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rgba(var(--bs-btn-focus-shadow-rgb), .5);display:inline-block;padding:var(--bs-btn-padding-y) var(--bs-btn-padding-x);font-family:var(--bs-btn-font-family);font-size:var(--bs-btn-font-size);font-weight:var(--bs-btn-font-weight);line-height:var(--bs-btn-line-height);text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;border:var(--bs-btn-border-width) solid var(--bs-btn-border-color);border-radius:var(--bs-btn-border-radius);background-image:var(--bs-gradient);box-shadow:var(--bs-btn-box-shadow)}.btn-primary{--bs-btn-bg:#324a98;--bs-btn-border-color:#324a98;--bs-btn-hover-bg:rgb(42.5, 62.9, 129.2);--bs-btn-hover-border-color:rgb(40, 59.2, 121.6);--bs-btn-focus-shadow-rgb:81,101,167;--bs-btn-active-bg:rgb(40, 59.2, 121.6);--bs-btn-active-border-color:rgb(37.5, 55.5, 114);--bs-btn-disabled-bg:#324a98;--bs-btn-disabled-border-color:#324a98}.btn-primary,.btn-secondary{--bs-btn-color:#fff;--bs-btn-hover-color:#fff;--bs-btn-active-color:#fff;--bs-btn-active-shadow:inset 0 3px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.125);--bs-btn-disabled-color:#fff}.btn-secondary{--bs-btn-bg:#6c757d;--bs-btn-border-color:#6c757d;--bs-btn-hover-bg:rgb(91.8, 99.45, 106.25);--bs-btn-hover-border-color:rgb(86.4, 93.6, 100);--bs-btn-focus-shadow-rgb:130,138,145;--bs-btn-active-bg:rgb(86.4, 93.6, 100);--bs-btn-active-border-color:rgb(81, 87.75, 93.75);--bs-btn-disabled-bg:#6c757d;--bs-btn-disabled-border-color:#6c757d}.btn-link{--bs-btn-font-weight:400;--bs-btn-color:var(--bs-link-color);--bs-btn-bg:transparent;--bs-btn-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-hover-color:var(--bs-link-hover-color);--bs-btn-hover-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-active-color:var(--bs-link-hover-color);--bs-btn-active-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-disabled-color:#6c757d;--bs-btn-disabled-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-box-shadow:0 0 0 #000;--bs-btn-focus-shadow-rgb:199,87,53;text-decoration:none;background-image:none}.btn-sm{--bs-btn-padding-y:0.25rem;--bs-btn-padding-x:0.5rem;--bs-btn-font-size:0.875rem;--bs-btn-border-radius:var(--bs-border-radius-sm)}.fade:not(.show){opacity:0}.collapse:not(.show){display:none}.nav{--bs-nav-link-padding-x:0.7rem;--bs-nav-link-padding-y:0.7rem;--bs-nav-link-color:var(--bs-link-color);--bs-nav-link-hover-color:var(--bs-link-hover-color);--bs-nav-link-disabled-color:var(--bs-secondary-color);display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;padding-left:0;margin-bottom:0;list-style:none}.nav-link{display:block;padding:var(--bs-nav-link-padding-y) var(--bs-nav-link-padding-x);font-size:var(--bs-nav-link-font-size);font-weight:var(--bs-nav-link-font-weight);color:var(--bs-nav-link-color);background:0 0;border:0}.nav-fill .nav-item{flex:1 1 auto;text-align:center}.nav-fill .nav-item .nav-link{width:100%}.navbar{--bs-navbar-padding-x:0;--bs-navbar-padding-y:0.5rem;--bs-navbar-color:rgba(var(--bs-emphasis-color-rgb), 0.65);--bs-navbar-hover-color:rgba(var(--bs-emphasis-color-rgb), 0.8);--bs-navbar-disabled-color:rgba(var(--bs-emphasis-color-rgb), 0.3);--bs-navbar-active-color:rgba(var(--bs-emphasis-color-rgb), 1);--bs-navbar-brand-padding-y:0.25rem;--bs-navbar-brand-margin-end:1rem;--bs-navbar-brand-font-size:1.25rem;--bs-navbar-brand-color:rgba(var(--bs-emphasis-color-rgb), 1);--bs-navbar-brand-hover-color:rgba(var(--bs-emphasis-color-rgb), 1);--bs-navbar-nav-link-padding-x:0.5rem;--bs-navbar-toggler-padding-y:0.25rem;--bs-navbar-toggler-padding-x:0.75rem;--bs-navbar-toggler-font-size:1.25rem;--bs-navbar-toggler-icon-bg:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 30 30'%3e%3cpath stroke='rgba%2833, 37, 41, 0.75%29' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-miterlimit='10' stroke-width='2' d='M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22'/%3e%3c/svg%3e");--bs-navbar-toggler-border-color:rgba(var(--bs-emphasis-color-rgb), 0.15);--bs-navbar-toggler-border-radius:var(--bs-border-radius);--bs-navbar-toggler-focus-width:0.25rem;position:relative;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding:var(--bs-navbar-padding-y) var(--bs-navbar-padding-x);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.navbar>.container,.navbar>.container-fluid{display:flex;flex-wrap:inherit;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between}.navbar-brand{padding-top:var(--bs-navbar-brand-padding-y);padding-bottom:var(--bs-navbar-brand-padding-y);margin-right:var(--bs-navbar-brand-margin-end);font-size:var(--bs-navbar-brand-font-size);color:var(--bs-navbar-brand-color);white-space:nowrap}.navbar-nav{--bs-nav-link-padding-x:0;--bs-nav-link-padding-y:0.7rem;--bs-nav-link-color:var(--bs-navbar-color);--bs-nav-link-hover-color:var(--bs-navbar-hover-color);--bs-nav-link-disabled-color:var(--bs-navbar-disabled-color);display:flex;flex-direction:column;padding-left:0;margin-bottom:0;list-style:none}.navbar-collapse{flex-basis:100%;flex-grow:1;align-items:center}.navbar-toggler{padding:var(--bs-navbar-toggler-padding-y) var(--bs-navbar-toggler-padding-x);font-size:var(--bs-navbar-toggler-font-size);line-height:1;color:var(--bs-navbar-color);background-color:transparent;border:var(--bs-border-width) solid