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class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=no.wikipedia.org&uselang=nb" class=""><span>Doner</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Opprett_konto&returnto=Sosiologi" title="Du oppfordres til å opprette en konto og logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk" class=""><span>Opprett konto</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Logg_inn&returnto=Sosiologi" title="Du oppfordres til å logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk [o]" accesskey="o" 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inn</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Nettsted"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innhold" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innhold</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Til toppen)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Definisjon_og_avgrensning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definisjon_og_avgrensning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Definisjon og avgrensning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Definisjon_og_avgrensning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Historie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Retninger" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Retninger"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Retninger</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Retninger-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sosiologer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sosiologer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Sosiologer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sosiologer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Publisering" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publisering"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Publisering</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Publisering-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referanser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referanser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Referanser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referanser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_lenker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_lenker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Eksterne lenker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_lenker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sosiologi</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 167 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-167" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">167 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologi" title="Sosiologi – norsk nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sosiologi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norsk nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologi" title="Sociologi – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sociologi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologi" title="Sociologi – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sociologi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A9lagsfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Félagsfræði – islandsk" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Félagsfræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologie" title="Sosiologie – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sosiologie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soziologie" title="Soziologie – sveitsertysk" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Soziologie" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="sveitsertysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A8%E1%89%A3%E1%88%95%E1%88%8D_%E1%8C%A5%E1%8A%93%E1%89%B5" title="የባሕል ጥናት – amharisk" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="የባሕል ጥናት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9" title="علم الاجتماع – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="علم الاجتماع" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socioloch%C3%ADa" title="Sociolochía – aragonsk" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Sociolochía" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologia" title="Sociologia – arpitansk" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Sociologia" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="arpitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC" title="সমাজতত্ত্ব – assamesisk" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="সমাজতত্ত্ব" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociolox%C3%ADa" title="Socioloxía – asturisk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Socioloxía" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avarekokuaaty" title="Avarekokuaaty – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Avarekokuaaty" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologiya" title="Sosiologiya – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sosiologiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C" title="توپلوم‌بیلیمی – søraserbajdsjansk" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="توپلوم‌بیلیمی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="søraserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="সমাজবিজ্ঞান – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সমাজবিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaji_masarakat" title="Kaji masarakat – banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Kaji masarakat" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C4%81-ho%C4%93-ha%CC%8Dk" title="Siā-hoē-ha̍k – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Siā-hoē-ha̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Социология – basjkirsk" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Социология" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="basjkirsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Сацыялогія – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сацыялогія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Сацыялёгія – belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сацыялёгія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="समाजशास्त्र – bihari" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="समाजशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="bihari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyolohiya" title="Sosyolohiya – sentralbikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Sosyolohiya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="sentralbikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Социология – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Социология" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%A4%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%9A%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BC%8D" title="སྤྱི་ཚོགས་རིག་པ། – tibetansk" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སྤྱི་ཚོགས་རིག་པ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmerket artikkel-merke"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologija" title="Sociologija – bosnisk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sociologija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologia" title="Sociologia – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sociologia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Социологи – tsjuvasjisk" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Социологи" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tsjuvasjisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyolohiya" title="Sosyolohiya – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Sosyolohiya" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologie" title="Sociologie – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sociologie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruambanzanga" title="Ruambanzanga – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Ruambanzanga" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suciolugia" title="Suciolugia – korsikansk" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Suciolugia" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korsikansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cymdeithaseg" title="Cymdeithaseg – walisisk" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cymdeithaseg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soziologie" title="Soziologie – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Soziologie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotsioloogia" title="Sotsioloogia – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sotsioloogia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Κοινωνιολογία – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κοινωνιολογία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociolog%C3%ACa" title="Sociologìa – emiliano-romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Sociologìa" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="emiliano-romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociology" title="Sociology – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sociology" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociolog%C3%ADa" title="Sociología – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sociología" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologio" title="Sociologio – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sociologio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologia" title="Sociologia – ekstremaduransk" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Sociologia" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="ekstremaduransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soziologia" title="Soziologia – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Soziologia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="جامعه‌شناسی – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جامعه‌شناسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologie" title="Sociologie – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sociologie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosjology" title="Sosjology – vestfrisisk" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Sosjology" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="vestfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologjie" title="Sociologjie – friuliansk" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Sociologjie" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friuliansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socheola%C3%ADocht" title="Socheolaíocht – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Socheolaíocht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheshoaylleeaght" title="Sheshoaylleeaght – mansk" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Sheshoaylleeaght" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%C3%B2las-comainn" title="Eòlas-comainn – skotsk-gælisk" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Eòlas-comainn" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skotsk-gælisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociolox%C3%ADa" title="Socioloxía – galisisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Socioloxía" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E5%AD%B8" title="社會學 – gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="社會學" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B6%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0" title="સમાજશાસ્ત્ર – gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="સમાજશાસ્ત્ર" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%AC%ED%9A%8C%ED%95%99" title="사회학 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="사회학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimiyar_al%27umma" title="Kimiyar al'umma – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Kimiyar al'umma" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Սոցիոլոգիա – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սոցիոլոգիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="समाजशास्त्र – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="समाजशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologija" title="Sociologija – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sociologija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologio" title="Sociologio – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Sociologio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologi" title="Sosiologi – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sosiologi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologia" title="Sociologia – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Sociologia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologie" title="Sociologie – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Sociologie" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Социологи – ossetisk" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Социологи" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISosioloji" title="ISosioloji – xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="ISosioloji" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologia" title="Sociologia – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sociologia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%92%D7%99%D7%94" title="סוציולוגיה – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סוציולוגיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologi" title="Sosiologi – javanesisk" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Sosiologi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0" title="ಸಮಾಜಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಮಾಜಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Социология – karatsjajbalkarsk" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Социология" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karatsjajbalkarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="სოციოლოგია – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სოციოლოგია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83" title="Әлеуметтану – kasakhisk" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Әлеуметтану" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakhisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosholojia" title="Sosholojia – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sosholojia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyoloji" title="Sosyoloji – haitisk" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Sosyoloji" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyoloji" title="Sosyoloji – franskguyansk kreol" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Sosyoloji" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="franskguyansk kreol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civaknas%C3%AE" title="Civaknasî – kurdisk" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Civaknasî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Википедия:Сомо/Социология – kirgisisk" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Википедия:Сомо/Социология" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soziologia" title="Soziologia – ladinsk" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Soziologia" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="ladinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiolojiya" title="Sosiolojiya – jødespansk" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Sosiolojiya" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="jødespansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologia" title="Sociologia – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Sociologia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociolo%C4%A3ija" title="Socioloģija – latvisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Socioloģija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soziologie" title="Soziologie – luxemburgsk" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Soziologie" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologija" title="Sociologija – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sociologija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B2ciologia" title="Sòciologia – ligurisk" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Sòciologia" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligurisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologie" title="Sociologie – limburgsk" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Sociologie" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiolojia" title="Sosiolojia – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Sosiolojia" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologia" title="Sociologia – lombardisk" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Sociologia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szociol%C3%B3gia" title="Szociológia – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szociológia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Социологија – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Социологија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B4si%C3%B4l%C3%B4jia" title="Sôsiôlôjia – gassisk" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Sôsiôlôjia" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="gassisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="സമൂഹശാസ്ത്രം – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സമൂഹശാസ്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/So%C4%8Bjolo%C4%A1ija" title="Soċjoloġija – maltesisk" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Soċjoloġija" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="समाजशास्त्र – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="समाजशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="სოციოლოგია – mingrelsk" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სოციოლოგია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="سوسيولوجيا – egyptisk arabisk" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سوسيولوجيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologi" title="Sosiologi – malayisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sosiologi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologie" title="Sociologie – mirandesisk" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Sociologie" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B0%E1%80%99%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AF%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92" title="လူမှုဗေဒ – burmesisk" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="လူမှုဗေဒ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociology" title="Sociology – fijiansk" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Sociology" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fijiansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologie" title="Sociologie – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sociologie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosjologie" title="Sosjologie – nedersaksisk" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Sosjologie" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="nedersaksisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="समाजशास्त्र – nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="समाजशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="समाजशास्त्र – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="समाजशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%AD%A6" title="社会学 – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="社会学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosjologii" title="Sosjologii – nordfrisisk" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Sosjologii" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nordfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologie" title="Sociologie – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Sociologie" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologia" title="Sosiologia – novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Sosiologia" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologia" title="Sociologia – oksitansk" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sociologia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Социологий – østmarisk" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Социологий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="østmarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%9C_%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9E%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8" title="ସମାଜ ବିଜ୍ଞାନ – odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ସମାଜ ବିଜ୍ଞାନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiwwaasa" title="Xiwwaasa – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Xiwwaasa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotsiologiya" title="Sotsiologiya – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sotsiologiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9C_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B0" title="ਸਮਾਜ ਸ਼ਾਸਤਰ – panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਮਾਜ ਸ਼ਾਸਤਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="عمرانیات – vestpunjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="عمرانیات" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="vestpunjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologia" title="Sosiologia – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Sosiologia" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BC%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="ټولنپوهنه – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ټولنپوهنه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suosialaji" title="Suosialaji – jamaicansk kreolengelsk" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Suosialaji" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="jamaicansk kreolengelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%B6" title="សង្គមវិទ្យា – khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="សង្គមវិទ្យា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociolodjie" title="Sociolodjie – pikardisk" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Sociolodjie" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="pikardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiolosi" title="Sosiolosi – tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Sosiolosi" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soziologie" title="Soziologie – nedertysk" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Soziologie" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="nedertysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socjologia" title="Socjologia – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Socjologia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologia" title="Sociologia – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sociologia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologie" title="Sociologie – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sociologie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D2%91%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Соціолоґія – rusinsk" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Соціолоґія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmerket artikkel-merke"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Социология – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Социология" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Социология – sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Социология" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="समाजशास्त्रम् – sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="समाजशास्त्रम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmerket artikkel-merke"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotziologia" title="Sotziologia – sardisk" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Sotziologia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociology" title="Sociology – skotsk" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Sociology" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologjia" title="Sociologjia – albansk" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Sociologjia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suciulugg%C3%ACa" title="Suciuluggìa – siciliansk" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Suciuluggìa" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociology" title="Sociology – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sociology" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="سماجيات – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سماجيات" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociol%C3%B3gia" title="Sociológia – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Sociológia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologija" title="Sociologija – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sociologija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%85%DB%95%DA%B5%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="کۆمەڵناسی – sentralkurdisk" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کۆمەڵناسی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sentralkurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Социологија – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Социологија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologija" title="Sociologija – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sociologija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologi" title="Sosiologi – sundanesisk" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Sosiologi" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologia" title="Sosiologia – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sosiologia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyolohiya" title="Sosyolohiya – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Sosyolohiya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="சமூகவியல் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சமூகவியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasnamunt" title="Tasnamunt – tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tasnamunt" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Социология – tatarisk" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Социология" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95_%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="సామాజిక శాస్త్రం – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సామాజిక శాస్త్రం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2" title="สังคมวิทยา – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สังคมวิทยา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B6%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3" title="Ҷомеашиносӣ – tadsjikisk" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҷомеашиносӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadsjikisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyoloji" title="Sosyoloji – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sosyoloji" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologi%C3%BDa" title="Sosiologiýa – turkmensk" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Sosiologiýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Соціологія – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Соціологія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="عمرانیات – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عمرانیات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%95%D9%85%D8%A6%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95%D8%AA%D8%B4%DB%87%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%89%D9%82" title="جەمئىيەتشۇناسلىق – uigurisk" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="جەمئىيەتشۇناسلىق" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigurisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socio%C5%82ozia" title="Sociołozia – venetiansk" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Sociołozia" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetiansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/X%C3%A3_h%E1%BB%99i_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Xã hội học – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Xã hội học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotsioloogia" title="Sotsioloogia – sørestisk" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Sotsioloogia" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="sørestisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyolohiya" title="Sosyolohiya – waray-waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sosyolohiya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray-waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%AD%A6" title="社会学 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="社会学" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%92%D7%99%D7%A2" title="סאציאלאגיע – jiddisk" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סאציאלאגיע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8C%E1%B9%A3e%E1%BB%8D%CC%80r%E1%BB%8D%CC%80%C3%A0w%C3%B9j%E1%BB%8D" title="Ìṣeọ̀rọ̀àwùjọ – joruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìṣeọ̀rọ̀àwùjọ" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="joruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E5%AD%B8" title="社會學 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="社會學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyolociye" title="Sosyolociye – dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Sosyolociye" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociolohie" title="Sociolohie – zeeuws" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Sociolohie" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="zeeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suoc%C4%93luog%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Suocēluogėjė – samogitisk" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Suocēluogėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%AD%A6" title="社会学 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="社会学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88lmu_kemasarakatan" title="Èlmu kemasarakatan – betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Èlmu kemasarakatan" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologi" title="Sosiologi – sentraldusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Sosiologi" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="sentraldusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologi" title="Sosiologi – iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Sosiologi" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A1%E2%B5%A1%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%94:%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%9C" title="ⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ:ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ – standard marrokansk tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ:ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="standard marrokansk tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q21201#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Rediger lenker til artikkelen på andre språk" class="wbc-editpage">Rediger lenker</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Navnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sosiologi" title="Vis innholdssiden [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskusjon:Sosiologi" rel="discussion" title="Diskusjon om innholdssiden [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Bytt språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">norsk bokmål</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visninger"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sosiologi"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&action=history" title="Tidligere sideversjoner av denne siden [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktøy" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Verktøy</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verktøy</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Flere alternativer" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Handlinger </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sosiologi"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&action=history"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generelt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Lenker_hit/Sosiologi" title="Liste over alle wikisider som lenker hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Lenker hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Relaterte_endringer/Sosiologi" rel="nofollow" title="Siste endringer i sider som blir lenket fra denne siden [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterte endringer</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=no" title="Last opp filer [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Last opp fil</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Spesialsider" title="Liste over alle spesialsider [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesialsider</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&oldid=24782969" title="Permanent lenke til denne versjonen av siden"><span>Permanent lenke</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&action=info" title="Mer informasjon om denne siden"><span>Sideinformasjon</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Siteringshjelp&page=Sosiologi&id=24782969&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasjon om hvordan denne siden kan siteres"><span>Siter denne siden</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:UrlQ%C4%B1sald%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fno.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSosiologi"><span>Hent forkortet URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:QrKodu&url=https%3A%2F%2Fno.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSosiologi"><span>Last ned QR-kode</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skriv ut / eksporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Sosiologi&action=show-download-screen"><span>Last ned som PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&printable=yes" title="Utskriftsvennlig versjon av denne siden [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Utskriftsvennlig versjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> På andre prosjekter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sociology" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia 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dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24786197">.mw-parser-output .navboks-vertikal{float:right;clear:right;width:14rem;text-align:center;border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#aaa);font-size:0.875rem;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f9f9f9);padding:0.25rem}.mw-parser-output .navboks-vertikal .navboks-vertikal-emne{color:var(--color-base,#000);background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#aaa)}</style> <table class="navboks-vertikal" style="border-color:orange;"> <tbody><tr> <th><small><span style="font-weight:normal;">Artikkelen inngår i serien om</span></small><br /> <p><span style="font-size:175%"><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sosiologi</a></b></span> </p> </th></tr> <tr> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navboks-vertikal-emne" style="background-color:orange;;"><b>Teori</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Positivisme" title="Positivisme">Positivisme</a> • <a