CINXE.COM

<!doctype html>     <html lang="en-US" class="no-js">  <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title> You searched for - LTER</title> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="True"> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="320"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/themes/ndic/library/images/apple-icon-touch.png"> <link rel="icon" href="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/themes/ndic/library/images/favicon.ico"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/themes/ndic/library/images/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon">  <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#f01d4f"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/themes/ndic/library/images/win8-tile-icon.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#121212"> <link rel="pingback" href=""> <meta name='robots' content='noindex, follow' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style>  <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="You searched for - LTER" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="LTER" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="You searched for - LTER" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@uslter" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":["CollectionPage","SearchResultsPage"],"@id":"https://lternet.edu/?s","url":"https://lternet.edu/?s=","name":"You searched for - LTER","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://lternet.edu/#website"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://lternet.edu/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"You searched for"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://lternet.edu/#website","url":"https://lternet.edu/","name":"LTER","description":"Providing the scientific community, policy makers, and society with the knowledge and predictive understanding necessary to conserve, protect, and manage the nation’s ecosystems, their biodiversity, and the services they provide.","publisher":{"@id":"https://lternet.edu/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://lternet.edu/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://lternet.edu/#organization","name":"LTER Network","url":"https://lternet.edu/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://lternet.edu/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://lternet.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/LTER-network-logo-square-trans.png","contentUrl":"https://lternet.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/LTER-network-logo-square-trans.png","width":500,"height":500,"caption":"LTER Network"},"image":{"@id":"https://lternet.edu/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/uslter","https://x.com/uslter","https://www.instagram.com/lter_community/","https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCsyi2-kL_cTcm6FOnek-bRA"]}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//static.addtoany.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//use.fontawesome.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//fonts.googleapis.com' /> <link href='https://fonts.gstatic.com' crossorigin rel='preconnect' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="LTER » Feed" href="https://lternet.edu/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="LTER » Comments Feed" href="https://lternet.edu/comments/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="LTER » Search Results for “” Feed" href="https://lternet.edu/search/feed/rss2/" />  <script src="//www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-QCHD472YQS" data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript" async></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript"> var mi_version = '9.2.4'; var mi_track_user = true; var mi_no_track_reason = ''; var MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations = {"page_location":"https:\/\/lternet.edu\/?s="}; if ( typeof MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter === 'function' ) { var MonsterInsightsLocations = (typeof MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter( MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery ) : MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter( MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations ); } else { var MonsterInsightsLocations = (typeof MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery : MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations; } var disableStrs = [ 'ga-disable-G-QCHD472YQS', ]; /* Function to detect opted out users */ function __gtagTrackerIsOptedOut() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { if (document.cookie.indexOf(disableStrs[index] + '=true') > -1) { return true; } } return false; } /* Disable tracking if the opt-out cookie exists. */ if (__gtagTrackerIsOptedOut()) { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } /* Opt-out function */ function __gtagTrackerOptout() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { document.cookie = disableStrs[index] + '=true; expires=Thu, 31 Dec 2099 23:59:59 UTC; path=/'; window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } if ('undefined' === typeof gaOptout) { function gaOptout() { __gtagTrackerOptout(); } } window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.MonsterInsightsDualTracker = { helpers: {}, trackers: {}, }; if (mi_track_user) { function __gtagDataLayer() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } function __gtagTracker(type, name, parameters) { if (!parameters) { parameters = {}; } if (parameters.send_to) { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); return; } if (type === 'event') { parameters.send_to = monsterinsights_frontend.v4_id; var hookName = name; if (typeof parameters['event_category'] !== 'undefined') { hookName = parameters['event_category'] + ':' + name; } if (typeof MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName] !== 'undefined') { MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName](parameters); } else { __gtagDataLayer('event', name, parameters); } } else { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); } } __gtagTracker('js', new Date()); __gtagTracker('set', { 'developer_id.dZGIzZG': true, }); if ( MonsterInsightsLocations.page_location ) { __gtagTracker('set', MonsterInsightsLocations); } __gtagTracker('config', 'G-QCHD472YQS', {"forceSSL":"true","anonymize_ip":"true","page_path":"\/?s=&cat=plus-5-results"} ); window.gtag = __gtagTracker; (function () { /* https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/analyticsjs/ */ /* ga and __gaTracker compatibility shim. */ var noopfn = function () { return null; }; var newtracker = function () { return new Tracker(); }; var Tracker = function () { return null; }; var p = Tracker.prototype; p.get = noopfn; p.set = noopfn; p.send = function () { var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); args.unshift('send'); __gaTracker.apply(null, args); }; var __gaTracker = function () { var len = arguments.length; if (len === 0) { return; } var f = arguments[len - 1]; if (typeof f !== 'object' || f === null || typeof f.hitCallback !== 'function') { if ('send' === arguments[0]) { var hitConverted, hitObject = false, action; if ('event' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[3]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': arguments[3], 'eventCategory': arguments[2], 'eventLabel': arguments[4], 'value': arguments[5] ? arguments[5] : 1, } } } if ('pageview' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[2]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': 'page_view', 'page_path': arguments[2], } } } if (typeof arguments[2] === 'object') { hitObject = arguments[2]; } if (typeof arguments[5] === 'object') { Object.assign(hitObject, arguments[5]); } if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[1].hitType) { hitObject = arguments[1]; if ('pageview' === hitObject.hitType) { hitObject.eventAction = 'page_view'; } } if (hitObject) { action = 'timing' === arguments[1].hitType ? 'timing_complete' : hitObject.eventAction; hitConverted = mapArgs(hitObject); __gtagTracker('event', action, hitConverted); } } return; } function mapArgs(args) { var arg, hit = {}; var gaMap = { 'eventCategory': 'event_category', 'eventAction': 'event_action', 'eventLabel': 'event_label', 'eventValue': 'event_value', 'nonInteraction': 'non_interaction', 'timingCategory': 'event_category', 'timingVar': 'name', 'timingValue': 'value', 'timingLabel': 'event_label', 'page': 'page_path', 'location': 'page_location', 'title': 'page_title', 'referrer' : 'page_referrer', }; for (arg in args) { if (!(!args.hasOwnProperty(arg) || !gaMap.hasOwnProperty(arg))) { hit[gaMap[arg]] = args[arg]; } else { hit[arg] = args[arg]; } } return hit; } try { f.hitCallback(); } catch (ex) { } }; __gaTracker.create = newtracker; __gaTracker.getByName = newtracker; __gaTracker.getAll = function () { return []; }; __gaTracker.remove = noopfn; __gaTracker.loaded = true; window['__gaTracker'] = __gaTracker; })(); } else { console.log(""); (function () { function __gtagTracker() { return null; } window['__gtagTracker'] = __gtagTracker; window['gtag'] = __gtagTracker; })(); } </script>  <link rel='stylesheet' id='user-registration-repeater-fields-style-css' href='https://lternet.edu/wp-content/plugins/user-registration-repeater-fields/assets/css/user-registration-repeater-fields-frontend.