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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Traditional resist-dyed fabric originating in the Ryukyuan Islands in Japan</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bingata.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Fabric decorated with a busy design of diamonds constructed from light green bamboo stems and blue, pink and purple flowers on a white background." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Bingata.jpg/220px-Bingata.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Bingata.jpg/330px-Bingata.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Bingata.jpg/440px-Bingata.jpg 2x" data-file-width="682" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">Bingata</i></span> fabric</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dress_in_Bingata_Stencil_Dyeing,_Okinawa_Main_Island,_Second_Sho_Dynasty,_Ryukyu_Kingdom,_19th_century,_view_1,_bamboo,_crane,_and_plum_design_on_white_ramie_ground,_hemp_-_Tokyo_National_Museum_-_DSC05388.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The back view of a white kimono dyed with bingata." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Dress_in_Bingata_Stencil_Dyeing%2C_Okinawa_Main_Island%2C_Second_Sho_Dynasty%2C_Ryukyu_Kingdom%2C_19th_century%2C_view_1%2C_bamboo%2C_crane%2C_and_plum_design_on_white_ramie_ground%2C_hemp_-_Tokyo_National_Museum_-_DSC05388.JPG/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Dress_in_Bingata_Stencil_Dyeing%2C_Okinawa_Main_Island%2C_Second_Sho_Dynasty%2C_Ryukyu_Kingdom%2C_19th_century%2C_view_1%2C_bamboo%2C_crane%2C_and_plum_design_on_white_ramie_ground%2C_hemp_-_Tokyo_National_Museum_-_DSC05388.JPG/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Dress_in_Bingata_Stencil_Dyeing%2C_Okinawa_Main_Island%2C_Second_Sho_Dynasty%2C_Ryukyu_Kingdom%2C_19th_century%2C_view_1%2C_bamboo%2C_crane%2C_and_plum_design_on_white_ramie_ground%2C_hemp_-_Tokyo_National_Museum_-_DSC05388.JPG/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="5472" /></a><figcaption>19th century <a href="/wiki/Ramie" title="Ramie">ramie</a> Ryukyuan dress showing <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bingata</i></span>-dyed design of bamboo, cranes and plum blossoms</figcaption></figure> <p><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><b>Bingata</b></i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Okinawan_language" title="Okinawan language">Okinawan</a>: <span lang="ryu">紅型</span>, literally "red style") is a traditional stencilled <a href="/wiki/Resist_dyeing" title="Resist dyeing">resist dyeing</a> technique originating in <a href="/wiki/Okinawa_Prefecture" title="Okinawa Prefecture">Okinawa Prefecture</a>. <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">Bingata</i></span> typically features a busy pattern of repeating nature motifs such as fish, flowers and fauna in a number of bright colours. <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">Bingata</i></span> is worn during traditional <a href="/wiki/Ryukyuan_festivals_and_observances" class="mw-redirect" title="Ryukyuan festivals and observances">Ryukyuan festivals</a> and traditional arts performances. </p><p><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">Bingata</i></span> dates from the <a href="/wiki/Ry%C5%ABky%C5%AB_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Ryūkyū Kingdom">Ryūkyū Kingdom</a> period (14th century), when the island of Okinawa experienced an influx of foreign goods and manufacturing techniques. It is believed to have developed as a synthesis of <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indian</a>, <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">Chinese</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Javanese</a> dyeing processes. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Terminology">Terminology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bingata&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Terminology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">bingata</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">紅型</span></span>)</span> was noted in the early 20th century Okinawan usage by Dr. Yoshitaro Kamakura, a Japanese scholar, to refer to painting with dyes.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">Bingata</i></span> was then defined by Kamakura after he had studied the ancient records as connoting cochineal red with <a href="/wiki/Cinnabar" title="Cinnabar">cinnabar</a>, which was imported from <a href="/wiki/Fujian" title="Fujian">Fujian</a>, China.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cinnabar red is the most important colour in the production of <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bingata</i></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kamakura then concluded that the terminology of "applying <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bin</i></span>" eventually began to refer to the colouring of cloth in general, including cochineal, yellow, indigo, and black dyes, which were applied on fabric over a rice-paste resist.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bingata&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The techniques used in <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bingata</i></span> are thought to have originated in Southeast Asia (possibly Java, or perhaps China or India), and arrived in the Ryukyu Kingdom through trade during the 14th century.<sup id="cite_ref-nakai_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nakai-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Ryukyu Kingdom, having a strong trade system between Korea, Japan, China and other Southeast Asian countries in the 15th and 16th centuries,<sup id="cite_ref-nakai_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nakai-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> utilised fabric decoration techniques originating in these countries to create an independent style of dyework featuring nature-inspired designs reflecting the Ryukyu Islands.<sup id="cite_ref-nakai_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nakai-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The abundant flora and fauna gave the resulting fabric a strong natural influence, resulting in the development of the designs typically seen in <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bingata</i></span> today. </p><p>In 1609, Japan invaded the Ryukyu Kingdom, and trade with foreign countries was prohibited. Japan demanded tribute from the Ryukyu people in the form of handicraft production, and its people were forced to produce various fabrics, including the banana fibers cloths known as <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">jofu</i></span> and <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">kafu</i></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-kawakita_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kawakita-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In order to improve the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bingata</i></span> technique, the Ryukyu people invited foreign craftsmen to the island and had their own people travel abroad to master various craft techniques.