href="/wiki/Funksjonalisme_(sosiologi)" title="Funksjonalisme (sosiologi)">Funksjonalisme</a> • <a href="/wiki/Rasjonelle_valg" class="mw-redirect" title="Rasjonelle valg">Rasjonelle valg</a> • <a href="/wiki/Spillteori" title="Spillteori">Spillteori</a> • <a href="/wiki/Harmonimodell" title="Harmonimodell">Harmonimodell</a> • <a href="/wiki/Konfliktmodell" title="Konfliktmodell">Konfliktmodell</a> • <a href="/wiki/Historisk_materialisme" title="Historisk materialisme">Historisk materialisme</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sosiobiologi" title="Sosiobiologi">Sosiobiologi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mikrointeraksjonisme" title="Mikrointeraksjonisme">Mikrointeraksjonisme</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navboks-vertikal-emne" style="background-color:orange;"><b>Forskningsmetoder</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Kvantitativ_metode" title="Kvantitativ metode">Kvantitativ</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kvalitativ_metode" title="Kvalitativ metode">Kvalitativ</a> • <a href="/wiki/Etnografi" title="Etnografi">Etnografisk</a> • <a href="/wiki/Analyse_av_sosiale_nettverk" title="Analyse av sosiale nettverk">Nettverk-analytisk</a> • <a href="/wiki/Diskursanalyse" title="Diskursanalyse">Diskursanalyse</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navboks-vertikal-emne" style="background-color:orange;"><b>Emner</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Modernitet_(Sosiologi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Modernitet (Sosiologi) (ikke skrevet ennå)">Modernitet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Historisk_sosiologi" title="Historisk sosiologi">Historie</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kriminologi" title="Kriminologi">Kriminologi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Demografi" title="Demografi">Demografi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Familiesosiologi" title="Familiesosiologi">Familie</a> • <a href="/wiki/Rettssosiologi" title="Rettssosiologi">Rettsvesen</a> • <a href="/wiki/Politisk_sosiologi" title="Politisk sosiologi">Politikk</a> • <a href="/wiki/Religionssosiologi" title="Religionssosiologi">Religion</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sosialpsykologi_(sosiologi)" title="Sosialpsykologi (sosiologi)">Sosialpsykologi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kj%C3%B8nnsrolle" class="mw-redirect" title="Kjønnsrolle">Kjønn</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sosialpedagogikk" title="Sosialpedagogikk">Pedagogikk</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navboks-vertikal-emne" style="background-color:orange;"><b>Begreper</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Sosialisering" title="Sosialisering">Sosialisering</a> • <a href="/wiki/Norm" title="Norm">Norm</a> • <a href="/wiki/Institusjon" title="Institusjon">Institusjon</a> • <a href="/wiki/Akt%C3%B8r" title="Aktør">Aktør</a> • <a href="/wiki/Identitet" title="Identitet">Identitet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Differensiering_(sosiologi)" title="Differensiering (sosiologi)">Differensiering</a> • <a href="/wiki/Klasse_(sosiologi)" title="Klasse (sosiologi)">Klasse</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sosial_lagdeling" title="Sosial lagdeling">Lagdeling</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sosial_mobilitet" title="Sosial mobilitet">Mobilitet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Marginalisering" title="Marginalisering">Marginalisering</a> • <a href="/wiki/Stigmatisering" title="Stigmatisering">Stigmatisering</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fremmedgj%C3%B8ring" title="Fremmedgjøring">Fremmedgjøring</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gemeinschaft" title="Gemeinschaft">Gemeinschaft</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gesellschaft" title="Gesellschaft">Gesellschaft</a> • <a href="/wiki/Habitus_(sosiologi)" title="Habitus (sosiologi)">Habitus</a> </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Sosiologi</b> er en <a href="/wiki/Samfunnsvitenskap" title="Samfunnsvitenskap">samfunnsvitenskap</a> som studerer mennesker i samfunn, og beskrives ofte som den bredeste av samfunnsvitenskapene. Fagets fokus er sosial <a href="/wiki/Atferd" title="Atferd">atferd</a> og sosiale fellesskap, inkludert deres opphav, utvikling, organisering, nettverk og institusjoner.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Det studerer mange ulike deler av samfunnet og interaksjoner mellom mennesker. Også metodisk er faget kjennetegnet av bredde; sosiologi kan spenne fra <a href="/wiki/Kvantitativ_metode" title="Kvantitativ metode">kvantitativt</a> orientert forskning som bygger mye på <a href="/wiki/Statistikk" title="Statistikk">statistikk</a>, via <a href="/wiki/Kvalitativ_metode" title="Kvalitativ metode">kvalitative</a> empiriske studier, til teoretisk arbeid som ligger nær opp til <a href="/wiki/Filosofi" title="Filosofi">filosofi</a>; mye amerikansk og annen moderne vestlig sosiologi er relativt kvantitativt orientert og bygger ofte på studier av registerdata med statistiske metoder. Begrepet sosiologi ble skapt av <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Comte" title="Auguste Comte">Auguste Comte</a>, som så for seg en ny vitenskap som omfattet både <a href="/wiki/Historie" title="Historie">historie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Psykologi" title="Psykologi">psykologi</a> og <a href="/wiki/Samfunns%C3%B8konomi" title="Samfunnsøkonomi">økonomi</a>, og bandt dem sammen til en sammenhengende helhet. </p><p>I Norge ble <a href="/wiki/Norsk_sosiologforening" title="Norsk sosiologforening">Norsk sosiologforening</a> etablert i 1949, og har siden samlet medlemmer og arbeidet for å fremme sosiologi som fag, blant annet gjennom å utgi tidsskrift, holde konferanser og debatter.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definisjon_og_avgrensning">Definisjon og avgrensning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: Definisjon og avgrensning" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Definisjon og avgrensning"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Det finnes et mangfold av forklaringer som forsøker å definere hva sosiologi er og hvilke fenomener faget studerer. Professor i sosiologi <a href="/wiki/Per_Morten_Schiefloe" title="Per Morten Schiefloe">Per Morten Schiefloe</a> presenterer en tredelt, kortfattet forklaring<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>: </p> <ul><li>Sosiologien er et fag der man studerer og prøver å forstå hvordan samfunnet er bygd opp og fungerer. Man prøver også å si noe om hvorfor og hvordan samfunnet forandrer seg.</li> <li>I sosiologien arbeides det med spørsmål som dreier seg om hvordan mennesker ordner seg når de går sammen i grupper, nettverk eller organisasjoner, og om egenskaper og virkemåter ved ulike typer av slike sammenslutninger.</li> <li>Sosiologien er opptatt av å forstå enkeltmenneskers atferd og situasjon, sett i sammenheng med de mellommenneskelige omgivelsene og det samfunnet de er en del av.</li></ul> <p>En vanlig forståelse av sosiologi er at faget er en studie av <i>mennesket i samfunnet og samfunnet i mennesket.</i> Dette innebærer at man studerer hvordan mennesker påvirker samfunn, og hvordan samfunn påvirker enkeltmennesker gjennom ulike <a href="/wiki/Sosialisering" title="Sosialisering">sosialiseringsprosesser</a>. Sosiologien studerer altså interaksjonsprosesser mellom individer og grupper.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>En annen forklaring av sosiologi fremhever at faget er <i>en refleksjon over moderniteten</i>. Sosiologien forstås da som et verktøy for å studere samtiden, som innebærer at faget vil utvikle seg og være dynamisk. Mange sosiologiske teoretikere har beskjeftiget seg med studiet av moderniteten og samtiden. Slike analyser er tydelige allerede blant tidlige teoretikere som <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Karl Marx</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georg_Simmel" title="Georg Simmel">Georg Simmel</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Durkheim" title="Émile Durkheim">Émile Durkheim</a> og <a href="/wiki/Max_Weber" title="Max Weber">Max Weber</a>. I nyere tid regnes <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Giddens" title="Anthony Giddens">Anthony Giddens</a> som en av de mest betydningsfulle bidragsyterne til studiet av moderniteten.