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script.type = 'text/javascript'; script.src = '//web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/google_top_exp.js'; var head = document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]; if (head) { head.appendChild(script); }})(); </script> </div></div> <div id="outer-wrapper"> <div id="header-wrapper"> <div class="header section" id="header"><div class="widget Header" data-version="1" id="Header1"> <div id="header-inner"> <div class="titlewrapper"> <h1 class="title"> Accidental Remediation </h1> </div> <div class="descriptionwrapper"> <p class="description"><span>those little hiccups on the way to saving the earth</span></p> </div> </div> </div></div> </div> <div id="crosscol-wrapper" style="text-align:center"> <div class="crosscol no-items section" id="crosscol"></div> </div> <div id="main-wrap1"><div id="main-wrap2"> <div class="main section" id="main"><div class="widget Blog" data-version="1" id="Blog1"> <div class="blog-posts hfeed"> <div class="date-outer"> <h2 class="date-header"><span>Wednesday, March 1, 2017</span></h2> <div class="date-posts"> <div class="post-outer"> <div class="post hentry" itemprop="blogPost" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting"> <meta content="5950727852821572506" itemprop="blogId"/> <meta content="3039880943954064673" itemprop="postId"/> <a name="3039880943954064673"></a> <h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/03/bad-organization-comments.html">bad organization comments</a> </h3> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post-header-line-1"></div> </div> <div class="post-body entry-content" id="post-body-3039880943954064673" itemprop="description articleBody"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/01/fantasy-comment-response.html">This</a> recent post on technically bad comments reminded me about organizationally bad comments.<br/> <br/> On numerous occasions, and with different reviewers, I have received a comment along the lines of "but what was the result?" or "but what does it <i>mean</i>?" in clearly inappropriate places. Let me explain:<br/> <br/> Almost all scientific papers are broken into several sections. First you have a background section to give enough context for what you'll be discussing. Then you have a methods section to explain what you actually did. Then you have the results, then the conclusion.<br/> <br/> Environmental reports are the same way. They generally go as follows:<br/> <br/> 1. Introduction: says what sort of report this is (remedial investigation, phase II site investigation, whatever) and who it's for. If it's for a site with a bunch of different focus areas (operable units, areas of concern, etc), we may briefly describe the overall site and how that particular focus area fits in. We may also outline the report sections (although I personally think this is a waste of space).<br/> <br/> 2. Site description: we describe the site itself, starting with a basic description of what it looks like, how it relates to the area, etc. We also describe the history of the site, which may be anything from "the current structure was built in 1988 and we have no records before then" to a dissertation on all the investigations and cleanup actions performed. Sometimes the discussion of geology and hydrology of the site gets added here, sometimes it gets its own section later.<br/> <br/> 3. Methods/investigation: Usually a report is based on a particular investigation. We sampled here, we talked to these people, we collected these other data using these subcontractors.<br/> <br/> 4. Results: What we found. We may have separate sections for discussion of geology/hydrology based on the investigation, and for the chemical results.<br/> <br/> 5. Conceptual Site Model (CSM): We may have a separate section tying all the chemistry and geology into a CSM that explains where the contamination started, how it came to be where it is, and where it's going. Or for smaller reports, we just fold that discussion into a conclusion section.<br/> <br/> All these sections came to be for a reason. They are building up the pieces of evidence leading to the report conclusion. If you start throwing conclusions in the methods section or geology in the chemistry section willy nilly, the report will quickly turn into a mess where nothing can be found and nothing is properly explained, and random points will be repeated over and over. Also, we include a table of contents so that if you read something in the "methods" section that leads you to wonder what the result is, you can quickly <i>find</i> that section!