<sup id="cite_ref-nakai_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nakai-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The goods produced for the Japanese by the Ryukyu people were also judged by an exacting and high standard set by the royal authorities,<sup id="cite_ref-nakai_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nakai-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> resulting in the exported goods reaching a high level of craftsmanship that generated a strong desire for Ryukyu crafts and goods. In a report from a Chinese envoy dated 1802, the writer speaks of the beautiful <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bingata</i></span> from Okinawa, commenting that the flowers depicted in the fabric were so vibrant that the fabric must have been produced using a "production secret that they do not reveal to others".<sup id="cite_ref-kamakura_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kamakura-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pigments used in <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bingata</i></span> were imported from <a href="/wiki/Fujian" title="Fujian">Fukien</a> and used in textile dyeing.<sup id="cite_ref-kamakura_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kamakura-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To achieve the color white, ground chalk or powdered shells were used.<sup id="cite_ref-kamakura_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kamakura-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other colours were achieved using cochineal, vermilion, arsenic, and sulphur. Some patterns used up to 18 different colour applications.<sup id="cite_ref-shuefftan_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shuefftan-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the Ryukyu Kingdom came under Japanese rule, the Ryukyu people could no longer trade for these pigments, and sought new ways to continue with their painting.<sup id="cite_ref-kamakura_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kamakura-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Production of the finer and brighter varieties of <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bingata</i></span> had come to a halt and the workers turned to working with the materials which were readily available.<sup id="cite_ref-kamakura_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kamakura-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Indigo was all that was left, so production for the general public became popular.<sup id="cite_ref-kamakura_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kamakura-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Special permission was given to only three families to produce <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bingata</i></span>. Each family had their own designs which they passed onto future generations.<sup id="cite_ref-bingatadying_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bingatadying-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were a total of 45 dyers, the best residing in the capital of Shuri.<sup id="cite_ref-bingatadying_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bingatadying-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To make the stencils, thin sheets of mulberry paper were glued together with persimmon tannin, making them thick and durable.<sup id="cite_ref-shuefftan_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shuefftan-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Then they were smoked and aged, and finally the designs were drawn onto the paper and cut.<sup id="cite_ref-shuefftan_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shuefftan-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Making <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bingata</i></span> kimono was labour-intensive, and only royalty or the wealthy could afford them. The designs were held under strict control, and the distinction between classes was easily recognized by the kimono worn. Patterns for the royal household were very bold and colorful,<sup id="cite_ref-lerner_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lerner-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the general public wore simple and dark patterns of indigo or black.<sup id="cite_ref-kamakura_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kamakura-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only the royal family wore the yellow, while nobility wore pale blue. On special occasions, the commoners were given permission to wear certain special colors.<sup id="cite_ref-bingata_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bingata-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The women in the royal family were very particular about their kimono, and forbade anyone to copy the same kimono pattern style.<sup id="cite_ref-charles_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-charles-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The patterns painted on the kimono were usually birds, flowers, rivers, and clouds on silk, linen, and <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bashofu</i></span> (a cloth woven from <i><a href="/wiki/Musa_basjoo" title="Musa basjoo">musa basjoo</a></i> fiber).<sup id="cite_ref-gross_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gross-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Okinawa" title="Battle of Okinawa">Battle of Okinawa</a>, much was lost, and production stopped due to the destruction of the shops.<sup id="cite_ref-bingatadying_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bingatadying-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the war, a former <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bingata</i></span> artist, Eiki Shiroma, went to mainland Japan in search of original <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bingata</i></span> stencils which had been taken by collectors and Japanese soldiers.<sup id="cite_ref-bingatadying_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bingatadying-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He found some and brought the art back to life.<sup id="cite_ref-bingatadying_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bingatadying-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/U.S._occupation_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. occupation of Japan">U.S. occupation of Japan</a> saw a new type of customer, and the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bingata</i></span> business flourished while the troops bought bingata postcards as souvenirs.<sup id="cite_ref-charles_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-charles-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eiki Shiroma's son, Eijun Shiroma, is continuing the family tradition as the 15th generation of his family to be practicing the techniques handed down since the time <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bingata</i></span> was produced under the patronage of the Ryukyu Kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-exhibitions2002_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exhibitions2002-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eijun's works can still be seen today at his Shimroma Studio. </p><p>The oldest <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bingata</i></span> piece known was found on the island of <a href="/wiki/Kumejima" class="mw-redirect" title="Kumejima">Kumejima</a> and dates to the late 15th century.