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class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Fort_Greely&params=63_58_23_N_145_43_05_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">63°58′23″N</span> <span class="longitude">145°43′05″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">63.97306°N 145.71806°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">63.97306; -145.71806</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">U.S. Army anti-ballistic missile launch site</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the military base near Fairbanks, Alaska. For the census-designated place, see <a href="/wiki/Fort_Greely,_Alaska" title="Fort Greely, Alaska">Fort Greely, Alaska</a>. For the former military base on Kodiak Island, see <a href="/wiki/Base_Support_Unit_Kodiak" class="mw-redirect" title="Base Support Unit Kodiak">Base Support Unit Kodiak</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Interceptor_Missile.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Interceptor_Missile.jpg/260px-Interceptor_Missile.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="352" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Interceptor_Missile.jpg/390px-Interceptor_Missile.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Interceptor_Missile.jpg/520px-Interceptor_Missile.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1771" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Ground-Based_Interceptor" title="Ground-Based Interceptor">Ground-Based Interceptor</a>, designed to destroy incoming <a href="/wiki/ICBM" class="mw-redirect" title="ICBM">ICBMs</a>, is lowered into its <a href="/wiki/Missile_silo" class="mw-redirect" title="Missile silo">silo</a> at the missile defense complex at Fort Greely, July 22, 2004.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Fort Greely</b> is a <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> <a href="/wiki/Launch_site" class="mw-redirect" title="Launch site">launch site</a> for <a href="/wiki/Anti-ballistic_missile" title="Anti-ballistic missile">anti-ballistic missiles</a> located about 100 miles (160 km) southeast of <a href="/wiki/Fairbanks,_Alaska" title="Fairbanks, Alaska">Fairbanks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a>. It is also the home of the Cold Regions Test Center (CRTC), as Fort Greely is one of the coldest areas in Alaska, and can accommodate cold, extreme-cold, and temperate-weather tests depending on the season. It is named in honor of Major General <a href="/wiki/Adolphus_Washington_Greely" class="mw-redirect" title="Adolphus Washington Greely">Adolphus Greely</a>. </p><p>There was an earlier Fort Greely on <a href="/wiki/Kodiak_Island" title="Kodiak Island">Kodiak Island</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-kadiak_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kadiak-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_Greely&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_early_years">The early years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_Greely&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: The early years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The camp was established in 1942 as Big Delta Army Air Field. During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Highway" title="Alaska Highway">Alaska Highway</a> was built to connect a road in <a href="/wiki/Dawson_Creek" title="Dawson Creek">Dawson Creek</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia" title="British Columbia">British Columbia</a>, Canada with the <a href="/wiki/Richardson_Highway" title="Richardson Highway">Richardson Highway</a> in Alaska, a distance of 1,423 miles (2290 km). The Alaska Highway met the Richardson Highway at <a href="/wiki/Delta_Junction" class="mw-redirect" title="Delta Junction">Delta Junction</a>, five miles (8 km) north on the Richardson Highway from what is now Fort Greely. The United States used the base to help the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> fight <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> and <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> by sending airplanes and supplies authorized by the <a href="/wiki/Lend-lease" class="mw-redirect" title="Lend-lease">Lend-lease</a> act through Alaska and into the Soviet Far East. The name was later changed to <a href="/wiki/Allen_Army_Airfield" title="Allen Army Airfield">Allen Army Airfield</a>. After World War II, Fort Greely was built south of the airfield. A School for Children of troops stationed at the facility was built with Class instruction for all grades. The School was named "Mount Hayes School".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>After World War II, the War Department decided that an American soldier must be able to live and operate in any degree of cold.<sup id="cite_ref-CRTC_History_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CRTC_History-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This decision was based on experience gained in combat and predictions of future possibilities for international obligations. A group of task forces was therefore organized to test U.S. Army equipment in the cold. Task Force Frigid and Task Force Williwaw were dispatched to Alaska during the winters of 1946 and 1947. A related trial unit, Task Force Frost, incorporated elements of the <a href="/wiki/66th_Armored_Regiment" class="mw-redirect" title="66th Armored Regiment">66th Armored Regiment</a> and underwent tests in <a href="/wiki/Camp_McCoy" class="mw-redirect" title="Camp McCoy">Camp McCoy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> at roughly the same time.