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href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class="">Donate</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=ShotSpotter" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class="">Create account</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=ShotSpotter" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. 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id="toc-Accuracy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accuracy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Accuracy </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Accuracy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Accuracy subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Accuracy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Individual_case" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Individual_case"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Individual case </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Individual_case-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Design" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Design"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Design </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Design-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Installations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Installations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Installations </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Installations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Installations subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Installations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Current" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Current </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pending" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pending"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Pending </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pending-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Declined_installations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American gunfire locator technology company</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">SoundThinking, Inc.</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="/wiki/File:ShotSpotter_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/ShotSpotter_logo.svg/220px-ShotSpotter_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/ShotSpotter_logo.svg/330px-ShotSpotter_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/ShotSpotter_logo.svg/440px-ShotSpotter_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1551" data-file-height="212" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Former logo</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formerly</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">ShotSpotter Inc.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Public_company" title="Public company">Public</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Ticker_symbol" title="Ticker symbol">Traded as</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nasdaq" title="Nasdaq">Nasdaq</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasdaq.com/market-activity/stocks/ssti">SSTI</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Security_industry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Security industry (page does not exist)">Security</a> <a href="/wiki/Technology_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Technology industry">technology</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1996; 28 years ago (1996)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent">Robert Showen</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Fremont,_California" title="Fremont, California">Fremont, California</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Areas served</div></th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Ralph Clark (<a href="/wiki/President_(corporate_title)" title="President (corporate title)">president</a> & <a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEO</a>)</li><li>Pascal Levensohn (<a href="/wiki/Chairman" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairman">chairman</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>92.72 million (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> US$−1.24 million (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> US$−2.72 million (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> US$138.7 million (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Equity_(finance)" title="Equity (finance)">Total equity</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> US$74.76 million (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">312 (December 2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://soundthinking.com">soundthinking.com</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below">Footnotes / references <a href="#cite_note-10K-2022-1">[1]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> SoundThinking, Inc. (formerly ShotSpotter Inc.) is an American security technology company based in Fremont, California. The company is publicly traded, and is known for its <a href="/wiki/Gunfire_locator" title="Gunfire locator">gunfire locator</a> service.<a href="#cite_note-wapo-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-vm-3">[3]</a> ShotSpotter claims it can identify whether or not a gunshot was fired in an area in order to dispatch <a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement" title="Law enforcement">law enforcement</a>, though researchers have noted concerns about effectiveness, reliability, privacy, and equity. The company has been partnering with cities and police since 1997, and as of 2022 has been utilized by more than 130 cities and law enforcement agencies in the US.<a href="#cite_note-wapo-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=ShotSpotter&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> ShotSpotter was founded by Robert Showen in the 1990s while he was working for <a href="/wiki/SRI_International" title="SRI International">SRI International</a>. He created a company in 1996 and tested prototypes in <a href="/wiki/Redwood_City,_California" title="Redwood City, California">Redwood City, California</a>. Its early success was described by <a href="/wiki/Wired_(magazine)" title="Wired (magazine)">Wired</a> as being "due to good PR, not good technology." James Beldock joined as <a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEO</a> in 2003 as a "turnaround specialist"; in 2005 the company merged with Centurist Systems, which was creating acoustic <a href="/wiki/Sniper" title="Sniper">sniper</a> location systems for the military; Centurist held a "deceptively simple patent" for the location algorithm. Centurist's CEO, Scott Manderville, became chairman of the board.<a href="#cite_note-nyt2012-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-2020_10k-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-mili_Guns-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-bizj_Shot-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-wire_Shot-9">[9]</a> As of 2021, the acoustic locator technology was installed in 125 cities and 14 campuses, covering 911 square miles.<a href="#cite_note-10K-10">[10]</a>: 4  The locators are typically installed at 20–25 sensors per square mile and primarily connected via <a href="/wiki/4G" title="4G">4G</a> networks (mostly <a href="/wiki/AT%26T" title="AT&T">AT&T</a> and <a href="/wiki/Verizon_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Verizon Communications">Verizon</a>).<a href="#cite_note-10K-10">[10]</a>: 39  In 2020, Chicago was 18% of the company's revenue, and New York City was 15%.<a href="#cite_note-2020_10k-6">[6]</a> Ralph Clark was named CEO of ShotSpotter in 2010. The company went public in June 2017. The company authorized a <a href="/wiki/Share_repurchase" title="Share repurchase">stock buyback</a> program in 2019 and bought back $8.3 million by the end of 2020.<a href="#cite_note-2020_10k-6">[6]</a> The company's <a href="/wiki/Revenue" title="Revenue">gross revenues</a> were $58.2 million in 2021 (increased coverage by 49 square miles and 10 cities), up from $45.7 million in 2020 and from $40.8 million in 2019 (increased coverage by 82 square miles and 6 cities).<a href="#cite_note-10K-10">[10]</a> The company had a net loss of $4.4 million in 2021, in part from nonrenewal of contracts and increases in legal costs, PR from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trident_DMG&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trident DMG (page does not exist)">Trident DMG</a>, and lobbying.<a href="#cite_note-jl07-11">[11]</a> <a href="/wiki/Toronto,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Toronto, Ontario">Toronto, Ontario</a> has declined to use the technology, as the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_the_Solicitor_General_(Ontario)" title="Ministry of the Solicitor General (Ontario)">Ministry of the Solicitor General (Ontario)</a> believes it violates <a href="/wiki/Section_8_of_the_Canadian_Charter_of_Rights_and_Freedoms" title="Section 8 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms">Section 8 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms</a>. The company previously provided indoor gunfire locator technology, but discontinued it in 2018.<a href="#cite_note-2020_10k-6">[6]</a> ShotSpotter illegally lobbied the city of <a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland, California</a> in 2014 and received a $5000 fine.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> In April 2023, the company rebranded to SoundThinking to better represent "holistic approach to gun violence", but retained the ShotSpotter product name.