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data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/enterprise_en"> Enterprise </a> </li> <li data-id="1060" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/single-market_en"> Single market </a> </li> <li data-id="1042" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/trade_en"> Trade </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="1023" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega dropdown-submenu level-2 mega dropdown-submenu"> <span class="nolink-submenu-title"> Culture and education <span class="caret"></span> </span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-51" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-4"> <li data-id="1130" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/audiovisual-media_en"> Audiovisual and media </a> </li> <li data-id="1147" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/culture_en"> Culture </a> </li> <li data-id="1024" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/education-training-youth_en"> Education, training and youth </a> </li> <li data-id="1025" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/multilingualism_en"> Multilingualism </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="1093" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega dropdown-submenu level-2 mega dropdown-submenu"> <span class="nolink-submenu-title"> Customs and tax <span class="caret"></span> </span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-53" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-2"> <li data-id="1144" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/customs_en"> Customs </a> </li> <li data-id="1094" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/taxation_en"> Taxation </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="1030" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega dropdown-submenu level-2 mega dropdown-submenu"> <span class="nolink-submenu-title"> Development and humanitarian aid <span class="caret"></span> </span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-55" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-3"> <li data-id="1053" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/development-cooperation_en"> Development and Cooperation </a> </li> <li data-id="1031" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/humanitarian-aid-civil-protection_en"> Humanitarian aid and Civil Protection </a> </li> <li data-id="1069" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/human-rights_en"> Human rights </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="1052" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega dropdown-submenu level-2 mega dropdown-submenu"> <span class="nolink-submenu-title"> Economy and finance <span class="caret"></span> </span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-57" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-3"> <li data-id="1089" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/budget_en"> Budget </a> </li> <li data-id="1145" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/economic-monetary-affairs_en"> Economic and monetary affairs </a> </li> <li data-id="1065" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/fraud-prevention_en"> Fraud prevention </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="1107" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega dropdown-submenu level-2 mega dropdown-submenu"> <span class="nolink-submenu-title"> Employment and social affairs <span class="caret"></span> </span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-59" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-1"> <li data-id="1108" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/employment-social-affairs_en"> Employment and social affairs </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="1109" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega dropdown-submenu level-2 mega dropdown-submenu"> <span class="nolink-submenu-title"> Enlargement and foreign affairs <span class="caret"></span> </span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-61" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-2"> <li data-id="1110" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/enlargement_en"> Enlargement </a> </li> <li data-id="1139" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/foreign-security-policy_en"> Foreign and security policy </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="1037" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega dropdown-submenu level-2 mega dropdown-submenu"> <span class="nolink-submenu-title"> Environment and energy <span class="caret"></span> </span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-63" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-3"> <li data-id="1057" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/climate-action_en"> Climate action </a> </li> <li data-id="1038" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/energy_en"> Energy </a> </li> <li data-id="1075" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/environment_en"> Environment </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="1095" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega dropdown-submenu level-2 mega dropdown-submenu"> <span class="nolink-submenu-title"> EU institutions <span class="caret"></span> </span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-65" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-1"> <li data-id="1126" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/institutional-affairs_en"> Institutional affairs </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="1061" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega dropdown-submenu level-2 mega dropdown-submenu"> <span class="nolink-submenu-title"> Health <span class="caret"></span> </span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-67" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-2"> <li data-id="1062" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/health_en"> Health </a> </li> <li data-id="1134" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/sport_en"> Sport </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="1044" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega dropdown-submenu level-2 mega dropdown-submenu"> <span class="nolink-submenu-title"> Justice and Citizens’ rights <span class="caret"></span> </span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-69" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-3"> <li data-id="1088" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/eu-citizenship_en"> EU citizenship </a> </li> <li data-id="1120" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/consumers_en"> Consumers </a> </li> <li data-id="1045" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/justice-home-affairs_en"> Justice and Home Affairs </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="1058" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega dropdown-submenu level-2 mega dropdown-submenu"> <span class="nolink-submenu-title"> Regions and local development <span class="caret"></span> </span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-71" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-1"> <li data-id="1059" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/regional-policy_en"> Regional policy </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="1032" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega dropdown-submenu level-2 mega dropdown-submenu"> <span class="nolink-submenu-title"> Science and technology <span