<br/> <br/> Okay, now I think I've vented enough to write a properly diplomatic comment response! <div style="clear: both;"></div> </div> <div class="post-footer"> <div class="post-footer-line post-footer-line-1"><span class="post-author vcard"> Posted by <span class="fn" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <meta content="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/profile/08047258159927129336" itemprop="url"/> <a class="g-profile" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/profile/08047258159927129336" rel="author" title="author profile"> <span itemprop="name">Short Geologist</span> </a> </span> </span> <span class="post-timestamp"> at <meta content="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/03/bad-organization-comments.html" itemprop="url"/> <a class="timestamp-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/03/bad-organization-comments.html" rel="bookmark" title="permanent link"><abbr class="published" itemprop="datePublished" title="2017-03-01T19:49:00-05:00">7:49 PM</abbr></a> </span> <span class="post-comment-link"> <a class="comment-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=5950727852821572506&postID=3039880943954064673&isPopup=true" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.href, "bloggerPopup", "toolbar=0,location=0,statusbar=1,menubar=0,scrollbars=yes,width=640,height=500"); return false;"> No comments: </a> </span> <span class="post-icons"> <span class="item-action"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/email-post.g?blogID=5950727852821572506&postID=3039880943954064673" title="Email Post"> <img alt="" class="icon-action" height="13" src="//web.archive.org/web/20170426025043im_/http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_email.gif" width="18"/> </a> </span> <span class="item-control blog-admin pid-1914745682"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=5950727852821572506&postID=3039880943954064673&from=pencil" title="Edit Post"> <img alt="" class="icon-action" height="18" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043im_/https://resources.blogblog.com/img/icon18_edit_allbkg.gif" width="18"/> </a> </span> </span> </div> <div class="post-footer-line post-footer-line-2"><span class="post-labels"> Labels: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/search/label/writing" rel="tag">writing</a> </span> </div> <div class="post-footer-line post-footer-line-3"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="date-outer"> <h2 class="date-header"><span>Monday, February 27, 2017</span></h2> <div class="date-posts"> <div class="post-outer"> <div class="post hentry" itemprop="blogPost" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting"> <meta content="5950727852821572506" itemprop="blogId"/> <meta content="6480851424485704178" itemprop="postId"/> <a name="6480851424485704178"></a> <h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/02/random-travel-story.html">Trapped in the hotel</a> </h3> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post-header-line-1"></div> </div> <div class="post-body entry-content" id="post-body-6480851424485704178" itemprop="description articleBody"> This is not at all related to environmental geology, but it's a good story and I do have a "travel" label. A <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2013/10/alone-in-hotel.html">while back</a>, I mentioned getting trapped inside a hotel room with an intruder:<br/> <br/> My senior year in high school, I went on a class trip to Europe. One of our hotel stays was in the middle of nowhere, Greece. It was not exactly updated for the modern era, and it had a particularly interesting room key system: There were two keys. Each key locked or unlocked <i>both</i> sides of the door. So you could easily be locked inside. I'm not sure what passed for fire safety in that area back then, but the rooms also connected to a single outside balcony that you could leap from if you couldn't get out the normal way. The hotel also had a policy that you had to leave your keys with the front desk if you left the hotel.<br/> <br/> There was some sort of local bar/discotheque, so everybody immediately vacated the hotel to go dancing, and all the chaperones followed. My friend Jane and I were not big drinkers/partiers, so we came back around 9 or 10.<br/> <br/> Let's go back to the key situation for a minute. Everybody had relinquished their keys upon leaving, including the other two girls who were sharing a room with me and Jane. The keys were hanging up behind the desk. You could see at a glance who was in the hotel, and you could just <i>take</i> the spare key if there was just one, and unlock the door of an occupied room.<br/> <br/> Imagine my surprise when the door to our room opened and some dude let himself in. We didn't really know any Greek, and he at least pretended not to know any English. We tried to explain/pantomime that he should leave, and eventually he did, but not before pocketing <i>our</i> key, which was on the table right next to the door. And then he locked the door from the outside.<br/> <br/> So we were locked in our phone-less room in an empty hotel, long before the era of cell phones or internet or anything. I immediately ran out to the balcony and started trying the other doors, but they were all locked. It would have been pointless to get into another room anyway, since they were all locked as well.