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Karim Bhatti</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Shahzad Karim Bhatti"> <meta name="keywords" content="Shahzad Karim Bhatti"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Shahzad Karim Bhatti"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 261</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Shahzad Karim Bhatti</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">261</span> Ozone Therapy for Disc Herniation: A Non-surgical Option</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahzad%20Karim%20Bhatti">Shahzad Karim Bhatti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Ozone is a combination of oxygen and can be used in treatment of low back pain due to herniated disc. It is a minimally invasive procedure using biochemical properties of ozone resulting in reduced volume of disc and inflammation resulting in significant pain relief. Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ozone therapy in combination with peri-ganglionic injection of local anesthetic and corticosteroid. Material and Methods: This retrospective study was done at the Interventional Radiology Department of Mayo Hospital, Lahore. A total of 49000 patients were included from January 2008 to March 2022. All the patients presented with clinical signs and symptoms of lumber disc herniation, which was confirmed by a MRI scan of the lumbar sacral spine. The pain reduction was calculated using modified MacNab method. All the patients underwent percutaneous injection of ozone at a concentration of 27 micrograms/ml to lumber disc under fluoroscopic guidance with combination of local anesthetic and corticosteroid in peri-ganglionic space. Results were evaluated by two expert observers who were blinded to patient treatment. Results A satisfactory therapeutic outcome was obtained. 55% of the patients showed complete recovery with resolution of symptoms. 20% of the patients complained of occasional episodic pain with no limitation of occupational activity. 15% of cases showed insufficient improvement. 5% of cases had insufficient improvement and went for surgery. 10% of cases never turned up after the first visit. Conclusion Intradiscal ozone for the treatment of herniated discs has revolutionized percutaneous approach to nerve root compression making it safer, economical and easier to repeat without any side effects than treatments currently used in Pakistan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pain" title="pain">pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prolapse" title=" prolapse"> prolapse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ozone" title=" Ozone"> Ozone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=backpain" title=" backpain"> backpain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188838/ozone-therapy-for-disc-herniation-a-non-surgical-option" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188838.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">27</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">260</span> Cotton Crops Vegetative Indices Based Assessment Using Multispectral Images</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Shahzad%20Shifa">Muhammad Shahzad Shifa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amna%20Shifa"> Amna Shifa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Omar"> Muhammad Omar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aamir%20Shahzad"> Aamir Shahzad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahmat%20Ali%20Khan"> Rahmat Ali Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many applications of remote sensing to vegetation and crop response depend on spectral properties of individual leaves and plants. Vegetation indices are usually determined to estimate crop biophysical parameters like crop canopies and crop leaf area indices with the help of remote sensing. Cotton crops assessment is performed with the help of vegetative indices. Remotely sensed images from an optical multispectral radiometer MSR5 are used in this study. The interpretation is based on the fact that different materials reflect and absorb light differently at different wavelengths. Non-normalized and normalized forms of these datasets are analyzed using two complementary data mining algorithms; K-means and K-nearest neighbor (KNN). Our analysis shows that the use of normalized reflectance data and vegetative indices are suitable for an automated assessment and decision making. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cotton" title="cotton">cotton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=condition%20assessment" title=" condition assessment"> condition assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=KNN%20algorithm" title=" KNN algorithm"> KNN algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clustering" title=" clustering"> clustering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MSR5" title=" MSR5"> MSR5</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vegetation%20indices" title=" vegetation indices"> vegetation indices</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103787/cotton-crops-vegetative-indices-based-assessment-using-multispectral-images" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103787.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">333</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">259</span> A Piebald Cladistic Portray of Mitochondrial DNA Control Region Haplogroups in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahzad%20Bhatti">Shahzad Bhatti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Aslamkhan"> M. Aslamkhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sana%20Abbas"> Sana Abbas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcella%20Attimonelli"> Marcella Attimonelli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hikmet%20Hakan%20Aydin"> Hikmet Hakan Aydin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erica%20Martinha%20Silva%20de%20Souza"> Erica Martinha Silva de Souza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q="> </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite being situated at the crossroad of Asia, Pakistan has gained crucial importance because of its pivotal role in subsequent migratory events. To highlight the genetic footprints and to contribute an enigmatic picture of the relative population expansion pattern among four major Pashtun tribes in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa viz., Bangash, Khattak, Mahsuds and Orakzai, the complete mitochondrial control region of 100 Pashtun were analyzed. All Pashtun tribes studied here revealed high genetic diversity; that was comparable to the other Central Asian, Southeast Asian and European populations. The configuration of genetic variation and heterogeneity further unveiled through Multidimensional Scaling, Principal Component Analysis, and phylogenetic analysis. The results revealed that the Pashtun is a composite mosaic of West Eurasian ancestry of numerous geographic origin. They received substantial gene flow during different invasions and have a high element of the Western provenance. The most common haplogroups reported in this study are: South Asian haplogroup M (28%) and R (8%); whereas, West Asians haplogroups are present, albeit in high frequencies (67%) and widespread over all; HV (15%), U (17%), H (9%), J (8%), K (8%), W (4%), N (3%) and T (3%). Herein we linked the unexplored genetic connection between Ashkenazi Jews and Pashtun. The presence of specific haplotypes J1b (4%) and K1a1b1a (5%) point to a genetic connection of Jewish conglomeration with Khattak tribe. This was a result of an ancient genetic influx in the early Neolithic period that led to the formation of a diverse genetic substratum in present day Pashtun. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mtDNA%20haplogroups" title="mtDNA haplogroups">mtDNA haplogroups</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20region" title=" control region"> control region</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title=" Pakistan"> Pakistan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=KPK" title=" KPK"> KPK</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnicity" title=" ethnicity"> ethnicity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47522/a-piebald-cladistic-portray-of-mitochondrial-dna-control-region-haplogroups-in-khyber-pakhtunkhwa-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47522.