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='sbi_styles-css' href='https://lternet.edu/wp-content/plugins/instagram-feed/css/sbi-styles.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://lternet.edu/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mediaelement-css' href='https://lternet.edu/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelementplayer-legacy.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-mediaelement-css' href='https://lternet.edu/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/wp-mediaelement.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='view_editor_gutenberg_frontend_assets-css' href='https://lternet.edu/wp-content/plugins/wp-views/public/css/views-frontend.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='view_editor_gutenberg_frontend_assets-inline-css' type='text/css'> .wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default > span.wpv-sort-list,.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default .wpv-sort-list-item {border-color: #cdcdcd;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default .wpv-sort-list-item a {color: #444;background-color: #fff;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default a:hover,.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default a:focus {color: #000;background-color: #eee;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default .wpv-sort-list-item.wpv-sort-list-current a {color: #000;background-color: #eee;} .wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default > span.wpv-sort-list,.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default .wpv-sort-list-item {border-color: #cdcdcd;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default .wpv-sort-list-item a {color: #444;background-color: #fff;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default a:hover,.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default a:focus {color: #000;background-color: #eee;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default .wpv-sort-list-item.wpv-sort-list-current a {color: #000;background-color: #eee;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-grey > span.wpv-sort-list,.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-grey .wpv-sort-list-item {border-color: #cdcdcd;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-grey .wpv-sort-list-item a {color: #444;background-color: #eeeeee;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-grey a:hover,.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-grey a:focus {color: #000;background-color: #e5e5e5;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-grey .wpv-sort-list-item.wpv-sort-list-current a {color: #000;background-color: #e5e5e5;} .wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default > span.wpv-sort-list,.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default .wpv-sort-list-item {border-color: #cdcdcd;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default .wpv-sort-list-item a {color: #444;background-color: #fff;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default a:hover,.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default a:focus {color: #000;background-color: #eee;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default .wpv-sort-list-item.wpv-sort-list-current a {color: #000;background-color: #eee;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-grey > span.wpv-sort-list,.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-grey .wpv-sort-list-item {border-color: #cdcdcd;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-grey .wpv-sort-list-item a {color: #444;background-color: #eeeeee;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-grey a:hover,.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-grey a:focus {color: #000;background-color: #e5e5e5;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-grey .wpv-sort-list-item.wpv-sort-list-current a {color: #000;background-color: #e5e5e5;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-blue > span.wpv-sort-list,.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-blue .wpv-sort-list-item {border-color: #0099cc;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-blue .wpv-sort-list-item a {color: #444;background-color: #cbddeb;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-blue a:hover,.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-blue a:focus {color: #000;background-color: #95bedd;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-blue .wpv-sort-list-item.wpv-sort-list-current a {color: #000;background-color: #95bedd;} </style> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='events-manager-css' href='https://lternet.edu/wp-content/plugins/events-manager/includes/css/events-manager.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='events-manager-pro-css' href='https://lternet.edu/wp-content/plugins/events-manager-pro/includes/css/events-manager-pro.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='toolset-common-css' href='https://lternet.edu/wp-content/plugins/cred-frontend-editor/vendor/toolset/toolset-common/res/css/toolset-common.css' type='text/css' media='screen' /> <style id='akismet-widget-style-inline-css' type='text/css'> .a-stats { --akismet-color-mid-green: #357b49; --akismet-color-white: #fff; --akismet-color-light-grey: #f6f7f7; max-width: 350px; width: auto; } .a-stats * { all: unset; box-sizing: border-box; } .a-stats strong { font-weight: 600; } .a-stats a.a-stats__link, .a-stats a.a-stats__link:visited, .a-stats a.a-stats__link:active { background: var(--akismet-color-mid-green); border: none; box-shadow: none; border-radius: 8px; color: var(--akismet-color-white); cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', 'Roboto', 'Oxygen-Sans', 'Ubuntu', 'Cantarell', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-weight: 500; padding: 12px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; transition: all 0.2s ease; } /* Extra specificity to deal with TwentyTwentyOne focus style */ .widget .a-stats a.a-stats__link:focus { background: var(--akismet-color-mid-green); color: var(--akismet-color-white); text-decoration: none; } .a-stats a.a-stats__link:hover { filter: brightness(110%); box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06), 0 0 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.16); } .a-stats .count { color: var(--akismet-color-white); display: block; font-size: 1.5em; line-height: 1.4; padding: 0 13px; white-space: nowrap; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='dashicons-css' href='https://lternet.edu/wp-includes/css/dashicons.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='toolset-select2-css-css' href='https://lternet.edu/wp-content/plugins/cred-frontend-editor/vendor/toolset/toolset-common/res/lib/select2/select2.css' type='text/css' media='screen' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-official-css' href='https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/css/all.css' type='text/css' media='all' integrity="sha384-DyZ88mC6Up2uqS4h/KRgHuoeGwBcD4Ng9SiP4dIRy0EXTlnuz47vAwmeGwVChigm" crossorigin="anonymous" /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='addtoany-css' href='https://lternet.edu/wp-content/plugins/add-to-any/addtoany.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' />  <link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-v4shim-css' href='https://lternet.edu/wp-content/plugins/cred-frontend-editor/vendor/toolset/toolset-common/res/lib/font-awesome/css/v4-shims.css' type='text/css' media='screen' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-css' href='https://lternet.edu/wp-content/plugins/cred-frontend-editor/vendor/toolset/toolset-common/res/lib/font-awesome/css/all.css' type='text/css' media='screen' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='google-fonts-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans%3A400%2C400i%2C600%2C700' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='bootstrap-css' href='https://lternet.edu/wp-content/themes/ndic/library/css/bootstrap.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='lter-stylesheet-css' href='https://lternet.edu/wp-content/themes/ndic/library/css/style.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-official-v4shim-css' href='https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/css/v4-shims.css' type='text/css' media='all' integrity="sha384-Vq76wejb3QJM4nDatBa5rUOve+9gkegsjCebvV/9fvXlGWo4HCMR4cJZjjcF6Viv" crossorigin="anonymous" /> <style id='font-awesome-official-v4shim-inline-css' type='text/css'> @font-face { font-family: "FontAwesome"; font-display: block; src: url("https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.eot"), url("https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.eot?