<br/> <br/> 15 minutes later, the dude comes back bearing a little tray with three glasses of what he says is ouzo, snack cakes, and the keys. As we uselessly flutter around him, trying to tell him that he needs to get out, now (remember, he claims to not understand English), he sets down the tray and locks the door, trapping us inside with him. When he sits down and I go to unlock the door, he gets up and shoos me away with a torrent of Greek.<br/> <br/> So. We are teenagers in a foreign country, locked in a hotel room in an empty hotel with a guy who is making outward gestures at being friendly and gregarious. Strange dude sits on the bed, right next to Jane, and over the course of his conversation, his hand comes to rest on her thigh. Both of us together <i>maybe</i> weigh as much as he does. Jane is frozen in fear, and I'm mobile but have the size and outward appearance of a 12-year-old. Is the guy volatile? Does he have a weapon? He's cheerfully ignoring my "you really need to go" pantomime. What would be the tipping point for me to yank Jane out of there and jump off a balcony?<br/> <br/> Eventually, someone else came back - I heard female voices in the hallway. I was "casually" leaning against the door in order to secretly unlock it, and I immediately turned the key and yelled for help, and the four of us bodily yanked the guy out of the room and locked the door behind him, this time retaining <i>both</i> keys.<br/> <br/> When we got home, we made an Official Complaint to the tour organizer that they had booked a school group into a hotel tailored for sexual predators. We got a $200 voucher for our <i>next</i> tour (ah ha ha!) and that was the end of it.<br/> <br/> I've internalized two things from that experience: 1. in a pinch, I know that I will not freeze up and will at least do what I can to resolve a bad situation, and 2. I hate the loss of control involved in group tours. I'll make my <i>own</i> travel arrangements. <div style="clear: both;"></div> </div> <div class="post-footer"> <div class="post-footer-line post-footer-line-1"><span class="post-author vcard"> Posted by <span class="fn" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <meta content="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/profile/08047258159927129336" itemprop="url"/> <a class="g-profile" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/profile/08047258159927129336" rel="author" title="author profile"> <span itemprop="name">Short Geologist</span> </a> </span> </span> <span class="post-timestamp"> at <meta content="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/02/random-travel-story.html" itemprop="url"/> <a class="timestamp-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/02/random-travel-story.html" rel="bookmark" title="permanent link"><abbr class="published" itemprop="datePublished" title="2017-02-27T20:06:00-05:00">8:06 PM</abbr></a> </span> <span class="post-comment-link"> <a class="comment-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=5950727852821572506&postID=6480851424485704178&isPopup=true" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.href, "bloggerPopup", "toolbar=0,location=0,statusbar=1,menubar=0,scrollbars=yes,width=640,height=500"); return false;"> No comments: </a> </span> <span class="post-icons"> <span class="item-action"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/email-post.g?blogID=5950727852821572506&postID=6480851424485704178" title="Email Post"> <img alt="" class="icon-action" height="13" src="//web.archive.org/web/20170426025043im_/http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_email.gif" width="18"/> </a> </span> <span class="item-control blog-admin pid-1914745682"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=5950727852821572506&postID=6480851424485704178&from=pencil" title="Edit Post"> <img alt="" class="icon-action" height="18" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043im_/https://resources.blogblog.com/img/icon18_edit_allbkg.gif" width="18"/> </a> </span> </span> </div> <div class="post-footer-line post-footer-line-2"><span class="post-labels"> Labels: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/search/label/miscellany" rel="tag">miscellany</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/search/label/travel" rel="tag">travel</a> </span> </div> <div class="post-footer-line post-footer-line-3"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="date-outer"> <h2 class="date-header"><span>Wednesday, February 22, 2017</span></h2> <div class="date-posts"> <div class="post-outer"> <div class="post hentry" itemprop="blogPost" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting"> <meta content="5950727852821572506" itemprop="blogId"/> <meta content="3791256221672981774" itemprop="postId"/> <a name="3791256221672981774"></a> <h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/02/not-atwitter.html">not atwitter</a> </h3> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post-header-line-1"></div> </div> <div class="post-body entry-content" id="post-body-3791256221672981774" itemprop="description articleBody"> People have been announcing the death of the blog and the great migration to twitter for a while now. A good example is <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://dynamicecology.wordpress.com/2015/03/10/blogs-are-dying-long-live-science-blogs/">here</a> at Dynamic Ecology.