<sup id="cite_ref-charles_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-charles-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The dyes for <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bingata</i></span> are made from plants, and include Ryukyuan <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">ai</i></span> (indigo), <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">fukugi</i></span> (a high tree of <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Hypericum erectum</i></span> family), <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">suo</i></span> (<span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Caesalpinia sappan</i></span>) and <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">yamamomo</i></span> (<span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Myrica rubra</i></span>), and as pigment, <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">shoenji</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Cochineal" title="Cochineal">cochineal</a>), <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">shu</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Cinnabar" title="Cinnabar">cinnabar</a>), <span title="Japanese-language text"><i lang="ja-Latn">sekio</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Orpiment" title="Orpiment">orpiment</a>), <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">sumi</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Indian_ink" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian ink">Indian ink</a>) and <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">gofun</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Aleurone" title="Aleurone">aleurone</a>)".<sup id="cite_ref-ryukyubingata_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ryukyubingata-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In recent years, variations of the pigments have been created, and hibiscus, deigo flowers<sup id="cite_ref-wada_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and sugar cane leaves have been used in the designs.<sup id="cite_ref-wada_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Manufacturing_process">Manufacturing process</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bingata&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Manufacturing process"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BingataKobo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A well-lit workshop. A length of white cloth patterned with bingata is stretched along the length of the room, and a person works on it in the background." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/BingataKobo.jpg/220px-BingataKobo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/BingataKobo.jpg/330px-BingataKobo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/BingataKobo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="359" data-file-height="247" /></a><figcaption>A <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bingata kobo</i></span>, or manufacturing facility</figcaption></figure> <p>The production of <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bingata</i></span> is labour-intensive, with it taking three people three days to paint the material for just one kimono, and then a further month to finish it.<sup id="cite_ref-hitchcock_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hitchcock-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bingata</i></span> kimono are hard to come by, hand-made <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bingata</i></span> T-shirts can be found for around $40 and <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">noren</i></span> curtains for around $200. A cotton <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bingata</i></span> kimono can cost about $500 and a silk kimono $1,000.<sup id="cite_ref-hitchcock_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hitchcock-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are ten labour-intensive steps to producing Ryukyu <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bingata</i></span>:<sup id="cite_ref-shuefftan_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shuefftan-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li>Stencil cutting:<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div>Mulberry papers are coated with persimmon tannin and sealed together to form a firm sheet. A design is drawn onto the paper directly or traced from another source. The details are cut with a small blade and afterwards it is coated again to keep it from bending.</li> <li>Stencil resist painting:<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div>A special rice-paste made from boiled rice, rice bran and water is scraped across the top of the stencil on the cloth.</li> <li>Freehand resist painting:<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div>If a large area is needed to be painted, a freehand technique is used to apply the rice-paste resist onto the fabric. The paste is put into a bag and squeezed onto the fabric.</li> <li>Painting:<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div>Prepared paints are painted onto the fabric starting from lighter to darker colours. One design can use from 9 to 18 different colours.</li> <li>Re-painting:<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div>To achieve a more vibrant colour the paints are added once more and this time rubbed into the cloth with a stiff brush made out of human hair.</li> <li>Details:<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div>Details around the edges of each object are added to emphasise the image. Next the fabric is steamed so the colours will set into the fabric and then it is washed.</li> <li>Background resist:<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div>To paint the background a separate colour, the rice-paste resist is now placed on all the previously painted areas.</li> <li>Background painting:<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div>The entire background of the fabric is painted with a wide brush or dipped in a dye bath.</li> <li>Colour setting:<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div>The fabric is set in a steamer for an hour to let the colours set.</li> <li>Washing:<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div>The fabric is washed and dried.</li></ol> <p>An example of <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">bingata</i></span> can be found in The Journal of Decorative and Propaganda Arts.<sup id="cite_ref-mimura_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mimura-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bingata&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMetropolitan_Museum_of_Art1984" class="citation book cs1">Metropolitan Museum of Art (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/11749880"><i>Notable acquisitions, 1983-1984</i></a>. Philippe De Montebello. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. pp. 122–123. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87099-387-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-87099-387-9"><bdi>0-87099-387-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/11749880">11749880</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Notable+acquisitions%2C+1983-1984&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=122-123&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft.date=1984&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F11749880&rft.isbn=0-87099-387-9&rft.au=Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F11749880&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABingata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nakai-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nakai_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nakai_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nakai_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nakai_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nakai_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nakai, T. (1989). Dyeing originated in Okinawa. Mitsumura Suiko Shoin Co., Ltd.