IEEE Spectrum | LinkedIn

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w-40 papabear:flex-shrink-0 papabear:mr-3 mamabear:flex-shrink-0 mamabear:mr-3 babybear:mb-1"> Website </dt> <dd class="font-sans text-md text-color-text break-words overflow-hidden"> <a class="link-no-visited-state hover:no-underline" data-tracking-control-name="about_website" href="https://www.linkedin.com/redir/redirect?url=https%3A%2F%2Fspectrum%2Eieee%2Eorg%2F&urlhash=VtwN&trk=about_website" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-tracking-will-navigate aria-describedby="websiteLinkDescription"> https://spectrum.ieee.org/ <icon class="align-middle" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/49229g4q0jsla5l1xojq1wob9" aria-hidden="true"></icon> </a> <p class="hidden" id="websiteLinkDescription">External link for IEEE Spectrum</p> </dd> </div> <div class="mb-2 flex papabear:mr-3 mamabear:mr-3 babybear:flex-wrap" data-test-id="about-us__industry"> <dt class="font-sans text-md font-bold text-color-text break-words w-40 papabear:flex-shrink-0 papabear:mr-3 mamabear:flex-shrink-0 mamabear:mr-3 babybear:mb-1"> Industry </dt> <dd class="font-sans text-md text-color-text break-words overflow-hidden"> Book and Periodical Publishing </dd> </div> <div class="mb-2 flex papabear:mr-3 mamabear:mr-3 babybear:flex-wrap" data-test-id="about-us__size"> <dt class="font-sans text-md font-bold text-color-text break-words w-40 papabear:flex-shrink-0 papabear:mr-3 mamabear:flex-shrink-0 mamabear:mr-3 babybear:mb-1"> Company size </dt> <dd class="font-sans text-md text-color-text break-words overflow-hidden"> 1,001-5,000 employees </dd> </div> <div class="mb-2 flex papabear:mr-3 mamabear:mr-3 babybear:flex-wrap" data-test-id="about-us__headquarters"> <dt class="font-sans text-md font-bold text-color-text break-words w-40 papabear:flex-shrink-0 papabear:mr-3 mamabear:flex-shrink-0 mamabear:mr-3 babybear:mb-1"> Headquarters </dt> <dd class="font-sans text-md text-color-text break-words overflow-hidden"> New York, NY </dd> </div> <div class="mb-2 flex papabear:mr-3 mamabear:mr-3 babybear:flex-wrap" data-test-id="about-us__organizationType"> <dt class="font-sans text-md font-bold text-color-text break-words w-40 papabear:flex-shrink-0 papabear:mr-3 mamabear:flex-shrink-0 mamabear:mr-3 babybear:mb-1"> Type </dt> <dd class="font-sans text-md text-color-text break-words overflow-hidden"> Nonprofit </dd> </div>  <div class="mb-2 flex papabear:mr-3 mamabear:mr-3 babybear:flex-wrap" data-test-id="about-us__specialties"> <dt class="font-sans text-md font-bold text-color-text break-words w-40 papabear:flex-shrink-0 papabear:mr-3 mamabear:flex-shrink-0 mamabear:mr-3 babybear:mb-1"> Specialties </dt> <dd class="font-sans text-md text-color-text break-words overflow-hidden"> technology, engineering, science, IEEE, robotics, telecom, energy, computing, aerospace, biomedical, semiconductors, and transportation </dd> </div> </dl> </div> </section>  <section class="core-section-container core-section-container--with-border border-b-1 border-solid border-color-border-faint py-4 locations">  <h2 class="core-section-container__title section-title"> Locations </h2>  <div class="core-section-container__content break-words"> <ul class="show-more-less__list show-more-less__list--no-hidden-elems" data-impression-id="org-locations_show-more-less"> <li class="mb-3 papabear:w-50% papabear:odd:mr-2 papabear:odd:w-[calc(50%-16px)]"> <span class="tag-sm tag-enabled"> Primary </span> <div id="address-0"> <p> 3 Park Ave </p> <p> 17th Fl </p> <p> New York, NY 10016, US </p> </div> <a class="link-no-visited-state hover:no-underline" data-tracking-control-name="org-locations_url" href="https://www.bing.com/maps?where=3+Park+Ave+17th+Fl+New+York+10016+NY+US&trk=org-locations_url" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-tracking-will-navigate aria-describedby="address-0"> Get directions <icon class="align-middle" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/49229g4q0jsla5l1xojq1wob9" aria-hidden="true"></icon> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </section> <section class="core-section-container core-section-container--with-border border-b-1 border-solid border-color-border-faint py-4" data-test-id="employees-at">  <h2 class="core-section-container__title section-title"> Employees at IEEE Spectrum </h2>  <div class="core-section-container__content break-words"> <ul> <li> <a href="https://au.linkedin.com/in/markpesce?trk=org-employees" target="_self" data-tracking-control-name="org-employees" data-tracking-will-navigate class="base-card relative w-full hover:no-underline focus:no-underline base-card--link base-main-card flex flex-wrap py-2 pr-2 babybear:pr-0 base-main-card--link ">  <img class="inline-block relative rounded-[50%] w-6 h-6 " data-delayed-url="https://media.licdn.com/dms/image/v2/C5103AQHnYbRTJKkIVQ/profile-displayphoto-shrink_100_100/profile-displayphoto-shrink_100_100/0/1579335130503?e=2147483647&v=beta&t=3IYEruRRnc0495T8F2boBHQZJRPoDM47tB2k54BpDDQ" data-ghost-classes="bg-color-entity-ghost-background" data-ghost-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/9c8pery4andzj6ohjkjp54ma2" alt="Click here to view Mark Pesce’s profile"> <div class="base-main-card__info self-center ml-1 flex-1 relative break-words papabear:min-w-0 mamabear:min-w-0 babybear:w-full ">  <h3 class="base-main-card__title font-sans text-[18px] font-bold text-color-text overflow-hidden "> Mark Pesce  </h3> <h4 class="base-main-card__subtitle body-text text-color-text overflow-hidden "> Futurist, Speaker, Inventor, Multiple Award-Winning Author and Podcaster, Educator and Entrepreneur. </h4>   </div>  </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://ca.linkedin.com/in/peterfairley?trk=org-employees" target="_self" data-tracking-control-name="org-employees" data-tracking-will-navigate class="base-card relative w-full hover:no-underline focus:no-underline base-card--link base-main-card flex flex-wrap py-2 pr-2 babybear:pr-0 base-main-card--link ">  <img class="inline-block relative rounded-[50%] w-6 h-6 " data-delayed-url="https://media.licdn.com/dms/image/v2/D5603AQENfraapCf3zA/profile-displayphoto-shrink_100_100/profile-displayphoto-shrink_100_100/0/1712169916413?e=2147483647&v=beta&t=LAu6ZjU-E2Ph8AgSzlNMcsCRynMVSEhqadSmQdOHZ6Y" data-ghost-classes="bg-color-entity-ghost-background" data-ghost-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/9c8pery4andzj6ohjkjp54ma2" alt="Click here to view Peter Fairley’s profile"> <div class="base-main-card__info self-center ml-1 flex-1 relative break-words papabear:min-w-0 mamabear:min-w-0 babybear:w-full ">  <h3 class="base-main-card__title font-sans text-[18px] font-bold text-color-text overflow-hidden "> Peter Fairley  </h3> <h4 class="base-main-card__subtitle body-text text-color-text overflow-hidden "> Fact-based insight on global energy </h4>   </div>  </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/steven-rosenbaum?trk=org-employees" target="_self" data-tracking-control-name="org-employees" data-tracking-will-navigate class="base-card relative w-full hover:no-underline focus:no-underline base-card--link base-main-card flex flex-wrap py-2 pr-2 babybear:pr-0 base-main-card--link ">  <img class="inline-block relative rounded-[50%] w-6 h-6 " data-delayed-url="https://media.licdn.com/dms/image/v2/D4E03AQGWsdqPAIqoFw/profile-displayphoto-shrink_100_100/profile-displayphoto-shrink_100_100/0/1714921161085?e=2147483647&v=beta&t=522dTfK04jH8y6_RUI_ufvGHrRDbZBlUX3Xqzo27dSU" data-ghost-classes="bg-color-entity-ghost-background" data-ghost-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/9c8pery4andzj6ohjkjp54ma2" alt="Click here to view Steven Rosenbaum’s profile"> <div class="base-main-card__info self-center ml-1 flex-1 relative break-words papabear:min-w-0 mamabear:min-w-0 babybear:w-full ">  <h3 class="base-main-card__title font-sans text-[18px] font-bold text-color-text overflow-hidden "> Steven Rosenbaum  </h3> <h4 class="base-main-card__subtitle body-text text-color-text overflow-hidden "> Co-Founder / Exec Director: The Sustainable Media Center </h4>   </div>  </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/ericoguizzo?trk=org-employees" target="_self" data-tracking-control-name="org-employees" data-tracking-will-navigate class="base-card relative w-full hover:no-underline focus:no-underline base-card--link base-main-card flex flex-wrap py-2 pr-2 babybear:pr-0 base-main-card--link ">  <img class="inline-block relative rounded-[50%] w-6 h-6 " data-delayed-url="https://media.licdn.com/dms/image/v2/C4E03AQH2AImKe5rb_A/profile-displayphoto-shrink_100_100/profile-displayphoto-shrink_100_100/0/1516212174554?e=2147483647&v=beta&t=qG1Zyv_uOfDFRzI43pwcdMErXY2lBtb_ZH4PBG-yBTk" data-ghost-classes="bg-color-entity-ghost-background" data-ghost-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/9c8pery4andzj6ohjkjp54ma2" alt="Click here to view Erico Guizzo’s profile"> <div class="base-main-card__info self-center ml-1 flex-1 relative break-words papabear:min-w-0 mamabear:min-w-0 babybear:w-full ">  <h3 class="base-main-card__title font-sans text-[18px] font-bold text-color-text overflow-hidden "> Erico Guizzo  </h3> <h4 class="base-main-card__subtitle body-text text-color-text overflow-hidden "> Director of Digital Innovation at IEEE Spectrum, Co-Founder of Robots Guide </h4>   </div>  </a> </li> </ul> <a class="mt-4 inline-block btn-md btn-secondary-emphasis