class="caret"></span> </span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-73" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-3"> <li data-id="1033" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/space_en"> Space </a> </li> <li data-id="1127" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/digital-economy-society_en"> Digital economy & society </a> </li> <li data-id="1039" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/research-innovation_en"> Research and innovation </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="1048" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega dropdown-submenu level-2 mega dropdown-submenu"> <span class="nolink-submenu-title"> Transport and travel <span class="caret"></span> </span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-75" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-1"> <li data-id="1049" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/transport_en"> Transport </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="1046" data-level="1" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-1 mega dropdown level-1 mega dropdown"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/law_en" class="dropdown-toggle" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0" title="EU law"> EU law <span class="caret"></span> </a> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-90" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-1 items-3"> <li data-id="1055" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega dropdown-submenu level-2 mega dropdown-submenu"> <span class="nolink-submenu-title"> Decision-making <span class="caret"></span> </span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-85" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-4"> <li data-id="1103" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/eu-law/decision-making/procedures_en" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0"> How EU decisions are made </a> </li> <li data-id="2490" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/law/treaties_en" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0"> EU treaties </a> </li> <li data-id="1056" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/eu-law/legal-acts_en" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0"> Regulations, Directives and other acts </a> </li> <li data-id="1133" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/law/application_en" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0"> Application of EU law </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="1047" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega dropdown-submenu level-2 mega dropdown-submenu"> <span class="nolink-submenu-title"> Legislation and case-law <span class="caret"></span> </span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-87" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-2"> <li data-id="1119" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/law/find-legislation_en"> Find legislation </a> </li> <li data-id="1111" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/law/find-case-law_en"> Find case-law </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="1117" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega dropdown-submenu level-2 mega dropdown-submenu"> <span class="nolink-submenu-title"> Have your say <span class="caret"></span> </span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-89" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-1"> <li data-id="1118" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/law/have-your-say_en" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0"> Get involved in European policy making </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="1050" data-level="1" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-1 mega dropdown level-1 mega dropdown"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/life-business_en" class="dropdown-toggle"> Life and business in the EU <span class="caret"></span> </a> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-100" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-1 items-2"> <li data-id="1034" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega dropdown-submenu level-2 mega dropdown-submenu"> <span class="nolink-submenu-title"> Living, working, travelling in the EU <span class="caret"></span> </span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-97" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-8"> <li data-id="1137" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/life/work-pensions_en"> Work and retirement </a> </li> <li data-id="1054" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/life/education-training_en" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0"> Education and youth </a> </li> <li data-id="1035" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/life/healthcare_en" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0"> Healthcare </a> </li> <li data-id="1085" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/life/consumer-rights_en" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0"> Consumer rights </a> </li> <li data-id="1131" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/life/travel-tourism_en" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0"> Travel </a> </li> <li data-id="1140" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/life/living-abroad_en" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0"> Living abroad </a> </li> <li data-id="1132" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/life/family-law_en" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0"> Family – laws in other EU countries </a> </li> <li data-id="1113" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/life/driving_en" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0"> Driving </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="1026" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega dropdown-submenu level-2 mega dropdown-submenu"> <span class="nolink-submenu-title"> Doing business in the EU <span class="caret"></span> </span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-99" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-8"> <li data-id="1036" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/business/startups_en" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0"> Start-ups </a> </li> <li data-id="1105" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/business/vat-customs_en" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0"> VAT & customs </a> </li> <li data-id="1151" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/business/eu-standards_en" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0"> European standards </a> </li> <li data-id="1084" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/business/recruitment-staff-welfare_en" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0"> Recruitment and staff welfare </a> </li> <li data-id="1106" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/business/import-export_en" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0"> Import and export </a> </li> <li data-id="1040" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/business/finance-funding_en" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0"> Finance and funding </a> </li> <li data-id="1092" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/business/environment-rules_en" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0"> Environmental rules </a> </li> <li data-id="1129" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/business/public-contracts_en" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0"> Public