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aria-controls="toc-Symbols-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Symbols subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Symbols-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Coat_of_arms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coat_of_arms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Coat of arms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coat_of_arms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flag" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flag"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Flag</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flag-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Salamanca_in_the_universal_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Salamanca_in_the_universal_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Salamanca in the universal history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Salamanca_in_the_universal_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Antiquity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antiquity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Antiquity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antiquity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Middle_Ages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Middle Ages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_modern_Age" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_modern_Age"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Early modern Age</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_modern_Age-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Modern era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hydrography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hydrography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Hydrography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hydrography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Heritage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heritage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Heritage</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Heritage-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Heritage subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Heritage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Squares_and_public_spaces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Squares_and_public_spaces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Squares and public spaces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Squares_and_public_spaces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religious_buildings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religious_buildings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Religious buildings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religious_buildings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cathedrals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cathedrals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1</span> <span>Cathedrals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cathedrals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_Clerecía" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_Clerecía"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.2</span> <span>La Clerecía</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_Clerecía-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Convento_de_San_Esteban" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Convento_de_San_Esteban"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.3</span> <span>Convento de San Esteban</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Convento_de_San_Esteban-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Convento_de_las_Dueñas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Convento_de_las_Dueñas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.4</span> <span>Convento de las Dueñas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Convento_de_las_Dueñas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Others" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Others"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.5</span> <span>Others</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Others-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-University_buildings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#University_buildings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>University buildings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-University_buildings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Palaces_and_palatial_houses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Palaces_and_palatial_houses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Palaces and palatial houses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Palaces_and_palatial_houses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-University" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#University"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>University</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-University-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Industry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Industry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Road" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Road"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Road</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Road-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Airport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Airport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Public transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture_and_sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture_and_sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Culture and sports</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture_and_sports-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture and sports subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture_and_sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Festivals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Festivals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Festivals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Festivals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Holy_Week" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Holy_Week"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1.1</span> <span>Holy Week</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Holy_Week-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1.2</span> <span>Other</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Local_teams" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Local_teams"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Local teams</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Local_teams-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cinema" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cinema"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4</span> <span>Cinema</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cinema-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gastronomy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gastronomy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.5</span> <span>Gastronomy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gastronomy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sister_cities_and_twin_towns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sister_cities_and_twin_towns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Sister cities and twin towns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sister_cities_and_twin_towns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable people subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Public_service" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_service"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Public service</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_service-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Arts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Arts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>The Arts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Arts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Science_&_business" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Science_&_business"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.3</span> <span>Science & business</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Science_&_business-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.4</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Salamanca</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 102 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-102" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">102 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A9" title="شلمنقة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شلمنقة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%84%D5%A1" title="Սալամանքա – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Սալամանքա" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanka_(%C4%B0spaniya)" title="Salamanka (İspaniya) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Salamanka (İspaniya)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="سالامانکا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سالامانکا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Саламанка – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Саламанка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Саляманка – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Саляманка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Саламанка – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Саламанка" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca_(kapital_sa_lalawigan_sa_Espanya,_Castilla_y_Le%C3%B3n,_Provincia_de_Salamanca,_lat_40,97,_long_-5,66)" title="Salamanca (kapital sa lalawigan sa Espanya, Castilla y León, Provincia de Salamanca, lat 40,97, long -5,66) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Salamanca (kapital sa lalawigan sa Espanya, Castilla y León, Provincia de Salamanca, lat 40,97, long -5,66)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%BA%CE%B1" title="Σαλαμάνκα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σαλαμάνκα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanko" title="Salamanko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Salamanko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="سالامانکا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سالامانکا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanque" title="Salamanque – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Salamanque" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%B4%EB%9D%BC%EB%A7%9D%EC%B9%B4" title="살라망카 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="살라망카" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AF%D5%A1_(%D4%BB%D5%BD%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%A1)" title="Սալամանկա (Իսպանիա) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սալամանկա (Իսպանիա)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE" title="सालामानका – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सालामानका" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca_(Hispania)" title="Salamanca (Hispania) – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Salamanca (Hispania)" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%C3%A6" title="Саламанкæ – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Саламанкæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%A7%D7%94" title="סלמנקה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סלמנקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="სალამანკა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სალამანკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Саламанка – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Саламанка" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanka" title="Salamanka – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Salamanka" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmantica" title="Salmantica – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Salmantica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanka" title="Salamanka – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Salamanka" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanka" title="Salamanka – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Salamanka" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca_(Spanyolorsz%C3%A1g)" title="Salamanca (Spanyolország) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Salamanca (Spanyolország)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_(%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8)" title="सालामांका (स्पेन) – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सालामांका (स्पेन)" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%83%D8%A7" title="سالامانكا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سالامانكا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Саламанка – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Саламанка" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca_(stad)" title="Salamanca (stad) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Salamanca (stad)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%A9%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AB" title="サラマンカ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サラマンカ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Саламанка – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Саламанка" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanka" title="Salamanka – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Salamanka" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE" title="ਸਾਲਾਮਾਨਕਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਾਲਾਮਾਨਕਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="سلمانکا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سلمانکا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanka" title="Salamanka – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Salamanka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Саламанка – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Саламанка" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE" title="सालामान्का – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="सालामान्का" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca_(citati)" title="Salamanca (citati) – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Salamanca (citati)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca_(mesto_v_%C5%A0panielsku)" title="Salamanca (mesto v Španielsku) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Salamanca (mesto v Španielsku)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Саламанка – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Саламанка" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE" title="சலமன்கா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சலமன்கா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Саламанка – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Саламанка" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2" title="ซาลามังกา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ซาลามังกา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Саламанка – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Саламанка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%8C_%D8%B3%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%86" title="سالامانکا، سپین – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سالامانکا، سپین" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Salamanca" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC%E5%8D%A1" title="萨拉曼卡 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="萨拉曼卡" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC%E5%8D%A1" title="薩拉曼卡 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="薩拉曼卡" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanka_(Ispan%C4%97j%C4%97)" title="Salamanka (Ispanėjė) – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Salamanka (Ispanėjė)" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC%E5%8D%A1" title="萨拉曼卡 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="萨拉曼卡" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output 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width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Salamanca" title="Special:EditPage/Salamanca">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Salamanca%22">"Salamanca"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Salamanca%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Salamanca%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Salamanca%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Salamanca%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Salamanca%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 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div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Salamanca</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Spain" title="Municipalities of Spain">Municipality</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style 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.tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:272px;max-width:272px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:270px;max-width:270px"><div style="height:142px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:68436-Salamanca_(49093713952)_edited.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/68436-Salamanca_%2849093713952%29_edited.jpg/268px-68436-Salamanca_%2849093713952%29_edited.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/68436-Salamanca_%2849093713952%29_edited.jpg/402px-68436-Salamanca_%2849093713952%29_edited.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/68436-Salamanca_%2849093713952%29_edited.jpg/536px-68436-Salamanca_%2849093713952%29_edited.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Plaza_Mayor,_Salamanca" title="Plaza Mayor, Salamanca">Plaza Mayor</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:134px;max-width:134px"><div style="height:113px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:La_Clerec%C3%ADa,_la_R%C3%BAa_Mayor_y_la_Plaza_de_Anaya_desde_la_Catedral_Nueva_(Salamanca)_edited.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/La_Clerec%C3%ADa%2C_la_R%C3%BAa_Mayor_y_la_Plaza_de_Anaya_desde_la_Catedral_Nueva_%28Salamanca%29_edited.jpg/132px-La_Clerec%C3%ADa%2C_la_R%C3%BAa_Mayor_y_la_Plaza_de_Anaya_desde_la_Catedral_Nueva_%28Salamanca%29_edited.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/La_Clerec%C3%ADa%2C_la_R%C3%BAa_Mayor_y_la_Plaza_de_Anaya_desde_la_Catedral_Nueva_%28Salamanca%29_edited.jpg/198px-La_Clerec%C3%ADa%2C_la_R%C3%BAa_Mayor_y_la_Plaza_de_Anaya_desde_la_Catedral_Nueva_%28Salamanca%29_edited.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/La_Clerec%C3%ADa%2C_la_R%C3%BAa_Mayor_y_la_Plaza_de_Anaya_desde_la_Catedral_Nueva_%28Salamanca%29_edited.jpg/264px-La_Clerec%C3%ADa%2C_la_R%C3%BAa_Mayor_y_la_Plaza_de_Anaya_desde_la_Catedral_Nueva_%28Salamanca%29_edited.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3480" data-file-height="2998" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center">Rúa Mayor</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:134px;max-width:134px"><div style="height:113px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Detalle_Conchas_edited.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Detalle_Conchas_edited.jpg/132px-Detalle_Conchas_edited.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Detalle_Conchas_edited.jpg/198px-Detalle_Conchas_edited.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Detalle_Conchas_edited.jpg/264px-Detalle_Conchas_edited.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3354" data-file-height="2892" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Casa_de_las_Conchas" title="Casa de las Conchas">Casa de las Conchas</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:83px;max-width:83px"><div style="height:108px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Claustro_del_Convento_de_Las_Due%C3%B1as_(Salamanca)_edited.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Claustro_del_Convento_de_Las_Due%C3%B1as_%28Salamanca%29_edited.jpg/81px-Claustro_del_Convento_de_Las_Due%C3%B1as_%28Salamanca%29_edited.jpg" decoding="async" width="81" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Claustro_del_Convento_de_Las_Due%C3%B1as_%28Salamanca%29_edited.jpg/122px-Claustro_del_Convento_de_Las_Due%C3%B1as_%28Salamanca%29_edited.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Claustro_del_Convento_de_Las_Due%C3%B1as_%28Salamanca%29_edited.jpg/162px-Claustro_del_Convento_de_Las_Due%C3%B1as_%28Salamanca%29_edited.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="1197" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Convento_de_las_Due%C3%B1as" title="Convento de las Dueñas">Convento de las Dueñas</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:83px;max-width:83px"><div style="height:108px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Salamanca_-_Universidad,_Escuelas_Mayores,_fachada_01_edited.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Salamanca_-_Universidad%2C_Escuelas_Mayores%2C_fachada_01_edited.jpg/81px-Salamanca_-_Universidad%2C_Escuelas_Mayores%2C_fachada_01_edited.jpg" decoding="async" width="81" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Salamanca_-_Universidad%2C_Escuelas_Mayores%2C_fachada_01_edited.jpg/122px-Salamanca_-_Universidad%2C_Escuelas_Mayores%2C_fachada_01_edited.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Salamanca_-_Universidad%2C_Escuelas_Mayores%2C_fachada_01_edited.jpg/162px-Salamanca_-_Universidad%2C_Escuelas_Mayores%2C_fachada_01_edited.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1453" data-file-height="1935" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Salamanca" title="University of Salamanca">University</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:99px;max-width:99px"><div style="height:108px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Iglesia_San_Esteban_Salamanca.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Iglesia_San_Esteban_Salamanca.jpg/97px-Iglesia_San_Esteban_Salamanca.jpg" decoding="async" width="97" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Iglesia_San_Esteban_Salamanca.jpg/146px-Iglesia_San_Esteban_Salamanca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Iglesia_San_Esteban_Salamanca.jpg/194px-Iglesia_San_Esteban_Salamanca.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1704" data-file-height="1901" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Convento_de_San_Esteban,_Salamanca" title="Convento de San Esteban, Salamanca">Convento de San Esteban</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:270px;max-width:270px"><div style="height:164px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Reflejos_de_la_Catedrales_de_Salamanca_edited.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Reflejos_de_la_Catedrales_de_Salamanca_edited.jpg/268px-Reflejos_de_la_Catedrales_de_Salamanca_edited.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Reflejos_de_la_Catedrales_de_Salamanca_edited.jpg/402px-Reflejos_de_la_Catedrales_de_Salamanca_edited.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Reflejos_de_la_Catedrales_de_Salamanca_edited.jpg/536px-Reflejos_de_la_Catedrales_de_Salamanca_edited.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3772" data-file-height="2322" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center">The <a href="/wiki/Old_Cathedral_of_Salamanca" title="Old Cathedral of Salamanca">Old</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Cathedral_of_Salamanca" title="New Cathedral of Salamanca">New Cathedral</a> reflected on the <a href="/wiki/Tormes" title="Tormes">Tormes</a> river</div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bandera_de_Salamanca1.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Salamanca"><img alt="Flag of Salamanca" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Bandera_de_Salamanca1.svg/120px-Bandera_de_Salamanca1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Bandera_de_Salamanca1.svg/180px-Bandera_de_Salamanca1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Bandera_de_Salamanca1.svg/240px-Bandera_de_Salamanca1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="668" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Salamanca.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Salamanca"><img alt="Coat of arms of Salamanca" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Coat_of_Arms_of_Salamanca.svg/75px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Salamanca.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Coat_of_Arms_of_Salamanca.svg/113px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Salamanca.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Coat_of_Arms_of_Salamanca.svg/150px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Salamanca.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="435" data-file-height="609" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 285px; height: 180px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="285" data-height="180" data-zoom="4" data-lat="39.5" data-lon="-3.7" data-overlays="["_fd335b5744aea11725c0b01f62015693505c6d07"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/4/39.5/-3.7/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,4,39.5,-3.7,285x180.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Salamanca&revid=1248556797&groups=_fd335b5744aea11725c0b01f62015693505c6d07" width="285" height="180" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,4,39.5,-3.7,285x180@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Salamanca&revid=1248556797&groups=_fd335b5744aea11725c0b01f62015693505c6d07 2x" alt="Map" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location of Salamanca</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Salamanca&params=40_57_54_N_05_39_51_W_region:ES_type:city(144825)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">40°57′54″N</span> <span class="longitude">05°39′51″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">40.96500°N 5.66417°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">40.96500; -5.66417</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Country" title="Country">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_communities_of_Spain" title="Autonomous communities of Spain">Autonomous community</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n" title="Castile and León">Castile and León</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Spain" title="Provinces of Spain">Province</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Salamanca" title="Province of Salamanca">Salamanca</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">38.6 km<sup>2</sup> (14.9 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">802 m (2,631 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2020)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">144,825</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">3,800/km<sup>2</sup> (9,700/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a> (CET)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a> (CEST)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">34 (Spain) + 923 (Salamanca)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.salamanca.es/">salamanca.es</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><div style="border:4px solid #0177D3; line-height: 1.5; text-align: center;"> <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">UNESCO World Heritage Site</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official name</th><td class="infobox-data">Old City of Salamanca</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Cultural</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Criteria</th><td class="infobox-data">i, ii, iv</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Designated</th><td class="infobox-data">1988 <small>(12th <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Committee" title="World Heritage Committee">session</a>)</small></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reference no.</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/381">381</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Region</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Southern_Europe" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Southern Europe">Europe and North America</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Salamanca</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Spanish:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="es-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Spanish" title="Help:IPA/Spanish">[salaˈmaŋka]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/d\/d0\/Pronunciation_of_Salamanca_in_Spanish.ogg\/Pronunciation_of_Salamanca_in_Spanish.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Pronunciation of Salamanca in Spanish.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d0/Pronunciation_of_Salamanca_in_Spanish.ogg/Pronunciation_of_Salamanca_in_Spanish.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Pronunciation_of_Salamanca_in_Spanish.ogg" title="File:Pronunciation of Salamanca in Spanish.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>) is a <a href="/wiki/Municipality_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipality of Spain">municipality</a> and city in <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>, capital of the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Salamanca" title="Province of Salamanca">province of the same name</a>, located in the autonomous community of <a href="/wiki/Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n" title="Castile and León">Castile and León</a>. It is located in the <a href="/wiki/Campo_Charro" title="Campo Charro">Campo Charro</a> comarca, in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Meseta_Norte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meseta Norte (page does not exist)">Meseta Norte</a>, in the northwestern quadrant of the <a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberian Peninsula</a>. It has a population of 144,436 registered inhabitants (<a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Statistics_(Spain)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Institute of Statistics (Spain)">INE</a> 2017). Its <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81rea_funcional_estable&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Área funcional estable (page does not exist)">stable functional area</a> reaches 203,999 citizens, which makes it the second most populated in the autonomous community, after <a href="/wiki/Valladolid" title="Valladolid">Valladolid</a>. Salamanca is known for its large number of remarkable <a href="/wiki/Plateresque" title="Plateresque">Plateresque</a>-style buildings. </p><p>The origins of the city date back to about 2700 years ago, during the first <a href="/wiki/Iron_Age" title="Iron Age">Iron Age</a>, when the first settlers of the city settled on the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cerro_de_San_Vicente_Archaeological_Park_(Salamanca)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cerro de San Vicente Archaeological Park (Salamanca) (page does not exist)">San Vicente hill</a>, on the banks of the <a href="/wiki/Tormes" title="Tormes">Tormes</a>. Since then, the metropolis has witnessed the passage of various peoples: <a href="/wiki/Vaccaei" title="Vaccaei">Vaccaei</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vettones" title="Vettones">Vettones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Romans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Visigoths" title="Visigoths">Visigoths</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muslims" title="Muslims">Muslims</a>. <a href="/wiki/Raymond_of_Burgundy" title="Raymond of Burgundy">Raymond of Burgundy</a>, son-in-law of King <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_VI_of_Le%C3%B3n_and_Castile" title="Alfonso VI of León and Castile">Alfonso VI of León</a>, was in charge of repopulating the city during the Middle Ages and laying the foundations of modern-day Salamanca. </p><p>Salamanca is home to the oldest active university in Spain, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Salamanca" title="University of Salamanca">University of Salamanca</a>, founded in 1218 by <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_IX_of_Le%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso IX of León">Alfonso IX of León</a> on the germ of its <a href="/wiki/Studium_generale" title="Studium generale">studium generale</a>, and which was the first in Europe to hold the title of university by royal decree of <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_X_of_Castile" title="Alfonso X of Castile">Alfonso X of Castile</a> dated November 9, 1252 and by the <i>licentia ubique docendi</i> of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Alexander_IV" title="Pope Alexander IV">Pope Alexander IV</a> of 1255. During the time when it was one of the most prestigious universities in the West, the phrase <i><a href="/wiki/Quod_natura_non_dat,_Salmantica_non_pr%C3%A6stat" title="Quod natura non dat, Salmantica non præstat">Quod natura non dat, Salmantica non præstat</a></i>, <i>What nature does not give, Salamanca does not lend</i>, became popular. Salamanca is linked to universal history by names such as <a href="/wiki/Antonio_de_Nebrija" title="Antonio de Nebrija">Antonio de Nebrija</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Columbus" title="Christopher Columbus">Christopher Columbus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fernando_de_Rojas" title="Fernando de Rojas">Fernando de Rojas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Vitoria" title="Francisco de Vitoria">Francisco de Vitoria</a> and the <a href="/wiki/School_of_Salamanca" title="School of Salamanca">School of Salamanca</a>, friar <a href="/wiki/Luis_de_Le%C3%B3n" title="Luis de León">Luis de León</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beatriz_Galindo" title="Beatriz Galindo">Beatriz Galindo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Miguel_de_Unamuno" title="Miguel de Unamuno">Miguel de Unamuno</a>. </p><p>In 1988, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Old_City_of_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Old City of Salamanca (page does not exist)">Old City of Salamanca</a> was declared a <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Spain" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Spain">World Heritage Site by UNESCO</a>. It has an important historical-architectural heritage, among which stand out its two cathedrals - the <a href="/wiki/Old_Cathedral_of_Salamanca" title="Old Cathedral of Salamanca">Old cathedral</a> and the <a href="/wiki/New_Cathedral_of_Salamanca" title="New Cathedral of Salamanca">New cathedral</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Casa_de_las_Conchas" title="Casa de las Conchas">Casa de las Conchas</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Plaza_Mayor,_Salamanca" title="Plaza Mayor, Salamanca">Plaza Mayor</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Convento_de_San_Esteban,_Salamanca" title="Convento de San Esteban, Salamanca">Convento de San Esteban</a> and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Escuelas_Mayores&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Escuelas Mayores (page does not exist)">Escuelas Mayores</a>. Since 2003, <a href="/wiki/Holy_Week_in_Salamanca" title="Holy Week in Salamanca">Holy Week in Salamanca</a> has been declared of <a href="/wiki/Fiestas_of_International_Tourist_Interest_of_Spain" title="Fiestas of International Tourist Interest of Spain">international tourist interest</a>. </p><p>Salamanca is home to important scientific institutions and research centers, such as the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancer_Research_Center,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cancer Research Center, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Cancer Research Center</a>, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Institute_of_Neurosciences_of_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Institute of Neurosciences of Castile and León (page does not exist)">Institute of Neurosciences of Castile and León</a>, the Center for Water Research and Technological Development and the Ultra-Short Ultra-Intense Pulsed Laser Center. The city and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_area_of_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metropolitan area of Salamanca (page does not exist)">its metropolitan area</a>, host some of the largest companies, by turnover, in the autonomous community of Castile and León. In addition, it is considered to be a world reference in the teaching of <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish language</a>, since it concentrates 78% of the existing offer in its autonomous community, which represents 16% of the national market. