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developmental age</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: developmental age"> <meta name="keywords" content="developmental age"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="developmental age"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 661</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: developmental age</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">661</span> Developmental Social Work: A Derailed Post-Apartheid Development Approach in South Africa </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Mbecke">P. Mbecke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Developmental social welfare implemented through developmental social work is being applauded internationally as an approach that facilitates social development theory and practice. However, twenty-two years into democracy, there are no tangible evidences that the much-desired developmental social welfare approach has assisted the post-apartheid macroeconomic policy frameworks in addressing poverty and inequality, thus, the derailment of the post-apartheid development approach in South Africa. Based on the implementation research theory, and the literature review technique, this paper recognizes social work as a principal role-player in social development. It recommends the redesign and implementation of an effective developmental social welfare approach with specific strategies, programs, activities and sufficient resources aligned to and appropriate in delivering on the promises of the government’s macroeconomic policy frameworks. Such approach should be implemented by skilled and dedicated developmental social workers in order to achieve transformation in South Africa. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apartheid" title="apartheid">apartheid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developmental%20social%20welfare" title=" developmental social welfare"> developmental social welfare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developmental%20social%20work" title=" developmental social work"> developmental social work</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inequality" title=" inequality"> inequality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poverty%20alleviation" title=" poverty alleviation"> poverty alleviation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20development" title=" social development"> social development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=South%20Africa" title=" South Africa"> South Africa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53949/developmental-social-work-a-derailed-post-apartheid-development-approach-in-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53949.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">660</span> Developmental Delays among Children with Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simplejit%20Kaur%20Dhanoa">Simplejit Kaur Dhanoa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manmohan%20Singh"> Manmohan Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was done with the primary objective to evaluate the motor and mental developmental delays among children having neonatal Jaundice. A total sample of 300 neonates were collected; out of them, 150 were preterm neonates, and 150 were full term neonates from the hospital setting and follow up study was done with the help of the Developmental Assessment scale of the Indian Infant. The registered samples were assessed up to 2.6 years with a gap of 6 months. The outcomes of this study reveal that developmental delays were present among children who had preterm neonatal jaundice as compare to full term normal babies. Further, It was reported that both motor and mental development is affected due to neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in addition to preterm birth. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperbinirubinemia" title="hyperbinirubinemia">hyperbinirubinemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preterm%20neonates" title=" preterm neonates"> preterm neonates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developmental%20delays" title=" developmental delays"> developmental delays</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preterm" title=" preterm"> preterm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141649/developmental-delays-among-children-with-neonatal-hyperbilirubinemia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141649.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">659</span> Care and Support for Infants and Toddlers with Special Needs </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Florence%20A.%20Undiyaundeye">Florence A. Undiyaundeye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aniashie%20Akpanke"> Aniashie Akpanke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Early identification of developmental disorders in infants and toddlers is critical for the well being of children. It is also an integral function of the primary care medical provider and the early care given in the home or crèche. This paper is focused at providing information on special need infants and toddlers and strategies to support them in developmental concern to cope with the challenges in and out of the classroom and to interact with their peers without stigmatization and inferiority complex. The target children are from birth through three years of age. There is a strong recommendation for developmental surveillance to be incorporated at every well child preventive care program in training and practical stage of formal school settings. The paper posits that any concerns raised during surveillance should be promptly addressed with standardized developmental screening by appropriate health service providers. In addition screening tests should be administered regularly at age 9+, 19+ and 30 months of these infants. The paper also establishes that the early identification of these developmental challenges of the infants and toddlers should lead to further developmental and medical evaluation, diagnosis and treatment, including early developmental school intervention, control and teaching and learning integration and inclusion for proper career build up. Children diagnosed with developmental disorders should be identified as children with special needs so that management is initiated and its underlying etiology may also drive a range of treatment of the child, to parents. Conselling and school integration as applicable to the child’s specific need and care for sustenance in societal functioning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=care" title="care">care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=special%20need" title=" special need"> special need</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=support" title=" support"> support</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infants%20and%20toddlers" title=" infants and toddlers"> infants and toddlers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management%20and%20developmental%20disorders" title=" management and developmental disorders"> management and developmental disorders</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15131/care-and-support-for-infants-and-toddlers-with-special-needs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15131.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">658</span> National Projects' Impact on the Regional Division</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mosaad%20Hamouda">Mosaad Hamouda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamal%20Khalaf"> Kamal Khalaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zaker%20Mousa"> Zaker Mousa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> National projects are considered Egypt's future vision in investing its various resources and the best way to bring about a developmental renaissance that constitutes a quantum leap because of its developmental impact on the planning regions, which it achieves in attracting and localizing investments to achieve urban development, and what this has a noticeable impact on dividing those regions in order to achieve a developmental balance or at least reduce the severity of the disparities between them, by measuring the impact of these projects, which appear in the per capita share of the various developmental variables, and also analyzing global and local experiences so that a balanced division of the country’s regions can be reached, and the research finds a set of planning foundations that are compatible with the settlement of these national projects in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20projects" title="national projects">national projects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20development" title=" regional development"> regional development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=division%20of%20regions" title=" division of regions"> division of regions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development%20disparities" title=" development disparities"> development disparities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174332/national-projects-impact-on-the-regional-division" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174332.