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">481</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">258</span> Disowning of ‘Our Lady of Alice Bhatti’ by Mohammad Hanif Through Gendered and Religious Discourse</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abrar%20Ajmal">Abrar Ajmal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The language used in literature reveals the culture and social gestalt of any society in which it has been constructed and consumed. This paper carries the same rationale, which aims to track certain socio-religious and cultural-economic disparities and discrepancies towards minorities, particularly Christians, in an Islamic re(public) where there is a clear majority of Muslims with the help of analysis of instances of language used in the narratives “Our Lady of Alice Bhatt” by Mohammad Hanif. It would highlight social inequalities practiced deeply in sociocultural discourse. Moreover, this research would also touch upon the question of gender discrimination and gender construction as a female entity in a male-chauvinistic scenic turnout using language since the novel revolves around communicative forfeits of Alice Bhatti’s life where she is fraying in fisticuffs to befit herself in a miss-fitted society. It would employ using Fairclough's framework for analysis to conduct a critical discourse analysis of the text at three axiom levels namely textual analysis, discursive practices, and socio-cultural analysis. Thus, the results would reveal textual findings in linguistic analysis, a range of embedded discourses in discursive practices, and consumption of the text into socio-cultural explications with the use of language and lexicalization employed in the selected excerpts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gendered%20discourse" title="gendered discourse">gendered discourse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=socio-economic%20disparities%20minorities" title=" socio-economic disparities minorities"> socio-economic disparities minorities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamization" title=" Islamization"> Islamization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytical%20framework" title=" analytical framework"> analytical framework</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182723/disowning-of-our-lady-of-alice-bhatti-by-mohammad-hanif-through-gendered-and-religious-discourse" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182723.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">59</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">257</span> Influence of Preparation, Characterisation and Application of Carbon Nano Tube</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dhaivat%20S.%20Soni">Dhaivat S. Soni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Snehal%20Thakor"> Snehal Thakor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afroz%20Bhatti"> Afroz Bhatti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The prepare CNTs in bulk quantity by as easiest as possible method with highly pure and small diameter. Prepared CNTs first charactered its structural parameter for the conformation of CNTs and purity. Surface morphology of CNTs stured by using various instruments finally study application of prepared CNTs in various field. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were synthesized in large scale by pyrolyzing activated carbon in sealed autoclaves. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanostructures" title="nanostructures">nanostructures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanotubes" title=" nanotubes"> nanotubes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon" title=" carbon"> carbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyrolysis" title=" pyrolysis"> pyrolysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24167/influence-of-preparation-characterisation-and-application-of-carbon-nano-tube" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24167.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">398</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">256</span> Groundwater Potential Zone Identification in Unconsolidated Aquifer Using Geophysical Techniques around Tarbela Ghazi, District Haripur, Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Muzyan%20Shahzad">Syed Muzyan Shahzad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liu%20Jianxin"> Liu Jianxin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asim%20Shahzad"> Asim Shahzad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Sharjeel%20Raza"> Muhammad Sharjeel Raza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sun%20Ya"> Sun Ya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fanidi%20Meryem"> Fanidi Meryem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electrical resistivity investigation was conducted in vicinity of Tarbela Ghazi, in order to study the subsurface layer with a view of determining the depth to the aquifer and thickness of groundwater potential zones. Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) using Schlumberger array was carried out at 16 VES stations. Well logging data at four tube wells have been used to mark the super saturated zones with great discharge rate. The present paper shows a geoelectrical identification of the lithology and an estimate of the relationship between the resistivity and Dar Zarrouk parameters (transverse unit resistance and longitudinal unit conductance). The VES results revealed both homogeneous and heterogeneous nature of the subsurface strata. Aquifer is unconfined to confine in nature, and at few locations though perched aquifer has been identified, groundwater potential zones are developed in unconsolidated deposits layers and more than seven geo-electric layers are observed at some VES locations. Saturated zones thickness ranges from 5 m to 150 m, whereas at few area aquifer is beyond 150 m thick. The average anisotropy, transvers resistance and longitudinal conductance values are 0.86 %, 35750.9821 Ω.m<sup>2</sup>, 0.729 Siemens, respectively. The transverse unit resistance values fluctuate all over the aquifer system, whereas below at particular depth high values are observed, that significantly associated with the high transmissivity zones. The groundwater quality in all analyzed samples is below permissible limit according to World Health Standard (WHO). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquifer" title="aquifer">aquifer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dar%20Zarrouk%20parameters" title=" Dar Zarrouk parameters"> Dar Zarrouk parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geoelectric%20layers" title=" geoelectric layers"> geoelectric layers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarbela%20Ghazi" title=" Tarbela Ghazi"> Tarbela Ghazi</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87640/groundwater-potential-zone-identification-in-unconsolidated-aquifer-using-geophysical-techniques-around-tarbela-ghazi-district-haripur-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87640.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">197</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">255</span> The Impact of Teachers’ Beliefs and Perceptions about Formative Assessment in the University ESL Class Assistant Lecturer: Barzan Hadi Hama Karim University of Halabja</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Barzan%20Hadi%20Hama%20Karim">Barzan Hadi Hama Karim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The topic of formative assessment and its implementation in Iraqi Kurdistan have not attracted the attention of researchers and educators. Teachers’ beliefs about formative assessment as well as their assessment roles have remained unexplored. This paper reports on the research results of our survey which is conducted in 20014 to examine issues relating to formative assessment in the university ESL classroom settings. The paper portrays the findings of a qualitative study on the formative assessment role and beliefs of a group of teachers of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in the departments of English Languages in Iraqi Kurdistan universities. Participants of the study are 25 Kurdish EFL teachers from different departments of English languages. Close-ended and open-ended questionnaire is used to collect teacher’s beliefs and perceptions about the importance of formative assessment to improve the