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Toponymy">Toponymy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Toponymy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The origin of the toponym Salamanca is not clear. Greeks <a href="/wiki/Polybius" title="Polybius">Polybius of Megalopolis</a> and Stephanus called the city Helmantike, Greek name that for them meant "Land of divination". On the other hand, <a href="/wiki/Ptolemy" title="Ptolemy">Ptolemy</a> appeals to a <a href="/wiki/Polis" title="Polis">polis</a> dominated by the <a href="/wiki/Vaccei" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaccei">Vacceis</a> with the name of Salmatica or Salmantica. Roman <a href="/wiki/Livy" title="Livy">Livy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a> will call it Hermandica and <a href="/wiki/Polyaenus" title="Polyaenus">Polyaenus</a> calls it Salmantida or Salmatis. Other historians even call it Selium and Sentica. </p><p>On the other hand, some others like <a href="/wiki/Justin_(historian)" title="Justin (historian)">Justin</a> and later Rui Méndez or Murillo attributed the creation of the city to <a href="/wiki/Teucer" title="Teucer">Teucer</a>, son of Telamon, king of <a href="/wiki/Salamis,_Cyprus" title="Salamis, Cyprus">Salamis</a>, who after being defeated in the <a href="/wiki/Trojan_War" title="Trojan War">Trojan War</a>, came to the Iberian Peninsula and founded a city, which remembering his homeland he would call Salamatica. Another theory that can be resorted to is that of the existence of a god of the first inhabitants -nomadic shepherds and Neolithic farmers- called Helman, whose name derived from the toponym Helmantica. </p><p>The philologist <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mart%C3%ADn_Ruip%C3%A9rez_S%C3%A1nchez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martín Ruipérez Sánchez (page does not exist)">Martín S. Ruipérez</a> contributes a new interpretative line that is summarized in that "the first element of Salamanca, <i>sala-</i> is the designation of the ford of a river", "<i>sal-</i> and <i>hel-</i> cannot be linguistically related one from the other" and regarding the second element <i>-manca</i> "where some believe to see the same element in the toponym <a href="/wiki/Talamanca_de_Jarama" title="Talamanca de Jarama">Talamanca (de Jarama)</a> which, in turn, would coincide in its first element with Talavera, and in <a href="/wiki/Simancas" title="Simancas">Simancas</a>, all of which is undemonstrable". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Symbols">Symbols</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Symbols"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Escudo_de_Salamanca.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Heraldic representation of the municipal coat of arms"><img alt="Heraldic representation of the municipal coat of arms" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Escudo_de_Salamanca.svg/140px-Escudo_de_Salamanca.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Escudo_de_Salamanca.svg/210px-Escudo_de_Salamanca.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Escudo_de_Salamanca.svg/280px-Escudo_de_Salamanca.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Heraldic representation of the municipal coat of arms</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Coat_of_arms">Coat of arms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Coat of arms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The municipal <a href="/wiki/Escutcheon_(heraldry)" title="Escutcheon (heraldry)">heraldic shield</a> was approved on 11 June 1996 with the following <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">coat of arms</a>: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"Shield parted. First, of silver, with a stone bridge, pierced in sable, on which is passing a bull arrested in sable, and behind it a fig tree of sinople, uprooted. Second, of gold with four gules poles; bordure of azure with eight silver pate crosses. Manteled in silver chief, with two lions, natural, on the flanks and facing each other. To the bell, the Spanish Royal Crown, open and without diadems"</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Official_Gazette_of_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Official Gazette of Castile and León (page does not exist)">Official Gazette of Castile and León</a></i>, no. 118 of June 20, 1996.</cite></div></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flag">Flag</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Flag"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The municipal flag was approved with the following textual description: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p><i>"Rectangular flag of proportions 2:3, red with the coat of arms of Salamanca in the center"</i></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Salamanca" title="Timeline of Salamanca">Timeline of Salamanca</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Salamanca_in_the_universal_history">Salamanca in the universal history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Salamanca in the universal history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Salamanca has been linked to Universal History by a series of events and personalities that came to mark the evolution of Western society: </p> <ul><li>The creation of the first grammar of <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish language</a> in 1492 by <a href="/wiki/Antonio_de_Nebrija" title="Antonio de Nebrija">Antonio de Nebrija</a>, the famous <i><a href="/wiki/Gram%C3%A1tica_de_la_lengua_castellana" title="Gramática de la lengua castellana">Gramática de la lengua castellana</a></i>. It was the first study of the rules of a Western European language other than <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> and this fact marks the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Golden_Age" title="Spanish Golden Age">Spanish Golden Age</a>.</li> <li>The preparations of <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Columbus" title="Christopher Columbus">Christopher Columbus</a> for his first voyage in the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Americas" title="History of the Americas">European discovery of the Americas</a>. The Cloister of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Salamanca" title="University of Salamanca">University of Salamanca</a> met in council to discuss his project. During these years, Columbus obtained the support of the <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Order" title="Dominican Order">Dominicans</a>, staying at the <a href="/wiki/Convento_de_San_Esteban,_Salamanca" title="Convento de San Esteban, Salamanca">Convento de San Esteban</a>. The Salamanca astronomer <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Zacuto" title="Abraham Zacuto">Abraham Zacuto</a> was his great scientific support for the trip.</li> <li>The years of study of <a href="/wiki/Hern%C3%A1n_Cort%C3%A9s" title="Hernán Cortés">Hernán Cortés</a> before leaving for the Americas and conquering the <a href="/wiki/Aztec_Empire" title="Aztec Empire">Aztec Empire</a>.</li> <li>The defense of the rights of the natives of the <a href="/wiki/New_World" title="New World">New World</a> by the <a href="/wiki/School_of_Salamanca" title="School of Salamanca">School of Salamanca</a>, which, with <a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Vitoria" title="Francisco de Vitoria">Francisco de Vitoria</a> at its head, reformulated the concept of <a href="/wiki/Natural_law" title="Natural law">natural law</a>, renewed <a href="/wiki/Theology" title="Theology">theology</a>, laid the foundations of modern law of nations, <a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">international law</a> and modern economic science, and actively participated in the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Trent" title="Council of Trent">Council of Trent</a>.</li> <li>At this Council, mathematicians from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Salamanca" title="University of Salamanca">University of Salamanca</a> proposed to Pope <a href="/wiki/Gregory_XIII" class="mw-redirect" title="Gregory XIII">Gregory XIII</a> the calendar that came to be known as the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a> and is currently used all over the world. The germ was two studies carried out in 1515 and 1578 by scientists at the university, which were submitted to the church.</li> <li>The partial translation of the Bible into Spanish, made by <a href="/wiki/Luis_de_Le%C3%B3n" title="Luis de León">Friar Luis de León</a>.</li> <li>The oldest preserved printed book on modern <a href="/wiki/Chess" title="Chess">chess</a>, <i>Repetición de amores y arte de ajedrez</i>, by the religious <a href="/wiki/Luis_Ram%C3%ADrez_de_Lucena" title="Luis Ramírez de Lucena">Luis Ramírez de Lucena</a>, published in Salamanca in 1496.</li> <li>The stay of <a href="/wiki/Miguel_de_Cervantes" title="Miguel de Cervantes">Miguel de Cervantes</a>, a possible student at the university, which influenced his books: <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cueva_de_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cueva de Salamanca (page does not exist)">La Cueva de Salamanca</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Don_Quixote" title="Don Quixote">Don Quixote of la Mancha</a></i> in which he makes references to Salamanca through the character of the bachelor Sansón Carrasco, <i>La tía fingida</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/El_licenciado_Vidriera" title="El licenciado Vidriera">El licenciado Vidriera</a></i>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Antiquity">Antiquity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Antiquity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Salamanca._Cerro_de_San_Vicente_-_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Salamanca._Cerro_de_San_Vicente_-_2.jpg/220px-Salamanca._Cerro_de_San_Vicente_-_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Salamanca._Cerro_de_San_Vicente_-_2.jpg/330px-Salamanca._Cerro_de_San_Vicente_-_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Salamanca._Cerro_de_San_Vicente_-_2.jpg/440px-Salamanca._Cerro_de_San_Vicente_-_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4160" data-file-height="2336" /></a><figcaption>Remains of a house at the Cerro de San Vicente Archaeological Park (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 800</span>–400 BC), a hamlet assigned to the Early <a href="/wiki/Iron_Age" title="Iron Age">Iron Age</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The first human habitat in the Salamanca area has been dated to the beginning of the first millennium BC. This is attested by the ceramic remains found in the "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Cerro_de_San_Vicente_Archaeological_Park_(Salamanca)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cerro de San Vicente Archaeological Park (Salamanca) (page does not exist)">San Vicente hill</a>" and which have been ascribed to the <a href="/wiki/Las_Cogotas" title="Las Cogotas">Las Cogotas I</a> culture of the <a href="/wiki/Bronze_Age" title="Bronze Age">Final Bronze Age</a>. In this same hill has been found what to date is considered the first human settlement of stable and continuous character, although already ascribed to the culture of the Soto de Medinilla of the <a href="/wiki/Iron_Age" title="Iron Age">first Iron Age</a> (7th century BC). Later, already in the <a href="/wiki/Iron_Age" title="Iron Age">second Iron Age</a> (from the 4th century BC), it has been found that a new population center developed in the so-called "teso de las catedrales or cerro de San Isidro", this already of <a href="/wiki/Castros_(Spain)" title="Castros (Spain)">Castro</a> character and that lasted until the definitive Romanization of the city. All these settlements, and therefore the current site of Salamanca, owe their existence to the special geomorphological characteristics of the terrain on which they settled. Thus, the choice of the location of these successive settlements must have had a special influence on the fact that this area had three tesserae -formed by the erosion of the San Francisco and Santo Domingo streams-, their corresponding watercourses and especially the proximity of the Tormes River. These details point to the suitability of this territory for the primitive functions of defense and control of the surrounding territory. </p><p>The settlement of the hill of San Isidro must have been a city of great importance between the centuries 4th and 2nd centuries BC, not only for its dimensions, but also for its optimal orographic conditions and defensive protection, since it had a wall and moat. In 220 B.C., <a href="/wiki/Hannibal" title="Hannibal">Hannibal</a>, in his advance through <a href="/wiki/Iberia" class="mw-redirect" title="Iberia">Iberia</a>, besieged and conquered the ancient city of Helmantica (Salamanca). Thus, <a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a> says that "Hannibal besieged it and its inhabitants, to avoid further damage, submitted to him offering them three hundred talents of silver and as many hostages, raising the siege, the Helmantiqueses, failed to keep their promises and protected by their women who had hidden their weapons and managed to defeat Hannibal's troops". However, the Carthaginian general ended up seizing them and, according to <a href="/wiki/Polybius" title="Polybius">Polybius</a>, "admired by the bravery of his women, by them he returned to his men the homeland and wealth". </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/Second_Punic_War" title="Second Punic War">Second Punic War</a>, the victorious <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Roman" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Roman">Roman</a> army began its expansion throughout most of the Iberian Peninsula. Salamanca began an intense period of Romanization as a city annexed to the province of <a href="/wiki/Lusitania" title="Lusitania">Lusitania</a>. The Roman Salmantica was restructured, limiting its settlement to the so-called teso de las catedrales, abandoning the site of the hill of San Vicente. Its new configuration kept it as a remarkable city, not only for its particular defensive and accessibility characteristics, but also for being a center of exchange. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Salamanca_(4840607293).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Salamanca_%284840607293%29.jpg/220px-Salamanca_%284840607293%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Salamanca_%284840607293%29.jpg/330px-Salamanca_%284840607293%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Salamanca_%284840607293%29.jpg/440px-Salamanca_%284840607293%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="681" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Roman_bridge_of_Salamanca" title="Roman bridge of Salamanca">Roman bridge of Salamanca</a> is an infrastructure that since the 1st century allows the passage over the Tormes River</figcaption></figure> <p>Three of the cultural elements that have had the greatest influence on the configuration and development of the city of Salamanca come from the Roman period. In the first place, the <a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADa_de_la_Plata" title="Vía de la Plata">Calzada de la Plata</a>, considered as its main communication infrastructure, the main axis of city planning and a milestone in the development of its commercial function. Secondly, the <a href="/wiki/Roman_bridge_of_Salamanca" title="Roman bridge of Salamanca">Roman bridge</a>, as an infrastructure that since the 1st century guaranteed the passage over the Tormes river and therefore the access to the city from the south. The Roman bridge still remains today in the northern half, since the other half had to be rebuilt in the 17th century after the <a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Policarpo_flood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Policarpo flood (page does not exist)">San Policarpo flood</a>. Finally, the so-called Cerca Vieja, primitive wall of the city that surrounded the perimeter of the hill of San Isidro or of the cathedrals on the layout of the previous <a href="/wiki/Castros_(Spain)" title="Castros (Spain)">Castro</a>. </p><p>In November 2015, in the course of an emergency excavation carried out in the subsoil of a house located in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Calle_Libreros_(Salamanca)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calle Libreros (Salamanca) (page does not exist)">calle Libreros</a>, several fragments of a male marble statue of a togado character were found, which must have been originally located somewhere in the Roman forum of the city of Salmantica, although it must have been later reused as filler material in the place where it was discovered. The statue is exhibited in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Museum_of_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Museum of Salamanca (page does not exist)">Museum of Salamanca</a> and is the first, and to date, the only sculptural find from the Roman period that has appeared in the subsoil of the city. Some specialists consider that this finding, put in relation with several Roman inscriptions from the beginning of the Empire found in the ancient Salmantica, allows to defend the hypothetical juridical promotion of the ancient indigenous <a href="/wiki/Oppidum" title="Oppidum">oppidum</a> to Roman <a href="/wiki/Civitas" title="Civitas">civitas</a> during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middle_Ages">Middle Ages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Middle Ages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Salamanca_(49520259188).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Salamanca_%2849520259188%29.jpg/220px-Salamanca_%2849520259188%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Salamanca_%2849520259188%29.jpg/330px-Salamanca_%2849520259188%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Salamanca_%2849520259188%29.jpg/440px-Salamanca_%2849520259188%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walls_of_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walls of Salamanca (page does not exist)">Walls of Salamanca</a></figcaption></figure> <p>With the end of the <a href="/wiki/Western_Roman_Empire" title="Western Roman Empire">Western Roman Empire</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Alans" title="Alans">Alans</a> settled in <a href="/wiki/Lusitania" title="Lusitania">Lusitania</a> and the city became part of this region. Later the <a href="/wiki/Visigoths" title="Visigoths">Visigoths</a> conquered the city and annexed it to their territory. There is little information about the development of Salamanca in the Visigothic period, it is only known that in the 4th century the Roman walls were extended with <a href="/wiki/Keeps" class="mw-redirect" title="Keeps">keeps</a> on the same layout, and that the remains of the previous walls were destroyed practically in their entirety. It is known that in 589 the city was an <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Salamanca" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Salamanca">episcopal seat</a> because it was among the cities that sent bishops to the <a href="/wiki/Councils_of_Toledo" title="Councils of Toledo">councils of Toledo</a>. </p><p>In 712, with <a href="/wiki/Muslim_conquest_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim conquest of Spain">the Muslim invasion</a> of the Iberian Peninsula, <a href="/wiki/Musa_ibn_Nusayr" title="Musa ibn Nusayr">Musa ibn Nusayr</a> conquered the city. During the <a href="/wiki/Early_Middle_Ages" title="Early Middle Ages">Early Middle Ages</a>, the area remained a "no man's land" and most of its population centers were destroyed by the frequent incursions (algaradas) of the Arabs. Salamanca was reduced to an unimportant and almost uninhabited nucleus, although the bridge remained intact, with some settlers in the surrounding area. The successive attempts of the Christian kingdoms to stabilize the area caused many clashes with Muslim expeditions to the north, which caused several skirmishes and battles, such as that of <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_I_of_Asturias" title="Alfonso I of Asturias">Alfonso I of Asturias</a> in 754, which ended up destroying what was left of the town. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ramiro_II_de_Le%C3%B3n---1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Ramiro_II_de_Le%C3%B3n---1.jpg/150px-Ramiro_II_de_Le%C3%B3n---1.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Ramiro_II_de_Le%C3%B3n---1.jpg/225px-Ramiro_II_de_Le%C3%B3n---1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Ramiro_II_de_Le%C3%B3n---1.jpg/300px-Ramiro_II_de_Le%C3%B3n---1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="868" data-file-height="1590" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ramiro_II_of_Le%C3%B3n" title="Ramiro II of León">Ramiro II of León</a> undertook a first repopulation in the 10th century.</figcaption></figure><p> The area remained more or less depopulated until after the important Christian victory, in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Simancas" title="Battle of Simancas">Battle of Simancas</a> of 939, the effective repopulation of the riverside area of the Tormes began. According to the Pelagian wording of the <i>Chronicle of Sampiro</i>, two months after the end of the Islamic attack, <a href="/wiki/Ramiro_II_of_Le%C3%B3n" title="Ramiro II of León">Ramiro II of León</a> ordered the advance of his army towards the banks of the Tormes, where he says that the repopulation began: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p><i>Civitates desertas ibidem populavit; hee sunt: Salamantica, sedes antiqua castrorum, Letesma, Ribas, Balneos, Alphandiga, Penna et alia plurima castella, quod longum est prenotare.</i><br />Deserted cities regain population; these are: Salamantica, the ancient seat of the castrum, <a href="/wiki/Ledesma,_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n" title="Ledesma, Castile and León">Letesma</a>, Ribas, Balneos, <a href="/wiki/Fresno_Alh%C3%A1ndiga" title="Fresno Alhándiga">Alphandiga</a>, Penna, and many other towns, we note that it will take too long.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Sampiro" title="Sampiro">Sampiro</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Chronicle_of_Sampiro" class="mw-redirect" title="Chronicle of Sampiro">Chronicle of Sampiro</a></i>, 11th century.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>Everything seems to indicate that to the pre-existing population was added during this phase the emigration that came fundamentally from comarcas located to the north of the Duero; in the case of Salamanca it is undoubtedly that it is preferably emigrants arriving from the vicinity of <a href="/wiki/Le%C3%B3n,_Spain" title="León, Spain">León</a>, according to the donation made by <a href="/wiki/Ordo%C3%B1o_III_of_Le%C3%B3n" title="Ordoño III of León">Ordoño III of León</a> in the year 953 to the church of León of all the churches recently constructed in the alfoz of Salamanca. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AlfonsoVI_of_Castile.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/AlfonsoVI_of_Castile.jpg/170px-AlfonsoVI_of_Castile.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/AlfonsoVI_of_Castile.jpg/255px-AlfonsoVI_of_Castile.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/AlfonsoVI_of_Castile.jpg/340px-AlfonsoVI_of_Castile.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="770" /></a><figcaption>King <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_VI_of_Le%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfonso VI of León">Alfonso VI of León</a> definitively repopulated the city in 1085, entrusting the direction of this repopulation process to his son-in-law <a href="/wiki/Raymond_of_Burgundy" title="Raymond of Burgundy">Raymond of Burgundy</a></figcaption></figure><p>. </p><p>After the conquest of <a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Spain" title="Toledo, Spain">Toledo</a> by <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_VI_of_Le%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfonso VI of León">Alfonso VI of León</a> in 1085, the definitive repopulation of the city took place. In 1102, <a href="/wiki/Raymond_of_Burgundy" title="Raymond of Burgundy">Raymond of Burgundy</a> went to the city with a large group of settlers of diverse origins, with a composition similar to the new inhabitants of the city of <a href="/wiki/%C3%81vila" title="Ávila">Ávila</a> -<a href="/wiki/Franks" title="Franks">Franks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Castile_(historical_region)" title="Castile (historical region)">Castilians</a>, serranos, <a href="/wiki/Mozarabs" title="Mozarabs">Mozarabs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toro,_Zamora" title="Toro, Zamora">Toroans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_people" title="Portuguese people">Portugueses</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bragan%C3%A7a,_Portugal" title="Bragança, Portugal">Bragançans</a>, as well as with the occasional collaboration of Galicians, Jews and Muslims; which are collected in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fuero_de_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fuero de Salamanca (page does not exist)">Fuero de Salamanca</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by order of his father-in-law Alfonso VI. These founded their respective churches and parishes.<sup id="cite_ref-Salamanca_y_su_alfoz_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Salamanca_y_su_alfoz-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of all the repopulating groups the most important was that of the Serranos (mountainous-Castilian people) , also called the warrior-shepherds, dedicated exclusively to the care of their livestock and warfare. It should not be forgotten that all of medieval Extremadura, territory between the Duero and the Central System, was known in the Arab chronicles as "Country of the Serranos".<sup id="cite_ref-Salamanca_y_su_alfoz_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Salamanca_y_su_alfoz-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Even today there is still a street "calle Serranos" around which this repopulating group was agglutinated. </p><p>The new settlers occupied the old walled enclosure and colonized new lands in the surrounding area. The occupation of the city responded to social, ethnic and power criteria. Thus, the social elite was located in the center of the city, a space that coincided with that of the ancient Celtiberian city. The Serranos, linked to political and military power, occupied the western part (house of the royal representative and <a href="/wiki/Alc%C3%A1zar" title="Alcázar">Alcázar</a>) and the Franks to the east, together with the Episcopal see and the commercial center around the Azogue Viejo. The Jews will be located next to the Alcázar and the remaining groups of repopulators (Castilians, Portuguese, Jews, Mozarabs, Toroans and Galicians, among others) will be located in the spaces outside the walls. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Salamanca_-_Catedral_Vieja,_exteriores_15_(Torre_del_Gallo).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Salamanca_-_Catedral_Vieja%2C_exteriores_15_%28Torre_del_Gallo%29.jpg/220px-Salamanca_-_Catedral_Vieja%2C_exteriores_15_%28Torre_del_Gallo%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Salamanca_-_Catedral_Vieja%2C_exteriores_15_%28Torre_del_Gallo%29.jpg/330px-Salamanca_-_Catedral_Vieja%2C_exteriores_15_%28Torre_del_Gallo%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Salamanca_-_Catedral_Vieja%2C_exteriores_15_%28Torre_del_Gallo%29.jpg/440px-Salamanca_-_Catedral_Vieja%2C_exteriores_15_%28Torre_del_Gallo%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Old_cathedral_of_Salamanca" class="mw-redirect" title="Old cathedral of Salamanca">Old cathedral of Salamanca</a>, built between 1120 and 1236, on the initiative of its first bishop <a href="/wiki/Jerome_of_P%C3%A9rigord" title="Jerome of Périgord">Jerome of Périgord</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2008-07-07_Universidad_de_Salamanca.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/2008-07-07_Universidad_de_Salamanca.jpg/220px-2008-07-07_Universidad_de_Salamanca.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/2008-07-07_Universidad_de_Salamanca.jpg/330px-2008-07-07_Universidad_de_Salamanca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/2008-07-07_Universidad_de_Salamanca.jpg/440px-2008-07-07_Universidad_de_Salamanca.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Current buildings of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Salamanca" title="University of Salamanca">University of Salamanca</a>, built between 1401 and 1611. Until the 15th century, classes were held in the cloister of the Old Cathedral, in houses rented from the chapter and in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_San_Benito_(Salamanca)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Church of San Benito (Salamanca) (page does not exist)">church of San Benito</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Salamanca" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Salamanca">Diocese of Salamanca</a> was restored (the first bishop being <a href="/wiki/Jerome_of_P%C3%A9rigord" title="Jerome of Périgord">Jerome of Périgord</a>) and the construction of the <a href="/wiki/Old_Cathedral_of_Salamanca" title="Old Cathedral of Salamanca">Old Cathedral</a> was begun, at whose side some schools were founded, which would be the seed of the future university. </p><p>In 1218, the monarch <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_IX_of_Le%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso IX of León">Alfonso IX of León</a> granted privileges that attracted new settlers -among them a large Jewish community-, the city expanded its walled perimeter and granted the <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_schools" class="mw-redirect" title="Cathedral schools">cathedral schools</a> the rank of <a href="/wiki/Studium_generale" title="Studium generale">studium generale</a> which, in 1254, would become <a href="/wiki/University_of_Salamanca" title="University of Salamanca">University of Salamanca</a> by royal decree of <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_X_of_Castile" title="Alfonso X of Castile">Alfonso X of Castile</a>, later ratified by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Alexander_IV" title="Pope Alexander IV">Pope Alexander IV</a>, in 1255: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>To the University of Salamanca's teachers and schoolchildren:<br />We consider it worthy and convenient that those who daily cultivate with lessons the field of study so that they may receive the daisy of science find us favorable and benign in their petitions so that their study may be exercised all the more freely the more they feel protected by apostolic favor. <br />And consequently, in accordance with your request, informed that it sometimes happens that those who have been examined in the Salamancan study and are declared suitable are not allowed to dictate elsewhere if they do not undergo another examination, attending to the request of the illustrious king of Castile and León and yours, we declare that, after some teacher or scholar of Salamanca has taken the relevant examination in some faculty and was declared suitable, he may practice in any other study, without new examination, except in Paris and Bologna. </p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Letter of Pope Alexander IV to the University of Salamanca. 1255.<br />I. Rodríguez de Lama, <i>The pontifical documentation of Pope Alexander IV.</i> 1976.