<br/> <br/> I have zero interest in twitter. I'm not really a 140-character person. Blogging is more my pace because I like to let my posts gestate for a while, and then write up exactly how much I feel works for a particular subject.<br/> <br/> I also don't care to follow my scientist friends on a real-time basis. When I'm at work, I work. When I'm at home, sometimes I sit back with a glass of wine and relax on the couch with a book. Perhaps I'm inherently antisocial, but I'm not interested in the back and forth of discussion on twitter - or other platforms. It's not a surprise that I'm not a terribly active facebook user either.<br/> <br/>  For me, blogging is a way for me to build up a repository of <strike>opinions</strike> experiences that I can share for anyone who's interested in the environmental biz or geology or working outside for a living. I'd like to be <i>somewhat</i> relevant, but I'd prefer to have more freedom with what I write than to be timely. <div style="clear: both;"></div> </div> <div class="post-footer"> <div class="post-footer-line post-footer-line-1"><span class="post-author vcard"> Posted by <span class="fn" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <meta content="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/profile/08047258159927129336" itemprop="url"/> <a class="g-profile" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/profile/08047258159927129336" rel="author" title="author profile"> <span itemprop="name">Short Geologist</span> </a> </span> </span> <span class="post-timestamp"> at <meta content="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/02/not-atwitter.html" itemprop="url"/> <a class="timestamp-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/02/not-atwitter.html" rel="bookmark" title="permanent link"><abbr class="published" itemprop="datePublished" title="2017-02-22T19:49:00-05:00">7:49 PM</abbr></a> </span> <span class="post-comment-link"> <a class="comment-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=5950727852821572506&postID=3791256221672981774&isPopup=true" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.href, "bloggerPopup", "toolbar=0,location=0,statusbar=1,menubar=0,scrollbars=yes,width=640,height=500"); return false;"> No comments: </a> </span> <span class="post-icons"> <span class="item-action"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/email-post.g?blogID=5950727852821572506&postID=3791256221672981774" title="Email Post"> <img alt="" class="icon-action" height="13" src="//web.archive.org/web/20170426025043im_/http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_email.gif" width="18"/> </a> </span> <span class="item-control blog-admin pid-1914745682"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=5950727852821572506&postID=3791256221672981774&from=pencil" title="Edit Post"> <img alt="" class="icon-action" height="18" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043im_/https://resources.blogblog.com/img/icon18_edit_allbkg.gif" width="18"/> </a> </span> </span> </div> <div class="post-footer-line post-footer-line-2"><span class="post-labels"> Labels: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/search/label/on%20blogging" rel="tag">on blogging</a> </span> </div> <div class="post-footer-line post-footer-line-3"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="date-outer"> <h2 class="date-header"><span>Wednesday, February 15, 2017</span></h2> <div class="date-posts"> <div class="post-outer"> <div class="post hentry" itemprop="blogPost" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting"> <meta content="5950727852821572506" itemprop="blogId"/> <meta content="2687988471240884080" itemprop="postId"/> <a name="2687988471240884080"></a> <h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/02/administrative-record-fail.html">administrative record fail</a> </h3> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post-header-line-1"></div> </div> <div class="post-body entry-content" id="post-body-2687988471240884080" itemprop="description articleBody"> Many federal cleanup sites (and a large number of state cleanup sites) have publicly available administrative records. Depending on the agency involved, this may include just the legal records and the major reports used to document completion of the cleanup, or may include just about every piece of correspondence written along the way.