var(--bs-navbar-toggler-border-color);border-radius:var(--bs-navbar-toggler-border-radius)}@media (min-width:576px){.navbar-expand-sm{flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:flex-start}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-nav{flex-direction:row}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-nav .nav-link{padding-right:var(--bs-navbar-nav-link-padding-x);padding-left:var(--bs-navbar-nav-link-padding-x)}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-collapse{display:flex!important;flex-basis:auto}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-toggler{display:none}}body:before{display:none}.navbar-dark{--bs-navbar-color:#324a98;--bs-navbar-hover-color:#4d4d4f;--bs-navbar-disabled-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);--bs-navbar-active-color:#324a98;--bs-navbar-brand-color:#324a98;--bs-navbar-brand-hover-color:#324a98;--bs-navbar-toggler-border-color:transparent;--bs-navbar-toggler-icon-bg:none}.card{--bs-card-spacer-y:1rem;--bs-card-spacer-x:1rem;--bs-card-title-spacer-y:0.5rem;--bs-card-border-width:var(--bs-border-width);--bs-card-border-color:var(--bs-border-color-translucent);--bs-card-border-radius:var(--bs-border-radius);--bs-card-inner-border-radius:calc(var(--bs-border-radius) - (var(--bs-border-width)));--bs-card-cap-padding-y:0.5rem;--bs-card-cap-padding-x:1rem;--bs-card-cap-bg:rgba(var(--bs-body-color-rgb), 0.03);--bs-card-bg:#f8f9fa;--bs-card-img-overlay-padding:1rem;--bs-card-group-margin:0.75rem;position:relative;display:flex;flex-direction:column;min-width:0;height:var(--bs-card-height);color:var(--bs-body-color);word-wrap:break-word;background-color:var(--bs-card-bg);background-clip:border-box;border:var(--bs-card-border-width) solid var(--bs-card-border-color);border-radius:var(--bs-card-border-radius);box-shadow:var(--bs-card-box-shadow)}.card-body{flex:1 1 auto;padding:var(--bs-card-spacer-y) var(--bs-card-spacer-x);color:var(--bs-card-color)}.breadcrumb{display:flex;list-style:none;--bs-breadcrumb-padding-x:0;--bs-breadcrumb-padding-y:0.5rem;--bs-breadcrumb-margin-bottom:0;--bs-breadcrumb-font-size:0.75rem;--bs-breadcrumb-bg:transparent;--bs-breadcrumb-divider-color:#6c757d;--bs-breadcrumb-item-padding-x:0.5rem;--bs-breadcrumb-item-active-color:#6c757d;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:var(--bs-breadcrumb-padding-y) var(--bs-breadcrumb-padding-x);margin-bottom:var(--bs-breadcrumb-margin-bottom);font-size:var(--bs-breadcrumb-font-size);background-color:var(--bs-breadcrumb-bg);border-radius:var(--bs-breadcrumb-border-radius)}.breadcrumb-item+.breadcrumb-item{padding-left:var(--bs-breadcrumb-item-padding-x)}.breadcrumb-item+.breadcrumb-item::before{float:left;padding-right:var(--bs-breadcrumb-item-padding-x);color:var(--bs-breadcrumb-divider-color);content:var(--bs-breadcrumb-divider, "|")}.breadcrumb-item.active{color:var(--bs-breadcrumb-item-active-color)}.alert{--bs-alert-bg:transparent;--bs-alert-padding-x:1rem;--bs-alert-padding-y:1rem;--bs-alert-margin-bottom:1rem;--bs-alert-color:inherit;--bs-alert-border-color:transparent;--bs-alert-border:var(--bs-border-width) solid var(--bs-alert-border-color);--bs-alert-border-radius:var(--bs-border-radius);--bs-alert-link-color:inherit;position:relative;padding:var(--bs-alert-padding-y) var(--bs-alert-padding-x);margin-bottom:var(--bs-alert-margin-bottom);color:var(--bs-alert-color);background-color:var(--bs-alert-bg);border:var(--bs-alert-border);border-radius:var(--bs-alert-border-radius)}.alert-heading{color:inherit}.alert-link{font-weight:700;color:var(--bs-alert-link-color)}.alert-dismissible{padding-right:3rem}.alert-dismissible .btn-close{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;z-index:2;padding:1.25rem 