#iefix") format("embedded-opentype"), url("https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.woff2") format("woff2"), url("https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.woff") format("woff"), url("https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.ttf") format("truetype"), url("https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.svg#fontawesome") format("svg"); } @font-face { font-family: "FontAwesome"; font-display: block; src: url("https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.eot"), url("https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.eot?#iefix") format("embedded-opentype"), url("https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.woff2") format("woff2"), url("https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.woff") format("woff"), url("https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.ttf") format("truetype"), url("https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.svg#fontawesome") format("svg"); } @font-face { font-family: "FontAwesome"; font-display: block; src: url("https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.eot"), url("https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.eot?#iefix") format("embedded-opentype"), url("https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.woff2") format("woff2"), url("https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.woff") format("woff"), url("https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.ttf") format("truetype"), url("https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.svg#fontawesome") format("svg"); unicode-range: U+F004-F005,U+F007,U+F017,U+F022,U+F024,U+F02E,U+F03E,U+F044,U+F057-F059,U+F06E,U+F070,U+F075,U+F07B-F07C,U+F080,U+F086,U+F089,U+F094,U+F09D,U+F0A0,U+F0A4-F0A7,U+F0C5,U+F0C7-F0C8,U+F0E0,U+F0EB,U+F0F3,U+F0F8,U+F0FE,U+F111,U+F118-F11A,U+F11C,U+F133,U+F144,U+F146,U+F14A,U+F14D-F14E,U+F150-F152,U+F15B-F15C,U+F164-F165,U+F185-F186,U+F191-F192,U+F1AD,U+F1C1-F1C9,U+F1CD,U+F1D8,U+F1E3,U+F1EA,U+F1F6,U+F1F9,U+F20A,U+F247-F249,U+F24D,U+F254-F25B,U+F25D,U+F267,U+F271-F274,U+F279,U+F28B,U+F28D,U+F2B5-F2B6,U+F2B9,U+F2BB,U+F2BD,U+F2C1-F2C2,U+F2D0,U+F2D2,U+F2DC,U+F2ED,U+F328,U+F358-F35B,U+F3A5,U+F3D1,U+F410,U+F4AD; } </style> <script type="text/javascript" id="toolset-common-es-frontend-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var tcesData = {"bodyIdToSelectors":"tbcss"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/plugins/wp-views/vendor/toolset/common-es/public/toolset-common-es-frontend.js" id="toolset-common-es-frontend-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/plugins/user-registration-repeater-fields/assets/js/frontend/user-registration-repeater-fields-frontend.min.js" id="user-registration-repeater-fields-frontend-script-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/plugins/google-analytics-for-wordpress/assets/js/frontend-gtag.min.js" id="monsterinsights-frontend-script-js" async="async" data-wp-strategy="async"></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript" id='monsterinsights-frontend-script-js-extra'>/* <![CDATA[ */ var monsterinsights_frontend = {"js_events_tracking":"true","download_extensions":"doc,pdf,ppt,zip,xls,docx,pptx,xlsx","inbound_paths":"[]","home_url":"https:\/\/lternet.edu","hash_tracking":"false","v4_id":"G-QCHD472YQS"};/* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" id="addtoany-core-js-before"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window.a2a_config=window.a2a_config||{};a2a_config.callbacks=[];a2a_config.overlays=[];a2a_config.templates={}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" defer src="https://static.addtoany.com/menu/page.js" id="addtoany-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/plugins/add-to-any/addtoany.min.js" id="addtoany-jquery-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/core.min.js" id="jquery-ui-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/mouse.min.js" id="jquery-ui-mouse-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/sortable.min.js" id="jquery-ui-sortable-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/datepicker.min.js" id="jquery-ui-datepicker-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="jquery-ui-datepicker-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ jQuery(function(jQuery){jQuery.datepicker.setDefaults({"closeText":"Close","currentText":"Today","monthNames":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthNamesShort":["Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"],"nextText":"Next","prevText":"Previous","dayNames":["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday"],"dayNamesShort":["Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"],"dayNamesMin":["S","M","T","W","T","F","S"],"dateFormat":"MM d, yy","firstDay":0,"isRTL":false});}); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/resizable.min.js" id="jquery-ui-resizable-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/draggable.min.js" id="jquery-ui-draggable-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/controlgroup.min.js" id="jquery-ui-controlgroup-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/checkboxradio.min.js" id="jquery-ui-checkboxradio-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/button.min.js" id="jquery-ui-button-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/dialog.min.js" id="jquery-ui-dialog-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="events-manager-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var EM = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/lternet.edu\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","locationajaxurl":"https:\/\/lternet.edu\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=locations_search","firstDay":"0","locale":"en","dateFormat":"yy-mm-dd","ui_css":"https:\/\/lternet.edu\/wp-content\/plugins\/events-manager\/includes\/css\/jquery-ui\/build.min.css","show24hours":"0","is_ssl":"1","autocomplete_limit":"10","calendar":{"breakpoints":{"small":560,"medium":908,"large":false}},"phone":"","datepicker":{"format":"Y-m-d"},"search":{"breakpoints":{"small":650,"medium":850,"full":false}},"url":"https:\/\/lternet.edu\/wp-content\/plugins\/events-manager","txt_search":"Search","txt_searching":"Searching...","txt_loading":"Loading...","cache":"1","api_nonce":"9382e15201"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/plugins/events-manager/includes/js/events-manager.js" id="events-manager-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/plugins/events-manager-pro/includes/js/events-manager-pro.js" id="events-manager-pro-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/themes/ndic/library/js/libs/modernizr.custom.min.js" id="lter-modernizr-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/themes/ndic/library/js/bootstrap.min.js" id="bootstrap-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/themes/ndic/library/js/menuzord.js" id="menuzord-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/themes/ndic/library/js/menuzord-setup.js" id="menuzord-setup-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/themes/ndic/library/js/sticky.js" id="sticky-js"></script> <script></script><link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://lternet.edu/wp-json/" /><meta name="generator" content="performance-lab 3.9.0; plugins: "> <script> window.addEventListener("load",function(){ var c={script:false,link:false}; function ls(s) { if(!['script','link'].includes(s)||c[s]){return;}c[s]=true; var d=document,f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s); if(s==='script'){j.async=true;j.src='https://lternet.edu/wp-content/plugins/wp-views/vendor/toolset/blocks/public/js/frontend.js?v=1.6.14';}else{ j.rel='stylesheet';j.href='https://lternet.edu/wp-content/plugins/wp-views/vendor/toolset/blocks/public/css/style.css?v=1.6.14';} f.parentNode.insertBefore(j, f); }; function ex(){ls('script');ls('link')} window.addEventListener("scroll", ex, {once: true}); if (('IntersectionObserver' in window) && ('IntersectionObserverEntry' in window) && ('intersectionRatio' in window.IntersectionObserverEntry.prototype)) { var i = 0, fb = document.querySelectorAll("[class^='tb-']"), o = new IntersectionObserver(es => { es.forEach(e => { o.unobserve(e.target); if (e.intersectionRatio > 0) { ex();o.disconnect();}else{ i++;if(fb.length>i){o.observe(fb[i])}} }) }); if (fb.length) { o.observe(fb[i]) } } }) </script> <noscript> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/plugins/wp-views/vendor/toolset/blocks/public/css/style.css"> </noscript><meta name="generator" content="Powered by WPBakery Page Builder - drag and drop page builder for WordPress."