<br/> <br/> I've reviewed my fair share of administrative records. Most of the time, I can get what I need online and don't need to trek to a records facility or local library. <br/> <br/> I was reviewing one administrative record online, however, and apparently some additional documents got shuffled in accidentally. The EPA technical lead's performance review (for his annual review for his job) was attached to the end of a very long, very dry technical report.<br/> <br/> I'm happy to report that Mr. EPA technical lead was considered to be generally competent, and his peer reviewers had only positive things to say. That's nice, since his review is permanently enshrined online. <div style="clear: both;"></div> </div> <div class="post-footer"> <div class="post-footer-line post-footer-line-1"><span class="post-author vcard"> Posted by <span class="fn" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <meta content="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/profile/08047258159927129336" itemprop="url"/> <a class="g-profile" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/profile/08047258159927129336" rel="author" title="author profile"> <span itemprop="name">Short Geologist</span> </a> </span> </span> <span class="post-timestamp"> at <meta content="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/02/administrative-record-fail.html" itemprop="url"/> <a class="timestamp-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/02/administrative-record-fail.html" rel="bookmark" title="permanent link"><abbr class="published" itemprop="datePublished" title="2017-02-15T19:21:00-05:00">7:21 PM</abbr></a> </span> <span class="post-comment-link"> <a class="comment-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=5950727852821572506&postID=2687988471240884080&isPopup=true" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.href, "bloggerPopup", "toolbar=0,location=0,statusbar=1,menubar=0,scrollbars=yes,width=640,height=500"); return false;"> No comments: </a> </span> <span class="post-icons"> <span class="item-action"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/email-post.g?blogID=5950727852821572506&postID=2687988471240884080" title="Email Post"> <img alt="" class="icon-action" height="13" src="//web.archive.org/web/20170426025043im_/http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_email.gif" width="18"/> </a> </span> <span class="item-control blog-admin pid-1914745682"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=5950727852821572506&postID=2687988471240884080&from=pencil" title="Edit Post"> <img alt="" class="icon-action" height="18" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043im_/https://resources.blogblog.com/img/icon18_edit_allbkg.gif" width="18"/> </a> </span> </span> </div> <div class="post-footer-line post-footer-line-2"><span class="post-labels"> Labels: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/search/label/miscellany" rel="tag">miscellany</a> </span> </div> <div class="post-footer-line post-footer-line-3"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="date-outer"> <h2 class="date-header"><span>Wednesday, January 25, 2017</span></h2> <div class="date-posts"> <div class="post-outer"> <div class="post hentry" itemprop="blogPost" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting"> <meta content="5950727852821572506" itemprop="blogId"/> <meta content="942683577394795973" itemprop="postId"/> <a name="942683577394795973"></a> <h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/01/fun-stuff-to-drill-through-4.html">fun stuff to drill through (4)</a> </h3> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post-header-line-1"></div> </div> <div class="post-body entry-content" id="post-body-942683577394795973" itemprop="description articleBody"> This post a while back on <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2016/11/liquid-waste-storage.html">water handling</a> reminded me of another geologic feature that's a pain to drill through: faults. (see my last post on this topic and some links to older posts <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2014/03/fun-stuff-to-drill-through-3.html">here</a>).<br/> <br/> Now, I haven't overseen drilling into any spectacular or famous faults, per se. But I have very rarely drilled into faults of at least local significance - local enough to be mapped and named, anyway.<br/> <br/> Drilling into faults or fault zones at any depth of significance (say, more than 50 feet or so) leads to two major issues: water production and borehole instability.<br/> <br/> Larger scale faults tend to be more than just a single fracture in the bedrock. They may include a fault zone, where the rock for a certain distance is much more fractured and may possibly have a different structure than the parent rock. This may hold a <i>lot</i> of water. And if you're flying along, doing some sort of fast, aggressive drilling such as air-rotary, and creating a borehole with a reasonably wide diameter, you may end up tapping into a lot more water than expected. And depending on the air pressure the driller's using, the drilling rate, and the structure of the rock, the water flow may not just stop once the driller turns off the air pressure. Nothing like watching your frac tanks fill up with contaminated water while you wait for the water to stop pouring out of the borehole!