li>Inter-American Convention <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Convention_to_Prevent_and_Punish_Torture" title="Inter-American Convention to Prevent and Punish Torture">to Prevent and Punish Torture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Convention_on_the_Elimination_of_all_Forms_of_Discrimination_Against_Persons_with_Disabilities" title="Inter-American Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Persons with Disabilities">on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Persons with Disabilities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bel%C3%A9m_do_Par%C3%A1_Convention" title="Belém do Pará Convention">on the Prevention, Punishment, and Eradication of Violence against Women (Belém do Pará Convention)</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#eeeeff; font-weight:normal;"><div id="International_humanitarian_law205" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><b><a href="/wiki/International_humanitarian_law" title="International humanitarian law">International humanitarian law</a></b></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genocide_Convention" title="Genocide Convention">Genocide Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_Relating_to_the_Status_of_Refugees" title="Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees">Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protocol_Relating_to_the_Status_of_Refugees" title="Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees">Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_on_the_Reduction_of_Statelessness" title="Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness">Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_Conventions" title="Geneva Conventions">Geneva Conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hague_Conventions_of_1899_and_1907" title="Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907">Hague Conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rome_Statute_of_the_International_Criminal_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court">Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court</a></li></ul> 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