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> In July 2023, a <a href="/wiki/Houston_Chronicle" title="Houston Chronicle">Houston Chronicle</a> investigation showed that ShotSpotter calls resulted in lower incident report rates and longer police response times. Over 80% of ShotSpotter alerts were false positives or otherwise useless. The almost 5500 alerts led to 99 arrests and 126 charges, about half of which were misdemeanors. A disproportionate number of residents in coverage areas are people of color. The <a href="/wiki/Houston_Police_Department" title="Houston Police Department">Houston Police Department</a> cast the system as a way to invest in historically marginalized areas.<a href="#cite_note-hc-16">[16]</a> In May 2023, Houston mayor John Whitmire said "I think it’s a gimmick. A feel-good program. Most law enforcement officers do not support ShotSpotter. I don’t support it." The city's contract goes through 2027, but Whitmire wants to terminate it early.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> In an August 2023 <a href="/wiki/Earnings_call" title="Earnings call">earnings call</a>, the CEO of SoundThinking announced that the company had begun the process of absorbing parts (including the "engineering team") of <a href="/wiki/Geolitica" title="Geolitica">Geolitica</a>, formerly known as PredPol.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> The company spent nearly $24 million in sales and marketing in 2023.<a href="#cite_note-aclum-20">[20]</a> In May 2024, three senators and a representative wrote a letter requesting the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Homeland_Security_Office_of_Inspector_General" title="Department of Homeland Security Office of Inspector General">Department of Homeland Security Office of Inspector General</a> open an investigation into ShotSpotter for its accuracy and racial bias in policing.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Studies">Studies</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=ShotSpotter&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Studies">edit</a>]</div> A June 2021 study in the <a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Experimental_Criminology" title="Journal of Experimental Criminology">Journal of Experimental Criminology</a> stated the system "may be of little benefit to police agencies with a pre-existing high call volume. Our results indicate no reductions in serious violent crimes, yet [ShotSpotter] increases demands on police resources."<a href="#cite_note-MaresBlackburn2020-23">[23]</a> An October 2021 paper in the <a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Urban_Health" title="Journal of Urban Health">Journal of Urban Health</a>, studying the <a href="/wiki/Longitudinal_study" title="Longitudinal study">longitudinal</a> effects of ShotSpotter over a 17 year period, found "implementing ShotSpotter technology has no significant impact on firearm-related homicides or arrest outcomes. Policy solutions may represent a more cost-effective measure to reduce urban firearm violence."<a href="#cite_note-pmid33929640-24">[24]</a> In 2021 the NYU School of Law Policing Project published "Measuring the effects of ShotSpotter on Gunfire in St. Louis County, Mo", a paper which indicated a significant drop in gun violence in the area; however, the paper also discloses that ShotSpotter "has provided the Policing Project with unrestricted funding".<a href="#cite_note-stat_-25">[25]</a> A 2024 <a href="/wiki/Northeastern_University" title="Northeastern University">Northeastern University</a> study showed that ShotSpotter increased detection of gunfire, but did not result in a reduction of gun violence or an increase in gunshot crime case clearance.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> <a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Doleac" title="Jennifer Doleac">Jennifer Doleac</a> told <a href="/wiki/Voice_of_San_Diego" title="Voice of San Diego">Voice of San Diego</a> that ShotSpotter "resisted attempts (by me and others) to do a rigorous evaluation of its impacts", noting "they've clearly found that they can get cities to sign their contracts without such evidence."<a href="#cite_note-vsd-27">[27]</a> A 2024 audit from the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Comptroller" title="New York City Comptroller">New York City Comptroller</a> found the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Police_Department" title="New York City Police Department">New York City Police Department</a> (NYPD) officers' time was wasted 87 percent of the time by going to false alarms or unconfirmed sounds. It also stated that NYPD was over-representing the benefits of the system in reducing response times. Comptroller <a href="/wiki/Brad_Lander" title="Brad Lander">Brad Lander</a> said "NYPD is wasting precious time and money on this technology and needs to do a better job managing its resources. Chasing down car backfires and construction noise does not make us safer."<a href="#cite_note-compaud-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> Activist and early supporter of the ShotSpotter installation <a href="/wiki/Jumaane_Williams" title="Jumaane Williams">Jumaane Williams</a> agreed it wasn't working, stating "More concerning is a response to the report. Even the recommendations that say, 'let's try to make it better,' the most material of the recommendations were outright rejected by this administration."<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Accuracy">Accuracy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=ShotSpotter&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Accuracy">edit</a>]</div> As of 2021, ShotSpotter evidence has been used in 190 court cases, though it is often withdrawn when challenged. ShotSpotter has admitted it manually alters the computer-calculated evidence "on a semiregular basis", and it has never been independently tested, leading to doubts about its accuracy. Vice's <a href="/wiki/Motherboard_(Vice)" class="mw-redirect" title="Motherboard (Vice)">Motherboard</a> noted that ShotSpotter "frequently modify alerts at the request of police departments." <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> also noted their "methods for identifying gunshots aren't always guided solely by the technology."<a href="#cite_note-ap20210819-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-forb_were-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-vm-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> While the company claims a 97% accuracy rate, the <a href="/wiki/J._Roderick_MacArthur" title="J. Roderick MacArthur">MacArthur Justice Center</a> studied over 40,000 dispatches in an under-two-year period in Chicago and found that 89% of dispatches resulted in no gun-related crime, and 86% resulted in no crime at all.<a href="#cite_note-maca_Shot-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-endp_EndP-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-endp_-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-weigh-37">[37]</a> These results were backed up by a subsequent report by the Chicago <a href="/wiki/Inspector_general" title="Inspector general">Inspector General</a>, which also found that police officers had begun stopping and searching people solely because they were in a place known to have many ShotSpotter alerts.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> ShotSpotter's CEO described an earlier 80% accuracy rate as "basically our subscription warranty," but employee Paul Greene said "Our guarantee was put together by our sales and marketing department, not our engineers."<a href="#cite_note-sfex_Cour-39">[39]</a> A study published in January 2024 showed that ShotSpotter implementations in Chicago and Kansas City did not result in reductions in shootings or crime or increased clearance rates.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> The <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_Liberties_Union" title="American Civil Liberties Union">ACLU</a> has raised questions about privacy and surveillance, as the detectors keep hours or days of continuous audio.<a href="#cite_note-aclu0515-42">[42]</a> This audio has been admitted as evidence in at least one trial and rejected under a <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> wiretapping law in a 2017 case.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> When Forbes sent public records requests to agencies in 2016, ShotSpotter sent a memo to all of its customers, detailing how they should deny or redact the requests.<a href="#cite_note-forb_were-32">[32]</a> ACLU of Massachusetts noted evidence of gunfire is not found for 70% of alerts, and at least 10% of alerts are from fireworks.<a href="#cite_note-aclum-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> reviewed a confidential operations document that indicated 10% of the algorithm's decisions were overridden by a human.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> Additionally, the sensors are disproportionately placed in minority communities, leading to more interactions with police, often from false alerts from <a href="/wiki/Fireworks" title="Fireworks">fireworks</a>, pneumatic <a href="/wiki/Nail_gun" title="Nail gun">nail guns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jackhammers" class="mw-redirect" title="Jackhammers">jackhammers</a>, manual <a href="/wiki/Hammer" title="Hammer">hammers</a>.<a href="#cite_note-aclum-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-vsd-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-jl07-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-vm-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-vm19-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-endp_-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-sout_TheS-47">[47]</a> In cities with cancelled contracts, ShotSpotter still provides alerts to police.