</cite></div></blockquote> <p>The university would eventually achieve great prestige. </p><p>On August 12, 1311, the only king of Castile and León that the city has ever produced, <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_XI_of_Castile" title="Alfonso XI of Castile">Alfonso XI</a> "the Avenger", was born within <a href="/w/index.php?title=Walls_of_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walls of Salamanca (page does not exist)">Salamanca's walls</a>. He acceded to the throne at the age of fourteen and conquered <a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a> in command of the militias of the Crown, in which the large presence of Salamancan contingents stood out. </p><p>During the 15th century, Salamanca was the scene of great rivalries that affected all areas of urban life, triggering the so-called <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Bands" title="War of the Bands">War of the Bandos</a>, which pitted two factions led by families of the nobility - the Benitinos and the Tomesinos, so called because they were grouped around the parishes of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_San_Benito,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Church of San Benito, Salamanca (page does not exist)">San Benito</a> and Santo Tomé- that disputed the control of the city and that years later concluded with the signing of a Concord achieved by a brave Augustinian friar who, in time, became the patron saint of the city: <a href="/wiki/John_of_Sahag%C3%BAn" title="John of Sahagún">Saint John of Sahagún</a>. </p><p>The 15th century was plagued by social conflict and tensions among the urban elites (a complex development, often oversimplified as an infighting between bandos), with occasional outbursts of grave episodes of violence, conveying a chronic feeling of insecurity.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The late 15th century population has been tentatively estimated at 15,000–25,000.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the turn of the 16th century most of the population dwelled at the right (north) bank of the Tormes, with a small <i>arrabal</i> in the south bank inhabited by roughly 300 people.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMartín_Martín198228_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMartín_Martín198228-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the rise of the <a href="/wiki/Mesta" title="Mesta">Mesta</a>, Salamanca gained importance as a center of <a href="/wiki/Manufacturing" title="Manufacturing">manufacturings</a> draperies and as an exporter of <a href="/wiki/Wool" title="Wool">wool</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_modern_Age">Early modern Age</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Early modern Age"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:42_Convento_de_San_Esteb%C3%A1n,_Salamanca.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/42_Convento_de_San_Esteb%C3%A1n%2C_Salamanca.jpg/220px-42_Convento_de_San_Esteb%C3%A1n%2C_Salamanca.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/42_Convento_de_San_Esteb%C3%A1n%2C_Salamanca.jpg/330px-42_Convento_de_San_Esteb%C3%A1n%2C_Salamanca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/42_Convento_de_San_Esteb%C3%A1n%2C_Salamanca.jpg/440px-42_Convento_de_San_Esteb%C3%A1n%2C_Salamanca.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4016" data-file-height="6016" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Plateresque" title="Plateresque">Plateresque</a> <a href="/wiki/Convento_de_San_Esteban,_Salamanca" title="Convento de San Esteban, Salamanca">Convento de San Esteban</a>, built between 1524-1610.</figcaption></figure> <p>Like the rest of the historical nuclei of the Crown that had representation in Cortes, Salamanca joined the <a href="/wiki/Revolt_of_the_Comuneros" title="Revolt of the Comuneros">movement of the Communities of Castile</a> (1520) against the new taxes demanded by <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Cortes_of_Castile" class="mw-redirect" title="Cortes of Castile">Cortes of Castile</a> and in defense of its textile manufactures against the privileges of the wool exporters. After the defeat of the Comuneros, King Carlos V had the upper part of the towers of the palaces of the Salamancans who joined the revolt removed. </p><p>The 16th century was the period of greatest splendor of the city, both in demography and in university life, thanks to the prestige of its professors, with the so-called <a href="/wiki/School_of_Salamanca" title="School of Salamanca">School of Salamanca</a>. Then it joined the general decline of the cities of the Crown of Castile in the Meseta Norte (12,000 inhabitants in 1651). Moreover, it was around that time that the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_San_Isidoro,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Church of San Isidoro, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Church of San Isidoro</a> was built. </p><p>The juridical doctrine of the <a href="/wiki/School_of_Salamanca" title="School of Salamanca">School of Salamanca</a> represented a change in trajectory from medieval law, which relied extensively on the tradition of <a href="/wiki/Casuistry" title="Casuistry">casuistry</a> and on <a href="/wiki/Roman_law" title="Roman law">Roman law</a>, to a system that focused more on <a href="/wiki/Scholasticism" title="Scholasticism">scholasticism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thomism" title="Thomism">Thomism</a>, and which tried to be more explicitly universal. Since Spain had just started colonizing the Americas, the School of Salamanca was interested in the rights on non-Europeans, including rights as a corporeal being (right to life), economic rights (right to own property) and spiritual rights (rights to freedom of thought and rights related to intrinsic human dignity). Due to the institutional connections of Dominicans at the University of Salamanca (especially <a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Vitoria" title="Francisco de Vitoria">Francisco de Vitoria</a>) and Dominican missionaries in the colonies (such as <a href="/wiki/Antonio_de_Montesinos" title="Antonio de Montesinos">Antonio de Montesinos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bartolom%C3%A9_de_las_Casas" title="Bartolomé de las Casas">Bartolomé de las Casas</a>), the School of Salamanca was critical of the Spanish colonists and the laws that permitted their abusive treatment of native peoples. Their work on the idea of <i>ius gentium</i>, or "rights of peoples/nations", was a crucial contribution to the modern development of <a href="/wiki/Human_rights" title="Human rights">human rights</a> and <a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">international law</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:23_Catedral_Nueva,_Salamanca.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/23_Catedral_Nueva%2C_Salamanca.jpg/220px-23_Catedral_Nueva%2C_Salamanca.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/23_Catedral_Nueva%2C_Salamanca.jpg/330px-23_Catedral_Nueva%2C_Salamanca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/23_Catedral_Nueva%2C_Salamanca.jpg/440px-23_Catedral_Nueva%2C_Salamanca.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4016" data-file-height="6016" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Plateresque" title="Plateresque">Plateresque</a> South facade of the <a href="/wiki/New_Cathedral_of_Salamanca" title="New Cathedral of Salamanca">New Cathedral of Salamanca</a>, church built between 1513 and 1733.</figcaption></figure> <p>During the 16th century, the city reached its height of splendour (it is estimated that Salamanca had about 24,000 inhabitants and around 1580 6500 students were enrolled each year). During that period, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Salamanca" title="University of Salamanca">University of Salamanca</a> hosted the most important intellectuals of the time;<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> these groups of mostly-<a href="/wiki/Dominican_Order" title="Dominican Order">Dominican</a> scholars were designated the <a href="/wiki/School_of_Salamanca" title="School of Salamanca">School of Salamanca</a>. </p><p>In 1551, the Holy Roman Emperor <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor</a> ordered an inquiry to find out if the science of Andreas <a href="/wiki/Vesalius" class="mw-redirect" title="Vesalius">Vesalius</a>, physician and anatomist, was in line with Catholic doctrine. Vesalius came to Salamanca that same year to appear before the board and was acquitted. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Jewish_quarter_(diaspora)" title="Jewish quarter (diaspora)">Jewish quarter</a> of Salamanca was located to the north, next to the walls (more or less the current avenida de Mirat). When, <a href="/wiki/Expulsion_of_Jews_from_Spain" title="Expulsion of Jews from Spain">in 1492, they were expelled</a>, the neighborhood was walled up and respected by the Salamancans, probably thinking of a possible return, and when it became uninhabited it was filled with rabbits, so it has been known until recently as <i>barrio del Conejal</i>. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plaza_Mayor_de_Salamanca_in_the_18th_century,_Spain.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Plaza_Mayor_de_Salamanca_in_the_18th_century%2C_Spain.jpg/240px-Plaza_Mayor_de_Salamanca_in_the_18th_century%2C_Spain.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Plaza_Mayor_de_Salamanca_in_the_18th_century%2C_Spain.jpg/360px-Plaza_Mayor_de_Salamanca_in_the_18th_century%2C_Spain.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Plaza_Mayor_de_Salamanca_in_the_18th_century%2C_Spain.jpg/480px-Plaza_Mayor_de_Salamanca_in_the_18th_century%2C_Spain.jpg 2x" data-file-width="608" data-file-height="405" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Plaza_Mayor,_Salamanca" title="Plaza Mayor, Salamanca">Plaza Mayor de Salamanca</a>, painting of the 18th century.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the 18th century it had an important economic and cultural revival, which led to the completion of the <a href="/wiki/New_Cathedral_of_Salamanca" title="New Cathedral of Salamanca">New Cathedral of Salamanca</a> (whose works had been stopped for almost a century) and the construction of its imposing <a href="/wiki/Baroque" title="Baroque">baroque</a> <a href="/wiki/Plaza_Mayor,_Salamanca" title="Plaza Mayor, Salamanca">Plaza Mayor</a> in 1729. When the great <a href="/wiki/1755_Lisbon_earthquake" title="1755 Lisbon earthquake">Lisbon earthquake of 1755</a> struck, many of the city's monumental buildings saw the integrity of their fabrics endangered. One of the most revealing images of its effects can still be seen in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_San_Mart%C3%ADn_de_Tours_(Salamanca)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Church of San Martín de Tours (Salamanca) (page does not exist)">Church of San Martín</a>: many of the stones must have been in the air for a fraction of a second, enough for the pillars to tilt and the voussoirs of arches and vaults to fall in a place that was not exactly the one they had occupied until that moment, so that in its interior today one can see arched walls and pillars, deformed arches and ribs. However, the city's economic prosperity made it possible to renovate many of the monumental buildings damaged by the earthquake, including the cathedral, which was the most affected of all the Spanish cathedrals. In the cultural aspect, the influence of the <a href="/wiki/Enlightenment_in_Spain" title="Enlightenment in Spain">Bourbon Enlightenment</a> was also noted in the University in the last third of the century. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_era">Modern era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Modern era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wellington_a_Salamanca.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wellington_a_Salamanca.jpg/220px-Wellington_a_Salamanca.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wellington_a_Salamanca.jpg/330px-Wellington_a_Salamanca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wellington_a_Salamanca.jpg/440px-Wellington_a_Salamanca.jpg 2x" data-file-width="956" data-file-height="693" /></a><figcaption>Wellington at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Salamanca" title="Battle of Salamanca">Battle of Salamanca</a> (22 July 1812), also known as Battle of the Arapiles, part of the Peninsular War.</figcaption></figure> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Peninsular_War" title="Peninsular War">Peninsular War</a>, Salamanca was occupied by the troops of Marshal <a href="/wiki/Soult" class="mw-redirect" title="Soult">Soult</a> in 1809 and remained in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">French</a> hands until the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arapiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Arapiles">Battle of Arapiles</a> (1812), in which an <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Portuguese_Army" title="Anglo-Portuguese Army">Anglo-Portuguese Army</a> led by <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington">Wellington</a> decisively defeated the French army of <a href="/wiki/Auguste_de_Marmont" title="Auguste de Marmont">Marmont</a>. During the occupation, the French built defenses and, in order to obtain materials, destroyed an important part of the Salamancan buildings, especially in the neighborhood called Caídos (demolished), where the well-known <a href="/wiki/Residential_college" title="Residential college">colegios mayores</a> of the University were erected, of which no trace remains. The western quarter of Salamanca was seriously damaged by cannon fire. The battle which raged that day is famous as a defining moment in military history<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and thirteen thousand men were killed or wounded in the space of only a few short hours. A bad moment came when <a href="/wiki/Fernando_VII_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Fernando VII of Spain">Fernando VII of Spain</a> closed the Spanish universities. After the reopening, the University of Salamanca was reduced to a provincial university. For the province of Salamanca acted the Salamanca guerrilla and military <a href="/wiki/Juli%C3%A1n_S%C3%A1nchez_Garc%C3%ADa" title="Julián Sánchez García">Julián Sánchez García</a> "El Charro" in command of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancers_of_Castile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lancers of Castile (page does not exist)">Lancers of Castile</a> unit. </p><p>In 1833 the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Salamanca" title="Province of Salamanca">province of Salamanca</a> was created, framed in the <a href="/wiki/Region_of_Le%C3%B3n" title="Region of León">Region of León</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> thus making the city of Salamanca the capital of that province, becoming home to the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diputaci%C3%B3n_Provincial_de_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diputación Provincial de Salamanca (page does not exist)">Diputación de Salamanca</a>. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roman_bridge_of_Salamanca_1860_H._Penn,_J._Godfrey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Roman_bridge_of_Salamanca_1860_H._Penn%2C_J._Godfrey.jpg/200px-Roman_bridge_of_Salamanca_1860_H._Penn%2C_J._Godfrey.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="312" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Roman_bridge_of_Salamanca_1860_H._Penn%2C_J._Godfrey.jpg/300px-Roman_bridge_of_Salamanca_1860_H._Penn%2C_J._Godfrey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Roman_bridge_of_Salamanca_1860_H._Penn%2C_J._Godfrey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="316" data-file-height="493" /></a><figcaption>Citizens at the entrance of Salamanca in 1878 by <a href="/wiki/Harry_Fenn" title="Harry Fenn">Harry Fenn</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>In 1873, after the proclamation of the <a href="/wiki/First_Spanish_Republic" title="First Spanish Republic">First Spanish Republic</a>, the first serious attempt to federalize Spain was undertaken through the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Draft_Constitution_of_1873" title="Spanish Draft Constitution of 1873">draft Constitution of 1873</a>. Barely five days after the presentation of this project, Salamanca suffered a <a href="/wiki/Cantonalism" title="Cantonalism">Cantonalista</a> uprising which, after four days of success, was put down on July 26, 1873. Subsequently, a military pronouncement took away the First Republic and the regionalizing initiative of the Federal State. During the rest of the 19th century the city experienced a slight recovery when it was named provincial capital and the <a href="/wiki/Railroad" class="mw-redirect" title="Railroad">railroad</a> linking <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> with <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>, which passed through the Meseta (<a href="/wiki/Medina_del_Campo" title="Medina del Campo">Medina del Campo</a> and Salamanca, 1877), was built. </p><p>During the devastating <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a> (1936–1939) the city quickly went over to the Nationalist side and was temporarily used as the <i>de facto</i> headquarters for the rebel faction. <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Franco" title="Francisco Franco">Francisco Franco</a> was proclaimed <i>Generalissimo</i> on 21 September 1936 while at the city. In April 1937, the <a href="/wiki/FET_y_de_las_JONS" title="FET y de las JONS">FET y de las JONS</a>, the single party of the ensuing dictatorship, was created via a <a href="/wiki/Unification_Decree_(Spain,_1937)" title="Unification Decree (Spain, 1937)">Unification Decree</a> issued at the city upon the merging of the fascist Falange and the traditionalist carlists. The Nationalists soon moved most of the administrative premises to <a href="/wiki/Burgos" title="Burgos">Burgos</a>, which, being more central, was better suited for this purpose. However, some administrative apparatus, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Episcopal_Palace_of_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Episcopal Palace of Salamanca (page does not exist)">Episcopal Palace</a>, next to the Old Cathedral was the residence and command center of General <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Franco" title="Francisco Franco">Francisco Franco</a>, and the military commands stayed in Salamanca, along with the German and Italian fascist delegations, making it the <i>de facto</i> Nationalist capital and centre of power during the entire civil war.<sup id="cite_ref-ht01_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ht01-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ht02_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ht02-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like much of fervently Catholic and largely rural <a href="/wiki/Le%C3%B3n_(historical_region)" class="mw-redirect" title="León (historical region)">León</a> and <a href="/wiki/Old_Castile" title="Old Castile">Old Castile</a> regions, Salamanca was a staunch supporter of the Nationalist side and <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Franco" title="Francisco Franco">Francisco Franco</a>'s regime for its long duration. </p><p>After the war, the documents seized by the rebel army as they occupied the territory that had defended the Republic were concentrated in Salamanca, creating a large documentary archive on the Spanish Civil War (<a href="/wiki/General_Archive_of_the_Spanish_Civil_War" title="General Archive of the Spanish Civil War">General Archive of the Spanish Civil War</a>). The part of this archive, which deals with <a href="/wiki/Catalonia" title="Catalonia">Catalonia</a>, as well as many valuable papers and documents of individuals and institutions not belonging to that region, was transferred to <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a> in the spring of 2006, after great disputes between the <a href="/w/index.php?title=City_Council_of_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="City Council of Salamanca (page does not exist)">Salamanca City Council</a> and the Spanish government, and popular demonstrations. The Salamanca City Council, presided by Julián Lanzarote (<a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_(Spain)" title="People's Party (Spain)">PP</a>), changed the name of the street where the archive is located from "Gibraltar" (a name that paid homage to the Salamanca militias that went with <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_XI_of_Castile" title="Alfonso XI of Castile">Alfonso XI of Castile</a> to the conquest of <a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a>) to "El Expolio", as a sign of protest after the transfer of the "<a href="/wiki/Salamanca_Papers" title="Salamanca Papers">Salamanca Papers</a>" to Catalonia. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PM_NE_0554_20.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/PM_NE_0554_20.jpg/220px-PM_NE_0554_20.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/PM_NE_0554_20.jpg/330px-PM_NE_0554_20.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/PM_NE_0554_20.jpg/440px-PM_NE_0554_20.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="403" /></a><figcaption>Salamancan family posing at the entrance of the <a href="/wiki/New_Cathedral_of_Salamanca" title="New Cathedral of Salamanca">new cathedral</a> in 1984.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1940, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_XII" title="Pope Pius XII">Pope Pius XII</a> founded the <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_University_of_Salamanca" title="Pontifical University of Salamanca">Pontifical University of Salamanca</a> as a continuation of the ancient theological studies. In 1988 Salamanca was declared a <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Spain" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Spain">World Heritage City by UNESCO</a>. In 1998, by agreement of the Ministers of Culture of the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>, Salamanca was designated (shared with <a href="/wiki/Bruges" title="Bruges">Bruges</a>), <a href="/wiki/European_Capital_of_Culture" title="European Capital of Culture">European Capital of Culture</a> for the year 2002. The city also aspires to obtain the candidacy for the Universal Exposition of Salamanca in the not too distant future. </p><p>Currently the population of the capital of Salamanca, stagnant for about three decades, is around 160,000 inhabitants, although in 2006 it decreased by more than 11,000 people with respect to the year 1994. This is mainly due to the transfer of part of its population to the metropolitan area, and a <a href="/wiki/Total_fertility_rate" title="Total fertility rate">very low birth rates</a> that occurred from the 1980s onwards (See <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Spain" title="Demographics of Spain">Demographics of Spain</a>) leading to an <a href="/wiki/Ageing_of_Europe" title="Ageing of Europe">aging population</a>, a phenomenon common to many other Spanish cities, although there is also a high rate of emigration to places like <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a>. It is significant to note that the province of Salamanca has a high rate of aging population with respect to national data. From June 7–10, 1994, the World Conference on Special Needs Education took place in the capital of Salamanca, with 92 governments and 25 international organizations represented, and concluded with the "Salamanca Declaration of Principles, Policy and Practice for Special Needs Education".<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For its part, the service sector (the buoyant <a href="/wiki/Cultural_tourism" title="Cultural tourism">cultural tourism</a> and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Salamanca" title="University of Salamanca">University</a>) is the main source of income for the city. Particularly relevant is the educational activity during the summer, as it has a large influx of students from many countries, who mostly come to learn the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish language</a> and attend various summer courses. On October 14 and 15, 2005, the capital of Salamanca hosted the XV <a href="/wiki/Ibero-American_Summit" title="Ibero-American Summit">Ibero-American Summit</a> of Heads of State and Government. The Crown Prince of Japan <a href="/wiki/Naruhito" title="Naruhito">Naruhito</a> visited the city on June 13, 2013 on the occasion of the commemoration of the 400th anniversary of the Spanish-Japanese exchange. He received from the hands of Mayor <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Fern%C3%A1ndez_Ma%C3%B1ueco" title="Alfonso Fernández Mañueco">Alfonso Fernández Mañueco</a> the keys to the city.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Integrated in the comarca of <a href="/wiki/Campo_Charro" title="Campo Charro">Campo Charro</a>, the capital of Salamanca is located 64 kilometers from <a href="/wiki/Zamora,_Spain" title="Zamora, Spain">Zamora</a>, 109 kilometers from <a href="/wiki/%C3%81vila" title="Ávila">Ávila</a>, 121 kilometers from <a href="/wiki/Valladolid" title="Valladolid">Valladolid</a>, 123 kilometers from <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> and 202 kilometers from <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A1ceres,_Spain" title="Cáceres, Spain">Cáceres</a>. </p><p>The relief of the municipality is characterized by the confluence of two geological and environmental units of the southwest of the Castilian-Leonese plateau on the banks of the <a href="/wiki/Tormes" title="Tormes">Tormes river</a>. On the one hand, to the north and east, the Tertiary sedimentary basin, characterized by extensive plains dedicated to dry farming; on the other, the peneplain of the Paleozoic socket to the south and west, where an ecosystem of oak groves and pastures known as <a href="/wiki/Campo_Charro" title="Campo Charro">Campo Charro</a> predominates, mostly dedicated to livestock. </p><p>The city is located at an altitude of 800 meters above sea level. The altitude of the municipality varies from 911 meters (Los Montalvos), in the southwest, and 763 meters in the last stretch in the municipality of the <a href="/wiki/Tormes" title="Tormes">Tormes</a> river. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the data in the table below and the criteria of the modified <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Salamanca_Airport" title="Salamanca Airport">Salamanca Airport</a> (which is located near the city in the municipality of <a href="/wiki/Calvarrasa_de_Abajo" title="Calvarrasa de Abajo">Calvarrasa de Abajo</a>) has a <a href="/wiki/Semi-arid_climate" title="Semi-arid climate">cold semi-arid</a> type <i>BSk</i> ("cold steppe")<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.koppen-map.com/">[1]</a> the transition boundary to Mediterranean climates of type <i>Csa</i> and <i>Csb</i>. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Salamanca_Airport" title="Salamanca Airport">Salamanca Airport</a> 790 m (2,590 ft) 1991–2020 normals, 1945-present extremes </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.7<br />(71.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.0<br />(77.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.1<br />(79.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.0<br />(87.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF3000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.5<br />(94.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF0E00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.4<br />(102.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF0400; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.9<br />(105.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF0200; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.1<br />(106.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.0<br />(102.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF2E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.8<br />(94.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.8<br />(76.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9226; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.2<br />(68.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF0300; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">41.0<br />(105.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.0<br />(53.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.6<br />(60.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9123; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.4<br />(68.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8104; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.7<br />(72.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.1<br />(79.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.9<br />(87.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF2B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.2<br />(95.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF3800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.3<br />(91.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.9<br />(85.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.7<br />(76.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFA954; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.9<br />(62.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFBF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.7<br />(56.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF2B00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">35.2<br />(95.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFDFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.1<br />(48.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6<br />(52.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.2<br />(59.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.3<br />(63.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8710; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.8<br />(71.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.3<br />(81.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.6<br />(87.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.2<br />(86.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.5<br />(77.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF962E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.6<br />(67.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFC489; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.0<br />(55.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9<br />(49.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">19.3<br />(66.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.3<br />(39.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFF8F1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.5<br />(41.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4C9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.4<br />(47.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4A9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7<br />(51.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFB872; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.7<br />(58.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9A35; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.1<br />(66.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8913; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.6<br />(70.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B17; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.3<br />(70.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA54B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.5<br />(63.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFC58B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.9<br />(55.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.7<br />(45.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0<br />(41.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFC892; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">12.4<br />(54.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E3E3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.6<br />(30.9) </td> <td style="background: #E3E3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.6<br />(30.9) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.6<br />(34.9) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.0<br />(39.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFE9D4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.6<br />(45.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.9<br />(51.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFC790; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.5<br />(54.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFC993; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.3<br />(54.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4<br />(48.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.2<br />(43.2) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.4<br />(36.3) </td> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1<br />(32.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFF8F1; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">5.5<br />(41.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #CDCDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.6<br />(23.7) </td> <td style="background: #C9C9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.5<br />(22.1) </td> <td style="background: #DEDEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.5<br />(29.3) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.0<br />(33.8) </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.4<br />(39.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFE2C6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.6<br />(47.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7B0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2<br />(50.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD8B1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1<br />(50.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.0<br />(44.6) </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.8<br />(35.2) </td> <td style="background: #D7D7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.8<br />(27.0) </td> <td style="background: #C7C7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.7<br />(21.7) </td> <td style="background: #C7C7FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−5.7<br />(21.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #9292FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−15.6<br />(3.9) </td> <td style="background: #7A7AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−20.0<br />(−4.0) </td> <td style="background: #B6B6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−9.0<br />(15.8) </td> <td style="background: #C9C9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.5<br />(22.1) </td> <td style="background: #DADAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.3<br />(27.9) </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0<br />(35.