CINXE.COM
Follow-up Study of the Relationships among Trust, Disclosure, and Interpersonal Solidarity | Human Communication Research | Oxford Academic
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" class="no-js"> <head> <!-- charset must appear in the first 1024 bytes of the document --> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>Follow-up Study of the Relationships among Trust, Disclosure, and Interpersonal Solidarity | Human Communication Research | Oxford Academic</title> <script type='text/javascript' defer src='//js.trendmd.com/trendmd.min.js' data-trendmdconfig='{"element":"#trendmd-suggestions"}' class='optanon-category-C0002'></script> <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.7.1/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/Themes/Silver/app/js/jquery.3.7.1.min.js" type="text/javascript">\x3C/script>')</script> <script src="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/Themes/Silver/app/vendor/v-638654880267142888/jquery-migrate-1.4.1.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://platform-api.sharethis.com/js/sharethis.js#property=643701de45aa460012e1032e&product=sop' async='async' class='optanon-category-C0004'></script> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=10" /> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge" /><script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info = {"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"8d76ca6f26","applicationID":"220513093","transactionName":"ZQBRMkVUCEtRVkINXlxKfjB0GiltYGVXA1RxCl0SRVoKVFVHGSVDRgxQClI=","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":1027,"agent":"","atts":""}</script><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={privacy:{cookies_enabled:true},ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={xpid:"XAYBV15WGwECVFRTBAEOVQ==",licenseKey:"8d76ca6f26",applicationID:"220513093"};window.NREUM||(NREUM={}),__nr_require=function(t,e,n){function r(n){if(!e[n]){var i=e[n]={exports:{}};t[n][0].call(i.exports,function(e){var i=t[n][1][e];return r(i||e)},i,i.exports)}return e[n].exports}if("function"==typeof __nr_require)return __nr_require;for(var i=0;i<n.length;i++)r(n[i]);return r}({1:[function(t,e,n){function r(t){try{s.console&&console.log(t)}catch(e){}}var i,o=t("ee"),a=t(27),s={};try{i=localStorage.getItem("__nr_flags").split(","),console&&"function"==typeof console.log&&(s.console=!0,i.indexOf("dev")!==-1&&(s.dev=!0),i.indexOf("nr_dev")!==-1&&(s.nrDev=!0))}catch(c){}s.nrDev&&o.on("internal-error",function(t){r(t.stack)}),s.dev&&o.on("fn-err",function(t,e,n){r(n.stack)}),s.dev&&(r("NR AGENT IN DEVELOPMENT MODE"),r("flags: "+a(s,function(t,e){return t}).join(", ")))},{}],2:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e,n,r,s){try{p?p-=1:i(s||new UncaughtException(t,e,n),!0)}catch(f){try{o("ierr",[f,c.now(),!0])}catch(d){}}return"function"==typeof u&&u.apply(this,a(arguments))}function UncaughtException(t,e,n){this.message=t||"Uncaught error with no additional information",this.sourceURL=e,this.line=n}function i(t,e){var n=e?null:c.now();o("err",[t,n])}var o=t("handle"),a=t(28),s=t("ee"),c=t("loader"),f=t("gos"),u=window.onerror,d=!1,l="nr@seenError";if(!c.disabled){var p=0;c.features.err=!0,t(1),window.onerror=r;try{throw new Error}catch(h){"stack"in