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kawakita-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-kawakita_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kyōto Kokuritsu Kindai Bijutsukan, & Kawakita, M. (1978). Craft treasures of Okinawa. Tokyo: Kodansha International.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kamakura-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kamakura_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kamakura_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kamakura_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kamakura_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kamakura_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kamakura_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kamakura_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Yoshitaro Kamakura, <i>Ryukyu bingata</i>, 1958</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-shuefftan-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-shuefftan_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-shuefftan_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-shuefftan_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-shuefftan_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Shuefftan, K. (n.d.). Ryukyu Bingata Dyeing. Association for the Promotion of Traditional Craft Industries. 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Retrieved Aug 2, 2008, from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.kimono.or.jp/dic/eng/11Dye-Okinawa.html">http://www.kimono.or.jp/dic/eng/11Dye-Okinawa.html</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160221063606/http://www.kimono.or.jp/dic/eng/11Dye-Okinawa.html">Archived</a> 2016-02-21 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wada-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wada_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wada_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wada, I. (2003). Kimono Flea Market Ichiroya. Newsletter, No19. 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Retrieved Aug 2, 2008, from JSTOR database.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li>Josef Kreiner. "Ryūkyū." In Grove Art Online. Oxford Art Online, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.oxfordartonline.com/subscriber/article/grove/art/T074794">http://www.oxfordartonline.com/subscriber/article/grove/art/T074794</a> (accessed August 1, 2008).</li> <li>Kawakami, S. (2007). Ryukyu and Ainu Textiles. Kyoto National Museum. Retrieved Aug 3, 2008, from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.kyohaku.go.jp/eng/dictio/data/senshoku/ryui.htm">http://www.kyohaku.go.jp/eng/dictio/data/senshoku/ryui.htm</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181014200524/http://www.kyohaku.go.jp/eng/dictio/data/senshoku/ryui.htm">Archived</a> 2018-10-14 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>Okinawa's Dyed and Woven Textiles - Bingata. (2003). Wonder Okinawa. Retrieved Aug 3, 2008, from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060331065841/http://www.wonder-okinawa.jp/010/eng/002/index.html">https://web.archive.org/web/20060331065841/http://www.wonder-okinawa.jp/010/eng/002/index.html</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bingata&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kijimuna.info/english/englishpage.htm">Bingata Kijimuna</a> <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">Bingata</i></span> painting experience and products</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060331065841/http://www.wonder-okinawa.jp/010/eng/002/index.html"><span 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<li><a href="/wiki/Leheria" class="mw-redirect" title="Leheria">Leheria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mordant" title="Mordant">Mordant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reactive_dye_printing" title="Reactive dye printing">Reactive dye printing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resist_dyeing" title="Resist dyeing">Resist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_dyeing" title="Ring dyeing">Ring dyeing</a></li> <li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/R%C5%8Dketsuzome" title="Rōketsuzome">Rōketsuzome</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shibori" title="Shibori">Shibori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tie-dye" title="Tie-dye">Tie-dye</a></li> <li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Tsutsugaki" title="Tsutsugaki">Tsutsugaki</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%ABzen" title="Yūzen">Yūzen</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Teinture_naturelle_Millepertuis_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Teinture_naturelle_Millepertuis_2.jpg/100px-Teinture_naturelle_Millepertuis_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Teinture_naturelle_Millepertuis_2.jpg/150px-Teinture_naturelle_Millepertuis_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Teinture_naturelle_Millepertuis_2.jpg/200px-Teinture_naturelle_Millepertuis_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="599" data-file-height="799" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types of dyes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dye" title="Dye">Dyes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_dye" title="Natural dye">Natural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acid_dye" title="Acid dye">Acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reactive_dye" title="Reactive dye">Reactive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solvent_dye" title="Solvent dye">Solvent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Substantive_dye" title="Substantive dye">Substantive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulfur_dye" title="Sulfur dye">Sulfur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vat_dye" title="Vat dye">Vat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disperse_dye" title="Disperse dye">Disperse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discharge_printing" title="Discharge printing">Discharge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pigment" title="Pigment">Pigment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Traditional textile dyes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_cochineal" title="Armenian cochineal">Armenian cochineal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juglans_nigra" title="Juglans nigra">Black walnut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanguinaria" title="Sanguinaria">Bloodroot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilin" title="Brazilin">Brazilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cochineal#Dye" title="Cochineal">Cochineal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orcein" title="Orcein">Cudbear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catechu" title="Catechu">Cutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyewoods" title="Dyewoods">Dyewoods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maclura_tinctoria" title="Maclura tinctoria">Fustic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamboge" title="Gamboge">Gamboge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genista_tinctoria" title="Genista tinctoria">Dyer's broom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henna" title="Henna">Henna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigo_dye" title="Indigo