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<li><a href="/wiki/Cantonese_Transliteration_Scheme" title="Cantonese Transliteration Scheme">Cantonese Transliteration Scheme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Government_Cantonese_Romanisation" title="Hong Kong Government Cantonese Romanisation">Hong Kong Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macau_Government_Cantonese_Romanization" title="Macau Government Cantonese Romanization">Macau Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meyer%E2%80%93Wempe" title="Meyer–Wempe">Meyer–Wempe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Lau_romanisation" title="Sidney Lau romanisation">Sidney Lau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._L._Wong_(phonetic_symbols)" title="S. L. Wong (phonetic symbols)">S. L. Wong (phonetic symbols)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._L._Wong_(romanisation)" title="S. L. Wong (romanisation)">S. L. Wong (romanization)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ILE_romanization_of_Cantonese" title="ILE romanization of Cantonese">ILE romani<s>z</s>ation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_Romanization_(Cantonese)" title="Standard Romanization (Cantonese)">Standard Romanization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnett%E2%80%93Chao" class="mw-redirect" title="Barnett–Chao">Barnett–Chao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Cantonese_romanization_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Comparison of Cantonese romanization systems"> <i>Comparison chart</i></a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Min_Chinese" title="Min Chinese">Min</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hokkien" title="Hokkien">Hokkien</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" title="Pe̍h-ōe-jī">Pe̍h-ōe-jī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_Literal_Taiwanese" title="Modern Literal Taiwanese">Modern Literal Taiwanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phofsit_Daibuun" title="Phofsit Daibuun">Phofsit Daibuun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latinxua_Sin_Wenz" title="Latinxua Sin Wenz">Habhunwe Latinxua Sin Bhundzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bb%C3%A1nl%C3%A1m_p%C3%ACngy%C4%ABm" title="Bbánlám pìngyīm">Bbánlám pìngyīm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daighi_tongiong_pingim" class="mw-redirect" title="Daighi tongiong pingim">Daighi tongiong pingim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Language_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Taiwanese Language Phonetic Alphabet">TLPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Romanization_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese Romanization System">Tâi-lô</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Hokkien_writing_systems" title="Comparison of Hokkien writing systems">Comparison chart</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Teochew_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Teochew dialect">Teochew</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peng%27im" title="Peng'im">Peng'im</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teochew_Romanization" title="Teochew Romanization">Pe̍h-ūe-jī</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Min" title="Eastern Min">Fuzhounese</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foochow_Romanized" class="mw-redirect" title="Foochow Romanized">Foochow Romanized</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuzhou_Transliteration_Scheme" title="Fuzhou Transliteration Scheme">Fuzhou Transliteration Scheme</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Min" title="Northern Min">Northern Min</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kienning_Colloquial_Romanized" title="Kienning Colloquial Romanized">Kienning Colloquial Romanized</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Pu-Xian_Min" class="mw-redirect" title="Pu-Xian Min">Pu-Xian Min</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hinghwa_Romanized" title="Hinghwa Romanized">Hinghwa Romanized</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hainanese" title="Hainanese">Hainanese</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hainan_Romanized" class="mw-redirect" title="Hainan Romanized">Hainan Romanized</a> (<a href="/wiki/Haikou_dialect" title="Haikou dialect">Haikou dialect</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hainanese_Transliteration_Scheme" title="Hainanese Transliteration Scheme">Hainanese Transliteration Scheme</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wenchang_dialect" title="Wenchang dialect">Wenchang dialect</a>)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Shao%E2%80%93Jiang_Min" title="Shao–Jiang Min">Shao–Jiang Min</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romanized_Shaowu" title="Romanized Shaowu">Romanized Shaowu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Shaowu_dialect" title="Shaowu dialect">Shaowu dialect</a>)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Gan_Chinese" title="Gan Chinese">Gan</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Chang%E2%80%93Du_Gan" title="Chang–Du Gan">Chang-Du</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pinfa" title="Pinfa">Pinfa</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Hakka_Chinese" title="Hakka Chinese">Hakka</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Meixian_dialect" title="Meixian