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">126</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">657</span> Evaluation of Developmental Toxicity and Teratogenicity of Perfluoroalkyl Compounds Using FETAX</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun-Kyung%20Lee">Hyun-Kyung Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jehyung%20Oh"> Jehyung Oh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young%20Eun%20Jeong"> Young Eun Jeong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun-Shik%20Lee"> Hyun-Shik Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Perfluoroalkyl compounds (PFCs) are environmental toxicants that persistently accumulate in the human blood. Their widespread detection and accumulation in the environment raise concerns about whether these chemicals might be developmental toxicants and teratogens in the ecosystem. We evaluated and compared the toxicity of PFCs of containing various numbers of carbon atoms (C8-11 carbons) on vertebrate embryogenesis. We assessed the developmental toxicity and teratogenicity of various PFCs. The toxic effects on Xenopus embryos were evaluated using different methods. We measured teratogenic indices (TIs) and investigated the mechanisms underlying developmental toxicity and teratogenicity by measuring the expression of organ-specific biomarkers such as xPTB (liver), Nkx2.5 (heart), and Cyl18 (intestine). All PFCs that we tested were found to be developmental toxicants and teratogens. Their toxic effects were strengthened with increasing length of the fluorinated carbon chain. Furthermore, we produced evidence showing that perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFuDA) are more potent developmental toxicants and teratogens in an animal model compared to the other PFCs we evaluated [perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA)]. In particular, severe defects resulting from PFDA and PFuDA exposure were observed in the liver and heart, respectively, using the whole mount in situ hybridization, real-time PCR, pathologic analysis of the heart, and dissection of the liver. Our studies suggest that most PFCs are developmental toxicants and teratogens, however, compounds that have higher numbers of carbons (i.e., PFDA and PFuDA) exert more potent effects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PFC" title="PFC">PFC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=xenopus" title=" xenopus"> xenopus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fetax" title=" fetax"> fetax</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46966/evaluation-of-developmental-toxicity-and-teratogenicity-of-perfluoroalkyl-compounds-using-fetax" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46966.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">352</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">656</span> A Study on How Newlyweds Handle the Difference with Parents on Wedding Arrangements and Its Implication for Services in Hong Kong</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20M.%20Yuen">K. M. Yuen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research examined the literature review of wedding preparation’s challenges and its developmental tasks of family transition under family life cycle. Five interviewees were invited to share their experiences on the differences with their parents in regard to wedding preparations and coping strategies. Some coping strategies and processes were highlighted for facilitating the family to achieve the developmental tasks during the wedding preparation. However, those coping strategies and processes may only act as the step and the behavior, while “concern towards parents” was found to be the essential element behind these behaviors. In addition to pre-marital counseling, a developmental group was suggested to develop under the framework of family life cycle and its related coping strategies on working with the newlyweds who encountered intergenerational differences in regard to their wedding preparations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wedding%20preparation" title="wedding preparation">wedding preparation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=difference" title=" difference"> difference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parents" title=" parents"> parents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%20life%20cycle" title=" family life cycle"> family life cycle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developmental%20tasks" title=" developmental tasks"> developmental tasks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coping%20strategies" title=" coping strategies"> coping strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process" title=" process"> process</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75012/a-study-on-how-newlyweds-handle-the-difference-with-parents-on-wedding-arrangements-and-its-implication-for-services-in-hong-kong" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75012.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">655</span> Maturity Status of Male Boys in Punjab - India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parminder%20K.%20Laroiya">Parminder K. Laroiya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sukhdeep%20S.%20Kang"> Sukhdeep S. Kang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Present cross-sectional study was conducted on 610 boys (ranging in age bracket of 11 to 17 years) to assess their developmental age to check percentage of early, normal and late maturity among them, and to check whether there is any significant difference in their calendar age and developmental age. Developmental age of these subjects has been accessed by TW2 method (using hand wrist X-rays) and their chronological age was checked from their date of birth certificate. Developmental status of subjects i.e. early, normal or late mature was considered with +2 years or -2 years from their calendar age. Results of this study shows that 50% boys were normal in their maturity status in all age brackets and rest of subjects were either early maturers 24.92% or late maturers 25.08%. When pattern of maturity was studied in each age group it has been found that till the age of 15 years, percentage of normal maturity was less than 50 % whereas in 16 and 17 years age groups, this percentage of normal maturity increased to 60% - 65 % ( this may be because at this age mostly boys attain adolescence) Further investigation of each age group showed that till the age of 14 years percentage of late maturity among these boys were approximately 35% to 40% whereas early maturity lies between 15% to 20%. It has been found from the present study that at the age of 15 years, there is a twist among percentage of late and early maturity among boys-early maturers are 38.61% and late maturers are 16.84%. At the age of 16 and 17 years percentage of late maturity has been decreased to 3% to 6%, whereas percentage of early maturity increased to 35.64 % and 30.69 % respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maturity%20status" title="maturity status">maturity status</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developmental%20age" title=" developmental age"> developmental age</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronological%20age" title=" chronological age"> chronological age</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X-rays" title=" X-rays"> X-rays</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171610/maturity-status-of-male-boys-in-punjab-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171610.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">654</span> An Online Master's Degree Program for the Preparation of Adapted Physical Education Teachers for Children with Significant Developmental Disabilities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiabei%20Zhang">Jiabei Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Online programs developed for preparing qualified teachers have significantly increased over the years in the United States of America (USA). However, no online graduate programs for training adapted physical education (APE) teachers for children with significant developmental disabilities are currently available in the USA. The purpose of this study was to develop an online master’s degree program for the preparation of APE teachers to serve children with significant developmental disabilities. The characteristics demonstrated by children with significant developmental disabilities, the competencies required for certified APE teachers, and the evidence-based positive behavioral interventions (PBI) documented for teaching children with significant developmental disabilities were fully reviewed in this study. An online graduate program with 14 courses for 42 credit hours (3 credit hours per course) was then developed for training APE teachers to serve children with significant developmental disabilities. Included in this online program are five components: (a) 2 capstone courses, (b) 4 APE courses, (c) 4 PBI course, (d) 2 elective courses, and (e) 2 capstone courses. All courses will be delivered online through Desire2Learn administered by the Extended University Programs at Western Michigan University (WMU). An applicant who has a bachelor’s degree in physical education or special education is eligible for this proposed program. A student enrolled in this program is expected to complete all courses in 2.5 years while staying in their local area. This program will be submitted to the WMU curriculum committee for approval in the fall of 2018. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adapted%20physical%20education" title="adapted physical education">adapted physical education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20program" title=" online program"> online program</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%20preparation" title=" teacher preparation"> teacher preparation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=and%20significant%20disabilities" title=" and significant disabilities"> and significant disabilities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92639/an-online-masters-degree-program-for-the-preparation-of-adapted-physical-education-teachers-for-children-with-significant-developmental-disabilities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92639.