<br/> <br/> So, water production is a thing that you can deal with. You get the frac tanks on-line, make sure that you have pumps capable of moving a lot of water, and maybe stop drilling for a bit every once in a while to see how much water you're getting back. Borehole instability is another problem.<br/> <br/> Once we install a borehole, we usually like to do a bunch of testing, which involves lowering instruments down there to collect samples and geophysical measurements, installing packers to seal off certain zones for testing, and maybe putting in a permanent system with multiple sample ports. If you have a fracture zone that's at a reasonably steep angle, and bedrock that is not super hard (like a siltstone or sandstone) you may find that the walls of the borehole pinch back in almost immediately. This makes it hard to fish the drill rods out of the borehole, let alone any $10,000 geophysical tooling you'd like to use. You can always try and bang in some steel casing past the obstruction, but at that point you may have shrunk the effective size of the borehole so you can't get the other stuff you need down there, and then you've shut off the rest of the bedrock from evaluation. And multiple boreholes get expensive fast. Another option is to be a lot more cautious up front, and do all your sampling/testing in 10-foot intervals as you drill (with casing above the interval in question), but that does slow the drilling process down and requires much more coordination between multiple contractors, all of whom are being paid for their standby time.<br/> <br/> Intercepting a fault/fault zone actually can tell us quite a bit about the regional geology and the structure of the bedrock. We just have to be able to get a borehole in there long enough to <i>do</i> the evaluation. <div style="clear: both;"></div> </div> <div class="post-footer"> <div class="post-footer-line post-footer-line-1"><span class="post-author vcard"> Posted by <span class="fn" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <meta content="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/profile/08047258159927129336" itemprop="url"/> <a class="g-profile" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/profile/08047258159927129336" rel="author" title="author profile"> <span itemprop="name">Short Geologist</span> </a> </span> </span> <span class="post-timestamp"> at <meta content="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/01/fun-stuff-to-drill-through-4.html" itemprop="url"/> <a class="timestamp-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/01/fun-stuff-to-drill-through-4.html" rel="bookmark" title="permanent link"><abbr class="published" itemprop="datePublished" title="2017-01-25T18:34:00-05:00">6:34 PM</abbr></a> </span> <span class="post-comment-link"> <a class="comment-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=5950727852821572506&postID=942683577394795973&isPopup=true" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.href, "bloggerPopup", "toolbar=0,location=0,statusbar=1,menubar=0,scrollbars=yes,width=640,height=500"); return false;"> No comments: </a> </span> <span class="post-icons"> <span class="item-action"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/email-post.g?blogID=5950727852821572506&postID=942683577394795973" title="Email Post"> <img alt="" class="icon-action" height="13" src="//web.archive.org/web/20170426025043im_/http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_email.gif" width="18"/> </a> </span> <span class="item-control blog-admin pid-1914745682"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=5950727852821572506&postID=942683577394795973&from=pencil" title="Edit Post"> <img alt="" class="icon-action" height="18" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043im_/https://resources.blogblog.com/img/icon18_edit_allbkg.gif" width="18"/> </a> </span> </span> </div> <div class="post-footer-line post-footer-line-2"><span class="post-labels"> Labels: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/search/label/drilling" rel="tag">drilling</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/search/label/geology" rel="tag">geology</a> </span> </div> <div class="post-footer-line post-footer-line-3"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="date-outer"> <h2 class="date-header"><span>Friday, January 20, 2017</span></h2> <div class="date-posts"> <div class="post-outer"> <div class="post hentry" itemprop="blogPost" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting"> <meta