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Individual_case">Individual case</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=ShotSpotter&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Individual case">edit</a>]</div> In April 2017, ShotSpotter was able to locate mass-shooter <a href="/wiki/2017_Fresno_shootings" title="2017 Fresno shootings">Kori Ali Muhammad</a>, enabling police to apprehend him within minutes.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> In 2017, <a href="/wiki/Rochester_Police_Department" title="Rochester Police Department">Rochester Police Department</a> officer Joseph Ferrigno shot Silvon Simmons in the back. Accounts between Ferrigno and Simmons vary, but ShotSpotter initially detected the gunshots as a helicopter. The company reclassified it as three gunshots "per the customer's instruction," then revised it to four shots. Later the company's employee Paul Greene "was asked by the Rochester Police department to essentially search and see if there were more shots fired than ShotSpotter picked up," so it was revised to five gunshots, which put it in alignment with Ferrigno's claims. The jury didn't believe ShotSpotter's evidence, and Judge Ciaccio overturned a gun possession charge, describing the ShotSpotter evidence as flawed. Simmons filed a civil lawsuit against ShotSpotter in 2017, for which (as of November 2023<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ShotSpotter&action=edit">[update]</a>) a jury trial is set for April 2024.<a href="#cite_note-vm-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-reut_Acop1-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-reut_ABla2-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-reut_AU.S3-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-reut_pdf-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-narr_HeWa-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Bundling_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">excessive citations</a>] Greene also testified in a 2018 case in Chicago where ShotSpotter initially reported two gunshots. On request of the Chicago Police Department, he re-analyzed and found seven gunshots. This matched the police department's account and was not supported by video or <a href="/wiki/Cartridge_(firearms)" title="Cartridge (firearms)">bullet casing</a> evidence.<a href="#cite_note-vm-3">[3]</a> Another case of reclassification occurred in 2020 with the arrest of a Chicago man for the shooting murder of Safarain Herring. ShotSpotter initially classified the sound as a firework, but a ShotSpotter employee changed it to gunfire a minute later, and later changed the calculated location to match the defendant's known location — over a mile away.<a href="#cite_note-ap20210819-31">[31]</a> A public defender in the case filed a <a href="/wiki/Frye_standard" title="Frye standard">Frye motion</a> to examine the ShotSpotter forensic method, and the prosecution withdrew the evidence to avoid scrutinizing it.<a href="#cite_note-vm-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-pdfh_Will-56">[56]</a> The MacArthur Center along with Lucy Parsons Labs filed an <a href="/wiki/Amicus_curiae" title="Amicus curiae">amicus curiae</a> in the case, supporting the Frye hearing, noting the false positives, the disproportionate deployment, and that "ShotSpotter provides a false technological justification for overpolicing."<a href="#cite_note-endp_-36">[36]</a> The defendant spent 11 months in jail before being released in 2021 when his case was dismissed for insufficient evidence.<a href="#cite_note-ap20210819-31">[31]</a> A ShotSpotter report of shots fired was the impetus for police response which resulted in <a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Adam_Toledo" title="Killing of Adam Toledo">the March 2021 police shooting death of 13-year-old Adam Toledo</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Police_Department" title="Chicago Police Department">Chicago Police Department</a>.<a href="#cite_note-vm-3">[3]</a> This is part of the reason Chicago did not continue its Shotspotter contract in 2024.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-cnrwgn-58">[58]</a> In <a href="/wiki/New_Bedford,_Massachusetts" title="New Bedford, Massachusetts">New Bedford, Massachusetts</a>, the gunshot sensors recorded parts of a conversation, leading to concerns that it violates <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution">Fourth Amendment</a> rights.<a href="#cite_note-nyt2012-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-sout_Shot-59">[59]</a> Remarking on these privacy concerns, in 2015 then-<a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Police_Department" title="New York City Police Department">NYPD</a> commissioner <a href="/wiki/William_Bratton" title="William Bratton">William Bratton</a> said "the advocates have to get a life." Bratton had been on ShotSpotter's Board of Directors before then, and rejoined it in 2017.<a href="#cite_note-shot_WILL-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-nyti_Brat-61">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-huff_NYPD-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-pand_TheN-63">[63]</a> In July 2022, the <a href="/wiki/J._Roderick_MacArthur" title="J. Roderick MacArthur">MacArthur Justice Center</a> brought a class action lawsuit against the <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">City of Chicago</a>, the Chicago Police Department, and several individual police officers for constitutional violations in connection with the use of ShotSpotter.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> The lawsuit alleges that more than 90% of the time police respond to a ShotSpotter alert they find no indication of a gun-related incident and instead use the alerts to justify scores of illegal stops and arrests.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> The lawsuit also alleges that Chicago's ShotSpotter policy is racially discriminatory because the system was only implemented in areas with the highest concentration of Black and Latino residents. Part of ShotSpotter's appeal to privacy is that ostensibly, police do not know the installed locations, which could otherwise allow police to acquire conversations from the ShotSpotter microphones. <a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_News" title="Bloomberg News">Bloomberg News</a> reported, however, that not only were location addresses given to the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Police_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Police Department">New York Police Department</a>, ShotSpotter actually relied on police to help lobby for their installations, and NYPD stated they have also accompanied ShotSpotter teams on site surveys.<a href="#cite_note-bloom2-66">[66]</a> In Durham, Shotspotter wanted police officers to lobby for installations for safety and legitimacy.<a href="#cite_note-wral-legit-67">[67]</a> In 2024, <a href="/wiki/Wired_(magazine)" title="Wired (magazine)">WIRED</a> received a leaked listing of precise installation locations for over 25,000 microphones, placing them in the neighborhoods of over 12 million Americans. Their analysis showed the sensors are installed in disproportionaly nonwhite neighborhoods, and determined roughly 10% of the sensors were defective. WIRED also noted sensors are installed on public schools, billboards, hospitals, in public housing complexes, and at the headquarters buildings of the FBI and USDOJ. Shortly after this it was revealed that SoundThinking is suing a whistleblower, Chris Edwards, who disclosed locations of ShotSpotter sensors to the public via social media. While it is not known if this is the Wired source it is very similar. Chris Edwards in turn has claimed that ShotSpotter internally "ShotSpotter is attempting to silence exposure of their toxic workplace environment, rampant sexual and mental harassment, as well as poor business processes which include fraudulent practices of manipulating their data to earn contract agreements with government and local agencies" In his motion, Edwards claimed to have witnessed that much of the ShotSpotter system “was broken, decayed and not maintained,” and that code violations were prevalent. Suspecting that a compromised system might not be “relaying the correct data” to customers, Edwards claimed he raised these concerns with his bosses. But according to Edwards’s legal filing, his bosses wrote those issues off. In his motion, Edwards claimed that John Fountain, ShotSpotter’s former director of field and network operations, told him to “falsify numbers on the deteriorated system to avoid” having to pay back money to cities and agencies for not meeting their contractual obligations. He also claimed, in an affidavit attached to his motion, that Fountain told him to “keep these things in-house” and to “stay out of business that has nothing to do with you.”<a href="#cite_note-wired25-68">[68]</a> ShotSpotter was activated for a shooting at the house of New Mexico Senator <a href="/wiki/Linda_M._Lopez" title="Linda M. Lopez">Linda M. Lopez</a>; police were dispatched but did not find evidence.<a href="#cite_note-npr17nmsp-69">[69]</a> Judge <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Beaverstock" title="Jeff Beaverstock">Jeff Beaverstock</a> allowed a ShotSpotter alert to be used as the basis of an arrest in <a href="/wiki/Mobile,_Alabama" title="Mobile, Alabama">Mobile, Alabama</a>.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pasadena,_California" title="Pasadena, California">Pasadena, California</a>'s use of ShotSpotter showed false alerts and wasted police time in a 2023 report. 75% of gunfire calls resulted in no gun casings being found, with some calls being attributed to <a href="/wiki/Nail_gun" title="Nail gun">pneumatic nail guns</a>, fireworks, or cars backfiring.