CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "www.researchgate.net",cType: 'managed',cRay: '92771d5dc8d7fd1b',cH: 'Oo09.kADLGSsOkr.lo2jNDgn8EK0jlWIybPcy.LTb84-1743164774-1.2.1.1-twAWKMv0zGRiVDnSOnzklJN6JyKFMae_ks1cTOKUs8hfOzVReKcUnXwnaHnn59JY',cUPMDTk: "\/publication\/226596320?__cf_chl_tk=5VOJ5AGWwoh9x1A9H8ZC2XuFVFub2mNrc5Yecb8VRLE-1743164774-1.0.1.1-Vrltx5rBZyr9ic3jIkoOm.vu3.zxR94z4_piMZfet1w",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1743164774',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/publication\/226596320?__cf_chl_f_tk=5VOJ5AGWwoh9x1A9H8ZC2XuFVFub2mNrc5Yecb8VRLE-1743164774-1.0.1.1-Vrltx5rBZyr9ic3jIkoOm.vu3.zxR94z4_piMZfet1w",md: "PU12Wasd7SmdPeZ6wyWVj6sU0Dmp4ssZFCLAL6K6MbI-1743164774-1.2.1.1-PSYV7NgOV6VsC4BIvYazYzyWe112CPIbkw3zFIwiS_um4N.8rrOZGxNw3Mh9bq.s1O36BwNRkWYz7C90rNfBT07IHCJjdC1hH6IBFbF1olTg7wbNUQsqUHjg_Y5GcqKKXI159NgUhfRRFaSRMFALMha5e4nN1s4y_nXFkh1vxWB7xe7tbTjKrJNMcJpR5N2tZo2Da3vggQyn2LBdt_XCGv_0raaUUhyWEZEmlSPEgJN_A_HgWGkt2Fe0.NUNNWseglNl6jDfo4vNmPcka.53OIg9DP8cjlobeRA_QtvF..w24DHNDFfMR7njzthFA436TQHXOVH0Z0wP7s5eZwY2U2ckmc73gXxINcXwn30jdv6y9gL5aeZZk8XSpdL.DIOd4ivINIAmjkmanFvVTUFsUY9YrkSPG.1JjD.4R4QA3LthlNfs_Pg8dz9ESu1hdy3y9IsPOVsnlxP0cpS3YDmOVzEPHZ64UQMLAbNPBHH9t1gJXL2DnIxSS2PjBe8qJbSP2N0LWHhMCvHhWRA.ko2925zCsAwz5yi0.jvgGRRIzrKSlBjDza.U0iAEJBcbVsysEkeVFkm6xXxw21pLYf2JjP3MIFPe6vyF_t6GzsFwjVvrw_ob7q53ZxiiPD5yJTLnwplovVcAmaiBCI_N4NUbI5VrSXFj_KnyLappoNEduiCobgs9pzwsj58Xs7mmH7TyChHKjDVexK_nvGOg8p9GIfEte4gTHOPt5Y5ojtpbHNGMX2WnNzVHXB6Ocht3SqejBqM8mxsetY7pUFTWZA.FdDRq62LlH_CToQTzIATtx2_kq8rRpRChYMR7I3BkIzTrYNkF9xpcVKKUSFDJbUEK.hs4w.vB8kkSLjsixq7x5i5t03tvxiDeiyaJt1YJ99Mr2_ncl4AqO3kdKMAwtT24Q4kyWQUEmRiVVx.kX1pXUQ8RBQBpMWqUK.GQzpwAtJcN2FchXrW.iJStReOUHIogzAOiMR3koIlc5bp4keuOXsUb5QWRJN8jjJdDdsU5C88NTjJsnMQzORD9bM2Saa4XRwVGxw3nDKLt0p8jIl79fREszQR_rb0RZj6rllBT3v1cxDP1OC5iZLrieenrIpxxDHIha5f.j1TtaorrQSMSiXR4s8fE6ajPQN.1fIcPa7VJJiwwGDsADeIsilpi83b0o.LfRZcA1UC14zpaa3Jbj37C7LlkaLQQIdnuDaujKbyrJgEbBROpd3afJthSMcg1DZoeCIg2XBKweYdlMP_geoOJVcRBjF7uVUq2EBBXtuO_3aydyJ82nflvvszdKahoRixW6ehOG3BLRmhwDAnauyFXKKcGtoVvVt4wtiodxQVC",mdrd: "n2_CHZRF5BNv_8vcdJw7uFc8UqQSLs6K8z.9iDjipUM-1743164774-1.2.1.1-wR8ml4BgfYatiMVl1zy9kL4OluRk23FQwdoHdfRNuzTWjO9Av83vHICs18k0rc745Xy17kWEKfoDVK4YlBaUuZYnoIh5goS6mXsCfKXEDvEc3miVEeYcuwJhxtSzJdR6S8GeiQcpDOiP8Eu5ZMBt6hDaJuxzaZdpWGx8MOiMTEIpMKscNVMWLtKpQxeH8qVkecq3AC8VlWAS7cc0L71QMmBakDRe61c3iyIAn.Xd2rt_7_QPNJT.Dn8r4q30H2QmEE65CsWoD92hA4xQ6_YDUHgggCiLFlhq.WehuDH_bGYmX8N0CB.ek3mXvNCHKzeKPAxx7NyxD5zR8fkDjPsr0WbDe2.YOosoy_6N14yQ9oV2kTsVJP7hu09CkyPxc5HjiBJ_tn.BUmPBpYsPW8D5EkA01tbdnQxmfA09dZ1IluxFGfosu8CsxbZ.aPAVcNUmKBwc1ViuC5T.cr2HhP7Vq3ofCs0BsJnKWtxOrLVjr902qJDj0AVoLU2YcpkXVSS6bt1kMDl.r9DAiuSPqq9vCdqGwPJ5PwypZ6cGIoGS5Pp5GbQfqfFDAJ47JV69oq_k9dbZ2sOSlWAvkK5DN5YrUsPHU1IuapjWKBgJeymqAVnnf9hzPWgqujDIZIZT27C6NM0DccDjWNcKjOKh_qSRU027F6NHFMZ4j7365ZTd7_Ntwqidafz3VImrjDpp.qGPDJS9X4HU7s4q2mA9dnYuZghsCM.2bAx_Pc.59Sg.uH26.Hcm4sdZIIIJa_XQOsdKgohmq25zjXViIMCK9FgjwoIvBgXreEUtiO.k0P7GjoPp74r9YNTotgTxnIg0KxGRuOhZcOfFhwDU6iCiUSwPp8_.O9zLddCOuReapi.LGK3g7SpfcSpJjFlv82OwYgXFMMCOY_u_NuoEWY3Hg1bQiJZPGXpfW138Fx6idi.JllS4xtJz.icC0zDkIfLaEuoLebmRwu5D.qDV0jSi28vWdbJJTz6IUA3S9GeVBZJn.6TGfvpbOznW6pbEiEtFDgeG6Z_WWDUxI.Ykw.co3DFuRkmprCqqelJjDIgdRnwBRsgsJDWLB3Ow4bNfJt5FWbgmAsY2t0WYObySvaRIRw1m.0OL3eyTRuAwbt93JHLGsUVIq8jaJxCudnJ1zpC1C3Bf_QS6W2A96rIy2Yp446nChturqGq1VkH_EUL_PI1v5E3FoUQTb3_JVCtYeM0L0QBxp0gN8qKV40aKSeHnBGeWWr0WNddpwfeXsk75kcmsEHs6OwvsyZPpYYrbIvwjQTaz_nFjVTp3JDj8yYO.5Vr.CybwlwFw3SbhiluYSVaGMOLM7SOYwWDxpU2vsGyFQd1k9YNezqnOk2NIrqIq62_7lk1Z.VaczMaKBcdKmCqGYYS3xX.WdFabVvFtbJs2QOeuVbHhAUdMuOxGgU5vJDoGHxIYLZiTXihGp910hSGlxcNbk8mpNBYKCkIB8CWeB422JkPhDhtvOJrGBsjDkKQ8uSEosmDFcPCrZi8DiJ62Shx0h4rMojg5dK6vsou58dJhQjTyG3HNxjqGWoOAXkERre7ezkSifGw6ARKiwIacA8TPPiRiH2jeOl_MOlOdFNHjmfClcPVmYi99wA63lGl9qDv6iVQ8AEPW2d2z0U2SYYQla7cR5lBka9gvLYRv10DApogNAflL3c35n5KGhywtUMrSvDlMmt5Z7G3pi2KmQnTWKP7wbSNI8WuDTFyZHTtNT1leSZA_u.mkv.f7AcOt4VBK_..UC0FpVROergRzcYZtHhx5XIyxQxgnZ3tNKiunqDmjm8CYYjEL5i65hz5chfUR.rkxJ65dJvEs3xesEpbCtLUilo8D33g00URytt3JcNAkkOb9_sDdTyMkMJN_4.mkjjFzn2YFhLzdzR8b3_LvsQAnW7VFLLbkXSZitsWx8SX4VKZxJnmgJ9SUnTZTOG4ndqxQ16UgXPshPlCMACdi5eH3htPh62pWz6g9s2eUM59N5mfQL3FUO8pn6X_9LW5.pvSOaVkMTfbF3WKtyeEGlQoH5dgTCnHOfT0D1ZcqT9LZLEU_zk6DS2vMp_vRoQ"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=92771d5dc8d7fd1b';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/publication\/226596320?__cf_chl_rt_tk=5VOJ5AGWwoh9x1A9H8ZC2XuFVFub2mNrc5Yecb8VRLE-1743164774-1.0.1.1-Vrltx5rBZyr9ic3jIkoOm.vu3.zxR94z4_piMZfet1w" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>