CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91341dc9e9a04b5c',cH: 'q_YiBMEmz5Sqj1vvswzpLQ8QXJEifH3BIyft8MKSLoY-1739777890-1.2.1.1-Et1XUPeM8ssEtOYe14aFGf8jif91FhoX6p8wuZ8YSqLoLX_sZF6ZA1uSeoty0o.c',cUPMDTk: "\/10013488\/unpacking-tourist-experience-a-case-study-of-chinese-tourists-visiting-the-uk?__cf_chl_tk=4UohInbTGg5YE6tkFnhLf6fUIwlIKQkMNN2gDMcj6oY-1739777890-1.0.1.1-uc9yW.6ek8H4XhPvquF2sLFPUg58912RcqapDjP1Yf8",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739777890',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/10013488\/unpacking-tourist-experience-a-case-study-of-chinese-tourists-visiting-the-uk?__cf_chl_f_tk=4UohInbTGg5YE6tkFnhLf6fUIwlIKQkMNN2gDMcj6oY-1739777890-1.0.1.1-uc9yW.6ek8H4XhPvquF2sLFPUg58912RcqapDjP1Yf8",md: "OXtBzFhuX7hQC8ynVsoLAIC3bJ2T2bk8KEVe.zUipfo-1739777890-1.2.1.1-XNiF9rBgqZyBPZBM0jPC4pXrOCbLvSxjbOFEtWkuCxkPQXoaXqutcI_6K1b7.qcD0CxJ8E1TCYjNRBvKbxYS1KvNMar49KXP3sVj8jTEWyXUSLy6_ECVRpdqh_rNqb6TmE.p0KtWHQe43jJxXTNx3H0D3NM25y8EreDI3L57iT0ajQZBNzN9Me1Y_7cM7f2LDWdvyx94dz8i_wogRAhQAVr_TZgv4pkISOuQji2Zdf5Flha3I766y25mEht7q1yY1dHS.ZNm4nCE0Xf8RKNiAlQSaD5EaskKM3F5HUMXsOVL_ahj4noGaCZpFuBiktI_0Yo.A_goEWE0tyCZQu4gaeVcMCVZxZm57un_58ohQ7v8GW_pi1eO7z4g9M8B_MJRYctWYgWnXTlFVF35feZrqzlMVqdtX7Ii9XifCyFsw7xG0ppZUDl6FfAbv3vNDlq54rYvOxuIXIpPSTRlzF5eS4rhgFj30tvf4aHPaLWSJsb.Bg8p481g7bp5TJqQt6E9wln1vMuU4vCML2WFU2C7mQsUMgjenGcBkcYEuEKQJr1t39g5OqHylw_WBWe0y5ilBgT_umtoNSvYg2XKHib1ydT3tluzlsyRL8SD_Y8KPpckzhvuhmp8vJPQ2RP1sIJ366QvIq72Gq647I5f6QN2.yG_rFBVBRmoF_ZvMphWY0TjleLUURp0SJEXV3fl061ET13nLjT9UcHp9lcGadqTO8RdL7p9_klt4KHyyd6wXCqRoUFwN8uXAQUV52QMO83e38rnDyQ90dbRKJqykWOQyz7N1LWPPjw4.NDt77Z23tZBQkeEgelORV.kT.w5xdLo09qmvFQJhPQu.m_5IUH.A.JqFNmC9W1PsWkcJ4gYCIic.S9LlGbncMcvDnL_rQFBobvKMpeOmzRC.erKcCZSuY4cnTckiDqmUBOn4TasDQlENefSovGamxgIAmeIKdzrXO3lAwPL66RC