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<li id="toc-Buddhist/Hindu_influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Buddhist/Hindu_influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Buddhist/Hindu influence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Buddhist/Hindu_influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Influence_of_Islamic_Calendar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Influence_of_Islamic_Calendar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Influence of Islamic Calendar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Influence_of_Islamic_Calendar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Calendar_structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Calendar_structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Calendar structure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Calendar_structure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Calendar structure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Calendar_structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Months" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Months"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Months</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Months-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Days" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Days"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Days</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Days-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traditional_and_revised_versions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traditional_and_revised_versions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Traditional and revised versions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traditional_and_revised_versions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Festivals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Festivals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Festivals</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Festivals-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Festivals subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Festivals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pohela_Boishakh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pohela_Boishakh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Pohela Boishakh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pohela_Boishakh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Haal_Khata" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Haal_Khata"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Haal Khata</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Haal_Khata-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Boishakhi_Mela" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Boishakhi_Mela"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>Boishakhi Mela</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Boishakhi_Mela-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spring_festival" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spring_festival"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Spring festival</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spring_festival-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Boli_Khela" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Boli_Khela"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Boli Khela</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Boli_Khela-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cattle_racing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cattle_racing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Cattle racing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cattle_racing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bengali calendar</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 31 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">31 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A" title="تقويم بنغالي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تقويم بنغالي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benqal_t%C9%99qvimi" title="Benqal təqvimi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Benqal təqvimi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kal%C3%A9nder_Bengali" title="Kalénder Bengali – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Kalénder Bengali" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6" title="বঙ্গাব্দ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বঙ্গাব্দ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendari_bengal%C3%AD" title="Calendari bengalí – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Calendari bengalí" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengalischer_Solarkalender" title="Bengalischer Solarkalender – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bengalischer Solarkalender" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendario_bengal%C3%AD" title="Calendario bengalí – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Calendario bengalí" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengaliar_egutegia" title="Bengaliar egutegia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bengaliar egutegia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C" title="گاه‌شماری بنگالی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گاه‌شماری بنگالی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendrier_bengali" title="Calendrier bengali – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Calendrier bengali" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97" title="बंगाली पंचांग – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बंगाली पंचांग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalender_Bengali" title="Kalender Bengali – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kalender Bengali" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendario_bengalese" title="Calendario bengalese – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Calendario bengalese" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beng%C4%81lie%C5%A1u_kalend%C4%81rs" title="Bengāliešu kalendārs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Bengāliešu kalendārs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengal%C5%B3_kalendorius" title="Bengalų kalendorius – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Bengalų kalendorius" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Бенгалски календар – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Бенгалски календар" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ბენგალური კალენდარი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ბენგალური კალენდარი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%89" title="تقويم بنغالى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تقويم بنغالى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%85" title="بنگالی تقویم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بنگالی تقویم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C" title="Бенгальский календарь – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бенгальский календарь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengali_calendar" title="Bengali calendar – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Bengali calendar" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Бенгалски календар – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Бенгалски календар" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengalski_kalendar" title="Bengalski kalendar – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Bengalski kalendar" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengaliska_kalendern" title="Bengaliska kalendern – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bengaliska kalendern" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalendaryong_Bengali" title="Kalendaryong Bengali – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kalendaryong Bengali" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengal_takvimi" title="Bengal takvimi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bengal takvimi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Бенгальський календар – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Бенгальський календар" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%85" title="بنگالی تقویم – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بنگالی تقویم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%90%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%AA%DB%95%D9%82%DB%8B%D9%89%D9%85%D9%89" title="بېنگال تەقۋىمى – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="بېنگال تەقۋىمى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%E1%BB%8Bch_Bengal" title="Lịch Bengal – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Lịch Bengal" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E5%8E%86" title="孟加拉历 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="孟加拉历" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q817181#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div 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style="display:none">Calendar used in the Bengal region</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the national calendar of Bangladesh, see <a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_national_calendar" title="Bangladeshi national calendar">Bangladeshi national calendar</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox 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class="infobox-above">Today</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><b><a href="/wiki/Sunday" title="Sunday">Sunday</a></b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/January_19" title="January 19">January 19</a>, <a href="/wiki/2025" title="2025">2025</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a></th><td class="infobox-data">19 <a href="/wiki/Rajab" title="Rajab">Rajab</a>, 1446 <a href="/wiki/Hijri_year" title="Hijri year">AH</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew calendar</a></th><td class="infobox-data">19 <a href="/wiki/Tevet" title="Tevet">Tevet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anno_Mundi" title="Anno Mundi">AM</a> 5785</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar">Coptic calendar</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tobi_11" title="Tobi 11">Tobi 11</a>, 1741 <a href="/wiki/Era_of_the_Martyrs" title="Era of the Martyrs">AM</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Solar_Hijri_calendar" title="Solar Hijri calendar">Solar Hijri calendar</a></th><td class="infobox-data">30 <a href="/wiki/Dey_(month)" title="Dey (month)">Dey</a>, 1403 SH</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bengali calendar</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Magh_(Bengali_calendar)" title="Magh (Bengali calendar)">Magh</a> 5, 1431 <a href="/wiki/Bengali_Era" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali Era">BS</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a></th><td class="infobox-data">6 January 2025</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a 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background:var(--background-color-base, #fff); color: var(--color-base, #202122);"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="padding-top:0.4em;">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:175%; line-height:1.0em; padding-bottom:0.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Bengalis" title="Bengalis">Bengalis</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="border:none; padding:0.6em 0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bengali_dialects_political_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Bengali_dialects_political_map.svg/140px-Bengali_dialects_political_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Bengali_dialects_political_map.svg/210px-Bengali_dialects_political_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Bengali_dialects_political_map.svg/280px-Bengali_dialects_political_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="1250" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0 0.4em 0.6em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Bengal" title="History of Bengal">Bengali history</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vanga_kingdom" title="Vanga kingdom">Vanga kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangaridai" title="Gangaridai">Gangaridai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gauda_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Gauda Kingdom">Gauda Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pala_Empire" title="Pala Empire">Pala Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Sultanate" title="Bengal Sultanate">Bengal Sultanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Subah" title="Bengal Subah">Bengal Subah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Presidency" title="Bengal Presidency">Bengal Presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1905)" title="Partition of Bengal (1905)">Partition of Bengal (1905)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Bengal_and_Assam" title="Eastern Bengal and Assam">Eastern Bengal and Assam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1947)" title="Partition of Bengal (1947)">Partition of Bengal (1947)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Bengal" title="East Bengal">East Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Pakistan" title="East Pakistan">East Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Names_of_Bengal" title="Names of Bengal">Names of Bengal</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0 0.4em 0.6em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Bengal" title="Bengal">Bengali homeland</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengal" title="Bengal">Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripura" title="Tripura">Tripura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barak_Valley" title="Barak Valley">Barak Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0 0.4em 0.6em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Bengali_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali people">Bengali people</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li>Social group: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangal" title="Bangal">Bangal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghotis" title="Ghotis">Ghotis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_diaspora" title="Bangladeshi diaspora">Diaspora</a></li></ul></li> <li>Religious community: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_Muslims" title="Bengali Muslims">Muslims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_Hindus" title="Bengali Hindus">Hindus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_Buddhists" title="Bengali Buddhists">Buddhists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_Christians" title="Bengali Christians">Christians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_name" title="Bengali name">Bengali name</a></li> <li>Subgroups: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhakaiyas" title="Dhakaiyas">Dhakaiyas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylhetis" title="Sylhetis">Sylhetis</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0 0.4em 0.6em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Bengali_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali culture">Bengali culture</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangaliana" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangaliana">Bangaliana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Language</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_dialects" title="Bengali dialects">Dialects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_alphabet" title="Bengali alphabet">Alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanisation_of_Bengali" title="Romanisation of Bengali">Romanisation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_literature" title="Bengali literature">Literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_poetry" title="Bengali poetry">Poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_science_fiction" title="Bengali science fiction">Science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_novels" title="Bengali novels">Novels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_folk_literature" title="Bangladeshi folk literature">Folklore</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_art" title="Bangladeshi art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali music">Music</a></li> <li>Cinema <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Bangladesh" title="Cinema of Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_West_Bengal" title="Cinema of West Bengal">West Bengal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Theatre in Bangladesh">Theatre</a></li> <li>Weddings <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_Muslim_wedding" title="Bengali Muslim wedding">Bengali Muslim wedding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_Hindu_wedding" title="Bengali Hindu wedding">Bengali Hindu wedding</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_cuisine" title="Bengali cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali architecture">Architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_temple_architecture" title="Bengal temple architecture">Bengal Temple</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Calendar</a></li> <li>Festivals <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pahela_Baishakh" class="mw-redirect" title="Pahela Baishakh">New Year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahela_Falgun" class="mw-redirect" title="Pahela Falgun">Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barsha_Utsab" title="Barsha Utsab">Monsoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabanna" title="Nabanna">Harvest</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0 0.4em 0.6em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)">Bengali symbols</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangamata" title="Bangamata">Bangamata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joy_Bangla" title="Joy Bangla">Joy Bangla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_tiger" title="Bengal tiger">Bengal tiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_cat" title="Bengal cat">Bengal cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bungalow" title="Bungalow">Bungalow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_fire" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengal fire">Bengal fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Renaissance" title="Bengal Renaissance">Bengal Renaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amar_Sonar_Bangla" title="Amar Sonar Bangla">Amar Sonar Bangla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Bangladesh" title="National symbols of Bangladesh">National symbols of Bangladesh</a></li> <li>Fish and rice <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ilish" title="Ilish">Ilish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chingri_malai_curry" title="Chingri malai curry">Chingri malai curry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasgulla" title="Rasgulla">Rasgulla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chomchom" title="Chomchom">Chomchom</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamdani" title="Jamdani">Jamdani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suvarnabhumi" title="Suvarnabhumi">Suvarnabhumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal" title="Bay of Bengal">Bay of Bengal</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0 0.4em 0.6em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Bengali_nationalism" title="Bengali nationalism">Bengali nationalism</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Bengal" title="List of rulers of Bengal">List of rulers of Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Bengal" title="United Bengal">United Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangabhumi" title="Bangabhumi">Bangabhumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Bangladesh" title="Greater Bangladesh">Greater Bangladesh</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="padding-top:0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bengalis" title="Template:Bengalis"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bengalis" title="Template talk:Bengalis"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bengalis" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bengalis"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Bengali Calendar</b> (<a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a>: <span lang="bn">বঙ্গাব্দ</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Bengali" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Bengali">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Bengali-language romanization"><i lang="bn-Latn">Bôṅgābdô</i></span>, colloquially <span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">বাংলা সন</span></span>, <i>Bāṅlā Sôn</i> or <span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">বাংলা সাল</span></span>, <i>Bāṅlā Sāl</i>, "Bangla Year"),<sup id="cite_ref-Sengupta2011_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sengupta2011-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a <a href="/wiki/Solar_calendar" title="Solar calendar">solar calendar</a><sup id="cite_ref-ChakrabartiChakrabarti2013_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ChakrabartiChakrabarti2013-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> used in the <a href="/wiki/Bengal_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengal region">Bengal region</a> of the South Asia. A revised version of the calendar is <a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladeshi calendar">the national and official calendar</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> and an earlier version of the calendar is followed in the <a href="/wiki/States_and_union_territories_of_India" title="States and union territories of India">Indian states</a> of <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tripura" title="Tripura">Tripura</a> and <a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a>. Unlike the traditional Indian Hindu calendar which starts with the month of <a href="/wiki/Chaitra" title="Chaitra">Choitro</a>, the Bengali calendar starts with <a href="/wiki/Boishakh" title="Boishakh">Boishakh</a> because of the reforms made during the reign of the Mughal Emperor <a href="/wiki/Akbar" title="Akbar">Akbar</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Bengal" class="mw-redirect" title="Mughal Bengal">Mughal Bengal</a>. The first day of the Bengali year is known as <a href="/wiki/Pohela_Boishakh" title="Pohela Boishakh">Pohela Boishakh</a> (1st of Boishakh) which is a public holiday in Bangladesh.