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id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Philanthropy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Philanthropy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Philanthropy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Philanthropy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">MacKenzie Scott</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 36 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-36" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">36 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%8A_%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88%D8%AA" title="ماكنزي سكوت – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ماكنزي سكوت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacKenzie_Scott" title="MacKenzie Scott – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="MacKenzie Scott" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Маккензи Скот – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Маккензи Скот" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacKenzie_Scott" title="MacKenzie Scott – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="MacKenzie Scott" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacKenzie_Scottov%C3%A1" title="MacKenzie Scottová – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="MacKenzie Scottová" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacKenzie_Scott" title="MacKenzie Scott – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="MacKenzie Scott" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacKenzie_Scott" title="MacKenzie Scott – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="MacKenzie Scott" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacKenzie_Scott" title="MacKenzie Scott – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="MacKenzie Scott" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="مکنزی اسکات – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مکنزی اسکات" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacKenzie_Scott" title="MacKenzie Scott – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="MacKenzie Scott" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%A5%EC%BC%84%EC%A7%80_%EC%8A%A4%EC%BD%A7" title="맥켄지 스콧 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="맥켄지 스콧" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D6%84%D5%94%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A6%D5%AB_%D5%8D%D6%84%D5%B8%D5%A9" title="ՄաքՔենզի Սքոթ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="ՄաքՔենզի Սքոթ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacKenzie_Scott" title="MacKenzie Scott – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="MacKenzie Scott" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacKenzie_Scott" title="MacKenzie Scott – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="MacKenzie Scott" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%96%D7%99_%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%98" title="מקנזי סקוט – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מקנזי סקוט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacKenzie_Scott" title="MacKenzie Scott – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="MacKenzie Scott" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%89_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%B3" title="ماكنزى بيزوس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ماكنزى بيزوس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%87%E1%80%AE_%E1%80%85%E1%80%80%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B7" title="မက်ကန်ဇီ စကော့ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မက်ကန်ဇီ စကော့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacKenzie_Scott" title="MacKenzie Scott – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="MacKenzie Scott" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%83%E3%82%B1%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B8%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B9%E3%82%B3%E3%83%83%E3%83%88" title="マッケンジー・スコット – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マッケンジー・スコット" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacKenzie_Scott" title="MacKenzie Scott – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="MacKenzie Scott" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacKenzie_Scott" title="MacKenzie Scott – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="MacKenzie Scott" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%B3" title="میکنزی بیزوس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="میکنزی بیزوس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacKenzie_Scott" title="MacKenzie Scott – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="MacKenzie Scott" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacKenzie_Scott" title="MacKenzie Scott – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="MacKenzie Scott" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacKenzie_Scott" title="MacKenzie Scott – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="MacKenzie Scott" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82,_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Скотт, Маккензи – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Скотт, Маккензи" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacKenzie_Bezos" title="MacKenzie Bezos – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="MacKenzie Bezos" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacKenzie_Scott" title="MacKenzie Scott – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="MacKenzie Scott" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Макензи Скот – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Макензи Скот" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacKenzie_Scott" title="MacKenzie Scott – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="MacKenzie Scott" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacKenzie_Scott" title="MacKenzie Scott – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="MacKenzie Scott" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacKenzie_Scott" title="MacKenzie Scott – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="MacKenzie Scott" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D1%96_%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="Маккензі Скотт – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Маккензі Скотт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%B3" title="میکنزی بیزوس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="میکنزی بیزوس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%91%AA%E8%82%AF%E8%A5%BF%C2%B7%E5%8F%B2%E8%80%83%E7%89%B9" title="瑪肯西·史考特 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="瑪肯西·史考特" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q10322797#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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searchaux" style="display:none">American philanthropist and novelist (born 1970)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the musician named Mackenzie Scott, see <a href="/wiki/Torres_(musician)" title="Torres (musician)">Torres (musician)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Scott_MacKenzie_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Scott MacKenzie (disambiguation)">Scott MacKenzie</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">MacKenzie Scott</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:MacKenzie_Scott.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/MacKenzie_Scott.jpg" decoding="async" width="82" height="104" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="82" data-file-height="104" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Scott in 2016</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">MacKenzie Scott Tuttle</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1970-04-07</span>) </span>April 7, 1970<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 54)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace">San Francisco, California, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">MacKenzie Bezos</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Novelist</li><li>philanthropist</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Notable work</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Testing_of_Luther_Albright" title="The Testing of Luther Albright">The Testing of Luther Albright</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Bezos" title="Jeff Bezos">Jeff Bezos</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1993; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 2019)<wbr /></div></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Dan Jewett</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 2021; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 2023)<wbr /></div></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">4</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/American_Book_Awards" title="American Book Awards">American Book Award</a> (2006)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>MacKenzie Scott</b> (<span title="Name at birth"><a href="/wiki/Birth_name#Maiden_and_married_names" title="Birth name">née</a></span> <b>Tuttle</b>, formerly <b>Bezos</b>; born April 7, 1970)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Verge_2020-07-28_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Verge_2020-07-28-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is an American novelist, philanthropist, and ex-wife of <a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a> founder <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Bezos" title="Jeff Bezos">Jeff Bezos</a>. As of June 2024<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MacKenzie_Scott&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, she has a net worth of US$36.1 billion, owning a 4% stake in <a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cbsdec2022_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbsdec2022-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As such, Scott came out of her divorce as the third-wealthiest woman in the United States and the 47th-wealthiest individual in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-mks_net_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mks_net-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scott was named in the list of <a href="/wiki/Forbes_list_of_The_World%27s_100_Most_Powerful_Women" class="mw-redirect" title="Forbes list of The World's 100 Most Powerful Women">world's 100 most powerful women</a> by <i><a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a></i> in 2023<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 2021; including one of <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s <a href="/wiki/Time_100" title="Time 100">100 most influential people</a> in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2006, Scott won an <a href="/wiki/American_Book_Awards" title="American Book Awards">American Book Award</a> for her 2005 <a href="/wiki/Debut_novel" title="Debut novel">debut novel</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Testing_of_Luther_Albright" title="The Testing of Luther Albright">The Testing of Luther Albright</a>.