4YKD5Q4ddIIcQo8_hvpqaVEKUWDZJSRc6jPCfX6B5u7ZlBD4nwn2H0MHTedsSMgNlaI85Osabde4jiqd3ZgdZr0wpBzO7q6PwatBazGuiwTmL81Np2fW7aH.injs_RF5CIHJUci_FhUBsu6F7CppIbrrkXNhE7s.tgQ3lJN5V4J7Kj9fxt4BY1EH.sXU0LAy1CM3TnelFolNDG1xRfB7z2sqhC29FeuSk.bY7qvkSLtagG7ZxSaNNktMzs8b7OGa8EGHlIj1DCwqXOOVpgpnYsaXUhZiMFcOuw_Kn.cOv2U5Vm.W8O9jsdEkJhG0j719tcQmPSvTwFej5a857G7otJItwqx4_OEaU10LEy_Qqdj92_dhQ.FNxgaZgd3e1jqN7uhyzSklIyMQdD1GjQB292olGpXsHmKzsnEM1NTELRX88k3VPeJbdD_ZOiDfcRPGJ7K9xxsR9C3.SCweHvx.EFqVOxS_pT.JlQ.5_KyqyLp96jfh10Qnbj1y.DDv2LFQGGN75fNbZHkYdX1XctNlKGeGcruXYxpSz0ScA7_LNOyCVC5b4gvS1anlVGYeLcu3V8QVPh_J9E2EJ88Dt7Z30F8xQ2r.0mwtGa9Wb9JypGzngCLuoD5OdGJXc5LMeIiXV3QIz0eaPpJooJlNqLGd.DtYJ7nu9IWJ98Oj8qTkkNwJOqYAbg.vj3JFoTXgzKrNE.EKTU4q3eamiiwXYLgwAmXvl4aUfFqSUUULSNbew1tZyyixKoiDZ39akS2dSNEbCGw6rV5m0.oDBRtHV_qk5DxZLl631p0fID9lNoFvimSCkz_PszISX.TJN_LlBNfe6ULg1w67kcMlZGmfwFPOB4pKyDLsJyyZh2.a3x8TmzLzWfSjzJMnK2FvzbyfB_fgBOtboN2wI8RMw9Rwc9Dd._Req9M_ExIPPQk9Ew1mpgj2Qd9hdOKghWwzvJzHKzwQQAGsDz41aBYUlaxyZAweBSGGB0CBAIp0J1a3FKOppqkgg3qnwK76Zhith9CfMnjiKrHfJ4eEkMtfVxIj.9lZLUOd88MgXYt32hMyiSgP0U2QZZx76YXL_NxnbuCDRI3o8TqX438rVUP9V3VTMsE.LuGdHyoZ4c0",mdrd: "_WrcBAchrtWVQer7EQNFDvdzyVz.DwzQXQMlY68vmFU-1739777890-1.2.1.1-oNc2GPEtQ3er.FzbFjmeL0vVLb3Pso.6CNBqky8p_AdEfuWb2riOfnXSGY_87PB3an4LDFgiec8GWFamcfPHpRVsZCBjMGWVIOnNBOArFGgOM0bL8ki_7fUr3kHGGTFXGKNCG_0tDKBaan8arTy6HHsDe73y6agZ6t4ZDUy6INllV.CDNjCp5pUvvq1_XqdxKhv1teX5dCmKUQfJw_vlQeH_oFxMiVDRv7s2xd.y9eyMF51WAvSC1N.KL93OIwpbXm96EvjdMqY.Spd.ObrsU7qYB4Bo8F7QEKrt8bl91r4CjNijLwMpG0Bpg_SFKG9Q5QtqT42PdMOq0bH4ttCWA6a9C7uShh03wAlzIXq0J2GxIKpV2gr901HrQOrtH1zRY11VXF6voQcHC19Db3Ih4xTLKKaXVe1z9LsnRsT5bO8A3cTrVzZJ4zh2h9hwrEqvB_ZGJk791NyGpm9LiSe7LT6ljeD0ksP8k464je8REwXU_tCK3xdiqcX6mVBcpImfAkfxCc9kG0RgR.o1sso1aCKSyjEYYRcKGcNcnueuBm.HCPbCsNpLIkQS_E50a7p248uC.StwtfJ5YAhawRmNIq0Rje