CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91340ae62e3946af',cH: '01i4ZaMDeeBFcKvitwnIBSdhyvT5Xiz84rbiCdTj9YQ-1739777117-1.2.1.1-YClZvKNrr4jF436.VXJDPRkWkSSkw3dArz2OkvM1HzipUhGPriMi8n2fWHUp567N',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=LDA&__cf_chl_tk=5wHFfWDlOLOXvushlnSB9R8QMxNYkvn92DMj5MxKhYQ-1739777117-1.0.1.1-qH4d9N5XPXorsbtBWZEC6fyA6QTcqaz3jj9iD0DhGGQ",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739777117',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=LDA&__cf_chl_f_tk=5wHFfWDlOLOXvushlnSB9R8QMxNYkvn92DMj5MxKhYQ-1739777117-1.0.1.1-qH4d9N5XPXorsbtBWZEC6fyA6QTcqaz3jj9iD0DhGGQ",md: "Eho450YqkNa9_BRLVAIkfvT9gu.pE98lwucXl6ZRNF8-1739777117-1.2.1.1-Ggx9abEqw1qdz65gEG_mwm0ziLnN3ht.G4mnSKxqrVh6W9fH5ZtpwcFneaqSxoQqe1hfGJMBac4kYpQ15iqFZHxdDFEVAHMapW6D_XUniXJyAvdE.b7.C6j6fNGO.j0lFqtLpkAZH_E.9kAJnB8e3QjxHRk6QPto4J9PC5MLq_948eaZJxXDRTp273fKRjNZ3S5QN_JxkihZR3S7xfQ0PCaug1uBPPo87acMZMaTjp1UR2q6gGFyi4DwcmfnAsXAbJ5s4rvyKQ4NQmf1uCrGoDMgg6jItotauDpxaf0_8kI59CtU5boTHVJHdgyn.WRB.mlUL7DvcxgsTuNazRi7QVc3AiEM32vNXMFh2BlZTil9q6CuCUqVEgzsPPNn0gTWKOih33ZqLErmtLEhKD77.I76mBZa8JulCLSSf3VbqyVwPxDi8ayI.QIQHnTbZNdkho1y7sv2F7XjXp6JaxdKjLw0wJ4X28dmH5ek4S6FHK.0pIv2dyUaX3y7jesIozpYr8AC.LrKNg8AVqW6WdjpfTKfsCEtXcGpj3dHxpgHd2g3OHeeE3TsRGeH6QLpgR933d0Jtq5uoYiKBQV6I4kDosyAVvnUebsFhVqBWFd8vP5vGSWyOjJTeHlbt6FKCIxprmRNXke5xY8hNNwoU4mhSdAKp8xhWipQxduutA7u3v_chiJucgGHJPHReKb51USKIfCuqobZLd4GPLmlQkUGlDPPOh3AbA52hFhxyb_8epuM78vfYiZF8_DqCGY28UQg7Uoq5juWPH_cwA.OQJdTsNjuBVwga1.FoRfCE2xHeXvAFVvvR4Le8Zt6cAkHYfe0CT2N2P8W5e5OiVoR7uGkW5dpyWVqtKO6uSz9rpo2t.j_3qRn9V6EqJnJtxbJ5hcquwKZLviZhkAn_G9QSzKp_Hub.mcNKWaHQwxp2WsELV3fiCC38xql8cyO4ps8afI6LW7BRIG1DsqG7eIQu1CcICn2DcdauzCSBL9jZO5B2rurlJ0A8pSA0gaYtfrqd4RtCpuFGml8Gl4PMTz29Ed8fZCwE6wfhFBXD8Gs6Rb3llOYWD50b8SXwRnkm1YqsVQAceJaHQDzsSExidCjhZxL314PLhy5MWp_VcBxV32ne96io4X2T2lLKKuJBVY4IiS.qq8OEtIdWDnLtzfliCkfRYv_pncHp1EhZ5H_sBDt7CYycwROk5hHUXTtMkPmWZfOTNjBbg5oTf5ObnjoIs2pConmfRgq1QLfucKgOprFvah4dibXwuBvZqIZ86yk71ZbXhlYa8ieG6v_MF7gl58tzpgj.xHAkyNttMJWR2aJC2iGUDzTjDNavz.8w6rMichnfLLFwmwZiQ3tL.Kymlfk1B9X.hBTHcoFrSf3Krj0tRYBL1rDe3A_ydVIjG1JUGdyo9lcp_Fso93pphiTOnQ1AMk2MOJlKm7Cw0Nz8dqMBx61LelUqYFseOjMl5tsuf2xJNuK.RfeU7MI7Y_C0uoZCLjKYuDssmq_uCjp_n3y1ZLkv6IPwdD9KQQsRzbooTF.d7mvBM49BowKxl1HTRSogEh3nd591KLSCLsNVI8_Fn5_E1HrytxZ4.otuZgtIRqvitpqBjMGRLbS_PrnFi65v4X5GhF5PNDh8imaSgzPJGcMS1PpqQ9wEc8CoV2vMkt6G63Aibb4rUZZmnWNeuB11Bk47AoV6_ax9UIKJ666IQTtOm.9TO.JAJp1eoAqa46.nOW_KlKrkCQC.qVx7uLvp01H8LSE4LATC969OKA4rpxPAofHAH7RuhYEemNzfxroasQrggflaFYlj5_phbZM8sJO3WT5.U1ET_jOmEZukdWt1C2WYBkJwjKZCVjZtaFJ8BbOY2o6WOkafsP4kvaISumqpB..oFhxZq7cRkqpfC9nEOYt9bbJlKwyR1KkpNWz",mdrd: "IqUH5g3YMOorbUay1U0HDW5Ra0evITVD_xNqWnpvwFk-1739777117-1.2.1.1-Hgzq3Ud8p6Aa4vYtcKZx3GurPoxz_xY7yFB79YO6ZYkl4F0OZ6_b_0m2bUcAi6.hgHk1os55kTJvyA.oHQCbH1qKGigQfWEmdbKJ7fEOJ88iD6xiPlDrbmE60Yv4yBZfvaunMsBlviWzA5qqpe2vUHVGl4xuDM0dKvUCVElSVtNie6iQk.b4tVN5_w9ARARn6_E83kBJtP6pqWGv4e3FNiKgRpiN63lilu2ILj6c_u_h.lf88mt6ba4zUjf9xWol7xRfoqYuaRMN.Anikrg3sT48el.QjiD1cOkBVfmDKVL9RelfiXyqxzfQsiw01D.gSj3Upmn3toYIMPYtQnYxYgEI0rC7SBdxa8vuek3kbxY_2aCOIBCmRMP5Guilnhry7ww1Wq2MXxkoqhbnVcqmvOPaPO1glS_LQFj1XEM8LNXV61alfKfPe.tml_7ut72xgJnJxgN3FjHvDAPBUFVyr2.hJqwmtdA7BUMa6Ge55cfGSW.dd7dxbIwCZj75HrzM.DMSE1ori7I1XpbHOXfDKEzym3jD7goUaQ8UEAmoKxlMmVeVw8QL52eQ8aMTDcl3VitbRlhVPMq8BUdkziMkho8pyHuBa_hrkODWZeK42IoImJWAULpkb7.0hEaslMkskJ3PtfQbIzYNK2dmKdhLwO5lqLWfGYtyzIVBeiru2VN4hF.1AaNtVcIscaKenXhBhq1CKU3iJbDeghic6wzqLUI5Gx6gyBFKiVR2obVMJ0ZzDpjylIqMz2d_BKCu11AxJ4QKkgz7D5CcwJJStUiO4o7e2mPrC2MO9teLlngcKj7_C4DAlp5f5NvcG0FUN4Kjz_vQ.mdsVEENfVP3h9YIelu1109yiLWyEjZQvMbOE8WgS6DebgK7_LYdKlccS44sEdeg7..e47gEqlO3rkEbz.uMf2glHipwz4.8C36SA4gfYMMnahEdg5PBohqFnokWYmIxqX9vTFbnfu2cJk.tCwjopdIXUk_L7xXsm9xNerD4H3K7.7Lr3dq.FQi0eGJDNfQqTHjpsxEu1JgplLMdpBvxjzLunJkHwcQpnR5jGOJAZkIIMdbuAoWZ6QxlsKrE7H3cUZVpUu5Mh.XsxlbeBljrhnLQE9nU8Puf3iS2qVNsNHhn5tQVmfrEGVhmMRkhmNfgwBT5tuP7KzkgP8oVYQ.DCATDNRp8NK7aeLMBHeSvD5DdCRh7Mt_ROJxGe7tcSuXBi_Cfp3D0Y8wHhojX8VtL2ANNKrzYdD2BSN9YMqS5xuHtQT6qDcym6pztLu9GCuDR3NCKBEngyo_Aq9dgdtlcRhagOmjJv.h2rnbcUuEfILyqg19Rxl6iJYCFUQ8KDl2SHExisVjliafUOeQHobJ_zfUl5ggjkn_cPeV6RegIl5MnjBc693RQL8unTKkf0TSSvL6uLnkDOfrv3gxCTSEcL_ffQyj0lDDw6gGfdta093p59qzhHfwDfwoDd_e9IYGCCZELpEW3SP_DNEJFkQBYS_oyF_e6lLofTWwI05Vx6ZtsGu68VGsQC74QoK9TE5VUgWvISGufN48K7MUlxbhVboHynE_rg7QA2iNlfp65z6l.hG0myUB0pIoW8GWeablYAsxFWHG7cVO3NGrXFc0OKBYM_UMfoJ1yvSS8agVuE.kxNiorZ_O8dauecWZgLhMpGt1__1PxHEmcAepbyjGnx0fEMwibg7j8BvJ1mPAJOC0MysJPGwoPz1uSKnHMBCkXqhSqfRvOFVQaD5RFBK2XGaC3CvDcxCV59wN5PZwzzOLr0KorR11cC4ZnNt30zpAOy.10oxzJmFJ90zexlo8uUo.5Zef5MqGmCyLEGfjna2CNmQ1nImDWTkChlUM9_XKHAmhR_gkM9r4HeBop7e_JkzPL7U5fgTLb5u_0.CgrqcvezNRrbhkXLup8AOyPrUAzhUc4JLrMs84WRyJ3oO5Mb0xUwuJxXMAP_xd1ZR8sVpG7pS8sxwnyxKdJH4rh"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91340ae62e3946af';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=LDA&__cf_chl_rt_tk=5wHFfWDlOLOXvushlnSB9R8QMxNYkvn92DMj5MxKhYQ-1739777117-1.0.1.1-qH4d9N5XPXorsbtBWZEC6fyA6QTcqaz3jj9iD0DhGGQ" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>