<sup id="cite_ref-2ndarmored_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2ndarmored-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Settling_in">Settling in</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_Greely&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Settling in"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The information and data collected by task force personnel was a beginning, but it took time for men to be transported, to set up quarters for a short period of actual testing, and then pack up and leave until the next year. The expense of moving in and out was taken into consideration when the final reports were filed. When questions arose concerning the reports, there was no one available to answer them, for the task forces had been disbanded, and the personnel returned to their home units. The major shortcomings of these task forces included having insufficient time to establish units on test sites, the lack of acclimatization period for both personnel and equipment and a lack of continuity. Based on these results, it was recommended that a permanent test organization be established, with test groups representing each of the "Army Field Force Boards" located in the "<a href="/wiki/Zone_of_the_Interior" class="mw-redirect" title="Zone of the Interior">Zone of the Interior</a>." </p><p>In 1949, the Department of the Army ordered the organization of the Arctic Test Branch at Big Delta Air Force Base, Alaska (now known as Fort Greely). A cadre for the organization was activated at Fort Knox, Kentucky, in March 1949, by the transfer of personnel from each of the "Army Field Force Boards." The organization moved to Alaska in July 1949 and test operations were initiated. Shortly thereafter, the organization name was changed to the Arctic Training Center. In 1957, it was renamed the U.S. Army Arctic Test Board, with the mission of conducting Arctic service tests of all Army field equipment. </p><p>From 1955, Fort Greely and a huge tract of land around it (withdrawn from the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Interior" title="United States Department of the Interior">Department of the Interior</a>) were used for training soldiers for cold-weather combat during the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> with the former <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>. </p><p>In the early 1960s, the Army built a nuclear electrical power plant, SM-1A, at Fort Greely as part of the <a href="/wiki/Army_Nuclear_Power_Program" title="Army Nuclear Power Program">Army Nuclear Power Program</a>, which built similar operational plants in Antarctica, Greenland, the Panama Canal Zone, Virginia, and Wyoming. The initial operators at Fort Greely were military NCOs, but civilians were later hired. The plant operated until 1972.<sup id="cite_ref-DoE_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DoE-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 1962, as a result of the reorganization of the Army, the Arctic Test Board was established as a Class II activity and placed under the command of the U.S. Army Test and Evaluation Command (TECOM). The Board was later renamed the Arctic Test Center and expanded to absorb the Research and Development Office, Alaska, the Technical Services Test Activity, and the General Equipment Test Branch, all located at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Wainwright,_Alaska" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Wainwright, Alaska">Fort Wainwright, Alaska</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Chemical_Corps" title="Chemical Corps">Chemical Corps</a> Test Activity at Fort Greely. In 1976, the U.S. Army Arctic Test Center was renamed the U.S. Army Cold Regions Test Center. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_modern_era">The modern era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_Greely&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: The modern era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1991, when the Cold War ended with the collapse of the Soviet Union, the number of soldiers at Fort Greely was reduced. </p><p>In 1995, operations at Fort Greely were slated for further reductions to save money. Only the Cold Regions Test Center (CRTC) and Public Works functions were to remain on the installation. Large portions of the post were to be closed and, at one point, the main post was to be turned over to the city of Delta Junction for use as a private prison. Ultimately, plans for the prison fell through. In 2001, headquarters for the Northern Warfare Training Center and Cold Regions Test Center were moved to nearby Fort Wainwright. Various training ranges were also transferred to Fort Wainwright and renamed Donnelly Training Area. Although its command moved, CRTC continued to operate from Fort Greely. The Northern Warfare Training Center also continued operations at Black Rapids Training Facility. </p><p>After the United States announced that it would withdraw from the <a href="/wiki/Anti-Ballistic_Missile_Treaty" title="Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty">Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty</a>, Fort Greely was selected as a site for the <a href="/wiki/Ground-Based_Midcourse_Defense" title="Ground-Based Midcourse Defense">Ground-Based Midcourse Defense</a> system. Starting in the summer of 2002, the United States government began work on the missile defense installation at Fort Greely, planning to deploy a total of 25 to 30 anti-ballistic missiles by 2010. Concurrently, the <a href="/wiki/Missile_Defense_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Missile Defense Command">Missile Defense Command</a> took command of Fort Greely, relinquishing direct Army control, while the Army retained control of the nearby Donnelly Training Area. </p><p>In 2005, the CRTC headquarters was moved from Fort Wainwright back to Fort Greely. Though testing efforts remain centered at the Bolio Lake Range Complex – now part of Fort Wainwright – numerous support functions remain on Fort Greely's Main Post. </p><p>In December 2014, Congress approved $50 million to increase the number of interceptor missiles at Fort Greely from 26 to 40 as part