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> In January 2024, a Chicago Police Department officer responding to a ShotSpotter alert heard a loud bang, fired at a juvenile boy, and missed. An initial police communication stated the boy had fired a gun at officers. After investigation, it was determined the loud noise were fireworks. The juvenile was not hit by the police in the shooting.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design">Design</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=ShotSpotter&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Design">edit</a>]</div> ShotSpotter's gunshot detection system utilizes a series of sensors to capture loud, impulsive sounds.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> When such sounds are identified, sensors send data to a pair of algorithms responsible for identifying a location and determining if the event can be classified as potential gunfire. Employees at the company are charged with confirming incidents and notifying local police.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> Although it is designed to be just an investigative tool for the police, it has also been used for actual primary evidence in trials, leading to criticism about ShotSpotter's effectiveness beyond its primary purpose.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Installations">Installations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=ShotSpotter&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Installations">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current">Current</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=ShotSpotter&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Current">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antioch,_California" title="Antioch, California">Antioch, California</a> (4 sq mi, $1.4 million sole-source five-year contract)<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakersfield,_California" title="Bakersfield, California">Bakersfield, California</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresno,_California" title="Fresno, California">Fresno, California</a> (17 sq mi, $2.6 million three-year contract)<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland, California</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasadena,_California" title="Pasadena, California">Pasadena, California</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento, California</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="San Diego, California">San Diego, California</a> (since 2016)<a href="#cite_note-vsd-27">[27]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartford,_Connecticut" title="Hartford, Connecticut">Hartford, Connecticut</a><a href="#cite_note-holy-87">[87]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver, Colorado</a><a href="#cite_note-9n-88">[88]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a> (over 500 installed sensors<a href="#cite_note-wired25-68">[68]</a>)<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami,_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami, Florida">Miami, Florida</a><a href="#cite_note-MiamiHerald2022-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibb_County,_Georgia" title="Bibb County, Georgia">Bibb County, Georgia</a> (7 square miles, since 2022, $2 million)<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savannah,_Georgia" title="Savannah, Georgia">Savannah, Georgia</a> (since 2014)<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmwood_Park,_Illinois" title="Elmwood Park, Illinois">Elmwood Park, Illinois</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peoria,_Illinois" title="Peoria, Illinois">Peoria, Illinois</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Illinois" title="Springfield, Illinois">Springfield, Illinois</a> ($450k/year, six square miles)<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville, Kentucky</a><a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore,_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore, Maryland">Baltimore, Maryland</a><a href="#cite_note-baltpilot-99">[99]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_County,_Maryland" title="Baltimore County, Maryland">Baltimore County, Maryland</a> ($738k/3 years, 5.2 sq mi)<a href="#cite_note-baltpilot-99">[99]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bladensburg,_Maryland" title="Bladensburg, Maryland">Bladensburg, Maryland</a><a href="#cite_note-baltpilot-99">[99]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Maryland" title="Cambridge, Maryland">Cambridge, Maryland</a><a href="#cite_note-baltpilot-99">[99]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Bedford,_Massachusetts" title="New Bedford, Massachusetts">New Bedford, Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsfield,_Massachusetts" title="Pittsfield, Massachusetts">Pittsfield, Massachusetts</a><a href="#cite_note-holy-87">[87]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Massachusetts" title="Springfield, Massachusetts">Springfield, Massachusetts</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge, Massachusetts</a><a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerville,_Massachusetts" title="Somerville, Massachusetts">Somerville, Massachusetts</a> (since at least 2017)<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit,_Michigan" class="mw-redirect" title="Detroit, Michigan">Detroit, Michigan</a> ($7 million phased installation in 2022, 32 sq mi)<a href="#cite_note-wdiv-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-f2d-105">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-dn11-107">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-weigh-37">[37]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Girardeau,_Missouri" title="Cape Girardeau, Missouri">Cape Girardeau, Missouri</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omaha,_Nebraska" title="Omaha, Nebraska">Omaha, Nebraska</a><a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas,_Nevada" class="mw-redirect" title="Las Vegas, Nevada">Las Vegas, Nevada</a> (over 500 installed sensors<a href="#cite_note-wired25-68">[68]</a>)<a href="#cite_note-spark-111">[111]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albuquerque,_New_Mexico" title="Albuquerque, New Mexico">Albuquerque, New Mexico</a> ($3 million, since 2020, over 500 installed sensors<a href="#cite_note-wired25-68">[68]</a>), called a "big fat waste of money" by the police union<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camden,_New_Jersey" title="Camden, New Jersey">Camden, New Jersey</a> (2020)<a href="#cite_note-phil-114">[114]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newark,_New_Jersey" title="Newark, New Jersey">Newark, New Jersey</a> (2011)<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trenton,_New_Jersey" title="Trenton, New Jersey">Trenton, New Jersey</a> (2020)<a href="#cite_note-phil-114">[114]</a></li> <li>New York City (over 2000 sensors)<a href="#cite_note-compaud-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-2020_10k-6">[6]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochester,_New_York" title="Rochester, New York">Rochester, New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syracuse,_New_York" title="Syracuse, New York">Syracuse, New York</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati,_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati, Ohio">Cincinnati, Ohio</a><a href="#cite_note-dayt-117">[117]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus, Ohio</a><a href="#cite_note-dayt-117">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-ax14-118">[118]</a></li> <li>Mansfield, Ohio<a href="#cite_note-dayt-117">[117]</a></li> <li>Youngstown, Ohio<a href="#cite_note-dayt-117">[117]</a></li> <li>Warrensville Heights, Ohio<a href="#cite_note-dayt-117">[117]</a></li> <li>Cleveland, Ohio ($2.8 million expansion to 13 sq mi in 2022 using <a href="/wiki/American_Rescue_Plan_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="American Rescue Plan Act">American Rescue Plan Act</a> funding)<a href="#cite_note-dayt-117">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-clev10-120">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a></li> <li>Toledo, Ohio<a href="#cite_note-dayt-117">[117]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darby,_Pennsylvania" title="Darby, Pennsylvania">Darby, Pennsylvania</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh,_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania">Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</a><a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Juan,_Puerto_Rico" title="San Juan, Puerto Rico">San Juan, Puerto Rico</a> (over 500 installed sensors<a href="#cite_note-wired25-68">[68]</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldine,_Texas" title="Aldine, Texas">Aldine, Texas</a> (5 sq mi, $780k for 3 years)<a href="#cite_note-hc-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston, Texas</a> (10 sq mi, $74,000 per square mile per year)<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Beach,_Virginia" title="Virginia Beach, Virginia">Virginia Beach, Virginia</a><a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tacoma,_Washington" title="Tacoma, Washington">Tacoma, Washington</a> (2 sq mi)<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee,_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Milwaukee, Wisconsin">Milwaukee, Wisconsin</a> (installed in 2010; contract renewal in March 2023)<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pending">Pending</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=ShotSpotter&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Pending">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Escambia_County,_Florida" title="Escambia County, Florida">Escambia County, Florida</a><a href="#cite_note-escambia-130">[130]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pensacola,_Florida" title="Pensacola, Florida">Pensacola, Florida</a><a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holyoke,_Massachusetts" title="Holyoke, Massachusetts">Holyoke, Massachusetts</a> (2 