h&&(t(10),t(9),"addEventListener"in window&&t(6),c.xhrWrappable&&t(11),d=!0)}s.on("fn-start",function(t,e,n){d&&(p+=1)}),s.on("fn-err",function(t,e,n){d&&!n[l]&&(f(n,l,function(){return!0}),this.thrown=!0,i(n))}),s.on("fn-end",function(){d&&!this.thrown&&p>0&&(p-=1)}),s.on("internal-error",function(t){o("ierr",[t,c.now(),!0])})}},{}],3:[function(t,e,n){var r=t("loader");r.disabled||(r.features.ins=!0)},{}],4:[function(t,e,n){function r(){var t=new PerformanceObserver(function(t,e){var n=t.getEntries();s(v,[n])});try{t.observe({entryTypes:["resource"]})}catch(e){}}function i(t){if(s(v,[window.performance.getEntriesByType(w)]),window.performance["c"+l])try{window.performance[h](m,i,!1)}catch(t){}else try{window.performance[h]("webkit"+m,i,!1)}catch(t){}}function o(t){}if(window.performance&&window.performance.timing&&window.performance.getEntriesByType){var a=t("ee"),s=t("handle"),c=t(10),f=t(9),u=t(5),d=t(19),l="learResourceTimings",p="addEventListener",h="removeEventListener",m="resourcetimingbufferfull",v="bstResource",w="resource",g="-start",y="-end",x="fn"+g,b="fn"+y,E="bstTimer",R="pushState",S=t("loader");if(!S.disabled){S.features.stn=!0,t(8),"addEventListener"in window&&t(6);var O=NREUM.o.EV;a.on(x,function(t,e){var n=t[0];n instanceof O&&(this.bstStart=S.now())}),a.on(b,function(t,e){var n=t[0];n instanceof O&&s("bst",[n,e,this.bstStart,S.now()])}),c.on(x,function(t,e,n){this.bstStart=S.now(),this.bstType=n}),c.on(b,function(t,e){s(E,[e,this.bstStart,S.now(),this.bstType])}),f.on(x,function(){this.bstStart=S.now()}),f.on(b,function(t,e){s(E,[e,this.bstStart,S.now(),"requestAnimationFrame"])}),a.on(R+g,function(t){this.time=S.now(),this.startPath=location.pathname+location.hash}),a.on(R+y,function(t){s("bstHist",[location.pathname+location.hash,this.startPath,this.time])}),u()?(s(v,[window.performance.getEntriesByType("resource")]),r()):p in window.performance&&(window.performance["c"+l]?window.performance[p](m,i,d(!1)):window.performance[p]("webkit"+m,i,d(!1))),document[p]("scroll",o,d(!1)),document[p]("keypress",o,d(!1)),document[p]("click",o,d(!1))}}},{}],5:[function(t,e,n){e.exports=function(){return"PerformanceObserver"in window&&"function"==typeof window.PerformanceObserver}},{}],6:[function(t,e,n){function r(t){for(var e=t;e&&!e.hasOwnProperty(u);)e=Object.getPrototypeOf(e);e&&i(e)}function i(t){s.inPlace(t,[u,d],"-",o)}function o(t,e){return t[1]}var a=t("ee").get("events"),s=t("wrap-function")(a,!0),c=t("gos"),f=XMLHttpRequest,u="addEventListener",d="removeEventListener";e.exports=a,"getPrototypeOf"in Object?(r(document),r(window),r(f.prototype)):f.prototype.hasOwnProperty(u)&&(i(window),i(f.prototype)),a.on(u+"-start",function(t,e){var n=t[1];if(null!==n&&("function"==typeof n||"object"==typeof n)){var r=c(n,"nr@wrapped",function(){function t(){if("function"==typeof n.handleEvent)return n.handleEvent.apply(n,arguments)}var e={object:t,"function":n}[typeof n];return e?s(e,"fn-",null,e.name||"anonymous"):n});this.wrapped=t[1]=r}}),a.on(d+"-start",function(t){t[1]=this.wrapped||t[1]})},{}],7:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e,n){var r=t[e];"function"==typeof r&&(t[e]=function(){var t=o(arguments),e={};i.emit(n+"before-start",[t],e);var a;e[m]&&e[m].dt&&(a=e[m].dt);var s=r.apply(this,t);return