5QKxHsrVc.5SVW3d7NNiDjMewsLU8wcJrtrYKjDccnMneoQG0S8rbZKYx8rMQkq7XYxLRgpqL81wO5QANMNXYxNlRO8Vyiy5PdgtC8dDcaxXDtHikjvTly.DxeP_3QYm07T9GvRJOzkWmLQ_zEo8uMx1RCGh12GOiGcvIHImBobD0bqYJqKW8zzEKkaX6hpBc61QWHTNsWm4Lp2pRapaVU__SN62KFeM7YAahCOk8oCl3dJXSk6X0WnI6O80.O.j4nmxD4dM8rFKnovDOk99fQy8vIaLgTFfKbUz1TMta.7_wwD7IbVPNLaeuxiBIhrnECnczSiSg1IlOLW6HlQ12QJ_AJKtiv8DWq4XuYIDsHFRjkPh7xc0cA_IFobf8u_7FNlVqpfjpEXH4Ws4eT2V_lQ9LvltyHpwiPmM2KlJByKmTj9JtV0HEOsrxlLp_5x9ATtnqLK20P5Js31i7GxNQMdAoum4vzxKVNy4G85gnv2UvPKwNR3D3eBaIZyqTd3KJDsIZwxVEWI5Jo0YEuSu38PgyQ0Gbrn1uVnFXwYjlewoR4mIWkxaZCX8Ul5kj6uJz.yFj7U59HALYpDeLptAbD0Z1qsqh1M18J13OpHjoknPgguO0jZ_JzCdIvOYOuDpbyIQ6IiJMIjp0SDV6lQHri7powE.7IaMCWi5PBHQWgD7v6uQtPRUgq7KNMY37V49Pa.ipxKqmZAaXIag.VHIgRVWvTCj_NJ_gHYyewOUOlp6nUoox6rHaR6pfZQyoLNGNJN4MOB9uZy0vWYRBQ__vjynrAvENGfiOoHaNAbUs1PW05.w7_GNL2OfpTHL_NZPgyfSWg1Zc7qTbZ6s.GYyE0qxPN7S5KRAkVx0xM19YrMyfgUyyHOQUvoQ0FwU10hXLA30bg7ADPX5R3r6taKpd7ks.KAEatdgqOEFCeQy_P3qZMe8DltTrzV5p3Ima83oGQPDWHKtQVxFFFETH1JO7zL3gCEB31rC5iBhgRBj4UlIsm3HtqtJIrtNuUQfEGBQ1cytE1VAiEVaEya.jC0O8NvYgnTUqlZXcWNwrA2QZrqm.A5u0PEmveiNjkv0HATvDMxT4PRY5_4vfIeCqozZbriAK3AEW6t0MS2lR9d9iVge_0dArlil6qqH8mqM.vT1W.DyedkeFYgmmbvoFAZAGylxVi5hi8jV89K8QHjBm8iH5kjJVVn7bcRdtS3R_9jvzg9khoiPdd1Wpqa9HQimpK5.HIdwIGxzYtXdBBoegIlsJ0GtDr9YSW.P9XLE9JNZbudPKbx_DCEzpyAZfRJna3LiOZ3DmBwtGMaVaRtpqIpo3dfHLwWJ2SU9NLxR7OCBU0jq4Zz1TW9QpmyZpg87KIwC44sSvSTEaU5jF9yMhk6qMsdag0i6NkrmEJkQ"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91341dc9e9a04b5c';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/10013488\/unpacking-tourist-experience-a-case-study-of-chinese-tourists-visiting-the-uk?__cf_chl_rt_tk=4UohInbTGg5YE6tkFnhLf6fUIwlIKQkMNN2gDMcj6oY-1739777890-1.0.1.1-uc9yW.6ek8H4XhPvquF2sLFPUg58912RcqapDjP1Yf8" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>