hover:no-underline" href="https://www.linkedin.com/signup?session_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Elinkedin%2Ecom%2Fsearch%2Fresults%2Fpeople%2F%3FfacetCurrentCompany%3D%255B27126221%255D&trk=public_biz_employees-join" data-tracking-control-name="public_biz_employees-join" data-tracking-will-navigate> See all employees </a> </div> </section> <section class="core-section-container core-section-container--with-border border-b-1 border-solid border-color-border-faint py-4 updates" data-test-id="updates">  <h2 class="core-section-container__title section-title"> Updates </h2>  <div class="core-section-container__content break-words"> <ul class="updates__list"> <li class="mb-1"> <div data-id="entire-feed-card-link" class="relative"> <a class="main-feed-card__overlay-link absolute left-0 top-0 h-full w-full z-1 !border-0" href="https://www.linkedin.com/posts/ieee-spectrum_the-first-virtual-meeting-was-in-1916-and-activity-7262489325760569345-Nabw" data-id="main-feed-card__full-link" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card__full-link" data-tracking-will-navigate aria-label="Update 1"> </a> <article class="relative pt-1.5 px-2 pb-0 bg-color-background-container container-lined main-feed-activity-card papabear:max-w-[550px]" data-activity-urn="urn:li:activity:7262489325760569345" data-featured-activity-urn="urn:li:activity:7262489325760569345" data-attributed-urn="urn:li:share:7262489325072797696" data-id="main-feed-card">   <div class="flex items-center font-sans mb-1" data-test-id="main-feed-activity-card__entity-lockup"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ieee-spectrum?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-actor-image" class="relative" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-actor-image" data-tracking-will-navigate> <img class="inline-block relative w-6 h-6 " data-delayed-url="https://media.licdn.com/dms/image/v2/C4E0BAQHrtkmvwIJUpw/company-logo_100_100/company-logo_100_100/0/1630629336689/ieee_spectrum_logo?e=2147483647&v=beta&t=8xl3yx1JIf2z58YRezEx5BgZ25Wfsco3Oi80POIIV6w" data-ghost-classes="bg-color-entity-ghost-background" data-ghost-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cs8pjfgyw96g44ln9r7tct85f" alt="View organization page for IEEE Spectrum, graphic">  </a> <div class="flex flex-col self-start min-w-0 ml-1 "> <div class="text-color-text "> <a class="text-sm link-styled no-underline leading-open" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ieee-spectrum?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-actor-name" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-actor-name" aria-label="View organization page for IEEE Spectrum" data-tracking-will-navigate> IEEE Spectrum </a>  </div> <p class="!text-xs text-color-text-low-emphasis leading-[1.33333] m-0 truncate">  13,616 followers </p> <span class="!text-xs text-color-text-low-emphasis leading-[1.33333] flex"> <time class="flex-none"> 1w  </time>  </span> </div>  </div> <div class="ellipsis-menu absolute right-0 top-0 !mr-0.5" data-test-id="main-feed-activity-card__ellipsis-menu"> <div class="collapsible-dropdown flex items-center relative hyphens-auto"> <button class="ellipsis-menu__trigger collapsible-dropdown__button btn-md btn-tertiary cursor-pointer !py-[6px] !px-1 flex items-center rounded-[50%] " aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Open menu" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_ellipsis-menu-trigger" tabindex="0"> <icon class="ellipsis-menu__trigger-icon m-0 p-0 centered-icon" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/671xosfpvk4c0kqtyl87hashi"></icon> </button> <ul class="collapsible-dropdown__list hidden container-raised absolute w-auto overflow-y-auto flex-col items-stretch z-1 bottom-auto top-[100%]" role="menu" tabindex="-1"> <li class="ellipsis-menu__item border-t-1 border-solid border-color-border-low-emphasis first-of-type:border-none flex"> <a href="/uas/login?fromSignIn=true&session_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.linkedin.com%2Fcompany%2Fieee-spectrum&trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_ellipsis-menu-semaphore-sign-in-redirect&guestReportContentType=POST&_f=guest-reporting" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_ellipsis-menu-semaphore-sign-in-redirect" data-tracking-will-navigate data-item-type="semaphore" data-semaphore-content-type="POST" data-semaphore-content-urn="urn:li:activity:7262489325760569345" data-semaphore-tracking-prefix="organization_guest_main-feed-card_ellipsis-menu-semaphore" data-is-logged-in="false" data-modal="semaphore__toggle" class="semaphore__toggle visited:text-color-text-secondary ellipsis-menu__semaphore ellipsis-menu__item-button flex items-center w-full p-1 cursor-pointer font-sans text-sm font-bold link-styled focus:link-styled link:no-underline active:bg-color-background-container-tint focus:bg-color-background-container-tint hover:bg-color-background-container-tint outline-offset-[-2px]">  <icon class="ellipsis-menu__item-icon text-color-text h-[24px] w-[24px] mr-1" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/iq0x9q37wj214o129ai1yjut"> </icon> Report this post </a>  </li>  </ul>  </div> </div> <div class="attributed-text-segment-list__container relative mt-1 mb-1.5 babybear:mt-0 babybear:mb-0.5"> <p class="attributed-text-segment-list__content text-color-text !text-sm whitespace-pre-wrap break-words " dir="ltr" data-test-id="main-feed-activity-card__commentary">On May 16 1916, the American Institute of Electrical Engineers had a live meeting with 5,000 attendees in 8 cities. Coming just a year after the first transcontinental phone call, it provoked breathless coverage in the US national press, including a declaration in the Atlanta Constitution that it was “a feat never before accomplished in the history of the world.” <a class="link" href="https://lnkd.in/eh89H3HB?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" target="_self" rel="nofollow" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" data-tracking-will-navigate>https://lnkd.in/eh89H3HB</a></p>  </div>  <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/redir/redirect?url=https%3A%2F%2Fspectrum%2Eieee%2Eorg%2Fvirtual-meeting&urlhash=DN6G&trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-article-content" target="_self" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-article-content" data-tracking-will-navigate class="flex flex-col feed-article-content" data-test-id="article-content"> <img alt="The First Virtual Meeting Was in 1916 and It Had Breakout Sessions" class="lazy-load w-main-feed-card-media object-cover babybear:max-h-[400px]" data-delayed-url="https://media.licdn.com/dms/image/sync/v2/D5627AQEDXLth1p1p0w/articleshare-shrink_800/articleshare-shrink_800/0/1731510342432?e=2147483647&v=beta&t=V6HZvjCq0wM22zSWGtVXeXBdNhK71t2hjYiLFBL8sRI" data-ghost-classes="tw-feed-content-ghost-image" data-ghost-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/42byfw7gh464l64dlwodbbdez">  <section class="flex justify-between article-content__header py-1"> <header> <h2 class="tw-feed-content-title" dir="ltr" data-test-id="article-content__title"> The First Virtual Meeting Was in 1916 and It Had Breakout Sessions </h2> <h3 class="tw-feed-content-subtitle" data-test-id="article-content__subtitle"> spectrum.ieee.org </h3> </header>  </section> </a>   <code id="i18n_reaction_singular" style="display: none"></code> <code id="i18n_reactions_plural" style="display: none"></code> <div class="flex items-center font-sans text-sm babybear:text-xs main-feed-activity-card__social-actions"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/signup?session_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Elinkedin%2Ecom%2Fcompany%2Fieee-spectrum&trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_social-actions-reactions" target="_self" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_social-actions-reactions" data-tracking-will-navigate class="flex items-center font-normal text-color-text-low-emphasis no-underline visited:text-color-text-low-emphasis my-1" aria-label="6 Reactions" data-separate-ctas="false" data-test-id="social-actions__reactions" data-id="social-actions__reactions" data-num-reactions="6" data-singular="%numReactions%" data-plural="%numReactions%" tabindex="0"> <img alt data-reaction-type="LIKE" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/9sun4diznbhgyelaeryxy75ur" height="16px" width="16px"> <span aria-hidden="true" class="font-normal ml-0.5" data-test-id="social-actions__reaction-count"> 6 </span> </a> <code id="social-actions__reaction-image-APPRECIATION" style="display: none"></code>  <code id="social-actions__reaction-image-EMPATHY" style="display: none"></code> <code id="social-actions__reaction-image-ENTERTAINMENT" style="display: none"></code>  <code id="social-actions__reaction-image-INTEREST" style="display: none"></code> <code id="social-actions__reaction-image-LIKE" style="display: none"></code> <code id="social-actions__reaction-image-MAYBE" style="display: none"></code> <code id="social-actions__reaction-image-PRAISE" style="display: none"></code>  </div> <div class="social-action-bar border-t-1 border-solid border-color-border-faint min-h-[44px] items-center flex flex-wrap babybear:justify-around !m-0"> <a class="social-action-bar__button " href="https://www.linkedin.com/signup?session_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Elinkedin%2Ecom%2Fcompany%2Fieee-spectrum&trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_like-cta" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_like-cta" 