square miles, $150k/year)<a href="#cite_note-holy-87">[87]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparks,_Nevada" title="Sparks, Nevada">Sparks, Nevada</a><a href="#cite_note-spark-111">[111]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillipsburg,_New_Jersey" title="Phillipsburg, New Jersey">Phillipsburg, New Jersey</a> ($279k, 3.3 sq mi)<a href="#cite_note-phil-114">[114]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York" title="Buffalo, New York">Buffalo, New York</a><a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fayetteville,_North_Carolina" title="Fayetteville, North Carolina">Fayetteville, North Carolina</a> (one year, $217k, 3 sq mi, starting 2022)<a href="#cite_note-fay16-134">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston-Salem,_North_Carolina" title="Winston-Salem, North Carolina">Winston-Salem, North Carolina</a> (installed in 2021; 3 sq. miles, purchased with a federal grant of almost $700k, not renewed in 2014)<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York,_Pennsylvania" title="York, Pennsylvania">York, Pennsylvania</a> (had used it previously, in 2023 the police captain said "it was terrible, it was awful")<a href="#cite_note-york23-139">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Declined_installations">Declined installations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=ShotSpotter&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Declined installations">edit</a>]</div> ShotSpotter has been removed or bids to install it were rejected in communities. It is considered controversial by many.<a href="#cite_note-baltpilot-99">[99]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Former">Former</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=ShotSpotter&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Former">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mobile,_Alabama" title="Mobile, Alabama">Mobile, Alabama</a><a href="#cite_note-escambia-130">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago,_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago, Illinois">Chicago, Illinois</a> (over 100 square miles, 3-year $33 million contract; contract not renewed in February 2024, coverage ends September 2024, over 500 installed sensors<a href="#cite_note-wired25-68">[68]</a>)<a href="#cite_note-2020_10k-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a><a href="#cite_note-iacc-144">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-cnrwgn-58">[58]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Orleans,_Louisiana" class="mw-redirect" title="New Orleans, Louisiana">New Orleans, Louisiana</a> (removed in 2013)<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_River,_Massachusetts" title="Fall River, Massachusetts">Fall River, Massachusetts</a> (began in 2012, cancelled in 2018 after missing gunfire events and false positives)<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trenton,_New_Jersey" title="Trenton, New Jersey">Trenton, New Jersey</a><a href="#cite_note-jl07-11">[11]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte,_North_Carolina" title="Charlotte, North Carolina">Charlotte, North Carolina</a> (began in 2012, cancelled in 2016)<a href="#cite_note-axs-147">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a><a href="#cite_note-jl07-11">[11]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham,_North_Carolina" title="Durham, North Carolina">Durham, North Carolina</a> (pilot began in 2022, 3 square miles, $197k one-year contract, not renewed in 2024)<a href="#cite_note-wral8-149">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a><a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a><a href="#cite_note-wral-legit-67">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayton,_Ohio" title="Dayton, Ohio">Dayton, Ohio</a> (3 square miles, started in 2019, cancelled in 2022)<a href="#cite_note-dayt-117">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a><a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton,_Ohio" title="Canton, Ohio">Canton, Ohio</a> (switched to Wi-Fiber detection in 2019)<a href="#cite_note-dayt-117">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town,_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Cape Town, South Africa">Cape Town, South Africa</a> (2016–2019)<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a><a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Antonio,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="San Antonio, Texas">San Antonio, Texas</a> (cancelled in 2017)<a href="#cite_note-axs-147">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-sa9-160">[160]</a><a href="#cite_note-jl07-11">[11]</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rejected">Rejected</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=ShotSpotter&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Rejected">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta,_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanta, Georgia">Atlanta, Georgia</a> (cancelled after trials in 2018 and 2022)<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a><a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-iacc-144">[144]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon</a>: single-source plan was opened to other bids, then all gunshot location installations were rejected after community feedback<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a><a href="#cite_note-weigh-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-jl07-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a><a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seattle,_Washington" class="mw-redirect" title="Seattle, Washington">Seattle, Washington</a>: Mayor Bruce Harrell proposed spending $1 million on ShotSpotter in 2022,<a href="#cite_note-axs-147">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-weigh-37">[37]</a> but in November 2022, the city council approved a budget that did not include such funding. Budget chair Teresa Mosqueda cited issues with the technology identified by other cities as the reason it was not being pursued.<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a><a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a><a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=ShotSpotter&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-10K-2022-1"><a href="#cite_ref-10K-2022_1-0">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1351636/000095017024039479/ssti-20231231.htm">"SoundThinking, Inc. 2023 Annual Report (Form 10-K)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/U.S._Securities_and_Exchange_Commission" title="U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission">U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission</a>. 1 April 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SoundThinking%2C+Inc.+2023+Annual+Report+%28Form+10-K%29&rft.pub=U.S.+Securities+and+Exchange+Commission&rft.date=2024-04-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sec.gov%2Fix%3Fdoc%3D%2FArchives%2Fedgar%2Fdata%2F1351636%2F000095017024039479%2Fssti-20231231.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wapo-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wapo_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-wapo_2-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbril2022" class="citation news cs1">Abril, Danielle (9 March 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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At this time, no criminal charges are pending, and no weapon was recovered."</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=chicagocopa.org&rft.atitle=COPA+RELEASES+VIDEO+%26+OTHER+MATERIAL+FROM+OFFICER-INVOLVED+SHOOTING+NEAR+8500+S.+WINCHESTER+AVE&rft.date=2024-02-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagocopa.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F02%2FCOPA-RELEASES-VIDEO-OTHER-MATERIAL-FROM-OFFICER-INVOLVED-SHOOTING-NEAR-8500-S.-WINCHESTER-AVE-FINAL.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chicago.suntimes.com/news/2024/1/27/24053056/chicago-officer-fires-shots-man-gresham">"Chicago officer fires shots at man in Gresham"</a>. Chicago Sun-Times. 27 January 2024. Retrieved 27 February 2024. <q>While attempting to speak with him, officers saw flashes of light and one of the officers fired his weapon, police said. It wasn't immediately known if the male was armed. 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WDIV. Retrieved 28 September 2022. <q>ShotSpotter is currently operating in the 8th and 9th Precincts covering close to seven square miles.Detroit City Council postponed the Tuesday vote for one week, but expanded the existing pilot project in the 8th and 9th precincts through 2023.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WDIV&rft.atitle=Detroit+city+council+postpones+vote+on+expansion+of+controversial+ShotSpotter+network&rft.date=2022-09-27&rft.aulast=Mann&rft.aufirst=Priya&rft.au=Washington%2C+Elizabeth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.clickondetroit.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2F2022%2F09%2F27%2Fdetroit-residents-show-strong-emotions-against-possible-expansion-of-shotspotter-technology%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJessica_Dupnack2022" class="citation web cs1">Jessica Dupnack (27 September 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fox2detroit.com/news/vote-on-8-5-million-expansion-of-shotspotter-delayed-again-by-detroit-city-council">"Vote on $8.5 million expansion of ShotSpotter delayed again by Detroit City Council"</a>. Fox 2 Detroit. Retrieved 28 September 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fox+2+Detroit&rft.atitle=Vote+on+%248.5+million+expansion+of+ShotSpotter+delayed+again+by+Detroit+City+Council&rft.date=2022-09-27&rft.au=Jessica+Dupnack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fox2detroit.com%2Fnews%2Fvote-on-8-5-million-expansion-of-shotspotter-delayed-again-by-detroit-city-council&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-f2d-105"><a href="#cite_ref-f2d_105-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRandy_Wimbley2022" class="citation web cs1">Randy Wimbley (27 September 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fox2detroit.com/news/shotspotter-vote-in-detroit-tuesday-as-stakeholders-harden-stances-on-controversial-technology">"Detroit City Council renews ShotSpotter funding, delays expansion vote"</a>. Fox 2 Detroit. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220927114540/https://www.fox2detroit.com/news/shotspotter-vote-in-detroit-tuesday-as-stakeholders-harden-stances-on-controversial-technology">Archived</a> from the original on 27 September 2022. Retrieved 28 September 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fox+2+Detroit&rft.atitle=Detroit+City+Council+renews+ShotSpotter+funding%2C+delays+expansion+vote&rft.date=2022-09-27&rft.au=Randy+Wimbley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fox2detroit.com%2Fnews%2Fshotspotter-vote-in-detroit-tuesday-as-stakeholders-harden-stances-on-controversial-technology&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRandy_WimbleyDavid_Komer2022" class="citation web cs1">Randy Wimbley; David Komer (4 October 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fox2detroit.com/news/detroit-community-organizers-share-shotspotter-civil-liberty-concerns">"Detroit community organizers share ShotSpotter civil liberty concerns"</a>. Fox 2 Detroit. Retrieved 9 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fox+2+Detroit&rft.atitle=Detroit+community+organizers+share+ShotSpotter+civil+liberty+concerns&rft.date=2022-10-04&rft.au=Randy+Wimbley&rft.au=David+Komer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fox2detroit.com%2Fnews%2Fdetroit-community-organizers-share-shotspotter-civil-liberty-concerns&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-dn11-107"><a href="#cite_ref-dn11_107-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSarah_Rahal2022" class="citation web cs1">Sarah Rahal (11 October 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/detroit-city/2022/10/11/detroit-city-council-oks-shotspotter-7-million-expansion/69552267007/">"Detroit City Council OKs $7 million ShotSpotter expansion"</a>. The Detroit News. Retrieved 12 October 2022. <q>The Detroit City Council on Tuesday approved a $7 million expansion of ShotSpotter after months of debate over the controversial gun detection system. Five hours into the Tuesday meeting, the council voted 5-4 on the expansion of the aerial gunfire detection system that uses sensors to pinpoint the locations of gunshot activity.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Detroit+News&rft.atitle=Detroit+City+Council+OKs+%247+million+ShotSpotter+expansion&rft.date=2022-10-11&rft.au=Sarah+Rahal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.detroitnews.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fdetroit-city%2F2022%2F10%2F11%2Fdetroit-city-council-oks-shotspotter-7-million-expansion%2F69552267007%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBriana_Rice2022" class="citation web cs1">Briana Rice (11 October 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.michiganradio.org/public-safety/2022-10-11/detroit-city-council-approves-7-million-shotspotter-expansion">"Detroit City Council approves $7 million ShotSpotter expansion"</a>. Michigan Radio. Retrieved 30 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Michigan+Radio&rft.atitle=Detroit+City+Council+approves+%247+million+ShotSpotter+expansion&rft.date=2022-10-11&rft.au=Briana+Rice&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.michiganradio.org%2Fpublic-safety%2F2022-10-11%2Fdetroit-city-council-approves-7-million-shotspotter-expansion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDanny_Walter2023" class="citation web cs1">Danny Walter (28 June 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.semissourian.com/story/3000954.html">"Cape Girardeau Police Department to use ShotSpotter to curb celebratory gunfire over holiday weekend"</a>. seMissourian.com. Retrieved 28 June 2023. <q>The Cape Girardeau Police Department will use the city's ShotSpotter Gunfire Data and Alerts technology to curb celebratory gunfire over the Fourth of July holiday.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=seMissourian.com&rft.atitle=Cape+Girardeau+Police+Department+to+use+ShotSpotter+to+curb+celebratory+gunfire+over+holiday+weekend&rft.date=2023-06-28&rft.au=Danny+Walter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.semissourian.com%2Fstory%2F3000954.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ketv.com/article/opd-investigates-shooting-on-lake-near-north-20th-that-left-one-man-critically-hurt/41813206">"OPD investigates shooting that left one man critically hurt"</a>. KETV. 31 October 2022. Retrieved 31 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KETV&rft.atitle=OPD+investigates+shooting+that+left+one+man+critically+hurt&rft.date=2022-10-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ketv.com%2Farticle%2Fopd-investigates-shooting-on-lake-near-north-20th-that-left-one-man-critically-hurt%2F41813206&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-spark-111">^ <a href="#cite_ref-spark_111-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-spark_111-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFreixys_Casado2022" class="citation web cs1">Freixys Casado (6 December 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kolotv.com/2022/12/07/controversial-gunshot-detector-sensors-be-placed-sparks/">"Controversial gunshot detector sensors to be placed in Sparks"</a>. KOLO.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KOLO&rft.atitle=Controversial+gunshot+detector+sensors+to+be+placed+in+Sparks&rft.date=2022-12-06&rft.au=Freixys+Casado&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kolotv.com%2F2022%2F12%2F07%2Fcontroversial-gunshot-detector-sensors-be-placed-sparks%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlexa_Skonieski2022" class="citation web cs1">Alexa Skonieski (24 October 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.krqe.com/news/crime/great-addition-apd-says-shotspotter-helping-with-a-number-of-investigations/">""Great addition": APD says ShotSpotter helping with a number of investigations"</a>. KRQE NEWS 13 - Breaking News, Albuquerque News, New Mexico News, Weather, and Videos. Retrieved 25 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KRQE+NEWS+13+-+Breaking+News%2C+Albuquerque+News%2C+New+Mexico+News%2C+Weather%2C+and+Videos&rft.atitle=%22Great+addition%22%3A+APD+says+ShotSpotter+helping+with+a+number+of+investigations&rft.date=2022-10-24&rft.au=Alexa+Skonieski&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.krqe.com%2Fnews%2Fcrime%2Fgreat-addition-apd-says-shotspotter-helping-with-a-number-of-investigations%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatthew_Reise2023" class="citation web cs1">Matthew Reise (18 March 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abqjournal.com/2583281/is-albuquerque-police-shotspotter-system-worth-the-price-tag.html">"Is Albuquerque's crime-fighting tool ShotSpotter worth the $3 million price tag?"</a>. Albuquerque Journal. Retrieved 6 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Albuquerque+Journal&rft.atitle=Is+Albuquerque%27s+crime-fighting+tool+ShotSpotter+worth+the+%243+million+price+tag%3F&rft.date=2023-03-18&rft.au=Matthew+Reise&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abqjournal.com%2F2583281%2Fis-albuquerque-police-shotspotter-system-worth-the-price-tag.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-phil-114">^ <a href="#cite_ref-phil_114-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-phil_114-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-phil_114-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlenn_Epps2023" class="citation web cs1">Glenn Epps (22 June 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lehighvalleylive.com/news/2023/06/controversial-gunshot-detection-program-shotspotter-eyes-phillipsburg-for-next-contract.html">"'Controversial' gunshot detection program ShotSpotter eyes Phillipsburg for next contract"</a>. lehighvalleylive. Retrieved 22 June 2023. <q>Phillipsburg</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=lehighvalleylive&rft.atitle=%27Controversial%27+gunshot+detection+program+ShotSpotter+eyes+Phillipsburg+for+next+contract&rft.date=2023-06-22&rft.au=Glenn+Epps&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lehighvalleylive.com%2Fnews%2F2023%2F06%2Fcontroversial-gunshot-detection-program-shotspotter-eyes-phillipsburg-for-next-contract.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteve_Strunsky2023" class="citation web cs1">Steve Strunsky (14 September 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nj.com/essex/2023/09/nj-city-to-expand-controversial-gunshot-detection-system-using-1m-grant.html">"N.J. city to expand controversial gunshot detection system using $1M grant"</a>. nj. Retrieved 15 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nj&rft.atitle=N.J.+city+to+expand+controversial+gunshot+detection+system+using+%241M+grant&rft.date=2023-09-14&rft.au=Steve+Strunsky&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nj.com%2Fessex%2F2023%2F09%2Fnj-city-to-expand-controversial-gunshot-detection-system-using-1m-grant.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dailyorange.com/2022/03/syracuse-expand-shotspotter-gunshot-detection-system-northside/">"City of Syracuse to expand ShotSpotter gunshot detection system to Northside"</a>. 