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0<br />(41.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.5<br />(40.1) </td> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3<br />(32.5) </td> <td style="background: #CDCDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.7<br />(23.5) </td> <td style="background: #ADADFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−10.6<br />(12.9) </td> <td style="background: #A5A5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−12.0<br />(10.4) </td> <td style="background: #7A7AFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−20.0<br />(−4.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #CFFFCF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.7<br />(1.25) </td> <td style="background: #D5FFD5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.6<br />(1.01) </td> <td style="background: #D5FFD5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.7<br />(1.09) </td> <td style="background: #C3FFC3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38.7<br />(1.52) </td> <td style="background: #C4FFC4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39.0<br />(1.54) </td> <td style="background: #DDFFDD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.8<br />(0.86) </td> <td style="background: #F2FFF2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.1<br />(0.32) </td> <td style="background: #EDFFED; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.9<br />(0.47) </td> <td style="background: #D1FFD1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.3<br />(1.15) </td> <td style="background: #B2FFB2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51.3<br />(2.02) </td> <td style="background: #C2FFC2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39.4<br />(1.55) </td> <td style="background: #C8FFC8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.7<br />(1.44) </td> <td style="background: #D1FFD1; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">361.2<br />(14.22) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 1 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #B4B4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0 </td> <td style="background: #B7B7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.3 </td> <td style="background: #B9B9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.6 </td> <td style="background: #9999FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.0 </td> <td style="background: #ABABFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.8 </td> <td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.5 </td> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.6 </td> <td style="background: #EAEAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.7 </td> <td style="background: #CACAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.1 </td> <td style="background: #A1A1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.6 </td> <td style="background: #9E9EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.6 </td> <td style="background: #B3B3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.1 </td> <td style="background: #BCBCFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">63.9 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #B7B75A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">122 </td> <td style="background: #D3D300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">168 </td> <td style="background: #DBDB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">215 </td> <td style="background: #E2E200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">238 </td> <td style="background: #EBEB03; color:#000000;" class="notheme">286 </td> <td style="background: #F7F721; color:#000000;" class="notheme">329 </td> <td style="background: #FEFE32; color:#000000;" class="notheme">371 </td> <td style="background: #F8F823; color:#000000;" class="notheme">344 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">268 </td> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">198 </td> <td style="background: #BEBE30; color:#000000;" class="notheme">133 </td> <td style="background: #B4B46A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">116 </td> <td style="background: #E0E000; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,788 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: Météo Climat<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: Infoclimat<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Salamanca Airport 790 m (2,590 ft) 1981-2010 normals, 1945-present </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.7<br />(71.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.0<br />(77.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.1<br />(79.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.0<br />(87.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF3000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.5<br />(94.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF0E00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.4<br />(102.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF0400; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.9<br />(105.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF0200; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.1<br />(106.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.0<br />(102.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF2E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.8<br />(94.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.8<br />(76.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9226; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.2<br />(68.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF0200; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">41.1<br />(106.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFE2C6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.6<br />(47.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFD0A2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.2<br />(52.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB76F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.9<br />(58.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC59; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.5<br />(61.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9021; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.6<br />(69.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.6<br />(79.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.0<br />(86.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.5<br />(85.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.1<br />(77.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B38; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.9<br />(66.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFC58C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.8<br />(55.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4<br />(48.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3B; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">18.7<br />(65.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.0<br />(39.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFF8F1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.5<br />(41.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4CA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3<br />(46.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFD8B1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1<br />(50.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.0<br />(57.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9C39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.8<br />(65.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8914; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.5<br />(70.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8C1A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.1<br />(70.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA44A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.6<br />(63.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFC78F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.6<br />(54.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFE7D0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.9<br />(46.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFFCF9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.9<br />(40.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFC994; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">12.2<br />(54.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E2E2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.7<br />(30.7) </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.2<br />(31.6) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.7<br />(35.1) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.8<br />(38.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3<br />(45.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.0<br />(51.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFC58B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.9<br />(55.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC78F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.6<br />(54.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0<br />(50.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.4<br />(43.5) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.4<br />(36.3) </td> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.4<br />(32.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFF7EF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">5.6<br />(42.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #9292FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−15.6<br />(3.9) </td> <td style="background: #7A7AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−20.0<br />(−4.0) </td> <td style="background: #B6B6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−9.0<br />(15.8) </td> <td style="background: #C9C9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.5<br />(22.1) </td> <td style="background: #DADAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.3<br />(27.9) </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0<br />(35.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0<br />(41.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.5<br />(40.1) </td> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3<br />(32.5) </td> <td style="background: #CDCDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.7<br />(23.5) </td> <td style="background: #ADADFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−10.6<br />(12.9) </td> <td style="background: #A5A5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−12.0<br />(10.4) </td> <td style="background: #7A7AFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−20.0<br />(−4.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30<br />(1.2) </td> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25<br />(1.0) </td> <td style="background: #DFDFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21<br />(0.8) </td> <td style="background: #C4C4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38<br />(1.5) </td> <td style="background: #B8B8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47<br />(1.9) </td> <td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29<br />(1.1) </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11<br />(0.4) </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12<br />(0.5) </td> <td style="background: #CDCDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32<br />(1.3) </td> <td style="background: #BABAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">46<br />(1.8) </td> <td style="background: #C1C1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40<br />(1.6) </td> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42<br />(1.7) </td> <td style="background: #CFCFFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">372<br />(14.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days </th> <td style="background: #B7B7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.8 </td> <td style="background: #B5B5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.4 </td> <td style="background: #C5C5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.7 </td> <td style="background: #A0A0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4 </td> <td style="background: #9D9DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.9 </td> <td style="background: #CECEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.8 </td> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.8 </td> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.9 </td> <td style="background: #C9C9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.2 </td> <td style="background: #A7A7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.1 </td> <td style="background: #A7A7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.9 </td> <td style="background: #A9A9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.9 </td> <td style="background: #BCBCFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">63.8 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days </th> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.6 </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.9 </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.8 </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.8 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5 </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.2 </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">7 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000C4; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">82 </td> <td style="background: #0000E6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">73 </td> <td style="background: #0E0EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63 </td> <td style="background: #1111FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">62 </td> <td style="background: #1D1DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">59 </td> <td style="background: #3838FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">52 </td> <td style="background: #4B4BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">47 </td> <td style="background: #3B3BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">51 </td> <td style="background: #1D1DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">59 </td> <td style="background: #0000EE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71 </td> <td style="background: #0000CF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">79 </td> <td style="background: #0000C0; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">83 </td> <td style="background: #0606FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">65 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #B5B565; color:#000000;" class="notheme">118 </td> <td style="background: #CCCC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">154 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">211 </td> <td style="background: #DEDE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">224 </td> <td style="background: #E6E600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">265 </td> <td style="background: #F4F41A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">317 </td> <td style="background: #FBFB2B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">358 </td> <td style="background: #F5F51B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">330 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">251 </td> <td style="background: #D3D300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">183 </td> <td style="background: #BCBC38; color:#000000;" class="notheme">130 </td> <td style="background: #AFAF8B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">104 </td> <td style="background: #DDDD00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,667 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Agencia_Estatal_de_Meteorolog%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencia Estatal de Meteorología">Agencia Estatal de Meteorología</a><sup id="cite_ref-weather_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-weather-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hydrography">Hydrography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Hydrography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The municipality of Salamanca is crossed by two surface watercourses: the <a href="/wiki/Tormes" title="Tormes">Tormes river</a> and the Zurguén stream, the latter a tributary of the river on its left bank. The valleys of the two watercourses are characterized by alluvial type materials, considered as permeable. The water table is very high, which sometimes gives rise to waterlogged areas.<sup id="cite_ref-PGOU-SA_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PGOU-SA-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Tormes river articulates the entire <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Salamanca" title="Province of Salamanca">provincial</a> territory and has had a decisive influence on the historical development of the city. Its middle course is regulated by the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Teresa_Reservoir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Santa Teresa Reservoir (page does not exist)">Santa Teresa Reservoir</a> which also fulfills the function of supplying drinking water and irrigation. Its regulation was also intended to prevent its numerous floods, such as the historic ones that occurred in 1256 and <a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Policarpo_flood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Policarpo flood (page does not exist)">1626</a>, although it did not succeed, in that they have been reiterated subsequently and significantly. Likewise, the Tormes also serves as a channel for the evacuation of treated wastewater from the capital.<sup id="cite_ref-PGOU-SA_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PGOU-SA-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Heritage">Heritage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Heritage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The large old city of Salamanca was declared a <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Spain" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Spain">World Heritage Site by Unesco</a> in 1988. Places of interest in the city, many of them within the "Barrio Viejo" Old Quarter of the city. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Squares_and_public_spaces">Squares and public spaces</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Squares and public spaces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:68436-Salamanca_(49093713952)_edited.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/68436-Salamanca_%2849093713952%29_edited.jpg/260px-68436-Salamanca_%2849093713952%29_edited.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/68436-Salamanca_%2849093713952%29_edited.jpg/390px-68436-Salamanca_%2849093713952%29_edited.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/68436-Salamanca_%2849093713952%29_edited.jpg/520px-68436-Salamanca_%2849093713952%29_edited.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>Main facade (Town hall) of the <a href="/wiki/Baroque" title="Baroque">Baroque</a> <a href="/wiki/Plaza_Mayor,_Salamanca" title="Plaza Mayor, Salamanca">Plaza Mayor de Salamanca</a>, square built between 1729 and 1756.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Plaza_Mayor,_Salamanca" title="Plaza Mayor, Salamanca">Plaza Mayor de Salamanca</a>: <a href="/wiki/Baroque" title="Baroque">Baroque</a> style, designed by the architects <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alberto_de_Churriguera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alberto de Churriguera (page does not exist)">Alberto</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicol%C3%A1s_Churriguera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolás Churriguera (page does not exist)">Nicolás Churriguera</a>, it is the most important public space and heart of the city. The main building of the square is the <a href="/w/index.php?title=City_hall_of_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="City hall of Salamanca (page does not exist)">City hall of Salamanca</a>.</li> <li>Campo de San Francisco: First public garden of the city on land of the former <a href="/w/index.php?title=Convent_of_los_Capuchinos,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Convent of los Capuchinos, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Convent of San Francisco el Real</a>.</li> <li>Huerto de Calixto y Melibea: garden near the cathedrals, where, according to some, the plot of the novel <i><a href="/wiki/La_Celestina" title="La Celestina">La Celestina</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Fernando_de_Rojas" title="Fernando de Rojas">Fernando de Rojas</a> is situated. Next to it are remains of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman</a> walls.</li> <li>Plaza del Corrillo: small square attached to the Plaza Mayor. To the left is the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_San_Mart%C3%ADn_de_Tours,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Church of San Martín de Tours, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Romanesque church of San Martín</a> and to the right a series of houses with arcades formed by stone columns ending in footings representing the days of the week (a moon for Monday, a Mars for Tuesday, etcetera).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religious_buildings">Religious buildings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Religious buildings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cathedrals">Cathedrals</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Cathedrals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Salamanca_-_Clerecia_13.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Salamanca_-_Clerecia_13.jpg/220px-Salamanca_-_Clerecia_13.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="305" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Salamanca_-_Clerecia_13.jpg/330px-Salamanca_-_Clerecia_13.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Salamanca_-_Clerecia_13.jpg/440px-Salamanca_-_Clerecia_13.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1113" data-file-height="1542" /></a><figcaption>Facade of <a href="/wiki/La_Clerec%C3%ADa,_Salamanca" title="La Clerecía, Salamanca">La Clerecía church</a>, built between 1617 and 1754.</figcaption></figure> <p>Salamanca has two cathedrals, the <a href="/wiki/Old_Cathedral_of_Salamanca" title="Old Cathedral of Salamanca">Old cathedral</a>, from the 12th century and of <a href="/wiki/Romanesque_architecture" title="Romanesque architecture">Romanesque</a> style, and the <a href="/wiki/New_Cathedral_of_Salamanca" title="New Cathedral of Salamanca">New cathedral</a>, much larger, begun in the 16th century in <a href="/wiki/Gothic_architecture" title="Gothic architecture">Gothic architecture</a> style and completed in the 18th century. The place where the two meet is known as Patio Chico and is one of the most charming corners of the city. </p><p>The main tower of the new cathedral was built over the bell tower of the old cathedral. In it is still visible a crack originated by the <a href="/wiki/1755_Lisbon_earthquake" title="1755 Lisbon earthquake">Lisbon earthquake of 1755</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="La_Clerecía"><span id="La_Clerec.C3.ADa"></span>La Clerecía</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: La Clerecía"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/La_Clerec%C3%ADa,_Salamanca" title="La Clerecía, Salamanca">La Clerecía</a> is currently the seat of the <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_University_of_Salamanca" title="Pontifical University of Salamanca">Pontifical University of Salamanca</a>. Its construction began in 1617 and was completed a century and a half later as Espíritu Santo Royal College, of the <a href="/wiki/Jesuits" title="Jesuits">Jesuits</a>. It is of <a href="/wiki/Baroque" title="Baroque">Baroque</a> style. It differs the college, with an interesting cloister, and the church, with an impressive facade of three bodies, two twin towers of 50 meters high and a huge dome. The name La Clerecía is due to the fact that it belonged to the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Real_Clerec%C3%ADa_de_San_Marcos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Real Clerecía de San Marcos (page does not exist)">Real Clerecía de San Marcos</a> after the <a href="/wiki/Pragmatic_Sanction_of_1767" class="mw-redirect" title="Pragmatic Sanction of 1767">expulsion of the Jesuits</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Convento_de_San_Esteban">Convento de San Esteban</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Convento de San Esteban"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Convento_de_San_Esteban,_Salamanca" title="Convento de San Esteban, Salamanca">Convento de San Esteban</a> is a Dominican convent of the 16th century. The <a href="/wiki/Plateresque" title="Plateresque">Plateresque</a> facade, with its triumphal arch shape, is an authentic jewel of the <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a> of Salamanca. Impressive baroque altarpiece by <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Benito_de_Churriguera" title="José Benito de Churriguera">José Benito de Churriguera</a>. Also noteworthy is the Renaissance Cloister of los Reyes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Convento_de_las_Dueñas"><span id="Convento_de_las_Due.C3.B1as"></span>Convento de las Dueñas</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Convento de las Dueñas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Salamanca_es_una_ciudad_monumental.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Salamanca_es_una_ciudad_monumental.JPG/220px-Salamanca_es_una_ciudad_monumental.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Salamanca_es_una_ciudad_monumental.JPG/330px-Salamanca_es_una_ciudad_monumental.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Salamanca_es_una_ciudad_monumental.JPG/440px-Salamanca_es_una_ciudad_monumental.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1290" /></a><figcaption>Cloister of the <a href="/wiki/Convento_de_las_Due%C3%B1as" title="Convento de las Dueñas">Convento de las Dueñas</a>, convent built between 1419 and 1533.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Convento_de_las_Due%C3%B1as" title="Convento de las Dueñas">Convento de las Dueñas</a> was built in 1533 and the interest of the whole building is mainly focused on the magnificent cloister, which had to adapt its plan to the layout of the primitive dependencies, so it developed a unique irregular pentagonal plan. It consists of two floors. The lower one has segmental arches on columns and medallions with heads in the spandrels, and the upper one is linteled with columns and footings. The capitals, of which the sculptor is unknown, are of inexhaustible fantasy and variety, and monsters and grotesques were carved in the spandrels. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Others">Others</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Others"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_la_Vera_Cruz,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Church of la Vera Cruz, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Chapel of la Vera Cruz</a>: Baroque temple with Renaissance façade, seat of the five times centennial <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cofrad%C3%ADa_de_la_Vera_Cruz,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cofradía de la Vera Cruz, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Cofradía de la Vera Cruz de Salamanca</a>. It houses countless works of art.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colegio_de_Calatrava,_Salamanca" title="Colegio de Calatrava, Salamanca">Colegio de Calatrava</a>: built in the 18th century, on the initiative of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Calatrava" title="Order of Calatrava">Order of Calatrava</a>, it currently houses the Casa de la Iglesia (House of the Church).</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WLM14ES_-_04082013_101627_SALAMANCA_0640_-_.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/WLM14ES_-_04082013_101627_SALAMANCA_0640_-_.jpg/220px-WLM14ES_-_04082013_101627_SALAMANCA_0640_-_.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/WLM14ES_-_04082013_101627_SALAMANCA_0640_-_.jpg/330px-WLM14ES_-_04082013_101627_SALAMANCA_0640_-_.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/WLM14ES_-_04082013_101627_SALAMANCA_0640_-_.jpg/440px-WLM14ES_-_04082013_101627_SALAMANCA_0640_-_.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Portal of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Convento_de_los_Capuchinos,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Convento de los Capuchinos, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Convento de los Capuchinos</a>.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Convento_de_las_Agustinas_e_Iglesia_de_la_Pur%C3%ADsima,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Convento de las Agustinas e Iglesia de la Purísima, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Convento de las Agustinas e Iglesia de la Purísima</a>: in the church there is a picture of the Immaculate Conception painted by <a href="/wiki/Jusepe_de_Ribera" title="Jusepe de Ribera">José de Ribera</a>. It is the only construction of totally Italian space and decoration in Spain.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Convento_de_las_Isabeles,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Convento de las Isabeles, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Convento de las Isabeles</a>: the interior has a single nave and a main chapel containing several tombs of the Solís family, Gothic decoration and several altarpieces, the most outstanding being the altarpiece of Saint Isabel of Hungary attributed to Nicolás Florentino. Also noteworthy is the <a href="/wiki/Artesonado" title="Artesonado">artesonado</a> of the lower choir, Mudéjar style, which is considered the oldest in the city. The vault of the church is of neo-Gothic style of 1911, designed by Santiago Madrigal to replace the coffered ceiling in poor condition.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Remains_of_the_Convento_de_San_Antonio_el_Real,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Remains of the Convento de San Antonio el Real, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Convento de San Antonio el Real</a> (1736): of <a href="/wiki/Baroque" title="Baroque">Baroque</a> style, its remains are divided between the Teatro Liceo and a store where they can be visited.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Convento_de_la_Anunciaci%C3%B3n,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Convento de la Anunciación, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Convento de la Anunciación</a> (also called of las Úrsulas): founded by <a href="/wiki/Alonso_de_Fonseca_y_Acevedo" title="Alonso de Fonseca y Acevedo">Archbishop Fonseca</a> in 1512. The exterior apse of <a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="Gothic Revival architecture">Gothic</a> style stands out. Inside, the <a href="/wiki/Baroque" title="Baroque">Baroque</a> altarpiece and the tomb of the founder, Renaissance, the work of <a href="/wiki/Diego_Siloe" title="Diego Siloe">Diego de Siloé</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Convento_de_la_Trinidad,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Convento de la Trinidad, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Convento de la Trinidad</a>: Former Palacio de Montellano adapted in the 16th century to house a Trinitarian convent.</li> <li>Monasterio de Nuestra Señora de la Victoria, of the <a href="/wiki/Hieronymites" title="Hieronymites">Hieronymites</a>, completed in 1513, half-destroyed by the French in the early 19th century, in the <a href="/wiki/Peninsular_War" title="Peninsular War">Peninsular War</a>, it is currently integrated within the manufacturing facilities, of the 19th century, of the <a href="/wiki/Mirat" title="Mirat">Grupo Mirat</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ermita_de_Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_la_Misericordia,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ermita de Nuestra Señora de la Misericordia, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Ermita de Nuestra Señora de la Misericordia</a> (16th-17th centuries): small baroque temple that began to be built in 1389 in the Plaza de San Cristóbal. Nowadays very deteriorated, it is a printing press, while its <a href="/wiki/Bell-gable" title="Bell-gable">bell-gable</a> decorates the church of the barrio de Pizarrales.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Former_church_of_las_Bernardas,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Former church of las Bernardas, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Former church of las Bernardas</a>: work of <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Gil_de_Honta%C3%B1%C3%B3n" title="Rodrigo Gil de Hontañón">Rodrigo Gil de Hontañón</a>. Prototype of the Salamanca churches of the 16th century. The shell-shaped chevet stands out. Today it is inside the School of San <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Calasanz" title="Joseph Calasanz">José de Calasanz</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_del_Carmen_de_Abajo,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Church del Carmen de Abajo, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Church del Carmen de Abajo</a>: Chapel of the <a href="/wiki/Lay_Carmelites" title="Lay Carmelites">Lay Carmelites</a> integrated into the Convento de San Andrés. It is the only remaining part of the aforementioned convent that disappeared in the 19th century.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_San_Benito,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Church of San Benito, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Church of San Benito</a>: Gothic church built under the patronage of <a href="/wiki/Alonso_de_Fonseca_y_Acevedo" title="Alonso de Fonseca y Acevedo">Alonso II de Fonseca</a>, pantheon of the Maldonado family.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_San_Juli%C3%A1n_y_Santa_Basilisa,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Church of San Julián y Santa Basilisa, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Church of San Julián</a>: Romanesque church later reformed.