dialect">Meixian</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pinfa" title="Pinfa">Pinfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hagfa_Pinyim" title="Hagfa Pinyim">Hagfa Pinyim</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Sixian_dialect" title="Sixian dialect">Sixian</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pha%CC%8Dk-fa-s%E1%B9%B3" title="Pha̍k-fa-sṳ">Pha̍k-fa-sṳ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Language_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Taiwanese Language Phonetic Alphabet">TLPA</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Xiang_Chinese" title="Xiang Chinese">Xiang</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Chang%E2%80%93Yi_dialects" class="mw-redirect" title="Chang–Yi dialects">Chang–Yi</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pinfa" title="Pinfa">Pinfa</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Diasystem" title="Diasystem">Polylectal</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/General_Chinese" title="General Chinese">General Chinese</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Chinese#Romanized_General_Chinese" title="General Chinese">Romanized General Chinese</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> See also</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Other transliterations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Chinese#Character-based_General_Chinese" title="General Chinese">Character-based General Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrillization_of_Chinese" title="Cyrillization of Chinese">Cyrillization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiao%27erjing" title="Xiao'erjing">Xiao'erjing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CA%BCPhags-pa_script" title="ʼPhags-pa script">ʼPhags-pa script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" title="Bopomofo">Bopomofo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_kana" title="Taiwanese kana">Taiwanese kana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Phonetic_Symbols" title="Taiwanese Phonetic Symbols">Taiwanese Phonetic Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transcription_into_Chinese_characters" title="Transcription into Chinese characters">Transcription into Chinese</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">By place</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_name" title="Hong Kong name">Romanization in Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_language_romanisation_in_Singapore" title="Chinese language romanisation in Singapore">Romanization in Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_language_romanization_in_Taiwan" title="Chinese language romanization in Taiwan">Romanization in Taiwan</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Transliteration_of_Chinese" title="Template:Transliteration of Chinese"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Transliteration_of_Chinese" title="Template talk:Transliteration of Chinese"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Transliteration_of_Chinese" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Transliteration of Chinese"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Lessing-Othmer</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Chinese" title="Romanization of Chinese">romanization</a> of <a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese">Mandarin</a> <a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a> that was introduced by <a href="/w/index.php?title=F._Lessing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="F. Lessing (page does not exist)">F. Lessing</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Lessing" class="extiw" title="de:Ferdinand Lessing">de</a>]</span> and Dr. W. Othmer, who in 1912 printed their book „Lehrgang der nordchinesischen Umgangssprache“ („Course in the North Chinese Colloquial Language“) through the „Deutsch-Chinesische Druckerei und Verlagsanstalt“ in <a href="/wiki/Qingdao" title="Qingdao">Qingdao</a> while it was a <a href="/wiki/Kiautschou_Bay_concession" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiautschou Bay concession">German colony</a>. </p><p>In 1979, the State Council of the People's Republic of China for Romanization ruled that translations of foreign-language publications should utilize Lessing-Othmer romanization in <a href="/wiki/List_of_territorial_entities_where_German_is_an_official_language" class="mw-redirect" title="List of territorial entities where German is an official language">German-speaking countries</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">Pinyin</a> in English-speaking countries.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Table">Table</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lessing-Othmer&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Table"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The tones romanized differently from <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">Pinyin</a> are highlighted in blue. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Initial">Initial</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lessing-Othmer&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Initial"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2" colspan="2"></th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Bilabial_consonant" title="Bilabial consonant">Bilabial</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Labiodental_consonant" title="Labiodental consonant">Labiodental</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Alveolar_consonant" title="Alveolar consonant">Alveolar</a></th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Retroflex_consonant" title="Retroflex consonant">Retroflex</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Alveolo-palatal_consonant" title="Alveolo-palatal consonant">Alveolo-palatal</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Velar_consonant" title="Velar consonant">Velar</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Voicelessness" title="Voicelessness">Voiceless</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Voice_(phonetics)" title="Voice (phonetics)">Voiced</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Voicelessness" title="Voicelessness">Voiceless</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Voicelessness" title="Voicelessness">Voiceless</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Voice_(phonetics)" title="Voice (phonetics)">Voiced</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Voicelessness" title="Voicelessness">Voiceless</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Voice_(phonetics)" title="Voice (phonetics)">Voiced</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Voicelessness" title="Voicelessness">Voiceless</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Voicelessness" title="Voicelessness">Voiceless</a> </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Nasal_consonant" title="Nasal consonant">Nasal</a> </th> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bilabial_nasal" class="mw-redirect" title="Bilabial nasal"><b><big>m</big></b> [m]</a><br />ㄇ m</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alveolar_nasal" class="mw-redirect" title="Alveolar nasal"><b><big>n</big></b> [n]</a><br />ㄋ n</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Plosive" title="Plosive">Plosive</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Aspirated_consonant" title="Aspirated consonant">Unaspirated</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_bilabial_plosive" title="Voiceless bilabial plosive"><b><big>b</big></b> [p]</a><br />ㄅ b</td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_plosive" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless alveolar plosive"><b><big>d</big></b> [t]</a><br />ㄉ d</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_velar_plosive" title="Voiceless velar plosive"><b><big>g</big></b> [k]</a><br />ㄍ g </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/wiki/Aspirated_consonant" title="Aspirated consonant">Aspirated</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_bilabial_plosive" title="Voiceless bilabial plosive"><b><big>p</big></b> [pʰ]</a><br />ㄆ p</td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_plosive" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless alveolar plosive"><b><big>t</big></b> [tʰ]</a><br />ㄊ t</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_velar_plosive" title="Voiceless velar plosive"><b><big>k</big></b> [kʰ]</a><br />ㄎ k </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Affricate_consonant" class="mw-redirect" title="Affricate consonant">Affricate</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Aspirated_consonant" title="Aspirated consonant">Unaspirated</a> </th> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td style="background:#CFF;"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_affricate" title="Voiceless alveolar affricate"><b><big>ds</big></b> [ts]</a><br />ㄗ z</td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#CFF;"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_retroflex_affricate" title="Voiceless retroflex affricate"><b><big>dsch</big></b> [ʈʂ]</a><br />ㄓ zh</td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#CFF;"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolo-palatal_affricate" title="Voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate"><b><big>dj</big></b> [tɕ]</a><br />ㄐ j</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/wiki/Aspirated_consonant" title="Aspirated consonant">Aspirated</a> </th> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td style="background:#CFF;"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_affricate" title="Voiceless alveolar affricate"><b><big>ts</big></b> [tsʰ]</a><br />ㄘ c</td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#CFF;"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_retroflex_affricate" title="Voiceless retroflex affricate"><b><big>tsch</big></b> [ʈʂʰ]</a><br />ㄔ ch</td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#CFF;"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolo-palatal_affricate" title="Voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate"><b><big>tj</big></b> [tɕʰ]</a><br />ㄑ q</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Fricative_consonant" class="mw-redirect" title="Fricative consonant">Fricative</a> </th> <td></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_labiodental_fricative" title="Voiceless labiodental fricative"><b><big>f</big></b> [f]</a><br />ㄈ f </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_sibilant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless alveolar sibilant"><b><big>s</big></b> [s]</a><br />ㄙ s</td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#CFF;"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_retroflex_sibilant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless retroflex sibilant"><b><big>sch</big></b> [ʂ]</a><br />ㄕ sh</td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#CFF;"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolo-palatal_sibilant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless alveolo-palatal sibilant"><b><big>hs</big></b> [ɕ]</a><br />ㄒ x </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_velar_fricative" title="Voiceless velar fricative"><b><big>h</big></b> [x]</a><br />ㄏ h </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Liquid_consonant" title="Liquid consonant">Liquid</a> </th> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alveolar_lateral_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Alveolar lateral approximant"><b><big>l</big></b> [l]</a><br />ㄌ l</td> <td></td> <td style="background:#CFF;"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_retroflex_sibilant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced retroflex sibilant"><b><big>j</big></b> [ɻ~ʐ]</a><br />ㄖ r</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Finals">Finals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lessing-Othmer&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Finals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" rowspan="2"> </th> <th colspan="13">Coda </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">∅</th> <th colspan="2"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/i/</span></th> <th colspan="2"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/u/</span></th> <th colspan="2"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/n/</span></th> <th colspan="3"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ŋ/</span></th> <th><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɻ/</span> </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4">Medial </th> <th>∅ </th> <td><b><big>ï</big></b> [ɨ]<br />ㄭ<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MoeKai_Bopomofo_U%2B312D.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/MoeKai_Bopomofo_U%2B312D.svg/15px-MoeKai_Bopomofo_U%2B312D.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/MoeKai_Bopomofo_U%2B312D.svg/23px-MoeKai_Bopomofo_U%2B312D.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/MoeKai_Bopomofo_U%2B312D.svg/30px-MoeKai_Bopomofo_U%2B312D.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> -i</td> <td bgcolor="#cff"><b><big>ö</big></b> [ɤ]<br />ㄜ e</td> <td><b><big>a</big></b> [a]<br />ㄚ a </td> <td bgcolor="#cff"><b><big>e</big></b> [ei]<br />ㄟ ei</td> <td><b><big>ai</big></b> [ai]<br />ㄞ ai </td> <td><b><big>ou</big></b> [ou]<br />ㄡ ou</td> <td bgcolor="#cff"><b><big>au</big></b> [au]<br />ㄠ ao </td> <td bgcolor="#cff"><b><big>ën</big></b> [ən]<br />ㄣ en</td> <td><b><big>an</big></b> [an]<br />ㄢ an </td> <td bgcolor="#cff"><b><big>ung</big></b> [ʊŋ]<br />ㄨㄥ ong</td> <td bgcolor="#cff"><b><big>ëng</big></b> [əŋ]<br />ㄥ eng</td> <td><b><big>ang</big></b> [aŋ]<br />ㄤ ang </td> <td bgcolor="#cff"><b><big>örl</big></b> [aɚ]<br />ㄦ er </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/j/</span> </th> <td><b><big>i</big></b> [i]<br />ㄧ i</td> <td bgcolor="#cff"><b><big>iä</big></b> [je]<br />ㄧㄝ ie</td> <td><b><big>ia</big></b> [ja]<br />ㄧㄚ ia </td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td><b><big>iu</big></b> [jou]<br />ㄧㄡ iu</td> <td bgcolor="#cff"><b><big>iau</big></b> [jau]<br />ㄧㄠ iao </td> <td><b><big>in</big></b> [in]<br />ㄧㄣ in</td> <td bgcolor="#cff"><b><big>iän</big></b> [jɛn]<br />ㄧㄢ ian </td> <td bgcolor="#cff"><b><big>iung</big></b> [jʊŋ]<br />ㄩㄥ iong</td> <td><b><big>ing</big></b> [iŋ]<br />ㄧㄥ ing</td> <td><b><big>iang</big></b> [jaŋ]<br />ㄧㄤ iang </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/w/</span> </th> <td><b><big>u</big></b> [u]<br />ㄨ u</td> <td bgcolor="#cff"><b><big>o</big></b> [wo]<br />ㄨㄛ uo</td> <td><b><big>ua</big></b> [wa]<br />ㄨㄚ ua </td> <td><b><big>ui</big></b> [wei]<br />ㄨㄟ ui</td> <td><b><big>uai</big></b> [wai]<br />ㄨㄞ uai </td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td><b><big>un</big></b> [wən]<br />ㄨㄣ un</td> <td><b><big>uan</big></b> [wan]<br />ㄨㄢ uan </td> <td></td> <td bgcolor="#cff"><b><big>ung</big></b> [wəŋ]<br />ㄨㄥ ueng</td> <td><b><big>uang</big></b> [waŋ]<br />ㄨㄤ uang </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɥ/</span> </th> <td><b><big>ü</big></b> [y]<br />ㄩ ü</td> <td bgcolor="#cff"><b><big>üä</big></b> [ɥe]<br />ㄩㄝ üe</td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td><b><big>ün</big></b> [yn]<br />ㄩㄣ ün</td> <td><b><big>üan</big></b> [ɥɛn]<br />ㄩㄢ üan </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lessing-Othmer&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Encyclopædia Britannica, 2004 edition, "Pinyin romanization" article</span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lessing-Othmer&oldid=1245136123">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lessing-Othmer&oldid=1245136123</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Romanization_of_Chinese" title="Category:Romanization of Chinese">Romanization of Chinese</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden category: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_plain_IPA" title="Category:Pages with plain IPA">Pages with plain IPA</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> 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