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Bengali era is called <i>Bengali Sambat</i> (BS)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has a zero year that starts in 593/594 CE. It is 594 less than the <a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">AD</a> or <a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">CE</a> year in the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a> if it is before Pohela Boishakh, or 593 less if after Pohela Boishakh. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1092331828">@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .contains-special-characters{width:22em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right contains-special-characters noprint selfref"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Bengali" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Bengali_Conjunct_Kssya.svg/40px-Bengali_Conjunct_Kssya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Bengali_Conjunct_Kssya.svg/60px-Bengali_Conjunct_Kssya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Bengali_Conjunct_Kssya.svg/80px-Bengali_Conjunct_Kssya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b>This article contains <a href="/wiki/Bengali_alphabet" title="Bengali alphabet">Bengali text</a>.</b> Without proper <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bangla_script_display_help" title="Wikipedia:Bangla script display help">rendering support</a>, you may see <a href="/wiki/Specials_(Unicode_block)#Replacement_character" title="Specials (Unicode block)">question marks, boxes, or other symbols</a>.</div></div> </div> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_calendar&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Saka_Era" class="mw-redirect" title="Saka Era">Saka Era</a> was the widely used in <a href="/wiki/Bengal" title="Bengal">Bengal</a>, prior to the arrival of Muslim rule in the region, according to various epigraphical evidence.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Bikrami_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Bikrami calendar">Bikrami calendar</a> was in use by the Bengali people of the region. This calendar was named after king <a href="/wiki/Vikramaditya" title="Vikramaditya">Vikramaditya</a> with a zero date of 57 BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In rural Bengali communities, the Bengali calendar is credited to "Bikromaditto", like many other parts of India and <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>. However, unlike these regions where it starts in 57 BCE, the modern Bangladeshi and Bengali calendar starts from 593 CE suggesting that the starting reference year was adjusted at some point.<sup id="cite_ref-Klass1978p166_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Klass1978p166-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Nicholas2003p13_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nicholas2003p13-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Buddhist/Hindu_influence"><span id="Buddhist.2FHindu_influence"></span>Buddhist/Hindu influence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_calendar&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Buddhist/Hindu influence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some historians attribute the Bengali calendar to the 7th century Bengali king <a href="/wiki/Shashanka" title="Shashanka">Shashanka</a>, whose reign covered the Bengali era of 594 CE.<sup id="cite_ref-Chakrabarti114_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chakrabarti114-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-meghna_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-meghna-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Sengupta2011_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sengupta2011-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term <i>Bangabda</i> (Bangla year) is found too in two Shiva temples many centuries older than <a href="/wiki/Akbar" title="Akbar">Akbar</a> era, suggesting that a Bengali calendar existed long before Akbar's time.<sup id="cite_ref-Sengupta2011_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sengupta2011-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hindus developed a calendar system in ancient times.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKim_Plofker200910,_35–36,_67_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKim_Plofker200910,_35–36,_67-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Jyotisha</i>, one of the six ancient <a href="/wiki/Vedanga" title="Vedanga">Vedangas</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-monierwilliamsnijyotisa_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monierwilliamsnijyotisa-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jameslochtefeldsca326_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jameslochtefeldsca326-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was the Vedic era field of tracking and predicting the movements of astronomical bodies in order to keep time.<sup id="cite_ref-monierwilliamsnijyotisa_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monierwilliamsnijyotisa-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jameslochtefeldsca326_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jameslochtefeldsca326-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mullerhaslp210_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mullerhaslp210-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ancient Indian culture developed a sophisticated time keeping methodology and calendars for Vedic rituals.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKim_Plofker200910,_35–36,_67_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKim_Plofker200910,_35–36,_67-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Hindu Vikrami calendar is named after king Vikramaditya and starts in 57 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In rural Bengali communities of India, the Bengali calendar is credited to "Bikromaditto", like many other parts of India and Nepal. However, unlike these regions where it starts in 57 BC, the Bengali calendar starts from 593 suggesting that the starting reference year was adjusted at some point.<sup id="cite_ref-Klass1978p166_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Klass1978p166-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Nicholas2003p13_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nicholas2003p13-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Various dynasties whose territories extended into Bengal, prior to the early 13th-century, used the <a href="/wiki/Vikrami_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Vikrami calendar">Vikrami calendar</a>. For example, Buddhist texts and inscriptions created in the <a href="/wiki/Pala_Empire" title="Pala Empire">Pala Empire</a> era mention "Vikrama" and the months such as <a href="/wiki/Ashvin" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashvin">Ashvin</a>, a system found in Sanskrit texts elsewhere in ancient and medieval Indian subcontinent.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hindu scholars attempted to keep time by observing and calculating the cycles of the Sun (<a href="/wiki/Surya" title="Surya">Surya</a>), Moon, and the planets. These calculations about the Sun appear in various Sanskrit astronomical texts in <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a>, such as the 5th century <i>Aryabhatiya</i> by <a href="/wiki/Aryabhata" title="Aryabhata">Aryabhata</a>, the 6th century <i>Romaka</i> by Latadeva and <i>Panca Siddhantika</i> by Varahamihira, the 7th century <i>Khandakhadyaka</i> by Brahmagupta and the 8th century <i>Sisyadhivrddida</i> by Lalla.<sup id="cite_ref-Burgess1989vii_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burgess1989vii-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These texts present Surya and various planets and estimate the characteristics of the respective planetary motion.<sup id="cite_ref-Burgess1989vii_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burgess1989vii-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other texts such as <i>Surya Siddhanta</i> dated to have been complete sometime between the 5th century and 10th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Burgess1989vii_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burgess1989vii-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The current Bengali calendar in use by Bengali people in the Indian states such as <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tripura" title="Tripura">Tripura</a>, <a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jharkhand" title="Jharkhand">Jharkhand</a> is based on the Sanskrit text <i>Surya Siddhanta</i> and includes the modifications introduced during the reign of Shashanka, the first independent ruler of <a href="/wiki/Gauda_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Gauda Kingdom">Gauda</a>. The timeline Shashanka becoming the sovereign ruler of Bengal rising from a territorial ruler matches with the first year of <a href="/wiki/Bangabda" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangabda">Bangabda</a>. It retains the historic Sanskrit names of the months, with the first month as Baishakh.<sup id="cite_ref-Chakrabarti114_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chakrabarti114-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their calendar remains tied to the Hindu calendar system and is used to set the various Bengali Hindu festivals.<sup id="cite_ref-Chakrabarti114_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chakrabarti114-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Influence_of_Islamic_Calendar">Influence of Islamic Calendar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_calendar&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Influence of Islamic Calendar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Another theory is that the calendar was first developed by <a href="/wiki/Alauddin_Husain_Shah" title="Alauddin Husain Shah">Alauddin Husain Shah</a> (reign 1494–1519), a <a href="/wiki/Hussain_Shahi_dynasty" title="Hussain Shahi dynasty">Hussain Shahi</a> sultan of Bengal by combining the lunar <a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a> (Hijri) with the solar calendar, prevalent in Bengal.<sup id="cite_ref-Sengupta2011_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sengupta2011-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yet another theory states that the Sasanka calendar was adopted by Alauddin Husain Shah when he witnessed the difficulty with collecting land revenue by the Hijri calendar.<sup id="cite_ref-Sengupta2011_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sengupta2011-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal</a> rule, land taxes were collected from Bengali people according to the Islamic Hijri calendar. This calendar was a lunar calendar, and its new year did not coincide with the solar agricultural cycles. The current Bengali calendar owes its origin in Bengal to the rule of Mughal Emperor Akbar who adopted it to time the tax year to the harvest. The Bangla year was therewith called <i>Bangabda</i>. Akbar asked the royal astronomer <a href="/wiki/Fathullah_Shirazi" title="Fathullah Shirazi">Fathullah Shirazi</a> to create a new calendar by combining the lunar <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic Calendar">Islamic calendar</a> and solar <a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendar</a> already in use, and this was known as <i>Fasholi shan</i> (harvest calendar). According to some historians, this started the Bengali calendar.<sup id="cite_ref-Chakrabarti114_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chakrabarti114-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Shamsuzzaman Khan, it could be Nawab <a href="/wiki/Murshid_Quli_Khan" title="Murshid Quli Khan">Murshid Quli Khan</a>, a Mughal governor, who first used the tradition of <i>Punyaho</i> as "a day for ceremonial land tax collection", and used Akbar's fiscal policy to start the Bangla calendar.<sup id="cite_ref-meghna_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-meghna-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is unclear whether it was adopted by Hussain Shah or Akbar. The tradition to use the Bengali calendar may have been started by Hussain Shah before Akbar.<sup id="cite_ref-Sengupta2011_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sengupta2011-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Amartya_Sen" title="Amartya Sen">Amartya Sen</a>, Akbar's official calendar "Tarikh-ilahi" with the zero year of 1556 was a blend of pre-existing Hindu and Islamic calendars. It was not used much in India outside of Akbar's Mughal court, and after his death the calendar he launched was abandoned. However, adds Sen, there are traces of the "Tarikh-ilahi" that survive in the Bengali calendar.<sup id="cite_ref-amartyasen_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amartyasen-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Regardless of who adopted the Bengali calendar and the new year, states Sen, it helped collect land taxes after the spring harvest based on traditional Bengali calendar, because the Islamic <a href="/wiki/Lunar_Hijri_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Lunar Hijri calendar">Hijri</a> calendar created administrative difficulties in setting the collection date.<sup id="cite_ref-Sengupta2011_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sengupta2011-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The government and newspapers of Bangladesh widely use the term Bangla shal (B.S.). For example, the last paragraph in the <a href="/wiki/Preamble" title="Preamble">preamble</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Bangladesh" title="Constitution of Bangladesh">Constitution of Bangladesh</a> reads "In our Constituent Assembly, this eighteenth day of Kartick, 1379 B.S., corresponding to the fourth day of November, 1972 A.D., do hereby adopt, enact and give to ourselves this Constitution."<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The zero year in the Bangladeshi calendar era is 593 CE.<sup id="cite_ref-amartyasen_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amartyasen-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Klass1978p166_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Klass1978p166-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Nicholas2003p13_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nicholas2003p13-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Shamsuzzaman_Khan" title="Shamsuzzaman Khan">Shamsuzzaman Khan</a> wrote, "that it is called Bangla san or saal, which are Arabic and Parsee words respectively, suggests that it was introduced by a Muslim king or sultan."<sup id="cite_ref-meghna_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-meghna-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In contrast, according to Sen, its traditional name is <i>Bangabda</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Sengupta2011_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sengupta2011-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the era of the Akbar, the calendar was called as <i><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_calendar#Akbar's_influence" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladeshi calendar">Tarikh-e-Elahi</a></i> (<span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">তারিখ-ই ইলাহি</span></span>). In the "Tarikh-e-Elahi" version of the calendar, each day of the month had a separate name, and the months had different names from what they have now. According to Banglapedia, Akbar's grandson <a href="/wiki/Shah_Jahan" title="Shah Jahan">Shah Jahan</a> reformed the calendar to use a seven-day week that begins on Sunday, and the names of the months were changed at an unknown time to match the month names of the existing <a href="/wiki/Saka_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Saka calendar">Saka calendar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Banglapedia_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Banglapedia-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This calendar is the foundation of the calendar that has been in use by the people of <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ChakrabartiChakrabarti2013_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ChakrabartiChakrabarti2013-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Banglapedia_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Banglapedia-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Sengupta2011_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sengupta2011-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Calendar_structure">Calendar structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_calendar&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Calendar structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Bengali calendar used in <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Solar_calendar" title="Solar calendar">solar calendar</a><sup id="cite_ref-ChakrabartiChakrabarti2013_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ChakrabartiChakrabarti2013-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Banglapedia_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Banglapedia-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the one used in India is a <a href="/wiki/Lunisolar_calendar" title="Lunisolar calendar">lunisolar calendar</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Months">Months</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_calendar&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Months"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Month name<br />(<a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a>) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Bengali" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Bengali">Romanization</a> </th> <th style="background: #d5fdd5;">Days<br />(<a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>, 1966/1987<b>–2018</b>) </th> <th>Days<br />(<a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>, 2019<b>–</b>) </th> <th>Start date (<a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>, 2019<b>–</b>) </th> <th style="background: #ffdb99;">Days<br />(India) (Exact Period in Days)<br /><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Weirdly accurate with no ref. Looking for rāśi lengths (sauramāsa) may produce a ref. (November 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </th> <th>Traditional Season<br />in <a href="/wiki/Bengal" title="Bengal">Bengal</a> </th> <th style="background: #ccccff;">Month name<br />(<a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a>) </th> <th style="background: #ffdb99;">Month name<br />(<a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Hindu Vikrami</a> solar) </th></tr> <tr> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">বৈশাখ</span></span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Boishakh" title="Boishakh">Boishakh</a></i> </td> <td>31 </td> <td>31 </td> <td>14 April </td> <td>30/31 (30.950) </td> <td rowspan="2"><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">গ্রীষ্ম</span></span> (<i>Grishshô</i>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Summer" title="Summer">Summer</a> </td> <td>April–May </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mesha_(month)" title="Mesha (month)">Mesha</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">জ্যৈষ্ঠ</span></span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Joishtho" title="Joishtho">Jyoishţho</a></i> </td> <td>31 </td> <td>31 </td> <td>15 May </td> <td>31/32 (31.429) </td> <td>May–June </td> <td><a href="/wiki/V%E1%B9%9B%E1%B9%A3abha" title="Vṛṣabha">Vrshaba</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">আষাঢ়</span></span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Asharh" title="Asharh">Ashaŗh</a></i> </td> <td>31 </td> <td>31 </td> <td>15 June </td> <td>31/32 (31.638) </td> <td rowspan="2"><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">বর্ষা</span></span> (<i>Bôrsha</i>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Wet_season" title="Wet season">Wet season</a>/<a href="/wiki/Monsoon" title="Monsoon">Monsoon</a> </td> <td>June–July </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mithuna_(month)" title="Mithuna (month)">Mithuna</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">শ্রাবণ</span></span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Srabon" title="Srabon">Shrabon</a></i> </td> <td>31 </td> <td>31 </td> <td>16 July </td> <td>31/32 (31.463) </td> <td>July–August </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karka%E1%B9%ADa" title="Karkaṭa">Karkataka</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ভাদ্র</span></span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Bhadro" title="Bhadro">Bhadro</a></i> </td> <td>31 </td> <td>31 </td> <td>16 August </td> <td>31/32 (31.012) </td> <td rowspan="2"><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">শরৎ</span></span> (<i>Shôrôd</i>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Autumn" title="Autumn">Autumn</a> </td> <td>August–September </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Si%E1%B9%83ha" title="Siṃha">Simha</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">আশ্বিন</span></span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Ashvin" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashvin">Ashshin</a></i> </td> <td>30 </td> <td><b>31</b> </td> <td>16 September </td> <td>30/31 (30.428) </td> <td>September–October </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kany%C4%81" title="Kanyā">Kanya</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">কার্তিক</span></span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Kartik_(month)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kartik (month)">Kartik</a></i> </td> <td>30 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>17 October </td> <td>29/30 (29.879) </td> <td rowspan="2"><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">হেমন্ত</span></span> (<i>Hemonto</i>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Dry_season" title="Dry season">Dry season</a> </td> <td>October–November </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tul%C4%81" title="Tulā">Tula</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">অগ্রহায়ণ</span></span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Ogrohayon" title="Ogrohayon">Ôgrohayon</a></i> </td> <td>30 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>16 November </td> <td>29/30<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (29.475) </td> <td>November–December </td> <td><a href="/wiki/V%E1%B9%9B%C5%9Bcika" title="Vṛścika">Vrschika</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">পৌষ</span></span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Poush" title="Poush">Poush</a></i> </td> <td>30 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>16 December </td> <td>29/30 (29.310) </td> <td rowspan="2"><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">শীত</span></span> (<i>Sheet</i>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Winter" title="Winter">Winter</a> </td> <td>December–January </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dhanu_(month)" title="Dhanu (month)">Dhanu</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">মাঘ</span></span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Magh_(Bengali_calendar)" title="Magh (Bengali calendar)">Magh</a></i> </td> <td>30 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>16 January </td> <td>29/30 (29.457) </td> <td>January–February </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Makara_(month)" title="Makara (month)">Makara</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ফাল্গুন</span></span>/ ফাগুন </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Falgun" title="Falgun">Falgun</a>/ Fagun</i> </td> <td>30 / 31 (leap year) </td> <td><b>29 / 30 (leap year)</b> </td> <td>14 February </td> <td>29/30 (29.841) </td> <td rowspan="2"><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">বসন্ত</span></span> (<i>Bôsôntô</i>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Spring_(season)" title="Spring (season)">Spring</a> </td> <td>February–March </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kumbha_(month)" title="Kumbha (month)">Kumbha</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">চৈত্র</span></span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Choitro" title="Choitro">Choitro</a></i> </td> <td>30 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>15 March </td> <td>30/31 (30.377) </td> <td>March–April </td> <td><a href="/wiki/M%C4%ABna" title="Mīna">Meena</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Days">Days</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_calendar&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Days"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Bengali Calendar incorporates the seven-day <a href="/wiki/Week" title="Week">week</a> as used by many other calendars. The names of the days of the week in the Bengali Calendar are based on the <a href="/wiki/Navagraha" title="Navagraha">Navagraha</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a>: <span lang="bn">নবগ্রহ</span> <i>nôbôgrôhô</i>). The day begins and ends at sunrise in the Bengali calendar, unlike in the Gregorian calendar, where the day starts at midnight. </p><p>According to some scholars, in the calendar originally introduced by Akbar in the year 1584 <a href="/wiki/AD" class="mw-redirect" title="AD">AD</a>, each day of the month had a different name, but this was cumbersome, and his grandson <a href="/wiki/Shah_Jahan" title="Shah Jahan">Shah Jahan</a> changed this to a 7-day week as in the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a>, with the week also starting on a Sunday.<sup id="cite_ref-Banglapedia_26-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Banglapedia-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="width:30%;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Day name (<a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a>) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Bengali" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Bengali">Romanization</a> </th> <th>Divine figure/celestial body </th> <th>Day name (English) </th> <th>Day name (<a href="/wiki/Sylheti_language" title="Sylheti language">Sylheti</a>) </th> <th>Day name (<a href="/wiki/Rohingya_language" title="Rohingya language">Rohingya</a>) </th></tr> <tr> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">রবিবার</span></span>/ রোববার </td> <td><i>Rôbibar/ Robbar</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Surya" title="Surya">Robi</a>/<a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sunday" title="Sunday">Sunday</a> </td> <td>Roibbár </td> <td>Rooibar </td></tr> <tr> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">সোমবার</span></span> </td> <td><i>Shombar</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Soma_(deity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Soma (deity)">Som</a>/<a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Monday" title="Monday">Monday</a> </td> <td>Shombár </td> <td>Cómbar </td></tr> <tr> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">মঙ্গলবার</span></span> </td> <td><i>Mônggôlbar</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mangala" title="Mangala">Mongol</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tuesday" title="Tuesday">Tuesday</a> </td> <td>Mongolbár </td> <td>Mongolbar </td></tr> <tr> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">বুধবার</span></span> </td> <td><i>Budhbar</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Budha" title="Budha">Budh</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" title="Mercury (planet)">Mercury</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wednesday" title="Wednesday">Wednesday</a> </td> <td>Budbár </td> <td>Buidbar </td></tr> <tr> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">বৃহস্পতিবার</span></span> </td> <td><i>Brihôspôtibar</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brihaspati" title="Brihaspati">Brihospoti</a>/<a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thursday" title="Thursday">Thursday</a> </td> <td>Bishudbár </td> <td>Bicíbbar </td></tr> <tr> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">শুক্রবার</span></span> </td> <td><i>Shukrôbar</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shukra" title="Shukra">Shukro</a>/<a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Friday" title="Friday">Friday</a> </td> <td>Shukkurbár </td> <td>Cúkkurbar </td></tr> <tr> <td><span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">শনিবার</span></span> </td> <td><i>Shônibar</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shani" title="Shani">Shoni</a>/<a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saturday" title="Saturday">Saturday</a> </td> <td>Shonibár </td> <td>Cónibar </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Traditional_and_revised_versions">Traditional and revised versions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_calendar&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Traditional and revised versions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bengali_month_Ashar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Bengali_month_Ashar.jpg/220px-Bengali_month_Ashar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Bengali_month_Ashar.jpg/330px-Bengali_month_Ashar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Bengali_month_Ashar.jpg/440px-Bengali_month_Ashar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="771" data-file-height="907" /></a><figcaption>Two versions of the Bengali calendar. Top: the "Traditional version" followed in <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>; Below: the "Revised version" followed in <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The current Bengali calendar in the Indian states is based on the Sanskrit text <i>Surya Siddhanta</i>. It retains the historic Sanskrit names of the months, with the first month as Baishakh.<sup id="cite_ref-Chakrabarti114_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chakrabarti114-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their calendar remains tied to the <a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendar</a> system and is used to set the various Bengali Hindu festivals.<sup id="cite_ref-Chakrabarti114_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chakrabarti114-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Bangladesh, however, the old Bengali calendar was modified in 1966 by a committee headed by <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Shahidullah" title="Muhammad Shahidullah">Muhammad Shahidullah</a>, making the first five months 31 days long, the rest 30 days each, with the month of Falgun adjusted to 31 days in every leap year.<sup id="cite_ref-Chakrabarti114_10-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chakrabarti114-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was officially adopted by Bangladesh in 1987.<sup id="cite_ref-Chakrabarti114_10-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chakrabarti114-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Banglapedia_26-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Banglapedia-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Festivals">Festivals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_calendar&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Festivals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following lists major festivals on the Bangladeshi calendar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pohela_Boishakh">Pohela Boishakh</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_calendar&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Pohela Boishakh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Pohela_Boishakh" title="Pohela Boishakh">Pohela Boishakh</a></div> <p>The first day of the month of <a href="/wiki/Boishakh" title="Boishakh">Boishakh</a> ushers the Bengali New Year and is known as <a href="/wiki/Pohela_Boishakh" title="Pohela Boishakh">Pohela Boishakh</a>. The festival is similar to <a href="/wiki/New_Year%27s_Day" title="New Year's Day">New Year's Day</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nowruz" title="Nowruz">Nowruz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Songkran" class="mw-redirect" title="Songkran">Songkran</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Dhaka" title="Dhaka">Dhaka</a>, the cultural organization <a href="/wiki/Chhayanaut" title="Chhayanaut">Chhayanaut</a> hosts a notable concert in <a href="/wiki/Ramna_Park" title="Ramna Park">Ramna Park</a>, starting at dawn on 14 April. The <a href="/wiki/Mangal_Shobhajatra" title="Mangal Shobhajatra">Mangal Shobhajatra</a> parades are brought out in many Bangladeshi cities during the festival and is regarded by <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> as an <a href="/wiki/Intangible_cultural_heritage" title="Intangible cultural heritage">intangible cultural heritage</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The Bengali New Year's Day is a <a href="/wiki/Public_holiday" title="Public holiday">national holiday</a> in Bangladesh and <a href="/wiki/Indian_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian state">Indian state</a> of <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>, observed on 14 and 15 April on each region, respectively.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Haal_Khata">Haal Khata</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_calendar&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Haal Khata"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Haal_Khata" title="Haal Khata">Haal Khata</a></div> <p>Traders start a new <a href="/wiki/Haal_Khata" title="Haal Khata">Haal Khata</a> book on Pohela Boishakh to keep financial records and settle debts.<sup id="cite_ref-ds14Apr2014_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ds14Apr2014-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Boishakhi_Mela">Boishakhi Mela</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_calendar&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Boishakhi Mela"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Boishakhi_Mela" title="Boishakhi Mela">Boishakhi Mela</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Boishakhi_Mela" title="Boishakhi Mela">Boishakhi Mela</a> are fairs organized on Pohela Boishakh.<sup id="cite_ref-ds14Apr2014_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ds14Apr2014-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spring_festival">Spring festival</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_calendar&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Spring festival"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Pohela_Falgun" title="Pohela Falgun">Pohela Falgun</a> and <a href="/wiki/Basanta_Utsab" class="mw-redirect" title="Basanta Utsab">Basanta Utsab</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Pohela_Falgun" title="Pohela Falgun">Pohela Falgun</a> and <a href="/wiki/Basanta_Utsab" class="mw-redirect" title="Basanta Utsab">Basanta Utsab</a> is the first day of spring in the Bengali calendar celebrated in Bangladesh and India, respectively.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Boli_Khela">Boli Khela</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_calendar&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Boli Khela"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Boli_khela" class="mw-redirect" title="Boli khela">Boli khela</a></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Chittagong" title="Chittagong">Chittagong</a> region of Bangladesh, the <a href="/wiki/Boli_khela" class="mw-redirect" title="Boli khela">Boli khela</a> wrestling matches are organized during the month of Boishakh.<sup id="cite_ref-ds14Apr2014_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ds14Apr2014-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cattle_racing">Cattle racing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_calendar&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Cattle racing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cattle races are a popular activity in <a href="/wiki/Manikganj" title="Manikganj">Manikganj</a> and <a href="/wiki/Munshiganj" title="Munshiganj">Munshiganj</a> districts of Bangladesh during Boishakh.<sup id="cite_ref-ds14Apr2014_29-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ds14Apr2014-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_calendar&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mallabda" class="mw-redirect" title="Mallabda">Malla calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_national_calendar" title="Indian national calendar">Indian national calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_calendar" title="Roman calendar">Roman calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_calendar" title="Japanese calendar">Japanese Calendar</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_calendar&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Sengupta2011-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sengupta2011_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sengupta2011_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sengupta2011_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sengupta2011_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sengupta2011_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sengupta2011_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sengupta2011_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sengupta2011_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sengupta2011_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFNitish_K._Sengupta2011" class="citation book cs1">Nitish K. Sengupta (2011). <i>Land of Two Rivers: A History of Bengal from the Mahabharata to Mujib</i>. Penguin Books India. pp. <span class="nowrap">96–</span>98. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-341678-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-341678-4"><bdi>978-0-14-341678-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Land+of+Two+Rivers%3A+A+History+of+Bengal+from+the+Mahabharata+to+Mujib&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E96-%3C%2Fspan%3E98&rft.pub=Penguin+Books+India&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-14-341678-4&rft.au=Nitish+K.+Sengupta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ChakrabartiChakrabarti2013-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ChakrabartiChakrabarti2013_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ChakrabartiChakrabarti2013_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ChakrabartiChakrabarti2013_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKunal_ChakrabartiShubhra_Chakrabarti2013" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Kunal Chakrabarti; Shubhra Chakrabarti (2013). "Calendar". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QVOFAAAAQBAJ"><i>Historical Dictionary of the Bengalis</i></a>. Scarecrow Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">114–</span>5. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-8024-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-8024-5"><bdi>978-0-8108-8024-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Calendar&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+the+Bengalis&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E114-%3C%2Fspan%3E5&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-8108-8024-5&rft.au=Kunal+Chakrabarti&rft.au=Shubhra+Chakrabarti&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQVOFAAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRaidah2024" class="citation news cs1">Raidah, Nazifa (14 April 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/views/news/the-mystery-pahela-baishakh-and-the-bengali-calendar-3586941">"The mystery of Pahela Baishakh and the Bengali calendar"</a>. <i>The Daily Star</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=The+mystery+of+Pahela+Baishakh+and+the+Bengali+calendar&rft.date=2024-04-14&rft.aulast=Raidah&rft.aufirst=Nazifa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fopinion%2Fviews%2Fnews%2Fthe-mystery-pahela-baishakh-and-the-bengali-calendar-3586941&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRatan_Kumar_Das1996" class="citation book cs1">Ratan Kumar Das (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mcDgAAAAMAAJ"><i>IASLIC Bulletin</i></a>. Indian Association of Special Libraries & Information Centres. p. 76.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=IASLIC+Bulletin&rft.pages=76&rft.pub=Indian+Association+of+Special+Libraries+%26+Information+Centres&rft.date=1996&rft.au=Ratan+Kumar+Das&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmcDgAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichard_Salomon1998" class="citation book cs1">Richard Salomon (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=t-4RDAAAQBAJ"><i>Indian Epigraphy: A Guide to the Study of Inscriptions in Sanskrit, Prakrit, and the Other Indo-Aryan Languages</i></a>. Oxford University Press. pp. 148, <span class="nowrap">246–</span>247, 346. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-509984-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-509984-3"><bdi>978-0-19-509984-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+Epigraphy%3A+A+Guide+to+the+Study+of+Inscriptions+in+Sanskrit%2C+Prakrit%2C+and+the+Other+Indo-Aryan+Languages&rft.pages=148%2C+%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E246-%3C%2Fspan%3E247%2C+346&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-19-509984-3&rft.au=Richard+Salomon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dt-4RDAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFD._C._Sircar1996" class="citation book cs1">D. C. Sircar (1996) [First published 1965]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hXMB3649biQC"><i>Indian Epigraphy</i></a>. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 241, <span class="nowrap">272–</span>273. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-1166-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-208-1166-9"><bdi>978-81-208-1166-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+Epigraphy&rft.pages=241%2C+%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E272-%3C%2Fspan%3E273&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-81-208-1166-9&rft.au=D.+C.+Sircar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhXMB3649biQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEleanor_Nesbitt2016" class="citation book cs1">Eleanor Nesbitt (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XebnCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA122"><i>Sikhism: a Very Short Introduction</i></a>. Oxford University Press. pp. 122, 142. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-874557-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-874557-0"><bdi>978-0-19-874557-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sikhism%3A+a+Very+Short+Introduction&rft.pages=122%2C+142&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-0-19-874557-0&rft.au=Eleanor+Nesbitt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXebnCwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA122&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Klass1978p166-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Klass1978p166_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Klass1978p166_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Klass1978p166_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorton_Klass1978" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Morton_Klass" title="Morton Klass">Morton Klass</a> (1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XAZ2JBQ2vwsC&pg=PA166"><i>From Field to Factory: Community Structure and Industrialization in West Bengal</i></a>. University Press of America. pp. <span class="nowrap">166–</span>167. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7618-0420-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7618-0420-8"><bdi>978-0-7618-0420-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230415073743/https://books.google.com/books?id=XAZ2JBQ2vwsC&pg=PA166">Archived</a> from the original on 15 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Field+to+Factory%3A+Community+Structure+and+Industrialization+in+West+Bengal&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E166-%3C%2Fspan%3E167&rft.pub=University+Press+of+America&rft.date=1978&rft.isbn=978-0-7618-0420-8&rft.au=Morton+Klass&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXAZ2JBQ2vwsC%26pg%3DPA166&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nicholas2003p13-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nicholas2003p13_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nicholas2003p13_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nicholas2003p13_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRalph_W._Nicholas2003" class="citation book cs1">Ralph W. Nicholas (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yLI7nyI2UVYC&pg=PA13"><i>Fruits of Worship: Practical Religion in Bengal</i></a>. Orient Blackswan. pp. <span class="nowrap">13–</span>23. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-8028-006-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-8028-006-1"><bdi>978-81-8028-006-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230415073750/https://books.google.com/books?id=yLI7nyI2UVYC&pg=PA13">Archived</a> from the original on 15 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fruits+of+Worship%3A+Practical+Religion+in+Bengal&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E13-%3C%2Fspan%3E23&rft.pub=Orient+Blackswan&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-81-8028-006-1&rft.au=Ralph+W.+Nicholas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyLI7nyI2UVYC%26pg%3DPA13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chakrabarti114-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chakrabarti114_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chakrabarti114_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chakrabarti114_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chakrabarti114_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chakrabarti114_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chakrabarti114_10-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chakrabarti114_10-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chakrabarti114_10-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKunal_ChakrabartiShubhra_Chakrabarti2013" class="citation book cs1">Kunal Chakrabarti; Shubhra Chakrabarti (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QVOFAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA114"><i>Historical Dictionary of the Bengalis</i></a>. Scarecrow. pp. <span class="nowrap">114–</span>115. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-8024-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-8024-5"><bdi>978-0-8108-8024-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230415073820/https://books.google.com/books?id=QVOFAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA114">Archived</a> from the original on 15 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+the+Bengalis&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E114-%3C%2Fspan%3E115&rft.pub=Scarecrow&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-8108-8024-5&rft.au=Kunal+Chakrabarti&rft.au=Shubhra+Chakrabarti&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQVOFAAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA114&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-meghna-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-meghna_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-meghna_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-meghna_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuhathakurtaSchendel2013" class="citation book cs1">Guhathakurta, Meghna; Schendel, Willem van (2013). <i>The Bangladesh Reader: History, Culture, Politics</i>. Duke University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">17–</span>18. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780822353188" title="Special:BookSources/9780822353188"><bdi>9780822353188</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bangladesh+Reader%3A+History%2C+Culture%2C+Politics&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E17-%3C%2Fspan%3E18&rft.pub=Duke+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9780822353188&rft.aulast=Guhathakurta&rft.aufirst=Meghna&rft.au=Schendel%2C+Willem+van&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKim_Plofker200910,_35–36,_67-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKim_Plofker200910,_35–36,_67_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKim_Plofker200910,_35–36,_67_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKim_Plofker2009">Kim Plofker 2009</a>, pp. 10, 35–36, 67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-monierwilliamsnijyotisa-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-monierwilliamsnijyotisa_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monierwilliamsnijyotisa_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMonier_Monier-Williams1923" class="citation book cs1">Monier Monier-Williams (1923). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_3NWAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA353"><i>A Sanskrit–English Dictionary</i></a>. Oxford University Press. p. 353. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307164257/https://books.google.com/books?id=_3NWAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA353">Archived</a> from the original on 7 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Sanskrit%E2%80%93English+Dictionary&rft.pages=353&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1923&rft.au=Monier+Monier-Williams&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_3NWAAAAcAAJ%26pg%3DPA353&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jameslochtefeldsca326-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jameslochtefeldsca326_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jameslochtefeldsca326_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">James Lochtefeld (2002), "Jyotisha" in The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Vol. 1: A–M, Rosen Publishing, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8239-2287-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-8239-2287-1">0-8239-2287-1</a>, pages 326–327</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mullerhaslp210-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mullerhaslp210_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFriedrich_Max_Müller1860" class="citation book cs1">Friedrich Max Müller (1860). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofancient00mlle"><i>A History of Ancient Sanskrit Literature</i></a>. Williams and Norgate. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofancient00mlle/page/210">210</a>–215.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Ancient+Sanskrit+Literature&rft.pages=210-215&rft.pub=Williams+and+Norgate&rft.date=1860&rft.au=Friedrich+Max+M%C3%BCller&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofancient00mlle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEleanor_Nesbitt2016" class="citation book cs1">Eleanor Nesbitt (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XebnCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA122"><i>Sikhism: a Very Short Introduction</i></a>. Oxford University Press. pp. 122, 142. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-874557-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-874557-0"><bdi>978-0-19-874557-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230415073742/https://books.google.com/books?id=XebnCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA122">Archived</a> from the original on 15 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sikhism%3A+a+Very+Short+Introduction&rft.pages=122%2C+142&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-0-19-874557-0&rft.au=Eleanor+Nesbitt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXebnCwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA122&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFD._C._Sircar1965" class="citation book cs1">D. C. Sircar (1965). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hXMB3649biQC"><i>Indian Epigraphy</i></a>. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 241, <span class="nowrap">272–</span>273. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-1166-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-208-1166-9"><bdi>978-81-208-1166-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230415073744/https://books.google.com/books?id=hXMB3649biQC">Archived</a> from the original on 15 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+Epigraphy&rft.pages=241%2C+%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E272-%3C%2Fspan%3E273&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=1965&rft.isbn=978-81-208-1166-9&rft.au=D.+C.+Sircar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhXMB3649biQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichard_Salomon1998" class="citation book cs1">Richard Salomon (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=t-4RDAAAQBAJ"><i>Indian Epigraphy: A Guide to the Study of Inscriptions in Sanskrit, Prakrit, and the Other Indo-Aryan Languages</i></a>. Oxford University Press. pp. 148, <span class="nowrap">246–</span>247, 346. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-509984-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-509984-3"><bdi>978-0-19-509984-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230415073744/https://books.google.com/books?id=t-4RDAAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 15 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+Epigraphy%3A+A+Guide+to+the+Study+of+Inscriptions+in+Sanskrit%2C+Prakrit%2C+and+the+Other+Indo-Aryan+Languages&rft.pages=148%2C+%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E246-%3C%2Fspan%3E247%2C+346&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-19-509984-3&rft.au=Richard+Salomon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dt-4RDAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Burgess1989vii-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Burgess1989vii_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Burgess1989vii_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Burgess1989vii_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEbenezer_Burgess1989" class="citation book cs1">Ebenezer Burgess (1989). P Ganguly, P Sengupta (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=W0Uo_-_iizwC"><i>Sûrya-Siddhânta: A Text-book of Hindu Astronomy</i></a>. Motilal Banarsidass (Reprint), Original: Yale University Press, American Oriental Society. pp. <span class="nowrap">vii–</span>xi. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0612-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0612-2"><bdi>978-81-208-0612-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230415073744/https://books.google.com/books?id=W0Uo_-_iizwC">Archived</a> from the original on 15 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=S%C3%BBrya-Siddh%C3%A2nta%3A+A+Text-book+of+Hindu+Astronomy&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3Evii-%3C%2Fspan%3Exi&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass+%28Reprint%29%2C+Original%3A+Yale+University+Press%2C+American+Oriental+Society&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-81-208-0612-2&rft.au=Ebenezer+Burgess&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DW0Uo_-_iizwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Pahela_Baishakh">"Pahela Baishakh"</a>. <i>Banglapedia</i>. Dhaka, Bangladesh: Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190907065950/http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Pahela_Baishakh">Archived</a> from the original on 7 September 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Pahela+Baishakh&rft.btitle=Banglapedia&rft.place=Dhaka%2C+Bangladesh&rft.pub=Asiatic+Society+of+Bangladesh&rft.date=2015&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.banglapedia.org%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DPahela_Baishakh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/4739604/google-doodle-pohela-boishakh-bangladesh/">"Google Doodle Celebrates Pohela Boishakh in Bangladesh"</a>. <i>Time</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170416221721/http://time.com/4739604/google-doodle-pohela-boishakh-bangladesh/">Archived</a> from the original on 16 April 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Google+Doodle+Celebrates+Pohela+Boishakh+in+Bangladesh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2F4739604%2Fgoogle-doodle-pohela-boishakh-bangladesh%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-amartyasen-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-amartyasen_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-amartyasen_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmartya_Sen2005" class="citation book cs1">Amartya Sen (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6bKvAAAAQBAJ"><i>The Argumentative Indian: Writings on Indian History, Culture and Identity</i></a>. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. pp. <span class="nowrap">319–</span>322. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-374-10583-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-374-10583-9"><bdi>978-0-374-10583-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Argumentative+Indian%3A+Writings+on+Indian+History%2C+Culture+and+Identity&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E319-%3C%2Fspan%3E322&rft.pub=Farrar%2C+Straus+and+Giroux&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-374-10583-9&rft.au=Amartya+Sen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6bKvAAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/pdf_part.php?id=367">"Constitution of the People's Republic of Bangladesh"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Constitution+of+the+People%27s+Republic+of+Bangladesh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd%2Fpdf_part.php%3Fid%3D367&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJonathan_Porter_Berkey2003" class="citation book cs1">Jonathan Porter Berkey (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mLV6lo4mvj0C&pg=PA61"><i>The Formation of Islam: Religion and Society in the Near East, 600-1800</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 61. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-58813-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-58813-3"><bdi>978-0-521-58813-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Formation+of+Islam%3A+Religion+and+Society+in+the+Near+East%2C+600-1800&rft.pages=61&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-521-58813-3&rft.au=Jonathan+Porter+Berkey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmLV6lo4mvj0C%26pg%3DPA61&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Syed Ashraf Ali, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Bangabda">Bangabda</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180105070149/http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Bangabda">Archived</a> 5 January 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Banglapedia-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Banglapedia_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Banglapedia_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Banglapedia_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Banglapedia_26-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Banglapedia_26-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSyed_Ashraf_Ali2012" class="citation book cs1">Syed Ashraf Ali (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Bangabda">"Bangabda"</a>. In Sirajul Islam; Ahmed A. Jamal (eds.). <i>Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh</i> (2nd ed.). <a href="/wiki/Asiatic_Society_of_Bangladesh" title="Asiatic Society of Bangladesh">Asiatic Society of Bangladesh</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180105070149/http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Bangabda">Archived</a> from the original on 5 January 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Bangabda&rft.btitle=Banglapedia%3A+National+Encyclopedia+of+Bangladesh&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Asiatic+Society+of+Bangladesh&rft.date=2012&rft.au=Syed+Ashraf+Ali&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.banglapedia.org%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DBangabda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usingha.com/sal/1136.html"><bdi lang="bn">পঞ্জিকা ১১৩৬ বঙ্গাব্দ</bdi></a>. <i>usingha.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220610112327/http://www.usingha.com/sal/1136.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=usingha.com&rft.atitle=%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE+%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%A9%E0%A7%AC+%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usingha.com%2Fsal%2F1136.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usingha.com/sal/1137.html"><bdi lang="bn">পঞ্জিকা ১১৩৭ বঙ্গাব্দ</bdi></a>. <i>usingha.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220419104458/http://www.usingha.com/sal/1137.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=usingha.com&rft.atitle=%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE+%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%A9%E0%A7%AD+%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usingha.com%2Fsal%2F1137.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ds14Apr2014-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ds14Apr2014_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ds14Apr2014_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ds14Apr2014_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ds14Apr2014_29-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShamsuzzaman_Khan2014" class="citation news cs1">Shamsuzzaman Khan (14 April 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thedailystar.net/emergence-of-bengali-new-year-and-calendar-20078">"Emergence of Bengali New Year and Calendar"</a>. <i>The Daily Star</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=Emergence+of+Bengali+New+Year+and+Calendar&rft.date=2014-04-14&rft.au=Shamsuzzaman+Khan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Femergence-of-bengali-new-year-and-calendar-20078&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_calendar&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKim_Plofker2009" class="citation book cs1">Kim Plofker (2009). <a href="/wiki/Mathematics_in_India_(book)" title="Mathematics in India (book)"><i>Mathematics in India</i></a>. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-12067-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-12067-6"><bdi>978-0-691-12067-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mathematics+in+India&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-691-12067-6&rft.au=Kim+Plofker&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_calendar&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.banglacalender.com/">বাংলা ক্যালেন্ডার ও পঞ্জিকা</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ramadancalendarz.com/">রমজান ক্যালেন্ডার</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bengalicalendar.com/">Official Bengali Calendar</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ajkertarikh.com/bengali-date-today/">Bengali Date Today ( With Calendar)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://banglacalendar.online/bangla-calendar/">বঙ্গাব্দ বাংলা ক্যালেন্ডার ১৪৩১</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.bengalicalendar">Bengali calendar or বাংলা ক্যালেন্ডার with daily Ponjika</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.india.bengalicalendar">Bengali calendar or বাংলা ক্যালেন্ডার with daily Ponjika</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080705031023/http://www.virtualbangladesh.com/bangla_year.html">Bangla Calendar: The Origin of Bangla new year and celebrating Pahela Baishakh</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ponjika.com">Bangla Panjikas</a> according to Surya Siddhanta</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bangla.plus/bangladate/">Bangla Date Converter</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bangla.plus/banglacalendar-1425/">Official Bangla Calendar of Bangladesh for 1425</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Months_of_the_Bengali_calendars" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bengali_calendar" title="Template:Bengali calendar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bengali_calendar" title="Template talk:Bengali calendar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bengali_calendar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bengali calendar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Months_of_the_Bengali_calendars" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Months of the <a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendars" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali calendars">Bengali calendars</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1. <a href="/wiki/Boishakh" title="Boishakh">Bôishakh</a> (<span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">বৈশাখ</span></span>)</li> <li>2. <a href="/wiki/Joishtho" title="Joishtho">Jyôishţhô</a> (<span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">জ্যৈষ্ঠ</span></span>)</li> <li>3. <a href="/wiki/Asharh" title="Asharh">Ashaŗh</a> (<span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">আষাঢ়</span></span>)</li> <li>4. <a href="/wiki/Srabon" title="Srabon">Shrabôn</a> (<span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">শ্রাবণ</span></span>)</li> <li>5. <a href="/wiki/Bhadro" title="Bhadro">Bhadrô</a> (<span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ভাদ্র</span></span>)</li> <li>6. <a href="/wiki/Ashvin_(month)" title="Ashvin (month)">Ashbin</a> (<span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">আশ্বিন</span></span>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>7. <a href="/wiki/Kartik_(month)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kartik (month)">Kartik</a> (<span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">কার্তিক</span></span>)</li> <li>8. <a href="/wiki/Ogrohayon" title="Ogrohayon">Ôgrôhayôn</a> (<span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">অগ্রহায়ণ</span></span>)</li> <li>9. <a href="/wiki/Poush" title="Poush">Poush</a> (<span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">পৌষ</span></span>)</li> <li>10. <a href="/wiki/Magh_(Bengali_calendar)" title="Magh (Bengali calendar)">Magh</a> (<span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">মাঘ</span></span>)</li> <li>11. <a href="/wiki/Falgun" title="Falgun">Falgun</a> (<span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ফাল্গুন</span></span>)</li> <li>12. <a href="/wiki/Choitro" title="Choitro">Chôitrô</a> (<span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">চৈত্র</span></span>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Calendars" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Calendars" title="Template:Calendars"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Calendars" title="Template