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class="topic-page sm-display-articles"> <h1 class="legacy">Articles on Oklahoma</h1> <div class="grid-ten large-grid-eight"> <section id="articles"> <h3 class="border">Displaying 1 - 20 of 31 articles</span></h3> <div class="content-list"> <article data-id="248383" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="Can a charter school be religious? The Supreme Court decision about St. Isidore, a Catholic school in Oklahoma, could redraw lines around church and state in education" href="/can-a-charter-school-be-religious-the-supreme-court-decision-about-st-isidore-a-catholic-school-in-oklahoma-could-redraw-lines-around-church-and-state-in-education-248383"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:48.50299401197605%;--background-color:#ac705b"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/645705/original/file-20250130-17-osbfr0.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=0%2C440%2C1958%2C977&q=45&auto=format&w=668&h=324&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="645705"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> If approved, St. Isidore’s would be the first religious charter school. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">Jonathan Kirn/The Image Bank via Getty Images</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2025-01-31T13:57:26Z" data-format="tc_date"> January 31, 2025 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/can-a-charter-school-be-religious-the-supreme-court-decision-about-st-isidore-a-catholic-school-in-oklahoma-could-redraw-lines-around-church-and-state-in-education-248383">Can a charter school be religious? The Supreme Court decision about St. Isidore, a Catholic school in Oklahoma, could redraw lines around church and state in education</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/charles-j-russo-541476">Charles J. Russo</a>, <em>University of Dayton</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content"> <span>For years, the Supreme Court has been expanding the boundaries of government aid to religious schools. St. Isidore’s case pushes the debate into new territory.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="244627" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="White U.S. citizens once flooded into Indian Territory, prompting calls for mass deportations" href="/white-u-s-citizens-once-flooded-into-indian-territory-prompting-calls-for-mass-deportations-244627"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#4a5031"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/635726/original/file-20241202-17-nlft7z.jpeg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=137%2C0%2C768%2C768&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="635726"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> An invasion of white settlers into lands formerly designated as Indian Territory is commemorated at the Oklahoma Land Run monument in Oklahoma City. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">(Russell Cobb)</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-12-03T19:49:00Z" data-format="tc_date"> December 3, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/white-u-s-citizens-once-flooded-into-indian-territory-prompting-calls-for-mass-deportations-244627">White U.S. citizens once flooded into Indian Territory, prompting calls for mass deportations</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/russell-cobb-387545">Russell Cobb</a>, <em>University of Alberta</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content"> <span>Conservatives say the U.S. immigration system is broken, but it was never fixed. More than 100 years ago, white migrants invaded Indigenous territory — but they had the power to change laws.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="233643" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="Oklahoma’s superintendent orders public schools to teach the Bible – relying on controversial views about religious freedom" href="/oklahomas-superintendent-orders-public-schools-to-teach-the-bible-relying-on-controversial-views-about-religious-freedom-233643"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#ab9d59"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/604639/original/file-20240703-17-phlvs2.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=256%2C0%2C683%2C683&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="604639"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> Instruction about the Bible can be legal – the question is how it’s done, and what the intent is. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">Pascal Deloche/Godong/Universal Images Group via Getty Images</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-07-08T12:07:31Z" data-format="tc_date"> July 8, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/oklahomas-superintendent-orders-public-schools-to-teach-the-bible-relying-on-controversial-views-about-religious-freedom-233643">Oklahoma’s superintendent orders public schools to teach the Bible – relying on controversial views about religious freedom</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/mark-satta-1173820">Mark Satta</a>, <em>Wayne State University</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content"> <span>State superintendent Ryan Walters has mandated that public school teachers incorporate the Bible into classroom lessons.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="233831" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="Supreme Court of Oklahoma says no to Catholic charter school – but this may not be the end of the <span class="nobr">boundary-pushing</span> saga" href="/supreme-court-of-oklahoma-says-no-to-catholic-charter-school-but-this-may-not-be-the-end-of-the-boundary-pushing-saga-233831"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#52362b"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/604474/original/file-20240702-19-7np40y.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=1176%2C0%2C2597%2C2597&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="604474"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> The Oklahoma Supreme Court bench is pictured in the state Capitol in Oklahoma City in 2014. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">AP Photo/Sue Ogrocki</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-07-03T12:22:40Z" data-format="tc_date"> July 3, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/supreme-court-of-oklahoma-says-no-to-catholic-charter-school-but-this-may-not-be-the-end-of-the-boundary-pushing-saga-233831">Supreme Court of Oklahoma says no to Catholic charter school – but this may not be the end of the <span class="nobr">boundary-pushing</span> saga</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/charles-j-russo-541476">Charles J. Russo</a>, <em>University of Dayton</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content"> <span>Officials have vowed to keep fighting for permission to open the school as a charter – which would be a controversial first for the country.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="232564" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="2024’s violent tornado season has been one of the most active on record − a meteorologist explains the weather behind the outbreaks" href="/2024s-violent-tornado-season-has-been-one-of-the-most-active-on-record-a-meteorologist-explains-the-weather-behind-the-outbreaks-232564"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#4d362d"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/601346/original/file-20240617-17-hpdqjx.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=611%2C0%2C3885%2C3885&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="601346"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> Juana Landeros and her husband and 9-year-old son survived a deadly tornado in Valley View, Texas, on May 26, 2024. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">AP Photo/Julio Cortez</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-06-24T12:20:27Z" data-format="tc_date"> June 24, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/2024s-violent-tornado-season-has-been-one-of-the-most-active-on-record-a-meteorologist-explains-the-weather-behind-the-outbreaks-232564">2024’s violent tornado season has been one of the most active on record − a meteorologist explains the weather behind the outbreaks</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/william-gallus-1299645">William Gallus</a>, <em>Iowa State University</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content"> <span>Spring 2024 was menacing for large parts of the US, with a tornado nearly every day in May. Tornado outbreaks tore up communities across multiple states.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="231995" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="Sunday school – Monday through Friday: Oklahoma joins states with ‘release time’ laws letting <span class="nobr">K-12</span> kids leave school for religious lessons" href="/sunday-school-monday-through-friday-oklahoma-joins-states-with-release-time-laws-letting-k-12-kids-leave-school-for-religious-lessons-231995"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#9e9462"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/600294/original/file-20240612-19-yvnfjz.