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sosiologiens analysenivåer deles inn i tre deler, der man prøver å forstå samfunnet ut ifra mikronivå (individene), mesonivå (grupperinger og fellesskap) og endelig makronivået (hele samfunnet). Sosiologiens oppgave regnes som å beskrive de sosiale relasjonenes struktur, funksjoner og utvikling. Det sosiologiske arbeidet består derfor i å undersøke samfunnet, i alle dets deler, og så prøve å skape et mest mulig helhetlig bilde ut av det gjennom teori og metode. </p><p>Betegnelsen <i>sosiolog</i> kan enten brukes om personer som er aktive innen sosiologisk forskning, eller om personer som minst har <a href="/wiki/Eksamen_av_h%C3%B8yere_grad" title="Eksamen av høyere grad">høyere grads eksamen</a> i sosiologi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historie">Historie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: Historie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Historie"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24553676">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}</style><table class="box-Refforbedreavsnitt plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprovesect" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiserbarhet" title="Wikipedia:Verifiserbarhet">Mangler referanser</a>:</b> Dette avsnittet trenger <b>flere eller bedre</b> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bruk_av_kilder" title="Wikipedia:Bruk av kilder">referanser</a> for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiserbarhet" title="Wikipedia:Verifiserbarhet">verifikasjon</a>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Hjelp gjerne til med å <a class="external text" href="https://no.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&action=edit">forbedre dette avsnittet</a>, ved å legge til <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gode_kilder" title="Wikipedia:Gode kilder">pålitelige kilder</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" class="extiw" title="en:Wikipedia:Reliable sources">en</a>). Materiale uten kilder kan bli fjernet.</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="boilerplate metadata seksjonstubb" id="stub"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/35px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/53px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/70px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span> <i>Denne seksjonen er en <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Spire" title="Wikipedia:Spire">spire</a>. Du kan <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://no.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&action=edit">bidra</a> med å utvide den</span>.</i></div> <p>Sosiologi er et relativt nytt fag sammenlignet med andre samfunnsvitenskaper som <a href="/wiki/%C3%98konomi" title="Økonomi">økonomi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antropologi" title="Antropologi">antropologi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Statsvitenskap" title="Statsvitenskap">statsvitenskap</a> og <a href="/wiki/Psykologi" title="Psykologi">psykologi</a>. Sosiologi ble etablert som et stort fag og forskningsområde i vesten hovedsakelig fra slutten av 1940-årene, med etablering av institutter, utdanninger og tidsskrifter. I Norge ble Institutt for sosiologi ved UiO etablert i 1950, etter inspirasjon fra <a href="/wiki/USA" title="USA">USA</a> der slik forskningsmiljøer hadde blitt etablert i årene før. </p><p>Uttrykket sosiologi ble skapt av <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Comte" title="Auguste Comte">Auguste Comte</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Comte så for seg en ny vitenskap som inkluderte både historie, psykologi og økonomi; sosiologien skulle binde sammen all annen vitenskap til en sammenhengede helhet. Han fremhevet arbeidsdelingen, språket og religionen som samfunnets grunnleggende elementer: arbeidsdelingen skapte avhengighet, språket muliggjorde læring og religionen la grunnlag for fellesskap og mening.<sup class="Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Hjelp:Trenger_referanse" title="Hjelp:Trenger referanse"><span title="Foregående påstand trenger referanse">trenger referanse</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Comtes sosiologiske syn var preget av <a href="/wiki/Opplysningstiden" title="Opplysningstiden">opplysningstiden</a>. Han hevdet at hele menneskeheten passer de samme historiske trinnene. Hvis man klarte å forstå dette, mente Comte at man kunne forebygge og rette på mange av samfunnets negative sider. </p><p>I stedet for å erstatte de andre fagene endte sosiologien opp blant dem, med sin egen distinkte metode for å forklare verden. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Eilert_Sundt" title="Eilert Sundt">Eilert Sundt</a> regnes som den første norske sosiologen.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Retninger">Retninger</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Rediger avsnitt: Retninger" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Retninger"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24553676"><table class="box-Refforbedreavsnitt plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprovesect" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiserbarhet" title="Wikipedia:Verifiserbarhet">Mangler referanser</a>:</b> Dette avsnittet trenger <b>flere eller bedre</b> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bruk_av_kilder" title="Wikipedia:Bruk av kilder">referanser</a> for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiserbarhet" title="Wikipedia:Verifiserbarhet">verifikasjon</a>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Hjelp gjerne til med å <a class="external text" href="https://no.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&action=edit">forbedre dette avsnittet</a>, ved å legge til <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gode_kilder" title="Wikipedia:Gode kilder">pålitelige kilder</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" class="extiw" title="en:Wikipedia:Reliable sources">en</a>). Materiale uten kilder kan bli fjernet.</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Sosiologifaget er bredt, ved at det ikke begrenser seg til å studere én bestemt del av samfunnet eller enkeltprosesser som foregår blant mennesker. Ofte vil sosiologien studere områder der andre vitenskaper og fag er mer spesialiserte. Noen retninger innen sosiologien samler kunnskaper fra andre fag for å få et integrert og helhetlig bilde av samfunnet. Overgangene til andre fagdisipliner markeres ofte med det som betegnes som bindestrekssosiologi som for eksempel utdanningssosiologi (grenser mot <a href="/wiki/Pedagogikk" title="Pedagogikk">pedagogikk</a>) og kultursosiologi (grenser mot <a href="/wiki/Sosialantropologi" title="Sosialantropologi">sosialantropologi</a>). </p><p>Noen av retningene er: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Familiesosiologi" title="Familiesosiologi">Familiesosiologi</a> er studiet av familien som institusjon og arena for <a href="/wiki/Sosialisering" title="Sosialisering">sosialisering</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kultursosiologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kultursosiologi (ikke skrevet ennå)">Kultursosiologi</a> er studiet av kultur, ofte forstått som de symbolske kodene som blir brukt av medlemmer av samfunnet. En av de mest innflytelsesrike kultursosiologene er <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Bourdieu" title="Pierre Bourdieu">Pierre Bourdieu</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utdanningssosiologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Utdanningssosiologi (ikke skrevet ennå)">Utdanningssosiologi</a> bruker sosiologiske teorier og empiriske metoder for blant annet å forstå mønstre innenfor utdanningsvalg. Sentrale begreper innen utdanningssosiologien er sosial bakgrunn, sosial klasse, sosial kapital, kjønn, familiemønstre og etnisitet.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funksjonalisme_(sosiologi)" title="Funksjonalisme (sosiologi)">Funksjonalisme (sosiologi)</a> betegner i samfunnsforskning oppfattelsen at institusjoner og kollektive handlemønstre bør forklares med henvisning til deres funksjon eller rolle innenfor en større sosial sammenheng.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sosialpsykologi" title="Sosialpsykologi">Sosialpsykologi</a> er et felt i skjæringspunktet mellom psykologi og sosiologi. Psykologien har tradisjonelt vært opptatt av å beskrive enkeltmennesket, mens sosiologien har vært opptatt av å beskrive grupper av mennesker.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%98konomisk_sosiologi" title="Økonomisk sosiologi">Økonomisk sosiologi</a> handler om hvordan menneskers økonomi påvirker deres måte å delta i samfunnet på. Økonomisk makt er sentralt.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politisk_sosiologi" title="Politisk sosiologi">Politisk sosiologi</a> ligger i grenseområdet mellom sosiologi og <a href="/wiki/Statsvitenskap" title="Statsvitenskap">statsvitenskap</a> og tar for seg innvirkningen fra kulturen og de <a href="/wiki/Sosialt_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Sosialt system">sosiale strukturene</a> på politisk <a href="/wiki/Adferd" class="mw-redirect" title="Adferd">adferd</a> og på de politiske institusjonene.