dye">Indigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kermes_(dye)" title="Kermes (dye)">Kermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haematoxylum_campechianum" title="Haematoxylum campechianum">Logwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubia" title="Rubia">Madder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_cochineal" title="Polish cochineal">Polish cochineal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saffron" title="Saffron">Saffron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turmeric#Dye" title="Turmeric">Turmeric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyrian_purple" title="Tyrian purple">Tyrian purple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reseda_(plant)" title="Reseda (plant)">Weld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isatis_tinctoria" title="Isatis tinctoria">Woad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trade_and_use_of_saffron" class="mw-redirect" title="Trade and use of saffron">Use of saffron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_dyes_of_the_Scottish_Highlands" title="Traditional dyes of the Scottish Highlands">Traditional dyes of the Scottish Highlands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Craft dyes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dylon" title="Dylon">Dylon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumi_(company)" title="Lumi (company)">Inkodye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procion" title="Procion">Procion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rit_(dye)" title="Rit (dye)">Rit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reference</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_dyeing_terms" title="Glossary of dyeing terms">Glossary of dyeing terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dyes" title="List of dyes">List of dyes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Fabric" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Textile" title="Template:Textile"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Textile" title="Template talk:Textile"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Textile" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Textile"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Fabric" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Textile" title="Textile">Fabric</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Woven_fabric" title="Woven fabric">Woven</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abac%C3%A1#Textiles" title="Abacá">Abacá cloth</a> (Medriñaque)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aertex" title="Aertex">Aertex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armazine" title="Armazine">Armazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almer%C3%ADan_silk" title="Almerían silk">Almerían silk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barathea" title="Barathea">Barathea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barkcloth" title="Barkcloth">Barkcloth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batiste" class="mw-redirect" title="Batiste">Batiste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedford_cord" title="Bedford cord">Bedford cord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengaline" title="Bengaline">Bengaline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta_cloth" title="Beta cloth">Beta cloth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombazine" title="Bombazine">Bombazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brilliantine_(fabric)" title="Brilliantine (fabric)">Brilliantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadcloth" title="Broadcloth">Broadcloth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckram" title="Buckram">Buckram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunting_(textile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bunting (textile)">Bunting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hessian_fabric" title="Hessian fabric">Burlap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byrd_Cloth" title="Byrd Cloth">Byrd Cloth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C_change" title="C change">C change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calico" title="Calico">Calico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambric" title="Cambric">Cambric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canvas" title="Canvas">Canvas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambric" title="Cambric">Chambray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capilene" class="mw-redirect" title="Capilene">Capilene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cedar_bark_textile" title="Cedar bark textile">Cedar bark textile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Challis_(fabric)" title="Challis (fabric)">Challis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Char_cloth" title="Char cloth">Char cloth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charmeuse" title="Charmeuse">Charmeuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charvet_(fabric)" title="Charvet (fabric)">Charvet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheesecloth" title="Cheesecloth">Cheesecloth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiffon_(fabric)" title="Chiffon (fabric)">Chiffon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chino_cloth" title="Chino cloth">Chino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chintz" title="Chintz">Chintz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloqu%C3%A9" title="Cloqué">Cloqué</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloth_of_gold" title="Cloth of gold">Cloth of gold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cordura" title="Cordura">Cordura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corduroy" title="Corduroy">Corduroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotton_duck" title="Cotton duck">Cotton duck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coutil" title="Coutil">Coutil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cr%C3%AApe_(textile)" title="Crêpe (textile)">Crêpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cretonne" title="Cretonne">Cretonne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denim" title="Denim">Denim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimity" title="Dimity">Dimity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donegal_tweed" title="Donegal tweed">Donegal tweed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornix" title="Dornix">Dornix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dowlas" title="Dowlas">Dowlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drill_(fabric)" title="Drill (fabric)">Drill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drugget" title="Drugget">Drugget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eolienne" title="Eolienne">Eolienne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flannel" title="Flannel">Flannel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foulard" title="Foulard">Foulard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fustian" title="Fustian">Fustian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabardine" title="Gabardine">Gabardine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gauze" title="Gauze">Gauze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gazar" title="Gazar">Gazar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgette_(fabric)" title="Georgette (fabric)">Georgette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghalamkar" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghalamkar">Ghalamkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gingham" title="Gingham">Gingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenadine_(cloth)" title="Grenadine (cloth)">Grenadine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenfell_Cloth" class="mw-redirect" title="Grenfell Cloth">Grenfell Cloth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grosgrain" title="Grosgrain">Grosgrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habutai" title="Habutai">Habutai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haircloth" title="Haircloth">Haircloth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harris_tweed" title="Harris tweed">Harris tweed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herringbone_(cloth)" title="Herringbone (cloth)">Herringbone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himroo" title="Himroo">Himroo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hodden" title="Hodden">Hodden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_linen" title="Irish linen">Irish linen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamdani" title="Jamdani">Jamdani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerseymere" title="Kerseymere">Kerseymere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh%C4%81d%C4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Khādī">Khādī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaki_drill" title="Khaki drill">Khaki drill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kij%C5%8Dka-bash%C5%8Dfu" title="Kijōka-bashōfu">Kijōka-bashōfu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kente_cloth" title="Kente cloth">Kente cloth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lam%C3%A9_(fabric)" title="Lamé (fabric)">Lamé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawn_cloth" title="Lawn cloth">Lawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linsey-woolsey" title="Linsey-woolsey">Linsey-woolsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loden_cape" title="Loden cape">Loden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longcloth" title="Longcloth">Longcloth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mackinaw_cloth" title="Mackinaw cloth">Mackinaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madapollam" title="Madapollam">Madapollam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madras_(cloth)" title="Madras (cloth)">Madras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moleskin" title="Moleskin">Moleskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslin" title="Muslin">Muslin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nainsook" title="Nainsook">Nainsook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nankeen" title="Nankeen">Nankeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninon" title="Ninon">Ninon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oilskin" title="Oilskin">Oilskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organdy" title="Organdy">Organdy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organza" title="Organza">Organza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osnaburg" title="Osnaburg">Osnaburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_(textile)" title="Ottoman (textile)">Ottoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_(cloth)" title="Oxford (cloth)">Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paduasoy" title="Paduasoy">Paduasoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percale" title="Percale">Percale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpetuana" title="Perpetuana">Perpetuana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pongee" title="Pongee">Pongee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poplin" title="Poplin">Poplin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rakematiz" title="Rakematiz">Rakematiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rayadillo" title="Rayadillo">Rayadillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rep_(fabric)" title="Rep (fabric)">Rep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripstop" title="Ripstop">Ripstop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_cord" title="Russell cord">Russell cord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saga_Nishiki" title="Saga Nishiki">Saga Nishiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samite" title="Samite">Samite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sateen" title="Sateen">Sateen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satin" title="Satin">Satin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saye" title="Saye">Saye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scarlet_(cloth)" title="Scarlet (cloth)">Scarlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seerhand_muslin" title="Seerhand muslin">Seerhand muslin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seersucker" title="Seersucker">Seersucker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sendal" title="Sendal">Sendal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serge_(fabric)" title="Serge (fabric)">Serge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrim_(material)" title="Scrim (material)">Scrim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shot_silk" title="Shot silk">Shot silk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuff_(cloth)" title="Stuff (cloth)">Stuff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taffeta" title="Taffeta">Taffeta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tais" title="Tais">Tais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartan" title="Tartan">Tartan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ticking" title="Ticking">Ticking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toile" title="Toile">Toile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tucuyo" title="Tucuyo">Tucuyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tweed" title="Tweed">Tweed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twill" title="Twill">Twill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultrasuede" title="Ultrasuede">Ultrasuede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetable_flannel" title="Vegetable flannel">Vegetable flannel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventile" title="Ventile">Ventile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinyl_coated_polyester" title="Vinyl coated polyester">Vinyl coated polyester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viyella" title="Viyella">Viyella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voile" title="Voile">Voile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadmal" title="Wadmal">Wadmal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waffle_fabric" title="Waffle fabric">Waffle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wigan_(fabric)" title="Wigan (fabric)">Wigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whipcord" title="Whipcord">Whipcord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zephyr_cloth" class="mw-redirect" title="Zephyr cloth">Zephyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zorbeez" title="Zorbeez">Zorbeez</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Figured <br />woven</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brocade" title="Brocade">Brocade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camlet" title="Camlet">Camlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damask" title="Damask">Damask</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampas" title="Lampas">Lampas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songket" title="Songket">Songket</a></li> <li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Rinzu" title="Rinzu">Rinzu</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pile_(textile)" title="Pile (textile)">Pile woven</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baize" title="Baize">Baize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chenille_fabric" title="Chenille fabric">Chenille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corduroy" title="Corduroy">Corduroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimplene" title="Crimplene">Crimplene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fustian" title="Fustian">Fustian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mockado" title="Mockado">Mockado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moquette" title="Moquette">Moquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plush" title="Plush">Plush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polar_fleece" title="Polar fleece">Polar fleece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrycloth" title="Terrycloth">Terrycloth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velours_du_Kasa%C3%AF" title="Velours du Kasaï">Velours du Kasaï</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velvet" title="Velvet">Velvet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velveteen" title="Velveteen">Velveteen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zibeline" title="Zibeline">Zibeline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nonwoven_fabric" title="Nonwoven fabric">Nonwoven</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Felt" title="Felt">Felt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cedar_bark_textile" title="Cedar bark textile">Cedar bark</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Knitted_fabric" title="Knitted fabric">Knitted</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boiled_wool" title="Boiled wool">Boiled wool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coolmax" title="Coolmax">Coolmax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knitting_machine" title="Knitting machine">Machine knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milliskin" title="Milliskin">Milliskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey_(fabric)" title="Jersey (fabric)">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velour" title="Velour">Velour</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Net_(textile)" title="Net (textile)">Netted</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bobbinet" title="Bobbinet">Bobbinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_fibers" title="Carbon fibers">Carbon fibers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lace" title="Lace">Lace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesh" title="Mesh">Mesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needlerun_net" title="Needlerun net">Needlerun net</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninon" title="Ninon">Ninon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulle_netting" class="mw-redirect" title="Tulle netting">Tulle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Technical_textile" title="Technical textile">Technical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballistic_nylon" title="Ballistic nylon">Ballistic nylon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ban-Lon" title="Ban-Lon">Ban-Lon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conductive_textile" title="Conductive textile">Conductive textile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darlexx" title="Darlexx">Darlexx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-textiles" title="E-textiles">E-textiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gannex" title="Gannex">Gannex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gore-Tex" title="Gore-Tex">Gore-Tex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenticular_fabric" title="Lenticular fabric">Lenticular fabric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silnylon" title="Silnylon">Silnylon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spandex" title="Spandex">Spandex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stub-tex" class="mw-redirect" title="Stub-tex">Stub-tex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SympaTex" class="mw-redirect" title="SympaTex">SympaTex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windstopper" title="Windstopper">Windstopper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Patterns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argyle_(pattern)" title="Argyle (pattern)">Argyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bizarre_silk" title="Bizarre silk">Bizarre silk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Check_(pattern)" title="Check (pattern)">Check</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warp_printing" title="Warp printing">Chiné</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glen_plaid" title="Glen plaid">Glen plaid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herringbone_(cloth)" title="Herringbone (cloth)">Herringbone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houndstooth" title="Houndstooth">Houndstooth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelsch_d%27Alsace" title="Kelsch d'Alsace">Kelsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paisley_(design)" title="Paisley (design)">Paisley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinstripes" title="Pinstripes">Pinstripes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polka_dot" title="Polka dot">Polka dot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shweshwe" title="Shweshwe">Shweshwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartan" title="Tartan">Tartan or plaid</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tattersall_(cloth)" title="Tattersall (cloth)">Tattersall</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fiber" title="Fiber">Textile fibers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abac%C3%A1" title="Abacá">Abacá</a> (Manila hemp)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acrylic_fiber" title="Acrylic fiber">Acrylic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpaca_fiber" title="Alpaca fiber">Alpaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angora_wool" title="Angora wool">Angora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musa_basjoo" title="Musa basjoo">Bashō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cashmere_wool" title="Cashmere wool">Cashmere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coir" title="Coir">Coir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotton" title="Cotton">Cotton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisengarn" title="Eisengarn">Eisengarn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemp" title="Hemp">Hemp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jute" title="Jute">Jute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevlar" title="Kevlar">Kevlar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linen" title="Linen">Linen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohair" title="Mohair">Mohair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nylon" title="Nylon">Nylon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microfiber" title="Microfiber">Microfiber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olefin_fiber" title="Olefin fiber">Olefin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashmina" class="mw-redirect" title="Pashmina">Pashmina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyester" title="Polyester">Polyester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi%C3%B1a" title="Piña">Piña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramie" title="Ramie">Ramie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rayon" title="Rayon">Rayon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_silk" title="Sea silk">Sea silk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silk" title="Silk">Silk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisal" title="Sisal">Sisal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spandex" title="Spandex">Spandex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spider_silk" title="Spider silk">Spider silk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wool" title="Wool">Wool</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Finishing_(textiles)" title="Finishing (textiles)">Finishing</a> and<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><a href="/wiki/Textile_printing" title="Textile printing">printing</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Androsia" title="Androsia">Androsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batik" title="Batik">Batik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beetling" title="Beetling">Beetling</a></li> <li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bingata</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B2g%C3%B2lanfini" title="Bògòlanfini">Bògòlanfini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devor%C3%A9" title="Devoré">Burnout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendering_(textiles)" title="Calendering (textiles)">Calendering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decatising" title="Decatising">Decatising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devor%C3%A9" title="Devoré">Devoré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finishing_(textiles)" title="Finishing (textiles)">Finishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulling" title="Fulling">Fulling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heatsetting" title="Heatsetting">Heatsetting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indienne" title="Indienne">Indienne</a></li> <li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Kasuri" title="Kasuri">Kasuri</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Katazome" title="Katazome">Katazome</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercerised_cotton" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercerised cotton">Mercerization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moire_(fabric)" title="Moire (fabric)">Moire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nap_(textile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nap (textile)">Nap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parchmentising" title="Parchmentising">Parchmentising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogan_printing" class="mw-redirect" title="Rogan printing">Rogan printing</a></li> <li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/R%C5%8Dketsuzome" title="Rōketsuzome">Rōketsuzome</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_printing_on_textiles" title="Roller printing on textiles">Roller printing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanforization" title="Sanforization">Sanforization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenterhook" title="Tenterhook">Tenterhook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_printing" title="Textile printing">Textile printing</a></li> <li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Tsutsugaki" title="Tsutsugaki">Tsutsugaki</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warp_printing" title="Warp printing">Warp printing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waxed_cotton" title="Waxed cotton">Waxed cotton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodblock_printing_on_textiles" title="Woodblock printing on textiles">Woodblock printing</a></li> <li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%ABzen" title="Yūzen">Yūzen</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fabric mills</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Barbera" title="Carlo Barbera">Carlo Barbera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanificio_Fratelli_Cerruti" title="Lanificio Fratelli Cerruti">Cerruti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dormeuil" title="Dormeuil">Dormeuil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._Thomas" title="E. Thomas">E. Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holland_%26_Sherry" title="Holland & Sherry">Holland & Sherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larusmiani" title="Larusmiani">Larusmiani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loro_Piana" title="Loro Piana">Loro Piana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fratelli_Piacenza" title="Fratelli Piacenza"> Piacenza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reda_(fabric_mill)" title="Reda (fabric mill)">Reda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scabal" title="Scabal">Scabal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitale_Barberis_Canonico" title="Vitale Barberis Canonico">Vitale Barberis Canonico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zegna" title="Zegna">Zegna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manufacturing<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div>industry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Textile_design" title="Textile design">Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_manufacturing" title="Textile manufacturing">Manufacturing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_performance" title="Textile performance">Performance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_preservation" class="mw-redirect" title="Textile preservation">Preservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_recycling" title="Textile recycling">Recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_textile_manufacturing" title="Glossary of textile manufacturing">Terminology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dyeing" title="Dyeing">Dyeing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiber" title="Fiber">Fiber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_clothing_and_textiles" title="History of clothing and textiles">History of textiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_silk" title="History of silk">History of silk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knitting" title="Knitting">Knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulling_mill" class="mw-redirect" title="Fulling mill">Pandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrinkage_(fabric)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shrinkage (fabric)">Shrinkage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_sample" title="Textile sample">Swatches and strike-offs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synthetic_fabric" class="mw-redirect" title="Synthetic fabric">Synthetic fabric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weaving" title="Weaving">Weaving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarn" title="Yarn">Yarn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4914169#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/01040010">Japan</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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