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=708%2C0%2C1412%2C1412&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="600294"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> All packed for a day of reading, writing, arithmetic – and religion? </span> <span class="source" title="Source">artisteer/iStock via Getty Images Plus</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-06-17T12:11:36Z" data-format="tc_date"> June 17, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/sunday-school-monday-through-friday-oklahoma-joins-states-with-release-time-laws-letting-k-12-kids-leave-school-for-religious-lessons-231995">Sunday school – Monday through Friday: Oklahoma joins states with ‘release time’ laws letting <span class="nobr">K-12</span> kids leave school for religious lessons</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/charles-j-russo-541476">Charles J. Russo</a>, <em>University of Dayton</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content"> <span>The Supreme Court has twice weighed in on ‘release time’ policies, and many states allow districts to implement them.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="225868" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="A century ago, one state tried to close religious schools − a far cry from today, with controversial plans in place for the nation’s first <span class="nobr">faith-based</span> charter school" href="/a-century-ago-one-state-tried-to-close-religious-schools-a-far-cry-from-today-with-controversial-plans-in-place-for-the-nations-first-faith-based-charter-school-225868"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#50483e"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/582250/original/file-20240315-30-6vl8a7.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=118%2C0%2C665%2C665&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="582250"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> A Catholic schoolroom in the U.S. around 1930. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group via Getty Images</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-03-20T12:29:15Z" data-format="tc_date"> March 20, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/a-century-ago-one-state-tried-to-close-religious-schools-a-far-cry-from-today-with-controversial-plans-in-place-for-the-nations-first-faith-based-charter-school-225868">A century ago, one state tried to close religious schools − a far cry from today, with controversial plans in place for the nation’s first <span class="nobr">faith-based</span> charter school</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/charles-j-russo-541476">Charles J. Russo</a>, <em>University of Dayton</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content"> <span>In 1922, Oregon voters approved an initiative to require public school for most students ages 8-16 − but it didn’t hold up in court.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="224840" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="Texas fires: With over 1 million acres of grassland burned, cattle ranchers face struggles ahead to find and feed their herds" href="/texas-fires-with-over-1-million-acres-of-grassland-burned-cattle-ranchers-face-struggles-ahead-to-find-and-feed-their-herds-224840"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#5b4932"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/579060/original/file-20240229-24-1apaqq.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=515%2C213%2C2110%2C2110&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="579060"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> Over 1 million acres of grassland burn in the Texas Panhandle in late February 2024. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">Greenville Fire-Rescue via AP</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2024-03-02T18:18:10Z" data-format="tc_date"> March 2, 2024 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/texas-fires-with-over-1-million-acres-of-grassland-burned-cattle-ranchers-face-struggles-ahead-to-find-and-feed-their-herds-224840">Texas fires: With over 1 million acres of grassland burned, cattle ranchers face struggles ahead to find and feed their herds</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/karen-hickman-1515786">Karen Hickman</a>, <em>Oklahoma State University</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content"> <span>The state’s largest wildfire on record tore across the heart of Texas cattle country, and more days of strong winds were forecast. A rangeland ecologist explains why the flames spread so fast.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="214929" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="For the Osage Nation, the betrayal of the murders depicted in ‘Killers of the Flower Moon’ still lingers" href="/for-the-osage-nation-the-betrayal-of-the-murders-depicted-in-killers-of-the-flower-moon-still-lingers-214929"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#848384"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/555069/original/file-20231020-17-onzwxg.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=1096%2C0%2C3899%2C3899&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="555069"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> An Osage man on the Arkansas River sometime between 1910 and 1918 – about a decade before the Osage Reign of Terror. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">Vince Dillion/Oklahoma Historical Society via Getty Images</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2023-10-23T12:24:40Z" data-format="tc_date"> October 23, 2023 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/for-the-osage-nation-the-betrayal-of-the-murders-depicted-in-killers-of-the-flower-moon-still-lingers-214929">For the Osage Nation, the betrayal of the murders depicted in ‘Killers of the Flower Moon’ still lingers</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/shannon-toll-1475231">Shannon Toll</a>, <em>University of Dayton</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content"> <span>Despite the perpetrators being tried and convicted, anti-Indigenous sentiment roiled the area for decades.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="207700" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="Gangsters are the villains in ‘Killers of the Flower Moon,’ but the biggest thief of Native American wealth was the US government" href="/gangsters-are-the-villains-in-killers-of-the-flower-moon-but-the-biggest-thief-of-native-american-wealth-was-the-us-government-207700"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#424344"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/552605/original/file-20231006-21-4xdn37.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=785%2C0%2C2853%2C2853&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="552605"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> An Osage delegation with President Calvin Coolidge at the White House on Jan. 20, 1924. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">Bettman via Getty Images</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2023-10-16T12:32:54Z" data-format="tc_date"> October 16, 2023 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/gangsters-are-the-villains-in-killers-of-the-flower-moon-but-the-biggest-thief-of-native-american-wealth-was-the-us-government-207700">Gangsters are the villains in ‘Killers of the Flower Moon,’ but the biggest thief of Native American wealth was the US government</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/torivio-fodder-1388148">Torivio Fodder</a>, <em>University of Arizona</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content"> <span>The Osage murders of the 1920s are just one episode in nearly two centuries of stealing land and resources from Native Americans. Much of this theft was guided and sanctioned by federal law.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="207103" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="Oklahoma OKs the nation’s first religious charter school – but litigation is likely to follow" href="/oklahoma-oks-the-nations-first-religious-charter-school-but-litigation-is-likely-to-follow-207103"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#2d354b"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/530470/original/file-20230607-19-tzkryd.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=708%2C0%2C1412%2C1412&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="530470"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> Courts have wrestled with questions about public funds for students at religious schools for decades. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">Godong/Stone via Getty Images</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2023-06-07T13:23:25Z" data-format="tc_date"> June 7, 2023 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/oklahoma-oks-the-nations-first-religious-charter-school-but-litigation-is-likely-to-follow-207103">Oklahoma OKs the nation’s first religious charter school – but litigation is likely to follow</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/charles-j-russo-541476">Charles J. Russo</a>, <em>University of Dayton</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content"> <span>The school’s approval may be the strongest challenge yet to limits on public money in religious schools.