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historisk_sosiologi" title="Historisk sosiologi">Historisk sosiologi</a> innebærer studier av <a href="/wiki/Historie" title="Historie">historiske</a> emner med bruk av en sosiologisk tilnærming. Dette medfører tverrfaglig samarbeid mellom <a href="/wiki/Historie" title="Historie">historie</a> og sosiologi, der historikere gjør bruk av sosiologiske begreper, teorier og modeller, mens sosiologer tar opp historiske emner med sine tradisjonelle metoder. Man bruker altså den samme forklaringslogikken og studerer de samme struktureringsprosessene.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediesosiologi" title="Mediesosiologi">Mediesosiologi</a> er det vitenskapelige faget som tar for seg medienes rolle i samfunnet og hvordan mediene spiller en rolle for relasjoner mellom mennesker og grupper som utgjør samfunnet.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rettssosiologi" title="Rettssosiologi">Rettssosiologi</a> er et forskningsområde i krysningsfeltet mellom <a href="/wiki/Rettsvitenskap" title="Rettsvitenskap">rettsvitenskap</a> og samfunnsvitenskap, som vanligvis regnes enten som en tverrfaglig tilnærming innen rettsvitenskapen eller som en gren av sosiologien.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kriminologi" title="Kriminologi">Kriminologi</a> forstås ofte som en gren av sosiologien, men er også definert som et eget fag; under omstendighet står det nær sosiologien og mange kriminologer er opprinnelig utdannet sosiologer. Det er relativt vanlig internasjonalt med institutter som omfatter både kriminologi og sosiologi.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sosiologer">Sosiologer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Rediger avsnitt: Sosiologer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Sosiologer"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Johan_Galtung.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Johan_Galtung.jpg/250px-Johan_Galtung.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="237" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Johan_Galtung.jpg/375px-Johan_Galtung.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Johan_Galtung.jpg/500px-Johan_Galtung.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1519" /></a><figcaption>Den norske sosiologen <a href="/wiki/Johan_Galtung" title="Johan Galtung">Johan Galtung</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Kjente internasjonale sosiologer inkluderer <a href="/wiki/Theodor_W._Adorno" class="mw-redirect" title="Theodor W. Adorno">Theodor W. Adorno</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louis_Althusser" title="Louis Althusser">Louis Althusser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zygmunt_Bauman" title="Zygmunt Bauman">Zygmunt Bauman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Bendix" title="Reinhard Bendix">Reinhard Bendix</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Blau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Blau (ikke skrevet ennå)">Peter Blau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Bourdieu" title="Pierre Bourdieu">Pierre Bourdieu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Comte" title="Auguste Comte">Auguste Comte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Horton_Cooley" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Horton Cooley">Charles Horton Cooley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralf_Dahrendorf" title="Ralf Dahrendorf">Ralf Dahrendorf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emile_Durkheim" class="mw-redirect" title="Emile Durkheim">Émile Durkheim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norbert_Elias" title="Norbert Elias">Norbert Elias</a>, <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Friedrich Engels</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harold_Garfinkel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harold Garfinkel (ikke skrevet ennå)">Harold Garfinkel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Giddens" title="Anthony Giddens">Anthony Giddens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Erving_Goffman" title="Erving Goffman">Erving Goffman</a>, <a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Habermas" title="Jürgen Habermas">Jürgen Habermas</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Harvey" title="David Harvey">David Harvey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Khaldun" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Khaldun">Ibn Khaldun</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Lockwood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Lockwood (ikke skrevet ennå)">David Lockwood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Niklas_Luhmann" title="Niklas Luhmann">Niklas Luhmann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karl_Mannheim" title="Karl Mannheim">Karl Mannheim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Karl Marx</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Mauss" title="Marcel Mauss">Marcel Mauss</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_K._Merton" title="Robert K. Merton">Robert K. Merton</a>, <a href="/wiki/C._Wright_Mills" title="C. Wright Mills">C. Wright Mills</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vilfredo_Pareto" title="Vilfredo Pareto">Vilfredo Pareto</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_E._Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert E. Park (ikke skrevet ennå)">Robert E. Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Talcott_Parsons" title="Talcott Parsons">Talcott Parsons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Guillaume_Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_le_Play" title="Pierre Guillaume Frédéric le Play">Pierre Guillaume Frédéric le Play</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Rex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Rex (ikke skrevet ennå)">John Rex</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georg_Simmel" title="Georg Simmel">Georg Simmel</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Albion_Woodbury_Small&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albion Woodbury Small (ikke skrevet ennå)">Albion Woodbury Small</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pitirim_Sorokin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pitirim Sorokin (ikke skrevet ennå)">Pitirim Sorokin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_T%C3%B6nnies" title="Ferdinand Tönnies">Ferdinand Tönnies</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bertram_Dybwad_Brochmann" title="Bertram Dybwad Brochmann">Bertram Dybwad Brochmann</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Wagner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Wagner (ikke skrevet ennå)">Peter Wagner</a> og <a href="/wiki/Max_Weber" title="Max Weber">Max Weber</a>. </p><p>Kjente norske sosiologer inkluderer <a href="/wiki/Eilert_Sundt" title="Eilert Sundt">Eilert Sundt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_A._Munch" title="Peter A. Munch">Peter A. Munch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vilhelm_Aubert" title="Vilhelm Aubert">Vilhelm Aubert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ewald_Bosse" title="Ewald Bosse">Ewald Bosse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Natalie_Rogoff_Rams%C3%B8y" title="Natalie Rogoff Ramsøy">Natalie Rogoff Ramsøy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harriet_Holter" title="Harriet Holter">Harriet Holter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johan_Galtung" title="Johan Galtung">Johan Galtung</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sverre_Lysgaard" title="Sverre Lysgaard">Sverre Lysgaard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kari_W%C3%A6rness" title="Kari Wærness">Kari Wærness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dag_%C3%98sterberg" title="Dag Østerberg">Dag Østerberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jon_Elster" title="Jon Elster">Jon Elster</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gudmund_Hernes" title="Gudmund Hernes">Gudmund Hernes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lars_Grue" title="Lars Grue">Lars Grue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Agnes_Bols%C3%B8" title="Agnes Bolsø">Agnes Bolsø</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grete_Brochmann" title="Grete Brochmann">Grete Brochmann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Per_Otnes" title="Per Otnes">Per Otnes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cathrine_Holst" title="Cathrine Holst">Cathrine Holst</a>, <a href="/wiki/Katrine_Fangen" title="Katrine Fangen">Katrine Fangen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aksel_Tjora" title="Aksel