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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Đăng nhập</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Thêm tùy chọn" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Công cụ cá nhân" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Công cụ cá nhân</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Bảng chọn thành viên" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=vi.wikipedia.org&uselang=vi"><span>Quyên góp</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:M%E1%BB%9F_t%C3%A0i_kho%E1%BA%A3n&returnto=Bom+%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng+%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t" title="Bạn được khuyến khích mở tài khoản và đăng nhập; tuy nhiên, không bắt buộc phải có tài khoản"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Tạo tài khoản</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:%C4%90%C4%83ng_nh%E1%BA%ADp&returnto=Bom+%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng+%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t" title="Đăng nhập sẽ có lợi hơn, tuy nhiên không bắt buộc. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Đăng nhập</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Trang dành cho người dùng chưa đăng nhập <a href="/wiki/Tr%E1%BB%A3_gi%C3%BAp:Gi%E1%BB%9Bi_thi%E1%BB%87u" aria-label="Tìm hiểu thêm về sửa đổi"><span>tìm hiểu thêm</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:%C4%90%C3%B3ng_g%C3%B3p_c%E1%BB%A7a_t%C3%B4i" title="Danh sách các sửa đổi được thực hiện qua địa chỉ IP này [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Đóng góp</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Th%E1%BA%A3o_lu%E1%BA%ADn_t%C3%B4i" title="Thảo luận với địa chỉ IP này [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Thảo luận cho địa chỉ IP này</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Trang Web"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Nội dung" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Nội dung</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">chuyển sang thanh bên</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ẩn</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Đầu</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Lịch_sử_hình_thành_và_phát_triển" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lịch_sử_hình_thành_và_phát_triển"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Lịch sử hình thành và phát triển</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lịch_sử_hình_thành_và_phát_triển-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sử_dụng" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sử_dụng"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Sử dụng</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sử_dụng-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Các_thông_số_kỹ_thuật" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Các_thông_số_kỹ_thuật"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Các thông số kỹ thuật</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Các_thông_số_kỹ_thuật-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Xem_thêm" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Xem_thêm"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Xem thêm</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Xem_thêm-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ghi_chú" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ghi_chú"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ghi chú</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ghi_chú-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tham_khảo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tham_khảo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Tham khảo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tham_khảo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nguồn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nguồn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Nguồn</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nguồn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Nội dung" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Mục lục" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Đóng mở mục lục" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Đóng mở mục lục</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bom động đất</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Xem bài viết trong ngôn ngữ khác. Bài có sẵn trong 22 ngôn ngữ" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 ngôn ngữ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Slam_(bom)" title="Grand Slam (bom) – Tiếng Hà Lan (Nam Phi)" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Grand Slam (bom)" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hà Lan (Nam Phi)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_(%D9%82%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A9)" title="غراند سلام (قنبلة) – Tiếng Ả Rập" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غراند سلام (قنبلة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ả Rập" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Slam_(Bombe)" title="Grand Slam (Bombe) – Tiếng Đức" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Grand Slam (Bombe)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Đức" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Slam_(bomb)" title="Grand Slam (bomb) – Tiếng Anh" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Grand Slam (bomb)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Anh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bomba_Grand_Slam" title="Bomba Grand Slam – Tiếng Tây Ban Nha" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bomba Grand Slam" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tây Ban Nha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Slam_(bombe)" title="Grand Slam (bombe) – Tiếng Pháp" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Grand Slam (bombe)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Pháp" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Slam_(bom)" title="Grand