i.emit(n+"start",[t,a],s),s.then(function(t){return i.emit(n+"end",[null,t],s),t},function(t){throw i.emit(n+"end",[t],s),t})})}var i=t("ee").get("fetch"),o=t(28),a=t(27);e.exports=i;var s=window,c="fetch-",f=c+"body-",u=["arrayBuffer","blob","json","text","formData"],d=s.Request,l=s.Response,p=s.fetch,h="prototype",m="nr@context";d&&l&&p&&(a(u,function(t,e){r(d[h],e,f),r(l[h],e,f)}),r(s,"fetch",c),i.on(c+"end",function(t,e){var n=this;if(e){var r=e.headers.get("content-length");null!==r&&(n.rxSize=r),i.emit(c+"done",[null,e],n)}else i.emit(c+"done",[t],n)}))},{}],8:[function(t,e,n){var r=t("ee").get("history"),i=t("wrap-function")(r);e.exports=r;var o=window.history&&window.history.constructor&&window.history.constructor.prototype,a=window.history;o&&o.pushState&&o.replaceState&&(a=o),i.inPlace(a,["pushState","replaceState"],"-")},{}],9:[function(t,e,n){var r=t("ee").get("raf"),i=t("wrap-function")(r),o="equestAnimationFrame";e.exports=r,i.inPlace(window,["r"+o,"mozR"+o,"webkitR"+o,"msR"+o],"raf-"),r.on("raf-start",function(t){t[0]=i(t[0],"fn-")})},{}],10:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e,n){t[0]=a(t[0],"fn-",null,n)}function i(t,e,n){this.method=n,this.timerDuration=isNaN(t[1])?0:+t[1],t[0]=a(t[0],"fn-",this,n)}var o=t("ee").get("timer"),a=t("wrap-function")(o),s="setTimeout",c="setInterval",f="clearTimeout",u="-start",d="-";e.exports=o,a.inPlace(window,[s,"setImmediate"],s+d),a.inPlace(window,[c],c+d),a.inPlace(window,[f,"clearImmediate"],f+d),o.on(c+u,r),o.on(s+u,i)},{}],11:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e){d.inPlace(e,["onreadystatechange"],"fn-",s)}function i(){var t=this,e=u.context(t);t.readyState>3&&!e.resolved&&(e.resolved=!0,u.emit("xhr-resolved",[],t)),d.inPlace(t,y,"fn-",s)}function o(t){x.push(t),m&&(E?E.then(a):w?w(a):(R=-R,S.data=R))}function a(){for(var t=0;t<x.length;t++)r([],x[t]);x.length&&(x=[])}function s(t,e){return e}function c(t,e){for(var n in t)e[n]=t[n];return e}t(6);var f=t("ee"),u=f.get("xhr"),d=t("wrap-function")(u),l=t(19),p=NREUM.o,h=p.XHR,m=p.MO,v=p.PR,w=p.SI,g="readystatechange",y=["onload","onerror","onabort","onloadstart","onloadend","onprogress","ontimeout"],x=[];e.exports=u;var b=window.XMLHttpRequest=function(t){var e=new h(t);try{u.emit("new-xhr",[e],e),e.addEventListener(g,i,l(!1))}catch(n){try{u.emit("internal-error",[n])}catch(r){}}return e};if(c(h,b),b.prototype=h.prototype,d.inPlace(b.prototype,["open","send"],"-xhr-",s),u.on("send-xhr-start",function(t,e){r(t,e),o(e)}),u.on("open-xhr-start",r),m){var E=v&&v.resolve();if(!w&&!v){var R=1,S=document.createTextNode(R);new m(a).observe(S,{characterData:!0})}}else f.on("fn-end",function(t){t[0]&&t[0].type===g||a()})},{}],12:[function(t,e,n){function r(t){if(!s(t))return null;var e=window.NREUM;if(!e.loader_config)return null;var n=(e.loader_config.accountID||"").toString()||null,r=(e.loader_config.agentID||"").toString()||null,f=(e.loader_config.trustKey||"").toString()||null;if(!n||!r)return null;var h=p.generateSpanId(),m=p.generateTraceId(),v=Date.now(),w={spanId:h,traceId:m,timestamp:v};return(t.sameOrigin||c(t)&&l())&&(w.traceContextParentHeader=i(h,m),w.traceContextStateHeader=o(h,v,n,r,f)),(t.sameOrigin&&!u()||!t.sameOrigin&&c(t)&&d())&&(w.newrelicHeader=a(h,m,v,n,r,f)),w}function i(t,e){return"00-"+e+"-"+t+"-01"}function o(t,e,n,r,i){var o=0,a="",s=1,c="",f="";return i+"@nr="+o+"-"+s+"-"+n+"-"+r+"-"+t+"-"+a+"-"+c+"-"+f+"-"+e}function a(t,e,n,r,i,o){var a="btoa"in window&&"function"==typeof window.btoa;if(!a)return null;var s={v:[0,1],d:{ty:"Browser",ac:r,ap:i,id:t,tr:e,ti:n}};return o&&r!