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">653</span> Transcriptome Analysis of Protestia brevitarsis seulensis with Focus On Wing Development and Metamorphosis in Developmental Stages</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jihye%20Hwang">Jihye Hwang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eun%20Hwa%20Choi"> Eun Hwa Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Su%20Youn%20Baek"> Su Youn Baek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bia%20Park"> Bia Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gyeongmin%20Kim"> Gyeongmin Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chorong%20Shin"> Chorong Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joon%20Ha%20Lee"> Joon Ha Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae-Sam%20Hwang"> Jae-Sam Hwang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ui%20Wook%20Hwang"> Ui Wook Hwang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> White-spotted flower chafers are widely distributed in Asian countries and traditionally used for the treatment of chronic fatigue, blood circulation, and paralysis in the oriental medicine field. The evolution and development of insect wings and metamorphosis remain under-discovered subjects in arthropod evolutionary researches. Gene expression abundance analyses along with developmental stages based on the large-scale RNA-seq data are also still rarely done. Here we report the de novo assembly of a Protestia brevitarsis seulensis transcriptome along four different developmental stages (egg, larva, pupa, and adult) to explore its development and evolution of wings and metamorphosis. The de novo transcriptome assembly consists of 23,551 high-quality transcripts and is approximately 96.7% complete. Out of 8,545 transcripts, 5,183 correspond to the possible orthologs with Drosophila melanogaster. As a result, we could found 265 genes related to wing development and 19 genes related to metamorphosis. The comparison of transcript expression abundance with different developmental stages revealed developmental stage-specific transcripts especially working at the stage of wing development and metamorphosis of P. b. seulensis. This transcriptome quantification along the developmental stages may provide some meaningful clues to elucidate the genetic modulation mechanism of wing development and metamorphosis obtained during the insect evolution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=white-spotted%20flower%20chafers" title="white-spotted flower chafers">white-spotted flower chafers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transcriptomics" title=" transcriptomics"> transcriptomics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RNA-seq" title=" RNA-seq"> RNA-seq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20biology" title=" network biology"> network biology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wing%20development" title=" wing development"> wing development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metamorphosis" title=" metamorphosis"> metamorphosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138739/transcriptome-analysis-of-protestia-brevitarsis-seulensis-with-focus-on-wing-development-and-metamorphosis-in-developmental-stages" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138739.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">229</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">652</span> Use of Social Support for Fathers with Developmental Disabilities in Japan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shiori%20Ishida">Shiori Ishida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiromi%20Okuno"> Hiromi Okuno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hisato%20Igarashi"> Hisato Igarashi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akemi%20Yamazaki"> Akemi Yamazaki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiroko%20Takahashi"> Hiroko Takahashi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study was to clarify the differences and similarities regarding the social support of fathers and mothers towards considering increased assistance for the paternity of children with developmental disabilities. Written questionnaires were completed by fathers (n=85) and mothers (n=101) of children using rehabilitation facilities between infancy and 5 years of age. The survey contained multiple-choice questions on four categories: information support (6 items), emotional support (7 items), evaluation support (3 items), and daily living support (3 items). Regarding information support, fathers answered ‘spouse’ as the provider in over 50% of cases for all 6 items, which was significantly different compared with mothers (all p < 0.001). For emotional support, fathers were significantly more likely to get support from the workplace (p < 0.001) and from spouse (p < 0.001). The ‘evaluation support’ did not have significant differences for fathers in all the items, but the most frequent support providers were ‘spouses’. ‘Daily living support’ was significantly different from fathers in the workplace (p < 0.000) in terms of make allowances for work and duties. Thus, it appeared that fathers had fewer social support sources as compared with mothers and limited non-spouse support. The understanding of developmental disabilities, acquisition of methods of rehabilitation, and sources of support might have been inadequately addressed among fathers, which could be a hindrance to the involvement of fathers in the rearing of children with developmental disabilities. On the other hand, we also observed that some fathers were involved in the care of developmentally troubled children while providing mental support for their spouse, cooperating with housework, and adjusting their work life. However, the results on the external and social backgrounds of fathers indicated a necessity for greater empowerment and peer support to improve the paternal care of children with developmental disabilities in the family survey. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children%20with%20developmental%20disabilities" title="children with developmental disabilities">children with developmental disabilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%20support" title=" family support"> family support</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=father" title=" father"> father</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20support" title=" social support"> social support</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114583/use-of-social-support-for-fathers-with-developmental-disabilities-in-japan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114583.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">651</span> Spelling Errors in Persian Children with Developmental Dyslexia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Haghighi">Mohammad Haghighi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amineh%20Akhondi"> Amineh Akhondi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leila%20Jahangard"> Leila Jahangard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Ahmadpanah"> Mohammad Ahmadpanah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masoud%20Ansari"> Masoud Ansari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: According to the recent estimation, approximately 4%-12% percent of Iranians have difficulty in learning to read and spell possibly as a result of developmental dyslexia. The study was planned to investigate spelling error patterns among Persian children with developmental dyslexia and compare that with the errors exhibited by control groups Participants: 90 students participated in this study. 30 students from Grade level five, diagnosed as dyslexics by professionals, 30 normal 5th Grade readers and 30 younger normal readers. There were 15 boys and 15 girls in each of the groups. Qualitative and quantitative methods for analysis of errors were used. Results and conclusion: results of this study indicate similar spelling error profiles among dyslexics and the reading level matched groups, and these profiles were different from age-matched group. However, performances of dyslexic group and reading level matched group were different and inconsistent in some cases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spelling" title="spelling">spelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=error%20types" title=" error types"> error types</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developmental%20dyslexia" title=" developmental dyslexia"> developmental dyslexia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Persian" title=" Persian"> Persian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=writing%20system" title=" writing system"> writing system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20disabilities" title=" learning disabilities"> learning disabilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=processing" title=" processing"> processing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40597/spelling-errors-in-persian-children-with-developmental-dyslexia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40597.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">428</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">650</span> Determining Current and Future Training Needs of Ontario Workers Supporting Persons with Developmental Disabilities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erin%20C.%20Rodenburg">Erin C. Rodenburg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jennifer%20McWhirter"> Jennifer McWhirter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Papadopoulos"> Andrew Papadopoulos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Support workers for adults with developmental disabilities promote the care and wellbeing of a historically underserved population. Poor employment training and low work satisfaction for these disability support workers are linked to low productivity, poor quality of care, turnover, and intention to leave employment. Therefore, to improve the lives of those within disability support homes, both client and caregiver, it is vital to determine where improvements to training and support for those providing direct care can be made. The current study aims to explore disability support worker’s perceptions of the training received in their employment at the residential homes, how it prepared them for their role, and where there is room for improvement with the aim of developing recommendations for an improved training experience. Responses were collected from 85 disability support workers across 40 Ontario group homes. Findings suggest most disability support workers within the 40 support homes feel adequately trained in their responsibilities of employment. For those who did not feel adequately trained, the main issues expressed were a lack of standardization in training, a need for more continuous training, and a move away from trial and error in performing tasks to support clients with developmental disabilities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developmental%20disabilities" title="developmental disabilities">developmental disabilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disability%20workers" title=" disability workers"> disability workers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=support%20homes" title=" support homes"> support homes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=training" title=" training"> training</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100841/determining-current-and-future-training-needs-of-ontario-workers-supporting-persons-with-developmental-disabilities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100841.