talk:Calendars"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Calendars" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Calendars"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Calendars" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Calendar" title="Calendar">Calendars</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_calendar" title="Lunar calendar">Lunar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunisolar_calendar" title="Lunisolar calendar">Lunisolar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_calendar" title="Solar calendar">Solar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In wide use</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_year_numbering" title="Astronomical year numbering">Astronomical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_calendar" title="Buddhist calendar">Buddhist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Lunar Hijri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Hijri_calendar" title="Solar Hijri calendar">Solar Hijri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO_week_date" title="ISO week date">ISO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unix_time" title="Unix time">Unix time</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">In more<br />limited use</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akan_calendar" title="Akan calendar">Akan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_calendar" title="Armenian calendar">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assamese_calendar" title="Assamese calendar">Assamese (Bhāshkarābda)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_calendar" title="Assyrian calendar">Assyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_calendar" title="Baháʼí calendar">Baháʼí</a> <ul><li>Badí‘</li></ul></li> <li>Bali <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pawukon_calendar" title="Pawukon calendar">Pawukon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_saka_calendar" title="Balinese saka calendar">Saka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendars" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali calendars">Bengali</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladeshi calendar">Bangladeshi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berber_calendar" title="Berber calendar">Berber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borana_calendar" title="Borana calendar">Borana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_calendar" title="Burmese calendar">Burmese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Earthly_Branches" title="Earthly Branches">Earthly Branches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavenly_Stems" title="Heavenly Stems">Heavenly Stems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_calendar" title="Republic of China calendar">Minguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_term" title="Solar term">Solar term</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heathen_holidays" title="Heathen holidays">Germanic heathen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_calendar" title="Georgian calendar">Georgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_national_calendar" title="Indian national calendar">Saka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hmong_calendar" title="Hmong calendar">Hmong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igbo_calendar" title="Igbo calendar">Igbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_calendars" title="Iranian calendars">Iranian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jalali_calendar" title="Jalali calendar">Jalali</a> <ul><li>medieval</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrian_calendar" title="Zoroastrian calendar">Zoroastrian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_calendar" title="Irish calendar">Irish</a> <ul><li>Gaelic</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fasli_calendar" title="Fasli calendar">Fasli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabular_Islamic_calendar" title="Tabular Islamic calendar">Tabular</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vira_Nirvana_Samvat" title="Vira Nirvana Samvat">Jain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_calendar" title="Japanese calendar">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javanese_calendar" title="Javanese calendar">Javanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_calendar" title="Korean calendar">Korean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Juche_calendar" title="Juche calendar">Juche</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_calendar" title="Kurdish calendar">Kurdish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_calendar" title="Lithuanian calendar">Lithuanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirhuta_Panchang" class="mw-redirect" title="Tirhuta Panchang">Maithili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_calendar" title="Malayalam calendar">Malayalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandaean_calendar" title="Mandaean calendar">Mandaean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meitei_calendar" title="Meitei calendar">Manipuri (Meitei)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanau_calendar" title="Melanau calendar">Melanau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizo_calendar" title="Mizo calendar">Mizo (Lushai)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_calendar" title="Mongolian calendar">Mongolian</a></li> <li>Nepal <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nepal_Sambat" title="Nepal Sambat">Nepal Sambat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yele_Sambat" title="Yele Sambat">Yele Sambat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nisga%27a#Nisga’a_calendar/life" title="Nisga'a">Nisg̱a'a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odia_calendar" title="Odia calendar">Odia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_calendar" title="Punjabi calendar">Punjabi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar" title="Nanakshahi calendar">Nanakshahi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_calendar" title="Romanian calendar">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shona_calendar" title="Shona calendar">Shona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_calendar" title="Somali calendar">Somali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sotho_calendar" title="Sotho calendar">Sesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_calendar" title="Slavic calendar">Slavic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_Native_Faith%27s_calendars_and_holidays" title="Slavic Native Faith's calendars and holidays">Slavic Native Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_months" title="Macedonian months">Macedonian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_calendar" title="Tamil calendar">Tamil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_calendar" title="Thai calendar">Thai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thai_lunar_calendar" title="Thai lunar calendar">lunar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_solar_calendar" title="Thai solar calendar">solar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_calendar" title="Tibetan calendar">Tibetan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripuri_calendar" title="Tripuri calendar">Tripuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulu_calendar" title="Tulu calendar">Tulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_calendar" title="Vietnamese calendar">Vietnamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel_of_the_Year" title="Wheel of the Year">Wicca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xhosa_calendar" title="Xhosa calendar">Xhosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoruba_calendar" title="Yoruba calendar">Yoruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulu_calendar" title="Zulu calendar">Zulu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Runic_calendar" title="Runic calendar">Runic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesoamerican_calendars" title="Mesoamerican calendars">Mesoamerican</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mesoamerican_Long_Count_calendar" title="Mesoamerican Long Count calendar">Long Count</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_round" class="mw-redirect" title="Calendar round">Calendar round</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Christian variants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar">Coptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian and Eritrean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revised_Julian_calendar" title="Revised Julian calendar">Revised</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_year" title="Liturgical year">Liturgical year</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_liturgical_calendar" title="Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar">Eastern Orthodox</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints" title="Calendar of saints">Saints</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Islamic_Arabian_calendar" title="Pre-Islamic Arabian calendar">Arabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attic_calendar" title="Attic calendar">Attic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aztec_calendar" title="Aztec calendar">Aztec</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dnalp%C5%8Dhualli" title="Tōnalpōhualli">Tōnalpōhualli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiuhp%C5%8Dhualli" title="Xiuhpōhualli">Xiuhpōhualli</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babylonian_calendar" title="Babylonian calendar">Babylonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgar_calendar" title="Bulgar calendar">Bulgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_calendar" title="Byzantine calendar">Byzantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cappadocian_calendar" title="Cappadocian calendar">Cappadocian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_calendar" title="Celtic calendar">Celtic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cham_calendar" title="Cham calendar">Cham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chula_Sakarat" title="Chula Sakarat">Culāsakaraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coligny_calendar" title="Coligny calendar">Coligny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_calendar" title="Egyptian calendar">Egyptian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enoch_calendar" title="Enoch calendar">Enoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florentine_calendar" title="Florentine calendar">Florentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Republican_calendar" title="French Republican calendar">French Republican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanic_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanic calendar">Germanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_calendars" title="Ancient Greek calendars">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inca_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Inca calendar">Inca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Macedonian_calendar" title="Ancient Macedonian calendar">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_calendar" title="Maya calendar">Maya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haab%CA%BC" title="Haabʼ">Haabʼ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzolk%CA%BCin" title="Tzolkʼin">Tzolkʼin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_calendar" title="Muisca calendar">Muisca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecontad_calendar" title="Pentecontad calendar">Pentecontad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pisan_calendar" title="Pisan calendar">Pisan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qumran_calendrical_texts" title="Qumran calendrical texts">Qumran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapa_Nui_calendar" title="Rapa Nui calendar">Rapa Nui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_calendar" title="Roman calendar">Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumi_calendar" title="Rumi calendar"><i>Rumi</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle" title="Sexagenary cycle">Sexagenary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_calendar" title="Soviet calendar">Soviet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_calendar" title="Swedish calendar">Swedish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_renaming_of_Turkmen_months_and_days_of_week" title="2002 renaming of Turkmen months and days of week">Turkmen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By specialty</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Holocene</a> <ul><li>anthropological</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proleptic_Gregorian_calendar" title="Proleptic Gregorian calendar">Proleptic Gregorian</a> / <a href="/wiki/Proleptic_Julian_calendar" title="Proleptic Julian calendar">Proleptic Julian</a> <ul><li>historiographical</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darian_calendar" title="Darian calendar">Darian</a> <ul><li>Martian</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreamspell" title="Dreamspell">Dreamspell</a> <ul><li>New Age</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discordian_calendar" title="Discordian calendar">Discordian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%27Pataphysics#Pataphysical_calendar" title="'Pataphysics">'Pataphysical</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Calendar_reform" title="Calendar reform">Reform proposals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hanke%E2%80%93Henry_Permanent_Calendar" title="Hanke–Henry Permanent Calendar">Hanke–Henry Permanent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Fixed_Calendar" title="International Fixed Calendar">International Fixed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pax_Calendar" title="Pax Calendar">Pax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Positivist_calendar" title="Positivist calendar">Positivist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symmetry454" title="Symmetry454">Symmetry454</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Calendar" title="World Calendar">World</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Displays and<br />applications</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_calendar" title="Digital calendar">Electronic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpetual_calendar" title="Perpetual calendar">Perpetual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_(stationery)" title="Calendar (stationery)">Wall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Year naming<br />and numbering</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Terminology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_era" title="Calendar era">Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epoch" title="Epoch">Epoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leap_year" title="Leap year">Leap year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Year" title="New Year">New Year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regnal_name" title="Regnal name">Regnal name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regnal_year" title="Regnal year">Regnal year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Year_zero" title="Year zero">Year zero</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ab_urbe_condita" title="Ab urbe condita">Ab urbe condita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anka_year" title="Anka year">Anka year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">Anno Domini</a>/<a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">Common Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anno_Lucis" title="Anno Lucis">Anno Lucis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Era_of_the_Martyrs" title="Era of the Martyrs">Anno Martyrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anno_Mundi" title="Anno Mundi">Anno Mundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eponym_dating_system" title="Eponym dating system">Assyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Before_Present" title="Before Present">Before Present</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_era_name" title="Chinese era name">Chinese Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_calendar" title="Republic of China calendar">Chinese Minguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regnal_years_of_English_and_British_monarchs" title="Regnal years of English and British monarchs">English and British regnal year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hijri_year" title="Hijri year">Hijri year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Human (Holocene)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_era_name" title="Japanese era name">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_era_name" title="Korean era name">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirayana_system" title="Nirayana system">Nirayana system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seleucid_era" title="Seleucid era">Seleucid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_era" title="Spanish era">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuga" title="Yuga">Yugas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Satya_Yuga" title="Satya Yuga">Satya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treta_Yuga" title="Treta Yuga">Treta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dvapara_Yuga" title="Dvapara Yuga">Dvapara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_era_name" title="Vietnamese era name">Vietnamese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fictional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Discworld_(world)#Calendar" title="Discworld (world)">Discworld</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Discworld" title="Discworld">Discworld</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flanaess#Calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Flanaess">Greyhawk</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Dungeons_%26_Dragons" title="Dungeons & Dragons">Dungeons & Dragons</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle-earth_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle-earth calendar">Middle-earth</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="The Lord of the Rings">The Lord of the Rings</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stardate" title="Stardate">Stardate</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek" title="Star Trek">Star Trek</a></i>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_calendars" title="List of calendars">List of calendars</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Calendars" title="Category:Calendars">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="x30px&#124;Culture_of_West_Bengal_Culture_of_West_Bengal" 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id="x30px&#124;Culture_of_West_Bengal_Culture_of_West_Bengal" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jor_Bangla_Temple_Arnab_Dutta_2011.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Culture of West Bengal"><img alt="Culture of West Bengal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Jor_Bangla_Temple_Arnab_Dutta_2011.JPG/37px-Jor_Bangla_Temple_Arnab_Dutta_2011.JPG" decoding="async" width="37" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Jor_Bangla_Temple_Arnab_Dutta_2011.JPG/55px-Jor_Bangla_Temple_Arnab_Dutta_2011.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Jor_Bangla_Temple_Arnab_Dutta_2011.JPG/73px-Jor_Bangla_Temple_Arnab_Dutta_2011.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1900" data-file-height="1554" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_West_Bengal" title="Culture of West Bengal">Culture of West Bengal</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/West_Bengal_Cuisine" title="West Bengal Cuisine">Cuisine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baingan_bharta" title="Baingan bharta">Baingan bharta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bori_(food)" title="Bori (food)">Bori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gohona_Bori" title="Gohona Bori">Gohona Bori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chingri_malai_curry" title="Chingri malai curry">Chingri malai curry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kheer_(Bengali_sweets)" title="Kheer (Bengali sweets)">Kheer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khichdi" class="mw-redirect" title="Khichdi">Khichuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machh_bhaja" title="Machh bhaja">Machh bhaja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machher_Jhol" title="Machher Jhol">Machher Jhol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mishti_doi" title="Mishti doi">Mishti doi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabadwip-er_lal_doi" title="Nabadwip-er lal doi">Nabadwip-er lal doi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitha" title="Pitha">Pithe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasgulla" title="Rasgulla">Rasogolla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice" title="Rice">Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandesh_(confectionery)" title="Sandesh (confectionery)">Sandesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorshe_Ilish" class="mw-redirect" title="Sorshe Ilish">Sorshe Ilish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abar_Khabo" title="Abar Khabo">Abar Khabo</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80_%E0%A7%A7.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80_%E0%A7%A7.jpg/100px-%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80_%E0%A7%A7.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80_%E0%A7%A7.jpg/150px-%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80_%E0%A7%A7.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80_%E0%A7%A7.jpg/200px-%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80_%E0%A7%A7.