1rem}.alert-primary{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-primary-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-primary-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-primary-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-primary-text-emphasis)}.alert-secondary{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-secondary-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-secondary-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-secondary-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-secondary-text-emphasis)}.alert-native,.alert-success,.alert-validation{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-success-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-success-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-success-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-success-text-emphasis)}.alert-info{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-info-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-info-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-info-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-info-text-emphasis)}.alert-warning{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-warning-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-warning-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-warning-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-warning-text-emphasis)}.alert-danger,.alert-error{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-danger-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-danger-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-danger-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-danger-text-emphasis)}.alert-light{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-light-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-light-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-light-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-light-text-emphasis)}.alert-cleanup,.alert-dark{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-dark-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-dark-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-dark-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-dark-text-emphasis)}.alert-inverse{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-inverse-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-inverse-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-inverse-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-inverse-text-emphasis)}.alert-navbar{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-navbar-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-navbar-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-navbar-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-navbar-text-emphasis)}.alert-navitem{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-navitem-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-navitem-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-navitem-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-navitem-text-emphasis)}.alert-lightgray{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-lightgray-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-lightgray-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-lightgray-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-lightgray-text-emphasis)}.alert-advertising,.alert-color-indigo{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-color-indigo-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-color-indigo-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-color-indigo-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-color-indigo-text-emphasis)}.alert-color-cyan,.alert-notice{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-color-cyan-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-color-cyan-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-color-cyan-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-color-cyan-text-emphasis)}.alert-color-blue,.alert-criticalcss{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-color-blue-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-color-blue-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-color-blue-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-color-blue-text-emphasis)}.alert-cache,.alert-color-orange{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-color-orange-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-color-orange-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-color-orange-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-color-orange-text-emphasis)}.alert-color-red{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-color-red-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-color-red-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-color-red-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-color-red-text-emphasis)}.alert-cdnjs,.alert-color-yellow{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-color-yellow-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-color-yellow-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-color-yellow-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-color-yellow-text-emphasis)}.alert-color-teal,.alert-topic{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-color-teal-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-color-teal-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-color-teal-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-color-teal-text-emphasis)}.alert-color-green{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-color-green-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-color-green-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-color-green-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-color-green-text-emphasis)}.alert-cloudinary,.alert-color-pink{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-color-pink-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-color-pink-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-color-pink-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-color-pink-text-emphasis)}.alert-color-black{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-color-black-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-color-black-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-color-black-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-color-black-text-emphasis)}.alert-color-white{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-color-white-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-color-white-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-color-white-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-color-white-text-emphasis)}.alert-color-gray{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-color-gray-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-color-gray-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-color-gray-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-color-gray-text-emphasis)}.alert-color-gray-dark{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-color-gray-dark-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-color-gray-dark-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-color-gray-dark-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-color-gray-dark-text-emphasis)}.alert-cache{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-cache-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-cache-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-cache-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-cache-text-emphasis)}.alert-notice{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-notice-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-notice-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-notice-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-notice-text-emphasis)}.alert-topic{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-topic-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-topic-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-topic-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-topic-text-emphasis)}.alert-advertising{--bs-alert-color:var(--bs-advertising-text-emphasis);--bs-alert-bg:var(--bs-advertising-bg-subtle);--bs-alert-border-color:var(--bs-advertising-border-subtle);--bs-alert-link-color:var(--bs-advertising-text-emphasis)}.list-group{--bs-list-group-color:var(--bs-body-color);--bs-list-group-bg:var(--bs-body-bg);--bs-list-group-border-color:var(--bs-border-color);--bs-list-group-border-width:var(--bs-border-width);--bs-list-group-border-radius:var(--bs-border-radius);--bs-list-group-item-padding-x:1rem;--bs-list-group-item-padding-y:0.5rem;--bs-list-group-action-color:var(--bs-secondary-color);--bs-list-group-action-hover-color:var(--bs-emphasis-color);--bs-list-group-action-hover-bg:var(--bs-tertiary-bg);--bs-list-group-action-active-color:var(--bs-body-color);--bs-list-group-action-active-bg:var(--bs-secondary-bg);--bs-list-group-disabled-color:var(--bs-secondary-color);--bs-list-group-disabled-bg:var(--bs-body-bg);--bs-list-group-active-color:#fff;--bs-list-group-active-bg:#bd3911;--bs-list-group-active-border-color:#bd3911;display:flex;flex-direction:column;padding-left:0;margin-bottom:0;border-radius:var(--bs-list-group-border-radius)}.list-group-item{position:relative;display:block;padding:var(--bs-list-group-item-padding-y) var(--bs-list-group-item-padding-x);color:var(--bs-list-group-color);background-color:var(--bs-list-group-bg);border:var(--bs-list-group-border-width) solid var(--bs-list-group-border-color)}.list-group-item:first-child{border-top-left-radius:inherit;border-top-right-radius:inherit}.list-group-item:last-child{border-bottom-right-radius:inherit;border-bottom-left-radius:inherit}.list-group-item+.list-group-item{border-top-width:0}.btn-close{color:var(--bs-btn-close-color);--bs-btn-close-color:#000;--bs-btn-close-bg:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 