content="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-d0D2otVglm4/WH_9N4MsojI/AAAAAAAAAaQ/Z7zXcOG15psKutJort0_68OJyoQ4LdV2gCLcB/s400/Untitled.png" itemprop="image_url"/> <meta content="5950727852821572506" itemprop="blogId"/> <meta content="3107111198693762243" itemprop="postId"/> <a name="3107111198693762243"></a> <h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/01/bloom-county-and-epa-part-3.html">Bloom County and the EPA, part 3</a> </h3> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post-header-line-1"></div> </div> <div class="post-body entry-content" id="post-body-3107111198693762243" itemprop="description articleBody"> Here's the last bit regarding the EPA. The previous installments are <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/01/bloom-county-and-epa.html">here</a> and <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/01/bloom-county-and-epa-part-2.html">here</a>.<br/> <br/> <br/> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-d0D2otVglm4/WH_9N4MsojI/AAAAAAAAAaQ/Z7zXcOG15psKutJort0_68OJyoQ4LdV2gCLcB/s1600/Untitled.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="276" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043im_/https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-d0D2otVglm4/WH_9N4MsojI/AAAAAAAAAaQ/Z7zXcOG15psKutJort0_68OJyoQ4LdV2gCLcB/s400/Untitled.png" width="400"/></a></div> <br/> I just finished the new <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.amazon.com/Bloom-County-Episode-XI-Hope/dp/163140699X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1484782701&sr=8-1&keywords=berke+breathed">Bloom County book</a> yesterday - highly recommend! <div style="clear: both;"></div> </div> <div class="post-footer"> <div class="post-footer-line post-footer-line-1"><span class="post-author vcard"> Posted by <span class="fn" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <meta content="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/profile/08047258159927129336" itemprop="url"/> <a class="g-profile" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/profile/08047258159927129336" rel="author" title="author profile"> <span itemprop="name">Short Geologist</span> </a> </span> </span> <span class="post-timestamp"> at <meta content="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/01/bloom-county-and-epa-part-3.html" itemprop="url"/> <a class="timestamp-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/01/bloom-county-and-epa-part-3.html" rel="bookmark" title="permanent link"><abbr class="published" itemprop="datePublished" title="2017-01-20T19:03:00-05:00">7:03 PM</abbr></a> </span> <span class="post-comment-link"> <a class="comment-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=5950727852821572506&postID=3107111198693762243&isPopup=true" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.href, "bloggerPopup", "toolbar=0,location=0,statusbar=1,menubar=0,scrollbars=yes,width=640,height=500"); return false;"> No comments: </a> </span> <span class="post-icons"> <span class="item-action"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/email-post.g?blogID=5950727852821572506&postID=3107111198693762243" title="Email Post"> <img alt="" class="icon-action" height="13" src="//web.archive.org/web/20170426025043im_/http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_email.gif" width="18"/> </a> </span> <span class="item-control blog-admin pid-1914745682"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=5950727852821572506&postID=3107111198693762243&from=pencil" title="Edit Post"> <img alt="" class="icon-action" height="18" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043im_/https://resources.blogblog.com/img/icon18_edit_allbkg.gif" width="18"/> </a> </span> </span> </div> <div class="post-footer-line post-footer-line-2"><span class="post-labels"> </span> </div> <div class="post-footer-line post-footer-line-3"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="date-outer"> <h2 class="date-header"><span>Wednesday, January 18, 2017</span></h2> <div class="date-posts"> <div class="post-outer"> <div class="post hentry" itemprop="blogPost" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting"> <meta content="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-vSbWLb7Z0E4/WH_6L0ZRfxI/AAAAAAAAAZ8/cDvJMZfRxTcv64lo_zPfuITHI9kuxvRqACLcB/s400/picture%2B2.png" itemprop="image_url"/> <meta content="5950727852821572506" itemprop="blogId"/> <meta content="8847758811691992607" itemprop="postId"/> <a name="8847758811691992607"></a> <h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/01/bloom-county-and-epa-part-2.html">bloom county and the EPA, part 2</a> </h3> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post-header-line-1"></div> </div> <div class="post-body entry-content" id="post-body-8847758811691992607" itemprop="description articleBody"> This is the 2nd day of my week of old Bloom County comic strips from the early 1980s. See my <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/01/bloom-county-and-epa.html">last post</a> for the first installment.