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">188</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">649</span> The Principles of Democracy and Development: The Political and Philosophical Foundations of Development-Democracy in Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fadeke%20Olu-Owolabi">Fadeke Olu-Owolabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fayomi%20Oluyemi"> Fayomi Oluyemi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The political and societal orders face the awesome task of overcoming the difficulties which lead to growing tensions and conflicts in Africa. At the core of analysis is the question, how stable and adaptable are established democracies, new democracies, and political and societal actors? The idea of development-democracy as implying the strong linkage between economic development and political democracy appropriately describes the distinguishing characteristic of this new demand for democracy in Africa. The theoretical study examines the political and philosophical foundation of the idea of development-democracy and the arguments presented to support the need for its adoption in Africa today. This paper critically examines the polemic between the advocates of developmental dictatorship and developmental-democracy and argues for the adoption of the latter in Africa. The paper sets out to expose for the political and philosophical foundation of developmental democracy maintaining that only democracy can facilitate development. This argument is supported further by the claim that both democracy and development are two sides of the same coin in the sense that the two are both ethical concepts. The paper also maintained that the only way by which democracy is worthwhile is when it is developmental. Finally, the paper affirms that since the two concepts of democracy and development are like the Siamese twins then the way out of Africa’s present crisis of development is to wholeheartedly embrace democracy. It posits that when genuine democracy is adopted, genuine and sustainable development can then be attained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=democracy" title="democracy">democracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polemic" title=" polemic"> polemic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=principles" title=" principles"> principles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23854/the-principles-of-democracy-and-development-the-political-and-philosophical-foundations-of-development-democracy-in-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23854.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">528</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">648</span> Effect of Temperatures on Growth and Development Time of Aphis fabae Scopoli (Homoptera: Aphididae): On Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rochelyn%20Dona">Rochelyn Dona</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Serdar%20Satar"> Serdar Satar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was to evaluate the biological parameters of A. fabae Scopoli (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Developmental, survival, and reproductive data were collected for Aphis fabae reared on detached bean leaves (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) ‘pinto beans’ at five temperature regimes (12, 16, 20, 24, and 28 °C), 65% relative humidity (RH), relative and a photoperiod of 16:8 (LD) h. The developmental times of immature stages ranged from 16, 65 days at 12°C to 5.70 days at 24°C, but a slight increase again at 28°C (6.62 days). At 24°C from this study presented the developmental threshold for A. fabae slightly to 24°C. The average longevity of mature females significantly decreased from 42.32 days at 12°C to 16.12 days at 28°C. The reproduction rate per female was 62.27 at 16°C and 12.72 at 28°C. The mean generation period of the population ranged from 29.24 at 12°C to 11.50 at 28°C. The highest intrinsic rate of increase (rm = 0.41) were recorded at 24°C, the lowest at 12°C (rm = 0.15). It was evident that temperatures over 28°C augmented the development time, accelerated the death ratio of the nymphal stages, Shrunk Adult longevity, and reduced fecundity. The optimal range of temperature for the population growth of A. fabae on the bean was 16°C-24°C, according to this study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developmental%20time" title="developmental time">developmental time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intrinsic%20rate" title=" intrinsic rate"> intrinsic rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reproduction%20period" title=" reproduction period"> reproduction period</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20dependence" title=" temperature dependence"> temperature dependence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140346/effect-of-temperatures-on-growth-and-development-time-of-aphis-fabae-scopoli-homoptera-aphididae-on-bean-phaseolus-vulgaris-l" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140346.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">228</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">647</span> The Principles of Democracy and Development: The Political and Philosophical Foundations of Development-Development in Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fadeke%20E.%20Olu-Owolabi">Fadeke E. Olu-Owolabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fayomi%20Oluyemi"> Fayomi Oluyemi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The political and societal orders face the awesome task of overcoming the difficulties which lead to growing tensions and conflicts in Africa. At the core of analysis is the question, how stable and adaptable are established democracies, new democracies, and political and societal actors? The idea of development-democracy as implying the strong linkage between economic development and political democracy appropriately describes the distinguishing characteristic of this new demand for democracy in Africa. The theoretical study examines the political and philosophical foundation of the idea of development-democracy and the arguments presented to support the need for its adoption in Africa today. This paper critically examines the polemic between the advocates of developmental dictatorship and developmental-democracy and argues for the adoption of the latter in Africa. The paper sets out to expose for the political and philosophical foundation of developmental democracy maintaining that only democracy can facilitate development. This argument is supported further by the claim that both democracy and development are two sides of the same coin in the sense that the two are both ethical concepts. The paper also maintained that the only way by which democracy is worthwhile is when it is developmental. Finally the paper affirms that since the two concepts of democracy and development are like the Siamese twins then the way out of Africa’s present crisis of development is to wholeheartedly embrace democracy. It posits that when genuine democracy is adopted, genuine and sustainable development can then be attained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=democracy" title="democracy">democracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polemic" title=" polemic"> polemic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=principles" title=" principles"> principles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28633/the-principles-of-democracy-and-development-the-political-and-philosophical-foundations-of-development-development-in-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28633.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">435</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">646</span> Results of Longitudinal Assessments of Very Low Birth Weight and Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anett%20Nagy">Anett Nagy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Maria%20Beke"> Anna Maria Beke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rozsa%20Graf"> Rozsa Graf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magda%20Kalmar"> Magda Kalmar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Premature birth involves developmental risks – the earlier the baby is born and the lower its birth weight, the higher the risks. The developmental outcomes for immature, low birth weight infants are hard to predict. Our aim is to identify the factors influencing infant and preschool-age development in very low birth weight (VLBW) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) preterms. Sixty-one subjects participated in our longitudinal study, which consisted of thirty VLBW and thirty-one ELBW children. The psychomotor development of the infants was assessed using the Brunet-Lezine Developmental Scale at the corrected ages of one and two years; then at three years of age, they were tested with the WPPSI-IV IQ test. Birth weight, gestational age, perinatal complications, gender, and maternal education, were added to the data analysis as independent variables. According to our assessments, our subjects as a group scored in the average range in each subscale of the Brunet-Lezine Developmental Scale. The scores were the lowest in language at both measurement points. The children’s performances improved between one and two years of age, particularly in the domain of coordination. At three years of age the mean IQ test results, although still in the average range, were near the low end of it in each index. The ELBW preterms performed significantly poorer in Perceptual Reasoning Index. The developmental level at two years better predicted the IQ than that at one year. None of the measures distinguished the genders. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preterm" title="preterm">preterm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extremely%20low%20birth-weight" title=" extremely low birth-weight"> extremely low birth-weight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perinatal%20complication" title=" perinatal complication"> perinatal complication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychomotor%20development" title=" psychomotor development"> psychomotor development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intelligence" title=" intelligence"> intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=follow-up" title=" follow-up"> follow-up</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100286/results-of-longitudinal-assessments-of-very-low-birth-weight-and-extremely-low-birth-weight-infants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100286.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">244</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">645</span> Ethnography of the Social and Cultural Perspectives of Childhood Neuro-Developmental Disorders: Implications for Health Seeking</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Denis%20Nono">Denis Nono</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Catherine%20Abbo"> Catherine Abbo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20%20Wenzel"> Thomas Wenzel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The study explored socio-cultural perspectives of childhood disorders and its implications for health seeking. Emphasis was on exploring local understanding and perceptions and how these ideas affect health seeking. Study aim: To explore the socio-cultural perspectives of neuro-developmental disorders and its implications on health seeking behaviour. Methods: The methods used in this study included key informant interviews conducted with health professionals. Parents of the children aged (6-15 years) with neuro-developmental disorders were recruited from the hospital to participate in focus group discussion, participant observation and individual in-depth interviews. Results: The study found out that stigma extended from children to parents and caregivers who were also shunned by community members. Participants described their children as “a gift from God” others described them as “a test from God”. The communities perceive the disorders as a spiritual infliction and always insisted that the children be taken for Acholi cultural and traditional rituals to cleanse children and they believed that mental illness has spiritual linkages. Conclusion: This study gives unique insights into the perceptions of neuro-developmental disorders and health seeking behavior in Gulu District and neighboring communities. The results showed that communities linked disorders to spiritual affliction, misunderstandings between families, bewitching, and other supernatural forces. Some of the participants highly recommended biomedical approaches to prevention, management and control of the disorders. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnography" title="ethnography">ethnography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20seeking" title=" health seeking"> health seeking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuro-developmental%20disorders" title=" neuro-developmental disorders"> neuro-developmental disorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=socio-cultural" title=" socio-cultural"> socio-cultural</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102756/ethnography-of-the-social-and-cultural-perspectives-of-childhood-neuro-developmental-disorders-implications-for-health-seeking" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102756.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">644</span> Effectiveness of Parent Coaching Intervention for Parents of Children with Developmental Disabilities in the Home and Community </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elnaz%20Alimi">Elnaz Alimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keriakoula%20Andriopoulos"> Keriakoula Andriopoulos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sam%20Boyer"> Sam Boyer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weronika%20Zuczek"> Weronika Zuczek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Occupational therapists can use coaching strategies to guide parents in providing therapy for their children with developmental disabilities. Evidence from various fields has shown increased parental self-efficacy and positive child outcomes as benefits of home and community-based parent coaching models. A literature review was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of parent coaching interventions delivered in home and community settings for children with developmental disabilities ages 0-12, on a variety of parent and child outcomes. CINAHL Plus, PsycINFO, PubMed, OTseeker were used as databases. The inclusion criteria consisted of: children with developmental disabilities ages 0-12 and their parents, parent coaching models conducted in the home and community, and parent and child outcomes. Studies were excluded if they were in a language other than English and published before 2000. Results showed that parent coaching interventions led to more positive therapy outcomes in child behaviors and symptoms related to their diagnosis or disorder. Additionally, coaching strategies had positive effects on parental satisfaction with therapy, parental self-efficacy, and family dynamics. Findings revealed decreased parental stress and improved parent-child relationships. Further research on parent coaching could involve studying the feasibility of coaching within occupational therapy specifically, incorporating cultural elements into coaching, qualitative studies on parental satisfaction with coaching, and measuring the quality of life outcomes for the whole family. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coaching%20model" title="coaching model">coaching model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developmental%20disabilities" title=" developmental disabilities"> developmental disabilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupational%20therapy" title=" occupational therapy"> occupational therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pediatrics" title=" pediatrics"> pediatrics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87802/effectiveness-of-parent-coaching-intervention-for-parents-of-children-with-developmental-disabilities-in-the-home-and-community" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87802.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">194</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">643</span> Absence of Developmental Change in Epenthetic Vowel Duration in Japanese Speakers’ English</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takayuki%20Konishi">Takayuki Konishi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kakeru%20Yazawa"> Kakeru Yazawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariko%20Kondo"> Mariko Kondo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examines developmental change in the production of epenthetic vowels by Japanese learners of English in relation to acquisition of L2 English speech rhythm. Seventy-two Japanese learners of English in the <em>J-AESOP</em> corpus were divided into lower- and higher-level learners according to their proficiency score and the frequency of vowel epenthesis. Three learners were excluded because no vowel epenthesis was observed in their utterances. The analysis of their read English speech data showed no statistical difference between lower- and higher-level learners, implying the absence of any developmental change in durations of epenthetic vowels. This result, together with the findings of previous studies, will be discussed in relation to the transfer of L1 phonology and manifestation of L2 English rhythm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vowel%20epenthesis" title="vowel epenthesis">vowel epenthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Japanese%20learners%20of%20English" title=" Japanese learners of English"> Japanese learners of English</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L2%20speech%20corpus" title=" L2 speech corpus"> L2 speech corpus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speech%20rhythm" title=" speech rhythm"> speech rhythm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61343/absence-of-developmental-change-in-epenthetic-vowel-duration-in-japanese-speakers-english" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61343.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">268</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">642</span> Clinical Profile of Oral Sensory Abilities in Developmental Dysarthria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Swapna%20N.">Swapna N.