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_San_Marcos,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Church of San Marcos, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Church of San Marcos</a>: <a href="/wiki/Romanesque_architecture" title="Romanesque architecture">Romanesque</a> church near the route along which the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Walls_of_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walls of Salamanca (page does not exist)">north wall of the city</a> used to run. Externally it has a circular plan with three naves and apses in the interior.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_San_Mart%C3%ADn_de_Tours,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Church of San Martín de Tours, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Church of San Martín</a>: <a href="/wiki/Romanesque_architecture" title="Romanesque architecture">Romanesque</a> church with Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque reforms, annexed to the Plaza Mayor.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_San_Pablo,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Church of San Pablo, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Church of San Pablo</a>: Baroque temple belonging to the old convent of the Trinitarians, it houses the image of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Congregaci%C3%B3n_de_N.P._Jes%C3%BAs_Rescatado_(Salamanca)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Congregación de N.P. Jesús Rescatado (Salamanca) (page does not exist)">Jesus Rescued</a>, very venerated in the city. It is a parish seat, governed by the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diocesan_Priest_Operators&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diocesan Priest Operators (page does not exist)">Diocesan Priest Operators</a>.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:La_Clerec%C3%ADa,_la_R%C3%BAa_Mayor_y_la_Plaza_de_Anaya_desde_la_Catedral_Nueva_(Salamanca)_edited.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/La_Clerec%C3%ADa%2C_la_R%C3%BAa_Mayor_y_la_Plaza_de_Anaya_desde_la_Catedral_Nueva_%28Salamanca%29_edited.jpg/220px-La_Clerec%C3%ADa%2C_la_R%C3%BAa_Mayor_y_la_Plaza_de_Anaya_desde_la_Catedral_Nueva_%28Salamanca%29_edited.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/La_Clerec%C3%ADa%2C_la_R%C3%BAa_Mayor_y_la_Plaza_de_Anaya_desde_la_Catedral_Nueva_%28Salamanca%29_edited.jpg/330px-La_Clerec%C3%ADa%2C_la_R%C3%BAa_Mayor_y_la_Plaza_de_Anaya_desde_la_Catedral_Nueva_%28Salamanca%29_edited.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/La_Clerec%C3%ADa%2C_la_R%C3%BAa_Mayor_y_la_Plaza_de_Anaya_desde_la_Catedral_Nueva_%28Salamanca%29_edited.jpg/440px-La_Clerec%C3%ADa%2C_la_R%C3%BAa_Mayor_y_la_Plaza_de_Anaya_desde_la_Catedral_Nueva_%28Salamanca%29_edited.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3480" data-file-height="2998" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_San_Sebasti%C3%A1n,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Church of San Sebastián, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Church of San Sebastián</a>, la Rúa Mayor and the Plaza de Anaya.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_de_los_Caballeros,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Church of Santa María de los Caballeros, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Church of Santa María de los Caballeros</a>: Renaissance church with baroque window camarín window to calle Bordadores.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_Santiago_del_Arrabal,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Church of Santiago del Arrabal, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Church of Santiago del Arrabal</a>: remains of the church (modern reconstruction) in Romanesque-Mudéjar style.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_Santo_Tom%C3%A1s_Cantuariense,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Church of Santo Tomás Cantuariense, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Church of Santo Tomás Cantuariense</a>: <a href="/wiki/Romanesque_architecture" title="Romanesque architecture">Romanesque</a> church founded in honor of <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Becket" title="Thomas Becket">Saint Thomas Becket</a>, archbishop of Canterbury in 1175, just five years after his death and two after his canonization. It consists of three apses and a nave with a wooden roof. It forms a parish next to San Pablo's, governed by the Diocesan Priest Operators.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Convento_del_Rollo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Convento del Rollo (page does not exist)">Convento del Rollo</a>: modern work of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonio_Fern%C3%A1ndez_Alba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antonio Fernández Alba (page does not exist)">Antonio Fernández Alba</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_Architecture_Award_of_Spain" title="National Architecture Award of Spain">National Prize of Architecture</a> in 1963.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="University_buildings">University buildings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: University buildings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>University: set of buildings that made up the old <a href="/wiki/University_of_Salamanca" title="University of Salamanca">University of Salamanca</a>, including the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Escuelas_Mayores&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Escuelas Mayores (page does not exist)">Escuelas Mayores</a>, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Escuelas_Menores,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Escuelas Menores, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Escuelas Menores</a> and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hospital_del_Estudio,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hospital del Estudio, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Hospital del Estudio</a> (current rectorate), located around the square called <a href="/w/index.php?title=Patio_de_Escuelas,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patio de Escuelas, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Patio de Escuelas</a>. In this same square is the house of Doctor Álvarez Abarca or of the Doctors of the Queen (15th century), whose facade is Gothic with Renaissance details and which today is the Museum of Salamanca.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Casa-Museo_de_Unamuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Casa-Museo de Unamuno (page does not exist)">Casa-Museo de Unamuno</a> (18th century): former house of the rectors of the University. It is preserved as it was when <a href="/wiki/Miguel_de_Unamuno" title="Miguel de Unamuno">Miguel de Unamuno</a> held this position.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Colegio_del_Arzobispo_Fonseca.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Colegio_del_Arzobispo_Fonseca.jpg/220px-Colegio_del_Arzobispo_Fonseca.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Colegio_del_Arzobispo_Fonseca.jpg/330px-Colegio_del_Arzobispo_Fonseca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Colegio_del_Arzobispo_Fonseca.jpg/440px-Colegio_del_Arzobispo_Fonseca.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2376" data-file-height="3168" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Colegio_Mayor_de_Santiago_el_Zebedeo" title="Colegio Mayor de Santiago el Zebedeo">Colegio Mayor de Santiago el Zebedeo</a>, built between 1519 and 1578.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colegio_Mayor_de_Santiago_el_Zebedeo" title="Colegio Mayor de Santiago el Zebedeo">Colegio Mayor de Santiago el Zebedeo</a>, also called "del Arzobispo Fonseca" or "de los Irlandeses" (16th century).</li> <li>Colegio de San Ambrosio (1719): nowadays it is <a href="/wiki/General_Archive_of_the_Spanish_Civil_War" title="General Archive of the Spanish Civil War">General Archive of the Spanish Civil War</a>. It houses documents and objects seized by <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Franco" title="Francisco Franco">Franco</a>'s troops and his allies during and at the end of the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a>. Although throughout the post-war period its basic objective was to preserve information related to organizations and individuals potentially opposed to the Franco regime and, consequently, to use this information for repressive purposes, since the return of democracy this building would become one of the most important archives that existed in Spain to investigate the historical period of the Second Republic. Many of the documents and objects that still remain in the archive are related to <a href="/wiki/Freemasonry" title="Freemasonry">Freemasonry</a>, including various pieces of furniture with which a <a href="/wiki/Masonic_lodge" title="Masonic lodge">Masonic lodge</a> has been reconstructed.</li> <li>Colegio Trilingüe: founded in 1554 for the teaching of Latin, Greek and Hebrew. Designed by <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Gil_de_Honta%C3%B1%C3%B3n" title="Rodrigo Gil de Hontañón">Rodrigo Gil de Hontañón</a>, part of the original courtyard is preserved, remade from 1829, in the Faculty of Physics.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palacio_de_Anaya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palacio de Anaya (page does not exist)">Palacio de Anaya</a> which was the last seat of the <a href="/wiki/Colegio_Mayor_de_San_Bartolom%C3%A9,_Salamanca" title="Colegio Mayor de San Bartolomé, Salamanca">Colegio Mayor de San Bartolomé</a> or Colegio de Anaya, founded in the 15th century by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diego_de_Anaya_Maldonado&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diego de Anaya Maldonado (page does not exist)">Diego de Anaya</a>, disappeared at the beginning of the 19th century. It is currently the Faculty of Philology. Next to the building is the church of San Sebastián, former chapel of the college, and la Hospedería, work of Joaquín de Churriguera.</li> <li>Colegio Santa Cruz de Cañizares (16th century): Professional Conservatory of Music. Of it only remains of the old chapel, today incorporated into the auditorium of the conservatory, and the main facade, in <a href="/wiki/Plateresque" title="Plateresque">Plateresque</a> style, are preserved.</li> <li>Colegio de San Pelayo: founded in the middle of the 16th century. Since 1990 and after a restoration, it houses the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Faculty_of_Geography_and_History_(University_of_Salamanca)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Faculty of Geography and History (University of Salamanca) (page does not exist)">Faculty of Geography and History</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Palaces_and_palatial_houses">Palaces and palatial houses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Palaces and palatial houses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Casa_de_las_Conchas,_Salamanca,_1493_-_1517_(3)_(29381270566).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Casa_de_las_Conchas%2C_Salamanca%2C_1493_-_1517_%283%29_%2829381270566%29.jpg/220px-Casa_de_las_Conchas%2C_Salamanca%2C_1493_-_1517_%283%29_%2829381270566%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Casa_de_las_Conchas%2C_Salamanca%2C_1493_-_1517_%283%29_%2829381270566%29.jpg/330px-Casa_de_las_Conchas%2C_Salamanca%2C_1493_-_1517_%283%29_%2829381270566%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Casa_de_las_Conchas%2C_Salamanca%2C_1493_-_1517_%283%29_%2829381270566%29.jpg/440px-Casa_de_las_Conchas%2C_Salamanca%2C_1493_-_1517_%283%29_%2829381270566%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Facade of the Gothic <a href="/wiki/Casa_de_las_Conchas" title="Casa de las Conchas">Casa de las Conchas</a> (House of Shells) (1493-1517).</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casa_de_las_Conchas" title="Casa de las Conchas">Casa de las Conchas</a> (House of Shells): it was built at the end of the 15th century. Of civilian <a href="/wiki/Gothic_architecture" title="Gothic architecture">Gothic</a> style, its façade is decorated with around 350 scallop shells, distinctive of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Santiago" title="Order of Santiago">Order of Santiago</a>. Also important are the Gothic grilles on the windows. It currently houses a public library.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Casa_de_Don_Diego_Maldonado&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Casa de Don Diego Maldonado (page does not exist)">Casa de Don Diego Maldonado</a>: Plateresque palace from the 16th century. It houses the Hispanic-Brazilian Cultural Foundation and the Center for Brazilian Studies of the University of Salamanca.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Casa_de_do%C3%B1a_Mar%C3%ADa_la_Brava&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Casa de doña María la Brava (page does not exist)">Casa de doña María la Brava</a>: Gothic building of the 15th century, prototype of the noble mansions of the time. Its owner, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mar%C3%ADa_Rodr%C3%ADguez_de_Monroy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="María Rodríguez de Monroy (page does not exist)">María Rodríguez de Monroy</a>, was the head of one of the two <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Bands" title="War of the Bands">bandos</a> into which the city was divided in the 15th century. She cut off the heads of the murderers of her sons. It is located in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plaza_de_los_Bandos,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plaza de los Bandos, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Plaza de los Bandos</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casa_Lis" title="Casa Lis">Casa Lis</a>: small <a href="/wiki/Art_Nouveau" title="Art Nouveau">Art Nouveau</a> palace of 1905 with iron facade. Built on the wall. It houses the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Museo_de_Art_Nouveau_y_Art_D%C3%A9co,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Museo de Art Nouveau y Art Déco, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Art Nouveau and Art Deco collections</a> donated by Manuel Ramos Andrade.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Casa_de_las_Muertes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Casa de las Muertes (page does not exist)">Casa de las Muertes</a> (early 16th century): built by <a href="/wiki/Juan_de_%C3%81lava" title="Juan de Álava">Juan de Álava</a>, and so called because of the skulls that decorate the facade. On one occasion when the building was renovated, the skulls were rounded and turned into balls, but it remained so gloomy denomination and this was enough reason for the popular imagination to invent a legend that ran for many years. According to it, the name came from the fact that a woman was found dead in the house and no one could explain how the misfortune had happened. The curse weighed on the house and everyone who lived in it would die. This resulted in it remaining empty for a long time and people mysteriously lowered their voices as they passed by. Nowadays the spheres have been re-sculpted as skulls (much smaller than the original ones).</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Patio_Palacio_Salinas_(Salamanca)_retouched.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Patio_Palacio_Salinas_%28Salamanca%29_retouched.jpg/220px-Patio_Palacio_Salinas_%28Salamanca%29_retouched.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Patio_Palacio_Salinas_%28Salamanca%29_retouched.jpg/330px-Patio_Palacio_Salinas_%28Salamanca%29_retouched.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Patio_Palacio_Salinas_%28Salamanca%29_retouched.jpg/440px-Patio_Palacio_Salinas_%28Salamanca%29_retouched.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2590" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palacio_de_la_Salina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palacio de la Salina (page does not exist)">Palacio de la Salina</a> (1538-1546), seat of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diputaci%C3%B3n_Provincial_de_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diputación Provincial de Salamanca (page does not exist)">Diputación Provincial de Salamanca</a>.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Casa_del_Regidor_Ovalle_Prieto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Casa del Regidor Ovalle Prieto (page does not exist)">Casa del Regidor Ovalle</a> (13th century): <a href="/wiki/Miguel_de_Unamuno" title="Miguel de Unamuno">Miguel de Unamuno</a> died there.</li> <li>Casa de <a href="/wiki/Teresa_of_%C3%81vila" title="Teresa of Ávila">Saint Teresa of Ávila</a> (16th century): here the saint stayed when she visited Salamanca in 1570 to found a convent and here she wrote the poem <i>I live without living in me</i>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Casa_de_los_Sexmeros_de_la_Tierra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Casa de los Sexmeros de la Tierra (page does not exist)">Casa de los Sexmeros de la Tierra</a> (15th century): doorway with semicircular arch, Gothic tracery window. Headquarters of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Salamanca.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Casa de las Viejas (17th century): former asylum for widows without resources, currently home to the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n_Film_Archive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castile and León Film Archive (page does not exist)">Castile and León Regional Film Archive</a>. Permanent exhibition of apparatus related to cinema and its history, owned by the Salamancan filmmaker <a href="/wiki/Basilio_Mart%C3%ADn_Patino" title="Basilio Martín Patino">Basilio Martín Patino</a>.</li> <li>Fonda Veracruz: this building served as an inn until the middle of the 20th century, and has a courtyard with wooden galleries with two staircases. It was a hotel management's school until 2019.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palacio_de_San_Boal,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palacio de San Boal, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Palacio de San Boal</a> (15th century): <a href="/wiki/Sgraffito" title="Sgraffito">sgraffito</a> façade very similar to that of Arias Corvelle. It houses the Escuela de Nobles y Bellas Artes de San Eloy.</li> <li>Palacio de Castellanos (15th-16th centuries): the palace of the Marquises of Castellanos was begun at the end of the 15th century, although its facade dates from the end of the 19th century, so it combines Gothic and Neoclassical styles. With a powerful interior Gothic courtyard, this building currently functions as a hotel.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palacio_de_Monterrey_de_la_Duquesa_de_Alba.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Palacio_de_Monterrey_de_la_Duquesa_de_Alba.JPG/220px-Palacio_de_Monterrey_de_la_Duquesa_de_Alba.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Palacio_de_Monterrey_de_la_Duquesa_de_Alba.JPG/330px-Palacio_de_Monterrey_de_la_Duquesa_de_Alba.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Palacio_de_Monterrey_de_la_Duquesa_de_Alba.JPG/440px-Palacio_de_Monterrey_de_la_Duquesa_de_Alba.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Plateresque" title="Plateresque">Plateresque</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Palacio_de_Monterrey,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palacio de Monterrey, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Palacio de Monterrey</a>, built between 1539 and 1559.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Palacio de Garci Grande (16th century): Renaissance façade and chamfered windows on the corner, unique in the city. Headquarters of the Regional Savings Bank (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caja_Duero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caja Duero (page does not exist)">Caja Duero</a>).</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palacio_de_Monterrey,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palacio de Monterrey, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Palacio de Monterrey</a>: it was built in the 16th century and is in the <a href="/wiki/Plateresque" title="Plateresque">Plateresque</a> style. It belongs to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Alba" title="House of Alba">house of Alba</a> and its towers and chimneys stand out. Only one of the four blocks that would compose the initially conceived complex was built.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palacio_de_Orellana,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palacio de Orellana, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Palacio de Orellana</a> (16th century): building of <a href="/wiki/Classicism" title="Classicism">classicist</a> architecture with <a href="/wiki/Mannerism" title="Mannerism">mannerist</a> influences. The <i>L</i> shaped courtyard and the staircase stand out.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palacio_de_Figueroa_(Casino_Building)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palacio de Figueroa (Casino Building) (page does not exist)">Palacio de Rodríguez de Figueroa</a> (1545): it has interesting facades on calles Concejo and Zamora and an interior courtyard. Today is the Casino of Salamanca.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palacio_de_la_Salina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palacio de la Salina (page does not exist)">Palacio de la Salina</a> (1546): Renaissance, work of <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Gil_de_Honta%C3%B1%C3%B3n" title="Rodrigo Gil de Hontañón">Rodrigo Gil de Hontañón</a>. Since 1884 it has been the seat of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diputaci%C3%B3n_Provincial_de_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diputación Provincial de Salamanca (page does not exist)">Diputación Provincial</a>.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Torre_del_Clavero_(s._XV),_Salamanca_(37114166554).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Torre_del_Clavero_%28s._XV%29%2C_Salamanca_%2837114166554%29.jpg/220px-Torre_del_Clavero_%28s._XV%29%2C_Salamanca_%2837114166554%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Torre_del_Clavero_%28s._XV%29%2C_Salamanca_%2837114166554%29.jpg/330px-Torre_del_Clavero_%28s._XV%29%2C_Salamanca_%2837114166554%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Torre_del_Clavero_%28s._XV%29%2C_Salamanca_%2837114166554%29.jpg/440px-Torre_del_Clavero_%28s._XV%29%2C_Salamanca_%2837114166554%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3731" data-file-height="5420" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torre_del_Clavero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torre del Clavero (page does not exist)">Torre del Clavero</a> (15th century)</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palacio_de_Arias_Corvelle,_(Salamanca)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palacio de Arias Corvelle, (Salamanca) (page does not exist)">Palacio de Arias Corvelle</a> (15th century): facade decorated with <a href="/wiki/Sgraffito" title="Sgraffito">sgraffitos</a>. It was a trade school and later a business school. Since 1999 it houses the Hispanic-Japanese Cultural Center of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Salamanca" title="University of Salamanca">University of Salamanca</a>. In the same square is the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_San_Boal,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Church of San Boal, Salamanca (page does not exist)">church of San Boal</a> (17th century).</li> <li>Palacio de Solís (15th century): in this palace was celebrated the wedding between <a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain" title="Philip II of Spain">Philip II of Spain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maria_Manuela,_Princess_of_Portugal" title="Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal">Maria Manuela of Portugal</a> in 1543. On the site, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_de_la_Vega_Samper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José María de la Vega Samper (page does not exist)">José María de la Vega Samper</a> designed a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoplateresque&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neoplateresque (page does not exist)">Neoplateresque</a> building as the <a href="/wiki/Telef%C3%B3nica" title="Telefónica">Telefónica</a> headquarters, which was inaugurated in 1930 and in which he included the remains of the front and the balcony of the palace that were the only things that were preserved.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torre_del_Aire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torre del Aire (page does not exist)">Torre del Aire</a>: it is all that remains of the palace of the Dukes of <a href="/wiki/Fermoselle" title="Fermoselle">Fermoselle</a>, built in the 15th century. It has beautiful Gothic windows. It is currently a student residence.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torre_del_Clavero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torre del Clavero (page does not exist)">Torre del Clavero</a> (15th century): remains of a palace, built by Francisco de Sotomayor, Clavero Mayor of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Alc%C3%A1ntara" title="Order of Alcántara">Order of Alcántara</a>, around 1470. The lower body is quadrangular, while the upper one is octagonal adorned with eight cylindrical turrets.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torre_de_los_Anaya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torre de los Anaya (page does not exist)">Torre de los Anaya</a> (15th century): an old manor house in civilian <a href="/wiki/Gothic_architecture" title="Gothic architecture">Gothic</a> style with a mullioned window and a three-sided courtyard. For years it was the seat of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Institute_of_Ibero-American_and_Portuguese_Studies,_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Institute of Ibero-American and Portuguese Studies, Salamanca (page does not exist)">Institute of Ibero-American and Portuguese Studies</a> of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Salamanca" title="University of Salamanca">University of Salamanca</a>, also known as Palacio de Abrantes.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="University">University</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: University"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2008-07-08_Detalle_del_edificio_de_la_Universidad_Salamanca.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/2008-07-08_Detalle_del_edificio_de_la_Universidad_Salamanca.jpg/220px-2008-07-08_Detalle_del_edificio_de_la_Universidad_Salamanca.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/2008-07-08_Detalle_del_edificio_de_la_Universidad_Salamanca.jpg/330px-2008-07-08_Detalle_del_edificio_de_la_Universidad_Salamanca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/2008-07-08_Detalle_del_edificio_de_la_Universidad_Salamanca.jpg/440px-2008-07-08_Detalle_del_edificio_de_la_Universidad_Salamanca.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Detail of facade of the university (the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Monarchs" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Monarchs">Catholic Monarchs</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Salamanca" title="University of Salamanca">University of Salamanca</a> was founded in 1134 and in 1218 it was given the royal charter of foundation ("Estudio General") by <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_IX_of_Le%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso IX of León">Alfonso IX of León</a>. It was the first university to receive the title of "University" in 1254. Under the patronage of the learned <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_X_of_Castile" title="Alfonso X of Castile">Alfonso X</a>, its wealth and reputation greatly increased (1252–1282), and its schools of <a href="/wiki/Canon_law" title="Canon law">canon law</a> and <a href="/wiki/Civil_law_(legal_system)" title="Civil law (legal system)">civil law</a> attracted students even from the Universities of Paris and Bologna.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (November 2010)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> In the 16th century, the city's fortunes depended on those of the university. About the time <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Columbus" title="Christopher Columbus">Christopher Columbus</a> was lecturing there on his discoveries, <a href="/wiki/Hern%C3%A1n_Cort%C3%A9s" title="Hernán Cortés">Hernán Cortés</a> took classes at Salamanca, but returned home in 1501 at the age of 17, without completing his course of study. (About ten years later the <i><a href="/wiki/Conquistador" title="Conquistador">conquistador</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Francisco_V%C3%A1squez_de_Coronado" class="mw-redirect" title="Francisco Vásquez de Coronado">Francisco Vásquez de Coronado</a> was born in Salamanca.) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WLM14ES_-_03082013_234425_SALAMANCA_0609_-_.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/WLM14ES_-_03082013_234425_SALAMANCA_0609_-_.jpg/220px-WLM14ES_-_03082013_234425_SALAMANCA_0609_-_.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/WLM14ES_-_03082013_234425_SALAMANCA_0609_-_.jpg/330px-WLM14ES_-_03082013_234425_SALAMANCA_0609_-_.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/WLM14ES_-_03082013_234425_SALAMANCA_0609_-_.jpg/440px-WLM14ES_-_03082013_234425_SALAMANCA_0609_-_.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Plaza_Mayor,_Salamanca" title="Plaza Mayor, Salamanca">Plaza Mayor</a> at night</figcaption></figure> <p>The city's economy is dominated by the university and tourism, but other sectors including agriculture and livestock rearing along with construction and manufacturing are also significant. In December 2007, 83% of the working population, equivalent to 55,838, were employed in <a href="/wiki/Tertiary_sector" class="mw-redirect" title="Tertiary sector">the service sector</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CE_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CE-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industry">Industry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Industry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Industrial activity accounted for 5% of the working population, or 3,340 workers employed over 360 businesses.<sup id="cite_ref-CE_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CE-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two of the largest businesses, both of them numbered among the largest 100 enterprises in the region, are the veterinary <a href="/wiki/Vaccine" title="Vaccine">vaccine</a> manufacturer "Laboratorios Intervet", and the fertilizer specialist manufacturers <a href="/wiki/Mirat" title="Mirat">S.A. Mirat</a>, which is the city's oldest industrial company, having been established originally as a starch factory in 1812.<sup id="cite_ref-MIR_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MIR-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Road">Road</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Road"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Highways</i> </p> <ul><li>A50: Autovía de la Cultura: <a href="/wiki/%C3%81vila,_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ávila, Spain">Ávila</a> - Salamanca</li> <li>A62: Autovía de Castilla: <a href="/wiki/Burgos" title="Burgos">Burgos</a> - <a href="/wiki/Valladolid" title="Valladolid">Valladolid</a> - Salamanca - <a href="/wiki/Ciudad_Rodrigo" title="Ciudad Rodrigo">Ciudad Rodrigo</a>.</li> <li>A66: Autovía Ruta de la Plata: <a href="/wiki/Gij%C3%B3n" title="Gijón">Gijón</a> - <a href="/wiki/Oviedo" title="Oviedo">Oviedo</a> - <a href="/wiki/Mieres" title="Mieres">Mieres</a> - <a href="/wiki/Puerto_de_Pajares" title="Puerto de Pajares">Puerto de Pajares</a> - <a href="/wiki/Leon,_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Leon, Spain">León</a> - <a href="/wiki/Benavente,_Zamora" title="Benavente, Zamora">Benavente</a> - <a href="/wiki/Zamora,_Spain" title="Zamora, Spain">Zamora</a> - Salamanca - <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9jar" title="Béjar">Béjar</a> - <a href="/wiki/Plasencia" title="Plasencia">Plasencia</a> - <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9rida,_Spain" title="Mérida, Spain">Mérida</a> - <a href="/wiki/Sevilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Sevilla">Sevilla</a>.</li> <li>SA-11: North access to Salamanca.</li> <li>SA-20: South access to Salamanca.</li></ul> <p><i>Other roads</i> </p> <ul><li>N-501: Ávila - <a href="/wiki/Pe%C3%B1aranda_de_Bracamonte" title="Peñaranda de Bracamonte">Peñaranda de Bracamonte</a> - Salamanca.</li> <li>N-620: Burgos - <a href="/wiki/Venta_de_Ba%C3%B1os" title="Venta de Baños">Venta de Baños</a> - Valladolid - <a href="/wiki/Tordesillas" title="Tordesillas">Tordesillas</a> - Salamanca - Ciudad Rodrigo - Portugal.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Airport">Airport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Airport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Salamanca_Airport" title="Salamanca Airport">Salamanca Airport</a>, located in the military base of Matacán, is located about 14 km (9 mi) east of the city. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_transport">Public transport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Public transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are 13 bus lines during the day and two night lines. Also, a <a href="/wiki/Tram" title="Tram">tram</a> line has been proposed.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture_and_sports">Culture and sports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Culture and sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2008-07-07_Casa_de_las_Conchas,_Salamanca.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/2008-07-07_Casa_de_las_Conchas%2C_Salamanca.jpg/220px-2008-07-07_Casa_de_las_Conchas%2C_Salamanca.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/2008-07-07_Casa_de_las_Conchas%2C_Salamanca.jpg/330px-2008-07-07_Casa_de_las_Conchas%2C_Salamanca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/2008-07-07_Casa_de_las_Conchas%2C_Salamanca.jpg/440px-2008-07-07_Casa_de_las_Conchas%2C_Salamanca.