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href="https://www.linkedin.com/signup?session_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Elinkedin%2Ecom%2Fcompany%2Fieee-spectrum&trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_share-cta" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_share-cta" data-tracking-will-navigate> <icon class="social-action-bar__icon " data-svg-class-name="social-action-bar__icon--svg " data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/852gyy4s01pfis5qf9k99s6d2"> </icon> <span class="social-action-bar__button-text "> Share </span> </a>  </div>  </article> <code id="is-mobile" style="display: none"></code> </div> </li> <li class="mb-1"> <div data-id="entire-feed-card-link" class="relative"> <a class="main-feed-card__overlay-link absolute left-0 top-0 h-full w-full z-1 !border-0" href="https://www.linkedin.com/posts/ieee-spectrum_touchscreen-controls-are-everywhere-these-activity-7262471804399636481--20k" data-id="main-feed-card__full-link" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card__full-link" data-tracking-will-navigate aria-label="Update 2"> </a> <article class="relative pt-1.5 px-2 pb-0 bg-color-background-container container-lined main-feed-activity-card papabear:max-w-[550px]" data-activity-urn="urn:li:activity:7262471804399636481" data-featured-activity-urn="urn:li:activity:7262471804399636481" data-attributed-urn="urn:li:share:7262139705343852545" data-id="main-feed-card">   <div class="flex items-center font-sans mb-1" data-test-id="main-feed-activity-card__entity-lockup"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ieee-spectrum?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-actor-image" class="relative" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-actor-image" data-tracking-will-navigate> <img class="inline-block relative w-6 h-6 " data-delayed-url="https://media.licdn.com/dms/image/v2/C4E0BAQHrtkmvwIJUpw/company-logo_100_100/company-logo_100_100/0/1630629336689/ieee_spectrum_logo?e=2147483647&v=beta&t=8xl3yx1JIf2z58YRezEx5BgZ25Wfsco3Oi80POIIV6w" 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href="/uas/login?fromSignIn=true&session_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.linkedin.com%2Fcompany%2Fieee-spectrum&trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_ellipsis-menu-semaphore-sign-in-redirect&guestReportContentType=POST&_f=guest-reporting" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_ellipsis-menu-semaphore-sign-in-redirect" data-tracking-will-navigate data-item-type="semaphore" data-semaphore-content-type="POST" data-semaphore-content-urn="urn:li:activity:7262471804399636481" data-semaphore-tracking-prefix="organization_guest_main-feed-card_ellipsis-menu-semaphore" data-is-logged-in="false" data-modal="semaphore__toggle" class="semaphore__toggle visited:text-color-text-secondary ellipsis-menu__semaphore ellipsis-menu__item-button flex items-center w-full p-1 cursor-pointer font-sans text-sm font-bold link-styled focus:link-styled link:no-underline active:bg-color-background-container-tint focus:bg-color-background-container-tint hover:bg-color-background-container-tint 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Now, tactile controls like buttons are gaining traction again in user interfaces, from smartphones to stoves. To learn more about the trend, we spoke to Rachel Plotnick, author of "Power Button: A History of Pleasure, Panic, and the Politics of Pushing." In this Q&A, Plotnick discusses the origin story of the button, touchscreen mania, and the rise of re-buttoning. <a class="link" href="https://lnkd.in/gGSmbDn9?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" target="_self" rel="nofollow" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" data-tracking-will-navigate>https://lnkd.in/gGSmbDn9</a></p>  </div> <ul class="grid grid-cols-6 grid-rows-[60%_40%] w-main-feed-card-media feed-images-content list-none pl-0 " data-test-id="feed-images-content"> <li class="bg-color-background-container-tint text-[0px] col-span-full row-span-full " data-test-id="feed-images-content__list-item" data-position="0"> <img class="lazy-load w-full object-cover object-center h-full babybear:max-h-[400px]" data-delayed-url="https://media.licdn.com/dms/image/v2/D4E22AQGeO-XwI7i5Fw/feedshare-shrink_2048_1536/feedshare-shrink_2048_1536/0/1731429028735?e=2147483647&v=beta&t=pLzR8vYIVrOf92xrwTnrJL_wg45UgAoh6KDjzExJiSo" 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min-h-[44px] items-center flex flex-wrap babybear:justify-around !m-0"> <a class="social-action-bar__button " href="https://www.linkedin.com/signup?session_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Elinkedin%2Ecom%2Fcompany%2Fieee-spectrum&trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_like-cta" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_like-cta" data-tracking-will-navigate> <icon class="social-action-bar__icon " data-svg-class-name="social-action-bar__icon--svg " data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/70k0g8kmgdfjjymflqqzipzxj"> </icon> <span class="social-action-bar__button-text "> Like </span> </a> <a class="social-action-bar__button " href="https://www.linkedin.com/signup?session_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Elinkedin%2Ecom%2Fcompany%2Fieee-spectrum&trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_comment-cta" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_comment-cta" data-tracking-will-navigate> <icon class="social-action-bar__icon " 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h-full w-full z-1 !border-0" href="https://www.linkedin.com/posts/ieee-spectrum_wheres-my-robot-butler-activity-7262469564695797760-9nw4" data-id="main-feed-card__full-link" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card__full-link" data-tracking-will-navigate aria-label="Update 3"> </a> <article class="relative pt-1.5 px-2 pb-0 bg-color-background-container container-lined main-feed-activity-card papabear:max-w-[550px]" data-activity-urn="urn:li:activity:7262469564695797760" data-featured-activity-urn="urn:li:activity:7262469564695797760" data-attributed-urn="urn:li:share:7262469564188250117" data-id="main-feed-card">   <div class="flex items-center font-sans mb-1" data-test-id="main-feed-activity-card__entity-lockup"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ieee-spectrum?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-actor-image" class="relative" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-actor-image" data-tracking-will-navigate> <img class="inline-block relative w-6 h-6 " data-delayed-url="https://media.licdn.com/dms/image/v2/C4E0BAQHrtkmvwIJUpw/company-logo_100_100/company-logo_100_100/0/1630629336689/ieee_spectrum_logo?e=2147483647&v=beta&t=8xl3yx1JIf2z58YRezEx5BgZ25Wfsco3Oi80POIIV6w" data-ghost-classes="bg-color-entity-ghost-background" data-ghost-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cs8pjfgyw96g44ln9r7tct85f" alt="View organization page for IEEE Spectrum, graphic">  </a> <div class="flex flex-col self-start min-w-0 ml-1 "> <div class="text-color-text "> <a class="text-sm link-styled no-underline leading-open" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ieee-spectrum?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-actor-name" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-actor-name" aria-label="View organization page for IEEE Spectrum" data-tracking-will-navigate> IEEE Spectrum </a>  </div> <p class="!text-xs text-color-text-low-emphasis leading-[1.33333] m-0 truncate">  13,616 followers </p> <span class="!text-xs text-color-text-low-emphasis leading-[1.33333] flex"> <time class="flex-none"> 1w  </time>  </span> </div>  </div> <div class="ellipsis-menu absolute right-0 top-0 !mr-0.5" data-test-id="main-feed-activity-card__ellipsis-menu"> <div class="collapsible-dropdown flex items-center relative hyphens-auto"> <button class="ellipsis-menu__trigger collapsible-dropdown__button btn-md btn-tertiary cursor-pointer !py-[6px] !px-1 flex items-center rounded-[50%] " aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Open menu" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_ellipsis-menu-trigger" tabindex="0"> <icon class="ellipsis-menu__trigger-icon m-0 p-0 centered-icon" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/671xosfpvk4c0kqtyl87hashi"></icon> </button> <ul class="collapsible-dropdown__list hidden container-raised absolute w-auto overflow-y-auto flex-col items-stretch z-1 bottom-auto top-[100%]" role="menu" tabindex="-1"> <li class="ellipsis-menu__item border-t-1 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tabindex="0"> <div class="flex items-center font-sans" data-test-id="feed-reshare-content__entity-lockup"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/hagoldstein?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_reshare_feed-actor-image" target="_self" class="relative" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_reshare_feed-actor-image" data-tracking-will-navigate> <img class="inline-block relative rounded-[50%] w-6 h-6 " data-delayed-url="https://media.licdn.com/dms/image/v2/D5603AQEqzkRNqPtd9A/profile-displayphoto-shrink_400_400/profile-displayphoto-shrink_400_400/0/1685808557298?e=2147483647&v=beta&t=lArogZMiwt7ZtSVRMwYxJlKE-oOuteqeXapEmzh3JuU" data-ghost-classes="bg-color-entity-ghost-background" data-ghost-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/9c8pery4andzj6ohjkjp54ma2" alt="View profile for Harry Goldstein, graphic">  </a> <div class="flex flex-col self-start min-w-0 ml-1 "> <div class="text-color-text "> <a class="text-sm link-styled no-underline leading-open" href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/hagoldstein?