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3864" data-file-height="5152" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_classical_dance" title="Indian classical dance">Classical dance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Nritya" title="Gaudiya Nritya">Gaudiya Nritya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabindra_Nritya_Natya" title="Rabindra Nritya Natya">Rabindra Nritya Natya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Folk_dance_forms_of_West_Bengal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Folk dance forms of West Bengal (page does not exist)">Folk dance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alkap" title="Alkap">Alkap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brita_dance" title="Brita dance">Brita dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhau_dance" title="Chhau dance">Chhau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhamail" title="Dhamail">Dhamail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhunuchi_Nritya" title="Dhunuchi Nritya">Dhunuchi Nritya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domni" title="Domni">Domni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gombhira" title="Gombhira">Gombhira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalikapatadi" title="Kalikapatadi">Kalikapatadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushan_dance" title="Kushan dance">Kushan dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raibenshe" title="Raibenshe">Raibenshe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tusu_dance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tusu dance (page does not exist)">Tusu dance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Music_of_West_Bengal" title="Music of West Bengal">Music</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Cultural songs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agamani-Vijaya" title="Agamani-Vijaya">Agamani-Vijaya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atulprasadi_Sangeet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atulprasadi Sangeet (page does not exist)">Atulprasadi Sangeet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishnupur_Gharana" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishnupur Gharana">Bishnupur Gharana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwijendrageeti" title="Dwijendrageeti">Dwijendrageeti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazrul_Geeti" title="Nazrul Geeti">Nazrul Geeti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prabhat_Samgiita" title="Prabhat Samgiita">Prabhat Samgiita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabindra_Sangeet" title="Rabindra Sangeet">Rabindra Sangeet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shyama_Sangeet" title="Shyama Sangeet">Shyama Sangeet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Folk_song_forms_of_West_Bengal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Folk song forms of West Bengal (page does not exist)">Folk songs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baromasya_Song&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baromasya Song (page does not exist)">Baromasya Song</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baul" title="Baul">Baul</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bhadu_Song&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bhadu Song (page does not exist)">Bhadu Song</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhatiali" title="Bhatiali">Bhatiali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhawaiya" title="Bhawaiya">Bhawaiya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolan_Song&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bolan Song (page does not exist)">Bolan Song</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghatu_Song&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghatu Song (page does not exist)">Ghatu Song</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gombhira" title="Gombhira">Gombhira</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hapu_song&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hapu song (page does not exist)">Hapu song</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirtan" title="Kirtan">Kirtan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patua_Sangeet" title="Patua Sangeet">Patua Sangeet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shreekrishna_Kirtana" title="Shreekrishna Kirtana">Shreekrishna Kirtana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tusu_Song&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tusu Song (page does not exist)">Tusu Song</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Handlooms and<br />handicrafts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Handloom</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baluchari_Sari" class="mw-redirect" title="Baluchari Sari">Baluchari Sari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakshi_kantha" title="Nakshi kantha">Nakshi kantha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kantha" title="Kantha">Kantha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tant_sari" title="Tant sari">Tant sari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangail_Saree_(West_Bengal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tangail Saree (West Bengal)">Tangail Saree</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Handicrafts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bankura_horse" title="Bankura horse">Bankura horse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhau_Mask" class="mw-redirect" title="Chhau Mask">Chhau Mask</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhokra" title="Dhokra">Dhokra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santiniketan_Leather_Goods" title="Santiniketan Leather Goods">Santiniketan Leather Goods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shital_Pati" title="Shital Pati">Shital Pati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wooden_dolls,_Natungram" title="Wooden dolls, Natungram">Wooden dolls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madurkathi" title="Madurkathi">Madurkathi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observations<br />and <a href="/wiki/Festivals_of_West_Bengal" class="mw-redirect" title="Festivals of West Bengal">festivals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Darjeeling_Carnival" title="Darjeeling Carnival">Darjeeling Carnival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharmathakur" title="Dharmathakur">Dharmathakur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dola_Yatra" class="mw-redirect" title="Dola Yatra">Dola jatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durga_Puja" title="Durga Puja">Durga Puja</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Durga_Puja_Carnival" title="Durga Puja Carnival">Durga Puja Carnival</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guptipara_Rathayatra" title="Guptipara Rathayatra">Guptipara Rathayatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagaddhatri" title="Jagaddhatri">Jagaddhatri Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joydeb-Kenduli_Mela&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joydeb-Kenduli Mela (page does not exist)">Joydeb-Kenduli Mela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali_Puja" title="Kali Puja">Kali Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmi_Puja" title="Lakshmi Puja">Lakshmi Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahishadal_Rathayatra" title="Mahishadal Rathayatra">Mahishadal Rathayatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makar_Sankranti" title="Makar Sankranti">Makar Sankranti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobanno" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobanno">Nobanno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahela_Baishakh" class="mw-redirect" title="Pahela Baishakh">Poila Boishakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poush_Mela" title="Poush Mela">Poush Mela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rathayatra" class="mw-redirect" title="Rathayatra">Rathayatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rathayatra_of_Mahesh" title="Rathayatra of Mahesh">Rathayatra of Mahesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakta_Rash" title="Shakta Rash">Shakta Rash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindur_Khela" title="Sindur Khela">Sindur Khela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arts_of_West_Bengal" title="Arts of West Bengal">Arts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpona" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpona">Alpona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bankura_horse" title="Bankura horse">Bankura horse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manasa_chali" title="Manasa chali">Manasa chali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalchitra" title="Chalchitra">Chalchitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dashabatar_Cards" title="Dashabatar Cards">Dashabatar Cards</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Durga_pot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Durga pot (page does not exist)">Durga pot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalighat_Painting" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalighat Painting">Kalighat Painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattachitra" title="Pattachitra">Patachitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sholapith" title="Sholapith">Sholapith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terracotta" title="Terracotta">Terracotta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barowari" title="Barowari">Barowari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendars" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali calendars">Bônggabdô</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dakshin_Rai" title="Dakshin Rai">Dakshin Rai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/32px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/48px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/64px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:India" title="Portal:India">India portal</a> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Culture_of_West_Bengal" title="Category:Culture of West Bengal">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border&#124;alt=_National_symbols_of_Bangladesh" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Symbols_of_Bangladesh" title="Template:Symbols of Bangladesh"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Symbols_of_Bangladesh" title="Template talk:Symbols of Bangladesh"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Symbols_of_Bangladesh" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Symbols of Bangladesh"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border&#124;alt=_National_symbols_of_Bangladesh" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;text-align:left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Bangladesh_(1971).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Bangladesh_%281971%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bangladesh_%281971%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Bangladesh_%281971%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bangladesh_%281971%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Bangladesh_%281971%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bangladesh_%281971%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Bangladesh" title="National symbols of Bangladesh">National symbols of Bangladesh</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amar_Sonar_Bangla" title="Amar Sonar Bangla">Amar Sonar Bangla</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(national anthem)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notuner_Gaan" title="Notuner Gaan">Notuner Gaan</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(national march)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Emblem_of_Bangladesh" title="National Emblem of Bangladesh">National Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Seal_of_Bangladesh" title="Government Seal of Bangladesh">Government Seal </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Bangladesh" title="Flag of Bangladesh">Red-Green</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(national flag)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(national language)</span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/80px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/120px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/160px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Symbols.gif/80px-Symbols.gif" decoding="async" width="80" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Symbols.gif/120px-Symbols.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Symbols.gif/160px-Symbols.gif 2x" data-file-width="322" data-file-height="84" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Monuments and Memorials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shaheed_Minar,_Dhaka" title="Shaheed Minar, Dhaka">Shaheed Minar</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1952, martyr monument)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Martyrs%27_Memorial" title="National Martyrs' Memorial">National Martyrs' Memorial</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1971, national monument)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyred_Intellectuals_Memorial" title="Martyred Intellectuals Memorial">Martyred Intellectuals Memorial</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1971, martyr monument)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Column_of_Independence" class="mw-redirect" title="Column of Independence">Column of Independence</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1971, independence monument)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Father of the Nation)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazi_Nazrul_Islam" title="Kazi Nazrul Islam">Kazi Nazrul Islam</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(National poet)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Flora and fauna</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mango" title="Mango">Mango Tree</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(national tree)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_magpie-robin" title="Oriental magpie-robin">Doel</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(national bird)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymphaea_nouchali" title="Nymphaea nouchali">Water lily</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(national flower)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_tiger" title="Bengal tiger">Royal Bengal Tiger</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(national animal)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackfruit" title="Jackfruit">Jackfruit</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(national fruit)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilish" title="Ilish">Ilish</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(national fish)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kabaddi" title="Kabaddi">Kabaddi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(national game)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendars" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali calendars">Bengali calendar</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(national calendar)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangamata" title="Bangamata">Bangamata</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(national personification)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bangladesh_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bangladesh_topics" title="Template:Bangladesh topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bangladesh_topics" title="Template talk:Bangladesh topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bangladesh_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bangladesh topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bangladesh_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Bangladesh" title="Outline of Bangladesh">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Bangladesh" title="History of Bangladesh">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Bangladeshi_history" title="Timeline of Bangladeshi history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Bangladesh#History_of_Bangladesh" title="Outline of Bangladesh">Outline</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bangladesh-related_topics" title="List of Bangladesh-related topics">Topics</a>:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Bengal" title="History of Bengal">Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_aviation_in_Bangladesh" title="History of aviation in Bangladesh">Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_literature" title="Bengali literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Bangladesh" title="Military history of Bangladesh">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Bangladesh" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Bangladesh">Postal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Bengal" title="List of rulers of Bengal">Rulers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bangladesh_tropical_cyclones" title="List of Bangladesh tropical cyclones">Cyclones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_years_in_Bangladesh" title="List of years in Bangladesh">Years</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_history_of_Bangladesh" title="Ancient history of Bangladesh">Ancient</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vedic_period" title="Vedic period">Vedic period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anga" title="Anga">Anga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanga_kingdom" title="Vanga kingdom">Vanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pundra_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Pundra Kingdom">Pundra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suhma_kingdom" title="Suhma kingdom">Suhma kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magadha_(Mahajanapada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Magadha (Mahajanapada)">Magadha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pradyota_dynasty" title="Pradyota dynasty">Pradyota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaishunaga_dynasty" title="Shaishunaga dynasty">Shaishunaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanda_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanda Empire">Nanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangaridai" title="Gangaridai">Gangaridai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurya_Empire" title="Maurya Empire">Maurya Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shunga_Empire" title="Shunga Empire">Shunga Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanva_dynasty" title="Kanva dynasty">Kanva dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gupta_Empire" title="Gupta Empire">Gupta Empire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Classical and Medieval</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Founding kingdom:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gauda_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Gauda Kingdom">Gauda Kingdom</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Classical empires:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pala_Empire" title="Pala Empire">Pala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamboja_Pala_dynasty" title="Kamboja Pala dynasty">Kamboja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sena_dynasty" title="Sena dynasty">Sena</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Sultanates:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_rulers_in_the_Indian_subcontinent" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic rulers in the Indian subcontinent">Islamic rulers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi_Sultanate" title="Delhi Sultanate">Delhi Sultanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalji_dynasty" title="Khalji dynasty">Khalji dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Sultanate" title="Bengal Sultanate">Bengal Sultanate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sur_Empire" title="Sur Empire">Sur Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baro-Bhuyan" title="Baro-Bhuyan">Baro-Bhuyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal period:</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Subah" title="Bengal Subah">Bengal Subah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawabs_of_Bengal" title="Nawabs of Bengal">Nawabs of Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Plassey" title="Battle of Plassey">Battle of Plassey</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_British_Raj" title="History of the British Raj">Colonial</a> and Pakistan era</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_settlement_in_Chittagong" title="Portuguese settlement in Chittagong">Portuguese Bengala</a></li> <li><i>British Bengal:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Bengal_famine_of_1770" title="Great Bengal famine of 1770">Famine of 1770</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857" title="Indian Rebellion of 1857">Sepoy Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Renaissance" title="Bengal Renaissance">Bengal Renaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1905)" title="Partition of Bengal (1905)">Partition of Bengal (1905)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bengal" title="Prime Minister of Bengal">Prime Minister of Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahore_Resolution" title="Lahore Resolution">Lahore Resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_famine_of_1943" title="Bengal famine of 1943">Famine of 1943</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_Action_Day" title="Direct Action Day">Direct Action Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1947)" title="Partition of Bengal (1947)">Partition of Bengal (1947)</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/East_Pakistan" title="East Pakistan">East Pakistan</a>:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_language_movement" title="Bengali language movement">Language Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Bengali_legislative_election,_1954" class="mw-redirect" title="East Bengali legislative election, 1954">Legislative election in 1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six_point_movement" title="Six point movement">Six point movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_Mass_uprising_in_East_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="1969 Mass uprising in East Pakistan">1969 Uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_general_election,_1970" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistani general election, 1970">General election in 1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_Bangladeshi_Independence" title="Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence">Proclamation