/> <style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css"> /* Welcome to Custom CSS! To learn how this works, see http://wp.me/PEmnE-Bt */ .single-stories.postid-79679 table { table-layout: auto; width: 100%; } .single-stories.postid-79679 th { border: 1px solid gray; border-collapse: collapse; padding: 10px; text-align: center; vertical-align: top; } .single-stories.postid-79679 td { border: 1px solid gray; border-collapse: collapse; padding: 10px; text-align: left; vertical-align: top; } .img-holder { padding-bottom: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #bbb; } .wp-block-image figcaption { margin-top: 0; } .button.em-event-add-to-calendar { color: #000; } </style> <noscript><style> .wpb_animate_when_almost_visible { opacity: 1; }</style></noscript> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-78052587-1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'UA-78052587-1'); </script> </head> <body class="search search-results user-registration-page wpb-js-composer js-comp-ver-7.9 vc_responsive" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage"> <header id="site-header" class="header" role="banner" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WPHeader"> <div class="container"> <div id="top-bar"> <ul class="social"> <li><a href="https://www.instagram.com/lter_community/" terget="_blank"><i class="fa fa-instagram"></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/uslter" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-facebook"></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://twitter.com/USLTER" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-twitter"></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCsyi2-kL_cTcm6FOnek-bRA" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-youtube-play"></i></a></li> </ul> <div class="dropdown"> <button class="dropbtn dropdown-toggle">Quick Links <i class="fa fa-angle-down"></i></button> <div id="myDropdown" class="dropdown-content"> <a href="/site-image-galleries/">Gallery</a> <a href="/directory/">Directory</a> <a href="/lter-document-archive/">Document Archive</a> <a href="/home/lter-network-calendar/">Events</a> <a href="https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/home.jsp">Data Portal</a><a href="/graphic-resources/">Network Graphics</a><a href="https://lternet.edu/wp-admin">Member Login</a></div> </div> </div> <div id="menuzord" class="menuzord ascaero"> <a href="https://lternet.edu" class="menuzord-brand"><img src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/themes/ndic/library/images/logo.svg" alt="LTER logo" ></a> <nav role="navigation" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement"> <ul id="menu-main-menu" class="menuzord-menu"><li id="menu-item-45500" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-45500"><a href="#">The Network</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li id="menu-item-86997" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-86997"><a href="https://lternet.discourse.group/">LTER Community Forum</a></li> <li id="menu-item-89890" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-89890"><a href="https://lternet.edu/directory/">Directory</a></li> <li id="menu-item-87119" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-87119"><a href="https://lternet.edu/about/">About the LTER Network</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li id="menu-item-83085" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-83085"><a href="/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/LTER_Self_Study_2019-10-04.pdf">2019 Network Self Study</a></li> <li id="menu-item-45504" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-45504"><a href="https://lternet.edu/vision-mission/">Vision/Mission/Goals</a></li> <li id="menu-item-46387" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-46387"><a href="https://lternet.edu/network-organization/lter-a-history/">History</a></li> <li id="menu-item-83604" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-83604"><a href="https://lternet.edu/opportunities">LTER-related Opportunities</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-89456" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-89456"><a href="https://lternet.edu/lter-calendar/">LTER Events</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li id="menu-item-88635" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-88635"><a href="https://lternet.edu/2024-lter-science-council-meeting/">2024 LTER Science Council Meeting</a></li> <li id="menu-item-87192" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-87192"><a href="/stories/lter-science-council-2023/">2023 Science Council</a></li> <li id="menu-item-85025" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-85025"><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1eI9S7kBD_NgK1-WBvoSad4BOqSAEk8_Hyn5cOk-8vYo/edit?usp=sharing">2022 Science Council Meeting</a></li> <li id="menu-item-84083" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-84083"><a href="https://lternet.edu/2021-science-council-meeting/">2021 Science Council Meeting</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li id="menu-item-84485" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-84485"><a href="https://lternet.edu/stories/2021-lter-site-lightning-talks/">Lightning Talk Schedule</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-84084" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-84084"><a href="https://lternet.edu/2022-all-scientists-meeting/">2022 All Scientists’ Meeting</a></li> <li id="menu-item-79649" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-79649"><a href="https://lternet.edu/lter-scientists-meeting-2018/">2018 All Scientists’ Meeting</a></li> <li id="menu-item-84122" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-84122"><a href="https://lternet.edu/stories/2021-2022-lter-webinar-series/">2021-2022 Webinar Series</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-81329" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-81329"><a href="https://lternet.edu/code-of-conduct/">LTER Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="menu-item-46281" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-46281"><a href="https://lternet.edu/network-organization/">Network Organization</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li id="menu-item-46425" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-46425"><a href="https://lternet.edu/network-organization/">Network Organization</a></li> <li id="menu-item-46280" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-46280"><a href="https://lternet.edu/network-organization/network-leadership/">Network Leadership</a></li> <li id="menu-item-84334" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-84334"><a href="https://lternet.edu/committees/">Committees</a></li> <li id="menu-item-46286" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-46286"><a href="https://lternet.edu/maillists/">Mail Lists</a></li> <li id="menu-item-46272" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-46272"><a href="https://lternet.edu/contact-us/">LTER Network Office</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-46275" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-46275"><a href="https://lternet.edu/network-organization/resources/">Resources</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li id="menu-item-81615" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-81615"><a href="https://lternet.edu/intranet/">LTER Document Archive</a></li> <li id="menu-item-46287" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-46287"><a href="https://lternet.edu/new-to-the-network/">New to the Network</a></li> <li id="menu-item-82395" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-82395"><a href="https://lternet.edu/information-management-resources/">Information Management Resources</a></li> <li id="menu-item-79082" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-79082"><a href="https://lternet.edu/education-resources/">Education Resources</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li id="menu-item-82691" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-82691"><a href="https://lternet.edu/remote-teaching/">Remote Teaching Resources</a></li> <li id="menu-item-79083" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-79083"><a href="https://lternet.edu/educator-recruitment/">Educator Recruitment </a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-45507" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-45507"><a href="https://lternet.edu/network-organization/bp-resources/">Broadening Participation Resources</a></li> <li id="menu-item-46517" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-46517"><a href="https://lternet.edu/communication-resources/">Communication Resources</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li id="menu-item-48242" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-48242"><a href="https://lternet.edu/communication-resources/communications/">Role of the LTER Network Office</a></li> <li id="menu-item-48241" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-48241"><a href="https://lternet.edu/communication-resources/communications-planning/">Communications Planning</a></li> <li id="menu-item-48260" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-48260"><a href="https://lternet.edu/communication-resources/communications-fundamentals/">Communications Fundamentals</a></li> <li id="menu-item-48239" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-48239"><a href="https://lternet.edu/twitter-for-scientists/">Twitter for scientists: the tool you never knew you needed</a></li> <li