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Casa de las Conchas</figcaption></figure> <p>The Old City of Salamanca was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2002, Salamanca shared the title of <a href="/wiki/European_Capital_of_Culture" title="European Capital of Culture">European Capital of Culture</a> with <a href="/wiki/Bruges" title="Bruges">Bruges</a>. In 2005, Salamanca celebrated the 250th anniversary of the construction of the <a href="/wiki/Plaza_Mayor,_Salamanca" title="Plaza Mayor, Salamanca">Plaza Mayor</a> with a number of European events (<i>Plaza Mayor de Europa</i>).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Festivals">Festivals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Festivals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Caceres_to_Zamora_by_mountain_bike_(36723517754).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Caceres_to_Zamora_by_mountain_bike_%2836723517754%29.jpg/220px-Caceres_to_Zamora_by_mountain_bike_%2836723517754%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Caceres_to_Zamora_by_mountain_bike_%2836723517754%29.jpg/330px-Caceres_to_Zamora_by_mountain_bike_%2836723517754%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Caceres_to_Zamora_by_mountain_bike_%2836723517754%29.jpg/440px-Caceres_to_Zamora_by_mountain_bike_%2836723517754%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1936" /></a><figcaption>Floral Offering to the Virgen de la Vega</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Holy_Week">Holy Week</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Holy Week"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Holy_Week_in_Salamanca" title="Holy Week in Salamanca">Holy Week in Salamanca</a></div> <p>The Holy Week in Salamanca (<i>Semana Santa</i>) is the most well-known feast in the city. Salamanca is renowned for the solemn and sober processions celebrated during Holy Week. 18, 10,000 brothers or "cofrades", 50 floats or "<a href="/wiki/Paso_(float)" title="Paso (float)">pasos</a>" celebrate the <a href="/wiki/Passion_of_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Passion of Christ">Passion of Christ</a> with 24 processions and thousands of followers, tourist and visitors.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some of the celebrations have been performed for centuries. The confraternities carry artistic pasos created by important Spanish artists such as <a href="/wiki/Luis_Salvador_Carmona" title="Luis Salvador Carmona">Luis Salvador Carmona</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Carnicero" title="Alejandro Carnicero">Alejandro Carnicero</a> or <a href="/wiki/Mariano_Benlliure" title="Mariano Benlliure">Mariano Benlliure</a>. In 2003 the Semana Santa of Salamanca obtained the official declaration of International Touristic Interest.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other">Other</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Other"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Salamanca is also famous throughout Spain and the rest of Europe for its celebrations of "<a href="/wiki/Nochevieja" class="mw-redirect" title="Nochevieja">Nochevieja</a> Universitaria", loosely translated as "University New Year".<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (January 2016)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> It is usually held on the Thursday of the last week of school in December and two weeks before the real New Year's Eve. On this day, students congregate in the <a href="/wiki/Plaza_Mayor,_Salamanca" title="Plaza Mayor, Salamanca">Plaza Mayor de Salamanca</a> to watch free performances and take part in the countdown to midnight. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sports">Sports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Estadio_Helmantico_-_Spain_vs_China_2005.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Estadio_Helmantico_-_Spain_vs_China_2005.jpg/220px-Estadio_Helmantico_-_Spain_vs_China_2005.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Estadio_Helmantico_-_Spain_vs_China_2005.jpg/330px-Estadio_Helmantico_-_Spain_vs_China_2005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Estadio_Helmantico_-_Spain_vs_China_2005.jpg/440px-Estadio_Helmantico_-_Spain_vs_China_2005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Helm%C3%A1ntico_Stadium" title="Helmántico Stadium">Helmántico Stadium</a></figcaption></figure> <p>From 1923 onward, "Los Charros," formally the <a href="/wiki/Union_Deportiva_Salamanca" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Deportiva Salamanca">Union Deportiva Salamanca</a>, were the Salamanca football team. In 2013, the club went bankrupt and its activities were abandoned.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After its dissolution, some managers of the entity decided to refound the farm team to continue competing, maintaining the legacy of the historic club. Thus they created the <a href="/wiki/Club_Deportivo_Club_de_F%C3%BAtbol_Salmantino" class="mw-redirect" title="Club Deportivo Club de Fútbol Salmantino">Club de Fútbol Salmantino</a>. </p><p>The first <a href="/wiki/High_jump" title="High jump">high jump</a> over 8 feet (2.44 m) was made in Salamanca, by <a href="/wiki/Javier_Sotomayor" title="Javier Sotomayor">Javier Sotomayor</a> in 1993. His jump, of 2.45 m (8 feet 0.46 inch), is still the <a href="/wiki/High_jump#Men_.28absolute.29" title="High jump">world record</a> in the event. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Local_teams">Local teams</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Local teams"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salamanca_CF" class="mw-redirect" title="Salamanca CF">Salamanca CF</a>, <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> team</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionistas_de_Salamanca_CF" title="Unionistas de Salamanca CF">Unionistas de Salamanca CF</a>, football team</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CB_Avenida" title="CB Avenida">CB Avenida</a>, <a href="/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">basketball</a> team</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Club_Nataci%C3%B3n_Acu%C3%A1tico_Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Club Natación Acuático Salamanca (page does not exist)">Club Natación Acuático Salamanca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swimming_(sport)" title="Swimming (sport)">swimming</a> team</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cinema">Cinema</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Cinema"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The setting provided by the city has been featured in several films, including Ridley Scott's <i><a href="/wiki/1492:_Conquest_of_Paradise" title="1492: Conquest of Paradise">1492: Conquest of Paradise</a></i> and Miloš Forman's <i><a href="/wiki/Goya%27s_Ghosts" title="Goya's Ghosts">Goya's Ghosts</a></i>. Alejandro Amenábar's 2019 historical film <i><a href="/wiki/While_at_War" title="While at War">While at War</a></i> is set in Salamanca and features scenes shot there. Salamanca was also the setting for the 2008 political thriller <i><a href="/wiki/Vantage_Point_(film)" title="Vantage Point (film)">Vantage Point</a></i>, although the movie was almost exclusively filmed in Mexico. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gastronomy">Gastronomy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Gastronomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hornazo_(Salamaca)-Cerca01.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Hornazo_%28Salamaca%29-Cerca01.JPG/220px-Hornazo_%28Salamaca%29-Cerca01.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Hornazo_%28Salamaca%29-Cerca01.JPG/330px-Hornazo_%28Salamaca%29-Cerca01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Hornazo_%28Salamaca%29-Cerca01.JPG/440px-Hornazo_%28Salamaca%29-Cerca01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Typical <a href="/wiki/Hornazo" title="Hornazo">hornazo</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Among many local dishes, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanfaina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chanfaina (page does not exist)">chanfaina</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/chanfaina" class="extiw" title="es:chanfaina">es</a>]</span></i> (steamed rice with pork) is very popular. Another distinctive dish is the <i>cocido</i>, a slow-cooked <a href="/wiki/Chickpea" title="Chickpea">chickpea</a>-based casserole.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> However, <i><a href="/wiki/Hornazo" title="Hornazo">hornazo</a></i>, a meat pie, is the most popular dish. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sister_cities_and_twin_towns">Sister cities and twin towns</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Sister cities and twin towns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Salamanca is twinned with: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coimbra" title="Coimbra">Coimbra</a> (Portugal); since 1981.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W%C3%BCrzburg" title="Würzburg">Würzburg</a> (Germany); since 1981.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hefei" title="Hefei">Hefei</a> (China); since 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_service">Public service</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Public service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Beatriz_Galindo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Beatriz_Galindo.jpg/140px-Beatriz_Galindo.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Beatriz_Galindo.jpg/210px-Beatriz_Galindo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Beatriz_Galindo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="255" data-file-height="341" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Beatriz_Galindo" title="Beatriz Galindo">Beatriz Galindo</a>, 15th c.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_XI_of_Castile" title="Alfonso XI of Castile">Alfonso XI of Castile</a> (1311–1350), King of <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Castile" title="Crown of Castile">Castile</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Le%C3%B3n" title="Kingdom of León">León</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Ram%C3%ADrez_de_Salamanca" title="Miguel Ramírez de Salamanca">Miguel Ramírez de Salamanca</a> (died 1534), <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Santiago_de_Cuba" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop of Santiago de Cuba">Bishop of Santiago de Cuba</a>, 1530–1534.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatriz_Galindo" title="Beatriz Galindo">Beatriz Galindo</a> (ca.1465 – 1535), a Spanish Latinist, writer, humanist and teacher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Montejo" title="Francisco de Montejo">Francisco de Montejo</a> (ca.1479 – ca.1553), <a href="/wiki/Conquistador" title="Conquistador">conquistador</a> in Mexico and Central America.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_V%C3%A1zquez_de_Coronado" title="Francisco Vázquez de Coronado">Francisco Vázquez de Coronado</a> (1510–1554), <a href="/wiki/Conquistador" title="Conquistador">conquistador</a> in Mexico to Kansas.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_V%C3%A1zquez_de_Coronado" title="Juan Vázquez de Coronado">Juan Vázquez de Coronado</a> (1523–1565) <a href="/wiki/Conquistador" title="Conquistador">conquistador</a>, colonised Costa Rica</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baldassare_de_Benavente" title="Baldassare de Benavente">Baldassare de Benavente</a> (1638–1687), a Roman Catholic prelate & <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Potenza" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop of Potenza">Bishop of Potenza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jer%C3%B3nimo_B%C3%A9cker" title="Jerónimo Bécker">Jerónimo Bécker</a> (1857-1925) historian, diplomat and journalist.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Lamami%C3%A9_de_Clairac_y_Colina" title="José María Lamamié de Clairac y Colina">José María Lamamié de Clairac y Colina</a> (1887-1956), politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Gil-Robles_y_Qui%C3%B1ones" title="José María Gil-Robles y Quiñones">José María Gil-Robles</a> (1898–1980), politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antol%C3%ADn_de_Santiago" title="Antolín de Santiago">Antolín de Santiago</a> (born 1918), former politician, lawyer, professor, journalist & Mayor of Valladolid, 1971/1974.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elena_Catena" title="Elena Catena">Elena Catena</a> (1920–2012), university professor, philologist, publisher and feminist.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Adrados" title="Francisco Rodríguez Adrados">Francisco Rodríguez Adrados</a> (1922–2020), Hellenist, linguist and translator</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleuterio_S%C3%A1nchez" title="Eleuterio Sánchez">Eleuterio Sánchez</a> (born 1942), former Spanish thief, today lawyer and published writer.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_V%C3%A9rgez_Alzaga" title="Fernando Vérgez Alzaga">Fernando Vérgez Alzaga</a> (born 1945), Secretary General of the <a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_Vatican_City_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Governorate of Vatican City State">Governorate of Vatican City State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Fern%C3%A1ndez_Ma%C3%B1ueco" title="Alfonso Fernández Mañueco">Alfonso Fernández Mañueco</a> (born 1965), politician, Mayor of Salamanca, 2011 to 2018.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Moreno_Yag%C3%BCe" title="Juan Moreno Yagüe">Juan Moreno Yagüe</a> (born 1973), a Spanish lawyer, activist and politician.</li></ul> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Diego_de_Torres_Villarroel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Diego_de_Torres_Villarroel.jpg/140px-Diego_de_Torres_Villarroel.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Diego_de_Torres_Villarroel.jpg/210px-Diego_de_Torres_Villarroel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Diego_de_Torres_Villarroel.jpg/280px-Diego_de_Torres_Villarroel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1544" data-file-height="2584" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Diego_de_Torres_Villarroel" title="Diego de Torres Villarroel">Diego de Torres Villarroel</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Busto_de_Pedro_Garfias_Zurita.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Busto_de_Pedro_Garfias_Zurita.jpg/140px-Busto_de_Pedro_Garfias_Zurita.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Busto_de_Pedro_Garfias_Zurita.jpg/210px-Busto_de_Pedro_Garfias_Zurita.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Busto_de_Pedro_Garfias_Zurita.jpg/280px-Busto_de_Pedro_Garfias_Zurita.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>bust of <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Garfias" title="Pedro Garfias">Pedro Garfias</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Arts">The Arts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: The Arts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Gallego" title="Fernando Gallego">Fernando Gallego</a> (1440–1507), Spanish painter, Hispano-Flemish in style.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucas_Fern%C3%A1ndez_(musician)" title="Lucas Fernández (musician)">Lucas Fernández</a> (ca.1474 – 1542), writer, dramatist and musician.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Hern%C3%A1ndez_(sculptor)" title="Pedro Hernández (sculptor)">Pedro Hernández</a> (ca.1585 – 1665), sculptor, drawer and engraver of the Castilian school</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_de_Torres_Villarroel" title="Diego de Torres Villarroel">Diego de Torres Villarroel</a> (1693–1770), writer, poet, dramatist, doctor, mathematician, priest and professor of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Salamanca" title="University of Salamanca">University of Salamanca</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Francisco_%C3%81lvarez_de_la_Pe%C3%B1a" title="Manuel Francisco Álvarez de la Peña">Manuel Francisco Álvarez de la Peña</a> (1727–1797), Spanish sculptor.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Carnicero" title="Antonio Carnicero">Antonio Carnicero</a> (1748–1814), painter of the <a href="/wiki/Neoclassicism" title="Neoclassicism">Neoclassical</a> style.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventura_Ruiz_Aguilera" title="Ventura Ruiz Aguilera">Ventura Ruiz Aguilera</a> (1820–1881), a Spanish lyric poet.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matilde_Cherner" title="Matilde Cherner">Matilde Cherner</a> (1833-1880), writer and journalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s_Bret%C3%B3n" title="Tomás Bretón">Tomás Bretón</a> (1850–1923), conductor and composer.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_de_Unamuno" title="Miguel de Unamuno">Miguel de Unamuno</a> (1864–1936), writer, novelist, poet, playwright, philosopher and academic</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Garfias" title="Pedro Garfias">Pedro Garfias</a> (1901–1967), poet.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charo_Lopez" class="mw-redirect" title="Charo Lopez">María del Rosario López Piñuelas</a> (born 1943), actress, stage name <i><a href="/wiki/Charo_Lopez" class="mw-redirect" title="Charo Lopez">Charo Lopez</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yann_Martel" title="Yann Martel">Yann Martel</a> (born 1963), Canadian author of the <a href="/wiki/Man_Booker_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="Man Booker Prize">Man Booker Prize</a>–winning novel <i><a href="/wiki/Life_of_Pi" title="Life of Pi">Life of Pi</a></i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Carlos_Fern%C3%A1ndez-Nieto" title="Juan Carlos Fernández-Nieto">Juan Carlos Fernández-Nieto</a> (born 1987), a Spanish-American pianist.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Science_&_business"><span id="Science_.26_business"></span>Science & business</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Science & business"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Zacuto" title="Abraham Zacuto">Abraham Zacuto</a> (1452 – ca.1515), Jewish astronomer, astrologer, mathematician, rabbi and historian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ignacio_S%C3%A1nchez_Gal%C3%A1n" title="José Ignacio Sánchez Galán">José Ignacio Sánchez Galán</a> (born 1950), engineer and manager, CEO of <a href="/wiki/Iberdrola" title="Iberdrola">Iberdrola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Russinovich" title="Mark Russinovich">Mark Russinovich</a> (born 1966) software engineer and author, <a href="/wiki/Chief_technology_officer" title="Chief technology officer">CTO</a> of <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Azure" title="Microsoft Azure">Microsoft Azure</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susana_Marcos_Celestino" title="Susana Marcos Celestino">Susana Marcos Celestino</a> (born 1970), physicist works on <a href="/wiki/Visual_perception" title="Visual perception">human vision</a> and applied <a href="/wiki/Optics" title="Optics">optics</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_de_Pablo" title="Flora de Pablo">Flora de Pablo</a> (born 1952), biologist</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sport">Sport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Sport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vicente_del_Bosque_Euro_2012_final.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Vicente_del_Bosque_Euro_2012_final.jpg/140px-Vicente_del_Bosque_Euro_2012_final.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Vicente_del_Bosque_Euro_2012_final.jpg/210px-Vicente_del_Bosque_Euro_2012_final.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Vicente_del_Bosque_Euro_2012_final.jpg/280px-Vicente_del_Bosque_Euro_2012_final.jpg 2x" data-file-width="435" data-file-height="656" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Vicente_del_Bosque" title="Vicente del Bosque">Vicente del Bosque</a>, 2012</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vicente_del_Bosque" title="Vicente del Bosque">Vicente del Bosque</a> (born 1950), footballer with 518 club caps and 18 for <a href="/wiki/Spain_national_football_team" title="Spain national football team">Spain</a> and manager of <a href="/wiki/Spain_national_football_team" title="Spain national football team">Spain</a> 2008/2016</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Javier_Sanz_Alonso" title="Francisco Javier Sanz Alonso">Francisco Javier Sanz Alonso</a> (1952–2022), Spanish Chess Championship winner (1973).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teodora_Ruano" title="Teodora Ruano">Teodora Ruano</a> (born 1969) retired female track and road racing cyclist, competed in three Summer Olympics</li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1tima_Bl%C3%A1zquez" title="Fátima Blázquez">Fátima Blázquez</a> (born 1975) road cyclist, competed at the <a href="/wiki/1996_Summer_Olympics" title="1996 Summer Olympics">1996</a> & <a href="/wiki/2000_Summer_Olympics" title="2000 Summer Olympics">2000 Summer Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Prieto" title="Félix Prieto">Félix Prieto</a> (born 1975), former footballer with 474 club caps</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ib%C3%A1n_Cuadrado" title="Ibán Cuadrado">Ibán Cuadrado</a> (born 1979), former footballer with 544 club caps</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Mart%C3%ADn_(footballer)" title="Jonathan Martín (footballer)">Jonathan Martín</a> (born 1981), footballer with over 500 club caps</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_Gonz%C3%A1lez_(Spanish_footballer)" title="Óscar González (Spanish footballer)">Óscar González</a> (born 1982), footballer with over 438 club caps</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Navarro" title="Daniel Navarro">Daniel Navarro</a> (born 1983), a professional road bicycle racer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Pe%C3%B1a_(Spanish_footballer)" title="Carlos Peña (Spanish footballer)">Carlos Peña</a> (born 1983), footballer with 572 club caps</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_Arbeloa" title="Álvaro Arbeloa">Álvaro Arbeloa</a> (born 1983), footballer with 344 club caps and 56 for <a href="/wiki/Spain_national_football_team" title="Spain national football team">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cristina_Gonz%C3%A1lez_Ramos" title="Cristina González Ramos">Cristina González Ramos</a> (born 1983), a retired handball goalkeeper with 142 caps for <a href="/wiki/Spain_women%27s_national_handball_team" title="Spain women's national handball team">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javier_Carpio" title="Javier Carpio">Javier Carpio</a> (born 1984), footballer with over 440 club caps</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kike_L%C3%B3pez" title="Kike López">Kike López</a> (born 1988), footballer with over 480 club caps</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Alcaide" title="David Alcaide">David Alcaide</a> (born 1978), professional <a href="/wiki/Pool_(cue_sports)" title="Pool (cue sports)">pool</a> player, European Open Pool Championship winner (2023)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salmanticenses_and_Complutenses" title="Salmanticenses and Complutenses">Salmanticenses and Complutenses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monument_to_Columbus_(Salamanca)" title="Monument to Columbus (Salamanca)">Monument to Columbus (Salamanca)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation cs1"><i>Municipal Register of Spain 2018</i>. <a href="/wiki/National_Statistics_Institute_(Spain)" title="National Statistics Institute (Spain)">National Statistics Institute</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Municipal+Register+of+Spain+2018&rft.pub=National+Statistics+Institute&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalamanca" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlanco-GonzálezMacarro_AlcaldeAlario_García2017" class="citation journal cs1">Blanco-González, Antonio; Macarro Alcalde, Carlos; Alario García, Cristina (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aranzadi.eus/fileadmin/docs/Munibe/maa.2017.68.15.pdf">"La aldea del Hierro Inicial del Cerro de San Vicente (Salamanca, España): Resultados de las excavaciones entre 1990 y 2006 a la luz de algunos debates actuales"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Munibe Antropologia-Arkeologia</i> (68). San Sebastián, Spain: Aranzadi Zientzia Elkartea: 217–236. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1132-2217">1132-2217</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Munibe+Antropologia-Arkeologia&rft.atitle=La+aldea+del+Hierro+Inicial+del+Cerro+de+San+Vicente+%28Salamanca%2C+Espa%C3%B1a%29%3A+Resultados+de+las+excavaciones+entre+1990+y+2006+a+la+luz+de+algunos+debates+actuales&rft.issue=68&rft.pages=217-236&rft.date=2017&rft.issn=1132-2217&rft.aulast=Blanco-Gonz%C3%A1lez&rft.aufirst=Antonio&rft.au=Macarro+Alcalde%2C+Carlos&rft.au=Alario+Garc%C3%ADa%2C+Cristina&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aranzadi.eus%2Ffileadmin%2Fdocs%2FMunibe%2Fmaa.2017.68.15.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalamanca" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ángel Barrios García. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gredos.usal.es/jspui/bitstream/10366/69668/1/Repoblacion_de_la_zona_meridional_del_Du.pdf">Repoblación de la zona meridional del Duero. Phases of occupation, provenances, and spatial distribution of the repopulating groups</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJosé_María_Quadrado1884" class="citation book cs1">José María Quadrado (1884). "Salamanca". In Daniel Cortezo (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/obra-visor/espana-sus-monumentos-y-artes-su-naturaleza-e-historia-tomo-3--0/html/fefc02c4-82b1-11df-acc7-002185ce6064_91.html#I_3_"><i>España: sus monumentos y artes, su naturaleza e historia. Volume 3</i></a>. Barcelona: Publication: Alicante: <a href="/wiki/Miguel_de_Cervantes_Virtual_Library" title="Miguel de Cervantes Virtual Library">Miguel de Cervantes Virtual Library</a>, 1999.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Salamanca&rft.btitle=Espa%C3%B1a%3A+sus+monumentos+y+artes%2C+su+naturaleza+e+historia.+Volume+3&rft.place=Barcelona&rft.pub=Publication%3A+Alicante%3A+Miguel+de+Cervantes+Virtual+Library%2C+1999&rft.date=1884&rft.au=Jos%C3%A9+Mar%C3%ADa+Quadrado&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cervantesvirtual.com%2Fobra-visor%2Fespana-sus-monumentos-y-artes-su-naturaleza-e-historia-tomo-3--0%2Fhtml%2Ffefc02c4-82b1-11df-acc7-002185ce6064_91.html%23I_3_&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalamanca" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Salamanca_y_su_alfoz-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Salamanca_y_su_alfoz_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Salamanca_y_su_alfoz_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Salamanca Y Su Alfoz En La Edad Media (12th and 13th centuries). 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Warriors, clerics and peasants</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMonsalvo2009" class="citation journal cs1">Monsalvo, José María (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.raco.cat/index.php/ImagoTemporis/article/view/216359/288545">"Las violencias banderizas en la Salamanca medieval. Algunos problemas de interpretación"</a>. <i>Imago Temporis: Medium Aevum</i>. <b>III</b>. 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Météo Climat<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=M%C3%A9t%C3%A9o+climat+stats+Moyennes+1991%2F2020+Espagne+%28page+3%29&rft.pub=M%C3%A9t%C3%A9o+Climat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmeteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org%2Flistenormale-1991-2020-3-p62.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalamanca" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie/annee/1991/salamanca-matacan/valeurs/08202.html">"Climatologie de l'année à Salamanca/Matacan"</a> (in French). 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aemet.es/es/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/efemerides_extremos*?w=0&k=cle&l=2867&datos=det&x=2867&m=13&v=todos">the original</a> on 5 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Extremes+in+Salamanca+Airport&rft.pub=Agencia+Estatal+de+Meteorolog%C3%ADa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aemet.es%2Fes%2Fserviciosclimaticos%2Fdatosclimatologicos%2Fefemerides_extremos%2A%3Fw%3D0%26k%3Dcle%26l%3D2867%26datos%3Ddet%26x%3D2867%26m%3D13%26v%3Dtodos&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalamanca" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PGOU-SA-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PGOU-SA_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PGOU-SA_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://urbanismo.aytosalamanca.es/es/visor/index.html">PGOU of the municipality of Salamanca (revision-adaptation 2004)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aqualia.com/web/aqualia-salamanca/ciclo-del-agua/depuracion">Depuración</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.versalamanca.com/fonda-veracruz.html">"Fonda Veracruz en Salamanca - Ver Salamanca"</a>. <i>versalamanca.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=versalamanca.com&rft.atitle=Fonda+Veracruz+en+Salamanca+-+Ver+Salamanca&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.versalamanca.com%2Ffonda-veracruz.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalamanca" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CE-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CE_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CE_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20160215195541/http://www.cajaespana.es/pubweb/decyle.nsf/PorMunicipios/1A918D0B2EB94DAEC1256BB5003CC495/$File/37274.PDF?OpenElement">"Salamanca - Datos Económicos y Sociales"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. cajaespana.es. 2009. 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La Gaceta de Salamanca. 9 January 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.lagacetadesalamanca.es&rft.atitle=Lirios+en+el+Parque+W%C3%BCrzburg%2C+la+imagen+de+hoy+de+Puparelli&rft.date=2019-01-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lagacetadesalamanca.es%2Fhemeroteca%2Flirios-parque-wurzburg-imagen-hoy-puparelli-ISGS173759&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalamanca" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ahfao.ah.gov.cn/xwzx/wsdt/121093671.html">"合肥国际"朋友圈"再添新成员——合肥市与西班牙萨拉曼卡市建立友好合作关系"</a>. <i>ahfao.ah.gov.cn</i>. 18 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ahfao.ah.gov.cn&rft.atitle=%E5%90%88%E8%82%A5%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%22%E6%9C%8B%E5%8F%8B%E5%9C%88%22%E5%86%8D%E6%B7%BB%E6%96%B0%E6%88%90%E5%91%98%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E5%90%88%E8%82%A5%E5%B8%82%E4%B8%8E%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E8%90%A8%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC%E5%8D%A1%E5%B8%82%E5%BB%BA%E7%AB%8B%E5%8F%8B%E5%A5%BD%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB&rft.date=2022-07-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fahfao.ah.gov.cn%2Fxwzx%2Fwsdt%2F121093671.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalamanca" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged May 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Coronado, Francisco Vasquez de"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Coronado,_Francisco_Vasquez_de">"Coronado, Francisco Vasquez de" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 185.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Coronado%2C+Francisco+Vasquez+de&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=185&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalamanca" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Fernandez, Lucas"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Fernandez,_Lucas">"Fernandez, Lucas" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 279.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Fernandez%2C+Lucas&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=279&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalamanca" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Torres y Villaroel, Diego de"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Torres_y_Villaroel,_Diego_de">"Torres y Villaroel, Diego de" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 61.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Torres+y+Villaroel%2C+Diego+de&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=61&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalamanca" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Alvarez, Don Manuel"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Alvarez,_Don_Manuel">"Alvarez, Don Manuel" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 774.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Alvarez%2C+Don+Manuel&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=774&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalamanca" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Aguilera, Ventura Ruiz"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Aguilera,_Ventura_Ruiz">"Aguilera, Ventura Ruiz" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 428.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Aguilera%2C+Ventura+Ruiz&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=428&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalamanca" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Salamanca#Bibliography" title="Timeline of Salamanca">Bibliography of the history of Salamanca</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Salamanca" class="extiw" title="commons:Salamanca"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Salamanca</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Salamanca#Q15695" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Salamanca">Salamanca</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has the text of <i><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_New_Student%27s_Reference_Work" class="extiw" title="s:The New Student's Reference Work">The New Student's Reference Work</a></i> article "<b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_New_Student%27s_Reference_Work/Salamanca" class="extiw" title="s:The New Student's Reference Work/Salamanca">Salamanca</a></b>".