</i><sup id="cite_ref-:2_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her second novel, <i><a href="/wiki/Traps_(Scott_novel)" title="Traps (Scott novel)">Traps</a></i>, was published in 2013. She has been executive director of <a href="/wiki/Bystander_Revolution" title="Bystander Revolution">Bystander Revolution</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Anti-bullying_legislation" title="Anti-bullying legislation">anti-bullying</a> organization, since she founded it in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She is committed to giving at least half of her wealth to charity as a signatory to the <a href="/wiki/The_Giving_Pledge" title="The Giving Pledge">Giving Pledge</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scott made US$5.8 billion in charitable gifts in 2020, one of the largest annual distributions by a private individual to working charities.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She donated a further $2.7 billion in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of mid-December 2022, Scott had given a total of $14 billion to over 1600 charitable organizations.<sup id="cite_ref-cbsdec2022_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbsdec2022-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cnnbusiness_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnnbusiness-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MacKenzie_Scott&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>MacKenzie Scott Tuttle was born on April 7, 1970, in San Francisco, California, to Holiday Robin (née Cuming), a homemaker, and Jason Baker Tuttle, a financial planner.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt22_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt22-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-vogue_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vogue-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She has two brothers.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt22_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt22-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was named after her maternal grandfather, G. Scott Cuming, who worked as an executive and general counsel at <a href="/wiki/El_Paso_Natural_Gas" title="El Paso Natural Gas">El Paso Natural Gas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt22_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt22-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She claims to remember writing seriously at the age of six, when she wrote <i>The Book Worm</i>, a 142-page book that was destroyed in a flood.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1988, she graduated from the <a href="/wiki/Hotchkiss_School" title="Hotchkiss School">Hotchkiss School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lakeville,_Connecticut" title="Lakeville, Connecticut">Lakeville</a>, Connecticut.<sup id="cite_ref-AlumniAchievements_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AlumniAchievements-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1992, Tuttle earned her bachelor's degree in English from <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a>, where she studied under <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Laureate_in_Literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Laureate in Literature">Nobel Laureate in Literature</a> <a href="/wiki/Toni_Morrison" title="Toni Morrison">Toni Morrison</a>, who described Tuttle as "one of the best students I've ever had in my creative writing classes."<sup id="cite_ref-:5_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-vogue_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vogue-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MacKenzie_Scott&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After graduating from college, Tuttle worked as a research assistant to Morrison for the 1992 novel <a href="/wiki/Jazz_(novel)" title="Jazz (novel)"><i>Jazz</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She also worked in an administrative role for <a href="/wiki/Hedge_fund" title="Hedge fund">hedge fund</a> <a href="/wiki/D._E._Shaw_%26_Co." title="D. E. Shaw & Co.">D. E. Shaw</a> in New York City, where she met Jeff Bezos.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Amazon">Amazon</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MacKenzie_Scott&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Amazon"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1993, Scott and Bezos married. The following year, they left D. E. Shaw, moved to <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a>, and Bezos founded <a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a> with Scott's support. Scott was one of Amazon's early key contributors, and was heavily involved in Amazon's early days, working on the company's name, business plan, accounts, and shipping early orders.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_17-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She also negotiated the company's first freight contract.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After 1996, Scott took a less involved role in the business, focusing on her family and literary career.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_17-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literary_career">Literary career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MacKenzie_Scott&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Literary career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2005, Scott wrote her debut novel, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Testing_of_Luther_Albright" title="The Testing of Luther Albright">The Testing of Luther Albright</a></i>, for which she won an <a href="/wiki/American_Book_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="American Book Award">American Book Award</a> in 2006. She said that the book took her ten years to write as she was helping Bezos build Amazon and raising her family.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Toni_Morrison#The_early_21st_century" title="Toni Morrison">Toni Morrison</a>, her former professor, reviewed the book as "a rarity: a sophisticated novel that breaks and swells the heart".<sup id="cite_ref-:5_17-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her second novel, <i>Traps</i>, was published in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/NPD_BookScan" class="mw-redirect" title="NPD BookScan">NPD BookScan</a>, sales of her books were modest.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_17-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MacKenzie_Scott&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Naturalization_Ceremony_(27590969882).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Naturalization_Ceremony_%2827590969882%29.jpg/220px-Naturalization_Ceremony_%2827590969882%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Naturalization_Ceremony_%2827590969882%29.jpg/330px-Naturalization_Ceremony_%2827590969882%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Naturalization_Ceremony_%2827590969882%29.jpg/440px-Naturalization_Ceremony_%2827590969882%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="854" /></a><figcaption>At a <a href="/wiki/Naturalization" title="Naturalization">naturalization</a> ceremony on June 14, 2016 (blue dress)</figcaption></figure> <p>Scott was married to <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Bezos" title="Jeff Bezos">Jeff Bezos</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-bezosp_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bezosp-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Snider2019_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Snider2019-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whom she met while working as an administrative assistant at <a href="/wiki/D._E._Shaw_%26_Co." title="D. E. Shaw & Co.">D.E. Shaw</a> in 1992. After three months of dating, they married and moved from Manhattan to <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle, Washington</a>, in 1994.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_17-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They have four children: three sons, and a daughter.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Their <a href="/wiki/Community_property" title="Community property">community property divorce</a> in 2019 left Scott with US$35.6 billion in Amazon stock, but her former husband retained 75% of the couple's Amazon stock.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_17-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She became the <a href="/wiki/List_of_female_billionaires" title="List of female billionaires">third-wealthiest woman in the world</a> and one of the <a href="/wiki/The_World%27s_Billionaires" title="The World's Billionaires">wealthiest people overall</a> in April 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_17-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2020, Scott was ranked the 22nd-richest person in the world by <i>Forbes</i> with a net worth estimated at $36 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-ForbesProfile_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ForbesProfile-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By September 2020, Scott was named the world's richest woman, and by December 2020, her net worth was estimated at $62 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After her divorce from Jeff Bezos, MacKenzie Bezos changed her name to MacKenzie Scott, with the surname deriving from her middle name given at birth.<sup id="cite_ref-Verge_2020-07-28_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Verge_2020-07-28-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2021, Scott then married <a href="/wiki/Lakeside_School_(Seattle)" title="Lakeside School (Seattle)">Lakeside School</a> science teacher Dan Jewett.<sup id="cite_ref-ex-husband_info_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ex-husband_info-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The marriage was revealed in Jewett's <a href="/wiki/Giving_Pledge" class="mw-redirect" title="Giving Pledge">Giving Pledge</a> letter posted in March 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2022, Scott filed for divorce, which was finalized in January 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Philanthropy">Philanthropy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MacKenzie_Scott&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Philanthropy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In May 2019, Scott signed the <a href="/wiki/The_Giving_Pledge" title="The Giving Pledge">Giving Pledge</a>, a charitable-giving campaign in which she undertook to give away most of her wealth to charity over her lifetime or in her will. Despite its name, the pledge is not legally binding.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a July 2020 <a href="/wiki/Medium_(website)" title="Medium (website)">Medium</a> post,<sup id="cite_ref-Scott_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scott-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scott announced that she had donated $1.7 billion to 116 non-profit organizations, with a focus on racial equality, LGBTQ+ equality, democracy, and climate change.