Tjora">Aksel Tjora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Svein_Hammer" title="Svein Hammer">Svein Hammer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harald_Eia" title="Harald Eia">Harald Eia</a> og <a href="/wiki/Linn_Stalsberg" title="Linn Stalsberg">Linn Stalsberg</a>. Noen av disse har mottatt <a href="/wiki/Norsk_sosiologforenings_hederspris" title="Norsk sosiologforenings hederspris">Norsk sosiologforenings Hederspris</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publisering">Publisering</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Rediger avsnitt: Publisering" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Publisering"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Innen sosiologi det både vanlig å skrive bøker og publisere vitenskapelige artikler i tidsskrifter eller antologier. Noen forskere skriver mest bøker (monografier), mens andre bare skriver artikler. De siste årene har artikler blitt mer vanlige enn bøker i mange land, bl.a. Norge. </p><p>Noen av de mest anerkjente generelle tidsskriftene innen faget internasjonalt er: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Sociological_Review" title="American Sociological Review">American Sociological Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Journal_of_Sociology" title="American Journal of Sociology">American Journal of Sociology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Journal_of_Sociology" title="British Journal of Sociology">British Journal of Sociology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociology" title="Sociology">Sociology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociological_Review" class="mw-redirect" title="Sociological Review">Sociological Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Sociological_Review" title="European Sociological Review">European Sociological Review</a></li></ul> <p>Det mest sentrale nordiske tidsskriftet er <a href="/wiki/Acta_Sociologica" title="Acta Sociologica">Acta Sociologica</a>. Det ledende norske tidsskriftet er <a href="/wiki/Norsk_sosiologisk_tidsskrift" title="Norsk sosiologisk tidsskrift">Norsk sosiologisk tidsskrift</a> som ble etablert i 2016 og kommer ut seks ganger årlig. Det er en videreføring av de tidligere tidsskriftene <a href="/wiki/Sosiologisk_tidsskrift" title="Sosiologisk tidsskrift">Sosiologisk tidsskrift</a> og <a href="/wiki/Sosiologi_i_dag" title="Sosiologi i dag">Sosiologi i dag</a>. Tidligere fantes også <a href="/wiki/Sosiologisk_%C3%A5rbok" title="Sosiologisk årbok">Sosiologisk årbok</a>. </p><p>Det finnes mange mer spesialiserte tidsskrifter som fokuserer på bestemte områder av sosiologien, og i tillegg publiserer sosiologer også forskningsresultater i mer generelle samfunnsvitenskapelige og tematiske tidsskrifter (i Norge f.eks. <a href="/wiki/Tidsskrift_for_samfunnsforskning" title="Tidsskrift for samfunnsforskning">Tidsskrift for samfunnsforskning</a>, Søkelys på arbeidslivet og Tidsskrift for velferdsforskning), tverrfaglige tidsskrifter (f.eks. Tidsskrift for kjønnsforskning) eller tidsskrifter innen andre samfunnsvitenskaper. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referanser">Referanser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Rediger avsnitt: Referanser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&action=edit&section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Referanser"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/sociology-for-dummies-cheat-sheet.html">«Sociology for Dummies»</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASosiologi&rft.btitle=Sociology+for+Dummies&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dummies.com%2Fhow-to%2Fcontent%2Fsociology-for-dummies-cheat-sheet.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sosiologen.no/norsk-sosiologforening/">«Norsk sosiologforening - Sosiologen»</a>. 29. januar 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 6. november 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASosiologi&rft.btitle=Norsk+sosiologforening+-+Sosiologen&rft.date=2023-01-29&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsosiologen.no%2Fnorsk-sosiologforening%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Schiefloe, Per Morten (2011). <i>Mennesker og samfunn: innføring i sosiologisk forståelse</i> (2 utg.). Bergen: Fagbokforlaget. s. 10. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/9788276747690" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/9788276747690">9788276747690</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASosiologi&rft.aufirst=Per+Morten&rft.aulast=Schiefloe&rft.btitle=Mennesker+og+samfunn%3A+innf%C3%B8ring+i+sosiologisk+forst%C3%A5else&rft.date=2011&rft.edition=2&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9788276747690&rft.pages=10&rft.place=Bergen&rft.pub=Fagbokforlaget&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Aksel Tjora, professor i sosiologi og Arve Hjelseth, førsteamanuensis ved Institutt for Sosiologi og Statsvitenskap, NTNU. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dusken.no/artikkel/24710/hva-er-sosiologi/">Intervju av Dusken.no, 4. februar 2015.</a> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Ritzer, George (2011). «Contemporary Theories of Modernity». <i>Sociological Theory</i>. New York: McGraw-Hill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0071284060" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/0071284060">0071284060</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASosiologi&rft.atitle=Contemporary+Theories+of+Modernity&rft.aufirst=George&rft.aulast=Ritzer&rft.btitle=Sociological+Theory&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=0071284060&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=McGraw-Hill&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><i>A Dictionary of Sociology</i>, Artikkel: Comte, Auguste</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Schiefloe, Per Morten (2011). <i>Mennesker og samfunn: innføring i sosiologisk forståelse</i>. Bergen: Fagbokforlaget. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/9788276747690" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/9788276747690">9788276747690</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASosiologi&rft.aufirst=Per+Morten&rft.aulast=Schiefloe&rft.btitle=Mennesker+og+samfunn%3A+innf%C3%B8ring+i+sosiologisk+forst%C3%A5else&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9788276747690&rft.place=Bergen&rft.pub=Fagbokforlaget&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Lassen, Kjersti. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hioa.no/Aktuelle-saker-fra-2013/Utdanningssosiologi">«HiOA - Utdanningssosiologi»</a>. <i>www.hioa.no</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 20. mai 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASosiologi&rft.atitle=HiOA+-+Utdanningssosiologi&rft.aufirst=Kjersti&rft.aulast=Lassen&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.hioa.no&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hioa.no%2FAktuelle-saker-fra-2013%2FUtdanningssosiologi&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span title=" siden november 2017" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:D%C3%B8de_eksterne_lenker" title="Wikipedia:Døde eksterne lenker">død lenke</a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_lenker">Eksterne lenker</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Rediger avsnitt: Eksterne lenker" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&action=edit&section=7" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Eksterne lenker"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sosiologen.no/">sosiologen.no</a> Nettside med nyheter og debattsaker, samt informasjon om sosiologi og sosiologiutdanning drevet av Norsk sosiologforening</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-nb_digibok_2008122200028">Søkbar digitalkopi av Olav Korsnes', Heine Andersens og Thomas Brantes <i>Sosiologisk leksikon</i> (Universitetsforlaget, 1997)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://utdanning.no/yrker/beskrivelse/sosiolog">Yrkesbeskrivelse av sosiolog på utdanning.no</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161118100924/http://sosiologen.no/for-sosiologen/">Informasjon om Norsk Sosiologforening</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idunn.no/ts/st">Sosiologisk tidsskrift (2002-2016)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141022143225/http://www.idunn.no/ts/st">Arkivert</a> 22. oktober 2014 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sosiologi.org">Sosiologisk blogg av studentforeninger ved UiO</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idunn.no/norsk_sosiologisk_tidsskrift">Norsk sosiologisk tidsskrift (2017 - )</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23230704">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output 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