process of teaching and learning English language. The result of the study shows that teachers do not play a significant role in the assessment process because of top-down managerial approaches and educational system. The results prove that the teachers’ assessment beliefs and their key role in assessment should not be neglected. Our research papers pursued the following questions: What is the nature of formative assessment in a second language classroom setting? Do the teacher’s assessment practices reflect what she thinks about formative assessment? What are the teachers’ perceptions regarding the benefits of formative assessment for teaching and learning English language at the university level? <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formative%20assessment" title="formative assessment">formative assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teachers%E2%80%99%20beliefs%20and%20perceptions" title=" teachers’ beliefs and perceptions"> teachers’ beliefs and perceptions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment" title=" assessment"> assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education%20reform" title=" education reform"> education reform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ESL" title=" ESL"> ESL</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25935/the-impact-of-teachers-beliefs-and-perceptions-about-formative-assessment-in-the-university-esl-class-assistant-lecturer-barzan-hadi-hama-karim-university-of-halabja" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25935.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">254</span> The Construct of Assessment Instrument for Value, Attitude and Professionalism among Students Faculty of Sports Science and Coaching</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Hashim">Ahmad Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thariq%20Khan%20Azizuddin%20Khan"> Thariq Khan Azizuddin Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zulakbal%20Abd%20Karim"> Zulakbal Abd Karim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nohazira%20Abdul%20Karim"> Nohazira Abdul Karim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research aims to obtain the validity and reliability of a survey instrument to evaluate the values, attitudes, and professionalism of sports science students, from the Faculty of Sports Science and Coaching, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI). It is a survey which is divided into two components namely first; moral, self-esteem, proactive, self-reliant and voluntary and second; ethics and professionalism. Development of the survey instrument is based on the Malaysian Education Development Plan, Higher Education Malaysia. There are 50 items prepared based on the five-point Likert scale which were tested at the pilot test level. It involved 212 research subjects selected based on random sampling. In addition, the research method applied is in the form of pre-experimental one group pre-test-post-test. Results of the analysis showed that overall field expert validity is r = .89, while the Cronbach alpha reliability correlation value of outdoor education instrument evaluation survey is r = .85. Next, this survey was tested again for construct validity using the factor analysis method for statistical analysis which would validate each item tested was supposed to be in the right component. From the analysis, results show that Bartlett's test is significant p < .05 and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin index range is r = .87. The result showed 39 survey items are produced out of 50 items of the survey based on this factor analysis method. Research has shown that the survey instrument developed is valid and reliable to be used for the Faculty of Sports Sciences and Coaching, UPSI. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=values" title="values">values</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitudes" title=" attitudes"> attitudes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=professionalism" title=" professionalism"> professionalism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethics" title=" ethics"> ethics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=professionalism" title=" professionalism"> professionalism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106346/the-construct-of-assessment-instrument-for-value-attitude-and-professionalism-among-students-faculty-of-sports-science-and-coaching" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106346.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">253</span> Classification of Attacks Over Cloud Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karim%20Abouelmehdi">Karim Abouelmehdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Loubna%20Dali"> Loubna Dali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elmoutaoukkil%20Abdelmajid"> Elmoutaoukkil Abdelmajid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hoda%20Elsayed"> Hoda Elsayed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eladnani%20Fatiha"> Eladnani Fatiha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benihssane%20Abderahim"> Benihssane Abderahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The security of cloud services is the concern of cloud service providers. In this paper, we will mention different classifications of cloud attacks referred by specialized organizations. Each agency has its classification of well-defined properties. The purpose is to present a high-level classification of current research in cloud computing security. This classification is organized around attack strategies and corresponding defenses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cloud%20computing" title="cloud computing">cloud computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification" title=" classification"> classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk" title=" risk"> risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31849/classification-of-attacks-over-cloud-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31849.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">548</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">252</span> Evolution of Multimodulus Algorithm Blind Equalization Based on Recursive Least Square Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sardar%20Ameer%20Akram%20Khan">Sardar Ameer Akram Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahzad%20Amin%20Sheikh"> Shahzad Amin Sheikh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Blind equalization is an important technique amongst equalization family. Multimodulus algorithms based on blind equalization removes the undesirable effects of ISI and cater ups the phase issues, saving the cost of rotator at the receiver end. In this paper a new algorithm combination of recursive least square and Multimodulus algorithm named as RLSMMA is proposed by providing few assumption, fast convergence and minimum Mean Square Error (MSE) is achieved. The excellence of this technique is shown in the simulations presenting MSE plots and the resulting filter results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind%20equalizations" title="blind equalizations">blind equalizations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constant%20modulus%20algorithm" title=" constant modulus algorithm"> constant modulus algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-modulus%20algorithm" title=" multi-modulus algorithm"> multi-modulus algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recursive%20%20least%20square%20algorithm" title=" recursive least square algorithm"> recursive least square algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quadrature%20amplitude%20modulation%20%28QAM%29" title=" quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)"> quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24704/evolution-of-multimodulus-algorithm-blind-equalization-based-on-recursive-least-square-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24704.