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her gifts to <a href="/wiki/Historically_black_colleges_and_universities" title="Historically black colleges and universities">HBCUs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hispanic-serving_institution" title="Hispanic-serving institution">Hispanic-serving institutions</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tribal_colleges_and_universities" title="Tribal colleges and universities">tribal colleges and universities</a>, and other colleges surpass $800 million.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2020, less than six months later, Scott stated that she had donated a further $4.15 billion in the previous four months to 384 organizations, with a focus on providing support to people affected by the <a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" title="Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic</a> and addressing long-term systemic inequities.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She said that after July, she wanted her advisory team to give her wealth away faster as the United States struggled with the unprecedented impact of COVID-19 while billionaires' wealth continued to climb. Her team's focus was on "identifying organizations with strong leadership teams and results, with special attention to those operating in communities facing high projected food insecurity, high measures of racial inequity, high local poverty rates, and low access to philanthropic capital."<sup id="cite_ref-mackenzie-scott.medium.com_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mackenzie-scott.medium.com-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scott's 2020 charitable giving totaled $5.8 billion, one of the largest annual distributions by a private individual to working charities.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Scott announced another $2.7 billion in giving to 286 organizations in June 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a></i> reported that Scott donated $8.5 billion across 780 organizations in one year (July 2020 to July 2021).<sup id="cite_ref-forbes2021_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forbes2021-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 2021, Scott and <a href="/wiki/Melinda_French_Gates" title="Melinda French Gates">Melinda French Gates</a> launched the Equality Can't Wait Challenge, a contest to promote gender equality<sup id="cite_ref-bloomberg21_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bloomberg21-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and expanding women's power and influence in the United States by 2030.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The four winners received $10 million each, and an additional $8 million was split between the two finalists.<sup id="cite_ref-bloomberg21_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bloomberg21-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 2022, nine organizations announced gifts from Scott totaling $264.5 million.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Association_for_Women%27s_Rights_in_Development" title="Association for Women's Rights in Development">Association for Women's Rights in Development</a> received a $15 million donation.<sup id="cite_ref-Salas_&_Duque_2023_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Salas_&_Duque_2023-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On March 23, 2022, more gifts were announced, including $436 million to <a href="/wiki/Habitat_for_Humanity" title="Habitat for Humanity">Habitat for Humanity</a><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and $275 million to <a href="/wiki/Planned_Parenthood" title="Planned Parenthood">Planned Parenthood</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 2022, the Big Brothers, Big Sisters foundation reported a $122.6 million donation from Scott.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scott has also made donations to organizations in <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a>, India, Brazil, <a href="/wiki/Micronesia" title="Micronesia">Micronesia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin America</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2022, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> reported that Scott's donations since 2019 have exceeded $12 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt22_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt22-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2022, Scott donated two of her Beverly Hills homes, worth a combined $55 million, to the California Community Foundation (CCF), which provides grants to mission-based nonprofits in Los Angeles. The organization intended to sell both homes and use 90% of the earnings to fund affordable housing initiatives and direct the other 10% to an immigrant integration program.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 2022, Scott donated $84.5 million to <a href="/wiki/Girl_Scouts_of_the_USA" title="Girl Scouts of the USA">Girl Scouts of the USA</a> and its 29 local councils. This was the largest donation from an individual in the organization’s history.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of November 2022, Scott had donated almost $14 billion to 1500 organizations.<sup id="cite_ref-cnnbusiness_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnnbusiness-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2023, Scott announced an "open call" for community-focused nonprofits with annual budgets between $1 and $5 million<sup id="cite_ref-apscott24_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apscott24-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that she could fund. Scott planned to make unrestricted $1 million donations to 250 nonprofits selected in the process.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lever for Change announced that Scott's open call for grants prompted 6,000 applicants.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The result was announced on March 19, 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-cnn2024_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn2024-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She ended up donating $640 million to 361 small nonprofits, giving more than double what the original open call planned for,<sup id="cite_ref-cnn2024_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn2024-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with 279 non-profits received $2 million each while 82 groups were given $1 million each.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scott donated nearly $2.2 billion in 2023 to 360 organizations supporting early learning, access to affordable housing, race and gender equity, health equity, and civic and social engagement.<sup id="cite_ref-forbes2023_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forbes2023-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She donated $5 million to the Hawaii Community Foundation. The foundation intended to use 75% of the donation to fund the Maui Strong Fund, a fund created to support the long-term recovery from <a href="/wiki/2023_Hawaii_wildfires" title="2023 Hawaii wildfires">Maui wildfires</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of December 2023, Scott had donated more than $16 billion to non-profit organizations.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 2024, Scott's donations has reached $17.2 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Forbes</i> reported, "the unrestricted and ultimately more trusting nature of Scott's philanthropy is the exception, not the norm in their world."<sup id="cite_ref-forbes2021_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forbes2021-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> noted that "Ms. Scott has turned traditional philanthropy on its head... by disbursing her money quickly and without much hoopla, Ms. Scott has pushed the focus away from the giver, and onto the nonprofits, she is trying to help."<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scott stated she believed "teams with experience on the front lines of challenges will know best how to put the money to good use."<sup id="cite_ref-mackenzie-scott.medium.com_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mackenzie-scott.medium.com-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to a report from the Center for Effective Philanthropy, slightly more than half of the 277 nonprofit organizations surveyed stated that their grant from Scott has made fundraising easier, with some saying they are able to use it as leverage with other donors and the large gift "has enabled organizations to focus funds where they were most needed to achieve their mission."<sup id="cite_ref-cnnbusiness_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnnbusiness-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Senior Vice President of the Rockefeller Philanthropy Advisors, Renee Karibi-Whyte, competitions like Scott's open call can help organizations who do not have connections with a specific funder get considered.<sup id="cite_ref-apscott24_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apscott24-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2021, Scott faced backlash for a Medium post when she stated she would not reveal how much money she has donated or to whom.<sup id="cite_ref-town&country_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-town&country-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She subsequently announced that her team would build a website to share details of her philanthropy.<sup id="cite_ref-town&country_65-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-town&country-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2022, she posted the link to her donation database, called Yield Giving.<sup id="cite_ref-cbsdec2022_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbsdec2022-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Per the website, "Yield is named after a belief in adding value by giving up control."<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MacKenzie_Scott&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/The_Testing_of_Luther_Albright" title="The Testing of Luther Albright"><i>The Testing of Luther Albright</i></a>. Fourth Estate. 2005. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-00-719287-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-00-719287-8"><bdi>978-0-00-719287-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Testing+of+Luther+Albright&rft.pub=Fourth+Estate&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-00-719287-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Traps_(Scott_novel)" title="Traps (Scott novel)"><i>Traps</i></a>. Knopf. 2013. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-307-95973-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-307-95973-7"><bdi>978-0-307-95973-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Traps&rft.pub=Knopf&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-307-95973-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span><sup id="cite_ref-:6_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MacKenzie_Scott&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Princeton_University_people" title="List of Princeton University people">List of Princeton University alumni</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MacKenzie_Scott&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrotter2019" class="citation web cs1">Trotter, J.K. (January 22, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.insider.com/what-we-know-about-jeff-bezos-religious-beliefs-after-divorce-2019-1">"What we know, and don't know, about Jeff Bezos' religious beliefs"</a>. <i>Insider</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/vSiJY">Archived</a> from the original on July 31, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 12,</span> 2020</span>. <q>...marriage of Jeffrey Preston Bezos and MacKenzie Scott Tuttle.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Insider&rft.atitle=What+we+know%2C+and+don%27t+know%2C+about+Jeff+Bezos%27+religious+beliefs&rft.date=2019-01-22&rft.aulast=Trotter&rft.aufirst=J.K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.insider.com%2Fwhat-we-know-about-jeff-bezos-religious-beliefs-after-divorce-2019-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Verge_2020-07-28-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Verge_2020-07-28_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Verge_2020-07-28_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStatt2020" class="citation news cs1">Statt, Nick (July 28, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2020/7/28/21345440/mackenzie-scott-jeff-bezos-amazon-wealth-donation-philanthropy">"MacKenzie Scott has already donated nearly $1.7 billion of her Amazon wealth since divorcing Jeff Bezos"</a>. <i>The Verge</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 28,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=MacKenzie+Scott+has+already+donated+nearly+%241.7+billion+of+her+Amazon+wealth+since+divorcing+Jeff+Bezos.&rft.date=2020-07-28&rft.aulast=Statt&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2020%2F7%2F28%2F21345440%2Fmackenzie-scott-jeff-bezos-amazon-wealth-donation-philanthropy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/profile/mackenzie-scott/">"MacKenzie Scott"</a>. <i>Forbes</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=MacKenzie+Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fprofile%2Fmackenzie-scott%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cbsdec2022-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cbsdec2022_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cbsdec2022_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cbsdec2022_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/mackenzie-scott-donations-gifts-website/">"Here's how much money MacKenzie Scott has given away in recent years"</a>. <i>www.cbsnews.com</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 28,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Business&rft.atitle=MacKenzie+Scott%2C+formerly+Bezos%2C+says+she+has+given+away+%241.7+billion+of+her+wealth+so+far.&rft.date=2020-07-28&rft.aulast=Iyengar&rft.aufirst=Rishi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2020%2F07%2F28%2Ftech%2Fmackenzie-scott-bezos-donation%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/education/mackenzie-scott-hbcu-donations/2020/12/17/0ce9ef5a-406f-11eb-8db8-395dedaaa036_story.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Transformational': MacKenzie Scott's gifts to HBCUs, other colleges surpass $800 million"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220731050035/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/education/mackenzie-scott-hbcu-donations/2020/12/17/0ce9ef5a-406f-11eb-8db8-395dedaaa036_story.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 31, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=%27Transformational%27%3A+MacKenzie+Scott%27s+gifts+to+HBCUs%2C+other+colleges+surpass+%24800+million&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Feducation%2Fmackenzie-scott-hbcu-donations%2F2020%2F12%2F17%2F0ce9ef5a-406f-11eb-8db8-395dedaaa036_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2020/12/18/mackenzie-scott-college-donation-list-hbcus/">"The historic MacKenzie Scott gifts to historically Black colleges and others: Which schools got how much"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220731050636/https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2020/12/18/mackenzie-scott-college-donation-list-hbcus/">Archived</a> from the original on July 31, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=The+historic+MacKenzie+Scott+gifts+to+historically+Black+colleges+and+others%3A+Which+schools+got+how+much&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Feducation%2F2020%2F12%2F18%2Fmackenzie-scott-college-donation-list-hbcus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKulish2020" class="citation news cs1">Kulish, Nicholas (December 16, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/15/business/mackenzie-scott-donations.html">"MacKenzie Scott Announces $4.2 Billion More in Charitable Giving"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201216010005/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/15/business/mackenzie-scott-donations.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 16, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 16,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=MacKenzie+Scott+Announces+%244.2+Billion+More+in+Charitable+Giving&rft.date=2020-12-16&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Kulish&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F12%2F15%2Fbusiness%2Fmackenzie-scott-donations.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mackenzie-scott.medium.com-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mackenzie-scott.medium.com_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mackenzie-scott.medium.com_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott2020" class="citation web cs1">Scott, MacKenzie (December 15, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mackenzie-scott.medium.com/384-ways-to-help-45d0b9ac6ad8">"384 Ways to Help"</a>. <i>Medium</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220731050832/https://mackenzie-scott.medium.com/384-ways-to-help-45d0b9ac6ad8">Archived</a> from the original on July 31, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 26,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Medium&rft.atitle=384+Ways+to+Help&rft.date=2020-12-15&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=MacKenzie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmackenzie-scott.medium.com%2F384-ways-to-help-45d0b9ac6ad8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDolan" class="citation web cs1">Dolan, Kerry A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/kerryadolan/2020/12/15/mackenzie-bezos-scott-announces-shes-donated-41-billion-to-384-groups-in-recent-months/">"Mackenzie (Bezos) Scott Announces She's Donated $4.1 Billion To 384 Groups In Recent Months"</a>. <i>Forbes</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20230324113646/https://www.forbes.com/sites/kerryadolan/2020/12/15/mackenzie-bezos-scott-announces-shes-donated-41-billion-to-384-groups-in-recent-months/?sh=22c84c823fd3">Archived</a> from the original on March 24, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 16,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=Mackenzie+%28Bezos%29+Scott+Announces+She%27s+Donated+%244.1+Billion+To+384+Groups+In+Recent+Months&rft.aulast=Dolan&rft.aufirst=Kerry+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Fkerryadolan%2F2020%2F12%2F15%2Fmackenzie-bezos-scott-announces-shes-donated-41-billion-to-384-groups-in-recent-months%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/jun/15/philanthropist-mackenzie-scott-gives-away-2bn-to-286-organisations">"Philanthropist MacKenzie Scott gives away $2.7bn to hundreds of charities"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. June 15, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220731051414/https://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/jun/15/philanthropist-mackenzie-scott-gives-away-2bn-to-286-organisations">Archived</a> from the original on July 31, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Philanthropist+MacKenzie+Scott+gives+away+%242.7bn+to+hundreds+of+charities&rft.date=2021-06-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fsociety%2F2021%2Fjun%2F15%2Fphilanthropist-mackenzie-scott-gives-away-2bn-to-286-organisations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-forbes2021-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-forbes2021_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-forbes2021_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/lisettevoytko/2021/07/07/inside-mackenzie-scotts-no-strings-attached-philanthropy-i-was-in-tears/?sh=7a952ac45bb6">"Inside MacKenzie Scott's 'No Strings Attached' Philanthropy: 'I Was In Tears'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Forbes</i>. July 7, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/HYWtr">Archived</a> from the original on July 31, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=Inside+MacKenzie+Scott%27s+%27No+Strings+Attached%27+Philanthropy%3A+%27I+Was+In+Tears%27&rft.date=2021-07-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Flisettevoytko%2F2021%2F07%2F07%2Finside-mackenzie-scotts-no-strings-attached-philanthropy-i-was-in-tears%2F%3Fsh%3D7a952ac45bb6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bloomberg21-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bloomberg21_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bloomberg21_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAvi-Yonah2021" class="citation web cs1">Avi-Yonah, Shera (July 29, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-07-29/scott-french-gates-give-40-million-to-gender-equality-groups">"MacKenzie Scott, Melinda French Gates Give $40 Million to Gender Equality Groups"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_News" title="Bloomberg News">Bloomberg News</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20230324111726/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-07-29/scott-french-gates-give-40-million-to-gender-equality-groups">Archived</a> from the original on March 24, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 1,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg+News&rft.atitle=MacKenzie+Scott%2C+Melinda+French+Gates+Give+%2440+Million+to+Gender+Equality+Groups&rft.date=2021-07-29&rft.aulast=Avi-Yonah&rft.aufirst=Shera&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2021-07-29%2Fscott-french-gates-give-40-million-to-gender-equality-groups&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGrath2021" class="citation web cs1">McGrath, Maggie (July 29, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/maggiemcgrath/2021/07/29/melinda-french-gates-awards-40-million-to-the-winners-of-the-equality-cant-wait-challenge/?sh=372750d9590c">"Melinda French Gates And MacKenzie Scott Award $40 Million To The Winners Of The Equality Can't Wait Challenge"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20230324112505/https://www.forbes.com/sites/maggiemcgrath/2021/07/29/melinda-french-gates-awards-40-million-to-the-winners-of-the-equality-cant-wait-challenge/?sh=3cfd994a590c">Archived</a> from