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="204708" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="Rejected Oklahoma plea for death penalty commutation highlights clemency’s changing role in US death penalty system" href="/rejected-oklahoma-plea-for-death-penalty-commutation-highlights-clemencys-changing-role-in-us-death-penalty-system-204708"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#4c392d"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/523625/original/file-20230501-22-61xeda.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=255%2C0%2C1994%2C1994&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="523625"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> Protesters demonstrate against the conviction and death sentence of Richard Glossip. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">Larry French/Getty Images for MoveOn.org</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2023-05-02T12:12:11Z" data-format="tc_date"> May 2, 2023 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/rejected-oklahoma-plea-for-death-penalty-commutation-highlights-clemencys-changing-role-in-us-death-penalty-system-204708">Rejected Oklahoma plea for death penalty commutation highlights clemency’s changing role in US death penalty system</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/austin-sarat-174772">Austin Sarat</a>, <em>Amherst College</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content"> <span>Despite support for clemency from Oklahoma’s top prosecutor, a death row inmate appears set to die on May 18.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="199934" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="Whether or not a man convicted of abusing African ‘orphans’ is exonerated, the missionary system that brought him to Kenya was always deeply flawed" href="/whether-or-not-a-man-convicted-of-abusing-african-orphans-is-exonerated-the-missionary-system-that-brought-him-to-kenya-was-always-deeply-flawed-199934"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#adb251"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/521932/original/file-20230419-30-ltdodz.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=849%2C0%2C2590%2C2590&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="521932"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> Some African countries are seeking to replace orphanages with family-based care. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">himarkley/E+ via Getty Images</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2023-05-01T12:09:18Z" data-format="tc_date"> May 1, 2023 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/whether-or-not-a-man-convicted-of-abusing-african-orphans-is-exonerated-the-missionary-system-that-brought-him-to-kenya-was-always-deeply-flawed-199934">Whether or not a man convicted of abusing African ‘orphans’ is exonerated, the missionary system that brought him to Kenya was always deeply flawed</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/andreana-prichard-436364">Andreana Prichard</a>, <em>University of Oklahoma</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content"> <span>Rather than protecting some of the world’s most vulnerable children, many of Africa’s orphanages are exploiting them.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="189365" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="50 years after landmark death penalty case, Supreme Court’s ruling continues to guide execution debate" href="/50-years-after-landmark-death-penalty-case-supreme-courts-ruling-continues-to-guide-execution-debate-189365"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#512e2a"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/482104/original/file-20220831-4904-nyopg3.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=0%2C0%2C2185%2C2184&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="482104"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> The execution chamber inside Oklahoma State Penitentiary. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">AP Photo/Sue Ogrocki</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2022-09-01T12:25:12Z" data-format="tc_date"> September 1, 2022 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/50-years-after-landmark-death-penalty-case-supreme-courts-ruling-continues-to-guide-execution-debate-189365">50 years after landmark death penalty case, Supreme Court’s ruling continues to guide execution debate</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/austin-sarat-174772">Austin Sarat</a>, <em>Amherst College</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content"> <span>In 1972, justices handed down a decision that attacked discriminatory and capricious death sentences. But it left the door ajar for states to continue the practice.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="186264" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="Supreme Court reversed almost 200 years of US law and tradition upholding tribal sovereignty in its latest term" href="/supreme-court-reversed-almost-200-years-of-us-law-and-tradition-upholding-tribal-sovereignty-in-its-latest-term-186264"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#24334d"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/474978/original/file-20220719-24-7pe1ty.jpeg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=495%2C0%2C3232%2C3232&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="474978"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation Chuck Hoskin Jr. speaks in Tahlequah, Okla. A U.S. Supreme Court ruling is upending decades of law in support of tribes. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">AP Photo/Michael Woods</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2022-07-21T12:25:16Z" data-format="tc_date"> July 21, 2022 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/supreme-court-reversed-almost-200-years-of-us-law-and-tradition-upholding-tribal-sovereignty-in-its-latest-term-186264">Supreme Court reversed almost 200 years of US law and tradition upholding tribal sovereignty in its latest term</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/kirsten-matoy-carlson-885018">Kirsten Matoy Carlson</a>, <em>Wayne State University</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content"> <span>For the past 50 years, the Supreme Court has issued rulings that narrow tribal rights while Congress has worked to expand them. A recent ruling struck yet another blow against Native sovereignty.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="175726" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="Oklahoma state officials resist Supreme Court ruling affirming tribal authority over American Indian country" href="/oklahoma-state-officials-resist-supreme-court-ruling-affirming-tribal-authority-over-american-indian-country-175726"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#5ea1a6"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/456194/original/file-20220404-19-a8mlv.png?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=1467%2C80%2C831%2C831&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="456194"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> Large portions of Oklahoma are governed, at least in part, by tribal jurisdiction. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">crimsonedge34 via Wikimedia Commons</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2022-04-08T12:32:53Z" data-format="tc_date"> April 8, 2022 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/oklahoma-state-officials-resist-supreme-court-ruling-affirming-tribal-authority-over-american-indian-country-175726">Oklahoma state officials resist Supreme Court ruling affirming tribal authority over American Indian country</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/kirsten-matoy-carlson-885018">Kirsten Matoy Carlson</a>, <em>Wayne State University</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content"> <span>Local governments in Oklahoma are adapting to a 2020 Supreme Court ruling, but state officials have chosen a different path.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="178863" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="Tornadoes, climate change and why Dixie is the new Tornado Alley" href="/tornadoes-climate-change-and-why-dixie-is-the-new-tornado-alley-178863"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#4b4f32"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/450763/original/file-20220308-27-79zxp9.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=285%2C1738%2C2345%2C2345&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="450763"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> The heart of U.S. tornado activity, once Tornado Alley, has shifted eastward. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">Brent Koops/NOAA Weather in Focus Photo Contest 2015</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2022-04-06T18:57:58Z" data-format="tc_date"> April 6, 2022 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/tornadoes-climate-change-and-why-dixie-is-the-new-tornado-alley-178863">Tornadoes, climate change and why Dixie is the new Tornado Alley</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/ernest-agee-1326493">Ernest Agee</a>, <em>Purdue University</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content"> <span>Studies show tornadoes are getting more common and more intense, and they’re shifting eastward to a new tornado hot spot.