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">644</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">251</span> Synthesis, Spectroscopic and Thermal Studies of Copper(I) Chlorido Complexes of Thioureas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Mufakkar">Muhammad Mufakkar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghulam%20Hussain%20Bhatti"> Ghulam Hussain Bhatti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryem%20Rana"> Maryem Rana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study of the coordination behavior of thiones is of considerable interest due to the similarity of their binding sites to those in living systems. The complexation of thiones towards Copper(I) has also received considerable attraction in view of their variable bonding modes, structural diversity and promising biological implications. Copper (I) complexes of thioureas of the general formula: CuLCl, CuL2Cl and CuL3Cl [where L= Thiourea and its N- and N, N/- mono and di alkyl and phenyl derivatives] have been prepared using Cu(I)CN in the presence of HCl. The complexes have been characterized by thermal, IR and NMR(1H and 13C) spectroscopy. An upfield shift in 13C NMR and downfield shifts in 1H NMR are consistent with the sulfur coordination to Copper(I). The disappearance of a band around 2200 cm⁻¹ in IR and a resonance around 146 ppm in 13C NMR indicates that during the course of reaction the cyanide group of the Copper(I) salt has been replaced by chloride leading to the formation of chlorido complexes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thiones" title="Thiones">Thiones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complexation" title=" complexation"> complexation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectra" title=" spectra"> spectra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TGA" title=" TGA"> TGA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermogram" title=" thermogram"> thermogram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20shifts" title=" chemical shifts"> chemical shifts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deshielding" title=" deshielding"> deshielding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resonance" title=" resonance"> resonance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73466/synthesis-spectroscopic-and-thermal-studies-of-copperi-chlorido-complexes-of-thioureas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73466.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">238</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">250</span> Comparing the Motion of Solar System with Water Droplet Motion to Predict the Future of Solar System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Areena%20Bhatti">Areena Bhatti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The geometric arrangement of planet and moon is the result of a self-organizing system. In our solar system, the planets and moons are constantly orbiting around the sun. The aim of this theory is to compare the motion of a solar system with the motion of water droplet when poured into a water body. The basic methodology is to compare both motions to know how they are related to each other. The difference between both systems will be that one is extremely fast, and the other is extremely slow. The role of this theory is that by looking at the fast system we can conclude how slow the system will get to an end. Just like ripples are formed around water droplet that move away from the droplet and water droplet forming those ripples become small in size will tell us how solar system will behave in the same way. So it is concluded that large and small systems can work under the same process but with different motions of time, and motion of the solar system is the slowest form of water droplet motion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motion" title="motion">motion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water" title=" water"> water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sun" title=" sun"> sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time" title=" time"> time</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111769/comparing-the-motion-of-solar-system-with-water-droplet-motion-to-predict-the-future-of-solar-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111769.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">249</span> Comparative Study of Computer Assisted Instruction and Conventional Method in Attaining and Retaining Mathematical Concepts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nirupma%20Bhatti">Nirupma Bhatti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This empirical study was aimed to compare the effectiveness of Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) and Conventional Method (CM) in attaining and retaining mathematical concepts. Instructional and measuring tools were developed for five units of Matrix Algebra, two of Calculus and five of Numerical Analysis. Reliability and validity of these tools were also examined in pilot study. Ninety undergraduates participated in this study. Pre-test – post-test equivalent – groups research design was used. SPSS v.16 was used for data analysis. Findings supported CAI as better mode of instruction for attainment and retention of basic mathematical concepts. Administrators should motivate faculty members to develop Computer Assisted Instructional Material (CAIM) in mathematics for higher education. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attainment" title="attainment">attainment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CAI" title=" CAI"> CAI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CAIM" title=" CAIM"> CAIM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conventional%20method" title=" conventional method"> conventional method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retention" title=" retention"> retention</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83983/comparative-study-of-computer-assisted-instruction-and-conventional-method-in-attaining-and-retaining-mathematical-concepts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83983.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">187</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">248</span> Electrochemical Performance of Al-Mn2O3 Based Electrode Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noor%20Ul%20Ain%20Bhatti">Noor Ul Ain Bhatti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Junaid%20Khan"> M. Junaid Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Javed%20Ahmad"> Javed Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murtaza%20Saleem"> Murtaza Saleem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahid%20M.%20Ramay"> Shahid M. Ramay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saadat%20A.%20Siddiqi"> Saadat A. Siddiqi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Manganese oxide is being recently used as electrode material for rechargeable batteries. In this study, Al incorporated Mn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> compositions were synthesized to study the effect of Al doping on electrochemical performance of host material. Structural studies were carried out using X-ray diffraction analysis to confirm the phase stability and explore the lattice parameters, crystallite size, lattice strain, density and cell volume. Morphology and composition were analyzed using field emission scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, respectively. Dynamic light scattering analysis was performed to observe the average particle size of the compositions. FTIR measurements exhibit the O-Al-O and O-Mn-O and Al-O bonding and with increasing the concentration of Al, the vibrational peaks of Mn-O become sharper. An enhanced electrochemical performance was observed in compositions with higher Al content. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mn2O3" title="Mn2O3">Mn2O3</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrode%20materials" title=" electrode materials"> electrode materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20storage%20and%20conversion" title=" energy storage and conversion"> energy storage and conversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20performance" title=" electrochemical performance"> electrochemical performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63281/electrochemical-performance-of-al-mn2o3-based-electrode-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63281.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">367</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">247</span> Financial Literacy and Stock Market Participation: Does Gender Matter?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irfan%20Ullah%20Munir">Irfan Ullah Munir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shen%20Yue"> Shen Yue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Shahzad%20Ijaz"> Muhammad Shahzad Ijaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saad%20%20Hussain"> Saad Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syeda%20Yumna%20%20Zaidi"> Syeda Yumna Zaidi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Financial literacy is fundamental to every decision-making process and has received attention from researchers, regulatory bodies and policy makers in the recent past. This study is an attempt to evaluate financial literacy in an emerging economy, particularly Pakistan, and its influence on people's stock market participation. Data of this study was collected through a structured questionnaire from a sample of 300 respondents. EFA is used to check the convergent and discriminant validity. Data is analyzed using Hayes (2013) approach. A set of demographic control variables that have passed the mean difference test is used. We demonstrate that participants with financial literacy tend to invest more in the stock market. We also find that association among financial literacy and participation in stock market gets moderated by gender. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Financial%20literacy" title="Financial literacy">Financial literacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stock%20market%20participation" title=" Stock market participation"> Stock market participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gender" title=" Gender"> Gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PSX" title=" PSX"> PSX</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120484/financial-literacy-and-stock-market-participation-does-gender-matter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120484.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">199</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">246</span> Assessment of Mechanical Properties of Induction Furnace Slag as Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate in Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Javed%20Bhatti">Muhammad Javed Bhatti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tariq%20Ali"> Tariq Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muazz%20Ali"> Muazz Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to growing environmental awareness in Pakistan, the researchers are increasingly turning to assess and analyze properties of industrial waste and finding solutions on using industrial waste as secondary material. Due to industrialization, enormous by-products are produced and to utilize these by-products is the main challenge faced in Pakistan. Induction furnace slag is one of the industrial by-products from the iron and steel making industries. This paper highlights the true utilization of induction furnace slag as partial replacement of fine aggregate. For the experimental investigation, mixes were prepared with fine aggregate replacement using 0 percent, 5 percent, 10 percent, 15 percent, 20 percent, 25 percent, 30 percent, 35 percent and 40 percent induction furnace slag to evaluate the workability, compaction factor, compressive strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title="compressive strength">compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deflection" title=" deflection"> deflection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=induction%20furnace%20slag" title=" induction furnace slag"> induction furnace slag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workability" title=" workability"> workability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48282/assessment-of-mechanical-properties-of-induction-furnace-slag-as-partial-replacement-of-fine-aggregate-in-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48282.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">245</span> Reduction of Impulsive Noise in OFDM System using Adaptive Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alina%20Mirza">Alina Mirza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sumrin%20M.%20Kabir"> Sumrin M. Kabir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahzad%20A.%20Sheikh"> Shahzad A. Sheikh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with high data rate, high spectral efficiency and its ability to mitigate the effects of multipath makes them most suitable in wireless application. Impulsive noise distorts the OFDM transmission and therefore methods must be investigated to suppress this noise. In this paper, a State Space Recursive Least Square (SSRLS) algorithm based adaptive impulsive noise suppressor for OFDM communication system is proposed. And a comparison with another adaptive algorithm is conducted. The state space model-dependent recursive parameters of proposed scheme enables to achieve steady state mean squared error (MSE), low bit error rate (BER), and faster convergence than that of some of existing algorithm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OFDM" title="OFDM">OFDM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impulsive%20noise" title=" impulsive noise"> impulsive noise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SSRLS" title=" SSRLS"> SSRLS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BER" title=" BER"> BER</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31478/reduction-of-impulsive-noise-in-ofdm-system-using-adaptive-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31478.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">457</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">244</span> Characterization of CuO Incorporated CMOS Dielectric for Fast Switching System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nissar%20Mohammad%20Karim">Nissar Mohammad Karim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norhayati%20Soin"> Norhayati Soin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To ensure fast switching in high-K incorporated Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) transistors, the results on the basis of d (NBTI) by incorporating SiO2 dielectric with aged samples of CuO sol-gels have been reported. Precursor ageing has been carried out for 4 days. The minimum obtained refractive index is 1.0099 which was found after 3 hours of adhesive UV curing. Obtaining a low refractive index exhibits a low dielectric constant and hence a faster system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=refractive%20index" title="refractive index">refractive index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sol-Gel" title=" Sol-Gel"> Sol-Gel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precursor%20aging" title=" precursor aging"> precursor aging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aging" title=" aging "> aging </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18115/characterization-of-cuo-incorporated-cmos-dielectric-for-fast-switching-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18115.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">475</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">243</span> Halotolerant Phosphates Solubilizing Bacteria Isolated from Phosphate Solid Sludge and Their Efficiency in Potassium, Zinc Solubilization, and Promoting Wheat (Triticum Durum 'karim') Germination</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Z.%20Aliyat">F. Z. Aliyat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20El%20Guilli"> M. El Guilli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Nassiri"> L. Nassiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Ibijbijen"> J. Ibijbijen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Climate change is becoming a crucial factor that can significantly impact all ecosystems. It has a negative impact on the environment in many parts of the planet. Agriculture is the main sector affected by climate change. Particularly, the salinity of agricultural soils is among the problems caused by climate change. The use of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) as a biofertilizer requires previous research on their tolerance to abiotic stress, specifically saline stress tolerance, before the formation of biofertilizers. In this context, the main goal of this research was to assess the salinity tolerance of four strains: Serratia rubidaea strain JCM1240, Enterobacter bugandensis strain 247BMC, Pantoea agglomerans strain ATCC 27155, Pseudomonas brassicacearum subsp. Neoaurantiaca strain CIP109457, which was isolated from solid phosphate sludge. Additionally, their capacity to solubilize potassium and zinc, as well as their effect on Wheat (Triticum Durum 'Karim') germination. The four PSB strains were tested for their ability to solubilize phosphate in NBRIP medium with tricalcium phosphate (TCP) as the sole source of phosphorus under salt stress. Five concentrations of NaCl were used (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2.5%, 5%). Their phosphate solubilizing activity was estimated by the vanadate-molybdate method. The potassium and zinc solubilization has been tested qualitatively and separately on solid media with mica and zinc oxide as the only sources of potassium and zinc, respectively. The result showed that the solubilization decreases with the increase in the concentration of NaCl; all the strains solubilize the TCP even with 5% NaCl, with a significant difference among the four strains. The Serratia rubidaea strain was the most tolerant strain. In addition, the four strains solubilize the potassium and the zinc. The Serratia rubidaea strain was the most efficient. Therefore, biofertilization with PSB salt-tolerant strains could be a climate-change-preparedness strategy for agriculture in salt soil. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioavailability%20of%20mineral%20nutrients" title="bioavailability of mineral nutrients">bioavailability of mineral nutrients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20solid%20sludge%3B%20phosphate%20solubilization" title=" phosphate solid sludge; phosphate solubilization"> phosphate solid sludge; phosphate solubilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=potassium%20solubilization" title=" potassium solubilization"> potassium solubilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salt%20stress" title=" salt stress"> salt stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zinc%20solubilization." title=" zinc solubilization."> zinc solubilization.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156937/halotolerant-phosphates-solubilizing-bacteria-isolated-from-phosphate-solid-sludge-and-their-efficiency-in-potassium-zinc-solubilization-and-promoting-wheat-triticum-durum-karim-germination" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156937.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">242</span> Hybridization and Dynamic Performance Analysis of Three-Wheeler Electric Auto Rickshaw</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Asghar">Muhammad Asghar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20I.%20Bhatti"> A. I. Bhatti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Izhar"> T. Izhar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The three-wheeled auto-rickshaw with a two or four-stroke Gasoline, Liquid Petrolium Gas (LPG) or Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) engine is a petite, highly maneuverable vehicle and best suited for the small and heavily-congested roads and is an affordable means of transportation in Pakistan cities. However due to in-efficient engine design, it is a main cause of air-pollution in the shape of white smoke (CO2) (greenhouse gases) at the tail pipe. Due to the environmental pollution, a huge number of battery powered vehicles have been imported from all over the world to fulfill the need of country. Effect of degree of hybridization on fuel economy and acceleration performance has been discussed in this paper. From mild to full hybridization stages have been examined. Optimal level of hybridization ranges depending on the total driving power of vehicle are suggested. The degree of hybridization is varied and fuel economy is seen accordingly by using Advisor (NREL) software. The novel vehicle drive-train is modeled and simulated in the Advisor software. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advisor" title="advisor">advisor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybridization" title=" hybridization"> hybridization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20economy" title=" fuel economy"> fuel economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Three-Wheeled%20Rickshaw" title=" Three-Wheeled Rickshaw"> Three-Wheeled Rickshaw</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22037/hybridization-and-dynamic-performance-analysis-of-three-wheeler-electric-auto-rickshaw" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22037.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">567</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">241</span> Characterizing of CuO Incorporated CMOS Dielectric for Fast Switching System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nissar%20Mohammad%20Karim">Nissar Mohammad Karim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norhayati%20Soin"> Norhayati Soin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To ensure fast switching in high-K incorporated Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) transistors, the results on the basis of d (NBTI) by incorporating SiO2 dielectric with aged samples of CuO sol-gels have been reported. Precursor ageing has been carried out for 4 days. The minimum obtained refractive index is 1.0099 which was found after 3 hours of adhesive UV curing. Obtaining a low refractive index exhibits a low dielectric constant and hence a faster system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=refractive%20index" title="refractive index">refractive index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sol-gel" title=" sol-gel"> sol-gel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precursor%20ageing" title=" precursor ageing"> precursor ageing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metallurgical%20and%20materials%20engineering" title=" metallurgical and materials engineering"> metallurgical and materials engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16951/characterizing-of-cuo-incorporated-cmos-dielectric-for-fast-switching-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16951.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">387</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">240</span> The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility and Relationship Marketing on Relationship Maintainer and Customer Loyalty by Mediating Role of Customer Satisfaction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anam%20Bhatti">Anam Bhatti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sumbal%20Arif"> Sumbal Arif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariam%20Mehar"> Mariam Mehar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sohail%20Younas"> Sohail Younas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> CSR has become one of the imperative implements in satisfying customers. The impartial of this research is to calculate CSR, relationship marketing, and customer satisfaction. In Pakistan, there is not enough research work on the effect of CSR and relationship marketing on relationship maintainer and customer loyalty. To find out deductive approach and survey method is used as research approach and research strategy respectively. This research design is descriptive and quantitative study. For data, collection questionnaire method with semantic differential scale and seven point scales are adopted. Data has been collected by adopting the non-probability convenience technique as sampling technique and the sample size is 400. For factor confirmatory factor analysis, structure equation modeling and medication analysis, regression analysis Amos software were used. Strong empirical evidence supports that the customer’s perception of CSR performance is highly influenced by the values. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CSR" title="CSR">CSR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Relationship%20marketing" title=" Relationship marketing"> Relationship marketing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Relationship%20maintainer" title=" Relationship maintainer"> Relationship maintainer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Customer%20loyalty" title=" Customer loyalty"> Customer loyalty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Customer%20satisfaction" title=" Customer satisfaction"> Customer satisfaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69518/the-impact-of-corporate-social-responsibility-and-relationship-marketing-on-relationship-maintainer-and-customer-loyalty-by-mediating-role-of-customer-satisfaction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69518.