the original on March 24, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 1,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=Melinda+French+Gates+And+MacKenzie+Scott+Award+%2440+Million+To+The+Winners+Of+The+Equality+Can%27t+Wait+Challenge&rft.date=2021-07-29&rft.aulast=McGrath&rft.aufirst=Maggie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Fmaggiemcgrath%2F2021%2F07%2F29%2Fmelinda-french-gates-awards-40-million-to-the-winners-of-the-equality-cant-wait-challenge%2F%3Fsh%3D372750d9590c&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSandler2021" class="citation web cs1">Sandler, Rachel (February 12, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/rachelsandler/2022/02/12/heres-who-mackenzie-scott-donated-to-so-far-in-february/?sh=26a1574466c1">"Here's Who MacKenzie Scott Donated To So Far In February"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20230324113333/https://www.forbes.com/sites/rachelsandler/2022/02/12/heres-who-mackenzie-scott-donated-to-so-far-in-february/?sh=56555b9466c1">Archived</a> from the original on March 24, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 1,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=Here%27s+Who+MacKenzie+Scott+Donated+To+So+Far+In+February&rft.date=2021-02-12&rft.aulast=Sandler&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Frachelsandler%2F2022%2F02%2F12%2Fheres-who-mackenzie-scott-donated-to-so-far-in-february%2F%3Fsh%3D26a1574466c1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Salas_&_Duque_2023-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Salas_&_Duque_2023_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalasDuque2023" class="citation web cs1">Salas, Margarita; Duque, Astrid (October 2, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.awid.org/sites/default/files/2023-10/AWID-2022-Annual-Report_ENGLISH.pdf">"AWID 2022 Annual Report"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. With contributions from all AWID staff. The Association for Women’s Rights in Development. p. 24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 17,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AWID+2022+Annual+Report&rft.pages=24&rft.pub=The+Association+for+Women%E2%80%99s+Rights+in+Development&rft.date=2023-10-02&rft.aulast=Salas&rft.aufirst=Margarita&rft.au=Duque%2C+Astrid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.awid.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2F2023-10%2FAWID-2022-Annual-Report_ENGLISH.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.habitat.org/newsroom/2022/habitat-humanity-international-and-84-us-habitat-affiliates-receive-transformational">"Habitat for Humanity International and 84 U.S. Habitat affiliates receive transformational $436M gift from MacKenzie Scott"</a>. <i>Habitat for Humanity</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220731052302/https://www.habitat.org/newsroom/2022/habitat-humanity-international-and-84-us-habitat-affiliates-receive-transformational">Archived</a> from the original on July 31, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 24,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Habitat+for+Humanity&rft.atitle=Habitat+for+Humanity+International+and+84+U.S.+Habitat+affiliates+receive+transformational+%24436M+gift+from+MacKenzie+Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.habitat.org%2Fnewsroom%2F2022%2Fhabitat-humanity-international-and-84-us-habitat-affiliates-receive-transformational&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFranklin2022" class="citation news cs1">Franklin, Jonathan (March 23, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2022/03/23/1088390733/mackenzie-scott-donation-planned-parenthood">"MacKenzie Scott makes a record $275 million donation to Planned Parenthood"</a>. <i>NPR</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220731052441/https://www.npr.org/2022/03/23/1088390733/mackenzie-scott-donation-planned-parenthood">Archived</a> from the original on July 31, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 24,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NPR&rft.atitle=MacKenzie+Scott+makes+a+record+%24275+million+donation+to+Planned+Parenthood&rft.date=2022-03-23&rft.aulast=Franklin&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2022%2F03%2F23%2F1088390733%2Fmackenzie-scott-donation-planned-parenthood&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott2022" class="citation web cs1">Scott, MacKenzie (March 23, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mackenzie-scott.medium.com/helping-any-of-us-can-help-us-all-f4c7487818d9">"Helping Any of Us Can Help Us All"</a>. <i>Medium</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220731052620/https://mackenzie-scott.medium.com/helping-any-of-us-can-help-us-all-f4c7487818d9">Archived</a> from the original on July 31, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 24,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Medium&rft.atitle=Helping+Any+of+Us+Can+Help+Us+All&rft.date=2022-03-23&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=MacKenzie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmackenzie-scott.medium.com%2Fhelping-any-of-us-can-help-us-all-f4c7487818d9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbbs.org/2022/05/big-brothers-big-sisters-on-path-to-transform-mentorship-in-america-with-122-6-million-donation-from-mackenzie-scott/">"Big Brothers Big Sisters on Path to Transform Mentorship in America with $122.6 Million Donation from MacKenzie Scott"</a>. <i>BBBS</i>. May 24, 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220731052847/https://www.bbbs.org/2022/05/big-brothers-big-sisters-on-path-to-transform-mentorship-in-america-with-122-6-million-donation-from-mackenzie-scott/">Archived</a> from the original on July 31, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 25,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBBS&rft.atitle=Big+Brothers+Big+Sisters+on+Path+to+Transform+Mentorship+in+America+with+%24122.6+Million+Donation+from+MacKenzie+Scott&rft.date=2022-05-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbbs.org%2F2022%2F05%2Fbig-brothers-big-sisters-on-path-to-transform-mentorship-in-america-with-122-6-million-donation-from-mackenzie-scott%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarques2022" class="citation web cs1">Marques, Felipe (April 5, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-04-05/billionaire-mackenzie-scott-expands-her-donations-to-brazil-india-and-kenya">"MacKenzie Scott Is Expanding Her $12.4 Billion Giving Spree Globally"</a>. <i>Bloomberg News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20220405163258/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-04-05/billionaire-mackenzie-scott-expands-her-donations-to-brazil-india-and-kenya">Archived</a> from the original on April 5, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 21,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg+News&rft.atitle=MacKenzie+Scott+Is+Expanding+Her+%2412.4+Billion+Giving+Spree+Globally&rft.date=2022-04-05&rft.aulast=Marques&rft.aufirst=Felipe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2022-04-05%2Fbillionaire-mackenzie-scott-expands-her-donations-to-brazil-india-and-kenya&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSauer2022" class="citation web cs1">Sauer, Megan (September 13, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2022/09/13/mackenzie-scott-donates-beverly-hills-mansions-for-affordable-housing.html">"Billionaire MacKenzie Scott just donated two Beverly Hills mansions worth $55 million to fund affordable housing in LA"</a>. <i>CNBC</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220915064539/https://www.cnbc.com/2022/09/13/mackenzie-scott-donates-beverly-hills-mansions-for-affordable-housing.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 15, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNBC&rft.atitle=Billionaire+MacKenzie+Scott+just+donated+two+Beverly+Hills+mansions+worth+%2455+million+to+fund+affordable+housing+in+LA&rft.date=2022-09-13&rft.aulast=Sauer&rft.aufirst=Megan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2022%2F09%2F13%2Fmackenzie-scott-donates-beverly-hills-mansions-for-affordable-housing.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.girlscouts.org/en/footer/press-room/2022-press-announcements/girl-scouts-receives-84-million-dollar-donation-from-mackenzie-scott.html">"Girl Scouts Receives $84.5 Million Donation from MacKenzie Scott"</a>. <i>Girl Scout of the USA</i>. October 18, 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221223013834/https://www.girlscouts.org/en/footer/press-room/2022-press-announcements/girl-scouts-receives-84-million-dollar-donation-from-mackenzie-scott.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 23, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 23,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Girl+Scout+of+the+USA&rft.atitle=Girl+Scouts+Receives+%2484.5+Million+Donation+from+MacKenzie+Scott&rft.date=2022-10-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.girlscouts.org%2Fen%2Ffooter%2Fpress-room%2F2022-press-announcements%2Fgirl-scouts-receives-84-million-dollar-donation-from-mackenzie-scott.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-apscott24-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-apscott24_54-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-apscott24_54-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeaty2024" class="citation news cs1">Beaty, Thalia (March 21, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/mackenzie-scott-open-call-yield-giving-bezos-ae809a469080e9e61a945a14a230629e">"MacKenzie Scott donates $640 million, more than doubling her planned gifts to nonprofit applicants"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Associated_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="The Associated Press">The Associated Press</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240321080845/https://apnews.com/article/mackenzie-scott-open-call-yield-giving-bezos-ae809a469080e9e61a945a14a230629e">Archived</a> from the original on March 21, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 21,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Associated+Press&rft.atitle=MacKenzie+Scott+donates+%24640+million%2C+more+than+doubling+her+planned+gifts+to+nonprofit+applicants&rft.date=2024-03-21&rft.aulast=Beaty&rft.aufirst=Thalia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fmackenzie-scott-open-call-yield-giving-bezos-ae809a469080e9e61a945a14a230629e&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGamboa2023" class="citation news cs1">Gamboa, Glenn (March 21, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2023/03/21/mackenzie-scott-open-call-philanthropy/ae8cfeb8-c7f1-11ed-9cc5-a58a4f6d84cd_story.html">"MacKenzie Scott sets new 'open call' to donate $250 million"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20230322173329/https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2023/03/21/mackenzie-scott-open-call-philanthropy/ae8cfeb8-c7f1-11ed-9cc5-a58a4f6d84cd_story.