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="165140" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="The disturbing history of how conservatorships were used to exploit, swindle Native Americans" href="/the-disturbing-history-of-how-conservatorships-were-used-to-exploit-swindle-native-americans-165140"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#424242"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/415537/original/file-20210810-23-uj1h03.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=434%2C0%2C3343%2C3343&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="415537"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> The Osage Nation were once among the wealthiest people in the world. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">FPG/Hulton Archive/Getty Images</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2021-08-13T13:58:42Z" data-format="tc_date"> August 13, 2021 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/the-disturbing-history-of-how-conservatorships-were-used-to-exploit-swindle-native-americans-165140">The disturbing history of how conservatorships were used to exploit, swindle Native Americans</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/andrea-seielstad-1254378">Andrea Seielstad</a>, <em>University of Dayton</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content"> <span>The discovery of oil and gas made members of the Osage Nation among the richest people in the world. But it also made them targets for exploitation.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="151188" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="A forgotten coup in the American heartland echoes Trump" href="/a-forgotten-coup-in-the-american-heartland-echoes-trump-151188"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#717788"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/376075/original/file-20201221-57996-13xg9io.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=497%2C0%2C1276%2C1275&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="376075"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> A bronze statue in Tulsa, Okla., commemorating the abuse and terrorism suffered by Black people in the city, much of it at the hands of the Ku Klux Klan. The KKK successfully overthrew a governor who tried to outlaw the organization. </span> <span class="source" title="Source">(Pexels)</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2021-01-07T01:17:38Z" data-format="tc_date"> January 7, 2021 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/a-forgotten-coup-in-the-american-heartland-echoes-trump-151188">A forgotten coup in the American heartland echoes Trump</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/russell-cobb-387545">Russell Cobb</a>, <em>University of Alberta</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content"> <span>Some downplay seemingly ridiculous white nationalist groups like the Boogaloo Boys at our peril. Looking back at a successful coup engineered by the Ku Klux Klan in Oklahoma shows us why.</span> </div> </article> <article data-id="148966" class="clearfix placed analysis published"> <figure> <a class="article-link" aria-label="Fact check US: Would Joe Biden’s energy plan really cause the loss of 10.3 million jobs in the oil and gas industry?" href="/fact-check-us-would-joe-bidens-energy-plan-really-cause-the-loss-of-10-3-million-jobs-in-the-oil-and-gas-industry-148966"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:100.0%;--background-color:#89726c"><img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/365858/original/file-20201027-19-1o7gpi2.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&rect=90%2C0%2C682%2C682&q=45&auto=format&w=240&h=240&fit=crop" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-id="365858"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption"> Fishermen on the shore by decommissioned oil rigs in Port Aransas, Texas (March 11, 2019). </span> <span class="source" title="Source">Loren Elliott/AFP</span> </figcaption> </figure> <header> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2021-01-24T20:35:12Z" data-format="tc_date"> January 24, 2021 </time> <div class="article--header"> <h2><a href="/fact-check-us-would-joe-bidens-energy-plan-really-cause-the-loss-of-10-3-million-jobs-in-the-oil-and-gas-industry-148966">Fact check US: Would Joe Biden’s energy plan really cause the loss of 10.3 million jobs in the oil and gas industry?</a></h2> <p class="byline"> <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/therese-rebiere-1032905">Thérèse Rebière</a>, <em>Conservatoire national des arts et métiers (CNAM)</em> and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/isabelle-lebon-1034765">Isabelle Lebon</a>, <em>Université de Caen Normandie</em></span> </p> </div> </header> <div class="content"> <span>Republicans claim that Biden’s clean-energy program would mean massive job losses in the oil-and-gas sector. The figures cited are not supported by the facts.</span> </div> </article> </div> <nav class="pagination" role="navigation" aria-label="pager"> <span class="page current"> 1 </span> <span class="page"> <a rel="next" href="/global/topics/oklahoma-16788?page=2">2</a> </span> <span class="next"> <a rel="next" href="/global/topics/oklahoma-16788?page=2"><i class="icon-caret-right" title="Next"></i></a> </span> <span class="last"> <a href="/global/topics/oklahoma-16788?page=2">Last</a> </span> </nav> </section> </div> <div class="grid-six grid-last large-grid-eight"> <div class="grid-six large-grid-four"> <section class="module related-topics topic-list clearfix"> <h3 class="border"> Related Topics <i class="icon-tag"></i> </h3> <ol> <li class="topic-list-item"> <a href="/global/topics/catholic-schools-3288">Catholic schools</a> </li> <li class="topic-list-item"> <a href="/global/topics/charter-schools-7027">Charter schools</a> </li> <li class="topic-list-item"> <a href="/global/topics/climate-change-27">Climate change</a> </li> <li class="topic-list-item"> <a href="/global/topics/first-amendment-17403">First Amendment</a> </li> <li class="topic-list-item"> <a href="/global/topics/native-americans-7853">Native Americans</a> </li> <li class="topic-list-item"> <a href="/global/topics/public-schools-11926">Public schools</a> </li> <li class="topic-list-item"> <a href="/global/topics/religion-and-education-96547">Religion and education</a> </li> <li class="topic-list-item"> <a href="/global/topics/religion-and-society-72761">Religion and society</a> </li> <li class="topic-list-item"> <a href="/global/topics/texas-14161">Texas</a> </li> <li class="topic-list-item"> <a href="/global/topics/us-supreme-court-5362">US Supreme Court</a> </li> </ol> </section> <div class="grid-six large-grid-four grid-last"> <section class="module expert-authors clearfix"> <h3 class="border">Top contributors</h3> <ol class="semantic article-authors"> <li class="vcard" id="author-541476" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a rel="author" itemprop="url" href="/profiles/charles-j-russo-541476"> <img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/avatars/541476/width170/russo_charles_17.jpg" src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/static/tc/author/width170_default-bea415b3a0223821a698f6e3f6d5ab99.jpg" itemprop="image"> <span class="fn author-name" itemprop="name"> Charles J. Russo </span> </a> <p class="role"> Joseph Panzer Chair in Education and Research Professor of Law, University of Dayton </p> </li> <li class="vcard" id="author-174772" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a rel="author" itemprop="url" href="/profiles/austin-sarat-174772"> <img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/avatars/174772/width170/image-20170616-5839-1ekktiz.jpg" src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/static/tc/author/width170_default-bea415b3a0223821a698f6e3f6d5ab99.jpg" itemprop="image"> <span class="fn author-name" itemprop="name"> Austin Sarat </span> </a> <p class="role"> William Nelson Cromwell Professor of Jurisprudence and Political Science, Amherst College </p> </li> <li class="vcard" id="author-885018" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a rel="author" itemprop="url" href="/profiles/kirsten-matoy-carlson-885018"> <img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/avatars/885018/width170/kirsten_matoy_carlson_04-18-1872dpi_.jpg" src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/static/tc/author/width170_default-bea415b3a0223821a698f6e3f6d5ab99.jpg" itemprop="image"> <span class="fn author-name" itemprop="name"> Kirsten Matoy Carlson </span> </a> <p class="role"> Professor of Law and Adjunct Professor of Political Science, Wayne State University </p> </li> <li class="vcard" id="author-387545" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a rel="author" itemprop="url" href="/profiles/russell-cobb-387545"> <img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/avatars/387545/width170/file-20170630-8225-1ifpyvl.jpg" src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/static/tc/author/width170_default-bea415b3a0223821a698f6e3f6d5ab99.jpg" itemprop="image"> <span class="fn author-name" itemprop="name"> Russell Cobb </span> </a> <p