==o&&(s.d.tk=o),btoa(JSON.stringify(s))}function s(t){return f()&&c(t)}function c(t){var e=!1,n={};if("init"in NREUM&&"distributed_tracing"in NREUM.init&&(n=NREUM.init.distributed_tracing),t.sameOrigin)e=!0;else if(n.allowed_origins instanceof Array)for(var r=0;r<n.allowed_origins.length;r++){var i=h(n.allowed_origins[r]);if(t.hostname===i.hostname&&t.protocol===i.protocol&&t.port===i.port){e=!0;break}}return e}function f(){return"init"in NREUM&&"distributed_tracing"in NREUM.init&&!!NREUM.init.distributed_tracing.enabled}function u(){return"init"in NREUM&&"distributed_tracing"in NREUM.init&&!!NREUM.init.distributed_tracing.exclude_newrelic_header}function d(){return"init"in NREUM&&"distributed_tracing"in NREUM.init&&NREUM.init.distributed_tracing.cors_use_newrelic_header!==!1}function l(){return"init"in NREUM&&"distributed_tracing"in NREUM.init&&!!NREUM.init.distributed_tracing.cors_use_tracecontext_headers}var p=t(24),h=t(14);e.exports={generateTracePayload:r,shouldGenerateTrace:s}},{}],13:[function(t,e,n){function r(t){var e=this.params,n=this.metrics;if(!this.ended){this.ended=!0;for(var r=0;r<l;r++)t.removeEventListener(d[r],this.listener,!1);return e.protocol&&"data"===e.protocol?void g("Ajax/DataUrl/Excluded"):void(e.aborted||(n.duration=a.now()-this.startTime,this.loadCaptureCalled||4!==t.readyState?null==e.status&&(e.status=0):o(this,t),n.cbTime=this.cbTime,s("xhr",[e,n,this.startTime,this.endTime,"xhr"],this)))}}function i(t,e){var n=c(e),r=t.params;r.hostname=n.hostname,r.port=n.port,r.protocol=n.protocol,r.host=n.hostname+":"+n.port,r.pathname=n.pathname,t.parsedOrigin=n,t.sameOrigin=n.sameOrigin}function o(t,e){t.params.status=e.status;var n=v(e,t.lastSize);if(n&&(t.metrics.rxSize=n),t.sameOrigin){var r=e.getResponseHeader("X-NewRelic-App-Data");r&&(t.params.cat=r.split(", ").pop())}t.loadCaptureCalled=!0}var a=t("loader");if(a.xhrWrappable&&!a.disabled){var s=t("handle"),c=t(14),f=t(12).generateTracePayload,u=t("ee"),d=["load","error","abort","timeout"],l=d.length,p=t("id"),h=t(20),m=t(18),v=t(15),w=t(19),g=t(21).recordSupportability,y=NREUM.o.REQ,x=window.XMLHttpRequest;a.features.xhr=!0,t(11),t(7),u.on("new-xhr",function(t){var e=this;e.totalCbs=0,e.called=0,e.cbTime=0,e.end=r,e.ended=!1,e.xhrGuids={},e.lastSize=null,e.loadCaptureCalled=!1,e.params=this.params||{},e.metrics=this.metrics||{},t.addEventListener("load",function(n){o(e,t)},w(!1)),h&&(h>34||h<10)||t.addEventListener("progress",function(t){e.lastSize=t.loaded},w(!1))}),u.on("open-xhr-start",function(t){this.params={method:t[0]},i(this,t[1]),this.metrics={}}),u.on("open-xhr-end",function(t,e){"loader_config"in NREUM&&"xpid"in NREUM.loader_config&&this.sameOrigin&&e.setRequestHeader("X-NewRelic-ID",NREUM.loader_config.xpid);var n=f(this.parsedOrigin);if(n){var r=!1;n.newrelicHeader&&(e.setRequestHeader("newrelic",n.newrelicHeader),r=!0),n.traceContextParentHeader&&(e.setRequestHeader("traceparent",n.traceContextParentHeader),n.traceContextStateHeader&&e.setRequestHeader("tracestate",n.traceContextStateHeader),r=!0),r&&(this.dt=n)}}),u.on("send-xhr-start",function(t,e){var n=this.metrics,r=t[0],i=this;if(n&&r){var o=m(r);o&&(n.txSize=o)}this.startTime=a.now(),this.listener=function(t){try{"abort"!