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 22, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 24,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=MacKenzie+Scott+sets+new+%27open+call%27+to+donate+%24250+million&rft.date=2023-03-21&rft.aulast=Gamboa&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fbusiness%2F2023%2F03%2F21%2Fmackenzie-scott-open-call-philanthropy%2Fae8cfeb8-c7f1-11ed-9cc5-a58a4f6d84cd_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeatyThe_Associated_Press2023" class="citation news cs1">Beaty, Thalia; The Associated Press (July 19, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fortune.com/2023/07/19/billionaire-philanthropist-mackenzie-scott-open-call-grants/amp/">"Billionaire philanthropist MacKenzie Scott sets off a frenzy for $1 million grants as over 6,000 applicants pour in for 250 slots"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Fortune_(magazine)" title="Fortune (magazine)">Fortune</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20231222022509/https://fortune.com/2023/07/19/billionaire-philanthropist-mackenzie-scott-open-call-grants/amp/">Archived</a> from the original on December 22, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 22,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fortune&rft.atitle=Billionaire+philanthropist+MacKenzie+Scott+sets+off+a+frenzy+for+%241+million+grants+as+over+6%2C000+applicants+pour+in+for+250+slots&rft.date=2023-07-19&rft.aulast=Beaty&rft.aufirst=Thalia&rft.au=The+Associated+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffortune.com%2F2023%2F07%2F19%2Fbillionaire-philanthropist-mackenzie-scott-open-call-grants%2Famp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cnn2024-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cnn2024_57-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cnn2024_57-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaruf2024" class="citation news cs1">Maruf, Ramishah (March 19, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2024/03/19/business/mackenzie-scott-donates-640-million-open-call/index.html">"MacKenzie Scott donates $640 million after open call for nonprofits"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN_Business" title="CNN Business">CNN Business</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240321082457/https://edition.cnn.com/2024/03/19/business/mackenzie-scott-donates-640-million-open-call/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 21, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 21,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Business&rft.atitle=MacKenzie+Scott+donates+%24640+million+after+open+call+for+nonprofits&rft.date=2024-03-19&rft.aulast=Maruf&rft.aufirst=Ramishah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2024%2F03%2F19%2Fbusiness%2Fmackenzie-scott-donates-640-million-open-call%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHalpert2024" class="citation news cs1">Halpert, Madeline (March 21, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-68609687">"MacKenzie Scott donates $640m to US non-profits"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20240321114553/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-68609687">Archived</a> from the original on March 21, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 21,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=MacKenzie+Scott+donates+%24640m+to+US+non-profits&rft.date=2024-03-21&rft.aulast=Halpert&rft.aufirst=Madeline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-us-canada-68609687&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-forbes2023-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-forbes2023_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLiu2023" class="citation web cs1">Liu, Phoebe (December 8, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/phoebeliu/2023/12/08/mackenzie-scott-has-donated-22-billion-to-charity-this-year/?sh=7b5a40d2c143">"MacKenzie Scott Has Donated $2.2 Billion To Charity This Year"</a>. <i>Forbes</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20231211104026/https://www.forbes.com/sites/phoebeliu/2023/12/08/mackenzie-scott-has-donated-22-billion-to-charity-this-year/?sh=6a770485c143">Archived</a> from the original on December 11, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 22,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=MacKenzie+Scott+Has+Donated+%242.2+Billion+To+Charity+This+Year&rft.date=2023-12-08&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Phoebe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Fphoebeliu%2F2023%2F12%2F08%2Fmackenzie-scott-has-donated-22-billion-to-charity-this-year%2F%3Fsh%3D7b5a40d2c143&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBroder_van_Dyke2023" class="citation web cs1">Broder van Dyke, Michelle (December 7, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://spectrumlocalnews.com/hi/hawaii/news/2023/12/07/mackenzie-scott-donates-maui-wildfire">"MacKenzie Scott donates $5 million to Hawaii Community Foundation for Maui wildfire recovery"</a>. <i>Spectrum News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240116131039/https://spectrumlocalnews.com/hi/hawaii/news/2023/12/07/mackenzie-scott-donates-maui-wildfire">Archived</a> from the original on January 16, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 16,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Spectrum+News&rft.atitle=MacKenzie+Scott+donates+%245+million+to+Hawaii+Community+Foundation+for+Maui+wildfire+recovery&rft.date=2023-12-07&rft.aulast=Broder+van+Dyke&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fspectrumlocalnews.com%2Fhi%2Fhawaii%2Fnews%2F2023%2F12%2F07%2Fmackenzie-scott-donates-maui-wildfire&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeaty2023" class="citation web cs1">Beaty, Thalia (December 7, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/mackenzie-scott-donations-962490e92faab36492b7481205ec7249">"Philanthropist MacKenzie Scott reveals the groups that got some of her $2.1 billion in gifts in 2023"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240116131759/https://apnews.com/article/mackenzie-scott-donations-962490e92faab36492b7481205ec7249">Archived</a> from the original on January 16, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 16,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Associated+Press&rft.atitle=Philanthropist+MacKenzie+Scott+reveals+the+groups+that+got+some+of+her+%242.1+billion+in+gifts+in+2023&rft.date=2023-12-07&rft.aulast=Beaty&rft.aufirst=Thalia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fmackenzie-scott-donations-962490e92faab36492b7481205ec7249&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGavin2024" class="citation web cs1">Gavin, William (March 20, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://qz.com/mackenzie-scott-amazon-donate-philanthropy-musk-critici-1851351886">"Amazon co-founder MacKenzie Scott doubles her charitable donations after Elon Musk's criticism"</a>. <i>Quartz</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20240320180714/https://qz.com/mackenzie-scott-amazon-donate-philanthropy-musk-critici-1851351886">Archived</a> from the original on March 20, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 21,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Quartz&rft.atitle=Amazon+co-founder+MacKenzie+Scott+doubles+her+charitable+donations+after+Elon+Musk%27s+criticism&rft.date=2024-03-20&rft.aulast=Gavin&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fqz.com%2Fmackenzie-scott-amazon-donate-philanthropy-musk-critici-1851351886&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/20/business/mackenzie-scott-philanthropy.html">"Giving Billions Fast, MacKenzie Scott Upends Philanthropy"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. December 20, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220731053301/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/20/business/mackenzie-scott-philanthropy.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 31, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Giving+Billions+Fast%2C+MacKenzie+Scott+Upends+Philanthropy&rft.date=2020-12-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F12%2F20%2Fbusiness%2Fmackenzie-scott-philanthropy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_64-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott2021" class="citation web cs1">Scott, MacKenzie (June 16, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mackenzie-scott.medium.com/seeding-by-ceding-ea6de642bf">"Seeding by Ceding"</a>. <i>Medium</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220731053420/https://mackenzie-scott.medium.com/seeding-by-ceding-ea6de642bf">Archived</a> from the original on July 31, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 15,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Medium&rft.atitle=Seeding+by+Ceding&rft.date=2021-06-16&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=MacKenzie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmackenzie-scott.medium.com%2Fseeding-by-ceding-ea6de642bf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-town&country-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-town&country_65-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-town&country_65-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurack2022" class="citation web cs1">Burack, Emily (April 11, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.townandcountrymag.com/society/money-and-power/a39690331/mackenzie-scott-philanthropy-news/">"In 3 Years, MacKenzie Scott Has Donated $12 Billion"</a>. <i>Town & Country</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220802135947/https://www.townandcountrymag.com/society/money-and-power/a39690331/mackenzie-scott-philanthropy-news/">Archived</a> from the original on August 2, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 1,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Town+%26+Country&rft.atitle=In+3+Years%2C+MacKenzie+Scott+Has+Donated+%2412+Billion&rft.date=2022-04-11&rft.aulast=Burack&rft.aufirst=Emily&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.townandcountrymag.com%2Fsociety%2Fmoney-and-power%2Fa39690331%2Fmackenzie-scott-philanthropy-news%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/society/2022/dec/15/mackenzie-scott-billionaire-donations-non-profits">"MacKenzie Scott reveals details of her $14bn in donations to 1,600 non-profits"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. New York, NY. December 15, 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231222023933/https://www.theguardian.com/society/2022/dec/15/mackenzie-scott-billionaire-donations-non-profits">Archived</a> from the original on December 22, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 31,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=MacKenzie+Scott+reveals+details+of+her+%2414bn+in+donations+to+1%2C600+non-profits&rft.date=2022-12-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fsociety%2F2022%2Fdec%2F15%2Fmackenzie-scott-billionaire-donations-non-profits&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yieldgiving.com/">"Yield Giving's website"</a>. <i>Yield Giving</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231222024143/https://yieldgiving.com/">Archived</a> from the original on December 22, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 2,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yield+Giving&rft.atitle=Yield+Giving%27s+website&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyieldgiving.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBezosSutherland2013" class="citation book cs1">Bezos, MacKenzie; Sutherland, Brian (2013). <i>The Testing of Luther Albright</i> (Unabridged ed.). Brilliance Audio. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1480569157" title="Special:BookSources/978-1480569157"><bdi>978-1480569157</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Testing+of+Luther+Albright&rft.edition=Unabridged&rft.pub=Brilliance+Audio&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1480569157&rft.aulast=Bezos&rft.aufirst=MacKenzie&rft.au=Sutherland%2C+Brian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBezos2013" class="citation book cs1">Bezos, MacKenzie (2013). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/traps0000bezo_k0r2"><i>Traps</i></a></span>. New York: Vintage. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0307950291" title="Special:BookSources/978-0307950291"><bdi>978-0307950291</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191217033407/https://archive.org/details/traps0000bezo_k0r2">Archived</a> from the original on December 17, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Traps&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Vintage&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0307950291&rft.aulast=Bezos&rft.aufirst=MacKenzie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftraps0000bezo_k0r2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MacKenzie_Scott&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:MacKenzie_Scott" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:MacKenzie Scott">MacKenzie Scott</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarshall2005" class="citation news cs1">Marshall, John (August 26, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.seattlepi.com/books/238032_book26.html">"Bezos discusses her debut novel and her love for her husband's laugh"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Seattle_Post-Intelligencer" title="Seattle Post-Intelligencer">Seattle Post-Intelligencer</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seattle+Post-Intelligencer&rft.atitle=Bezos+discusses+her+debut+novel+and+her+love+for+her+husband%27s+laugh&rft.date=2005-08-26&rft.aulast=Marshall&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.seattlepi.com%2Fbooks%2F238032_book26.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller2005" class="citation news cs1">Miller, Brian (September 14, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.seattleweekly.com/2005-09-14/arts/profile-mackenzie-bezos">"Profile: MacKenzie Bezos"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Seattle_Weekly" title="Seattle Weekly">Seattle Weekly</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seattle+Weekly&rft.atitle=Profile%3A+MacKenzie+Bezos&rft.date=2005-09-14&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.seattleweekly.com%2F2005-09-14%2Farts%2Fprofile-mackenzie-bezos&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacKenzie+Scott" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Amazon" style="wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Amazon" title="Template:Amazon"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Amazon" title="Template talk:Amazon"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Amazon" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Amazon"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Amazon" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Bezos" title="Jeff Bezos">Jeff Bezos</a> (Founder and Executive Chairman)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Jassy" title="Andy Jassy">Andy Jassy</a> (President and CEO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Vogels" title="Werner Vogels">Werner Vogels</a> (CTO)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Dalzell" title="Rick Dalzell">Rick Dalzell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Davis_(programmer)" title="Paul Davis (programmer)">Paul Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Hsieh" title="Tony Hsieh">Tony Hsieh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_North_(businessman)" title="Christopher North (businessman)">Christopher North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Shriram" title="Ram Shriram">Ram Shriram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Szkutak" title="Tom Szkutak">Tom Szkutak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Valentine" title="Brian Valentine">Brian Valentine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Amazon_locations" title="List of Amazon locations">List of Amazon locations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doppler_(building)" title="Doppler (building)">Doppler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Day_1_(building)" title="Day 1 (building)">Day 1</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amazon_HQ2" title="Amazon HQ2">HQ2</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principal_Place" title="Principal Place">Principal Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Spheres" title="Amazon Spheres">Spheres</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bellevue_600" title="Bellevue 600">Bellevue 600</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products and<br />services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A9.com" title="A9.com">A9.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AbeBooks" title="AbeBooks">AbeBooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Clinic" title="Amazon Clinic">Amazon Clinic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Games" title="Amazon Games">Amazon Games</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Double_Helix_Games" title="Double Helix Games">Double Helix Games</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Lab126" title="Amazon Lab126">Amazon Lab126</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Pharmacy" title="Amazon Pharmacy">Amazon Pharmacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Robotics" title="Amazon Robotics">Amazon Robotics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_University_Esports" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon University Esports">Amazon University Esports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annapurna_Labs" title="Annapurna Labs">Annapurna Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audible_(service)" title="Audible (service)">Audible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blink_Home" title="Blink Home">Blink Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_Labs" title="Body Labs">Body Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_Depository" title="Book Depository">Book Depository</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BookFinder.com" title="BookFinder.com">BookFinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ComiXology" title="ComiXology">ComiXology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Freevee" title="Amazon Freevee">Freevee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AmazonFresh" class="mw-redirect" title="AmazonFresh">Fresh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodreads" title="Goodreads">Goodreads</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goodreads_Choice_Awards" title="Goodreads Choice Awards">Goodreads Choice Awards</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphiq" title="Graphiq">Graphiq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IMDb#IMDbPro" title="IMDb">IMDbPro</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuiper_Systems" title="Kuiper Systems">Kuiper Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1Life_Healthcare" class="mw-redirect" title="1Life Healthcare">One Medical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PillPack" title="PillPack">PillPack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_(company)" title="Ring (company)">Ring</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neighbors_(app)" title="Neighbors (app)">Neighbors</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shopbop" title="Shopbop">Shopbop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souq.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Souq.com">Souq.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twitch_(service)" title="Twitch (service)">Twitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woot" title="Woot">Woot.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zappos" title="Zappos">Zappos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoox_(company)" title="Zoox (company)">Zoox</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cloud<br />computing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Web_Services" title="Amazon Web Services">Web Services</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Machine_Image" title="Amazon Machine Image">AMI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Aurora" title="Amazon Aurora">Amazon Aurora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AWS_Elastic_Beanstalk" title="AWS Elastic Beanstalk">Beanstalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_CloudFront" title="Amazon CloudFront">CloudFront</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_DynamoDB" title="Amazon DynamoDB">DynamoDB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Elastic_Block_Store" title="Amazon Elastic Block Store">EBS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Elastic_Compute_Cloud" title="Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud">EC2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Elastic_File_System" title="Amazon Elastic File System">EFS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_ElastiCache" title="Amazon ElastiCache">ElastiCache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Elastic_MapReduce" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Elastic MapReduce">EMR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Glacier" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Glacier">Glacier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AWS_Glue" title="AWS Glue">Glue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AWS_Lambda" title="AWS Lambda">Lambda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Lightsail" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Lightsail">Lightsail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Mechanical_Turk" title="Amazon Mechanical Turk">MTurk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Neptune" title="Amazon Neptune">Neptune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Product_Advertising_API" title="Amazon Product Advertising API">Product Advertising API</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Relational_Database_Service" title="Amazon Relational Database Service">RDS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Redshift" title="Amazon Redshift">Redshift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Rekognition" title="Amazon Rekognition">Rekognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Route_53" title="Amazon Route 53">Route 53</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_S3" title="Amazon S3">S3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_SageMaker" title="Amazon