16 16' fill='%23000'%3e%3cpath d='M.293.293a1 1 0 0 1 1.414 0L8 6.586 14.293.293a1 1 0 1 1 1.414 1.414L9.414 8l6.293 6.293a1 1 0 0 1-1.414 1.414L8 9.414l-6.293 6.293a1 1 0 0 1-1.414-1.414L6.586 8 .293 1.707a1 1 0 0 1 0-1.414z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e");--bs-btn-close-opacity:0.5;--bs-btn-close-hover-opacity:0.75;--bs-btn-close-focus-shadow:0 0 0 0.25rem rgba(189, 57, 17, 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src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_auto,f_auto,q_auto/v1578197189/sites/mdb/articles/2019/insider/20190228_Medical_Design_Story5.jpg' class=' w-100 cld-responsive' alt='' alt="Photo of SMP's (Shape Memory Polymer)." /> <figcaption>Professor James H. Henderson and PhD candidate Shelby L. Buffington. (Credit: Syracuse University)</figcaption></figure> <p>Researchers a new kind of shape memory polymer that could have major implications for healthcare. The polymer can change its shape in response to exposure to enzymes and is compatible with living cells. It requires no additional trigger, such as a change in temperature. Given these properties, it can respond to cellular activity like healing.</p> <p>SMPs are soft, rubbery, “smart” materials that can change shape in response to external stimuli like temperature changes or exposure to light. They can hold each shape indefinitely and turn back when triggered to do so.</p> <p>SMPs have many potential biomedical applications. For example, they are ideal as cardiovascular stents because they can be one shape for surgical insertion and another once positioned in a blood vessel. The warmth of the patient’s body is all that is required to trigger the shape change.</p><div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['xs','sm'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[450,450],[300,300]],div_id:'GAM_pos_22_modid_421',target_pos:'22',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_22_modid_421' class=""></div></div></div><p>The team created the material using a process called <em>dual electrospinning</em>, in which a high-voltage current is applied to two needle tips pumping two separate polymer solutions. The voltage draws out the polymer fibers, and they are blended into a fiber polymer mat. The proper combination of fibers gives the material its shape memory qualities.</p> <p>They analyzed the material’s properties, shape memory performance and cytocompatibility. Their experiments successfully demonstrated that the SMP’s original shape could be recovered through a degree of reversal, or degradation, of the shape-fixing phase.</p> <p>The team is examining their SMP in cancer and macrophage cell cultures. They hope that with additional research, they will uncover practical uses for their material using lower concentrations of enzymes, produced by less extreme cellular activity.</p> <p> <a href="https://news.syr.edu/blog/2019/02/25/new-material-developed-at-syracuse-university-is-a-biomedical-breakthrough/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Source <i class="fad fa-external-link fa-sm"></i></a></p> <hr> <div class="ntb_tagsbot"> <div class="taglist"> <strong class="sans-serif text-small">Topics:</strong><br> <a class="badge bg-primary link-white fw-light sans-serif text-small fst-normal" href="/component/ntb_tags/topic/materials/materials/mdb/*?start=0"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-flask-vial"></i> Materials</a> <a class="badge bg-primary link-white fw-light sans-serif text-small fst-normal" href="/component/ntb_tags/topic/medical/medical/mdb/*?start=0"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-book-medical"></i> Medical</a> <a class="badge bg-primary link-white fw-light sans-serif text-small 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class="ntb-asktheexpert"> <h6>Eric Dietsch on the Benefits of Nitinol Wire</h6> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_3:4,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1597449571/sites/mdb/articles/2020/sponsored/asktheexpert/eric_dietsch.jpg' class='float-start w-33 me-2 mb-1 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /><p>In collaboration with the Fort Wayne Metals Engineering team, Eric Dietsch focuses on supporting customers with material recommendations, product development, and education. Eric is available to help you and your company with any Nitinol-related questions or needs that you may have.