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deepthy%20Ann%20Joy"> Deepthy Ann Joy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the major causes of communication disorders in pediatric population is Motor speech disorders. These disorders which affect the motor aspects of speech articulators can have an adverse effect on the communication abilities of children in their developmental period. The motor aspects are dependent on the sensory abilities of children with motor speech disorders. Hence, oral sensorimotor evaluation is an important component in the assessment of children with motor speech disorders. To our knowledge, the importance of oral motor examination has been well established, yet the sensory assessment of the oral structures has received less focus. One of the most common motor speech disorders seen in children is developmental dysarthria. The present study aimed to assess the orosensory aspects in children with developmental dysarthria (CDD). The control group consisted of 240 children in the age range of four and eight years which was divided into four subgroups (4-4.11, 5-5.11, 6-6.11 and 7-7.11 years). The experimental group consisted of 15 children who were diagnosed with developmental dysarthria secondary to cerebral palsy who belonged in the age range of four and eight years. The oro-sensory aspects such as response to touch, temperature, taste, texture, and orofacial sensitivity were evaluated and profiled. For this purpose, the authors used the ‘Oral Sensorimotor Evaluation Protocol- Children’ which was developed by the authors. The oro-sensory section of the protocol was administered and the clinical profile of oro-sensory abilities of typically developing children and CDD was obtained for each of the sensory abilities. The oro-sensory abilities of speech articulators such as lips, tongue, palate, jaw, and cheeks were assessed in detail and scored. The results indicated that experimental group had poorer scores on oro-sensory aspects such as light static touch, kinetic touch, deep pressure, vibration and double simultaneous touch. However, it was also found that the experimental group performed similar to control group on few aspects like temperature, taste, texture and orofacial sensitivity. Apart from the oro-motor abilities which has received utmost interest, the variation in the oro-sensory abilities of experimental and control group is highlighted and discussed in the present study. This emphasizes the need for assessing the oro-sensory abilities in children with developmental dysarthria in addition to oro-motor abilities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cerebral%20palsy" title="cerebral palsy">cerebral palsy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developmental%20dysarthria" title=" developmental dysarthria"> developmental dysarthria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orosensory%20assessment" title=" orosensory assessment"> orosensory assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=touch" title=" touch"> touch</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99203/clinical-profile-of-oral-sensory-abilities-in-developmental-dysarthria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99203.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">641</span> Spirituality in Adults with Developmental Disabilities in the Practice of Pastoral Care Ministry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olutayo%20Stephen%20Shodipo">Olutayo Stephen Shodipo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper explores how individuals with disabilities understand and express their spirituality like everyone else can help provide church ministers and religious leaders with new knowledge of human experience and change the way pastoral care ministry is being practiced with this population. Disability literature has revealed studies on various aspects of disability. However, on the spirituality of people with disabilities, there is a gap. This paper offers a brief overview of what has been studied on the spiritual needs of adults with developmental disabilities (ADDs) and the church and the gap that still exists. Along with explaining this gap, it considers the reality of ADDs’ spiritual needs and why the church needs to validate their spirituality and religious expressions and create an inclusive environment where their spiritual experience and expressions can be enhanced and supported. This paper, then, aims to explore the diverse spiritual experiences of ADDs in faith communities, and their theological, moral, and social implications for Pastoral care ministry practices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spirituality" title="spirituality">spirituality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclusive%20ministry" title=" inclusive ministry"> inclusive ministry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pastoral%20theology" title=" pastoral theology"> pastoral theology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developmental%20disability" title=" developmental disability"> developmental disability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pastoral%20care" title=" pastoral care"> pastoral care</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141426/spirituality-in-adults-with-developmental-disabilities-in-the-practice-of-pastoral-care-ministry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141426.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">206</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">640</span> A Developmental Survey of Local Stereo Matching Algorithms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A9%20Smith">André Smith</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amr%20Abdel-Dayem"> Amr Abdel-Dayem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an overview of the history and development of stereo matching algorithms. Details from its inception, up to relatively recent techniques are described, noting challenges that have been surmounted across these past decades. Different components of these are explored, though focus is directed towards the local matching techniques. While global approaches have existed for some time, and demonstrated greater accuracy than their counterparts, they are generally quite slow. Many strides have been made more recently, allowing local methods to catch up in terms of accuracy, without sacrificing the overall performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developmental%20survey" title="developmental survey">developmental survey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20stereo%20matching" title=" local stereo matching"> local stereo matching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rectification" title=" rectification"> rectification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stereo%20correspondence" title=" stereo correspondence"> stereo correspondence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49461/a-developmental-survey-of-local-stereo-matching-algorithms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49461.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">293</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">639</span> Functional Analysis of Barriers in Disability Care Research: An Integrated Developmental Approach </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Batool">Asma Batool</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Immigrant families raising a child with developmental disabilities in Canada encounter many challenges during the process of disability care. Starting from the early screening of their child for diagnosis followed by challenges associated with treatment, access and service utilization. A substantial amount of research focuses on identifying barriers. However, the functional aspects of barriers in terms of their potential influences on parents and children with disabilities are unexplored yet. This paper presents functional analysis of barriers in disability care research by adopting a method of integrated approach. Juxtaposition of two developmental approaches, Bronfenbrenner’s ecological model and parents ‘transformational process model is generating multiple hypotheses to be considered while empirically investigating causal relationships and mediating or moderating factors among various variables related with disability care research. This functional analysis suggests that barriers have negative impacts on the physical and emotional development of children with disabilities as well as on the overall quality of family life (QOFL). While, barriers have facilitating impacts on parents, alternatively, the process of transformation in parents expedite after experiencing barriers. Consequently, parents reconstruct their philosophy of life and experience irreversible but continuous developmental change in terms of transformations simultaneously with their developing child and may buffer the expected negative impacts of barriers on disabled child and QOFL. Overall, this paper is suggesting implications for future research and parents’ transformations are suggesting potential pathways to minimize the negative influences of barriers that parents experience during disability care, hence improving satisfaction in QOFL in general. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=barriers%20in%20disability%20care" title="barriers in disability care">barriers in disability care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developmental%20disabilities" title=" developmental disabilities"> developmental disabilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parents%E2%80%99%20transformations" title=" parents’ transformations"> parents’ transformations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20family%20life" title=" quality of family life"> quality of family life</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37036/functional-analysis-of-barriers-in-disability-care-research-an-integrated-developmental-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37036.