class="role"> Associate Professor of Latin American Studies, University of Alberta </p> </li> <li class="vcard" id="author-1515786" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a rel="author" itemprop="url" href="/profiles/karen-hickman-1515786"> <img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/avatars/1515786/width170/karen1.jpg" src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/static/tc/author/width170_default-bea415b3a0223821a698f6e3f6d5ab99.jpg" itemprop="image"> <span class="fn author-name" itemprop="name"> Karen Hickman </span> </a> <p class="role"> Professor and Director of Environmental Science, Oklahoma State University </p> </li> <li class="vcard" id="author-1254378" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a rel="author" itemprop="url" href="/profiles/andrea-seielstad-1254378"> <img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/avatars/1254378/width170/seielstad-andrea.jpg" src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/static/tc/author/width170_default-bea415b3a0223821a698f6e3f6d5ab99.jpg" itemprop="image"> <span class="fn author-name" itemprop="name"> Andrea Seielstad </span> </a> <p class="role"> Professor of Law, University of Dayton </p> </li> <li class="vcard" id="author-1299645" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a rel="author" itemprop="url" href="/profiles/william-gallus-1299645"> <img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/avatars/1299645/width170/gallus.jpg" src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/static/tc/author/width170_default-bea415b3a0223821a698f6e3f6d5ab99.jpg" itemprop="image"> <span class="fn author-name" itemprop="name"> William Gallus </span> </a> <p class="role"> Professor of Atmospheric Science, Iowa State University </p> </li> <li class="vcard" id="author-436364" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a rel="author" itemprop="url" href="/profiles/andreana-prichard-436364"> <img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/avatars/436364/width170/file-20180910-123116-urdm88.jpg" src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/static/tc/author/width170_default-bea415b3a0223821a698f6e3f6d5ab99.jpg" itemprop="image"> <span class="fn author-name" itemprop="name"> Andreana Prichard </span> </a> <p class="role"> Associate Professor of Honors and African History, University of Oklahoma </p> </li> <li class="vcard" id="author-456574" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a rel="author" itemprop="url" href="/profiles/ryan-raul-banagale-456574"> <img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/avatars/456574/width170/image-20240206-20-7e8aqw.jpg" src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/static/tc/author/width170_default-bea415b3a0223821a698f6e3f6d5ab99.jpg" itemprop="image"> <span class="fn author-name" itemprop="name"> Ryan Raul Bañagale </span> </a> <p class="role"> Associate Professor and Chair of Music, Colorado College </p> </li> <li class="vcard" id="author-417128" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a rel="author" itemprop="url" href="/profiles/samantha-penta-417128"> <img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/avatars/417128/width170/image-20171019-1072-wsewec.jpg" src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/static/tc/author/width170_default-bea415b3a0223821a698f6e3f6d5ab99.jpg" itemprop="image"> <span class="fn author-name" itemprop="name"> Samantha Penta </span> </a> <p class="role"> Assistant Professor, College of Emergency Preparedness, Homeland Security and Cybersecurity, University at Albany, State University of New York </p> </li> <li class="vcard" id="author-1388148" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a rel="author" itemprop="url" href="/profiles/torivio-fodder-1388148"> <img alt="" class="lazyload" 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</li> <li class="vcard" id="author-1032905" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a rel="author" itemprop="url" href="/profiles/therese-rebiere-1032905"> <img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/avatars/1032905/width170/image-20220424-14-zt63kt.jpg" src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/static/tc/author/width170_default-bea415b3a0223821a698f6e3f6d5ab99.jpg" itemprop="image"> <span class="fn author-name" itemprop="name"> Thérèse Rebière </span> </a> <p class="role"> Professeur des Universités en économie, Conservatoire national des arts et métiers (CNAM) </p> </li> <li class="vcard" id="author-1135133" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a rel="author" itemprop="url" href="/profiles/dwanna-l-mckay-1135133"> <img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/avatars/1135133/width170/image-20200715-15-cjlsk.jpg" src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/static/tc/author/width170_default-bea415b3a0223821a698f6e3f6d5ab99.jpg" itemprop="image"> <span class="fn author-name" itemprop="name"> Dwanna L. McKay </span> </a> <p class="role"> Assistant Professor of Race, Ethnicity, and Indigenous Studies, Colorado College </p> </li> <li class="vcard" id="author-219046" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a rel="author" itemprop="url" href="/profiles/will-kaufman-219046"> <img alt="" class="lazyload" data-src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/avatars/219046/width170/image-20160111-6981-1wpgik0.jpg" src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/static/tc/author/width170_default-bea415b3a0223821a698f6e3f6d5ab99.jpg" itemprop="image"> <span class="fn author-name" itemprop="name"> Will Kaufman </span> </a> <p class="role"> Professor of American Literature and Culture, University of Central Lancashire </p> </li> </ol> <p class="more"> <a class="button" href="#">More</a> </p> </section> </div> </div> <div class="grid-six large-grid-four grid-last"> <div class="grid-six large-grid-four"> <section class="module social-media actions clearfix"> <h3 class="border 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0!==e.joinArrays?e.joinArrays:this.options.joinArrays,y=!this.i18nFormat||this.i18nFormat.handleAsObject,m=!l(p)&&"boolean"!=typeof p&&"number"!=typeof p;if(!(y&&p&&m&&["[object Number]","[object Function]","[object RegExp]"].indexOf(g)<0)||l(v)&&Array.isArray(p))if(y&&l(v)&&Array.isArray(p))p=p.join(v),p&&(p=this.extendTranslation(p,t,e,n));else{let r=!1,s=!1;const c=void 0!==e.count&&!l(e.count),h=T.hasDefaultValue(e),d=c?this.pluralResolver.getSuffix(u,e.count,e):"",g=e.ordinal&&c?this.pluralResolver.getSuffix(u,e.count,{ordinal:!1}):"",v=c&&!e.ordinal&&0===e.count,y=v&&e[`defaultValue${this.options.pluralSeparator}zero`]||e[`defaultValue${d}`]||e[`defaultValue${g}`]||e.defaultValue;!this.isValidLookup(p)&&h&&(r=!0,p=y),this.isValidLookup(p)||(s=!0,p=i);const m=(e.missingKeyNoValueFallbackToKey||this.options.missingKeyNoValueFallbackToKey)&&s?void 0:p,b=h&&y!==p&&this.options.updateMissing;if(s||r||b){if(this.logger.log(b?"updateKey":"missingKey",u,a,i,b?y:p),o){const t=this.resolve(i,{...e,keySeparator:!1});t&&t.res&&this.logger.warn("Seems the loaded translations were in flat JSON format instead of nested. Either set keySeparator: false on init or make sure your translations are published in nested format.")}let t=[];const n=this.languageUtils.getFallbackCodes(this.options.fallbackLng,e.lng||this.language);if("fallback"===this.options.saveMissingTo&&n&&n[0])for(let e=0;e<n.length;e++)t.push(n[e]);else"all"===this.options.saveMissingTo?t=this.languageUtils.toResolveHierarchy(e.lng||this.language):t.push(e.lng||this.language);const r=(t,n,r)=>{const o=h&&r!==p?r:m;this.options.missingKeyHandler?this.options.missingKeyHandler(t,a,n,o,b,e):this.backendConnector?.saveMissing&&this.backendConnector.saveMissing(t,a,n,o,b,e),this.emit("missingKey",t,a,n,p)};this.options.saveMissing&&(this.options.saveMissingPlurals&&c?t.forEach((t=>{const n=this.pluralResolver.getSuffixes(t,e);v&&e[`defaultValue${this.options.pluralSeparator}zero`]&&n.indexOf(`${this.options.pluralSeparator}zero`)<0&&n.push(`${this.options.pluralSeparator}zero`),n.forEach((n=>{r([t],i+n,e[`defaultValue${n}`]||y)}))})):r(t,i,y))}p=this.extendTranslation(p,t,e,f,n),s&&p===i&&this.options.appendNamespaceToMissingKey&&(p=`${a}:${i}`),(s||r)&&this.options.parseMissingKeyHandler&&(p=this.options.parseMissingKeyHandler(this.options.appendNamespaceToMissingKey?`${a}:${i}`:i,r?p:void 0))}else{if(!e.returnObjects&&!this.options.returnObjects){this.options.returnedObjectHandler||this.logger.warn("accessing an object - but returnObjects options is not enabled!");const t=this.options.returnedObjectHandler?this.options.returnedObjectHandler(h,p,{...e,ns:s}):`key '${i} (${this.language})' returned an object instead of string.`;return r?(f.res=t,f.usedParams=this.getUsedParamsDetails(e),f):t}if(o){const t=Array.isArray(p),n=t?[]:{},r=t?d:h;for(const t in p)if(Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(p,t)){const i=`${r}${o}${t}`;n[t]=this.translate(i,{...e,joinArrays:!1,ns:s}),n[t]===i&&(n[t]=p[t])}p=n}}return r?(f.res=p,f.usedParams=this.getUsedParamsDetails(e),f):p}extendTranslation(t,e,n,r,o){var i=this;if(this.i18nFormat?.parse)t=this.i18nFormat.parse(t,{...this.options.interpolation.defaultVariables,...n},n.lng||this.language||r.usedLng,r.usedNS,r.usedKey,{resolved:r});else if(!n.skipInterpolation){n.interpolation&&this.interpolator.init({...n,interpolation:{...this.options.interpolation,...n.interpolation}});const s=l(t)&&(void 0!