2 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=City+of+Syracuse+to+expand+ShotSpotter+gunshot+detection+system+to+Northside&rft.date=2022-03-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdailyorange.com%2F2022%2F03%2Fsyracuse-expand-shotspotter-gunshot-detection-system-northside%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-dayt-117">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dayt_117-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-dayt_117-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-dayt_117-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-dayt_117-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-dayt_117-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-dayt_117-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-dayt_117-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-dayt_117-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-dayt_117-8">i</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCornelius_Frolik2022" class="citation web cs1">Cornelius Frolik (7 October 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.daytondailynews.com/local/explainer-understanding-the-controversial-shotspotter-program-that-police-are-ending-in-dayton/BF5XDZXLNNBJXAZOZXW3LTAMCA/">"Explainer: Understanding the controversial 'ShotSpotter' program that police are ending in Dayton"</a>. dayton-daily-news. Retrieved 9 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dayton-daily-news&rft.atitle=Explainer%3A+Understanding+the+controversial+%27ShotSpotter%27+program+that+police+are+ending+in+Dayton&rft.date=2022-10-07&rft.au=Cornelius+Frolik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.daytondailynews.com%2Flocal%2Fexplainer-understanding-the-controversial-shotspotter-program-that-police-are-ending-in-dayton%2FBF5XDZXLNNBJXAZOZXW3LTAMCA%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ax14-118"><a href="#cite_ref-ax14_118-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBuchananNeese2023" class="citation web cs1">Buchanan, Tyler; Neese, Alissa Widman (14 February 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.axios.com/local/columbus/2023/02/14/shotspotter-expand-troubled-columbus-neighborhood">"Controversial ShotSpotter expanded to troubled Columbus neighborhood"</a>. Axios. Retrieved 16 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Axios&rft.atitle=Controversial+ShotSpotter+expanded+to+troubled+Columbus+neighborhood&rft.date=2023-02-14&rft.aulast=Buchanan&rft.aufirst=Tyler&rft.au=Neese%2C+Alissa+Widman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.axios.com%2Flocal%2Fcolumbus%2F2023%2F02%2F14%2Fshotspotter-expand-troubled-columbus-neighborhood&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatthew_Richmond2022" class="citation web cs1">Matthew Richmond (6 October 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ideastream.org/news/cleveland-city-council-nears-approval-of-dramatic-expansion-of-shotspotter">"Cleveland City Council nears approval of dramatic expansion of Shotspotter"</a>. Ideastream Public Media. Retrieved 9 October 2022. <q>For the past two years, Cleveland police have used Shotspotter in a 3-square-mile area in the 4th police district, primarily in the Mt. Pleasant neighborhood. If approved by finance committee and the full council, the expansion would cover 13 miles spread out citywide.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ideastream+Public+Media&rft.atitle=Cleveland+City+Council+nears+approval+of+dramatic+expansion+of+Shotspotter&rft.date=2022-10-06&rft.au=Matthew+Richmond&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ideastream.org%2Fnews%2Fcleveland-city-council-nears-approval-of-dramatic-expansion-of-shotspotter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-clev10-120"><a href="#cite_ref-clev10_120-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLucas_Daprile2022" class="citation web cs1">Lucas Daprile (10 October 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cleveland.com/news/2022/10/cleveland-expected-to-approve-controversial-shotspotter-contract-stimulus-watch.html">"Cleveland City Council approves controversial ShotSpotter contract: Stimulus Watch"</a>. cleveland.com. Retrieved 12 October 2022. <q>One main reason police have been pushing for the technology is the idea that it saves lives by allowing first responders to find gunshot victims quickly. Like many of ShotSpotter's key claims, researchers are still studying whether these claims hold water.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cleveland.com&rft.atitle=Cleveland+City+Council+approves+controversial+ShotSpotter+contract%3A+Stimulus+Watch&rft.date=2022-10-10&rft.au=Lucas+Daprile&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cleveland.com%2Fnews%2F2022%2F10%2Fcleveland-expected-to-approve-controversial-shotspotter-contract-stimulus-watch.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatthew_Richmond2022" class="citation web cs1">Matthew Richmond (5 October 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wksu.org/government-politics/2022-10-05/use-of-shotspotter-alerts-in-cleveland-arrests-is-raising-constitutional-concerns">"Use of Shotspotter alerts in Cleveland arrests is raising constitutional concerns"</a>. WKSU. Retrieved 12 October 2022. <q>Cleveland Police are seeking an expansion of the gunshot detection technology Shotspotter, from about three square miles to 13 square miles, but body cam footage provided by the city shows officers using the technology to justify potentially unconstitutional stops and searches.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WKSU&rft.atitle=Use+of+Shotspotter+alerts+in+Cleveland+arrests+is+raising+constitutional+concerns&rft.date=2022-10-05&rft.au=Matthew+Richmond&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wksu.org%2Fgovernment-politics%2F2022-10-05%2Fuse-of-shotspotter-alerts-in-cleveland-arrests-is-raising-constitutional-concerns&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIvan_Pereira2022" class="citation web cs1">Ivan Pereira (29 October 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://6abc.com/5-shot-during-funeral-service-at-church/12391129/">"5 shot during funeral service at church"</a>. 6abc Philadelphia. 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Retrieved 21 June 2023. <q>The Pensacola Police Department and the Escambia County Sheriff's Office will soon be using ShotSpotter. It's technology that uses audio sensors to determine where a gunshot is fired. The Mobile Police Department has used the technology for almost a year and has seen success.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WKRG+News+5&rft.atitle=Gunshot+detecting+technology+%22ShotSpotter%22+coming+to+Pensacola&rft.date=2023-06-20&rft.au=Cody+Long&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wkrg.com%2Fnorthwest-florida%2Fescambia-county%2Fgunshot-detecting-technology-shotspotter-coming-to-pensacola%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReporter2022" class="citation web cs1">Reporter, Aaron Besecker News Staff (10 December 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://buffalonews.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/gunfire-detection-system-shotspotter-may-be-up-and-running-in-buffalos-masten-district-in-may/article_e43b6bf8-78aa-11ed-81dc-9b179807009d.html">"Gunfire detection system ShotSpotter may be up and running in Buffalo's Masten District in May or June"</a>. 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Retrieved 12 December 2022. <q>The Buffalo News</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Buffalo+News&rft.atitle=Gunfire+detection+system+ShotSpotter+may+be+up+and+running+in+Buffalo%27s+Masten+District+in+May+or+June&rft.date=2022-12-10&rft.aulast=Reporter&rft.aufirst=Aaron+Besecker+News+Staff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbuffalonews.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fcrime-and-courts%2Fgunfire-detection-system-shotspotter-may-be-up-and-running-in-buffalos-masten-district-in-may%2Farticle_e43b6bf8-78aa-11ed-81dc-9b179807009d.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReporter2022" class="citation web cs1">Reporter, Aaron Besecker News Staff (31 August 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://buffalonews.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/plans-to-test-shotspotter-gunfire-detection-system-moving-ahead-in-masten-district/article_73c57b10-2856-11ed-9a43-b7d47c7f1f14.html">"Plans to test ShotSpotter, gunfire detection system, moving ahead in Masten District"</a>. 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Ohio Capital Journal. Retrieved 18 July 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ohio+Capital+Journal&rft.atitle=Why+Dayton+quit+ShotSpotter%2C+a+surveillance+tool+many+cities+still+embrace+-+Ohio+Capital+Journal&rft.date=2023-07-18&rft.au=Stephen+Starr&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fohiocapitaljournal.com%2F2023%2F07%2F18%2Fwhy-dayton-quit-shotspotter-a-surveillance-tool-many-cities-still-embrace%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKelly_Byer2019" class="citation web cs1">Kelly Byer (14 August 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.beaconjournal.com/story/news/local/2019/08/15/canton-replacing-shotspotter-with-new/4464135007/">"Canton replacing ShotSpotter with new system"</a>. Akron Beacon Journal. Retrieved 9 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Akron+Beacon+Journal&rft.atitle=Canton+replacing+ShotSpotter+with+new+system&rft.date=2019-08-14&rft.au=Kelly+Byer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.beaconjournal.