id="menu-item-79142" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-79142"><a href="https://lternet.edu/communication-resources/videos/">Using Video to Communicate Science</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-78273" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-78273"><a href="/site">Sites</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li id="menu-item-41603" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type_archive menu-item-object-site menu-item-41603"><a href="https://lternet.edu/site/">Site Profiles</a></li> <li id="menu-item-84431" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-84431"><a href="https://lternet.edu/gallery/lter-site-briefs/">Site Briefs (2019)</a></li> <li id="menu-item-78671" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-78671"><a href="https://ucsb.maps.arcgis.com/apps/Cascade/index.html?appid=bc64a6122a1d41d4a0ed60e36222e6b9">LTER Road Trip</a></li> <li id="menu-item-80027" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-80027"><a href="https://lternet.edu/site-characteristics/">Site Characteristics</a></li> <li id="menu-item-80028" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-80028"><a href="https://lternet.edu/site-contacts/">Site Contacts</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-45509" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-45509"><a href="#">Research</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li id="menu-item-45514" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-45514"><a href="https://lternet.edu/how-we-work/">How We Work</a></li> <li id="menu-item-48028" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-48028"><a href="https://lternet.edu/using-lter-data/">LTER Data Resources</a></li> <li id="menu-item-83408" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-83408"><a href="https://lternet.edu/findings">Key Findings</a></li> <li id="menu-item-47889" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-47889"><a href="https://lternet.edu/core-research-areas/">Core Themes</a></li> <li id="menu-item-87059" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-87059"><a href="https://lternet.edu/synthesis/">Synthesis</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li id="menu-item-90798" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-stories menu-item-has-children menu-item-90798"><a href="https://lternet.edu/stories/rfp-2025/">Request for Synthesis Proposals 2025</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li id="menu-item-89275" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-89275"><a href="https://lternet.edu/rfp-2024/">Request for Proposals 2024</a></li> <li id="menu-item-90799" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-90799"><a href="https://lternet.edu/synthesis-2021/rfp-2022/">Request for Proposals 2022</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-47888" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-47888"><a href="https://lternet.edu/current-working-groups/">LTER Synthesis Working Groups</a></li> <li id="menu-item-89578" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-89578"><a href="https://lternet.edu/ssecr/">Synthesis Skills for Early Career Researchers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-48091" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-48091"><a href="https://lternet.edu/working-groups/">Working Group Archive</a></li> <li id="menu-item-48087" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-48087"><a href="https://lternet.edu/synthesis-resources/">Synthesis Resources</a></li> <li id="menu-item-48088" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-48088"><a href="https://lternet.edu/guidance-working-group-pis/">Guidance for Working Group PI’s</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-47000" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-47000"><a href="/bibliography">Publications</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li id="menu-item-83506" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-83506"><a href="/bibliography">Journal Articles</a></li> <li id="menu-item-47001" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-47001"><a href="https://lternet.edu/reports/">Reports</a></li> <li id="menu-item-47002" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-47002"><a href="https://lternet.edu/books/">Books</a></li> <li id="menu-item-47006" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-document-types menu-item-47006"><a href="https://lternet.edu/?taxonomy=document-types&term=annual-reports-network-publications">Annual Reports</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-46300" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-46300"><a href="/education-and-training/">Learning</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li id="menu-item-46312" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-46312"><a href="https://lternet.edu/graduate/">Graduate Education</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li id="menu-item-86361" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-86361"><a href="https://lternet.edu/graduate-writing-fellows/">Graduate Writing Fellows</a></li> <li id="menu-item-85737" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-85737"><a href="https://lternet.edu/category/ssalter/">Short Stories About Long-Term Research Blog</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-46311" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-46311"><a href="https://lternet.edu/education-and-training/undergraduate/">Undergraduate Research Opportunities</a></li> <li id="menu-item-47998" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-47998"><a href="https://lternet.edu/k-12-education/">K-12 Education</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li id="menu-item-90748" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-90748"><a href="https://lternet.edu/schoolyard-book-series/">Schoolyard Book Series</a></li> <li id="menu-item-90749" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-90749"><a href="https://datanuggets.org/lter/">LTER DataNuggets</a></li> <li id="menu-item-90750" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-90750"><a href="https://lternet.edu/data-jams/">Data Jams</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-88019" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-88019"><a href="https://lternet.edu/authentic-research-experience-for-teachers-lters/">For Teachers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-47610" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-47610"><a href="https://lternet.edu/engaging-communities/">Engaging Communities</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li id="menu-item-86272" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-86272"><a href="https://lternet.edu/apeal-main/">Science Engagement Project</a></li> <li id="menu-item-81917" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-81917"><a href="https://lternet.edu/engaging-communities/lter-arts-sciences/">LTER Arts & Sciences</a></li> <li id="menu-item-48044" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-48044"><a href="https://lternet.edu/engaging-communities/community-science/">Community Science</a></li> <li id="menu-item-46356" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-46356"><a href="https://lternet.edu/engaging-communities/site-tours/">Site Tours</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-48041" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-48041"><a href="https://lternet.edu/site-activities/">Activities by Site</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-46334" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-46334"><a href="#">Using LTER Science</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li id="menu-item-78573" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-78573"><a href="https://lternet.edu/using-lter-data/">Finding LTER Data</a></li> <li id="menu-item-46365" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-46365"><a href="https://lternet.edu/management-partnerships/">Resource Managers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-46362" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-46362"><a href="https://lternet.edu/communities-individuals/">Communities and Individuals</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li id="menu-item-46363" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-46363"><a href="https://lternet.edu/scenarios/">Scenarios</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-77897" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-77897"><a href="https://lternet.edu/international/">International</a></li> <li id="menu-item-77900" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-77900"><a href="https://lternet.edu/research-networks/">Related Research Networks</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-78338" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type_archive menu-item-object-news-stories menu-item-has-children menu-item-78338"><a href="https://lternet.edu/news-stories/">News</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li