==n?.interpolation?.skipOnVariables?n.interpolation.skipOnVariables:this.options.interpolation.skipOnVariables);let a;if(s){const e=t.match(this.interpolator.nestingRegexp);a=e&&e.length}let u=n.replace&&!l(n.replace)?n.replace:n;if(this.options.interpolation.defaultVariables&&(u={...this.options.interpolation.defaultVariables,...u}),t=this.interpolator.interpolate(t,u,n.lng||this.language||r.usedLng,n),s){const e=t.match(this.interpolator.nestingRegexp);a<(e&&e.length)&&(n.nest=!1)}!n.lng&&r&&r.res&&(n.lng=this.language||r.usedLng),!1!==n.nest&&(t=this.interpolator.nest(t,(function(){for(var t=arguments.length,r=new Array(t),s=0;s<t;s++)r[s]=arguments[s];return o?.[0]!==r[0]||n.context?i.translate(...r,e):(i.logger.warn(`It seems you are nesting recursively key: ${r[0]} in key: ${e[0]}`),null)}),n)),n.interpolation&&this.interpolator.reset()}const s=n.postProcess||this.options.postProcess,a=l(s)?[s]:s;return null!=t&&a?.length&&!1!==n.applyPostProcessor&&(t=A.handle(a,t,e,this.options&&this.options.postProcessPassResolved?{i18nResolved:{...r,usedParams:this.getUsedParamsDetails(n)},...n}:n,this)),t}resolve(t){let e,n,r,o,i,s=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:{};return l(t)&&(t=[t]),t.forEach((t=>{if(this.isValidLookup(e))return;const a=this.extractFromKey(t,s),u=a.key;n=u;let c=a.namespaces;this.options.fallbackNS&&(c=c.concat(this.options.fallbackNS));const f=void 0!==s.count&&!l(s.count),p=f&&!s.ordinal&&0===s.count,h=void 0!==s.context&&(l(s.context)||"number"==typeof s.context)&&""!==s.context,d=s.lngs?s.lngs:this.languageUtils.toResolveHierarchy(s.lng||this.language,s.fallbackLng);c.forEach((t=>{this.isValidLookup(e)||(i=t,$[`${d[0]}-${t}`]||!this.utils?.hasLoadedNamespace||this.utils?.hasLoadedNamespace(i)||($[`${d[0]}-${t}`]=!0,this.logger.warn(`key "${n}" for languages "${d.join(", ")}" won't get resolved as namespace "${i}" was not yet loaded`,"This means something IS WRONG in your setup. You access the t function before i18next.init / i18next.loadNamespace / i18next.changeLanguage was done. Wait for the callback or Promise to resolve before accessing it!!!")),d.forEach((n=>{if(this.isValidLookup(e))return;o=n;const i=[u];if(this.i18nFormat?.addLookupKeys)this.i18nFormat.addLookupKeys(i,u,n,t,s);else{let t;f&&(t=this.pluralResolver.getSuffix(n,s.count,s));const e=`${this.options.pluralSeparator}zero`,r=`${this.options.pluralSeparator}ordinal${this.options.pluralSeparator}`;if(f&&(i.push(u+t),s.ordinal&&0===t.indexOf(r)&&i.push(u+t.replace(r,this.options.pluralSeparator)),p&&i.push(u+e)),h){const n=`${u}${this.options.contextSeparator}${s.context}`;i.push(n),f&&(i.push(n+t),s.ordinal&&0===t.indexOf(r)&&i.push(n+t.replace(r,this.options.pluralSeparator)),p&&i.push(n+e))}}let a;for(;a=i.pop();)this.isValidLookup(e)||(r=a,e=this.getResource(n,t,a,s))})))}))})),{res:e,usedKey:n,exactUsedKey:r,usedLng:o,usedNS:i}}isValidLookup(t){return!(void 0===t||!this.options.returnNull&&null===t||!this.options.returnEmptyString&&""===t)}getResource(t,e,n){let r=arguments.length>3&&void 0!==arguments[3]?arguments[3]:{};return this.i18nFormat?.getResource?this.i18nFormat.getResource(t,e,n,r):this.resourceStore.getResource(t,e,n,r)}getUsedParamsDetails(){let t=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{};const e=["defaultValue","ordinal","context","replace","lng","lngs","fallbackLng","ns","keySeparator","nsSeparator","returnObjects","returnDetails","joinArrays","postProcess","interpolation"],n=t.replace&&!l(t.replace);let r=n?t.replace:t;if(n&&void 0!==t.count&&(r.count=t.count),this.options.interpolation.defaultVariables&&(r={...this.options.interpolation.defaultVariables,...r}),!n){r={...r};for(const t of e)delete r[t]}return r}static hasDefaultValue(t){const e="defaultValue";for(const n in t)if(Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(t,n)&&e===n.substring(0,12)&&void 0!==t[n])return!0;return!1}}class I{constructor(t){this.options=t,this.supportedLngs=this.options.supportedLngs||!1,this.logger=E.create("languageUtils")}getScriptPartFromCode(t){if(!(t=L(t))||t.indexOf("-")<0)return null;const e=t.split("-");return 2===e.length?null:(e.pop(),"x"===e[e.length-1].toLowerCase()?null:this.formatLanguageCode(e.join("-")))}getLanguagePartFromCode(t){if(!(t=L(t))||t.indexOf("-")<0)return t;const e=t.split("-");return this.formatLanguageCode(e[0])}formatLanguageCode(t){if(l(t)&&t.indexOf("-")>-1){let e;try{e=Intl.getCanonicalLocales(t)[0]}catch(t){}return e&&this.options.lowerCaseLng&&(e=e.toLowerCase()),e||(this.options.lowerCaseLng?t.toLowerCase():t)}return this.options.cleanCode||this.options.lowerCaseLng?t.toLowerCase():t}isSupportedCode(t){return("languageOnly"===this.options.load||this.options.nonExplicitSupportedLngs)&&(t=this.getLanguagePartFromCode(t)),!this.supportedLngs||!this.supportedLngs.length||this.supportedLngs.indexOf(t)>-1}getBestMatchFromCodes(t){if(!t)return null;let e;return t.forEach((t=>{if(e)return;const n=this.formatLanguageCode(t);this.options.supportedLngs&&!this.isSupportedCode(n)||(e=n)})),!e&&this.options.supportedLngs&&t.forEach((t=>{if(e)return;const n=this.getLanguagePartFromCode(t);if(this.isSupportedCode(n))return e=n;e=this.options.supportedLngs.find((t=>t===n?t:t.indexOf("-")<0&&n.indexOf("-")<0?void 0:t.indexOf("-")>0&&n.indexOf("-")<0&&t.substring(0,t.indexOf("-"))===n||0===t.indexOf(n)&&n.length>1?t:void 0))})),e||(e=this.getFallbackCodes(this.options.fallbackLng)[0]),e}getFallbackCodes(t,e){if(!t)return[];if("function"==typeof t&&(t=t(e)),l(t)&&(t=[t]),Array.isArray(t))return t;if(!e)return t.default||[];let n=t[e];return n||(n=t[this.getScriptPartFromCode(e)]),n||(n=t[this.formatLanguageCode(e)]),n||(n=t[this.getLanguagePartFromCode(e)]),n||(n=t.default),n||[]}toResolveHierarchy(t,e){const n=this.getFallbackCodes(e||this.options.fallbackLng||[],t),r=[],o=t=>{t&&(this.isSupportedCode(t)?r.push(t):this.logger.warn(`rejecting language code not found in supportedLngs: ${t}`))};return l(t)&&(t.indexOf("-")>-1||t.indexOf("_")>-1)?("languageOnly"!==this.options.load&&o(this.formatLanguageCode(t)),"languageOnly"!==this.options.load&&"currentOnly"!==this.options.load&&o(this.getScriptPartFromCode(t)),"currentOnly"!==this.options.load&&o(this.getLanguagePartFromCode(t))):l(t)&&o(this.formatLanguageCode(t)),n.forEach((t=>{r.indexOf(t)<0&&o(this.formatLanguageCode(t))})),r}}const F={zero:0,one:1,two:2,few:3,many:4,other:5},D={select:t=>1===t?"one":"other",resolvedOptions:()=>({pluralCategories:["one","other"]})};class M{constructor(t){let e=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:{};this.languageUtils=t,this.options=e,this.logger=E.create("pluralResolver"),this.pluralRulesCache={}}addRule(t,e){this.rules[t]=e}clearCache(){this.pluralRulesCache={}}getRule(t){let e=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:{};const n=L("dev"===t?"en":t),r=e.ordinal?"ordinal":"cardinal",o=JSON.stringify({cleanedCode:n,type:r});if(o in this.pluralRulesCache)return this.pluralRulesCache[o];let i;try{i=new Intl.PluralRules(n,{type:r})}catch(n){if(!Intl)return this.logger.error("No Intl support, please use an Intl polyfill!"),D;if(!t.match(/-|_/))return D;const r=this.languageUtils.getLanguagePartFromCode(t);i=this.getRule(r,e)}return this.pluralRulesCache[o]=i,i}needsPlural(t){let e=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:{},n=this.getRule(t,e);return n||(n=this.getRule("dev",e)),n?.resolvedOptions().pluralCategories.length>1}getPluralFormsOfKey(t,e){let n=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]?arguments[2]:{};return this.getSuffixes(t,n).map((t=>`${e}${t}`))}getSuffixes(t){let e=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:{},n=this.getRule(t,e);return n||(n=this.getRule("dev",e)),n?n.resolvedOptions().pluralCategories.sort(((t,e)=>F[t]-F[e])).map((t=>`${this.options.prepend}${e.ordinal?`ordinal${this.options.prepend}`:""}${t}`)):[]}getSuffix(t,e){let n=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]?arguments[2]:{};const r=this.getRule(t,n);return r?`${this.options.prepend}${n.ordinal?`ordinal${this.options.prepend}`:""}${r.select(e)}`:(this.logger.warn(`no plural rule found for: ${t}`),this.getSuffix("dev",e,n))}}const V=function(t,e,n){let r=arguments.length>3&&void 0!==arguments[3]?arguments[3]:".",o=!(arguments.length>4&&void 0!==arguments[4])||arguments[4],i=((t,e,n)=>{const r=m(t,n);return void 0!==r?r:m(e,n)})(t,e,n);return!i&&o&&l(n)&&(i=j(t,n,r),void 0===i&&(i=j(e,n,r))),i},U=t=>t.replace(/\$/g,"$$$$");class _{constructor(){let t=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{};this.logger=E.create("interpolator"),this.options=t,this.format=t?.interpolation?.format||(t=>t),this.init(t)}init(){let t=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{};t.interpolation||(t.interpolation={escapeValue:!0});const{escape:e,escapeValue:n,useRawValueToEscape:r,prefix:o,prefixEscaped:i,suffix:s,suffixEscaped:a,formatSeparator:u,unescapeSuffix:c,unescapePrefix:l,nestingPrefix:f,nestingPrefixEscaped:p,nestingSuffix:h,nestingSuffixEscaped:d,nestingOptionsSeparator:g,maxReplaces:v,alwaysFormat:y}=t.interpolation;this.escape=void 0!==e?e:O,this.escapeValue=void 0===n||n,this.useRawValueToEscape=void 0!==r&&r,this.prefix=o?x(o):i||"{{",this.suffix=s?x(s):a||"}}",this.formatSeparator=u||",",this.unescapePrefix=c?"":l||"-",this.unescapeSuffix=this.unescapePrefix?"":c||"",this.nestingPrefix=f?x(f):p||x("$t("),this.nestingSuffix=h?x(h):d||x(")"),this.nestingOptionsSeparator=g||",",this.maxReplaces=v||1e3,this.alwaysFormat=void 0!