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_reshare_feed-actor-name" target="_self" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_reshare_feed-actor-name" aria-label="View profile for Harry Goldstein" data-tracking-will-navigate> Harry Goldstein </a>  </div>  <span class="!text-xs text-color-text-low-emphasis leading-[1.33333] flex"> <time class="flex-none"> 1w  </time>  </span> </div>  </div> <div class="attributed-text-segment-list__container relative mt-1 mb-1.5 babybear:mt-0 babybear:mb-0.5"> <p class="attributed-text-segment-list__content text-color-text !text-sm whitespace-pre-wrap break-words " dir="ltr" data-test-id="feed-reshare-content__commentary">Like the engineers who read Spectrum, our editors like to tinker with technology to tell stories in new, engaging ways. In this scrolly-telling piece, our robots team, including our director of digital innovation Erico Guizzo and director of photography Randi Klett, tracks the evolution of home robots from sci-fi to sandwich-making. <a class="link" href="https://lnkd.in/g-hmVCpd?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_reshare-text" target="_self" rel="nofollow" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_reshare-text" data-tracking-will-navigate>https://lnkd.in/g-hmVCpd</a></p>  </div>  <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/redir/redirect?url=https%3A%2F%2Fspectrum%2Eieee%2Eorg%2Fai-robots&urlhash=S4nL&trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_reshare_feed-article-content" target="_self" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_reshare_feed-article-content" data-tracking-will-navigate class="flex flex-col feed-article-content" data-test-id="article-content"> <img alt="Where’s My Robot Butler?" class="lazy-load w-main-feed-card-media object-cover babybear:max-h-[400px]" data-delayed-url="https://media.licdn.com/dms/image/sync/v2/D4E27AQEtSjDJHcKgag/articleshare-shrink_800/articleshare-shrink_800/0/1731337481733?e=2147483647&v=beta&t=CPYjLt3vJ8rjIQdINyaJy4a6cwCpM5aH9QnEb9Qy40k" data-ghost-classes="tw-feed-content-ghost-image" data-ghost-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/42byfw7gh464l64dlwodbbdez">  <section class="flex justify-between article-content__header py-1"> <header> <h2 class="tw-feed-content-title" dir="ltr" data-test-id="article-content__title"> Where’s My Robot Butler? </h2> <h3 class="tw-feed-content-subtitle" data-test-id="article-content__subtitle"> spectrum.ieee.org </h3> </header>  </section> </a> </article>   <code id="i18n_reaction_singular" style="display: none"></code> <code id="i18n_reactions_plural" style="display: none"></code> <div class="flex items-center font-sans text-sm babybear:text-xs main-feed-activity-card__social-actions"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/signup?session_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Elinkedin%2Ecom%2Fcompany%2Fieee-spectrum&trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_social-actions-reactions" target="_self" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_social-actions-reactions" data-tracking-will-navigate class="flex items-center font-normal text-color-text-low-emphasis no-underline visited:text-color-text-low-emphasis my-1" aria-label="1 Reaction" data-separate-ctas="false" data-test-id="social-actions__reactions" data-id="social-actions__reactions" data-num-reactions="1" data-singular="%numReactions%" data-plural="%numReactions%" tabindex="0"> <img alt data-reaction-type="LIKE" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/9sun4diznbhgyelaeryxy75ur" height="16px" width="16px"> <span aria-hidden="true" class="font-normal ml-0.5" data-test-id="social-actions__reaction-count"> 1 </span> </a> <code id="social-actions__reaction-image-APPRECIATION" style="display: 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href="https://lnkd.in/e-JiWN_n?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" target="_self" rel="nofollow" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" data-tracking-will-navigate>https://lnkd.in/e-JiWN_n</a></p>  </div>  <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/redir/redirect?url=https%3A%2F%2Fspectrum%2Eieee%2Eorg%2Fai-robots&urlhash=S4nL&trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-article-content" target="_self" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-article-content" data-tracking-will-navigate class="flex flex-col feed-article-content" data-test-id="article-content"> <img alt="Where’s My Robot Butler?" class="lazy-load w-main-feed-card-media object-cover babybear:max-h-[400px]" data-delayed-url="https://media.licdn.com/dms/image/sync/v2/D4E27AQEtSjDJHcKgag/articleshare-shrink_800/articleshare-shrink_800/0/1731337481733?e=2147483647&v=beta&t=CPYjLt3vJ8rjIQdINyaJy4a6cwCpM5aH9QnEb9Qy40k" data-ghost-classes="tw-feed-content-ghost-image" 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whitespace-pre-wrap break-words " dir="ltr" data-test-id="main-feed-activity-card__commentary">What does invention look like in the year 2024? IEEE Spectrum's special issue takes readers into R&D labs in some of the hottest areas of innovation, including nuclear fusion, atomic clocks, domestic robots, semiconductors... and even AI-powered invention. The report also features Q&As with inventors like the legendary Dean Kamen and the YouTube star Simone Giertz. 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main-feed-activity-card papabear:max-w-[550px]" data-activity-urn="urn:li:activity:7259600152993099776" data-featured-activity-urn="urn:li:activity:7259600152993099776" data-attributed-urn="urn:li:share:7259600152234016769" data-id="main-feed-card">   <div class="flex items-center font-sans mb-1" data-test-id="main-feed-activity-card__entity-lockup"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ieee-spectrum?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-actor-image" class="relative" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-actor-image" data-tracking-will-navigate> <img class="inline-block relative w-6 h-6 " data-delayed-url="https://media.licdn.com/dms/image/v2/C4E0BAQHrtkmvwIJUpw/company-logo_100_100/company-logo_100_100/0/1630629336689/ieee_spectrum_logo?e=2147483647&v=beta&t=8xl3yx1JIf2z58YRezEx5BgZ25Wfsco3Oi80POIIV6w" data-ghost-classes="bg-color-entity-ghost-background" data-ghost-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cs8pjfgyw96g44ln9r7tct85f" alt="View organization page for IEEE Spectrum, graphic">  </a> <div class="flex flex-col self-start min-w-0 ml-1 "> <div class="text-color-text "> <a class="text-sm link-styled no-underline leading-open" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ieee-spectrum?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-actor-name" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-actor-name" aria-label="View organization page for IEEE Spectrum" data-tracking-will-navigate> IEEE Spectrum </a>  </div> <p class="!text-xs text-color-text-low-emphasis leading-[1.33333] m-0 truncate">  13,616 followers </p> <span class="!text-xs text-color-text-low-emphasis leading-[1.33333] flex"> <time class="flex-none"> 2w  </time>  </span> </div>  </div> <div class="ellipsis-menu absolute right-0 top-0 !mr-0.5" data-test-id="main-feed-activity-card__ellipsis-menu"> <div class="collapsible-dropdown flex items-center relative hyphens-auto"> <button class="ellipsis-menu__trigger collapsible-dropdown__button btn-md 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</div> <div class="attributed-text-segment-list__container relative mt-1 mb-1.5 babybear:mt-0 babybear:mb-0.5"> <p class="attributed-text-segment-list__content text-color-text !text-sm whitespace-pre-wrap break-words " dir="ltr" data-test-id="main-feed-activity-card__commentary">A few years after working at <a class="link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/apple?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" target="_self" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" data-tracking-will-navigate>Apple</a>, <a class="link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/petewarden?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" target="_self" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" data-tracking-will-navigate>Pete Warden</a> found a flaw in some Apple software that enabled tracking the location of anyone using iOS 4. He reported the problem to Apple, which ignored him. Then it blew up in Apple's face. <a class="link" href="https://lnkd.in/e7yM5grC?