</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobinsonJayne1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Walker_Robinson" title="Charles Walker Robinson">Robinson, Charles Walker</a>; Jayne, Kingsley Garland (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Salamanca (city)"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Salamanca_(city)">"Salamanca (city)" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). pp. 56–58.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Salamanca+%28city%29&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=56-58&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Charles+Walker&rft.au=Jayne%2C+Kingsley+Garland&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalamanca" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aytosalamanca.gob.es/">City Council of Salamanca</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.salamanca.es">Official Tourist Information Office</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wikisalamanca.org/">Wiki of the city of Salamanca</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ciudaddesalamanca.es">General information on Salamanca</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.conciertosensalamanca.com">General information about events in Salamanca</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tourspain.org/salamanca">Salamanca travel guide</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hitchhikershandbook.com/country-guides/spain-2/salamanca/">Salamanca city guide</a> at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hitchhikershandbook.com">HitchHikers Handbook</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://banderalia.es/localidades-y-municipios/751-bandera-de-salamanca.html">Flag of Salamanca</a></li></ul> <p><b>Museums</b> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.museocasalis.org/">Art Nouveau and Art Decó Museum Casa Lis</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.museoautomocion.com/">Car History Museum</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ieronimus.com">Cathedral Museum</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:World_Heritage_Sites_in_Spain" title="Template:World Heritage Sites in Spain"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:World_Heritage_Sites_in_Spain" title="Template talk:World Heritage Sites in Spain"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:World_Heritage_Sites_in_Spain" title="Special:EditPage/Template:World Heritage Sites in Spain"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="World_Heritage_Sites_in_Spain" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Sites</a> in <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><i>For official site names, see each article or the <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Spain" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Spain">List of World Heritage Sites in Spain</a>.</i></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/First-level_NUTS_of_the_European_Union#Spain" title="First-level NUTS of the European Union">North West</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Altamira" title="Cave of Altamira">Caves of Altamira</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">and</span> <a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Altamira_and_Paleolithic_Cave_Art_of_Northern_Spain" title="Cave of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain">Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">Monuments of</span> <a href="/wiki/Oviedo" title="Oviedo">Oviedo</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">and the</span> <a href="/wiki/Asturian_architecture" title="Asturian architecture">Kingdom of the Asturias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_walls_of_Lugo" title="Roman walls of Lugo">Roman walls of Lugo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Heritage_Sites_in_Galicia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="World Heritage Sites in Galicia (page does not exist)">Route of Santiago de Compostela</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_Compostela" title="Santiago de Compostela">Santiago de Compostela</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Old Town)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_of_Hercules" title="Tower of Hercules">Tower of Hercules</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Spain"><img alt="Flag of Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/58px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="58" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/87px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/116px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Flag of Spain</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/First-level_NUTS_of_the_European_Union#Spain" title="First-level NUTS of the European Union">North East</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_and_Primeval_Beech_Forests_of_the_Carpathians_and_Other_Regions_of_Europe" title="Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe">Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests</a><sup><small>5</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Altamira" title="Cave of Altamira">Caves of Altamira</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">and</span> <a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Altamira_and_Paleolithic_Cave_Art_of_Northern_Spain" title="Cave of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain">Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mud%C3%A9jar_architecture_of_Aragon" title="Mudéjar architecture of Aragon">Mudéjar Architecture of Aragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es_%E2%80%93_Mont_Perdu_World_Heritage_Site" title="Pyrénées – Mont Perdu World Heritage Site">Pirineos - Monte Perdido</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_art_of_the_Iberian_Mediterranean_Basin" title="Rock art of the Iberian Mediterranean Basin">Rock art of the Iberian Mediterranean Basin</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Heritage_Sites_in_Galicia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="World Heritage Sites in Galicia (page does not exist)">Route of Santiago de Compostela</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monasteries_of_San_Mill%C3%A1n_de_la_Cogolla" title="Monasteries of San Millán de la Cogolla">San Millán Yuso and Suso Monasteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vizcaya_Bridge" title="Vizcaya Bridge">Vizcaya Bridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/First-level_NUTS_of_the_European_Union#Spain" title="First-level NUTS of the European Union">Centre</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_and_Primeval_Beech_Forests_of_the_Carpathians_and_Other_Regions_of_Europe" title="Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe">Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests</a><sup><small>5</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aranjuez" title="Aranjuez">Aranjuez</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">Cultural Landscape</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augusta_Emerita" title="Augusta Emerita">Archaeological Ensemble of Mérida</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">Archaeological Site of</span> <a href="/wiki/Atapuerca_Mountains" title="Atapuerca Mountains">Atapuerca</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">Old Town of</span> <a href="/wiki/%C3%81vila" title="Ávila">Ávila</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">with its Extra-mural Churches</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burgos_Cathedral" title="Burgos Cathedral">Burgos Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Town_of_C%C3%A1ceres" title="Old Town of Cáceres">Old Town of Cáceres</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">Historic Walled Town of</span> <a href="/wiki/Cuenca,_Spain" title="Cuenca, Spain">Cuenca</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">Monastery and Site of</span> <a href="/wiki/El_Escorial" title="El Escorial">El Escorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_of_Mercury._Almad%C3%A9n_and_Idrija" title="Heritage of Mercury. Almadén and Idrija">Heritage of Mercury. Almadén and Idrija</a><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_M%C3%A9dulas" title="Las Médulas">Las Médulas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastery_of_Saint_Mary_of_Guadalupe" title="Monastery of Saint Mary of Guadalupe">Monastery of Saint Mary of Guadalupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paseo_del_Prado" title="Paseo del Prado">Paseo del Prado</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">and</span> <a href="/wiki/Parque_del_Buen_Retiro,_Madrid" title="Parque del Buen Retiro, Madrid">Buen Retiro</a><span style="font-size:85%;">, a landscape of Arts and Sciences</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_art_of_the_Iberian_Mediterranean_Basin" title="Rock art of the Iberian Mediterranean Basin">Rock art of the Iberian Mediterranean Basin</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Heritage_Sites_in_Galicia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="World Heritage Sites in Galicia (page does not exist)">Route of Santiago de Compostela</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">Old City of</span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Salamanca</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">Old Town of</span> <a href="/wiki/Segovia" title="Segovia">Segovia</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">and</span> <a href="/wiki/Aqueduct_of_Segovia" title="Aqueduct of Segovia">its Aqueduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Rock_Art_Sites_in_the_C%C3%B4a_Valley_and_Siega_Verde" title="Prehistoric Rock Art Sites in the Côa Valley and Siega Verde">Siega Verde</a><sup><small>4</small></sup></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">Historic City of</span> <a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Spain" title="Toledo, Spain">Toledo</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">University and Historic Precinct of</span> <a href="/wiki/Alcal%C3%A1_de_Henares" title="Alcalá de Henares">Alcalá de Henares</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/First-level_NUTS_of_the_European_Union#Spain" title="First-level NUTS of the European Union">East</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tarraco" title="Tarraco">Archaeological Ensemble of Tarraco</a>, <span style="font-size:85%;">Tarragona</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_Romanesque_Churches_of_the_Vall_de_Bo%C3%AD" title="Catalan Romanesque Churches of the Vall de Boí">Catalan Romanesque Churches of the Vall de Boí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palau_de_la_M%C3%BAsica_Catalana" title="Palau de la Música Catalana">Palau de la Música Catalana</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">and</span> <a href="/wiki/Hospital_de_Sant_Pau" title="Hospital de Sant Pau">Hospital de Sant Pau</a>, <span style="font-size:85%;">Barcelona</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmeral_of_Elche" title="Palmeral of Elche">Palmeral of Elche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poblet_Abbey" title="Poblet Abbey">Poblet Abbey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_art_of_the_Iberian_Mediterranean_Basin" title="Rock art of the Iberian Mediterranean Basin">Rock art of the Iberian Mediterranean Basin</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lonja_de_la_Seda" title="Lonja de la Seda">Silk Exchange in Valencia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Gaud%C3%AD_buildings" title="List of Gaudí buildings">Works of Antoni Gaudí</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/First-level_NUTS_of_the_European_Union#Spain" title="First-level NUTS of the European Union">South</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alhambra" title="Alhambra">Alhambra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Generalife" title="Generalife">Generalife</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">and</span> <a href="/wiki/Albaic%C3%ADn" title="Albaicín">Albaicín</a>, <span style="font-size:85%;">Granada</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seville_Cathedral" title="Seville Cathedral">Cathedral</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alc%C3%A1zar_of_Seville" title="Alcázar of Seville">Alcázar</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">and</span> <a href="/wiki/General_Archive_of_the_Indies" title="General Archive of the Indies">General Archive of the Indies</a>, <span style="font-size:85%;">Seville</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antequera_Dolmens_Site" title="Antequera Dolmens Site">Dolmens Site of Antequera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Do%C3%B1ana_National_Park" title="Doñana National Park">Doñana National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_centre_of_C%C3%B3rdoba" title="Historic centre of Córdoba">Historic Centre of Córdoba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madinat_al-Zahra" title="Madinat al-Zahra">Madinat al-Zahra</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">Renaissance Monuments of</span> <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Abeda" title="Úbeda">Úbeda</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">and</span> <a href="/wiki/Baeza,_Spain" title="Baeza, Spain">Baeza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_art_of_the_Iberian_Mediterranean_Basin" title="Rock art of the Iberian Mediterranean Basin">Rock art of the Iberian Mediterranean Basin</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Balearic_Islands" title="Balearic Islands">Balearic Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;">Cultural Landscape of the</span> <a href="/wiki/Serra_de_Tramuntana" title="Serra de Tramuntana">Serra de Tramuntana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibiza" title="Ibiza">Ibiza</a><span style="font-size:85%;">, Biodiversity and Culture</span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">Prehistoric Sites of</span> <a href="/wiki/Talaiotic_culture" title="Talaiotic culture">Talayotic</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">Menorca</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garajonay_National_Park" title="Garajonay National Park">Garajonay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Risco_Ca%C3%ADdo" title="Risco Caído">Risco Caído and the Sacred Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teide_National_Park" title="Teide National Park">Teide National Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><sup>1</sup> Shared with other <a href="/wiki/First-level_NUTS_of_the_European_Union#Spain" title="First-level NUTS of the European Union">region/s</a></li> <li><sup>2</sup> Shared with <a href="/wiki/Template:World_Heritage_Sites_in_France" title="Template:World Heritage Sites in France">France</a></li> <li><sup>3</sup> Shared with <a href="/wiki/Template:World_Heritage_Sites_in_Slovenia" title="Template:World Heritage Sites in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><sup>4</sup> Shared with <a href="/wiki/Template:World_Heritage_Sites_in_Portugal" title="Template:World Heritage Sites in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><sup>5</sup> Shared with <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="European_Capitals_of_Culture" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:European_Capital_of_Culture" title="Template:European Capital of Culture"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:European_Capital_of_Culture" title="Template talk:European Capital of Culture"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:European_Capital_of_Culture" title="Special:EditPage/Template:European Capital of Culture"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="European_Capitals_of_Culture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/European_Capital_of_Culture" title="European Capital of Culture">European Capitals of Culture</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">1985</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1986</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1987</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1988</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/West_Berlin" title="West Berlin">West</a> <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1989</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1990</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1991</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1992</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1993</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1994</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1995</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_City" title="Luxembourg City">Luxembourg City</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1996</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Copenhagen" title="Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1997</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Thessaloniki" title="Thessaloniki">Thessaloniki</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1998</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1999</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Weimar" title="Weimar">Weimar</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2000</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Reykjav%C3%ADk" title="Reykjavík">Reykjavík</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bergen" title="Bergen">Bergen</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_Compostela" title="Santiago de Compostela">Santiago de Compostela</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Avignon" title="Avignon">Avignon</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bologna" title="Bologna">Bologna</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2001</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam">Rotterdam</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Porto" title="Porto">Porto</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2002</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bruges" title="Bruges">Bruges</a></dd> <dd><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Salamanca</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2003</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Graz" title="Graz">Graz</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv">Plovdiv</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2004</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lille" title="Lille">Lille</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2005</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cork_(city)" title="Cork (city)">Cork</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2006</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Patras" title="Patras">Patras</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2007</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_City" title="Luxembourg City">Luxembourg City</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sibiu" title="Sibiu">Sibiu</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2008</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stavanger" title="Stavanger">Stavanger</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2009</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Linz" title="Linz">Linz</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2010</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Essen" title="Essen">Essen</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9cs" title="Pécs">Pécs</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2011</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Turku" title="Turku">Turku</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2012</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Maribor" title="Maribor">Maribor</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Guimar%C3%A3es" title="Guimarães">Guimarães</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2013</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%A1ice" title="Košice">Košice</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Marseille" title="Marseille">Marseille</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2014</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ume%C3%A5" title="Umeå">Umeå</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2015</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mons,_Belgium" title="Mons, Belgium">Mons</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Plze%C5%88" title="Plzeň">Plzeň</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2016</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/San_Sebasti%C3%A1n" title="San Sebastián">San Sebastián</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw" title="Wrocław">Wrocław</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2017</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Aarhus" title="Aarhus">Aarhus</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Paphos" title="Paphos">Paphos</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2018</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Valletta" title="Valletta">Valletta</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Leeuwarden" title="Leeuwarden">Leeuwarden</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2019</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv">Plovdiv</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Matera" title="Matera">Matera</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2020-April 2021</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka">Rijeka</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Galway" title="Galway">Galway</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2022</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas">Kaunas</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Esch-sur-Alzette" title="Esch-sur-Alzette">Esch-sur-Alzette</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Novi_Sad" title="Novi Sad">Novi Sad</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2023</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Veszpr%C3%A9m" title="Veszprém">Veszprém</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Timi%C8%99oara" title="Timișoara">Timișoara</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Elefsina" title="Elefsina">Elefsina</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2024</span></dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Tartu" title="Tartu">Tartu</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Bad_Ischl" title="Bad Ischl">Bad Ischl</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Bod%C3%B8_(town)" title="Bodø (town)">Bodø</a></b></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2025</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nova_Gorica" title="Nova Gorica">Nova Gorica</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gorizia" title="Gorizia">Gorizia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chemnitz" title="Chemnitz">Chemnitz</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2026</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Oulu" title="Oulu">Oulu</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tren%C4%8D%C3%ADn" title="Trenčín">Trenčín</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2027</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Liep%C4%81ja" title="Liepāja">Liepāja</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_in_the_province_of_Salamanca" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Municipalities_in_Salamanca" title="Template:Municipalities in Salamanca"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Municipalities_in_Salamanca" title="Template talk:Municipalities in Salamanca"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Municipalities_in_Salamanca" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Municipalities in Salamanca"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_in_the_province_of_Salamanca" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities in the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Salamanca" title="Province of Salamanca">province of Salamanca</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abusejo" title="Abusejo">Abusejo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agallas" title="Agallas">Agallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahigal_de_Villarino" title="Ahigal de Villarino">Ahigal de Villarino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahigal_de_los_Aceiteros" title="Ahigal de los Aceiteros">Ahigal de los Aceiteros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaraz" title="Alaraz">Alaraz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alba_de_Tormes" title="Alba de Tormes">Alba de Tormes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alba_de_Yeltes" title="Alba de Yeltes">Alba de Yeltes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alconada" title="Alconada">Alconada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldea_del_Obispo" title="Aldea del Obispo">Aldea del Obispo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldeacipreste" title="Aldeacipreste">Aldeacipreste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldead%C3%A1vila_de_la_Ribera" title="Aldeadávila de la Ribera">Aldeadávila de la Ribera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldealengua" title="Aldealengua">Aldealengua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldeanueva_de_Figueroa" title="Aldeanueva de Figueroa">Aldeanueva de Figueroa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldeanueva_de_la_Sierra" title="Aldeanueva de la Sierra">Aldeanueva de la Sierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldearrodrigo" title="Aldearrodrigo">Aldearrodrigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldearrubia" title="Aldearrubia">Aldearrubia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldeaseca_de_Alba" title="Aldeaseca de Alba">Aldeaseca de Alba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldeaseca_de_la_Frontera" title="Aldeaseca de la Frontera">Aldeaseca de la Frontera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldeatejada" title="Aldeatejada">Aldeatejada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldeavieja_de_Tormes" title="Aldeavieja de Tormes">Aldeavieja de Tormes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldehuela_de_Yeltes" title="Aldehuela de Yeltes">Aldehuela de Yeltes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldehuela_de_la_B%C3%B3veda" title="Aldehuela de la Bóveda">Aldehuela de la Bóveda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almenara_de_Tormes" title="Almenara de Tormes">Almenara de Tormes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almendra,_Salamanca" title="Almendra, Salamanca">Almendra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaya_de_Alba" title="Anaya de Alba">Anaya de Alba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabayona_de_M%C3%B3gica" title="Arabayona de Mógica">Arabayona de Mógica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arapiles,_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n" title="Arapiles, Castile and León">Arapiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arcediano" title="Arcediano">Arcediano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenteros" title="Armenteros">Armenteros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%B1over_de_Tormes" title="Añover de Tormes">Añover de Tormes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babilafuente" title="Babilafuente">Babilafuente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbadillo" title="Barbadillo">Barbadillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbalos" title="Barbalos">Barbalos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barceo" title="Barceo">Barceo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barruecopardo" title="Barruecopardo">Barruecopardo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%C3%B1ob%C3%A1rez" title="Bañobárez">Bañobárez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bele%C3%B1a" title="Beleña">Beleña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bermellar" title="Bermellar">Bermellar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berrocal_de_Huebra" title="Berrocal de Huebra">Berrocal de Huebra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berrocal_de_Salvatierra" title="Berrocal de Salvatierra">Berrocal de Salvatierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boada,_Salamanca" title="Boada, Salamanca">Boada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogajo" title="Bogajo">Bogajo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brincones" title="Brincones">Brincones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buenamadre" title="Buenamadre">Buenamadre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buenavista,_Salamanca" title="Buenavista, Salamanca">Buenavista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9jar" title="Béjar">Béjar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B3veda_del_R%C3%ADo_Almar" title="Bóveda del Río Almar">Bóveda del Río Almar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabeza_del_Caballo" title="Cabeza del Caballo">Cabeza del Caballo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabezabellosa_de_la_Calzada" title="Cabezabellosa de la Calzada">Cabezabellosa de la Calzada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabrerizos" title="Cabrerizos">Cabrerizos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabrillas" title="Cabrillas">Cabrillas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvarrasa_de_Abajo" title="Calvarrasa de Abajo">Calvarrasa de Abajo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvarrasa_de_Arriba" title="Calvarrasa de Arriba">Calvarrasa de Arriba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calzada_de_Don_Diego" title="Calzada de Don Diego">Calzada de Don Diego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calzada_de_Valdunciel" title="Calzada de Valdunciel">Calzada de Valdunciel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campillo_de_Azaba" title="Campillo de Azaba">Campillo de Azaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candelario" title="Candelario">Candelario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canillas_de_Abajo" title="Canillas de Abajo">Canillas de Abajo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantagallo,_Spain" title="Cantagallo, Spain">Cantagallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantalapiedra" title="Cantalapiedra">Cantalapiedra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantalpino" title="Cantalpino">Cantalpino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantaracillo" title="Cantaracillo">Cantaracillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbajosa_de_la_Sagrada" title="Carbajosa de la Sagrada">Carbajosa de la Sagrada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carpio_de_Azaba" title="Carpio de Azaba">Carpio de Azaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrascal_de_Barregas" title="Carrascal de Barregas">Carrascal de Barregas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrascal_del_Obispo" title="Carrascal del Obispo">Carrascal del Obispo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casafranca" title="Casafranca">Casafranca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casillas_de_Flores" title="Casillas de Flores">Casillas de Flores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castellanos_de_Moriscos" title="Castellanos de Moriscos">Castellanos de Moriscos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castellanos_de_Villiquera" title="Castellanos de Villiquera">Castellanos de Villiquera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castillejo_de_Mart%C3%ADn_Viejo" title="Castillejo de Martín Viejo">Castillejo de Martín Viejo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castraz" title="Castraz">Castraz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cepeda,_Salamanca" title="Cepeda, Salamanca">Cepeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cereceda_de_la_Sierra" title="Cereceda de la Sierra">Cereceda de la Sierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerezal_de_Pe%C3%B1ahorcada" title="Cerezal de Peñahorcada">Cerezal de Peñahorcada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerralbo" title="Cerralbo">Cerralbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cespedosa_de_Tormes" title="Cespedosa de Tormes">Cespedosa de Tormes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chagarc%C3%ADa_Medianero" title="Chagarcía Medianero">Chagarcía Medianero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cilleros_de_la_Bastida" title="Cilleros de la Bastida">Cilleros de la Bastida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cip%C3%A9rez" title="Cipérez">Cipérez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciudad_Rodrigo" title="Ciudad Rodrigo">Ciudad Rodrigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coca_de_Alba" title="Coca de Alba">Coca de Alba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colmenar_de_Montemayor" title="Colmenar de Montemayor">Colmenar de Montemayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cordovilla" title="Cordovilla">Cordovilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crist%C3%B3bal_de_la_Sierra" title="Cristóbal de la Sierra">Cristóbal de la Sierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dios_le_Guarde" title="Dios le Guarde">Dios le Guarde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Do%C3%B1inos_de_Ledesma" title="Doñinos de Ledesma">Doñinos de Ledesma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Do%C3%B1inos_de_Salamanca" title="Doñinos de Salamanca">Doñinos de Salamanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89jeme" title="Éjeme">Éjeme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Arco,_Salamanca" title="El Arco, Salamanca">El Arco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Bod%C3%B3n" title="El Bodón">El Bodón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Cabaco" title="El Cabaco">El Cabaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Campo_de_Pe%C3%B1aranda" title="El Campo de Peñaranda">El Campo de Peñaranda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Cerro" title="El Cerro">El Cerro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Cubo_de_Don_Sancho" title="El Cubo de Don Sancho">El Cubo de Don Sancho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Manzano" title="El Manzano">El Manzano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Ma%C3%ADllo" title="El Maíllo">El Maíllo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Milano" title="El Milano">El