<br/> <br/> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-vSbWLb7Z0E4/WH_6L0ZRfxI/AAAAAAAAAZ8/cDvJMZfRxTcv64lo_zPfuITHI9kuxvRqACLcB/s1600/picture%2B2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="382" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043im_/https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-vSbWLb7Z0E4/WH_6L0ZRfxI/AAAAAAAAAZ8/cDvJMZfRxTcv64lo_zPfuITHI9kuxvRqACLcB/s400/picture%2B2.png" width="400"/></a></div> <br/> Reading these old strips, its amazing how little has changed. Final installment later this week... <div style="clear: both;"></div> </div> <div class="post-footer"> <div class="post-footer-line post-footer-line-1"><span class="post-author vcard"> Posted by <span class="fn" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <meta content="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/profile/08047258159927129336" itemprop="url"/> <a class="g-profile" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/profile/08047258159927129336" rel="author" title="author profile"> <span itemprop="name">Short Geologist</span> </a> </span> </span> <span class="post-timestamp"> at <meta content="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/01/bloom-county-and-epa-part-2.html" itemprop="url"/> <a class="timestamp-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2017/01/bloom-county-and-epa-part-2.html" rel="bookmark" title="permanent link"><abbr class="published" itemprop="datePublished" title="2017-01-18T18:30:00-05:00">6:30 PM</abbr></a> </span> <span class="post-comment-link"> <a class="comment-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=5950727852821572506&postID=8847758811691992607&isPopup=true" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.href, "bloggerPopup", "toolbar=0,location=0,statusbar=1,menubar=0,scrollbars=yes,width=640,height=500"); 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I love my scientific work, but everything else is starting to get to me.</dd> </dl> <a class="profile-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/https://www.blogger.com/profile/08047258159927129336" rel="author">View my complete profile</a> <div class="clear"></div> <span class="widget-item-control"> <span class="item-control blog-admin"> <a class="quickedit" href="//web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID=5950727852821572506&widgetType=Profile&widgetId=Profile1&action=editWidget搂ionId=sidebartop" onclick="return _WidgetManager._PopupConfig(document.getElementById("Profile1"));" target="configProfile1" title="Edit"> <img alt="" height="18" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043im_/https://resources.blogblog.com/img/icon18_wrench_allbkg.png" width="18"/> </a> </span> </span> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </div><div class="widget Text" data-version="1" id="Text1"> <div class="widget-content"> <span style="color:#ccffff;">you can 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class="post-count-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2010/01/"> January </a> <span class="post-count" dir="ltr">(12)</span> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul class="hierarchy"> <li class="archivedate collapsed"> <a class="toggle" href="javascript:void(0)"> <span class="zippy"> ►  </span> </a> <a class="post-count-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2009/"> 2009 </a> <span class="post-count" dir="ltr">(145)</span> <ul class="hierarchy"> <li class="archivedate collapsed"> <a class="toggle" href="javascript:void(0)"> <span class="zippy"> ►  </span> </a> <a class="post-count-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2009/12/"> December </a> <span class="post-count" dir="ltr">(7)</span> </li> </ul> <ul class="hierarchy"> <li class="archivedate collapsed"> <a class="toggle" href="javascript:void(0)"> <span class="zippy"> ►  </span> </a> <a 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<a class="post-count-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2009/08/"> August </a> <span class="post-count" dir="ltr">(3)</span> </li> </ul> <ul class="hierarchy"> <li class="archivedate collapsed"> <a class="toggle" href="javascript:void(0)"> <span class="zippy"> ►  </span> </a> <a class="post-count-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2009/07/"> July </a> <span class="post-count" dir="ltr">(14)</span> </li> </ul> <ul class="hierarchy"> <li class="archivedate collapsed"> <a class="toggle" href="javascript:void(0)"> <span class="zippy"> ►  </span> </a> <a class="post-count-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426025043/http://shortgeologist.blogspot.com/2009/06/"> June </a> <span class="post-count" dir="ltr">(15)</span> </li> </ul> <ul class="hierarchy"> <li class="archivedate collapsed"> <a class="toggle" href="javascript:void(0)"> <span class="zippy"> ►  </span> </a> <a 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