of Independence</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Bangladesh Liberation War">Bangladesh Liberation War</a>:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Bangladesh" title="Provisional Government of Bangladesh">Provisional Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Bangladesh_genocide" class="mw-redirect" title="1971 Bangladesh genocide">Genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_during_the_Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Rape during the Bangladesh Liberation War">Rape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Timeline of the Bangladesh Liberation War">Timeline</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Bangladesh_after_independence" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Bangladesh after independence">Republic of Bangladesh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_famine_of_1974" title="Bangladesh famine of 1974">Famine of 1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_coups_in_Bangladesh" title="Military coups in Bangladesh">Military coups</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Ziaur_Rahman" title="Assassination of Ziaur Rahman">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Bangladesh_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" class="mw-redirect" title="1982 Bangladesh coup d'état">1982</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Mass_Uprising_in_Bangladesh" title="1990 Mass Uprising in Bangladesh">1990 Uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006%E2%80%9308_Bangladeshi_political_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2006–08 Bangladeshi political crisis">Political crisis in 2006–08</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Rifles_revolt" title="Bangladesh Rifles revolt">Bangladesh Rifles revolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Begums" title="Battle of Begums">Battle of Begums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Bangladesh_violence" title="2013 Bangladesh violence">Protests in 2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student%E2%80%93People%27s_uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="Student–People's uprising">Student–People's uprising</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Bangladesh_quota_reform_movement" title="2024 Bangladesh quota reform movement">Quota reform movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-cooperation_movement_(2024)" title="Non-cooperation movement (2024)">Non-cooperation movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_massacre" title="July massacre">Massacre</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Administrative divisions of Bangladesh">Regional</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chittagong" title="History of Chittagong">Chittagong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Dhaka" title="History of Dhaka">Dhaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Jessore" title="History of Jessore">Jessore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Noakhali" title="History of Noakhali">Noakhali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Rangpur" title="History of Rangpur">Rangpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sylhet" title="History of Sylhet">Sylhet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Bangladesh" title="Geography of Bangladesh">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_geography_of_Bangladesh" title="Administrative geography of Bangladesh">Administrative:</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_Bangladesh" title="Divisions of Bangladesh">Divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="List of districts of Bangladesh">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upazilas_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Upazilas of Bangladesh">Sub-districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Bangladesh" title="List of cities and towns in Bangladesh">Cities and towns</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Borders_of_Bangladesh" title="Template:Borders of Bangladesh">Borders</a></li> <li><i>Nature:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Islands_of_Bangladesh" title="Category:Islands of Bangladesh">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lakes_of_Bangladesh" title="Category:Lakes of Bangladesh">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mountains_of_Bangladesh" title="Category:Mountains of Bangladesh">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Parks_in_Bangladesh" title="Category:Parks in Bangladesh">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Bangladesh" title="List of rivers of Bangladesh">Rivers</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Places:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal" title="Bay of Bengal">Bay of Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Fan" title="Bengal Fan">Bengal Fan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittagong_Hill_Tracts" title="Chittagong Hill Tracts">Chittagong Hill Tracts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cox%27s_Bazar" title="Cox's Bazar">Cox's Bazar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganges_Basin" title="Ganges Basin">Ganges Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganges_Delta" title="Ganges Delta">Ganges Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatirjheel" title="Hatirjheel">Hatirjheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundarbans" title="Sundarbans">Sundarbans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Bangladesh" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Bangladesh">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Bangladesh" title="Politics of Bangladesh">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Bangladesh" title="Government of Bangladesh">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Executive:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Bangladesh" title="President of Bangladesh">President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Bangladesh" title="List of presidents of Bangladesh">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bangladesh" title="Prime Minister of Bangladesh">Prime Minister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Bangladesh" title="List of prime ministers of Bangladesh">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Bangladesh" title="Cabinet of Bangladesh">Cabinet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Bangladesh" title="Elections in Bangladesh">Elections</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Election_Commission" title="Bangladesh Election Commission">Election Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:General_elections_in_Bangladesh" title="Category:General elections in Bangladesh">General elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_elections_in_Bangladesh" title="Presidential elections in Bangladesh">Presidential elections</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Bangladesh" title="List of political parties in Bangladesh">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Bangladesh" title="Foreign relations of Bangladesh">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign policy of Bangladesh">Foreign policies</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jatiya_Sangsad" title="Jatiya Sangsad">Jatiya Sangsad</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(parliament)</span>:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliamentary_constituencies_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliamentary constituencies in Bangladesh">Constituencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Jatiya_Sangsad" title="Speaker of the Jatiya Sangsad">Speaker</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Bangladesh" title="Local government in Bangladesh">Local government</a>:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_City_Corporations_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="List of City Corporations of Bangladesh">City corporations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Municipal_Corporations_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Municipal Corporations of Bangladesh">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upazilas_of_Bangladesh#Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Upazilas of Bangladesh">Upazila Parishads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_councils_of_Bangladesh" title="Union councils of Bangladesh">Union councils</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laws_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Laws in Bangladesh">Law</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Bangladesh" title="Constitution of Bangladesh">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Bangladesh" title="Supreme Court of Bangladesh">Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Court_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="High Court Division">High Court Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Crimes_Tribunal_(Bangladesh)" title="International Crimes Tribunal (Bangladesh)">International Crimes Tribunal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_Bangladesh" title="Chief Justice of Bangladesh">Chief Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Bangladesh" title="Attorney General of Bangladesh">Attorney General</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Bangladesh" title="Human rights in Bangladesh">Human rights</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forced_disappearance_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Forced disappearance in Bangladesh">Forced disappearance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_Bangladesh" title="Freedom of religion in Bangladesh">Freedom of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Bangladesh">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Bangladesh" title="Women in Bangladesh">Women</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Military" title="Military">Military</a> and <a href="/wiki/Category:Law_enforcement_in_Bangladesh" title="Category:Law enforcement in Bangladesh">enforcement</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Armed_Forces" title="Bangladesh Armed Forces">Armed Forces</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Army" title="Bangladesh Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Navy" title="Bangladesh Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Air_Force" title="Bangladesh Air Force">Air Force</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Paramilitary_forces_of_Bangladesh" title="Category:Paramilitary forces of Bangladesh">Paramilitary</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Border_Guards_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Border Guards Bangladesh">Border Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Coast_Guard" title="Bangladesh Coast Guard">Coast Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Ansar" title="Bangladesh Ansar">Ansar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Village_Defence_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Village Defence Party">Village Defence Party</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_Guard_Regiment" title="President Guard Regiment">President Guard Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Security_Force" title="Special Security Force">Special Security Force</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_intelligence_community" title="Bangladeshi intelligence community">Intelligence</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Intelligence" title="National Security Intelligence">NSI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate_General_of_Forces_Intelligence" title="Directorate General of Forces Intelligence">DGFI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter_Terrorism_and_Intelligence_Bureau" title="Counter Terrorism and Intelligence Bureau">CTIB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Branch_(Bangladesh)" title="Special Branch (Bangladesh)">Special Branch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Police" title="Bangladesh Police">Police</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Police_Battalion" title="Armed Police Battalion">APBn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_Investigation_Department_(Bangladesh)" title="Criminal Investigation Department (Bangladesh)">CID</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter_Terrorism_and_Transnational_Crime" title="Counter Terrorism and Transnational Crime">CTTC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Police Bureau of Investigation">PBI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapid_Action_Battalion" title="Rapid Action Battalion">RAB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Security_and_Protection_Battalion" title="Special Security and Protection Battalion">SPBn</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bangladesh" title="Economy of Bangladesh">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Planning_Commission" title="Bangladesh Planning Commission">Bangladesh Planning Commission</a></li> <li><i>Industries:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Bangladesh" title="Automotive industry in Bangladesh">Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceramics_industry_in_Bangladesh" title="Ceramics industry in Bangladesh">Ceramics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronics_industry_in_Bangladesh" title="Electronics industry in Bangladesh">Electronics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_industry_in_Bangladesh" title="Food industry in Bangladesh">Food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_industry_in_Bangladesh" title="Pharmaceutical industry in Bangladesh">Pharmaceutical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_industry_in_Bangladesh" title="Textile industry in Bangladesh">Textile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shipbuilding_in_Bangladesh" title="Shipbuilding in Bangladesh">Shipbuilding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steel_industry_in_Bangladesh" title="Steel industry in Bangladesh">Steel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_production_in_Bangladesh" title="Tea production in Bangladesh">Tea production</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Finance sectors:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_Bangladesh" title="Banking in Bangladesh">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Bank" title="Bangladesh Bank">Bangladesh Bank <span style="font-size:85%;">(central bank)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_taka" title="Bangladeshi taka">Bangladeshi taka <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_system_in_Bangladesh" title="Financial system in Bangladesh">Financial system</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Stock Exchange:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chittagong_Stock_Exchange" title="Chittagong Stock Exchange">Chittagong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhaka_Stock_Exchange" title="Dhaka Stock Exchange">Dhaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Bangladesh_share_market_scam" title="2011 Bangladesh share market scam">2011 scam</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Energy and resources:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_Bangladesh" title="Energy policy of Bangladesh">Energy policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electricity_sector_in_Bangladesh" title="Electricity sector in Bangladesh">Electricity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_gas_and_petroleum_in_Bangladesh" title="Natural gas and petroleum in Bangladesh">Natural gas and petroleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_energy_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear energy in Bangladesh">Nuclear energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Bangladesh" title="Renewable energy in Bangladesh">Renewable energy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Export_Processing_Zone_Authority" title="Bangladesh Export Processing Zone Authority">Export Processing Zones</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Bangladesh" title="Agriculture in Bangladesh">Agriculture</a>:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rice_production_in_Bangladesh" title="Rice production in Bangladesh">Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poultry_farming_in_Bangladesh" title="Poultry farming in Bangladesh">Poultry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Fishing in Bangladesh">Fishing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forestry_in_Bangladesh" title="Forestry in Bangladesh">Forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Bangladesh" title="Tourism in Bangladesh">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_Bangladesh" title="Poverty in Bangladesh">Poverty</a></li> <li><i>Infrastructure:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Post_Office" title="Bangladesh Post Office">Post</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Bangladesh" title="Telecommunications in Bangladesh">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_in_Bangladesh" title="Real estate in Bangladesh">Real estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Bangladesh" title="Water supply and sanitation in Bangladesh">Water supply and sanitation</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Bangladesh" title="Transport in Bangladesh">Transport</a>:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_Bangladesh" title="List of airports in Bangladesh">Airports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airlines_of_Bangladesh" title="List of airlines of Bangladesh">Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Railway" title="Bangladesh Railway">Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_roads_in_Bangladesh" title="List of roads in Bangladesh">Roads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ports_and_harbours_of_Bangladesh" title="Category:Ports and harbours of Bangladesh">Ports</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Bangladesh" title="Category:Society of Bangladesh">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Bangladesh" title="Demographics of Bangladesh">Demographics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic groups in Bangladesh">Ethnic groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshis" title="Bangladeshis">Bangladeshis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengalis" title="Bengalis">Bengalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladeshi name">Names</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Bangladesh" title="Crime in Bangladesh">Crime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Bangladesh" title="Corruption in Bangladesh">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_Bangladesh" title="Human trafficking in Bangladesh">Human trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_Bangladesh" title="Terrorism in Bangladesh">Terrorism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Bangladesh" title="Education in Bangladesh">Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Bangladesh" title="List of schools in Bangladesh">Schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Bangladesh" title="List of universities in Bangladesh">Universities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Bangladesh" title="Health in Bangladesh">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunger_in_Bangladesh" title="Hunger in Bangladesh">Hunger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bangladesh" title="Religion in Bangladesh">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_society" title="Bangladeshi society">Society</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Bangladesh" title="Culture of Bangladesh">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Bangladesh" title="Architecture of Bangladesh">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangaliana" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangaliana">Bangaliana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baul" title="Baul">Baul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_nationalism" title="Bangladeshi nationalism">Bangladeshi nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_nationalism" title="Bengali nationalism">Bengalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendars" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali calendars">Calendars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Bangladesh" title="Cinema of Bangladesh">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_cuisine" title="Bangladeshi cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_studies" title="Bengal studies">Bengal studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_literature" title="Bengali literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Bangladesh" title="Music of Bangladesh">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Bangladesh" title="Public holidays in Bangladesh">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Bangladesh" title="Sport in Bangladesh">Sports</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_traditional_games" title="Bengali traditional games">Traditional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_theatre" title="Bengali theatre">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Bangladesh" title="List of radio stations in Bangladesh">Radio stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Bangladesh" title="Television in Bangladesh">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_Bangladesh" title="Sexuality in Bangladesh">Sexuality</a></li> <li>Marriage</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Bangladesh" title="National symbols of Bangladesh">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amar_Shonar_Bangla" class="mw-redirect" title="Amar Shonar Bangla">Amar Shonar Bangla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangamata" title="Bangamata">Bangamata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_fire" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengal fire">Bengal fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_tiger" title="Bengal tiger">Bengal tiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bungalow" title="Bungalow">Bungalow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Bangladesh" title="Flag of Bangladesh">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Seal_of_Bangladesh" title="Government Seal of Bangladesh">Government Seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilish" title="Ilish">Ilish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackfruit" title="Jackfruit">Jackfruit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabaddi" title="Kabaddi">Kabaddi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_cat" title="Bengal cat">Bengal cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangifera_indica" title="Mangifera indica">Mango tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Emblem_of_Bangladesh" title="National Emblem of Bangladesh">National Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Martyrs%27_Memorial" title="National Martyrs' Memorial">National Martyrs' Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notuner_Gaan" title="Notuner Gaan">Notuner Gaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_magpie-robin" title="Oriental magpie-robin">Oriental magpie-robin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymphaea_nouchali" title="Nymphaea nouchali">Water lily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bangladeshi_inventions_and_discoveries" title="List of Bangladeshi inventions and discoveries">Inventions and discoveries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Bangladesh" title="Outline of Bangladesh">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Bangladesh" title="Outline of Bangladesh">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bangladesh" title="Category:Bangladesh">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Bangladesh" title="Portal:Bangladesh">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="State_of_West_Bengal" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:West_Bengal" title="Template:West Bengal"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:West_Bengal" title="Template talk:West Bengal"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:West_Bengal" title="Special:EditPage/Template:West Bengal"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="State_of_West_Bengal" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">State of <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_and_union_territory_capitals_in_India" title="List of state and union territory capitals in India">Capital</a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Kolkata" title="Kolkata">Kolkata</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_symbols" title="List of Indian state symbols">State symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_emblems" title="List of Indian state emblems">Emblem</a>: <a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_West_Bengal" title="Emblem of West Bengal">Emblem of West Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_anthems" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Indian state anthems">Anthem</a>: <a href="/wiki/Banglar_Mati_Banglar_Jol" title="Banglar Mati Banglar Jol">Banglar Mati Banglar Jol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_animals" title="List of Indian state animals">Animal</a>: <a href="/wiki/Fishing_cat" title="Fishing cat">Fishing cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_birds" title="List of Indian state birds">Bird</a>: <a href="/wiki/White-throated_kingfisher" title="White-throated kingfisher">White-throated kingfisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_flowers" title="List of Indian state flowers">Flower</a>: <a href="/wiki/Nyctanthes_arbor-tristis" title="Nyctanthes arbor-tristis">Night-flowering jasmine (Shiuli)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_trees" title="List of Indian state trees">Tree</a>: <a href="/wiki/Alstonia_scholaris" title="Alstonia scholaris">Devil's tree (Saptaparni)</a></li> <li>Fish: <a href="/wiki/Ilish" title="Ilish">Ilish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Bengal" title="History of Bengal">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gauda_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Gauda Kingdom">Gauda Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shashanka" title="Shashanka">Shashanka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pala_Empire" title="Pala Empire">Pala Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sena_dynasty" title="Sena dynasty">Sena dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mallabhum_kingdom" title="Mallabhum kingdom">Mallabhum kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooch_Behar_State" title="Cooch Behar State">Cooch Behar State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sher_Shah_Suri" title="Sher Shah Suri">Sher Shah Suri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawabs_of_Bengal" title="Nawabs of Bengal">Nawabs of Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_India_Company" title="East India Company">East India Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Plassey" title="Battle of Plassey">Battle of Plassey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Presidency" title="Bengal Presidency">Bengal Presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Bengal_famine_of_1770" title="Great Bengal famine of 1770">Great Bengal famine of 1770</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857" title="Indian Rebellion of 1857">Indian Rebellion of 1857</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Renaissance" title="Bengal Renaissance">Bengal Renaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bardhaman_Raj" title="Bardhaman Raj">Bardhaman Raj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadia_Raj" title="Nadia Raj">Nadia Raj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhargram_Raj" title="Jhargram Raj">Jhargram Raj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovabazar_Raj" title="Sovabazar Raj">Sovabazar Raj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1905)" title="Partition of Bengal (1905)">Partition of Bengal (1905)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_movement_for_Indian_independence" title="Revolutionary movement for Indian independence">Revolutionary movement for Indian independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anushilan_Samiti" title="Anushilan Samiti">Anushilan Samiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jugantar" title="Jugantar">Jugantar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_famine_of_1943" title="Bengal famine of 1943">Bengal famine of 1943</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_Action_Day" title="Direct Action Day">Direct Action Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noakhali_riots" title="Noakhali riots">Noakhali riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1947)" title="Partition of Bengal (1947)">Partition of Bengal (1947)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_Language_Movement_(Manbhum)" title="Bengali Language Movement (Manbhum)">Bengali Language Movement (Manbhum)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Bangladesh Liberation War">Bangladesh Liberation War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency" title="Naxalite–Maoist insurgency">Naxalite–Maoist insurgency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_West_Bengal" title="Geography of West Bengal">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Basin" title="Bengal Basin">Bengal Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darjeeling_Himalayan_hill_region" title="Darjeeling Himalayan hill region">Darjeeling Himalayan hill region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terai" title="Terai">Terai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Bengal_plains" title="North Bengal plains">North Bengal plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dooars" title="Dooars">Dooars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rarh_region" title="Rarh region">Rarh region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundarbans" title="Sundarbans">Sundarbans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vajjabhumi" title="Vajjabhumi">Western plateau and high lands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganges_Delta" title="Ganges Delta">Ganges Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_West_Bengal" title="Climate of West Bengal">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandakphu" title="Sandakphu">Sandakphu (Highest point)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_protected_areas_of_West_Bengal" title="List of protected areas of West Bengal">Protected areas of West Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_West_Bengal" title="Category:Rivers of West Bengal">Rivers of West Bengal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damodar_River" title="Damodar River">Damodar River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmaputra_River" title="Brahmaputra River">Brahmaputra River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teesta_River" title="Teesta River">Teesta River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hooghly_River" title="Hooghly River">Hooghly River</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khoai" title="Khoai">Khoai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiger_Hill,_Darjeeling" title="Tiger Hill, Darjeeling">Tiger Hill, Darjeeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siliguri_Corridor" title="Siliguri Corridor">Siliguri Corridor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_West_Bengal" title="Government of West Bengal">Governance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chief_ministers_of_West_Bengal" title="List of chief ministers of West Bengal">Chief Ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_West_Bengal" title="List of governors of West Bengal">Governor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Bengal_Legislative_Assembly" title="West Bengal Legislative Assembly">Legislative Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Bengal_Human_Rights_Commission" title="West Bengal Human Rights Commission">Human Rights Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Political_parties_in_West_Bengal" title="Category:Political parties in West Bengal">Political parties</a> (<a href="/wiki/Trinamool_Congress" title="Trinamool Congress">All India Trinamool Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist)">Communist Party (Marxist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Bengal_Pradesh_Congress_Committee" title="West Bengal Pradesh Congress Committee">Indian National Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party,_West_Bengal" title="Bharatiya Janata Party, West Bengal">Bharatiya Janata Party</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Lok_Sabha_constituencies_of_West_Bengal" title="Template:Lok Sabha constituencies of West Bengal">Parliamentary constituencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_constituencies_of_the_West_Bengal_Legislative_Assembly" title="List of constituencies of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly">Assembly constituencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CID_West_Bengal" title="CID West Bengal">CID West Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolkata_Police" title="Kolkata Police">Kolkata Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Advocacy_group" title="Advocacy group">Rights groups</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matua_Mahasangha" title="Matua Mahasangha">Matua Mahasangha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangla_Pokkho" title="Bangla Pokkho">Bangla Pokkho</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_West_Bengal" title="Administrative divisions of West Bengal">Divisions</a> and <br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_West_Bengal" title="List of districts of West Bengal">districts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Burdwan_division" title="Burdwan division">Burdwan division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birbhum_district" title="Birbhum district">Birbhum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hooghly_district" title="Hooghly district">Hooghly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paschim_Bardhaman_district" title="Paschim Bardhaman district">Paschim Bardhaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purba_Bardhaman_district" title="Purba Bardhaman district">Purba Bardhaman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jalpaiguri_division" title="Jalpaiguri division">Jalpaiguri division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alipurduar_district" title="Alipurduar district">Alipurduar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooch_Behar_district" title="Cooch Behar district">Cooch Behar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darjeeling_district" title="Darjeeling district">Darjeeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalpaiguri_district" title="Jalpaiguri district">Jalpaiguri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalimpong_district" title="Kalimpong district">Kalimpong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Malda_division" title="Malda division">Malda division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berhampore_district" title="Berhampore district">Berhampore</a> (declared)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dakshin_Dinajpur_district" title="Dakshin Dinajpur district">Dakshin Dinajpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jangipur_district" title="Jangipur district">Jangipur</a> (declared)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malda_district" title="Malda district">Malda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murshidabad_district" title="Murshidabad district">Murshidabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttar_Dinajpur_district" title="Uttar Dinajpur district">Uttar Dinajpur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Medinipur_division" title="Medinipur division">Medinipur division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bankura_district" title="Bankura district">Bankura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishnupur_district,_West_Bengal" title="Bishnupur district, West Bengal">Bishnupur</a> (declared)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhargram_district" title="Jhargram district">Jhargram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paschim_Medinipur_district" title="Paschim Medinipur district">Paschim Medinipur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purba_Medinipur_district" title="Purba Medinipur district">Purba Medinipur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purulia_district" title="Purulia district">Purulia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_division" title="Presidency division">Presidency division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basirhat_district" title="Basirhat district">Basirhat</a> (declared)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howrah_district" title="Howrah district">Howrah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichamati_district" title="Ichamati district">Ichamati</a> (declared)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolkata_district" title="Kolkata district">Kolkata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadia_district" title="Nadia district">Nadia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_24_Parganas_district" title="North 24 Parganas district">North 24 Parganas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranaghat_district" title="Ranaghat district">Ranaghat</a> (declared)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_24_Parganas" title="South 24 Parganas">South 24 Parganas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundarbans_district" title="Sundarbans district">Sundarbans</a> (declared)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cities_and_towns_in_West_Bengal" class="mw-redirect" title="Cities and towns in West Bengal">Cities and<br /> towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alipore" title="Alipore">Alipore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asansol" title="Asansol">Asansol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berhampore" title="Berhampore">Berhampore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balurghat" title="Balurghat">Balurghat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bankura" title="Bankura">Bankura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barasat" title="Barasat">Barasat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bardhaman" title="Bardhaman">Bardhaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishnupur,_Bankura" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishnupur, Bankura">Bishnupur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugli-Chuchura" title="Hugli-Chuchura">Hugli-Chuchura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooch_Behar" title="Cooch Behar">Cooch Behar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darjeeling" title="Darjeeling">Darjeeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durgapur" title="Durgapur">Durgapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haldia" title="Haldia">Haldia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howrah" title="Howrah">Howrah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalpaiguri" title="Jalpaiguri">Jalpaiguri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaynagar_Majilpur" title="Jaynagar Majilpur">Jaynagar Majilpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiaganj_Azimganj" title="Jiaganj Azimganj">Jiaganj Azimganj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalimpong" title="Kalimpong">Kalimpong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharagpur" title="Kharagpur">Kharagpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolkata" title="Kolkata">Kolkata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnanagar,_Nadia" title="Krishnanagar, Nadia">Krishnanagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurseong" title="Kurseong">Kurseong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malda,_West_Bengal" title="Malda, West Bengal">Malda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midnapore" title="Midnapore">Midnapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murshidabad" title="Murshidabad">Murshidabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purulia" title="Purulia">Purulia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raiganj" title="Raiganj">Raiganj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siliguri" title="Siliguri">Siliguri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suri,_Birbhum" title="Suri, Birbhum">Siuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamluk" title="Tamluk">Tamluk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_West_Bengal_by_population" title="List of cities in West Bengal by population">List of cities in West Bengal by population</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:West_Bengal_cities_and_towns_by_district_templates" title="Category:West Bengal cities and towns by district templates">Cities and towns by district</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_West_Bengal" title="Culture of West Bengal">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Renaissance" title="Bengal Renaissance">Bengal Renaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendars" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali calendars">Bengali calendars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattachitra" title="Pattachitra">Patachitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalchitra" title="Chalchitra">Chalchitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arts_of_West_Bengal" title="Arts of West Bengal">Arts of West Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baul" title="Baul">Baul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhadu_(festival)" title="Bhadu (festival)">Bhadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gombhira" title="Gombhira">Gombhira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhau_dance" title="Chhau dance">Chhau dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Bengal_Cuisine" title="West Bengal Cuisine">Cuisine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_cuisine" title="Bengali cuisine">Bengali</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabindra_Sangeet" title="Rabindra Sangeet">Rabindra Sangeet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabindra_Nritya_Natya" title="Rabindra Nritya Natya">Rabindra Nritya Natya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holi" title="Holi">Holi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dol_Purnima" title="Dol Purnima">Dol Purnima</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Kolkata" title="Prostitution in Kolkata">Prostitution in Kolkata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pohela_Boishakh" title="Pohela Boishakh">Pohela Boishakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durga_Puja" title="Durga Puja">Durga Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhai_Dooj" title="Bhai Dooj">Bhai Dooj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raksha_Bandhan" title="Raksha Bandhan">Raksha Bandhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratha_Yatra" title="Ratha Yatra">Ratha Yatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Bengal" title="Architecture of Bengal">Architecture of Bengal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_temple_architecture" title="Bengal temple architecture">Bengal temples</a></li></ul></li> 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href="/wiki/Dhokra" title="Dhokra">Dhokra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fazli_(mango)" title="Fazli (mango)">Fazli (mango)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garad_Saree" class="mw-redirect" title="Garad Saree">Garad Saree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gobindobhog" title="Gobindobhog">Gobindobhog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himsagar" title="Himsagar">Himsagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaynagarer_Moa" title="Jaynagarer Moa">Jaynagarer Moa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madurkathi" title="Madurkathi">Madurkathi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manasa_chali" title="Manasa chali">Manasa chali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihidana" title="Mihidana">Mihidana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakshi_kantha" title="Nakshi kantha">Nakshi kantha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santiniketan_Leather_Goods" title="Santiniketan Leather Goods">Santiniketan Leather Goods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shantipuri_sari" title="Shantipuri sari">Shantipuri sari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitabhog" title="Sitabhog">Sitabhog</a></li> 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