Milano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Payo" title="El Payo">El Payo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Pedroso_de_la_Armu%C3%B1a" title="El Pedroso de la Armuña">El Pedroso de la Armuña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Pino_de_Tormes" title="El Pino de Tormes">El Pino de Tormes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Sahugo" title="El Sahugo">El Sahugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Tejado" title="El Tejado">El Tejado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Tornadizo" title="El Tornadizo">El Tornadizo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encina_de_San_Silvestre" title="Encina de San Silvestre">Encina de San Silvestre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encinas_de_Abajo" title="Encinas de Abajo">Encinas de Abajo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encinas_de_Arriba" title="Encinas de Arriba">Encinas de Arriba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encinasola_de_los_Comendadores" title="Encinasola de los Comendadores">Encinasola de los Comendadores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endrinal" title="Endrinal">Endrinal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escurial_de_la_Sierra" title="Escurial de la Sierra">Escurial de la Sierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Espada%C3%B1a" title="Espadaña">Espadaña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Espeja" title="Espeja">Espeja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Espino_de_la_Orbada" title="Espino de la Orbada">Espino de la Orbada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida_de_Li%C3%A9bana" title="Florida de Liébana">Florida de Liébana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forfoleda" title="Forfoleda">Forfoleda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frades_de_la_Sierra" title="Frades de la Sierra">Frades de la Sierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresnedoso" title="Fresnedoso">Fresnedoso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresno_Alh%C3%A1ndiga" title="Fresno Alhándiga">Fresno Alhándiga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuenteguinaldo" title="Fuenteguinaldo">Fuenteguinaldo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuenteliante" title="Fuenteliante">Fuenteliante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuenterroble_de_Salvatierra" title="Fuenterroble de Salvatierra">Fuenterroble de Salvatierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuentes_de_B%C3%A9jar" title="Fuentes de Béjar">Fuentes de Béjar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro" title="Fuentes de Oñoro">Fuentes de Oñoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gajates" title="Gajates">Gajates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galindo_y_Perahuy" title="Galindo y Perahuy">Galindo y Perahuy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galinduste" title="Galinduste">Galinduste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galisancho" title="Galisancho">Galisancho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallegos_de_Arga%C3%B1%C3%A1n" title="Gallegos de Argañán">Gallegos de Argañán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallegos_de_Solmir%C3%B3n" title="Gallegos de Solmirón">Gallegos de Solmirón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garcibuey" title="Garcibuey">Garcibuey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garcihern%C3%A1ndez" title="Garcihernández">Garcihernández</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garcirrey" title="Garcirrey">Garcirrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gejuelo_del_Barro" title="Gejuelo del Barro">Gejuelo del Barro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golpejas" title="Golpejas">Golpejas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gomecello" title="Gomecello">Gomecello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadramiro" title="Guadramiro">Guadramiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guijo_de_%C3%81vila" title="Guijo de Ávila">Guijo de Ávila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guijuelo" title="Guijuelo">Guijuelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herguijuela_de_Ciudad_Rodrigo" title="Herguijuela de Ciudad Rodrigo">Herguijuela de Ciudad Rodrigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herguijuela_de_la_Sierra" title="Herguijuela de la Sierra">Herguijuela de la Sierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herguijuela_del_Campo" title="Herguijuela del Campo">Herguijuela del Campo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinojosa_de_Duero" title="Hinojosa de Duero">Hinojosa de Duero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horcajo_Medianero" title="Horcajo Medianero">Horcajo Medianero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horcajo_de_Montemayor" title="Horcajo de Montemayor">Horcajo de Montemayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huerta,_Salamanca" title="Huerta, Salamanca">Huerta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iruelos" title="Iruelos">Iruelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ituero_de_Azaba" title="Ituero de Azaba">Ituero de Azaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juzbado" title="Juzbado">Juzbado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Alameda_de_Gard%C3%B3n" title="La Alameda de Gardón">La Alameda de Gardón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Alamedilla" title="La Alamedilla">La Alamedilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Alberca" title="La Alberca">La Alberca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Alberguer%C3%ADa_de_Arga%C3%B1%C3%A1n" title="La Alberguería de Argañán">La Alberguería de Argañán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Atalaya,_Salamanca" title="La Atalaya, Salamanca">La Atalaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Bastida" title="La Bastida">La Bastida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Bouza" title="La Bouza">La Bouza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Cabeza_de_B%C3%A9jar" title="La Cabeza de Béjar">La Cabeza de Béjar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Calzada_de_B%C3%A9jar" title="La Calzada de Béjar">La Calzada de Béjar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Encina" title="La Encina">La Encina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Fregeneda" title="La Fregeneda">La Fregeneda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Fuente_de_San_Esteban" title="La Fuente de San Esteban">La Fuente de San Esteban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Hoya,_Salamanca" title="La Hoya, Salamanca">La Hoya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Mata_de_Ledesma" title="La Mata de Ledesma">La Mata de Ledesma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Maya" title="La Maya">La Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Orbada" title="La Orbada">La Orbada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Pe%C3%B1a,_Salamanca" title="La Peña, Salamanca">La Peña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Redonda" title="La Redonda">La Redonda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Rinconada_de_la_Sierra" title="La Rinconada de la Sierra">La Rinconada de la Sierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Sagrada" title="La Sagrada">La Sagrada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Sierpe,_Spain" title="La Sierpe, Spain">La Sierpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Tala" title="La Tala">La Tala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Vell%C3%A9s" title="La Vellés">La Vellés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_V%C3%ADdola" title="La Vídola">La Vídola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Zarza_de_Pumareda" title="La Zarza de Pumareda">La Zarza de Pumareda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lagunilla" title="Lagunilla">Lagunilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larrodrigo" title="Larrodrigo">Larrodrigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Casas_del_Conde" title="Las Casas del Conde">Las Casas del Conde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Veguillas" title="Las Veguillas">Las Veguillas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ledesma,_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n" title="Ledesma, Castile and León">Ledesma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ledrada" title="Ledrada">Ledrada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linares_de_Riofr%C3%ADo" title="Linares de Riofrío">Linares de Riofrío</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Santos,_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n" title="Los Santos, Castile and León">Los Santos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumbrales" title="Lumbrales">Lumbrales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machac%C3%B3n" title="Machacón">Machacón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macotera" title="Macotera">Macotera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madro%C3%B1al" title="Madroñal">Madroñal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malpartida" title="Malpartida">Malpartida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mancera_de_Abajo" title="Mancera de Abajo">Mancera de Abajo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martiago" title="Martiago">Martiago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martinamor" title="Martinamor">Martinamor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_de_Yeltes" title="Martín de Yeltes">Martín de Yeltes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masueco" title="Masueco">Masueco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matilla_de_los_Ca%C3%B1os_del_R%C3%ADo" title="Matilla de los Caños del Río">Matilla de los Caños del Río</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Membribe_de_la_Sierra" title="Membribe de la Sierra">Membribe de la Sierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mieza,_Spain" title="Mieza, Spain">Mieza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miranda_de_Az%C3%A1n" title="Miranda de Azán">Miranda de Azán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miranda_del_Casta%C3%B1ar" title="Miranda del Castañar">Miranda del Castañar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mogarraz" title="Mogarraz">Mogarraz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molinillo,_Spain" title="Molinillo, Spain">Molinillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monforte_de_la_Sierra" title="Monforte de la Sierra">Monforte de la Sierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monleras" title="Monleras">Monleras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monle%C3%B3n" title="Monleón">Monleón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monsagro" title="Monsagro">Monsagro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montejo,_Salamanca" title="Montejo, Salamanca">Montejo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montemayor_del_R%C3%ADo" title="Montemayor del Río">Montemayor del Río</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monterrubio_de_Armu%C3%B1a" title="Monterrubio de Armuña">Monterrubio de Armuña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monterrubio_de_la_Sierra" title="Monterrubio de la Sierra">Monterrubio de la Sierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morasverdes" title="Morasverdes">Morasverdes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morille" title="Morille">Morille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moriscos,_Salamanca" title="Moriscos, Salamanca">Moriscos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moronta" title="Moronta">Moronta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mor%C3%AD%C3%B1igo" title="Moríñigo">Moríñigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moz%C3%A1rbez" title="Mozárbez">Mozárbez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narros_de_Matalayegua" title="Narros de Matalayegua">Narros de Matalayegua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nava_de_B%C3%A9jar" title="Nava de Béjar">Nava de Béjar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nava_de_Francia" title="Nava de Francia">Nava de Francia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nava_de_Sotrobal" title="Nava de Sotrobal">Nava de Sotrobal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navacarros" title="Navacarros">Navacarros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navales" title="Navales">Navales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navalmoral_de_B%C3%A9jar" title="Navalmoral de Béjar">Navalmoral de Béjar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navamorales" title="Navamorales">Navamorales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navarredonda_de_la_Rinconada" title="Navarredonda de la Rinconada">Navarredonda de la Rinconada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navasfr%C3%ADas" title="Navasfrías">Navasfrías</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negrilla_de_Palencia" title="Negrilla de Palencia">Negrilla de Palencia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olmedo_de_Camaces" title="Olmedo de Camaces">Olmedo de Camaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pajares_de_la_Laguna" title="Pajares de la Laguna">Pajares de la Laguna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palacios_del_Arzobispo" title="Palacios del Arzobispo">Palacios del Arzobispo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palaciosrubios" title="Palaciosrubios">Palaciosrubios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palencia_de_Negrilla" title="Palencia de Negrilla">Palencia de Negrilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parada_de_Arriba" title="Parada de Arriba">Parada de Arriba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parada_de_Rubiales" title="Parada de Rubiales">Parada de Rubiales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradinas_de_San_Juan" title="Paradinas de San Juan">Paradinas de San Juan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastores,_Salamanca" title="Pastores, Salamanca">Pastores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedraza_de_Alba" title="Pedraza de Alba">Pedraza de Alba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedrosillo_de_Alba" title="Pedrosillo de Alba">Pedrosillo de Alba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedrosillo_de_los_Aires" title="Pedrosillo de los Aires">Pedrosillo de los Aires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedrosillo_el_Ralo" title="Pedrosillo el Ralo">Pedrosillo el Ralo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelabravo" title="Pelabravo">Pelabravo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelarrodr%C3%ADguez" title="Pelarrodríguez">Pelarrodríguez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelayos" title="Pelayos">Pelayos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peralejos_de_Abajo" title="Peralejos de Abajo">Peralejos de Abajo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peralejos_de_Arriba" title="Peralejos de Arriba">Peralejos de Arriba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pere%C3%B1a_de_la_Ribera" title="Pereña de la Ribera">Pereña de la Ribera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peromingo" title="Peromingo">Peromingo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pe%C3%B1acaballera" title="Peñacaballera">Peñacaballera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pe%C3%B1aparda" title="Peñaparda">Peñaparda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pe%C3%B1aranda_de_Bracamonte" title="Peñaranda de Bracamonte">Peñaranda de Bracamonte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pe%C3%B1arandilla" title="Peñarandilla">Peñarandilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinedas" title="Pinedas">Pinedas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitiegua" title="Pitiegua">Pitiegua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pizarral" title="Pizarral">Pizarral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poveda_de_las_Cintas" title="Poveda de las Cintas">Poveda de las Cintas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pozos_de_Hinojo" title="Pozos de Hinojo">Pozos de Hinojo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puebla_de_Azaba" title="Puebla de Azaba">Puebla de Azaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puebla_de_San_Medel" title="Puebla de San Medel">Puebla de San Medel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puebla_de_Yeltes" title="Puebla de Yeltes">Puebla de Yeltes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puente_del_Congosto" title="Puente del Congosto">Puente del Congosto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puertas" title="Puertas">Puertas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Seguro" title="Puerto Seguro">Puerto Seguro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_de_B%C3%A9jar" title="Puerto de Béjar">Puerto de Béjar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retortillo" title="Retortillo">Retortillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robleda" title="Robleda">Robleda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robliza_de_Cojos" title="Robliza de Cojos">Robliza de Cojos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roll%C3%A1n" title="Rollán">Rollán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A1gama" title="Rágama">Rágama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saelices_el_Chico" title="Saelices el Chico">Saelices el Chico</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Salamanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saldeana" title="Saldeana">Saldeana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmoral" title="Salmoral">Salmoral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvatierra_de_Tormes" title="Salvatierra de Tormes">Salvatierra de Tormes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_la_Cuesta" title="San Cristóbal de la Cuesta">San Cristóbal de la Cuesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Esteban_de_la_Sierra" title="San Esteban de la Sierra">San Esteban de la Sierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Felices_de_los_Gallegos" title="San Felices de los Gallegos">San Felices de los Gallegos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Mart%C3%ADn_del_Casta%C3%B1ar" title="San Martín del Castañar">San Martín del Castañar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Miguel_de_Valero" title="San Miguel de Valero">San Miguel de Valero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Miguel_del_Robledo" title="San Miguel del Robledo">San Miguel del Robledo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Morales" title="San Morales">San Morales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Mu%C3%B1oz" title="San Muñoz">San Muñoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Pedro_de_Rozados" title="San Pedro de Rozados">San Pedro de Rozados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Pedro_del_Valle" title="San Pedro del Valle">San Pedro del Valle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Pelayo_de_Guare%C3%B1a" title="San Pelayo de Guareña">San Pelayo de Guareña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanchotello" title="Sanchotello">Sanchotello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanch%C3%B3n_de_la_Ribera" title="Sanchón de la Ribera">Sanchón de la Ribera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanch%C3%B3n_de_la_Sagrada" title="Sanchón de la Sagrada">Sanchón de la Sagrada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sancti-Sp%C3%ADritus,_Salamanca" title="Sancti-Spíritus, Salamanca">Sancti-Spíritus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sando,_Salamanca" title="Sando, Salamanca">Sando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Marta_de_Tormes" title="Santa Marta de Tormes">Santa Marta de Tormes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_de_Sando" title="Santa María de Sando">Santa María de Sando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_la_Puebla" title="Santiago de la Puebla">Santiago de la Puebla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santib%C3%A1%C3%B1ez_de_B%C3%A9jar" title="Santibáñez de Béjar">Santibáñez de Béjar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santib%C3%A1%C3%B1ez_de_la_Sierra" title="Santibáñez de la Sierra">Santibáñez de la Sierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santiz" title="Santiz">Santiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sard%C3%B3n_de_los_Frailes" title="Sardón de los Frailes">Sardón de los Frailes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saucelle" title="Saucelle">Saucelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sepulcro-Hilario" title="Sepulcro-Hilario">Sepulcro-Hilario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sequeros" title="Sequeros">Sequeros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serradilla_del_Arroyo" title="Serradilla del Arroyo">Serradilla del Arroyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serradilla_del_Llano" title="Serradilla del Llano">Serradilla del Llano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sieteiglesias_de_Tormes" title="Sieteiglesias de Tormes">Sieteiglesias de Tormes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobradillo,_Salamanca" title="Sobradillo, Salamanca">Sobradillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorihuela" title="Sorihuela">Sorihuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sotoserrano" title="Sotoserrano">Sotoserrano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabera_de_Abajo" title="Tabera de Abajo">Tabera de Abajo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamames" title="Tamames">Tamames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarazona_de_Guare%C3%B1a" title="Tarazona de Guareña">Tarazona de Guareña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tard%C3%A1guila" title="Tardáguila">Tardáguila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tejeda_y_Segoyuela" title="Tejeda y Segoyuela">Tejeda y Segoyuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenebr%C3%B3n" title="Tenebrón">Tenebrón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terradillos" title="Terradillos">Terradillos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topas,_Salamanca" title="Topas, Salamanca">Topas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tordillos" title="Tordillos">Tordillos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torresmenudas" title="Torresmenudas">Torresmenudas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trabanca" title="Trabanca">Trabanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tremedal_de_Tormes" title="Tremedal de Tormes">Tremedal de Tormes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valdecarros" title="Valdecarros">Valdecarros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valdefuentes_de_Sangus%C3%ADn" title="Valdefuentes de Sangusín">Valdefuentes de Sangusín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valdehijaderos" title="Valdehijaderos">Valdehijaderos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valdelacasa" title="Valdelacasa">Valdelacasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valdelageve" title="Valdelageve">Valdelageve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valdelosa" title="Valdelosa">Valdelosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valdemierque" title="Valdemierque">Valdemierque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valderrodrigo" title="Valderrodrigo">Valderrodrigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valdunciel" title="Valdunciel">Valdunciel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valero,_Salamanca" title="Valero, Salamanca">Valero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallejera_de_Riofr%C3%ADo" title="Vallejera de Riofrío">Vallejera de Riofrío</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valsalabroso" title="Valsalabroso">Valsalabroso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valverde_de_Valdelacasa" title="Valverde de Valdelacasa">Valverde de Valdelacasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valverd%C3%B3n" title="Valverdón">Valverdón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vecinos,_Salamanca" title="Vecinos, Salamanca">Vecinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vega_de_Tirados" title="Vega de Tirados">Vega de Tirados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventosa_del_R%C3%ADo_Almar" title="Ventosa del Río Almar">Ventosa del Río Almar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villaflores,_Salamanca" title="Villaflores, Salamanca">Villaflores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villagonzalo_de_Tormes" title="Villagonzalo de Tormes">Villagonzalo de Tormes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villalba_de_los_Llanos" title="Villalba de los Llanos">Villalba de los Llanos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villamayor" title="Villamayor">Villamayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villanueva_del_Conde" title="Villanueva del Conde">Villanueva del Conde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villar_de_Arga%C3%B1%C3%A1n" title="Villar de Argañán">Villar de Argañán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villar_de_Ciervo" title="Villar de Ciervo">Villar de Ciervo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villar_de_Gallimazo" title="Villar de Gallimazo">Villar de Gallimazo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villar_de_Peralonso" title="Villar de Peralonso">Villar de Peralonso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villar_de_Samaniego" title="Villar de Samaniego">Villar de Samaniego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villar_de_la_Yegua" title="Villar de la Yegua">Villar de la Yegua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villares_de_Yeltes" title="Villares de Yeltes">Villares de Yeltes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villares_de_la_Reina" title="Villares de la Reina">Villares de la Reina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villarino_de_los_Aires" title="Villarino de los Aires">Villarino de los Aires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villarmayor" title="Villarmayor">Villarmayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villarmuerto" title="Villarmuerto">Villarmuerto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villasbuenas" title="Villasbuenas">Villasbuenas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villasdardo" title="Villasdardo">Villasdardo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villaseco_de_los_Gamitos" title="Villaseco de los Gamitos">Villaseco de los Gamitos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villaseco_de_los_Reyes" title="Villaseco de los Reyes">Villaseco de los Reyes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villasrubias" title="Villasrubias">Villasrubias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villaverde_de_Guare%C3%B1a" title="Villaverde de Guareña">Villaverde de Guareña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villavieja_de_Yeltes" title="Villavieja de Yeltes">Villavieja de Yeltes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villoria" title="Villoria">Villoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villoruela" title="Villoruela">Villoruela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilvestre" title="Vilvestre">Vilvestre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitigudino" title="Vitigudino">Vitigudino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yecla_de_Yeltes" title="Yecla de Yeltes">Yecla de Yeltes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamarra" title="Zamarra">Zamarra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamay%C3%B3n" title="Zamayón">Zamayón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zarapicos" title="Zarapicos">Zarapicos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zorita_de_la_Frontera" title="Zorita de la Frontera">Zorita de la Frontera</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Castile and León"><img alt="Castile and León" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n.svg/50px-Flag_of_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n.svg/75px-Flag_of_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n.svg/100px-Flag_of_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Capitals_of_provinces_of_Spain" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Capitals_of_Provinces_in_Spain" title="Template:Capitals of Provinces in Spain"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Capitals_of_Provinces_in_Spain" title="Template talk:Capitals of Provinces in Spain"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Capitals_of_Provinces_in_Spain" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Capitals of Provinces in Spain"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Capitals_of_provinces_of_Spain" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Capitals of <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Spain" title="Provinces of Spain">provinces</a> of <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_Coru%C3%B1a" title="A Coruña">A Coruña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albacete" title="Albacete">Albacete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alicante" title="Alicante">Alicante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almer%C3%ADa" title="Almería">Almería</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81vila" title="Ávila">Ávila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badajoz" title="Badajoz">Badajoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bilbao" title="Bilbao">Bilbao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burgos" title="Burgos">Burgos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A1ceres,_Spain" title="Cáceres, Spain">Cáceres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A1diz" title="Cádiz">Cádiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castell%C3%B3n_de_la_Plana" title="Castellón de la Plana">Castellón de la Plana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciudad_Real" title="Ciudad Real">Ciudad Real</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%B3rdoba,_Spain" title="Córdoba, Spain">Córdoba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuenca,_Spain" title="Cuenca, Spain">Cuenca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girona" title="Girona">Girona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granada" title="Granada">Granada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadalajara,_Spain" title="Guadalajara, Spain">Guadalajara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huelva" title="Huelva">Huelva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huesca" title="Huesca">Huesca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ja%C3%A9n,_Spain" title="Jaén, Spain">Jaén</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logro%C3%B1o" title="Logroño">Logroño</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas" title="Las Palmas">Las Palmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le%C3%B3n,_Spain" title="León, Spain">León</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lleida" title="Lleida">Lleida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lugo" title="Lugo">Lugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1laga" title="Málaga">Málaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murcia" title="Murcia">Murcia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ourense" title="Ourense">Ourense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oviedo" title="Oviedo">Oviedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palencia" title="Palencia">Palencia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palma_de_Mallorca" title="Palma de Mallorca">Palma de Mallorca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamplona" title="Pamplona">Pamplona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontevedra" title="Pontevedra">Pontevedra</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Salamanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Sebasti%C3%A1n" title="San Sebastián">San Sebastián</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santander,_Spain" title="Santander, Spain">Santander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segovia" title="Segovia">Segovia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seville" title="Seville">Seville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soria" title="Soria">Soria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarragona" title="Tarragona">Tarragona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teruel" title="Teruel">Teruel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Spain" title="Toledo, Spain">Toledo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valencia" title="Valencia">Valencia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valladolid" title="Valladolid">Valladolid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitoria-Gasteiz" title="Vitoria-Gasteiz">Vitoria-Gasteiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamora,_Spain" title="Zamora, Spain">Zamora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaragoza" title="Zaragoza">Zaragoza</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Spain"><img alt="Flag of Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/50px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/75px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/100px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15695#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15695#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15695#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/157093141">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJppwWyPD83RwcPwDcvfv3">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4118281-9">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79056177">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Salamanca (Španělsko)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge130724&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX451436">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007561801405171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/91849d7e-ab8a-4978-a9d1-369b25ad75c1">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/236642">Pleiades</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&oldid=1248556797">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&oldid=1248556797</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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