==y&&y,this.resetRegExp()}reset(){this.options&&this.init(this.options)}resetRegExp(){const t=(t,e)=>t?.source===e?(t.lastIndex=0,t):new RegExp(e,"g");this.regexp=t(this.regexp,`${this.prefix}(.+?)${this.suffix}`),this.regexpUnescape=t(this.regexpUnescape,`${this.prefix}${this.unescapePrefix}(.+?)${this.unescapeSuffix}${this.suffix}`),this.nestingRegexp=t(this.nestingRegexp,`${this.nestingPrefix}(.+?)${this.nestingSuffix}`)}interpolate(t,e,n,r){let o,i,s;const a=this.options&&this.options.interpolation&&this.options.interpolation.defaultVariables||{},u=t=>{if(t.indexOf(this.formatSeparator)<0){const o=V(e,a,t,this.options.keySeparator,this.options.ignoreJSONStructure);return this.alwaysFormat?this.format(o,void 0,n,{...r,...e,interpolationkey:t}):o}const o=t.split(this.formatSeparator),i=o.shift().trim(),s=o.join(this.formatSeparator).trim();return this.format(V(e,a,i,this.options.keySeparator,this.options.ignoreJSONStructure),s,n,{...r,...e,interpolationkey:i})};this.resetRegExp();const c=r?.missingInterpolationHandler||this.options.missingInterpolationHandler,f=void 0!==r?.interpolation?.skipOnVariables?r.interpolation.skipOnVariables:this.options.interpolation.skipOnVariables;return[{regex:this.regexpUnescape,safeValue:t=>U(t)},{regex:this.regexp,safeValue:t=>this.escapeValue?U(this.escape(t)):U(t)}].forEach((e=>{for(s=0;o=e.regex.exec(t);){const n=o[1].trim();if(i=u(n),void 0===i)if("function"==typeof c){const e=c(t,o,r);i=l(e)?e:""}else if(r&&Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(r,n))i="";else{if(f){i=o[0];continue}this.logger.warn(`missed to pass in variable ${n} for interpolating ${t}`),i=""}else l(i)||this.useRawValueToEscape||(i=p(i));const a=e.safeValue(i);if(t=t.replace(o[0],a),f?(e.regex.lastIndex+=i.length,e.regex.lastIndex-=o[0].length):e.regex.lastIndex=0,s++,s>=this.maxReplaces)break}})),t}nest(t,e){let n,r,o,i=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]?arguments[2]:{};const s=(t,e)=>{const n=this.nestingOptionsSeparator;if(t.indexOf(n)<0)return t;const r=t.split(new RegExp(`${n}[ ]*{`));let i=`{${r[1]}`;t=r[0],i=this.interpolate(i,o);const s=i.match(/'/g),a=i.match(/"/g);((s?.length??0)%2==0&&!a||a.length%2!=0)&&(i=i.replace(/'/g,'"'));try{o=JSON.parse(i),e&&(o={...e,...o})}catch(e){return this.logger.warn(`failed parsing options string in nesting for key ${t}`,e),`${t}${n}${i}`}return o.defaultValue&&o.defaultValue.indexOf(this.prefix)>-1&&delete o.defaultValue,t};for(;n=this.nestingRegexp.exec(t);){let a=[];o={...i},o=o.replace&&!l(o.replace)?o.replace:o,o.applyPostProcessor=!1,delete o.defaultValue;let u=!1;if(-1!==n[0].indexOf(this.formatSeparator)&&!/{.*}/.test(n[1])){const t=n[1].split(this.formatSeparator).map((t=>t.trim()));n[1]=t.shift(),a=t,u=!0}if(r=e(s.call(this,n[1].trim(),o),o),r&&n[0]===t&&!l(r))return r;l(r)||(r=p(r)),r||(this.logger.warn(`missed to resolve ${n[1]} for nesting ${t}`),r=""),u&&(r=a.reduce(((t,e)=>this.format(t,e,i.lng,{...i,interpolationkey:n[1].trim()})),r.trim())),t=t.replace(n[0],r),this.regexp.lastIndex=0}return t}}const H=t=>{const e={};return(n,r,o)=>{let i=o;o&&o.interpolationkey&&o.formatParams&&o.formatParams[o.interpolationkey]&&o[o.interpolationkey]&&(i={...i,[o.interpolationkey]:void 0});const s=r+JSON.stringify(i);let a=e[s];return a||(a=t(L(r),o),e[s]=a),a(n)}};class K{constructor(){let t=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{};this.logger=E.create("formatter"),this.options=t,this.formats={number:H(((t,e)=>{const n=new Intl.NumberFormat(t,{...e});return t=>n.format(t)})),currency:H(((t,e)=>{const n=new Intl.NumberFormat(t,{...e,style:"currency"});return t=>n.format(t)})),datetime:H(((t,e)=>{const n=new Intl.DateTimeFormat(t,{...e});return t=>n.format(t)})),relativetime:H(((t,e)=>{const n=new Intl.RelativeTimeFormat(t,{...e});return t=>n.format(t,e.range||"day")})),list:H(((t,e)=>{const n=new Intl.ListFormat(t,{...e});return t=>n.format(t)}))},this.init(t)}init(t){let e=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:{interpolation:{}};this.formatSeparator=e.interpolation.formatSeparator||","}add(t,e){this.formats[t.toLowerCase().trim()]=e}addCached(t,e){this.formats[t.toLowerCase().trim()]=H(e)}format(t,e,n){let r=arguments.length>3&&void 0!==arguments[3]?arguments[3]:{};const o=e.split(this.formatSeparator);if(o.length>1&&o[0].indexOf("(")>1&&o[0].indexOf(")")<0&&o.find((t=>t.indexOf(")")>-1))){const t=o.findIndex((t=>t.indexOf(")")>-1));o[0]=[o[0],...o.splice(1,t)].join(this.formatSeparator)}return o.reduce(((t,e)=>{const{formatName:o,formatOptions:i}=(t=>{let e=t.toLowerCase().trim();const n={};if(t.indexOf("(")>-1){const r=t.split("(");e=r[0].toLowerCase().trim();const o=r[1].substring(0,r[1].length-1);"currency"===e&&o.indexOf(":")<0?n.currency||(n.currency=o.trim()):"relativetime"===e&&o.indexOf(":")<0?n.range||(n.range=o.trim()):o.split(";").forEach((t=>{if(t){const[e,...r]=t.split(":"),o=r.join(":").trim().replace(/^'+|'+$/g,""),i=e.trim();n[i]||(n[i]=o),"false"===o&&(n[i]=!1),"true"===o&&(n[i]=!0),isNaN(o)||(n[i]=parseInt(o,10))}}))}return{formatName:e,formatOptions:n}})(e);if(this.formats[o]){let e=t;try{const s=r?.formatParams?.[r.interpolationkey]||{},a=s.locale||s.lng||r.locale||r.lng||n;e=this.formats[o](t,a,{...i,...r,...s})}catch(t){this.logger.warn(t)}return e}return this.logger.warn(`there was no format function for ${o}`),t}),t)}}class z extends C{constructor(t,e,n){let r=arguments.length>3&&void 0!==arguments[3]?arguments[3]:{};super(),this.backend=t,this.store=e,this.services=n,this.languageUtils=n.languageUtils,this.options=r,this.logger=E.create("backendConnector"),this.waitingReads=[],this.maxParallelReads=r.maxParallelReads||10,this.readingCalls=0,this.maxRetries=r.maxRetries>=0?r.maxRetries:5,this.retryTimeout=r.retryTimeout>=1?r.retryTimeout:350,this.state={},this.queue=[],this.backend?.init?.(n,r.backend,r)}queueLoad(t,e,n,r){const o={},i={},s={},a={};return t.forEach((t=>{let r=!0;e.forEach((e=>{const s=`${t}|${e}`;!n.reload&&this.store.hasResourceBundle(t,e)?this.state[s]=2:this.state[s]<0||(1===this.state[s]?void 0===i[s]&&(i[s]=!0):(this.state[s]=1,r=!1,void 0===i[s]&&(i[s]=!0),void 0===o[s]&&(o[s]=!0),void 0===a[e]&&(a[e]=!0)))})),r||(s[t]=!0)})),(Object.keys(o).length||Object.keys(i).length)&&this.queue.push({pending:i,pendingCount:Object.keys(i).length,loaded:{},errors:[],callback:r}),{toLoad:Object.keys(o),pending:Object.keys(i),toLoadLanguages:Object.keys(s),toLoadNamespaces:Object.keys(a)}}loaded(t,e,n){const r=t.split("|"),o=r[0],i=r[1];e&&this.emit("failedLoading",o,i,e),!e&&n&&this.store.addResourceBundle(o,i,n,void 0,void 0,{skipCopy:!0}),this.state[t]=e?-1:2,e&&n&&(this.state[t]=0);const s={};this.queue.forEach((n=>{((t,e,n,r)=>{const{obj:o,k:i}=v(t,e,Object);o[i]=o[i]||[],o[i].push(n)})(n.loaded,[o],i),((t,e)=>{void 0!==t.pending[e]&&(delete t.pending[e],t.pendingCount--)})(n,t),e&&n.errors.push(e),0!==n.pendingCount||n.done||(Object.keys(n.loaded).forEach((t=>{s[t]||(s[t]={});const e=n.loaded[t];e.length&&e.forEach((e=>{void 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n=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]?arguments[2]:{},r=arguments.length>3?arguments[3]:void 0;if(!this.backend)return this.logger.warn("No backend was added via i18next.use. 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You access the t function before i18next.init / i18next.loadNamespace / i18next.changeLanguage was done. Wait for the callback or Promise to resolve before accessing it!!!")}}const B=()=>({debug:!1,initAsync:!0,ns:["translation"],defaultNS:["translation"],fallbackLng:["dev"],fallbackNS:!1,supportedLngs:!1,nonExplicitSupportedLngs:!1,load:"all",preload:!1,simplifyPluralSuffix:!0,keySeparator:".",nsSeparator:":",pluralSeparator:"_",contextSeparator:"_",partialBundledLanguages:!1,saveMissing:!1,updateMissing:!1,saveMissingTo:"fallback",saveMissingPlurals:!0,missingKeyHandler:!1,missingInterpolationHandler:!1,postProcess:!1,postProcessPassResolved:!1,returnNull:!1,returnEmptyString:!0,returnObjects:!1,joinArrays:!1,returnedObjectHandler:!1,parseMissingKeyHandler:!1,appendNamespaceToMissingKey:!1,appendNamespaceToCIMode:!1,overloadTranslationOptionHandler:t=>{let e={};if("object"==typeof t[1]&&(e=t[1]),l(t[1])&&(e.defaultValue=t[1]),l(t[2])&&(e.tDescription=t[2]),"object"==typeof t[2]||"object"==typeof t[3]){const n=t[3]||t[2];Object.keys(n).forEach((t=>{e[t]=n[t]}))}return e},interpolation:{escapeValue:!0,format:t=>t,prefix:"{{",suffix:"}}",formatSeparator:",",unescapePrefix:"-",nestingPrefix:"$t(",nestingSuffix:")",nestingOptionsSeparator:",",maxReplaces:1e3,skipOnVariables:!0}}),q=t=>(l(t.ns)&&(t.ns=[t.ns]),l(t.fallbackLng)&&(t.fallbackLng=[t.fallbackLng]),l(t.fallbackNS)&&(t.fallbackNS=[t.fallbackNS]),t.supportedLngs?.indexOf?.