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Flocal%2F2019%2F08%2F15%2Fcanton-replacing-shotspotter-with-new%2F4464135007%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRafiq_Wagiet2021" class="citation web cs1">Rafiq Wagiet (22 March 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.capetalk.co.za/articles/411863/shotspotter-is-city-of-cape-town-s-deadly-mistake">"Shotspotter is the City of Cape Town's costly and deadly mistake"</a>. CapeTalk. Retrieved 16 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CapeTalk&rft.atitle=Shotspotter+is+the+City+of+Cape+Town%27s+costly+and+deadly+mistake&rft.date=2021-03-22&rft.au=Rafiq+Wagiet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.capetalk.co.za%2Farticles%2F411863%2Fshotspotter-is-city-of-cape-town-s-deadly-mistake&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGithahu2021" class="citation web cs1">Githahu, Mwangi (18 March 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iol.co.za/capeargus/news/cape-parties-say-citys-shotspotter-missed-the-mark-on-crime-59573ada-5ee5-4a04-a91b-aa585e528438">"Cape parties say City's ShotSpotter missed the mark on crime"</a>. iol.co.za. Retrieved 16 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=iol.co.za&rft.atitle=Cape+parties+say+City%27s+ShotSpotter+missed+the+mark+on+crime&rft.date=2021-03-18&rft.aulast=Githahu&rft.aufirst=Mwangi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iol.co.za%2Fcapeargus%2Fnews%2Fcape-parties-say-citys-shotspotter-missed-the-mark-on-crime-59573ada-5ee5-4a04-a91b-aa585e528438&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-sa9-160"><a href="#cite_ref-sa9_160-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVianna_Davila2017" class="citation web cs1">Vianna Davila (15 August 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mysanantonio.com/news/local/article/City-pulls-plug-on-pricey-gunshot-detection-system-11817475.php">"Seattle mayor budgets $1M for controversial gunfire detection tech like ShotSpotter"</a>. San Antonio Express-News. Retrieved 9 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=San+Antonio+Express-News&rft.atitle=Seattle+mayor+budgets+%241M+for+controversial+gunfire+detection+tech+like+ShotSpotter&rft.date=2017-08-15&rft.au=Vianna+Davila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mysanantonio.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Farticle%2FCity-pulls-plug-on-pricey-gunshot-detection-system-11817475.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKristin_Crowley2022" class="citation web cs1">Kristin Crowley (23 November 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.11alive.com/article/news/crime/apd-shotspotter-technology/85-79f2851c-023e-45bc-b69e-8dcdedbe2814">"APD says no to ShotSpotter technology again"</a>. 11Alive.com. Retrieved 24 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=11Alive.com&rft.atitle=APD+says+no+to+ShotSpotter+technology+again&rft.date=2022-11-23&rft.au=Kristin+Crowley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.11alive.com%2Farticle%2Fnews%2Fcrime%2Fapd-shotspotter-technology%2F85-79f2851c-023e-45bc-b69e-8dcdedbe2814&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKristin_Crowley2022" class="citation web cs1">Kristin Crowley (5 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.11alive.com/article/news/investigations/the-reveal/atlanta-police-shotspotter-pilot-2022/85-a8071035-ba0a-4dac-adbe-e1a2c38e8d34">"Atlanta Police said this crime-fighting system isn't worth the price tag. So why are they testing it again?"</a>. 11Alive.com. Retrieved 24 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=11Alive.com&rft.atitle=Atlanta+Police+said+this+crime-fighting+system+isn%27t+worth+the+price+tag.+So+why+are+they+testing+it+again%3F&rft.date=2022-04-05&rft.au=Kristin+Crowley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.11alive.com%2Farticle%2Fnews%2Finvestigations%2Fthe-reveal%2Fatlanta-police-shotspotter-pilot-2022%2F85-a8071035-ba0a-4dac-adbe-e1a2c38e8d34&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKristin_CrowleyLindsey_Basye2021" class="citation web cs1">Kristin Crowley; Lindsey Basye (9 September 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.11alive.com/article/news/investigations/the-reveal/shotspotter-effectiveness-investigated/85-31ac9293-34e2-42ba-a89c-2016c0dffb88">"'I was surprised': Atlanta Police trying out program again after it said it wasn't worth $280K price tag"</a>. 11Alive.com. Retrieved 24 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=11Alive.com&rft.atitle=%27I+was+surprised%27%3A+Atlanta+Police+trying+out+program+again+after+it+said+it+wasn%27t+worth+%24280K+price+tag&rft.date=2021-09-09&rft.au=Kristin+Crowley&rft.au=Lindsey+Basye&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.11alive.com%2Farticle%2Fnews%2Finvestigations%2Fthe-reveal%2Fshotspotter-effectiveness-investigated%2F85-31ac9293-34e2-42ba-a89c-2016c0dffb88&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJonathan_Levinson2023" class="citation web cs1">Jonathan Levinson (9 January 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.opb.org/article/2023/01/09/portland-oregon-gun-violence-shooting-detection-vendor-techonology-shotspotter/">"Portland to change course, accept competitive bids for gunshot detection pilot"</a>. opb. Retrieved 10 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=opb&rft.atitle=Portland+to+change+course%2C+accept+competitive+bids+for+gunshot+detection+pilot&rft.date=2023-01-09&rft.au=Jonathan+Levinson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.opb.org%2Farticle%2F2023%2F01%2F09%2Fportland-oregon-gun-violence-shooting-detection-vendor-techonology-shotspotter%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEric_Tegethoff2023" class="citation web cs1">Eric Tegethoff (9 January 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.publicnewsservice.org/2023-01-09/gun-violence-prevention/police-gunshot-detector-continues-to-roil-portland-community/a82260-1">"Police Gunshot Detector Continues to Roil Portland Community"</a>. publicnewsservice.org. Retrieved 10 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=publicnewsservice.org&rft.atitle=Police+Gunshot+Detector+Continues+to+Roil+Portland+Community&rft.date=2023-01-09&rft.au=Eric+Tegethoff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicnewsservice.org%2F2023-01-09%2Fgun-violence-prevention%2Fpolice-gunshot-detector-continues-to-roil-portland-community%2Fa82260-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJonathan_Levinson2023" class="citation web cs1">Jonathan Levinson (4 April 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.opb.org/article/2023/04/04/portland-audit-reviews-shotspotter-lobbying/">"Portland auditor finds insufficient evidence ShotSpotter violated city code"</a>. opb. Retrieved 6 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=opb&rft.atitle=Portland+auditor+finds+insufficient+evidence+ShotSpotter+violated+city+code&rft.date=2023-04-04&rft.au=Jonathan+Levinson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.opb.org%2Farticle%2F2023%2F04%2F04%2Fportland-audit-reviews-shotspotter-lobbying%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kgw.com/article/news/politics/portland-will-not-pursue-gunshot-detection-technology/283-838da001-8633-4e06-a126-48b0bac3684e">"Portland will not pursue gunshot detection technology at present, mayor says"</a>. kgw.com. 1 June 2023. Retrieved 1 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=kgw.com&rft.atitle=Portland+will+not+pursue+gunshot+detection+technology+at+present%2C+mayor+says&rft.date=2023-06-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kgw.com%2Farticle%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fportland-will-not-pursue-gunshot-detection-technology%2F283-838da001-8633-4e06-a126-48b0bac3684e&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSantos2022" class="citation news cs1">Santos, Melissa (December 1, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.axios.com/local/seattle/2022/12/01/seattle-shotspotter-cut-budget-police">"Seattle scraps plan for gunfire detection tech"</a>. Axios.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Axios&rft.atitle=Seattle+scraps+plan+for+gunfire+detection+tech&rft.date=2022-12-01&rft.aulast=Santos&rft.aufirst=Melissa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.axios.com%2Flocal%2Fseattle%2F2022%2F12%2F01%2Fseattle-shotspotter-cut-budget-police&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrank_Sumrall2022" class="citation web cs1">Frank Sumrall (23 November 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mynorthwest.com/3727095/controversial-shotspotter-tech-nipped-budget-despite-harrell-push/">"ShotSpotter tech nipped from Seattle budget despite mayor's push"</a>. MyNorthwest.com. Retrieved 24 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MyNorthwest.com&rft.atitle=ShotSpotter+tech+nipped+from+Seattle+budget+despite+mayor%27s+push&rft.date=2022-11-23&rft.au=Frank+Sumrall&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmynorthwest.com%2F3727095%2Fcontroversial-shotspotter-tech-nipped-budget-despite-harrell-push%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_Kroman2024" class="citation web cs1">David Kroman (31 May 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/seattle-mayor-bruce-harrell-shelves-plans-for-shotspotter-technology/">"Harrell shelves plans for controversial gunshot detection technology"</a>. The Seattle Times. Retrieved 2 June 2024. <q>Mayor Bruce Harrell is shelving plans to roll out gunshot detection equipment in Seattle, putting the controversial technology on ice yet again after years of back and forth in City Hall.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Seattle+Times&rft.atitle=Harrell+shelves+plans+for+controversial+gunshot+detection+technology&rft.date=2024-05-31&rft.au=David+Kroman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.seattletimes.com%2Fseattle-news%2Fseattle-mayor-bruce-harrell-shelves-plans-for-shotspotter-technology%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShotSpotter" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=ShotSpotter&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://soundthinking.com/">Official website</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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