contracts in the EU – rules and guidelines </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="1080" data-level="1" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-1 mega dropdown level-1 mega dropdown"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/contact_en" class="dropdown-toggle" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0" title="Contact"> Contact <span class="caret"></span> </a> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-118" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-1 items-4"> <li data-id="1063" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega dropdown-submenu level-2 mega dropdown-submenu"> <span class="nolink-submenu-title"> Questions about the EU <span class="caret"></span> </span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-111" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-3"> <li data-id="1149" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/contact/write-to-us_en" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0"> Write to us </a> </li> <li data-id="2493" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/contact/call-us_en" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0"> Telephone </a> </li> <li data-id="1064" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/contact/meet-us_en" data-display-title="1" data-hide-children="0" data-remove-class="0"> Contact points in your country </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="1073" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega dropdown-submenu level-2 mega dropdown-submenu"> <span class="nolink-submenu-title"> Institutions, bodies & agencies – contact & visit details <span class="caret"></span> </span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-113" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-5"> <li data-id="1086" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega level-3 mega"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/contact/institutions-bodies_en"> Institutions, bodies and agencies </a> </li> <li data-id="1076" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" 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id="responsive-sidebar-left"></div> <div id="responsive-sidebar-right"></div> </div> <div id="layout-body" class="container"> <div class="row"> <h1 class="col-lg-8 col-md-8 col-sm-12 col-xs-12" id="page-title"> The EU in brief </h1> <div class="col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <div class="region region-tools"> <div id="block-system-user-menu" class="btn-group block block-system block-menu"> <a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/ecas" title="Log in" class="btn btn-default" data-image="log-in" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" data-container="body"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-log-in" aria-hidden="true"></span> EU Login</a><a href="/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/account_request_en" title="Request new account" class="btn btn-success" data-image="plus" data-display-title="0" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" data-container="body"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus menu-no-title" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="sr-only">Create an EU Login account</span></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div id="sidebar-left" class="col-lg-3 col-md-4 col-sm-0 col-xs-0 sidebar-left visible-lg visible-md"> <div id="block-tocify-tocify" class="block block-tocify panel panel-default clearfix"> <div class="panel-heading"> Page Contents </div> <div class="panel-body content"> <div id="tocify"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="content-wrapper" class="col-lg-9 col-md-8 col-sm-12 col-md-12"> <h1 class="title" id="content-title"> The EU in brief </h1> <a id="main-content"></a> <div class="tabs"> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <div class="region region-content"> <div id="block-system-main" class="block block-system panel panel-default clearfix"> <div class="panel-body content"> <div about="/european-union/about-eu/eu-in-brief_en" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document" class="ds-1col node node-common-page node-full view-mode-full clearfix"> <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" property="content:encoded"><h2>Goals and values of the EU</h2> <h3>Goals</h3> <p>The goals of the European Union are:</p> <ul><li>promote peace, its values and the well-being of its citizens;</li> <li>offer freedom, security and justice without internal borders;</li> <li>sustainable development based on balanced economic growth and price stability, a highly competitive market economy with full employment and social progress, and environmental protection;</li> <li>combat social exclusion and discrimination;</li> <li>promote scientific and technological progress;</li> <li>enhance economic, social and territorial cohesion and solidarity among member countries;</li> <li>respect its rich cultural and linguistic diversity;</li> <li>establish an economic and monetary union whose currency is the euro.</li> </ul><h3>Values</h3> <p>The EU values are common to the member countries in a society in which inclusion, tolerance, justice, solidarity and non-discrimination prevail. These values are an integral part of our European way of life:</p> <ul><li><strong>Human dignity</strong><br/>Human dignity is inviolable. It must be respected, protected and constitutes the real basis of fundamental rights.</li> </ul><ul><li><strong>Freedom</strong><br/>Freedom of movement gives citizens the right to move and reside freely within the Union. Individual freedoms such as respect for private life, freedom of thought, religion, assembly, expression and information are protected by the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights.</li> </ul><ul><li><strong>Democracy</strong><br/>The functioning of the EU is founded on representative democracy. Being a European citizen also means enjoying political rights. Every adult EU citizen has the right to stand as a candidate and to vote in elections to the European Parliament. EU citizens have the right to stand as candidate and to vote in their country of residence, or in their country of origin.</li> </ul><ul><li><strong>Equality</strong><br/>Equality is about equal rights for all citizens before the law. The principle of equality between women and men underpins all European policies and is the basis for European integration. It applies in all areas. The principle of equal pay for equal work became part of the Treaty of in 1957. Although inequalities still exist, the EU has made significant progress.</li> </ul><ul><li><strong>Rule of law</strong><br/>The EU is based on the rule of law. Everything the EU does is founded on treaties, voluntarily and democratically agreed by its member countries. Law and justice are upheld by an independent judiciary. The member countries gave final jurisdiction to the European Court of Justice which judgements have to be respected by all.</li> </ul><ul><li><strong>Human rights</strong><br/>Human rights are protected by the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights. These cover the right to be free from discrimination on the basis of sex, racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation, the right to the protection of your personal data, and or the right to get access to justice.