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" target="_self" rel="nofollow" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" data-tracking-will-navigate>https://lnkd.in/e7yM5grC</a></p>  </div>  <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/redir/redirect?url=https%3A%2F%2Fspectrum%2Eieee%2Eorg%2Fapple-security-flaw&urlhash=bSJp&trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-article-content" target="_self" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-article-content" data-tracking-will-navigate class="flex flex-col feed-article-content" data-test-id="article-content"> <img alt="Scary Stories: Sudden Deadlines and Security Fiascos" class="lazy-load w-main-feed-card-media object-cover babybear:max-h-[400px]" data-delayed-url="https://media.licdn.com/dms/image/sync/v2/D5627AQHfuaN1qxwKFQ/articleshare-shrink_800/articleshare-shrink_800/0/1730372440711?e=2147483647&v=beta&t=3kxn5nEuuf-9yaSCKYYozEkKlWk0g-0asPIuVGOd2Zs" data-ghost-classes="tw-feed-content-ghost-image" data-ghost-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/42byfw7gh464l64dlwodbbdez">  <section class="flex justify-between article-content__header py-1"> <header> <h2 class="tw-feed-content-title" dir="ltr" data-test-id="article-content__title"> Scary Stories: Sudden Deadlines and Security Fiascos </h2> <h3 class="tw-feed-content-subtitle" data-test-id="article-content__subtitle"> spectrum.ieee.org </h3> </header>  </section> </a>   <code id="i18n_reaction_singular" style="display: none"></code> <code id="i18n_reactions_plural" style="display: none"></code> <div class="flex items-center font-sans text-sm babybear:text-xs main-feed-activity-card__social-actions"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/signup?session_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Elinkedin%2Ecom%2Fcompany%2Fieee-spectrum&trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_social-actions-reactions" target="_self" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_social-actions-reactions" data-tracking-will-navigate class="flex items-center font-normal text-color-text-low-emphasis no-underline visited:text-color-text-low-emphasis my-1" aria-label="3 Reactions" data-separate-ctas="false" data-test-id="social-actions__reactions" data-id="social-actions__reactions" data-num-reactions="3" data-singular="%numReactions%" data-plural="%numReactions%" tabindex="0"> <img alt data-reaction-type="LIKE" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/9sun4diznbhgyelaeryxy75ur" height="16px" width="16px"> <span aria-hidden="true" class="font-normal ml-0.5" data-test-id="social-actions__reaction-count"> 3 </span> </a> <code id="social-actions__reaction-image-APPRECIATION" style="display: none"></code>  <code id="social-actions__reaction-image-EMPATHY" style="display: none"></code> <code id="social-actions__reaction-image-ENTERTAINMENT" style="display: none"></code>  <code id="social-actions__reaction-image-INTEREST" style="display: none"></code> <code id="social-actions__reaction-image-LIKE" style="display: none"></code> <code id="social-actions__reaction-image-MAYBE" style="display: none"></code> <code id="social-actions__reaction-image-PRAISE" style="display: none"></code>  </div> <div class="social-action-bar border-t-1 border-solid border-color-border-faint min-h-[44px] items-center flex flex-wrap babybear:justify-around !m-0"> <a class="social-action-bar__button " href="https://www.linkedin.com/signup?session_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Elinkedin%2Ecom%2Fcompany%2Fieee-spectrum&trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_like-cta" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_like-cta" data-tracking-will-navigate> <icon class="social-action-bar__icon " 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main-feed-activity-card papabear:max-w-[550px]" data-activity-urn="urn:li:activity:7259322878058233856" data-featured-activity-urn="urn:li:activity:7259322878058233856" data-attributed-urn="urn:li:share:7259322877290717185" data-id="main-feed-card">   <div class="flex items-center font-sans mb-1" data-test-id="main-feed-activity-card__entity-lockup"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ieee-spectrum?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-actor-image" class="relative" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-actor-image" data-tracking-will-navigate> <img class="inline-block relative w-6 h-6 " data-delayed-url="https://media.licdn.com/dms/image/v2/C4E0BAQHrtkmvwIJUpw/company-logo_100_100/company-logo_100_100/0/1630629336689/ieee_spectrum_logo?e=2147483647&v=beta&t=8xl3yx1JIf2z58YRezEx5BgZ25Wfsco3Oi80POIIV6w" data-ghost-classes="bg-color-entity-ghost-background" data-ghost-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cs8pjfgyw96g44ln9r7tct85f" alt="View organization page for IEEE Spectrum, graphic">  </a> <div class="flex flex-col self-start min-w-0 ml-1 "> <div class="text-color-text "> <a class="text-sm link-styled no-underline leading-open" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ieee-spectrum?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-actor-name" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-actor-name" aria-label="View organization page for IEEE Spectrum" data-tracking-will-navigate> IEEE Spectrum </a>  </div> <p class="!text-xs text-color-text-low-emphasis leading-[1.33333] m-0 truncate">  13,616 followers </p> <span class="!text-xs text-color-text-low-emphasis leading-[1.33333] flex"> <time class="flex-none"> 2w  </time>  </span> </div>  </div> <div class="ellipsis-menu absolute right-0 top-0 !mr-0.5" data-test-id="main-feed-activity-card__ellipsis-menu"> <div class="collapsible-dropdown flex items-center relative hyphens-auto"> <button class="ellipsis-menu__trigger collapsible-dropdown__button btn-md 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</div> <div class="attributed-text-segment-list__container relative mt-1 mb-1.5 babybear:mt-0 babybear:mb-0.5"> <p class="attributed-text-segment-list__content text-color-text !text-sm whitespace-pre-wrap break-words " dir="ltr" data-test-id="main-feed-activity-card__commentary">Call it the touchscreen backlash, or the "rebuttonization" of tech. What it means is that physical buttons are back in vogue. And that's just fine with <a class="link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/rachel-plotnick-aa66083?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" target="_self" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" data-tracking-will-navigate>Rachel Plotnick</a>, who wrote the book on buttons. <a class="link" href="https://lnkd.in/gGSmbDn9?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" target="_self" rel="nofollow" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" data-tracking-will-navigate>https://lnkd.in/gGSmbDn9</a></p>  </div>  <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/redir/redirect?url=https%3A%2F%2Fspectrum%2Eieee%2Eorg%2Ftouchscreens&urlhash=_RZK&trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-article-content" target="_self" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-article-content" data-tracking-will-navigate class="flex flex-col feed-article-content" data-test-id="article-content"> <img alt="Q&A: Rachel Plotnick On the Return of Tactile Controls" class="lazy-load w-main-feed-card-media object-cover babybear:max-h-[400px]" data-delayed-url="https://media.licdn.com/dms/image/sync/v2/D5627AQFzUpV10dCQUQ/articleshare-shrink_800/articleshare-shrink_800/0/1730642494676?e=2147483647&v=beta&t=F4LvvIe9dTpPu6spcwdCCZBX9V2UZDcooe1NjsZCVD4" data-ghost-classes="tw-feed-content-ghost-image" data-ghost-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/42byfw7gh464l64dlwodbbdez">  <section class="flex justify-between article-content__header py-1"> <header> <h2 class="tw-feed-content-title" dir="ltr" data-test-id="article-content__title"> Q&A: Rachel Plotnick On the Return of Tactile Controls </h2> <h3 class="tw-feed-content-subtitle" data-test-id="article-content__subtitle"> spectrum.ieee.org </h3> </header>  </section> </a>   <code id="i18n_reaction_singular" style="display: none"></code> <code id="i18n_reactions_plural" style="display: none"></code> <div class="flex items-center font-sans text-sm babybear:text-xs 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whitespace-pre-wrap break-words attributed-text-segment-list__content-truncated" dir="ltr" data-test-id="main-feed-activity-card__commentary">The world's newest stellarator, a type of nuclear fusion reactor, was built quickly and cheaply--an example of how engineers are continuously in the process of reinventing invention. Read more about it here: <a class="link" href="https://lnkd.in/gqHvKGv3?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" target="_self" rel="nofollow" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" data-tracking-will-navigate>https://lnkd.in/gqHvKGv3</a> This is part of IEEE Spectrum's Special Report where we look at incredible inventions, like briefcase-sized atomic clocks, and inventors, like Simone Giertz--all to celebrate the creative act and the grindingly hard engineering work required to turn an idea into something world changing. Read our Special Report here: <a class="link" href="https://lnkd.in/eXfFk7BW?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" target="_self" rel="nofollow" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" data-tracking-will-navigate>https://lnkd.in/eXfFk7BW</a> <a class="link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/signup?session_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.linkedin.com%2Ffeed%2Fhashtag%2Fstellarator&trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" target="_self" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" data-tracking-will-navigate>#stellarator</a> <a class="link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/signup?session_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.linkedin.com%2Ffeed%2Fhashtag%2Fnuclear&trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" target="_self" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" data-tracking-will-navigate>#nuclear</a> <a class="link" 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Why would such a stupendously profitable sector need government funding? <a class="link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/samuelkmoore?