id="menu-item-78339" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type_archive menu-item-object-news-stories menu-item-78339"><a href="https://lternet.edu/news-stories/">LTER in the News</a></li> <li id="menu-item-83614" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-83614"><a href="https://us12.campaign-archive.com/home/?u=d7494403ed9d8c97a5479f0d4&id=51157f4ed5">LTER Newsletter Signup</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li id="menu-item-83615" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-83615"><a href="https://lternet.edu/story_types/databits/">DataBits</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-46366" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-46366"><a href="https://lternet.edu/social-media/">Social Media</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li id="menu-item-89885" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-89885"><a href="https://bsky.app/profile/uslter.bsky.social">Blue Sky</a></li> <li id="menu-item-83618" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-83618"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/lter_community/">Instagram</a></li> <li id="menu-item-83620" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-83620"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCsyi2-kL_cTcm6FOnek-bRA">YouTube</a></li> <li id="menu-item-83616" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-83616"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/uslter">Facebook</a></li> <li id="menu-item-83617" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-83617"><a href="https://twitter.com/USLTER">Twitter</a></li> <li id="menu-item-83621" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-83621"><a href="https://twitter.com/i/lists/233328733/membersSites%20that%20Tweet">Sites that Tweet</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-89884" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-89884"><a href="https://lternetwork.smugmug.com/">Photo Gallery</a></li> <li id="menu-item-84301" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-84301"><a href="https://lternet.edu/video-homepage/">Video Gallery</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/?s=" class="menu-search-icon"><img src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/themes/ndic/library/images/search-icon.png" /></a><div id="top-search"><form role="search" method="get" id="searchform" class="searchform" action="https://lternet.edu/"> <div> <label for="s" class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</label> <input type="search" id="s" name="s" value="" /> <button type="submit" id="searchsubmit" >Search</button> </div> </form></div></li></ul> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div>  <script id="mcjs">!function(c,h,i,m,p){m=c.createElement(h),p=c.getElementsByTagName(h)[0],m.async=1,m.src=i,p.parentNode.insertBefore(m,p)}(document,"script","https://chimpstatic.com/mcjs-connected/js/users/d7494403ed9d8c97a5479f0d4/5826af4aec64e5ead2175119e.js");</script> </header> <div id="main"> <div class="inner-banner" id="cemetery"> <div class="container"> <h1 itemprop="headline" rel="bookmark">Search Results</h1> </div> </div> <div id="content" class="container"> <div class="row"> <div id="main-content" class="col-md-8" role="main" itemscope itemprop="mainContentOfPage" itemtype="http://schema.org/Blog"> <form role="search" method="get" id="searchform" class="searchform" action="https://lternet.edu/"> <div> <label for="s" class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</label> <input type="search" id="s" name="s" value="" /> <button type="submit" id="searchsubmit" >Search</button> </div> </form> <h2 class="archive-title"><span>Search Results for:</span> </h2> <article id="post-91593" class="cf post-91593 page type-page status-publish hentry" role="article"> <header class="entry-header article-header"> <h3 class="search-title entry-title"><a href="https://lternet.edu/network-organization/broadening-participation-resources/mental-health-in-the-field/" rel="bookmark" title="Mental Health in the Field">Mental Health in the Field</a></h3> <p class="byline entry-meta vcard"> Posted <time class="updated entry-time" datetime="2025-02-14" itemprop="datePublished">February 14, 2025</time> in <span class="entry-post-type">Pages</span> </p> </header> <section class="entry-content"> <p>Mental Health in the Field: Introduction Fieldwork is often touted for the rewards and benefits, but it is also filled with physical, emotional, and mental challenges: Purple boxes represent environmental factors, dark blue boxes group dynamics. Stressors (which have a negative impact on mental health) are represented by red arrows, and positive impacts by light… <a class="excerpt-read-more" href="https://lternet.edu/network-organization/broadening-participation-resources/mental-health-in-the-field/" title="Read Mental Health in the Field">Read more »</a></p> </section> </article> <article id="post-91464" class="cf post-91464 page type-page status-publish hentry" role="article"> <header class="entry-header article-header"> <h3 class="search-title entry-title"><a href="https://lternet.edu/network-organization/bp-resources/field-safety-toolkit/training-and-professional-development/" rel="bookmark" title="Field Safety Toolkit: Training and Professional Development">Field Safety Toolkit: Training and Professional Development</a></h3> <p class="byline entry-meta vcard"> Posted <time class="updated entry-time" datetime="2025-02-14" itemprop="datePublished">February 14, 2025</time> in <span class="entry-post-type">Pages</span> </p> </header> <section class="entry-content"> <p>Training and Professional Development One important element of increasing safety awareness is through training and professional development for leadership, staff, students and volunteers. Many institutions offer (and often require) various training related to safety in the field including title ix training or wilderness first aid courses. Below we have compiled a list of training programs… <a class="excerpt-read-more" href="https://lternet.edu/network-organization/bp-resources/field-safety-toolkit/training-and-professional-development/" title="Read Field Safety Toolkit: Training and Professional Development">Read more »</a></p> </section> </article> <article id="post-91516" class="cf post-91516 page type-page status-publish hentry" role="article"> <header class="entry-header article-header"> <h3 class="search-title entry-title"><a href="https://lternet.edu/network-organization/bp-resources/field-safety-toolkit/field-safety-toolkit-reading-list/" rel="bookmark" title="Field Safety Toolkit: Reading List">Field Safety Toolkit: Reading List</a></h3> <p class="byline entry-meta vcard"> Posted <time class="updated entry-time" datetime="2025-02-14" itemprop="datePublished">February 14, 2025</time> in <span class="entry-post-type">Pages</span> </p> </header> <section class="entry-content"> <p>Field Safety Toolkit Reading List Fieldwork has many unique safety challenges and identity and positionality affects the types and levels of risk an individual will face while participating in field work. We have curated some resources below to help us understand how different people experience fieldwork so we can better support everyone in our community. … <a class="excerpt-read-more" href="https://lternet.edu/network-organization/bp-resources/field-safety-toolkit/field-safety-toolkit-reading-list/" title="Read Field Safety Toolkit: Reading List">Read more »</a></p> </section> </article> <article id="post-91481" class="cf post-91481 page type-page status-publish hentry" role="article"> <header class="entry-header article-header"> <h3 class="search-title entry-title"><a href="https://lternet.edu/network-organization/bp-resources/field-safety-toolkit/documentation-and-plans/" rel="bookmark" title="Field Safety Toolkit: Documentation and Plans">Field Safety Toolkit: Documentation and Plans</a></h3> <p class="byline entry-meta vcard"> Posted <time class="updated entry-time" datetime="2025-02-14" itemprop="datePublished">February 14, 2025</time> in <span class="entry-post-type">Pages</span> </p> </header> <section class="entry-content"> <p>jump to… Field Safety Plans/Manuals A field safety plan serves as a tool to document your hazard assessment, communication plan, emergency procedures, accident and incident reporting and training.  This plan should identify hazards, as well as precautions and actions taken to address and mitigate those hazards.  