Slam (bom) – Tiếng Frisia" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Grand Slam (bom)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Frisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Slam_(bomba)" title="Grand Slam (bomba) – Tiếng Italy" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Grand Slam (bomba)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Italy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A6%D7%A6%D7%AA_%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%93_%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%9D" title="פצצת גרנד סלאם – Tiếng Do Thái" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פצצת גרנד סלאם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Do Thái" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Slam_(bom)" title="Grand Slam (bom) – Tiếng Hà Lan" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Grand Slam (bom)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hà Lan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%82%B9%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A0_(%E7%88%86%E5%BC%BE)" title="グランドスラム (爆弾) – Tiếng Nhật" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="グランドスラム (爆弾)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Nhật" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Slam-bombe" title="Grand Slam-bombe – Tiếng Na Uy (Bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Grand Slam-bombe" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Na Uy (Bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88_%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%A8%D9%85%D8%A8" title="گرینڈ سلیم بمب – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="گرینڈ سلیم بمب" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Slam" title="Grand Slam – Tiếng Ba Lan" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Grand Slam" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ba Lan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Slam_(bomba)" title="Grand Slam (bomba) – Tiếng Bồ Đào Nha" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Grand Slam (bomba)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bồ Đào Nha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Slam_(%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B0)" title="Grand Slam (бомба) – Tiếng Nga" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Grand Slam (бомба)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Nga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Slam_(bomba)" title="Grand Slam (bomba) – Tiếng Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Grand Slam (bomba)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Slam_(pommi)" title="Grand Slam (pommi) – Tiếng Phần Lan" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Grand Slam (pommi)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Phần Lan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Slam_(bomb)" title="Grand Slam (bomb) – Tiếng Thụy Điển" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Grand Slam (bomb)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thụy Điển" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Slam_(bomba)" title="Grand Slam (bomba) – Tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Grand Slam (bomba)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Slam_(%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B0)" title="Grand Slam (бомба) – Tiếng Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Grand Slam (бомба)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%BB%BF%E8%B2%AB%E7%82%B8%E5%BD%88" title="大滿貫炸彈 – Tiếng Trung" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="大滿貫炸彈" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Trung" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1366888#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sửa liên kết giữa ngôn ngữ" class="wbc-editpage">Sửa liên kết</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Không gian tên"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bom_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t" title="Xem bài viết [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bài viết</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Th%E1%BA%A3o_lu%E1%BA%ADn:Bom_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t" rel="discussion" title="Thảo luận về trang này [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Thảo luận</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Thay đổi biến thể ngôn ngữ" > <label 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href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Thay_%C4%91%E1%BB%95i_li%C3%AAn_quan/Bom_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t" rel="nofollow" title="Thay đổi gần đây của các trang liên kết đến đây [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Thay đổi liên quan</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bom_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t&oldid=70390373" title="Liên kết thường trực đến phiên bản này của trang"><span>Liên kết thường trực</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bom_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t&action=info" title="Thêm chi tiết về trang này"><span>Thông tin trang</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Tr%C3%ADch_d%E1%BA%ABn&page=Bom_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t&id=70390373&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Hướng dẫn cách trích dẫn trang này"><span>Trích dẫn trang này</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a 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href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:DownloadAsPdf&page=Bom_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t&action=show-download-screen"><span>Tải dưới dạng PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bom_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t&printable=yes" title="Bản để in ra của trang [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Bản