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" target="_self" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" data-tracking-will-navigate>Samuel K. Moore</a> explains it all in this terrific story following the falling and rising fortunes of one fascinating company, <a class="link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ideal-semiconductor?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" target="_self" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" data-tracking-will-navigate>iDEAL Semiconductor Devices Inc</a> <a class="link" href="https://lnkd.in/e3y67Drp?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" target="_self" rel="nofollow" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card-text" data-tracking-will-navigate>https://lnkd.in/e3y67Drp</a></p>  </div>  <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/redir/redirect?url=https%3A%2F%2Fspectrum%2Eieee%2Eorg%2Fpower-electronics&urlhash=tJ4-&trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-article-content" target="_self" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-article-content" data-tracking-will-navigate class="flex flex-col feed-article-content" data-test-id="article-content"> <img alt="This Startup Shows Why the U.S. CHIPS Act Is Needed" class="lazy-load w-main-feed-card-media object-cover babybear:max-h-[400px]" data-delayed-url="https://media.licdn.com/dms/image/sync/v2/D4D27AQHv_Zf-5R6A5w/articleshare-shrink_800/articleshare-shrink_800/0/1729517481462?e=2147483647&v=beta&t=0WUx095PceR2x5jjZAhAoS7la3CNCN5jLN0Nt46ZHdc" data-ghost-classes="tw-feed-content-ghost-image" data-ghost-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/42byfw7gh464l64dlwodbbdez">  <section class="flex justify-between article-content__header py-1"> <header> <h2 class="tw-feed-content-title" dir="ltr" data-test-id="article-content__title"> This Startup Shows Why the U.S. CHIPS Act Is Needed </h2> <h3 class="tw-feed-content-subtitle" data-test-id="article-content__subtitle"> spectrum.ieee.org </h3> </header>  </section> </a>   <code id="i18n_reaction_singular" style="display: none"></code> <code id="i18n_reactions_plural" style="display: none"></code> <div 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IEEE Spectrum, graphic">  </a> <div class="flex flex-col self-start min-w-0 ml-1 "> <div class="text-color-text "> <a class="text-sm link-styled no-underline leading-open" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ieee-spectrum?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-actor-name" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_feed-actor-name" aria-label="View organization page for IEEE Spectrum" data-tracking-will-navigate> IEEE Spectrum </a>  </div> <p class="!text-xs text-color-text-low-emphasis leading-[1.33333] m-0 truncate">  13,616 followers </p> <span class="!text-xs text-color-text-low-emphasis leading-[1.33333] flex"> <time class="flex-none"> 3w  </time>  </span> </div>  </div> <div class="ellipsis-menu absolute right-0 top-0 !mr-0.5" data-test-id="main-feed-activity-card__ellipsis-menu"> <div class="collapsible-dropdown flex items-center relative hyphens-auto"> <button class="ellipsis-menu__trigger collapsible-dropdown__button btn-md btn-tertiary cursor-pointer 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babybear:mb-0.5"> <p class="attributed-text-segment-list__content text-color-text !text-sm whitespace-pre-wrap break-words " dir="ltr" data-test-id="main-feed-activity-card__commentary">This 👇</p>  </div> <article aria-label="Reshared post" class="relative pt-1.5 px-2 pb-1 mb-1 babybear:pt-0.5 babybear:pb-0 babybear:mb-0 container-lined bg-color-background-container feed-reshare-content" data-test-id="feed-reshare-content" data-attributed-urn="urn:li:share:7257009995936903170" data-activity-urn="urn:li:activity:7257009996440248320" tabindex="0"> <div class="flex items-center font-sans" data-test-id="feed-reshare-content__entity-lockup"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/hagoldstein?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_reshare_feed-actor-image" target="_self" class="relative" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_reshare_feed-actor-image" data-tracking-will-navigate> <img class="inline-block relative rounded-[50%] w-6 h-6 " data-delayed-url="https://media.licdn.com/dms/image/v2/D5603AQEqzkRNqPtd9A/profile-displayphoto-shrink_400_400/profile-displayphoto-shrink_400_400/0/1685808557298?e=2147483647&v=beta&t=lArogZMiwt7ZtSVRMwYxJlKE-oOuteqeXapEmzh3JuU" data-ghost-classes="bg-color-entity-ghost-background" data-ghost-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/9c8pery4andzj6ohjkjp54ma2" alt="View profile for Harry Goldstein, graphic">  </a> <div class="flex flex-col self-start min-w-0 ml-1 "> <div class="text-color-text "> <a class="text-sm link-styled no-underline leading-open" href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/hagoldstein?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_reshare_feed-actor-name" target="_self" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_reshare_feed-actor-name" aria-label="View profile for Harry Goldstein" data-tracking-will-navigate> Harry Goldstein </a>  </div>  <span class="!text-xs text-color-text-low-emphasis leading-[1.33333] flex"> <time class="flex-none"> 3w <span aria-hidden="true" class="text-color-text-low-emphasis before:middot"></span> <span> Edited </span> </time>  </span> </div>  </div> <div class="attributed-text-segment-list__container relative mt-1 mb-1.5 babybear:mt-0 babybear:mb-0.5"> <p class="attributed-text-segment-list__content text-color-text !text-sm whitespace-pre-wrap break-words " dir="ltr" data-test-id="feed-reshare-content__commentary">Two decades ago, after reading an article I wrote about the inventor Cob Burandt and his variable valve timing technology that he claims several of the world’s automakers use in hybrid engines, lawyers working pro bono took up Burandt’s cause. They went all the way to the US Supreme Court, which refused to take up the case in 2009. Now a new team of lawyers has revived the case in a bid to help Burandt realize some material gain from his invention in his lifetime. <a class="link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/signup?session_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.linkedin.com%2Ffeed%2Fhashtag%2Fpatents&trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_reshare-text" target="_self" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_reshare-text" data-tracking-will-navigate>#patents</a> <a class="link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/signup?session_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.linkedin.com%2Ffeed%2Fhashtag%2Fuspto&trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_reshare-text" target="_self" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_main-feed-card_reshare-text" data-tracking-will-navigate>#USPTO</a> <a class="link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/signup?session_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.linkedin.com%2Ffeed%2Fhashtag%2Finventors&trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_reshare-text" target="_self" 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data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-pa_IN" data-locale="pa_IN" role="menuitem" lang="pa_IN"> ਪੰਜਾਬੀ (Punjabi) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="Polski (Polish)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-pl_PL" data-locale="pl_PL" role="menuitem" lang="pl_PL"> Polski (Polish) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="Português (Portuguese)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-pt_BR" data-locale="pt_BR" role="menuitem" lang="pt_BR"> Português (Portuguese) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="Română (Romanian)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-ro_RO" data-locale="ro_RO" role="menuitem" lang="ro_RO"> Română (Romanian) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="Русский (Russian)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-ru_RU" data-locale="ru_RU" role="menuitem" lang="ru_RU"> Русский (Russian) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="Svenska (Swedish)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-sv_SE" data-locale="sv_SE" role="menuitem" lang="sv_SE"> Svenska (Swedish) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="తెలుగు (Telugu)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-te_IN" data-locale="te_IN" role="menuitem" lang="te_IN"> తెలుగు (Telugu) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="ภาษาไทย (Thai)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-th_TH" data-locale="th_TH" role="menuitem" lang="th_TH"> ภาษาไทย (Thai) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="Tagalog (Tagalog)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-tl_PH" data-locale="tl_PH" role="menuitem" lang="tl_PH"> Tagalog (Tagalog) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="Türkçe (Turkish)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-tr_TR" data-locale="tr_TR" role="menuitem" lang="tr_TR"> Türkçe (Turkish) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="Українська (Ukrainian)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-uk_UA" data-locale="uk_UA" role="menuitem" lang="uk_UA"> Українська (Ukrainian) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="Tiếng Việt (Vietnamese)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-vi_VN" data-locale="vi_VN" role="menuitem" lang="vi_VN"> Tiếng Việt (Vietnamese) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="简体中文 (Chinese (Simplified))" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-zh_CN" data-locale="zh_CN" role="menuitem" lang="zh_CN"> 简体中文 (Chinese (Simplified)) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="正體中文 (Chinese (Traditional))" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-zh_TW" data-locale="zh_TW" role="menuitem" lang="zh_TW"> 正體中文 (Chinese (Traditional)) </button> </li>  </ul> <button class="language-selector__button select-none relative pr-2 font-sans text-xs font-bold text-color-text-low-emphasis hover:text-color-link-hover hover:cursor-pointer focus:text-color-link-focus focus:outline-dotted focus:outline-1" aria-expanded="false" data-tracking-control-name="footer-lang-dropdown_trigger"> <span class="language-selector__label-text mr-0.5 break-words"> Language </span> <icon class="language-selector__label-chevron w-2 h-2 absolute top-0 right-0" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cyolgscd0imw2ldqppkrb84vo"></icon> </button> </div> </li> </ul>  </footer> <div class="guest-upsells"> <form class="google-auth base-google-auth" action="https://www.linkedin.com/uas/login-submit" method="post"> <input name="loginCsrfParam" value="e712723d-3222-4c96-889c-3bcd0894bfb2" type="hidden"> <input name="session_redirect" value="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ieee-spectrum" type="hidden"> <input name="trk" value="organization_guest_google-one-tap-submit" type="hidden"> <code id="termsAndConditionsRendered" style="display: none"></code> <div class="google-one-tap__module hidden fixed flex flex-col items-center top-[20px] right-[20px] z-[9999]"> <div class="relative top-2 bg-color-background-container-tint pl-2 pr-1 pt-2 pb-3 w-[375px] rounded-md shadow-2xl"> <p class="text-md font-bold text-color-text"> Agree & Join LinkedIn </p> <p class="linkedin-tc__text text-color-text-low-emphasis text-xs pb-2 !text-sm !text-color-text" data-impression-id="organization_guest_one-tap-skip-tc-text"> By clicking Continue to join or sign in, you agree to LinkedIn’s <a href="/legal/user-agreement?trk=linkedin-tc_auth-button_user-agreement" target="_blank" data-tracking-control-name="linkedin-tc_auth-button_user-agreement" data-tracking-will-navigate="true">User Agreement</a>, <a href="/legal/privacy-policy?trk=linkedin-tc_auth-button_privacy-policy" target="_blank" data-tracking-control-name="linkedin-tc_auth-button_privacy-policy" data-tracking-will-navigate="true">Privacy Policy</a>, and <a href="/legal/cookie-policy?trk=linkedin-tc_auth-button_cookie-policy" target="_blank" data-tracking-control-name="linkedin-tc_auth-button_cookie-policy" data-tracking-will-navigate="true">Cookie Policy</a>. </p> </div> <div data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_google-one-tap" id="google-one-tap__container"></div> </div> <div class="loader loader--full-screen"> <div class="loader__container mb-2 overflow-hidden"> <icon class="loader__icon inline-block loader__icon--default text-color-progress-loading" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/ddi43qwelxeqjxdd45pe3fvs1" data-svg-class-name="loader__icon-svg--large fill-currentColor h-[60px] min-h-[60px] w-[60px] min-w-[60px]"></icon> </div> </div> </form> <script data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/29rdkxlvag0d3cpj96fiilbju" data-module-id="google-gsi-lib"></script> <code id="isLinkedInAppWebView" style="display: none"></code> <code id="shouldRemoveUndefinedValues" style="display: none"></code> <code id="isItpSupportEnabled" style="display: none"></code> <code id="isFedCMEnabled" style="display: none"></code> <div class="contextual-sign-in-modal base-contextual-sign-in-modal" data-impression-id="organization_guest_contextual-sign-in-modal" data-cool-off-enabled data-show-on-page-load>  <div class>  <div id="base-contextual-sign-in-modal" class="modal modal--contextual-sign-in" data-outlet="base-contextual-sign-in-modal">  <div class="modal__overlay flex items-center bg-color-background-scrim justify-center fixed bottom-0 left-0 right-0 top-0 opacity-0 invisible pointer-events-none z-[1000] transition-[opacity] ease-[cubic-bezier(0.25,0.1,0.25,1.0)] duration-[0.17s] py-4 " aria-hidden="true"> <section aria-modal="true" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="base-contextual-sign-in-modal-modal-header" tabindex="-1" class="max-h-full modal__wrapper overflow-auto p-0 bg-color-surface max-w-[1128px] min-h-[160px] relative scale-[0.25] shadow-sm shadow-color-border-faint transition-[transform] ease-[cubic-bezier(0.25,0.1,0.25,1.0)] duration-[0.33s] focus:outline-0 w-[1128px] mamabear:w-[744px] babybear:w-[360px] rounded-md"> <button class="modal__dismiss btn-tertiary h-[40px] w-[40px] p-0 rounded-full indent-0 contextual-sign-in-modal__modal-dismiss absolute right-0 m-[20px] cursor-pointer" aria-label="Dismiss" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_contextual-sign-in-modal_modal_dismiss"> <icon class="contextual-sign-in-modal__modal-dismiss-icon" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/gs508lg3t2o81tq7pmcgn6m2"></icon> </button> <div class="modal__main w-full"> <div class="contextual-sign-in-modal__screen contextual-sign-in-modal__context-screen flex flex-col my-4 mx-3"> <img class="inline-block relative w-16 h-16 contextual-sign-in-modal__img m-auto" data-delayed-url="https://media.licdn.com/dms/image/v2/C4E0BAQHrtkmvwIJUpw/company-logo_200_200/company-logo_200_200/0/1630629336689/ieee_spectrum_logo?e=2147483647&v=beta&t=VBcdTdGEwVtxTfPC3Gx58ubApDFCKptfm7qMkzQChiU" data-ghost-classes="bg-color-entity-ghost-background" data-ghost-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cs8pjfgyw96g44ln9r7tct85f" alt> <h2 class="contextual-sign-in-modal__context-screen-title font-sans text-xl text-color-text my-2 mx-4 text-center" id="base-contextual-sign-in-modal-modal-header"> View insights on IEEE Spectrum </h2>  <div class="contextual-sign-in-modal__btn-container m-auto w-[320px] babybear:w-full">  <div class="w-full max-w-[400px] mx-auto"> <div class="google-auth-button">  <div class="google-auth-button__placeholder google-auth-button__placeholder--black-border" data-theme="outline" data-logo-alignment="center"></div>  </div> </div> <div class="sign-in-modal" data-impression-id="organization_guest_contextual-sign-in-modal_sign-in-modal"> <button class="sign-in-modal__outlet-btn cursor-pointer btn-md btn-primary" data-tracking-client-ingraph data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_contextual-sign-in-modal_sign-in-modal_outlet-button" data-modal="base-sign-in-modal">  Sign in </button> <div class>  <div id="base-sign-in-modal" class="modal modal--sign-in" data-outlet="base-sign-in-modal">  <div class="modal__overlay flex items-center bg-color-background-scrim justify-center fixed bottom-0 left-0 right-0 top-0 opacity-0 invisible pointer-events-none z-[1000] transition-[opacity] ease-[cubic-bezier(0.25,0.1,0.25,1.0)] duration-[0.17s] py-4 " aria-hidden="true"> <section aria-modal="true" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="base-sign-in-modal-modal-header" tabindex="-1" class="max-h-full modal__wrapper overflow-auto p-0 bg-color-surface max-w-[1128px] min-h-[160px] relative scale-[0.25] shadow-sm shadow-color-border-faint transition-[transform] ease-[cubic-bezier(0.25,0.1,0.25,1.0)] duration-[0.33s] focus:outline-0 w-[1128px] mamabear:w-[744px] babybear:w-[360px] rounded-md"> <button class="modal__dismiss btn-tertiary h-[40px] w-[40px] p-0 rounded-full indent-0 sign-in-modal__dismiss absolute right-0 cursor-pointer m-[20px]" aria-label="Dismiss" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_contextual-sign-in-modal_sign-in-modal_dismiss"> <icon class="sign-in-modal__dismiss-icon" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/gs508lg3t2o81tq7pmcgn6m2"></icon> </button> <div class="modal__main w-full"> <div class="sign-in-modal__screen flex flex-col py-4 w-[513px] babybear:w-full px-3"> <h2 class="sign-in-modal__header font-sans text-display-md text-color-text "> Welcome back </h2> <code id="i18n_sign_in_form_show_text" style="display: none"></code> <code id="i18n_sign_in_form_show_label" style="display: none"></code> <code id="i18n_sign_in_form_hide_text" style="display: none"></code> <code id="i18n_sign_in_form_hide_label" style="display: none"></code> <code id="i18n_username_error_empty" style="display: none"></code> <code id="i18n_username_error_too_long" style="display: none"></code> <code id="i18n_username_error_too_short" style="display: none"></code> <code id="i18n_password_error_empty" style="display: none"></code> <code id="i18n_password_error_too_short" style="display: none"></code> <code id="i18n_password_error_too_long" style="display: none"></code>  <form data-id="sign-in-form" action="https://www.linkedin.com/uas/login-submit" method="post" novalidate class="mt-1.5 mb-2"> <input name="loginCsrfParam" value="e712723d-3222-4c96-889c-3bcd0894bfb2" type="hidden"> <div class="flex