("cimode")<0&&(t.supportedLngs=t.supportedLngs.concat(["cimode"])),"boolean"==typeof t.initImmediate&&(t.initAsync=t.initImmediate),t),G=()=>{};class J extends C{constructor(){let t=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{},e=arguments.length>1?arguments[1]:void 0;var n;if(super(),this.options=q(t),this.services={},this.logger=E,this.modules={external:[]},n=this,Object.getOwnPropertyNames(Object.getPrototypeOf(n)).forEach((t=>{"function"==typeof n[t]&&(n[t]=n[t].bind(n))})),e&&!this.isInitialized&&!t.isClone){if(!this.options.initAsync)return this.init(t,e),this;setTimeout((()=>{this.init(t,e)}),0)}}init(){var t=this;let e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{},n=arguments.length>1?arguments[1]:void 0;this.isInitializing=!0,"function"==typeof e&&(n=e,e={}),null==e.defaultNS&&e.ns&&(l(e.ns)?e.defaultNS=e.ns:e.ns.indexOf("translation")<0&&(e.defaultNS=e.ns[0]));const r=B();this.options={...r,...this.options,...q(e)},this.options.interpolation={...r.interpolation,...this.options.interpolation},void 0!==e.keySeparator&&(this.options.userDefinedKeySeparator=e.keySeparator),void 0!==e.nsSeparator&&(this.options.userDefinedNsSeparator=e.nsSeparator);const o=t=>t?"function"==typeof t?new t:t:null;if(!this.options.isClone){let e;this.modules.logger?E.init(o(this.modules.logger),this.options):E.init(null,this.options),e=this.modules.formatter?this.modules.formatter:K;const n=new I(this.options);this.store=new N(this.options.resources,this.options);const i=this.services;i.logger=E,i.resourceStore=this.store,i.languageUtils=n,i.pluralResolver=new M(n,{prepend:this.options.pluralSeparator,simplifyPluralSuffix:this.options.simplifyPluralSuffix}),!e||this.options.interpolation.format&&this.options.interpolation.format!==r.interpolation.format||(i.formatter=o(e),i.formatter.init(i,this.options),this.options.interpolation.format=i.formatter.format.bind(i.formatter)),i.interpolator=new _(this.options),i.utils={hasLoadedNamespace:this.hasLoadedNamespace.bind(this)},i.backendConnector=new z(o(this.modules.backend),i.resourceStore,i,this.options),i.backendConnector.on("*",(function(e){for(var n=arguments.length,r=new Array(n>1?n-1:0),o=1;o<n;o++)r[o-1]=arguments[o];t.emit(e,...r)})),this.modules.languageDetector&&(i.languageDetector=o(this.modules.languageDetector),i.languageDetector.init&&i.languageDetector.init(i,this.options.detection,this.options)),this.modules.i18nFormat&&(i.i18nFormat=o(this.modules.i18nFormat),i.i18nFormat.init&&i.i18nFormat.init(this)),this.translator=new T(this.services,this.options),this.translator.on("*",(function(e){for(var n=arguments.length,r=new Array(n>1?n-1:0),o=1;o<n;o++)r[o-1]=arguments[o];t.emit(e,...r)})),this.modules.external.forEach((t=>{t.init&&t.init(this)}))}if(this.format=this.options.interpolation.format,n||(n=G),this.options.fallbackLng&&!this.services.languageDetector&&!this.options.lng){const t=this.services.languageUtils.getFallbackCodes(this.options.fallbackLng);t.length>0&&"dev"!==t[0]&&(this.options.lng=t[0])}this.services.languageDetector||this.options.lng||this.logger.warn("init: no languageDetector is used and no lng is defined");["getResource","hasResourceBundle","getResourceBundle","getDataByLanguage"].forEach((e=>{this[e]=function(){return t.store[e](...arguments)}}));["addResource","addResources","addResourceBundle","removeResourceBundle"].forEach((e=>{this[e]=function(){return t.store[e](...arguments),t}}));const i=f(),s=()=>{const t=(t,e)=>{this.isInitializing=!1,this.isInitialized&&!this.initializedStoreOnce&&this.logger.warn("init: i18next is already initialized. You should call init just once!"),this.isInitialized=!0,this.options.isClone||this.logger.log("initialized",this.options),this.emit("initialized",this.options),i.resolve(e),n(t,e)};if(this.languages&&!this.isInitialized)return t(null,this.t.bind(this));this.changeLanguage(this.options.lng,t)};return this.options.resources||!this.options.initAsync?s():setTimeout(s,0),i}loadResources(t){let e=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:G;const n=l(t)?t:this.language;if("function"==typeof t&&(e=t),!this.options.resources||this.options.partialBundledLanguages){if("cimode"===n?.toLowerCase()&&(!this.options.preload||0===this.options.preload.length))return e();const t=[],r=e=>{if(!e)return;if("cimode"===e)return;this.services.languageUtils.toResolveHierarchy(e).forEach((e=>{"cimode"!==e&&t.indexOf(e)<0&&t.push(e)}))};if(n)r(n);else{this.services.languageUtils.getFallbackCodes(this.options.fallbackLng).forEach((t=>r(t)))}this.options.preload?.forEach?.((t=>r(t))),this.services.backendConnector.load(t,this.options.ns,(t=>{t||this.resolvedLanguage||!this.language||this.setResolvedLanguage(this.language),e(t)}))}else e(null)}reloadResources(t,e,n){const r=f();return"function"==typeof t&&(n=t,t=void 0),"function"==typeof e&&(n=e,e=void 0),t||(t=this.languages),e||(e=this.options.ns),n||(n=G),this.services.backendConnector.reload(t,e,(t=>{r.resolve(),n(t)})),r}use(t){if(!t)throw new Error("You are passing an undefined module! Please check the object you are passing to i18next.use()");if(!t.type)throw new Error("You are passing a wrong module! Please check the object you are passing to i18next.use()");return"backend"===t.type&&(this.modules.backend=t),("logger"===t.type||t.log&&t.warn&&t.error)&&(this.modules.logger=t),"languageDetector"===t.type&&(this.modules.languageDetector=t),"i18nFormat"===t.type&&(this.modules.i18nFormat=t),"postProcessor"===t.type&&A.addPostProcessor(t),"formatter"===t.type&&(this.modules.formatter=t),"3rdParty"===t.type&&this.modules.external.push(t),this}setResolvedLanguage(t){if(t&&this.languages&&!(["cimode","dev"].indexOf(t)>-1))for(let t=0;t<this.languages.length;t++){const e=this.languages[t];if(!(["cimode","dev"].indexOf(e)>-1)&&this.store.hasLanguageSomeTranslations(e)){this.resolvedLanguage=e;break}}}changeLanguage(t,e){var n=this;this.isLanguageChangingTo=t;const r=f();this.emit("languageChanging",t);const o=t=>{this.language=t,this.languages=this.services.languageUtils.toResolveHierarchy(t),this.resolvedLanguage=void 0,this.setResolvedLanguage(t)},i=(t,i)=>{i?(o(i),this.translator.changeLanguage(i),this.isLanguageChangingTo=void 0,this.emit("languageChanged",i),this.logger.log("languageChanged",i)):this.isLanguageChangingTo=void 0,r.resolve((function(){return n.t(...arguments)})),e&&e(t,(function(){return n.t(...arguments)}))},s=e=>{t||e||!this.services.languageDetector||(e=[]);const n=l(e)?e:this.services.languageUtils.getBestMatchFromCodes(e);n&&(this.language||o(n),this.translator.language||this.translator.changeLanguage(n),this.services.languageDetector?.cacheUserLanguage?.(n)),this.loadResources(n,(t=>{i(t,n)}))};return t||!this.services.languageDetector||this.services.languageDetector.async?!t&&this.services.languageDetector&&this.services.languageDetector.async?0===this.services.languageDetector.detect.length?this.services.languageDetector.detect().then(s):this.services.languageDetector.detect(s):s(t):s(this.services.languageDetector.detect()),r}getFixedT(t,e,n){var r=this;const o=function(t,e){let i;if("object"!=typeof e){for(var s=arguments.length,a=new Array(s>2?s-2:0),u=2;u<s;u++)a[u-2]=arguments[u];i=r.options.overloadTranslationOptionHandler([t,e].concat(a))}else i={...e};i.lng=i.lng||o.lng,i.lngs=i.lngs||o.lngs,i.ns=i.ns||o.ns,""!==i.keyPrefix&&(i.keyPrefix=i.keyPrefix||n||o.keyPrefix);const c=r.options.keySeparator||".";let l;return l=i.keyPrefix&&Array.isArray(t)?t.map((t=>`${i.keyPrefix}${c}${t}`)):i.keyPrefix?`${i.keyPrefix}${c}${t}`:t,r.t(l,i)};return l(t)?o.lng=t:o.lngs=t,o.ns=e,o.keyPrefix=n,o}t(){for(var t=arguments.length,e=new Array(t),n=0;n<t;n++)e[n]=arguments[n];return this.translator?.translate(...e)}exists(){for(var t=arguments.length,e=new Array(t),n=0;n<t;n++)e[n]=arguments[n];return this.translator?.exists(...e)}setDefaultNamespace(t){this.options.defaultNS=t}hasLoadedNamespace(t){let e=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:{};if(!this.isInitialized)return this.logger.warn("hasLoadedNamespace: i18next was not 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r=this.options.preload||[],o=t.filter((t=>r.indexOf(t)<0&&this.services.languageUtils.isSupportedCode(t)));return o.length?(this.options.preload=r.concat(o),this.loadResources((t=>{n.resolve(),e&&e(t)})),n):(e&&e(),Promise.resolve())}dir(t){if(t||(t=this.resolvedLanguage||(this.languages?.length>0?this.languages[0]:this.language)),!t)return"rtl";const e=this.services?.languageUtils||new I(B());return["ar","shu","sqr","ssh","xaa","yhd","yud","aao","abh","abv","acm","acq","acw","acx","acy","adf","ads","aeb","aec","afb","ajp","apc","apd","arb","arq","ars","ary","arz","auz","avl","ayh","ayl","ayn","ayp","bbz","pga","he","iw","ps","pbt","pbu","pst","prp","prd","ug","ur","ydd","yds","yih","ji","yi","hbo","men","xmn","fa","jpr","peo","pes","prs","dv","sam","ckb"].indexOf(e.getLanguagePartFromCode(t))>-1||t.toLowerCase().indexOf("-arab")>1?"rtl":"ltr"}static createInstance(){return new J(arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{},arguments.length>1?arguments[1]:void 0)}cloneInstance(){let t=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{},e=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:G;const n=t.forkResourceStore;n&&delete t.forkResourceStore;const r={...this.options,...t,isClone:!0},o=new J(r);void 0===t.debug&&void 0===t.prefix||(o.logger=o.logger.clone(t));if(["store","services","language"].forEach((t=>{o[t]=this[t]})),o.services={...this.services},o.services.utils={hasLoadedNamespace:o.hasLoadedNamespace.bind(o)},n){const t=Object.keys(this.store.data).reduce(((t,e)=>(t[e]={...this.store.data[e]},Object.keys(t[e]).reduce(((n,r)=>(n[r]={...t[e][r]},n)),{}))),{});o.store=new N(t,r),o.services.resourceStore=o.store}return o.translator=new T(o.services,r),o.translator.on("*",(function(t){for(var e=arguments.length,n=new 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