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">481</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">239</span> Estimation of Pressure Loss Coefficients in Combining Flows Using Artificial Neural Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahzad%20Yousaf">Shahzad Yousaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imran%20Shafi"> Imran Shafi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a new method for calculation of pressure loss coefficients by use of the artificial neural network (ANN) in tee junctions. Geometry and flow parameters are feed into ANN as the inputs for purpose of training the network. Efficacy of the network is demonstrated by comparison of the experimental and ANN based calculated data of pressure loss coefficients for combining flows in a tee junction. Reynolds numbers ranging from 200 to 14000 and discharge ratios varying from minimum to maximum flow for calculation of pressure loss coefficients have been used. Pressure loss coefficients calculated using ANN are compared to the models from literature used in junction flows. The results achieved after the application of ANN agrees reasonably to the experimental values. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20networks" title="artificial neural networks">artificial neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=combining%20flow" title=" combining flow"> combining flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20loss%20coefficients" title=" pressure loss coefficients"> pressure loss coefficients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20collector%20tee%20junctions" title=" solar collector tee junctions"> solar collector tee junctions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70094/estimation-of-pressure-loss-coefficients-in-combining-flows-using-artificial-neural-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70094.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">389</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">238</span> A Similarity/Dissimilarity Measure to Biological Sequence Alignment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20A.%20Khan">Muhammad A. Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waseem%20Shahzad"> Waseem Shahzad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Analysis of protein sequences is carried out for the purpose to discover their structural and ancestry relationship. Sequence similarity determines similar protein structures, similar function, and homology detection. Biological sequences composed of amino acid residues or nucleotides provide significant information through sequence alignment. In this paper, we present a new similarity/dissimilarity measure to sequence alignment based on the primary structure of a protein. The approach finds the distance between the two given sequences using the novel sequence alignment algorithm and a mathematical model. The algorithm runs at a time complexity of O(n²). A distance matrix is generated to construct a phylogenetic tree of different species. The new similarity/dissimilarity measure outperforms other existing methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alignment" title="alignment">alignment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distance" title=" distance"> distance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homology" title=" homology"> homology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20model" title=" mathematical model"> mathematical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phylogenetic%20tree" title=" phylogenetic tree"> phylogenetic tree</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95183/a-similaritydissimilarity-measure-to-biological-sequence-alignment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95183.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">237</span> Enhancing Academic Achievement of University Student through Stress Management Training: A Study from Southern Punjab, Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rizwana%20Amin">Rizwana Amin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afshan%20Afroze%20Bhatti"> Afshan Afroze Bhatti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study was a quasi-experimental pre-post test design including two groups. Data was collected from 127 students through non-probability random sampling from Bahaudin Zakariya University Multan. The groups were given pre-test using perceived stress scale and information about academic achievement was taken by self-report. After screening, 27 participants didn’t meet the criterion. Remaining 100 participants were divided into two groups (experimental and control). Further, 4 students of experimental group denied taking intervention. Then 46 understudies were separated into three subgroups (16, 15 and 15 in each) for training. The experimental groups were given the stress management training, each of experimental group attended one 3-hour training sessions separately while the control group was only given pre-post assessment. The data were analyzed using ANCOVA method (analysis of covariance) t–test. Results of the study indicate that stress training will lead to increased emotional intelligence and academic achievement of students. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress" title="stress">stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress%20management" title=" stress management"> stress management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=academic%20achievement" title=" academic achievement"> academic achievement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=students" title=" students"> students</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89051/enhancing-academic-achievement-of-university-student-through-stress-management-training-a-study-from-southern-punjab-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89051.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">340</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">236</span> Role of Judiciary in Developing Countries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Shafiq">Amir Shafiq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asif%20Shahzad"> Asif Shahzad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shabbar%20Mehmood"> Shabbar Mehmood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Saeed"> Muhammad Saeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Mustafa"> Hamid Mustafa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Administration of justice in a society is evolutionary process. In pre-modern societies vital organs that we consider separate today i.e. legislation, implementation and adjudication were controlled by a King, the sovereign authority. Whereas now it is recognized that Development of a country revolves in seven arenas i.e. Civil Society, Political Society, Economic Society, Legislature, Judiciary, Executive & Bureaucracy. Each society whether developing or developed, has need of institutions and structures that can resolve difference of opinions of private or public nature between contending parties. Administration of justice has a key-role in the development of the society. Through this paper, it is to highlight that an independent judiciary having the support of public opinion therefore is inevitable to wriggle out from such problems in order to restore and protect the fundamental rights, constitution and democratic political system in third world countries like Pakistan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=role%20of%20judiciary" title="role of judiciary">role of judiciary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developing%20countries" title=" developing countries"> developing countries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=judicial%20activism" title=" judicial activism"> judicial activism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=present%20scenario" title=" present scenario"> present scenario</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41182/role-of-judiciary-in-developing-countries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41182.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">393</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">235</span> Twitter's Impact on Print Media with Respect to Real World Events</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Basit%20Shahzad">Basit Shahzad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullatif%20M.