flex-col"> <div class="mt-1.5" data-js-module-id="guest-input"> <div class="flex flex-col"> <label class="input-label mb-1" for="base-sign-in-modal_session_key"> Email or phone </label> <div class="text-input flex"> <input class="text-color-text font-sans text-md outline-0 bg-color-transparent grow" autocomplete="username" id="base-sign-in-modal_session_key" name="session_key" required data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_contextual-sign-in-modal_sign-in-modal_sign-in-session-key" data-tracking-client-ingraph type="text"> </div> </div> <p class="input-helper mt-1.5" for="base-sign-in-modal_session_key" role="alert" data-js-module-id="guest-input__message"></p> </div> <div class="mt-1.5" data-js-module-id="guest-input"> <div class="flex flex-col"> <label class="input-label mb-1" for="base-sign-in-modal_session_password"> Password </label> <div class="text-input flex"> <input class="text-color-text font-sans text-md outline-0 bg-color-transparent grow" autocomplete="current-password" id="base-sign-in-modal_session_password" name="session_password" required data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_contextual-sign-in-modal_sign-in-modal_sign-in-password" data-tracking-client-ingraph type="password"> <button aria-live="assertive" aria-relevant="text" data-id="sign-in-form__password-visibility-toggle" class="font-sans text-md font-bold text-color-action z-10 ml-[12px] hover:cursor-pointer" aria-label="Show your LinkedIn password" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_contextual-sign-in-modal_sign-in-modal_sign-in-password-visibility-toggle-btn" type="button">Show</button> </div> </div> <p class="input-helper mt-1.5" for="base-sign-in-modal_session_password" role="alert" data-js-module-id="guest-input__message"></p> </div> <input name="session_redirect" value="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ieee-spectrum" type="hidden">  </div> <div data-id="sign-in-form__footer" class="flex justify-between sign-in-form__footer--full-width"> <a data-id="sign-in-form__forgot-password" class="font-sans text-md font-bold link leading-regular sign-in-form__forgot-password--full-width" href="https://www.linkedin.com/uas/request-password-reset?trk=organization_guest_contextual-sign-in-modal_sign-in-modal_forgot_password" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_contextual-sign-in-modal_sign-in-modal_forgot_password" data-tracking-will-navigate>Forgot password?</a>  <input name="trk" value="organization_guest_contextual-sign-in-modal_sign-in-modal_sign-in-submit" type="hidden"> <button class="btn-md btn-primary flex-shrink-0 cursor-pointer sign-in-form__submit-btn--full-width" data-id="sign-in-form__submit-btn" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_contextual-sign-in-modal_sign-in-modal_sign-in-submit-btn" data-tracking-client-ingraph data-tracking-litms type="submit"> Sign in </button> </div> <div class="sign-in-form__divider left-right-divider pt-2 pb-3"> <p class="sign-in-form__divider-text font-sans text-sm text-color-text px-2"> or </p> </div> </form> <div class="w-full max-w-[400px] mx-auto"> <div class="google-auth-button" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_contextual-sign-in-modal_sign-in-modal_google-auth-button" data-tracking-client-ingraph> <code id="isTermsAndConditionsSkipEnabledAuthButton" style="display: none"></code> <p class="linkedin-tc__text text-color-text-low-emphasis text-xs pb-2" data-impression-id="organization_guest_contextual-sign-in-modal_sign-in-modal__button-skip-tc-text"> By clicking Continue to join or sign in, you agree to LinkedIn’s <a href="/legal/user-agreement?trk=organization_guest_contextual-sign-in-modal_sign-in-modal_auth-button_user-agreement" target="_blank" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_contextual-sign-in-modal_sign-in-modal_auth-button_user-agreement" data-tracking-will-navigate="true">User Agreement</a>, <a href="/legal/privacy-policy?trk=organization_guest_contextual-sign-in-modal_sign-in-modal_auth-button_privacy-policy" target="_blank" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_contextual-sign-in-modal_sign-in-modal_auth-button_privacy-policy" data-tracking-will-navigate="true">Privacy Policy</a>, and <a href="/legal/cookie-policy?trk=organization_guest_contextual-sign-in-modal_sign-in-modal_auth-button_cookie-policy" target="_blank" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_contextual-sign-in-modal_sign-in-modal_auth-button_cookie-policy" data-tracking-will-navigate="true">Cookie Policy</a>. </p> <div class="google-auth-button__placeholder google-auth-button__placeholder--black-border" data-theme="outline" data-logo-alignment="center"></div>  </div> </div>  <p class="sign-in-modal__join-now m-auto font-sans text-md text-color-text mt-2"> New to LinkedIn? <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/signup?session_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Elinkedin%2Ecom%2Fcompany%2Fieee-spectrum&trk=organization_guest_contextual-sign-in-modal_sign-in-modal_join-link" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_contextual-sign-in-modal_sign-in-modal_join-link" data-tracking-will-navigate="true" class="sign-in-modal__join-link">Join now</a> </p> </div> </div>  </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="contextual-sign-in-modal__divider left-right-divider"> <p class="contextual-sign-in-modal__divider-text font-sans text-sm text-color-text px-2"> or </p> </div> </div> <p class="contextual-sign-in-modal__join-now m-auto font-sans text-md text-color-text my-1"> New to LinkedIn? <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/signup?session_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Elinkedin%2Ecom%2Fcompany%2Fieee-spectrum&trk=organization_guest_contextual-sign-in-modal_join-link" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_contextual-sign-in-modal_join-link" data-tracking-will-navigate="true" class="contextual-sign-in-modal__join-link">Join now</a> </p> <p class="linkedin-tc__text text-color-text-low-emphasis text-xs pb-2 contextual-sign-in-modal__terms-and-conditions m-auto w-[320px] pt-2 babybear:w-full" data-impression-id="linkedin-tc__button-skip-tc-text"> By clicking Continue to join or sign in, you agree to LinkedIn’s <a href="/legal/user-agreement?trk=linkedin-tc_auth-button_user-agreement" target="_blank" data-tracking-control-name="linkedin-tc_auth-button_user-agreement" data-tracking-will-navigate="true">User Agreement</a>, <a href="/legal/privacy-policy?trk=linkedin-tc_auth-button_privacy-policy" target="_blank" data-tracking-control-name="linkedin-tc_auth-button_privacy-policy" data-tracking-will-navigate="true">Privacy Policy</a>, and <a href="/legal/cookie-policy?trk=linkedin-tc_auth-button_cookie-policy" target="_blank" data-tracking-control-name="linkedin-tc_auth-button_cookie-policy" data-tracking-will-navigate="true">Cookie Policy</a>. </p> </div> </div>  </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cta-modal overflow-hidden container-raised z-10 fixed bottom-3 right-3 min-h-[56px] p-2 babybear:hidden windows-app-upsell windows-app-upsell--msft flex flex-col p-2 w-[359px] !bg-[#F1F8FA] opacity-90 backdrop-blur-[2px] z-1" data-impression-id="organization_guest_windows-app-upsell_cta-modal" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="cta-modal-header" aria-describedby="cta-modal-subheader"> <div class="windows-app-upsell__linkedin-title-container pt-[6px] mb-1.5 flex align-center"> <icon class="windows-app-upsell__linkedin-bug-icon block w-[21px] h-[21px]" data-svg-class-name="windows-app-upsell__linkedin-bug-icon-svg w-[21px] h-[21px]" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/euqjj7tf5wvr33frd3x1jj9s"></icon> <p class="windows-app-upsell__linkedin-title uppercase text-xs text-color-text-secondary leading-[21px] ml-1"> LinkedIn </p> </div> <p class="windows-app-upsell__title font-sans text-md text-color-text-accent-4-hover font-semibold leading-regular mb-1"> LinkedIn is better on the app </p> <p class="windows-app-upsell__body font-sans text-sm text-color-text-secondary leading-regular"> Don’t have the app? Get it in the Microsoft Store. </p> <a class="windows-app-upsell__cta btn-sm btn-secondary-emphasis mt-2 mb-[6px] w-fit" href="ms-windows-store://pdp/?ProductId=9WZDNCRFJ4Q7&mode=mini&cid=guest_desktop_upsell" data-tracking-client-ingraph data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_windows-app-upsell_cta" data-tracking-will-navigate> Open the app </a> <button class="cta-modal__dismiss-btn absolute h-4 w-4 p-1 top-2 right-2 hover:cursor-pointer focus:outline focus:outline-2 focus:outline-color-action" data-tracking-control-name="organization_guest_windows-app-upsell_dismiss" aria-label="Dismiss"> <icon class="cta-modal__dismiss-icon block h-2 w-2 onload" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/adzjokfylbe8pvjr9h8iv96mw"></icon> </button> </div> </div> <code id="disableOneTapOnInit" style="display: none"></code> <code id="flagshipOrganizationTracking" style="display: none"></code> <script src="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/7itt46rafycxiwozfd111d2we" async></script>  <script src="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/eef4p9np6sualhph80ir8m1im" async defer></script> <script data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/19m2m2iij3pcbxe4bkogyzklj" data-module-id="media-player"></script>  </body> </html>

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