The National Science Foundation (NSF) requires plans for safe… <a class="excerpt-read-more" href="https://lternet.edu/network-organization/bp-resources/field-safety-toolkit/documentation-and-plans/" title="Read Field Safety Toolkit: Documentation and Plans">Read more »</a></p> </section> </article> <article id="post-91430" class="cf post-91430 page type-page status-publish hentry" role="article"> <header class="entry-header article-header"> <h3 class="search-title entry-title"><a href="https://lternet.edu/network-organization/bp-resources/field-safety-toolkit/" rel="bookmark" title="Field Safety Toolkit">Field Safety Toolkit</a></h3> <p class="byline entry-meta vcard"> Posted <time class="updated entry-time" datetime="2025-02-14" itemprop="datePublished">February 14, 2025</time> in <span class="entry-post-type">Pages</span> </p> </header> <section class="entry-content"> <p>Links to other Field Safety resources: Back to Toolkits Homepage</p> </section> </article> <article id="post-91601" class="cf post-91601 opportunities type-opportunities status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry opportunity_types-postdoc" role="article"> <header class="entry-header article-header"> <h3 class="search-title entry-title"><a href="https://lternet.edu/opportunities/summer-2025-research-job-opportunity-in-northern-alaska-arc-lter/" rel="bookmark" title="Summer 2025 – Research Job Opportunity in Northern Alaska (ARC-LTER)">Summer 2025 – Research Job Opportunity in Northern Alaska (ARC-LTER)</a></h3> <p class="byline entry-meta vcard"> Posted <time class="updated entry-time" datetime="2025-02-13" itemprop="datePublished">February 13, 2025</time> in <span class="entry-post-type">Opportunities</span> </p> </header> <section class="entry-content"> <p>Job Description: The Kling lab at the University of Michigan is seeking field research assistants for summer 2025. Technicians will work and live at Toolik Field Station, a remote research site on the North Slope of Alaska, for the duration of the summer. This job offers an excellent opportunity to gain research experience in ecology… <a class="excerpt-read-more" href="https://lternet.edu/opportunities/summer-2025-research-job-opportunity-in-northern-alaska-arc-lter/" title="Read Summer 2025 – Research Job Opportunity in Northern Alaska (ARC-LTER)">Read more »</a></p> </section> </article> <article id="post-91599" class="cf post-91599 opportunities type-opportunities status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry opportunity_types-postdoc" role="article"> <header class="entry-header article-header"> <h3 class="search-title entry-title"><a href="https://lternet.edu/opportunities/postdoctoral-research-scholar-in-urban-social-ecological-systems-central-arizona-phoenix-lter/" rel="bookmark" title="Postdoctoral Research Scholar in Urban Social-Ecological Systems | Central Arizona-Phoenix LTER">Postdoctoral Research Scholar in Urban Social-Ecological Systems | Central Arizona-Phoenix LTER</a></h3> <p class="byline entry-meta vcard"> Posted <time class="updated entry-time" datetime="2025-02-13" itemprop="datePublished">February 13, 2025</time> in <span class="entry-post-type">Opportunities</span> </p> </header> <section class="entry-content"> <p>The Central Arizona-Phoenix Long-Term Ecological Research (CAP LTER) seeks a postdoctoral scholar to conduct interdisciplinary environmental research.</p> </section> </article> <article id="post-91583" class="cf post-91583 event type-event status-publish hentry event-tags-field-safety event-categories-workshops" role="article"> <header class="entry-header article-header"> <h3 class="search-title entry-title"><a href="https://lternet.edu/events/fieldwork-initiative-fiest-training-2/" rel="bookmark" title="Fieldwork Initiative FIEST Training">Fieldwork Initiative FIEST Training</a></h3> <p class="byline entry-meta vcard"> Posted <time class="updated entry-time" datetime="2025-04-03" itemprop="datePublished">April 3, 2025</time> in <span class="entry-post-type">Events</span> </p> </header> <section class="entry-content"> <p>April 3, 2025 @ 10:00 am-11:00 am – </p> <p>The FIEST Training is designed to prepare researchers for the challenges they may encounter during fieldwork. This program emphasizes the importance of personal safety and maintaining well-being while conducting research in various environments.</p> <p>Participants in the Fieldwork Initiative’s Fieldwork Initiative Ethics and Safety Training (FIEST) gain practical tools to identify, mitigate, and respond to risks in fieldwork environments. The training provides structured risk assessment frameworks, equipping organizations with protocols to address logistical, legal, and ethical challenges in remote or high-risk research settings. It enhances incident preparedness by establishing clear procedures for handling emergencies, misconduct, or security threats.</p> <p>FIEST also strengthens fieldwork management efficiency by standardizing reporting mechanisms and safety protocols, ensuring that research teams operate within best practices that minimize risk exposure. The program includes scenario-based training modules, enabling participants to apply risk management principles to real-world fieldwork conditions, improving decision-making under unpredictable circumstances.</p> </section> </article> <article id="post-91580" class="cf post-91580 opportunities type-opportunities status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry opportunity_types-postdoc" role="article"> <header class="entry-header article-header"> <h3 class="search-title entry-title"><a href="https://lternet.edu/opportunities/sev-lter-postdoctoral-scholar/" rel="bookmark" title="SEV-LTER Postdoctoral Scholar">SEV-LTER Postdoctoral Scholar</a></h3> <p class="byline entry-meta vcard"> Posted <time class="updated entry-time" datetime="2025-02-12" itemprop="datePublished">February 12, 2025</time> in <span class="entry-post-type">Opportunities</span> </p> </header> <section class="entry-content"> <p>The Sevilleta Long-Term Ecological Research program (SEV-LTER) invites applications for a postdoctoral scholar to conduct research on the spatial dynamics of ecotones through synthesis of ecological theory, long-term observations, and climate manipulation experiments.</p> </section> </article> <article id="post-91562" class="cf post-91562 event type-event status-publish hentry event-tags-field-safety event-categories-workshops" role="article"> <header class="entry-header article-header"> <h3 class="search-title entry-title"><a href="https://lternet.edu/events/fieldwork-initiative-fiest-training/" rel="bookmark" title="Fieldwork Initiative FIEST Training">Fieldwork Initiative FIEST Training</a></h3> <p class="byline entry-meta vcard"> Posted <time class="updated entry-time" datetime="2025-03-13" itemprop="datePublished">March 13, 2025</time> in <span class="entry-post-type">Events</span> </p> </header> <section class="entry-content"> <p>March 13, 2025 @ 10:00 am-11:00 am – </p> <p>The FIEST Training is designed to prepare researchers for the challenges they may encounter during fieldwork. This program emphasizes the importance of personal safety and maintaining well-being while conducting research in various environments.</p> <p>Participants in the Fieldwork Initiative’s Fieldwork Initiative Ethics and Safety Training (FIEST) gain practical tools to identify, mitigate, and respond to risks in fieldwork environments. The training provides structured risk assessment frameworks, equipping organizations with protocols to address logistical, legal, and ethical challenges in remote or high-risk research settings. It enhances incident preparedness by establishing clear procedures for handling emergencies, misconduct, or security threats.</p> <p>FIEST also strengthens fieldwork management efficiency by standardizing reporting mechanisms and safety protocols, ensuring that research teams operate within best practices that minimize risk exposure. The program includes scenario-based training modules, enabling participants to apply risk management principles to real-world fieldwork conditions, improving decision-making under unpredictable circumstances.</p> </section> </article> <nav class="pagination"><ul class='page-numbers'> <li><span aria-current="page" class="page-numbers current">1</span></li> <li><a class="page-numbers" href="https://lternet.edu/page/2/?s">2</a></li> <li><a class="page-numbers" href="https://lternet.edu/page/3/?s">3</a></li> <li><a class="page-numbers" href="https://lternet.edu/page/4/?s">4</a></li> <li><span class="page-numbers dots">…</span></li> <li><a class="page-numbers" href="https://lternet.edu/page/3269/?s">3,269</a></li> <li><a class="page-numbers" href="https://lternet.edu/page/3270/?s">3,270</a></li> <li><a class="page-numbers" href="https://lternet.edu/page/3271/?s">3,271</a></li> <li><a class="next page-numbers" href="https://lternet.edu/page/2/?s">→</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div id="sidebar" class="col-md-4" role="complementary"> <div id="custom_html-4" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"></div></div><div id="custom_html-2" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><a href="/stories/"><h4 class="widgettitle">Top Stories</h4></a><a href="https://lternet.edu/stories/corre-ten-years-later/"><div class="row story-list"><div class="col-md-5 story-thumb"><img width="120" height="80" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/uploads/IMG_20210523_112648689_HDR-120x80.jpg" class="attachment-top_story size-top_story wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></div> <div class="col-md-7 story-info">Ten years later: an LTER synthesis working group leads to discovery and accelerates four