of a missile-defense expansion announced in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-ArmyTimes_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArmyTimes-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="North_Korea_missile_defense">North Korea missile defense</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_Greely&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: North Korea missile defense"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/North_Korean_ballistic_missile_program" class="mw-redirect" title="North Korean ballistic missile program">North Korean ballistic missile program</a></div> <p>With the continued development of an <a href="/wiki/Intercontinental_ballistic_missile" title="Intercontinental ballistic missile">intercontinental ballistic missile</a> program by <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a>, Fort Greely may be slated for an expansion. Fort Greely is currently one of the two U.S. sites housing <a href="/wiki/Anti-ballistic_missile" title="Anti-ballistic missile">anti-ballistic missile</a> interceptor missiles, and it is near the <a href="/wiki/Great_circle" title="Great circle">Great circle</a> line from North Korea to the contiguous United States. Expansion of its capabilities may be required to protect Alaska and the West Coast of the United States from possible North Korean attacks.<sup id="cite_ref-NewYorkTimes_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NewYorkTimes-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_Greely&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Greely,_Alaska" title="Fort Greely, Alaska">Fort Greely, Alaska</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_Greely&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-kadiak-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-kadiak_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFStevens2016" class="citation web cs1">Stevens, Joe (April 7, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kadiak.org/index.html">"Kodiak Alaska Military History"</a>. <i>www.kadiak.org</i>. Kodiak Military History Museum<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kadiak.org&rft.atitle=Kodiak+Alaska+Military+History&rft.date=2016-04-07&rft.aulast=Stevens&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kadiak.org%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+Greely" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on a self-published source. (July 2016)">self-published source?</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CRTC_History-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CRTC_History_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160630032404/http://www.crtc.army.mil/history.html">"History"</a>. <i>Cold Region Test Center</i>. United States Army. n.d. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crtc.army.mil/history.html">the original</a> on June 30, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cold+Region+Test+Center&rft.atitle=History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.crtc.army.mil%2Fhistory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+Greely" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2ndarmored-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2ndarmored_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.2ndarmoredhellonwheels.com/units/66th.html">"66th Armored Regiment"</a>. <i>www.2ndarmoredhellonwheels.com</i>. 2nd Armored Division Association. n.d<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.2ndarmoredhellonwheels.com&rft.atitle=66th+Armored+Regiment&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.2ndarmoredhellonwheels.com%2Funits%2F66th.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+Greely" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on a self-published source. (July 2016)">self-published source?</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DoE-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DoE_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_Department_of_Energy2001" class="citation report cs1">United States Department of Energy (January 2001). "Appendix D: Military reactors". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fas.org/sgp/othergov/doe/heu/appd.pdf">Highly Enriched Uranium</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). p. 147<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Highly+Enriched+Uranium&rft.pages=147&rft.date=2001-01&rft.au=United+States+Department+of+Energy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fas.org%2Fsgp%2Fothergov%2Fdoe%2Fheu%2Fappd.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+Greely" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ArmyTimes-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ArmyTimes_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.armytimes.com/story/military/capitol-hill/2014/12/16/greely-missile-defense/20504345/">"Fort Greely to get $50 million toward missile defense system"</a>. <i>Army Times</i>. Associated Press. December 16, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Army+Times&rft.atitle=Fort+Greely+to+get+%2450+million+toward+missile+defense+system&rft.date=2014-12-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.armytimes.com%2Fstory%2Fmilitary%2Fcapitol-hill%2F2014%2F12%2F16%2Fgreely-missile-defense%2F20504345%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+Greely" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NewYorkTimes-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NewYorkTimes_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBumillerSanger2011" class="citation news cs1">Bumiller, Elisabeth; Sanger, David E. (January 12, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/12/world/asia/12military.html">"Gates Warns of North Korea Missile Threat to U.S."</a> <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Gates+Warns+of+North+Korea+Missile+Threat+to+U.S.