để in ra</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tại dự án khác </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Grand_Slam_bomb" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1366888" title="Liên kết đến khoản mục kết nối trong kho dữ liệu [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Khoản mục Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Công cụ trang"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Giao diện"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Giao diện</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">chuyển sang thanh bên</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ẩn</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Bách khoa toàn thư mở Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="vi" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r72032465">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}.mw-parser-output .infobox--nowrap-label :not(.infobox-row--wrap-label)>.infobox-label{white-space:nowrap}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above hproduct" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"><span class="fn org">Grand Slam</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:British_Grand_Slam_bomb.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/British_Grand_Slam_bomb.jpg/300px-British_Grand_Slam_bomb.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/British_Grand_Slam_bomb.jpg/450px-British_Grand_Slam_bomb.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/British_Grand_Slam_bomb.jpg/600px-British_Grand_Slam_bomb.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5500" data-file-height="3665" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Một quả bom Grand Slam đang được xử lý<br /> tại <a href="/w/index.php?title=RAF_Woodhall_Spa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RAF Woodhall Spa (trang không tồn tại)">RAF Woodhall Spa</a> ở Lincolnshire</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Loại</th><td class="infobox-data">Bom động đất</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Nơi chế tạo</th><td class="infobox-data">Vương quốc Anh</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Lược sử hoạt động</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Phục vụ</th><td class="infobox-data">1945</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Sử dụng bởi</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kh%C3%B4ng_qu%C3%A2n_Ho%C3%A0ng_gia_Anh" title="Không quân Hoàng gia Anh">Không quân Hoàng gia Anh</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Trận</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chi%E1%BA%BFn_tranh_th%E1%BA%BF_gi%E1%BB%9Bi_th%E1%BB%A9_hai" title="Chiến tranh thế giới thứ hai">Chiến tranh thế giới thứ hai</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Lược sử chế tạo</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Người thiết kế</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barnes_Wallis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barnes Wallis (trang không tồn tại)">Barnes Wallis</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Năm thiết kế</th><td class="infobox-data">1943</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Nhà sản xuất</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vickers (trang không tồn tại)">Vickers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sheffield" title="Sheffield">Sheffield</a> <br />Công ty Clyde Alloy/Steel Company của Scotland, Blochairn, Glasgow</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Giai đoạn sản xuất</th><td class="infobox-data">1944–1945</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Số lượng chế tạo</th><td class="infobox-data">42 đã qua sử dụng, 99 được chế tạo bởi Clyde Alloy và A. O. Smith Corporation của Hoa Kỳ<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFlower2004appendix_4_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlower2004appendix_4-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <dl><dd><ul><li>Quả bom đầu tiên được thử nghiệm tại phạm vi ném bom Ashley Walk trong <a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Forest&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="New Forest (trang không tồn tại)">New Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bielefeld_viaduct&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bielefeld viaduct (trang không tồn tại)">Bielefeld viaduct</a>: 1</li> <li>Cầu cạn <a href="/wiki/Arnsberg" title="Arnsberg">Arnsberg</a>: 7</li> <li>Cầu Arbergen: 2</li> <li>Cầu cạn <a href="/wiki/Nienburg/Weser" title="Nienburg/Weser">Nienburg/Weser</a>: 5</li> <li>Cầu <a href="/wiki/Bremen" title="Bremen">Bremen</a>: 5+1 bị đánh sập</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Farge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Farge (trang không tồn tại)">Farge</a> U-boat shelter: 12+1 bị đánh sập</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a> U-boat shelter: 2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helgoland" title="Helgoland">Helgoland</a> coastal batteries: 6</li> <li>Số lượng không rõ được thử nghiệm sau chiến tranh<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWebsterFrankland1994203_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWebsterFrankland1994203-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></dd></dl> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Các biến thể</th><td class="infobox-data">M110 (T-14) 22,000-lb GP Bomb (Hoa Kỳ)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERuby194611–12_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERuby194611–12-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Thông số</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Khối lượng</th><td class="infobox-data">22.000 lb (10.000 kg)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Chiều dài</th><td class="infobox-data">26 ft 6 in (8,08 m)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Độ dài</th><td class="infobox-data">Đuôi 13 ft 6 in (4,11 m)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Đường kính</th><td