</p> <a href="/component/content/article/37395-ask-the-expert-eric-dietsch-on-choosing-the-right-wire-for-your-needs"> <button class="btn btn-primary text-uppercase"> Read More  <i class="fas fa-angle-right"></i> </button> </a></div></div></div> <div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[450,450],[300,300]],div_id:'GAM_pos_23_modid_415',target_pos:'23',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_23_modid_415' class=""></div></div></div> <div class="row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="section-overline">Inside Story</h4> <div class="ntb-asktheexpert"> <h6>Inside Story: Trends in Packaging and Sterilization</h6> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_3:4,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1725935912/sites/mdb/econa-16x9/51554/1000/mdb-0924-insidestory-fig1.jpeg' class='float-start w-33 me-2 mb-1 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /><p>Eurofins Medical Device Testing (MDT) provides a full scope of testing services. In this interview, Eurofins’ experts, Sunny Modi, PhD, Director of Package Testing; and Elizabeth Sydnor, Director of Microbiology; answer common questions on medical device packaging and sterilization.</p> <a href="/component/content/article/51554-inside-story-0924"> <button class="btn btn-primary text-uppercase"> Read More  <i class="fas fa-angle-right"></i> </button> </a></div></div></div> <div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[450,450],[300,300]],div_id:'GAM_pos_21_modid_410',target_pos:'21',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_21_modid_410' class=""></div></div></div> <div class="story-list row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="section-overline">Webcasts</h4><div class="webinars-box story-list"> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none" style="width:80px"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1741113744/sites/mdb/econa-16x9/52683/1000/030425-mdb-podcast-adobe.jpeg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-podcast me-1"></i> Podcasts: Medical</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52683-interoperability-in-iomt-overcoming-the-connectivity-barriers"> Interoperability in IoMT: Overcoming the Connectivity Barriers</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none" style="width:80px"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1737827332/sites/mdb/econa-16x9/52395/1000/012025-mdb-podcast_adobe2.jpeg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-podcast me-1"></i> Podcasts: Medical</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52395-the-integration-of-sensors-into-next-generation-health-devices"> The Integration of Sensors into Next-Generation Health Devices</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none" style="width:80px"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1737160371/sites/mdb/econa-16x9/52396/1000/011725-mdb-podcast-adobe.jpeg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-podcast me-1"></i> Podcasts: Sensors/Data Acquisition</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52396-the-role-of-mems-in-next-gen-medical-devices"> The Role of MEMS in Next-Gen Medical Devices</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none" style="width:80px"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1734707379/sites/mdb/econa-16x9/52272/1000/122024_mdb_podcasts_adobe.jpeg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-podcast me-1"></i> Podcasts: Sensors/Data Acquisition</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52272-implantable-sensors-for-internal-health-monitoring"> Implantable Sensors for Internal Health Monitoring</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none" style="width:80px"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1730251179/sites/mdb/econa-16x9/51616/1000/enedo-a-guide-to-selecting-power-supplies.jpeg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-bullhorn me-1"></i> On-Demand Webinars: Medical</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51616-a-guide-to-selecting-power-supplies-for-medical-equipment"> A Guide to Selecting Power Supplies for Medical Equipment</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none" style="width:80px"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1733516507/sites/mdb/econa-16x9/52229/1000/120624-mdb-podcast_sensors.jpeg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-podcast me-1"></i> Podcasts: Wearables</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52229-the-rise-of-advanced-sensor-technologies"> The Rise of Advanced Sensor Technologies</a></p></div></div></div> <div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[450,450],[300,300]],div_id:'GAM_pos_22_modid_412',target_pos:'22',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_22_modid_412' class=""></div></div></div> <div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script 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