==t.type||i.loadCaptureCalled||(i.params.aborted=!0),("load"!==t.type||i.called===i.totalCbs&&(i.onloadCalled||"function"!=typeof e.onload))&&i.end(e)}catch(n){try{u.emit("internal-error",[n])}catch(r){}}};for(var s=0;s<l;s++)e.addEventListener(d[s],this.listener,w(!1))}),u.on("xhr-cb-time",function(t,e,n){this.cbTime+=t,e?this.onloadCalled=!0:this.called+=1,this.called!==this.totalCbs||!this.onloadCalled&&"function"==typeof n.onload||this.end(n)}),u.on("xhr-load-added",function(t,e){var n=""+p(t)+!!e;this.xhrGuids&&!this.xhrGuids[n]&&(this.xhrGuids[n]=!0,this.totalCbs+=1)}),u.on("xhr-load-removed",function(t,e){var n=""+p(t)+!!e;this.xhrGuids&&this.xhrGuids[n]&&(delete this.xhrGuids[n],this.totalCbs-=1)}),u.on("xhr-resolved",function(){this.endTime=a.now()}),u.on("addEventListener-end",function(t,e){e instanceof x&&"load"===t[0]&&u.emit("xhr-load-added",[t[1],t[2]],e)}),u.on("removeEventListener-end",function(t,e){e instanceof x&&"load"===t[0]&&u.emit("xhr-load-removed",[t[1],t[2]],e)}),u.on("fn-start",function(t,e,n){e instanceof x&&("onload"===n&&(this.onload=!0),("load"===(t[0]&&t[0].type)||this.onload)&&(this.xhrCbStart=a.now()))}),u.on("fn-end",function(t,e){this.xhrCbStart&&u.emit("xhr-cb-time",[a.now()-this.xhrCbStart,this.onload,e],e)}),u.on("fetch-before-start",function(t){function e(t,e){var n=!1;return e.newrelicHeader&&(t.set("newrelic",e.newrelicHeader),n=!0),e.traceContextParentHeader&&(t.set("traceparent",e.traceContextParentHeader),e.traceContextStateHeader&&t.set("tracestate",e.traceContextStateHeader),n=!0),n}var n,r=t[1]||{};"string"==typeof t[0]?n=t[0]:t[0]&&t[0].url?n=t[0].url:window.URL&&t[0]&&t[0]instanceof URL&&(n=t[0].href),n&&(this.parsedOrigin=c(n),this.sameOrigin=this.parsedOrigin.sameOrigin);var i=f(this.parsedOrigin);if(i&&(i.newrelicHeader||i.traceContextParentHeader))if("string"==typeof t[0]||window.URL&&t[0]&&t[0]instanceof URL){var o={};for(var a in r)o[a]=r[a];o.headers=new Headers(r.headers||{}),e(o.headers,i)&&(this.dt=i),t.length>1?t[1]=o:t.push(o)}else t[0]&&t[0].headers&&e(t[0].headers,i)&&(this.dt=i)}),u.on("fetch-start",function(t,e){this.params={},this.metrics={},this.startTime=a.now(),this.dt=e,t.length>=1&&(this.target=t[0]),t.length>=2&&(this.opts=t[1]);var n,r=this.opts||{},o=this.target;if("string"==typeof o?n=o:"object"==typeof o&&o instanceof y?n=o.url:window.URL&&"object"==typeof o&&o instanceof URL&&(n=o.href),i(this,n),"data"!==this.params.protocol){var s=(""+(o&&o instanceof y&&o.method||r.method||"GET")).toUpperCase();this.params.method=s,this.txSize=m(r.body)||0}}),u.on("fetch-done",function(t,e){if(this.endTime=a.now(),this.params||(this.params={}),"data"===this.params.protocol)return void g("Ajax/DataUrl/Excluded");this.params.status=e?e.status:0;var n;"string"==typeof this.rxSize&&this.rxSize.length>0&&(n=+this.rxSize);var r={txSize:this.txSize,rxSize:n,duration:a.now()-this.startTime};s("xhr",[this.params,r,this.startTime,this.endTime,"fetch"],this)})}},{}],14:[function(t,e,n){var r={};e.exports=function(t){if(t in r)return r[t];if(0===(t||"").indexOf("data:"))return{protocol:"data"};var e=document.createElement("a"),n=window.location,i={};e.href=t,i.port=e.port;var o=e.href.split("://");!i.port&&o[1]&&(i.port=o[1].split("/")[0].split("@").pop().split(":")[1]),i.port&&"0"!