class="infobox-data">3 ft 10 in (1,17 m)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Thuốc nhồi</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Torpex" title="Torpex">Torpex</a> D1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Trọng lượng thuốc nhồi</th><td class="infobox-data">9.500 lb (4.309 kg)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><div style="line-height:1.25em">Cơ cấu nổ<br />mechanism</div></th><td class="infobox-data">penetration, earth: 40 m (130 ft) <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFlight1946_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlight1946-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> concrete: 6 m (20 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFlight1946_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlight1946-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Sức nổ</th><td class="infobox-data">6.5 tấn <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_n%E1%BB%95" title="Đương lượng nổ">Đương lượng nổ</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Bom động đất</b> Grand Slam (Earthquake bomb) là loại bom hàng không cỡ rất lớn được thiết kế và chế tạo bởi nhà thiết kế người <a href="/wiki/Anh" title="Anh">Anh</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barnes_Wallis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barnes Wallis (trang không tồn tại)">Barnes Wallis</a> vào cuối năm 1944. Với <a href="/wiki/Kh%E1%BB%91i_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng" title="Khối lượng">khối lượng</a> khoảng 22.000 <a href="/wiki/Pound_(%C4%91%E1%BB%8Bnh_h%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bng)" class="mw-disambig" title="Pound (định hướng)">pound</a>, tương đương với khoảng 10 <a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%A5n" title="Tấn">tấn</a>, bom Grand Slam có khối lượng lớn gấp 2 lần loại bom cỡ lớn 12.000 lb <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tallboy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tallboy (trang không tồn tại)">Tallboy</a> cũng của ông chế tạo trước đó. Cả hai loại bom này nhằm mục đích sử dụng để phá hủy những tòa nhà lớn có cấu trúc kiên cố và các công trình các bom loại nhỏ hơn không có hiệu quả. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lịch_sử_hình_thành_và_phát_triển"><span id="L.E1.BB.8Bch_s.E1.BB.AD_h.C3.ACnh_th.C3.A0nh_v.C3.A0_ph.C3.A1t_tri.E1.BB.83n"></span>Lịch sử hình thành và phát triển</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bom_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sửa đổi phần “Lịch sử hình thành và phát triển”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bom_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t&action=edit&section=1" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Lịch sử hình thành và phát triển"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ý tưởng về bom động đất đã được <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barnes_Wallis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barnes Wallis (trang không tồn tại)">Barnes Wallis</a> tìm hiểu khi <a href="/wiki/Chi%E1%BA%BFn_tranh_th%E1%BA%BF_gi%E1%BB%9Bi_l%E1%BA%A7n_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Chiến tranh thế giới lần II">Chiến tranh thế giới lần II</a> bắt đầu nhưng thời điểm đó không một máy bay nào có thể mang được quả bom nặng 10 tấn do ông vạch ra nên thiết kế của ông bị xếp xó. Wallis quay trở lại với thiết sau đó vào khoảng năm 1943, quả bom động đất đầu tiên ông phát triển là quả bom nặng 5 tấn <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tallboy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tallboy (trang không tồn tại)">Tallboy</a>. Nó đã chứng minh khả năng hủy diệt lớn, kể cả những cấu trúc được bảo vệ kiên cố. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sử_dụng"><span id="S.E1.BB.AD_d.E1.BB.A5ng"></span>Sử dụng</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bom_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sửa đổi phần “Sử dụng”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bom_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t&action=edit&section=2" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Sử dụng"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chỉ có loại <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1y_bay_n%C3%A9m_bom" title="Máy bay ném bom">máy bay ném bom</a> đặc biệt B.Mk1 (biến thể của <a href="/wiki/Avro_Lancaster" title="Avro Lancaster">Avro Lancaster</a>) có thể mang được một quả một lần. Nó được thả từ độ cao 22.000 <a href="/wiki/Foot" title="Foot">foot</a> (6700 m), độ cao này hạn chế độ chính xác của nó. Bom Grand Slam được sử dụng lần đầu tiên vào ngày 14 tháng 3 năm 1945 bởi đội bay 617 của <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%E1%BB%B1c_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_Kh%C3%B4ng_qu%C3%A2n_Ho%C3%A0ng_gia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lực lượng Không quân Hoàng gia (trang không tồn tại)">Lực lượng Không quân Hoàng gia</a> tấn công vào cầu hầm cho xe lửa Bielefeld làm phá hủy hai nhịp cầu. </p><p>Cầu hầm ở Arnsberg cũng bị ném bom vào ngày 15 tháng 3 năm 1945 bằng 2 quả bom Grand Slam và 14 quả bom Tallboy nhưng chúng không làm sập được cầu này. Bốn ngày sau đó, vào ngày 19 tháng 3 năm 1945 một cuộc tấn công khác do phi đội bay 617 sử dụng 6 quả Grand Slam đã thành công, làm 12m cầu bị sập xuống. </p><p>Grand Slam cũng thành công trong việc phá hủy những bến <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A0u_ng%E1%BA%A7m" title="Tàu ngầm">tàu ngầm</a> như Huuge và Brest. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Các_thông_số_kỹ_thuật"><span id="C.C3.A1c_th.C3.B4ng_s.E1.BB.91_k.E1.BB.B9_thu.E1.BA.ADt"></span>Các thông số kỹ thuật</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bom_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sửa đổi phần “Các thông số kỹ thuật”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bom_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t&action=edit&section=3" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Các thông số kỹ thuật"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chi%E1%BB%81u_d%C3%A0i" title="Chiều dài">Chiều dài</a> tổng cộng: 7,70 m (gồm đuôi và thân)</li> <li>Chiều dài đuôi: 4,11 m</li> <li>Đường kính: 1,17 m</li> <li>Khối lượng: 9.98 tấn (22.000 bảng)</li> <li>Khối lượng đầu đạn: 4.144 kg (9.135 bảng)</li> <li>Loại thuốc nổ "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Torpex_D1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torpex D1 (trang không tồn tại)">Torpex D1</a>"</li> <li>Số lượng đã sử dụng: 41 quả</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Xem_thêm"><span id="Xem_th.C3.AAm"></span>Xem thêm</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bom_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sửa đổi phần “Xem thêm”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bom_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t&action=edit&section=4" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Xem thêm"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=GBU-43&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GBU-43 (trang không tồn tại)">GBU-43</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=GBU-28&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GBU-28 (trang không tồn tại)">GBU-28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BLU-82" title="BLU-82">BLU-82</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T12" class="mw-redirect" title="T12">T12</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ghi_chú"><span id="Ghi_ch.C3.BA"></span>Ghi chú</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bom_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sửa đổi phần “Ghi chú”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bom_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t&action=edit&section=5" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Ghi chú"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r71728118">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Torpex" title="Torpex">Torpex</a> is 50 per cent more powerful than TNT. Truman described the <a href="/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy">Little Boy</a> bomb (yield > 13 <a href="/wiki/Kiloton" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiloton">Kilotons</a>) against Hiroshima in terms of the Grand Slam, "...more than two thousand times the blast power of the British Grand Slam". <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETruman2008_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETruman2008-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tham_khảo"><span id="Tham_kh.E1.BA.A3o"></span>Tham khảo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bom_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sửa đổi phần “Tham khảo”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bom_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t&action=edit&section=6" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Tham khảo"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r71728118" /><div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlower2004appendix_4-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFlower2004appendix_4_1-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFlower2004">Flower 2004</a>, appendix 4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWebsterFrankland1994203-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWebsterFrankland1994203_2-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWebsterFrankland1994">Webster & Frankland 1994</a>, tr. 203.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERuby194611–12-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERuby194611–12_3-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRuby1946">Ruby 1946</a>, tr. 11–12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlight1946-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFlight1946_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFlight1946_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFlight1946">Flight 1946</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETruman2008-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETruman2008_5-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTruman2008">Truman 2008</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nguồn"><span id="Ngu.E1.BB.93n"></span>Nguồn</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bom_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sửa đổi phần “Nguồn”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bom_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t&action=edit&section=7" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Nguồn"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41642734">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{list-style-type:none;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>dl>dd{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r72042645">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"“""”""‘""’"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFFlight1946" class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1946/1946%20-%201045.html">“Bombs Versus Concrete”</a>. <i>Flight</i>. <b>XLIX</b> (1953). 30 tháng 5 năm 1946<span 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AAF Proving Ground, Eglin Field, Florida. 31 tháng 10 năm 1946. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a065940.pdf">Bản gốc</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> lưu trữ ngày 14 tháng 4 năm 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 12 tháng 11 năm 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Comparative+Test+of+the+Effectiveness+of+Large+Bombs+against+Large+Reinforced+Concrete+Structures&rft.pub=AAF+Proving+Ground%2C+Eglin+Field%2C+Florida&rft.date=1946-10-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dtic.mil%2Fdtic%2Ftr%2Ffulltext%2Fu2%2Fa065940.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3ABom+%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng+%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r72042645" /><cite id="CITEREFCooper1991" class="citation book cs1">Cooper, A. W. 