&rft.date=2011-01-12&rft.aulast=Bumiller&rft.aufirst=Elisabeth&rft.au=Sanger%2C+David+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F01%2F12%2Fworld%2Fasia%2F12military.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+Greely" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_Greely&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greely.army.mil/">Fort Greely Homepage</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110722175622/http://www.greely.army.mil/">Archived</a> July 22, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (official site)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160630032404/http://www.crtc.army.mil/history.html">Fort Greely History</a> (official site)</li></ul> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Fort_Greely&params=63_58_23_N_145_43_05_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">63°58′23″N</span> <span class="longitude">145°43′05″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">63.97306°N 145.71806°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">63.97306; -145.71806</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Current_military_installations_in_Alaska" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:AKMilitary" title="Template:AKMilitary"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:AKMilitary" title="Template talk:AKMilitary"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:AKMilitary" title="Special:EditPage/Template:AKMilitary"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Current_military_installations_in_Alaska" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Current <a href="/wiki/Military_installations" class="mw-redirect" title="Military installations">military installations</a> in <a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">Army</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Fort</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Greely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Richardson_(Alaska)" title="Fort Richardson (Alaska)">Richardson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Wainwright" title="Fort Wainwright">Wainwright</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Air Field</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allen_Army_Airfield" title="Allen Army Airfield">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryant_Army_Heliport" title="Bryant Army Heliport">Bryant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladd_Army_Airfield" title="Ladd Army Airfield">Ladd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Army_National_Guard" title="Alaska Army National Guard">Army National Guard</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Camp Carroll</li> <li>Camp Denali</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Alaska.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Alaska.svg/85px-Flag_of_Alaska.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Alaska.svg/128px-Flag_of_Alaska.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Alaska.svg/170px-Flag_of_Alaska.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1416" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th id="Range" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Range</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Ketchikan</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">Air Force</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Force Base">Air Force Base</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eielson_Air_Force_Base" title="Eielson Air Force Base">Eielson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmendorf_Air_Force_Base" title="Elmendorf Air Force Base">Elmendorf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Station</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eareckson_Air_Station" title="Eareckson Air Station">Eareckson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Air_National_Guard" title="Alaska Air National Guard">Air National Guard Base</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kulis_Air_National_Guard_Base" title="Kulis Air National Guard Base">Kulis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Joint_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Base">Joint Base</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Base_Elmendorf-Richardson" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson">Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Space_Force" title="United States Space Force">Space Force</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th id="Space_Force_Station" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Space Force Station</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clear_Air_Force_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Clear Air Force Station">Clear</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard" title="United States Coast Guard">Coast Guard</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Air_Stations" title="United States Coast Guard Air Stations">Air Station</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Air_Station_Kodiak" title="Coast Guard Air Station Kodiak">Kodiak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Air_Station_Sitka" title="Coast Guard Air Station Sitka">Sitka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Base</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Base_Ketchikan" title="Coast Guard Base Ketchikan">Ketchikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Base_Kodiak" title="Coast Guard Base Kodiak">Kodiak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Station</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Juneau</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Base_Ketchikan#Coast_Guard_Station_Ketchikan" title="Coast Guard Base Ketchikan">Ketchikan</a></li> <li>Valdez</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Sector</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" 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