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">405</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">638</span> Comparative Analysis of Petroleum Ether and Aqueous Extraction Solvents on Different Stages of Anopheles Gambiae Using Neem Leaf and Neem Stem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tochukwu%20Ezechi%20Ebe">Tochukwu Ezechi Ebe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fechi%20Njoku-Tony"> Fechi Njoku-Tony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ifeyinwa%20Mgbenena"> Ifeyinwa Mgbenena</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Comparative analysis of petroleum ether and aqueous extraction solvents on different stages of Anopheles gambiae was carried out using neem leaf and neem stem. Soxhlet apparatus was used to extract each pulverized plant part. Each plant part extract from both solvents were separately used to test their effects on the developmental stages of Anopheles gambiae. The result showed that the mean mortality of extracts from petroleum ether extraction solvent was higher than that of aqueous extract. It was also observed that mean mortality decreases with increase in developmental stage. Furthermore, extracts from neem leaf was found to be more susceptible than extracts from neem stem using same extraction solvent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=petroleum%20ether" title="petroleum ether">petroleum ether</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aqueous" title=" aqueous"> aqueous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developmental" title=" developmental"> developmental</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stages" title=" stages"> stages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extraction" title=" extraction"> extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anopheles%20gambiae" title=" Anopheles gambiae"> Anopheles gambiae</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16040/comparative-analysis-of-petroleum-ether-and-aqueous-extraction-solvents-on-different-stages-of-anopheles-gambiae-using-neem-leaf-and-neem-stem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16040.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">510</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">637</span> Perfluoroheptanoic Acid Affects Xenopus Embryo Embryogenesis by Inducing the Phosphorylation of ERK and JNK</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chowon%20Kim">Chowon Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoo-Kyung%20Kim"> Yoo-Kyung Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyeong%20Yeon%20Park"> Kyeong Yeon Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun-Shik%20Lee"> Hyun-Shik Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Perfluoroalkyl compounds (PFCs) are globally distributed synthetic compounds that are known to adversely affect human health. Developmental toxicity assessment of PFCs is important to facilitate the evaluation of their environmental impact. In the present study, we assessed the developmental toxicity and teratogenicity of PFCs with different numbers of carbon atoms on Xenopus embryogenesis. An initial frog embryo teratogenicity assay-Xenopus (FETAX) assay was performed that identified perfluorohexanoic (PFHxA) and perfluoroheptanoic (PFHpA) acids as potential teratogens and developmental toxicants. The mechanism underlying this teratogenicity was also investigated by measuring the expression of tissue-specific biomarkers such as phosphotyrosine‑binding protein, xPTB (liver); NKX2.5 (heart); and Cyl18 (intestine). Whole‑mount in situ hybridization, reverse transcriptase‑polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and histologic analyses detected severe defects in the liver and heart following exposure to PFHxA or PFHpA. In addition, immunoblotting revealed that PFHpA significantly increased the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), while PFHxA slightly increased these, as compared with the control. These results suggest that PFHxA and PFHpA are developmental toxicants and teratogens, with PFHpA producing more severe effects on liver and heart development through the induction of ERK and JNK phosphorylation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PFCs" title="PFCs">PFCs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ERK" title=" ERK"> ERK</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=JNK" title=" JNK"> JNK</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=xenopus" title=" xenopus"> xenopus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46964/perfluoroheptanoic-acid-affects-xenopus-embryo-embryogenesis-by-inducing-the-phosphorylation-of-erk-and-jnk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46964.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">636</span> Cross-sectional Developmental Trajectories of Executive Function and Relations to Theory of Mind in Autism Spectrum Disorder</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evangelia-Chrysanthi%20Kouklari">Evangelia-Chrysanthi Kouklari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evdokia%20Tagkouli"> Evdokia Tagkouli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vassiliki%20Ntre"> Vassiliki Ntre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Artemios%20Pehlivanidis"> Artemios Pehlivanidis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stella%20Tsermentseli"> Stella Tsermentseli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gerasimos%20Kolaitis"> Gerasimos Kolaitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katerina%20Papanikolaou"> Katerina Papanikolaou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Executive Function (EF) is a set of goal-directed cognitive skills essentially needed in problem-solving and social behavior. Developmental EF research has indicated that EF emerges early in life and marks dramatic changes before the age of 5. Research evidence has suggested that it may continue to develop up to adolescence as well, following the development of the prefrontal cortex. Over the last decade, research evidence has suggested distinguished domains of cool and hot EF, but traditionally the development of EF in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been examined mainly with tasks that address the “cool” cognitive aspects of EF. Thus, very little is known about the development of “hot” affective EF processes and whether the cross-sectional developmental pathways of cool and hot EF present similarities in ASD. Cool EF has also been proven to have a strong correlation with Theory of Mind (ToM) in young and middle childhood in typical development and in ASD, but information about the relationship of hot EF to ToM skills is minimal. The present study’s objective was to explore the age-related changes of cool and hot EF in ASD participants from middle childhood to adolescence, as well as their relationship to ToM. This study employed an approach of cross-sectional developmental trajectories to investigate patterns of cool and hot EF relative to chronological age within ASD. Eighty-two participants between 7 and 16 years of age were recruited to undertake measures that assessed cool EF (working memory, cognitive flexibility, planning & inhibition), hot EF (affective decision making & delay discounting) and ToM (false belief and mental state/emotion recognition). Results demonstrated that trajectories of all cool EF presented age-related changes in ASD (improvements with age). With regards to hot EF, affective decision-making presented age-related changes, but for delay discounting, there were no statistically significant changes found across younger and older ASD participants. ToM was correlated only to cool EF. Theoretical implications are discussed as the investigation of the cross-sectional developmental trajectories of the broader EF (cool and hot domains) may contribute to better defining cognitive phenotypes in ASD. These findings highlight the need to examine developmental trajectories of both hot and cool EF in research and clinical practice as they may aid in enhancing diagnosis or better-informed intervention programs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autism%20spectrum%20disorder" title="autism spectrum disorder">autism spectrum disorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developmental%20trajectories" title=" developmental trajectories"> developmental trajectories</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20function" title=" executive function"> executive function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=theory%20of%20mind" title=" theory of mind"> theory of mind</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146025/cross-sectional-developmental-trajectories-of-executive-function-and-relations-to-theory-of-mind-in-autism-spectrum-disorder" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146025.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">635</span> Thinking in a Foreign Language Overcomes the Developmental Reversal in Risky Decision-Making: The Foreign Language Effect in Risky Decision-Making</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rendong%20Cai">Rendong Cai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bei%20Peng"> Bei Peng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yanping%20Dong"> Yanping Dong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In risk decision making, individuals are found to be susceptible to 'frames': people tend to be risk averse when the choice is described in terms of potential 'gains' (gain frame), whereas they tend to be risk seeking when the same choice is described in terms of potential 'losses' (loss frame); this effect is termed the framing effect. The framing effect has been well documented and some studies even find a developmental reversal in the framing effect: The more experience an individual has in a certain field, the easier for him to be influenced by the frame relevant to the field, resulting in greater decision inconsistency. Recent studies reported that using a foreign language can reduce the framing effect. However, it is not clear whether foreign language use can overcome the developmental reversal in the framing effect. The present study investigated three potential factors that may influence the developmental reversal in the framing effect: specialized knowledge of the participants, the language in which the problem is presented, and the types of problems. The present study examined the decision making behavior of 188 Chinese-English bilinguals who majored in Finance, with a group of 277 English majors as the control group. They were asked to solve a financial problem (experimental condition) and a life problem (control condition). Each problem was presented in one of the following four versions: native language-gain frame, foreign language-gain frame, native language-loss frame, and foreign language-loss frame. Results revealed that for the life problem, under the native condition, both groups were affected by the frame; but under the foreign condition, this framing effect disappeared for the financial majors. This confirmed that foreign language use modulates framing effects in general decision making, which served as an effective baseline. For the financial problem, under the native condition, only the financial major was observed to be influenced by the frame, which was a developmental reversal; under the foreign condition, however, this framing effect disappeared. The results provide further empirical evidence for the universal of the developmental reversal in risky decision making. More importantly, the results suggest that using a foreign language can overcome such reversal, which has implications for the reduction of decision biases in professionals. The findings also shed new light on the complex interaction between general decision-making and bilingualism. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20foreign%20language%20effect" title="the foreign language effect">the foreign language effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developmental%20reversals" title=" developmental reversals"> developmental reversals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20framing%20effect" title=" the framing effect"> the framing effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bilingualism" title=" bilingualism"> bilingualism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48095/thinking-in-a-foreign-language-overcomes-the-developmental-reversal-in-risky-decision-making-the-foreign-language-effect-in-risky-decision-making" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48095.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">634</span> The Impact of Equine-Assisted Therapy on Occupational Engagement for Children with Intellectual and/or Developmental Disabilities: From the Perspectives of the Children and Their Caregivers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morgan%20Dempsey">Morgan Dempsey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sam%20Lewis"> Sam Lewis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maggie%20Pierce"> Maggie Pierce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alex%20Goodman"> Alex Goodman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research investigates the impact of equine-assisted therapy programs on occupational engagement for children with intellectual and developmental disabilities. There is a general lack of evidence for equine-based services for this population, so this research aims to decrease gaps in the current literature. To gain comprehensive insight, data will be collected from both the child and their caregiver. This study takes a qualitative approach utilizing online surveys and in-person guided interviews. The participants are individuals ages 4-17 with a diagnosed intellectual or developmental disability who are currently participating in a PATH int. certified equine-assisted therapy program. Also, caregivers of individuals who meet this criterion are included. This study decreases gaps in the literature by providing comprehensive data regarding the impacts of these services on occupational engagement. The addressed domains are physical, behavioral, emotional, and social functioning, as well as overall activity engagement and impacts in everyday life. With a better understanding of how equine-assisted therapy affects relevant outcomes for children with disabilities, an increased number of occupational therapists can implement these uniquely effective services while adhering to standards of evidence-based practice. Ultimately, this research strives to contribute to generalizable data in occupational therapy by supporting the implementation of equine-assisted services for children with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities and their caregivers/families. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupational%20therapy" title="occupational therapy">occupational therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pediatric" title=" pediatric"> pediatric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rehabilitation" title=" rehabilitation"> rehabilitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hippotherapy" title=" hippotherapy"> hippotherapy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187259/the-impact-of-equine-assisted-therapy-on-occupational-engagement-for-children-with-intellectual-andor-developmental-disabilities-from-the-perspectives-of-the-children-and-their-caregivers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187259.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">36</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">633</span> The Effectiveness of the Family-Centered Sensory and Motor Interactive Games Program on Strengthening the Developmental and Motor Skills of Children aged 12 to 24 Months Who Have a Prior History of Low Birth Weight</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyede%20Soraya%20Alavinezhad">Seyede Soraya Alavinezhad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gholam%20Ali%20Afrooz"> Gholam Ali Afrooz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyedsaeid%20Sajjadianari"> Seyedsaeid Sajjadianari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of a family-centered sensory and motor interactive activities program in enhancing the motor and developmental abilities of infants between the ages of 12 and 24 months who have a medical history of low birth weight. The design of the study was a combined method (qualitative and quantitative). The statistical population comprised infants between the ages of 12 and 24 months who had a documented history of low birth weight in Tehran in 2022. The study sample comprised twenty-eight infants, ranging in age from twelve to twenty-four months, whose mothers were selected using a readily available sampling method. The participants were allocated into two groups—experimental and control—at random. The Children's Developmental Screening Scale, the third edition of Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ3TM), was utilized in both cohorts. Two sessions of the family-centered program for mothers and sixteen sessions for children in the experimental group were taken into account. The statistical analysis software SPSS version 26 was utilized to analyze the data. Initially, the descriptive analysis of the variables, the normality of the assumptions, and the equality of the variance of the variables in the groups were examined. Subsequently, univariate analysis of covariance was employed to examine research hypotheses. The results of the covariance analysis demonstrated that the family-centered interactive activities program for sensory and motor development was effective. A significant difference has been observed between the experimental and control groups with regard to developmental skills between the pre-test and post-test (P<0.005). Motor and developmental skills among children aged 12 to 24 months with a history of low birth weight can be enhanced through entertainment programs that incorporate suitable structure, according to the findings of this study. It is recommended that future research investigate the efficacy of this program on children of average weight and conduct longitudinal studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title="children">children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developmental%20skills" title=" developmental skills"> developmental skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20birth%20weight" title=" low birth weight"> low birth weight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensory%20and%20motor%20interactive%20games%20program" title=" sensory and motor interactive games program"> sensory and motor interactive games program</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192645/the-effectiveness-of-the-family-centered-sensory-and-motor-interactive-games-program-on-strengthening-the-developmental-and-motor-skills-of-children-aged-12-to-24-months-who-have-a-prior-history-of-low-birth-weight" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192645.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">20</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">632</span> The Miller Umwelt Assessment Scale: A Tool for Planning Interventions for Children on the Autism Spectrum</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sonia%20Mastrangelo">Sonia Mastrangelo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Miller Umwelt Assessment Scale is a useful tool for obtaining information about the developmental capacities of children on the autism spectrum. The assessment, made up of 19 tasks in the areas of: body organization, contact with surroundings, expressive and receptive communication, representation, and social-emotional development, has been used with much success over the past 40 years. While many assessments are difficult to administer to children on the autism spectrum, the simplicity of the MUAS reveals key strengths and challenges for both low and high functioning children on the spectrum. The results guide parents and clinicians in providing a curriculum and/or home program that moves children up the developmental ladder. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autism%20spectrum%20disorder" title="autism spectrum disorder">autism spectrum disorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment" title=" assessment"> assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reading%20intervention" title=" reading intervention"> reading intervention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miller%20method" title=" Miller method "> Miller method </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17636/the-miller-umwelt-assessment-scale-a-tool-for-planning-interventions-for-children-on-the-autism-spectrum" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17636.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">539</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developmental%20age&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developmental%20age&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developmental%20age&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developmental%20age&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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