</li> </ul><p>These goals and values form the basis of the EU and are laid out in the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121202137/http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:12016ME/TXT&from=EN">Lisbon Treaty</a> and the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121202137/http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:12016P/TXT&from=EN">EU Charter of fundamental rights</a>.</p> <p>In 2012, the EU was awarded the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/about-eu/history/2010-today/2012/eu-nobel_en">Nobel Peace Prize</a> for advancing the causes of peace, reconciliation, democracy and human rights in Europe.</p> <p> </p> <p></p><center><div class="media media-element-container media-default"><div id="file-47053" class="file file-image file-image-jpeg"> <h2 class="element-invisible">/european-union/file/70-years-peaceen0jpg_en70-years-peace_en_0.jpg</h2> <div class="content"> <img alt="70 years of lasting peace" height="200" width="400" class="media-element file-default" typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121202137im_/https://europa.eu/european-union/sites/europaeu/files/pictures/70-years-peace_en_0.jpg" title="70 years of lasting peace"/><div class="field field-name-field-caption field-type-text field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item even"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p></p></center><br/><h2>From economic to political union</h2> <p>The European Union is a unique economic and political union between <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/about-eu/countries/member-countries_en">28 European countries</a> that together cover much of the continent.</p> <p>The predecessor of the EU was created in the aftermath of the Second World War. The first steps were to foster economic cooperation: the idea being that countries that trade with one another become economically interdependent and so more likely to avoid conflict.</p> <p>The result was the European Economic Community (EEC), created in 1958, and initially increasing economic cooperation between six countries: Belgium, Germany, France, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands.</p> <p>Since then, 22 other members joined and a huge <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/single-market_en">single market</a> (also known as the 'internal' market) has been created and continues to develop towards its full potential.</p> <p>What began as a purely economic union has evolved into an organization spanning <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics_en">policy areas</a>, from climate, environment and health to external relations and security, justice and migration. A name change from the European Economic Community (EEC) to the European Union (EU) in 1993 reflected this.</p> <h2>Stability, a single currency, mobility and growth</h2> <p>The EU has delivered more than half a century of peace, stability and prosperity, helped raise living standards and launched a single European currency: the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/about-eu/money/euro_en">euro</a>. More than 340 million EU citizens in 19 countries now use it as their currency and enjoy its benefits.</p> <p>Thanks to the abolition of border controls between EU countries, people can travel freely throughout most of the continent. And it has become much easier to <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/life-business_en">live, work and travel</a> abroad in Europe. All EU citizens have the right and freedom to choose in which EU country they want to study, work or retire. Every member country must treat EU citizens in exactly the same way as its own citizens for employment, social security and tax purposes.</p> <p>The EU's main economic engine is the single market. It enables most goods, services, money and people to move freely. The EU aims to develop this huge resource to other areas like energy, knowledge and capital markets to ensure that Europeans can draw the maximum benefit from it.</p> <h2>Transparent and democratic institutions</h2> <p>The EU remains focused on making its governing <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/about-eu/institutions-bodies_en">institutions</a> more transparent and democratic. More powers have been given to the directly elected European Parliament, while national parliaments play a greater role, working alongside the European institutions. In turn, European citizens have an ever-increasing number of channels <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/law/have-your-say_en">for taking part in the political process</a>.</p> <p>The EU is governed by the principle of representative democracy, with citizens directly represented at Union level in the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/about-eu/institutions-bodies/european-parliament_en">European Parliament</a> and Member States represented in the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/about-eu/institutions-bodies/european-council_en">European Council</a> and the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/about-eu/institutions-bodies/council-eu_en">Council of the EU</a>.</p> <h2>The EU in the world</h2> <h3>Trade</h3> <p>The European Union is the largest <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/trade_en">trade</a> block in the world. It is the world's biggest exporter of manufactured goods and services, and the biggest import market for over 100 countries.</p> <p>Free trade among its members was one of the EU's founding principles. This is possible thanks to the single market. Beyond its borders, the EU is also committed to liberalising world trade.</p> <h3>Humanitarian aid</h3> <p>The EU is committed to helping victims of man-made and natural disasters worldwide and supports over 120 million people each year. Collectively, the EU and its constituent countries are the world's leading donor of <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/humanitarian-aid-civil-protection_en">humanitarian aid</a>.</p> <h3>Diplomacy and security</h3> <p>The EU plays an important role in <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/foreign-security-policy_en">diplomacy</a> and works to foster stability, security and prosperity, democracy, fundamental freedoms and the rule of law at international level.</p> </div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-downloads-items field-type-entityreference field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Downloads: </div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><div id="node-321" class="node node-downloads clearfix" about="/european-union/content/eu-brief_en" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document"> <span property="dc:title" content="The EU in brief" class="rdf-meta element-hidden"></span><span property="sioc:num_replies" content="0" datatype="xsd:integer" class="rdf-meta element-hidden"></span> <div class="content clearfix"> <div class="field field-name-field-downloads-link field-type-link-field field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121202137/https://publications.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/9a6a89dc-4ed7-4bb9-a9f7-53d7f1fb1dae">The EU explained - How the European Union works</a></div><div class="field-item odd"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121202137/https://publications.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/2d85274b-0093-4e38-896a-12518d629057">Europe in 12 lessons</a></div><div class="field-item even"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121202137/https://europa.eu/european-union/documents-publications/reports-booklets/general-report_en">The General Report on the Activities of the European Union</a></div><div 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