SageMaker">SageMaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Web_Services" title="Amazon Web Services">SES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Simple_Notification_Service" title="Amazon Simple Notification Service">SNS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_SimpleDB" title="Amazon SimpleDB">SimpleDB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Simple_Queue_Service" title="Amazon Simple Queue Service">SQS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Virtual_Private_Cloud" title="Amazon Virtual Private Cloud">VPC</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)#Website" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon.com</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_China" title="Amazon China">China</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Alexa" title="Amazon Alexa">Alexa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Appstore" title="Amazon Appstore">Appstore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Digital_Game_Store" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Digital Game Store">Digital Game Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_OS" title="Fire OS">Fire OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kindle_Store" title="Kindle Store">Kindle Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Luna" title="Amazon Luna">Luna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Pay" title="Amazon Pay">Payments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Prime" title="Amazon Prime">Prime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_miniTV" title="Amazon miniTV">Amazon miniTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MX_Player" title="MX Player">MX Player</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Key" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Key">Key</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Prime Music">Prime Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Now" title="Prime Now">Prime Now</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Pantry" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Prime Pantry">Prime Pantry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Video" title="Amazon Prime Video">Prime Video</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sports_on_Amazon_Prime_Video" title="Sports on Amazon Prime Video">Sports</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Marketplace" title="Amazon Marketplace">Marketplace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Music" title="Amazon Music">Music</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wondery" title="Wondery">Wondery</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Silk" title="Amazon Silk">Silk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)#AmazonWireless" title="Amazon (company)">Wireless</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Devices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Astro" title="Amazon Astro">Astro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Echo" title="Amazon Echo">Echo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Echo_Show" title="Amazon Echo Show">Show</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Echo_Buds" title="Amazon Echo Buds">Echo Buds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Fire" title="Amazon Fire">Fire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fire_HD" title="Fire HD">Fire HD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_HDX" title="Fire HDX">Fire HDX</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Fire_TV" title="Amazon Fire TV">Fire TV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Fire_TV#Fire_TV_Stick" title="Amazon Fire TV">Stick</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Kindle" title="Amazon Kindle">Kindle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1-Click" title="1-Click">1-Click</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamo_(storage_system)" title="Dynamo (storage system)">Dynamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obidos_(software)" title="Obidos (software)">Obidos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Lumberyard" title="Amazon Lumberyard">Lumberyard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Games" title="Amazon Games">Amazon Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Publishing" title="Amazon Publishing">Amazon Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Breakthrough_Novel_Award" title="Amazon Breakthrough Novel Award">Breakthrough Novel Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon%27s_Best_Books_of_the_Year" title="Amazon's Best Books of the Year">Best Books of the Year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_MGM_Studios" title="Amazon MGM Studios">Amazon MGM Studios</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Artists" title="United Artists">United Artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orion_Pictures" title="Orion Pictures">Orion Pictures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_International_Pictures" title="American International Pictures">American International Pictures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MGM%2B" title="MGM+">MGM+</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kindle_Direct_Publishing" title="Kindle Direct Publishing">Kindle Direct Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YES_Network" title="YES Network">YES Network</a> (15%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retail</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Fresh" title="Amazon Fresh">Amazon Fresh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Go" title="Amazon Go">Amazon Go</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whole_Foods_Market" title="Whole Foods Market">Whole Foods Market</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Logistics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Air" title="Amazon Air">Amazon Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Air" title="Amazon Prime Air">Amazon Prime Air</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/43_Things" title="43 Things">43 Things</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Askville" title="Askville">Askville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexa_Internet" title="Alexa Internet">Alexa Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amapedia" title="Amapedia">Amapedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Books" title="Amazon Books">Amazon Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amie_Street" title="Amie Street">Amie Street</a> (<a href="/wiki/Songza" title="Songza">Songza</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CDNow" title="CDNow">CDNow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Dash" title="Amazon Dash">Dash buttons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Dash#Barcode_scanner" title="Amazon Dash">Dash wand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diapers.com" title="Diapers.com">Diapers.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Photography_Review" title="Digital Photography Review">Digital Photography Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Drive" title="Amazon Drive">Drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endless.com" title="Endless.com">Endless.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_Phone" title="Fire Phone">Fire Phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexcycle" title="Lexcycle">Lexcycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquavista" title="Liquavista">Liquavista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LivingSocial" title="LivingSocial">LivingSocial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LoveFilm" title="LoveFilm">LoveFilm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MGM_Holdings" title="MGM Holdings">MGM Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobipocket" title="Mobipocket">Mobipocket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlanetAll" title="PlanetAll">PlanetAll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reflexive_Entertainment" title="Reflexive Entertainment">Reflexive Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sellaband" title="Sellaband">Sellaband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelfari" title="Shelfari">Shelfari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TenMarks_Education,_Inc." title="TenMarks Education, Inc.">TenMarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treasure_Truck" title="Treasure Truck">Treasure Truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Withoutabox" title="Withoutabox">Withoutabox</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Litigation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Perfect_10,_Inc._v._Amazon.com,_Inc." title="Perfect 10, Inc. v. Amazon.com, Inc.">Perfect 10, Inc. v. Amazon.com, Inc.</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amazon.com,_Inc._v._Barnesandnoble.com,_Inc." title="Amazon.com, Inc. v. Barnesandnoble.com, Inc.">Amazon.com, Inc. v. Barnesandnoble.com, Inc.</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amazon.com_Inc_v_Canada_(Commissioner_of_Patents)" title="Amazon.com Inc v Canada (Commissioner of Patents)">Amazon.com Inc v Canada (Commissioner of Patents)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/FTC_v._Amazon" title="FTC v. Amazon">FTC v. Amazon</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Light" title="Amazon Light">Amazon Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Standard_Identification_Number" title="Amazon Standard Identification Number">ASIN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_Banana_Stand" title="Community Banana Stand">Community Banana Stand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Amazon" title="Criticism of Amazon">Criticism</a> (<a href="/wiki/Amazon_tax" title="Amazon tax">tax</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Fishbowl" title="Amazon Fishbowl">Fishbowl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Amazon" title="History of Amazon">History of Amazon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LibraryThing" title="LibraryThing">LibraryThing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Amazon_brands" title="List of Amazon brands">List of Amazon brands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Amazon_products_and_services" title="List of Amazon products and services">List of Amazon products and services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mergers_and_acquisitions_by_Amazon" title="List of mergers and acquisitions by Amazon">List of mergers and acquisitions by Amazon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Locker" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Locker">Locker</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">MacKenzie Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statistically_improbable_phrase" title="Statistically improbable phrase">Statistically improbable phrase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Vine" title="Amazon Vine">Vine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_worker_organization" title="Amazon worker organization">Worker organization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 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