%20Abdullatif"> Abdullatif M. Abdullatif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recent advancements in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and easy access to Internet have made social media the first choice for information sharing related to any important events or news. On Twitter, trend is a common feature that quantifies the level of popularity of a certain news or event. In this work, we examine the impact of Twitter trends on real world events by hypothesizing that Twitter trends have an influence on print media in Pakistan. For this, Twitter is used as a platform and Twitter trends as a base line. We first collect data from two sources (Twitter trends and print media) in the period May to August 2016. Obtained data from two sources is analyzed and it is observed that social media is significantly influencing the print media and majority of the news printed in newspaper are posted on Twitter earlier. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=twitter%20trends" title="twitter trends">twitter trends</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=text%20mining" title=" text mining"> text mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effectiveness%20of%20trends" title=" effectiveness of trends"> effectiveness of trends</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=print%20media" title=" print media"> print media</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70912/twitters-impact-on-print-media-with-respect-to-real-world-events" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70912.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">258</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">234</span> Classification Rule Discovery by Using Parallel Ant Colony Optimization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waseem%20Shahzad">Waseem Shahzad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayesha%20Tahir%20Khan"> Ayesha Tahir Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Hussain%20Awan"> Hamid Hussain Awan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ant-Miner algorithm that lies under ACO algorithms is used to extract knowledge from data in the form of rules. A variant of Ant-Miner algorithm named as cAnt-MinerPB is used to generate list of rules using pittsburgh approach in order to maintain the rule interaction among the rules that are generated. In this paper, we propose a parallel Ant MinerPB in which Ant colony optimization algorithm runs parallel. In this technique, a data set is divided vertically (i-e attributes) into different subsets. These subsets are created based on the correlation among attributes using Mutual Information (MI). It generates rules in a parallel manner and then merged to form a final list of rules. The results have shown that the proposed technique achieved higher accuracy when compared with original cAnt-MinerPB and also the execution time has also reduced. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ant%20colony%20optimization" title="ant colony optimization">ant colony optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parallel%20Ant-MinerPB" title=" parallel Ant-MinerPB"> parallel Ant-MinerPB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vertical%20partitioning" title=" vertical partitioning"> vertical partitioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification%20rule%20discovery" title=" classification rule discovery"> classification rule discovery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43773/classification-rule-discovery-by-using-parallel-ant-colony-optimization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43773.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">233</span> Experimental Assessment of Polypropylene Plastic Aggregates(PPA) for Pavement Construction: Their Mechanical Properties via Marshall Test</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samiullah%20Bhatti">Samiullah Bhatti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Safdar%20Abbas%20Zaidi"> Safdar Abbas Zaidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Murtaza%20Ali%20Jafri"> Syed Murtaza Ali Jafri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research paper presents the results of using plastic aggregate in flexible pavement. Plastic aggregates have been prepared with polypropylene (PP) recycled products and have been tested with Marshall apparatus. Grade 60/70 bitumen has been chosen for this research with a total content of 2.5 %, 3 % and 3.5 %. Plastic aggregates are mixed with natural aggregates with different proportions and it ranges from 10 % to 100 % with an increment of 10 %. Therefore, a total of 10 Marshall cakes were prepared with plastic aggregates in addition to a standard pavement sample. In total 33 samples have been tested for Marshall stability, flow and voids in mineral aggregates. The results show an increase in the value when it changes from 2.5 % bitumen to 3 % and after then it goes again toward declination. Thus, 3 % bitumen content has been found as the most optimum value for flexible pavements. Among all the samples, 20 % PP aggregates sample has been found satisfactory with respect to all the standards provided by ASTM. Therefore, it is suggested to use 20 plastic aggregates in flexible pavement construction. A comparison of bearing capacity and skid resistance is also observed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marshall%20test" title="marshall test">marshall test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polypropylene%20plastic" title=" polypropylene plastic"> polypropylene plastic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20aggregates" title=" plastic aggregates"> plastic aggregates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexible%20pavement%20alternative" title=" flexible pavement alternative"> flexible pavement alternative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling%20of%20plastic%20waste" title=" recycling of plastic waste"> recycling of plastic waste</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148528/experimental-assessment-of-polypropylene-plastic-aggregatesppa-for-pavement-construction-their-mechanical-properties-via-marshall-test" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148528.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">232</span> Deposition of Diamond Like Carbon Thin Film by Pulse Laser Deposition for Surgical Instruments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Khalid%20Alamgir">M. Khalid Alamgir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Javed%20Ahsan%20Bhatti"> Javed Ahsan Bhatti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Zafarullah%20Khan"> M. Zafarullah Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thin film of amorphous carbon (DLC) was deposited on 316 steel using Nd: YAG laser having energy 300mJ. Pure graphite was used as a target. The vacuum in the deposition chamber was generated in the range of 10-6 mbar by turbo molecular pump. Ratio of sp3 to sp2 content shows amorphous nature of the film. This was confirmed by Raman spectra having two peaks around 1300 cm-1 i.e. D-band to 1700 cm-1 i.e. G-band. If sp3 bonding ratio is high, the films behave like diamond-like whereas, with high sp2, films are graphite-like. The ratio of sp3 and sp2 contents in the film depends upon the deposition method, hydrogen contents and system parameters. The structural study of the film was carried out by XRD. The hardness of the films as measured by Vickers hardness tester and was found to be 28 GPa. The EDX result shows the presence of carbon contents on the surface in high rate and optical microscopy result shows the smoothness of the film on substrate. The film possesses good adhesion and can be used to coat surgical instruments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DLC" title="DLC">DLC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20film" title=" thin film"> thin film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raman%20spectroscopy" title=" Raman spectroscopy"> Raman spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XRD" title=" XRD"> XRD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EDX" title=" EDX"> EDX</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29422/deposition-of-diamond-like-carbon-thin-film-by-pulse-laser-deposition-for-surgical-instruments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29422.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right 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