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Barnsley: Pen & Sword Military Classics. tr. 252. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/1-84415-210-3" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/1-84415-210-3"><bdi>1-84415-210-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bomber+Offensive&rft.place=Barnsley&rft.pages=252&rft.pub=Pen+%26+Sword+Military+Classics&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1-84415-210-3&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=Sir+Arthur&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3ABom+%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng+%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r72042645" /><cite id="CITEREFKharinKuzminaDanilova1972" class="citation web cs1">Kharin, D. A.; Kuzmina, I. V.; Danilova, T. I. 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London: <a href="/w/index.php?title=HMSO&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HMSO (trang không tồn tại)">HMSO</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/0-89839-205-5" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/0-89839-205-5"><bdi>0-89839-205-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Strategic+Air+Offensive+Against+Germany+1939%E2%80%931945%3A+Victory+%28Part+5%29&rft.place=London&rft.series=History+of+the+Second+World+War+United+Kingdom+Military+Series&rft.edition=facs.+repr.+Imperial+War+Museum+Department+of+Printed+Books+and+The+Battery+Press%2C+London+and+Nashville&rft.pub=HMSO&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-89839-205-5&rft.aulast=Webster&rft.aufirst=C.&rft.au=Frankland%2C+N.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3ABom+%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng+%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r72042645" /><cite id="CITEREFWebsterFrankland2006" class="citation book cs1">Webster, C.; Frankland, N. (1994) [1961]. Butler, J. R. M. (biên tập). <i>The Strategic Air Offensive against Germany 1939–1945: Annexes & Appendices</i>. History of the Second World War United Kingdom Military Series. <b>IV</b> . London: HMSO. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-1-84574-350-5" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-1-84574-350-5"><bdi>978-1-84574-350-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Strategic+Air+Offensive+against+Germany+1939%E2%80%931945%3A+Annexes+%26+Appendices&rft.place=London&rft.series=History+of+the+Second+World+War+United+Kingdom+Military+Series&rft.edition=facs.+repr.+The+Naval+%26+Military+Press%2C+Uckfield&rft.pub=HMSO&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-1-84574-350-5&rft.aulast=Webster&rft.aufirst=C.&rft.au=Frankland%2C+N.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3ABom+%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng+%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r72019927">.mw-parser-output #stub{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Baustelle.svg");background-position:center left;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:32px;padding-left:40px}</style><div class="boilerplate metadata plainlinks" id="stub"><table class="metadata plainlinks stub" style="background: transparent;" role="presentation"><tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Icon_vojn.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Hình tượng sơ khai" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Icon_vojn.svg/40px-Icon_vojn.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Icon_vojn.svg/60px-Icon_vojn.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Icon_vojn.svg/80px-Icon_vojn.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="126" data-file-height="133" /></a></span></td> <td><i>Bài viết liên quan đến <a href="/wiki/V%C5%A9_kh%C3%AD" title="Vũ khí">vũ khí</a> này vẫn còn <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:B%C3%A0i_s%C6%A1_khai" title="Wikipedia:Bài sơ khai">sơ khai</a>. 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Bản_mẫu:Cvt"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.209","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":7160882,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFCooper1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFlight1946\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFlower2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHarris2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKharinKuzminaDanilova1972\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLake2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMiddlebrookEveritt2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNichol2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRuby1946\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTruman2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWard2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWebsterFrankland1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWebsterFrankland2006\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Chú thích sách\"] = 9,\n [\"Chú thích tạp chí\"] = 1,\n [\"Chú thích web\"] = 3,\n [\"Cite report\"] = 1,\n [\"Cvt\"] = 7,\n [\"Efn\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvid\"] = 3,\n [\"Infobox weapon\"] = 1,\n [\"Notelist\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Refend\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 6,\n [\"Sơ khai vũ khí\"] = 1,\n [\"Tham khảo\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-6697857744-5lglq","timestamp":"20250306211532","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Bom \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t","url":"https:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bom_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1366888","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1366888","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Wikimedia"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Qu\u1ef9 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