careers</div></div></a><a href="https://lternet.edu/stories/from-manhattan-to-the-arctic-tundra-3-students-summer-adventure-in-alaska/"><div class="row story-list"><div class="col-md-5 story-thumb"><img width="120" height="80" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/uploads/motes-boardwalk-ssalter-arc-120x80.jpg" class="attachment-top_story size-top_story wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></div> <div class="col-md-7 story-info">From Manhattan to the Arctic Tundra: 3 student’s summer adventure in Alaska</div></div></a><a href="https://lternet.edu/stories/shrubs-take-over-the-prairie-cascading-changes-reshape-grassland-water-systems/"><div class="row story-list"><div class="col-md-5 story-thumb"><img width="120" height="80" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/uploads/woody_encroachment-120x80.jpg" class="attachment-top_story size-top_story wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></div> <div class="col-md-7 story-info">Shrubs Take Over the Prairie: Cascading Changes Reshape Grassland Water Systems</div></div></a><a href="https://lternet.edu/stories/2024-lter-year-in-review-generating-momentum/"><div class="row story-list"><div class="col-md-5 story-thumb"><img width="120" height="80" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/uploads/Dobkowski_Jason_ARC_Umich_cat2_1-Jason-Dobkowski-4K-120x80.jpg" class="attachment-top_story size-top_story wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></div> <div class="col-md-7 story-info">2024 LTER Year in Review: Generating Momentum</div></div></a><a href="https://lternet.edu/stories/rfp-2025/"><div class="row story-list"><div class="col-md-5 story-thumb"><img width="120" height="80" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/uploads/synthesis-proposals-120x80.png" class="attachment-top_story size-top_story wp-post-image" alt="icon merging several paths, with text: 2025 request for synthesis proposals" decoding="async" srcset="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/uploads/synthesis-proposals-120x80.png 120w, https://lternet.edu/wp-content/uploads/synthesis-proposals-600x399.png 600w, https://lternet.edu/wp-content/uploads/synthesis-proposals-300x200.png 300w, https://lternet.edu/wp-content/uploads/synthesis-proposals-150x100.png 150w, https://lternet.edu/wp-content/uploads/synthesis-proposals.png 602w" sizes="(max-width: 120px) 100vw, 120px" /></div> <div class="col-md-7 story-info">Request for Synthesis Proposals 2025</div></div></a><a href="https://lternet.edu/stories/site-exchange-opportunity/"><div class="row story-list"><div class="col-md-5 story-thumb"><img width="120" height="80" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/uploads/site-exchange-120x80.png" class="attachment-top_story size-top_story wp-post-image" alt="LTER colors with graphic of multimple location markers overlayed." decoding="async" /></div> <div class="col-md-7 story-info">Site Exchange Opportunity</div></div></a><a href="https://lternet.edu/stories/why-salamanders-a-ssalter-blog-post/"><div class="row story-list"><div class="col-md-5 story-thumb"><img width="120" height="80" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/uploads/lyons-salamanderinwater-HBR-120x80.jpg" class="attachment-top_story size-top_story wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></div> <div class="col-md-7 story-info">Why Salamanders? A SSALTER Blog Post</div></div></a><a href="https://lternet.edu/stories/planted-prairie-strips-are-safe-for-native-pollinators/"><div class="row story-list"><div class="col-md-5 story-thumb"><img width="120" height="80" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/uploads/linabury-tractor-kbs-120x80.jpeg" class="attachment-top_story size-top_story wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></div> <div class="col-md-7 story-info">Planted prairie strips are safe for native pollinators</div></div></a><a href="https://lternet.edu/stories/databits-conventional-commits/"><div class="row story-list"><div class="col-md-5 story-thumb"><img width="120" height="80" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/uploads/Copy-of-Copy-of-databits-header-120x80.png" class="attachment-top_story size-top_story wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></div> <div class="col-md-7 story-info">DataBits: Conventional Commits</div></div></a><a href="https://lternet.edu/stories/lter-at-agu-2024/"><div class="row story-list"><div class="col-md-5 story-thumb"><img width="120" height="80" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/agu-2020-120x80.png" class="attachment-top_story size-top_story wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/agu-2020-120x80.png 120w, https://lternet.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/agu-2020-73x50.png 73w, https://lternet.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/agu-2020-45x30.png 45w" sizes="(max-width: 120px) 100vw, 120px" /></div> <div class="col-md-7 story-info">LTER at AGU, 2024</div></div></a></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer class="footer" role="contentinfo" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WPFooter"> <div class="container"> <nav role="navigation"> <div id="footer-nav"> <a href="/home/lter-network-calendar/">Events</a> <span class="divider">•</span> <a href="/intranet">Document Archive</a> <span class="divider">•</span> <a href="/directory">People</a> <span class="divider">•</span> <a href="/bibliography">Publications</a> <span class="divider">•</span> <a href="/opportunities">Opportunities</a> <span class="divider">•</span> <a href="/contact-us">Contact Us</a></div> </nav> <div id="copy"> © 2025 LTER. Managed by <span class="hilite"><a href="https://lternet.edu/site/lter-network-office-home/">LTER Network Office</a></span>, NCEAS, UCSB, 1021 Anacapa Street, Santa Barbara, CA 93101<br> Except where otherwise noted, material may be re-used under a <span class="hilite"><a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" target="_blank">Creative Commons BY-SA 4.0 license</a></span>. </div> <div id="nsf"> <img src="/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/NSF_4-Color-150x100-1.png"> <p>This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grant DEB#1545288, 10/1/2015-9/30/19 and DEB#1929393, 09/01/2019-08/31/2024. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in the material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.</p> </div> <div> <div id="footer-bottom"><a href="https://lternet.edu/privacy-policy">Privacy Policy</a> | <a href="https://lternet.edu/feedback">Feedback</a></div><div id="credit">Created by <a href="http://ndic.com">NDIC</a></div> <ul class="social"> <li><a href="https://www.instagram.com/lter_community/" terget="_blank"><i class="fa fa-instagram"></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/uslter" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-facebook"></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://twitter.com/USLTER" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-twitter"></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCsyi2-kL_cTcm6FOnek-bRA" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-youtube-play"></i></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </footer>  <script type="text/javascript"> var sbiajaxurl = "https://lternet.edu/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php"; </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/plugins/layouts/resources/js/ddl-tabs-cell-frontend.js" id="ddl-tabs-scripts-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-includes/js/underscore.min.js" id="underscore-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/suggest.min.js" id="suggest-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/plugins/cred-frontend-editor/vendor/toolset/toolset-common/toolset-forms/js/main.js" id="wptoolset-forms-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wptoolset-field-date-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wptDateData = {"buttonImage":"https:\/\/lternet.edu\/wp-content\/plugins\/cred-frontend-editor\/vendor\/toolset\/toolset-common\/toolset-forms\/images\/calendar.gif","buttonText":"Select date","dateFormat":"MM d, yy","dateFormatPhp":"F j, Y","dateFormatNote":"Input format: F j, Y","yearMin":"1583","yearMax":"3000","ajaxurl":"https:\/\/lternet.edu\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","readonly":"This is a read-only date input","readonly_image":"https:\/\/lternet.edu\/wp-content\/plugins\/cred-frontend-editor\/vendor\/toolset\/toolset-common\/toolset-forms\/images\/calendar-readonly.gif","datepicker_style_url":"https:\/\/lternet.edu\/wp-content\/plugins\/cred-frontend-editor\/vendor\/toolset\/toolset-common\/toolset-forms\/css\/wpt-jquery-ui\/jquery-ui-1.11.4.custom.css"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/plugins/cred-frontend-editor/vendor/toolset/toolset-common/toolset-forms/js/date.js" id="wptoolset-field-date-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lternet.edu/wp-content/themes/ndic/library/js/scripts.js" id="lter-js-js"></script> <script></script> </body> </html>