==i.port||(i.port="https"===o[0]?"443":"80"),i.hostname=e.hostname||n.hostname,i.pathname=e.pathname,i.protocol=o[0],"/"!==i.pathname.charAt(0)&&(i.pathname="/"+i.pathname);var a=!e.protocol||":"===e.protocol||e.protocol===n.protocol,s=e.hostname===document.domain&&e.port===n.port;return i.sameOrigin=a&&(!e.hostname||s),"/"===i.pathname&&(r[t]=i),i}},{}],15:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e){var n=t.responseType;return"json"===n&&null!==e?e:"arraybuffer"===n||"blob"===n||"json"===n?i(t.response):"text"===n||""===n||void 0===n?i(t.responseText):void 0}var i=t(18);e.exports=r},{}],16:[function(t,e,n){function r(){}function i(t,e,n,r){return function(){return u.recordSupportability("API/"+e+"/called"),o(t+e,[f.now()].concat(s(arguments)),n?null:this,r),n?void 0:this}}var o=t("handle"),a=t(27),s=t(28),c=t("ee").get("tracer"),f=t("loader"),u=t(21),d=NREUM;"undefined"==typeof window.newrelic&&(newrelic=d);var l=["setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","inlineHit","addRelease"],p="api-",h=p+"ixn-";a(l,function(t,e){d[e]=i(p,e,!0,"api")}),d.addPageAction=i(p,"addPageAction",!0),d.setCurrentRouteName=i(p,"routeName",!0),e.exports=newrelic,d.interaction=function(){return(new r).get()};var m=r.prototype={createTracer:function(t,e){var n={},r=this,i="function"==typeof e;return o(h+"tracer",[f.now(),t,n],r),function(){if(c.emit((i?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[f.now(),r,i],n),i)try{return e.apply(this,arguments)}catch(t){throw c.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],n),t}finally{c.emit("fn-end",[f.now()],n)}}}};a("actionText,setName,setAttribute,save,ignore,onEnd,getContext,end,get".split(","),function(t,e){m[e]=i(h,e)}),newrelic.noticeError=function(t,e){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),u.recordSupportability("API/noticeError/called"),o("err",[t,f.now(),!1,e])}},{}],17:[function(t,e,n){function r(t){if(NREUM.init){for(var e=NREUM.init,n=t.split("."),r=0;r<n.length-1;r++)if(e=e[n[r]],"object"!=typeof e)return;return e=e[n[n.length-1]]}}e.exports={getConfiguration:r}},{}],18:[function(t,e,n){e.exports=function(t){if("string"==typeof t&&t.length)return t.length;if("object"==typeof t){if("undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&t instanceof ArrayBuffer&&t.byteLength)return t.byteLength;if("undefined"!=typeof Blob&&t instanceof Blob&&t.size)return t.size;if(!("undefined"!=typeof FormData&&t instanceof FormData))try{return JSON.stringify(t).length}catch(e){return}}}},{}],19:[function(t,e,n){var r=!1;try{var i=Object.defineProperty({},"passive",{get:function(){r=!0}});window.addEventListener("testPassive",null,i),window.removeEventListener("testPassive",null,i)}catch(o){}e.exports=function(t){return r?{passive:!0,capture:!!t}:!!t}},{}],20:[function(t,e,n){var r=0,i=navigator.userAgent.match(/Firefox[\/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);i&&(r=+i[1]),e.exports=r},{}],21:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e){var n=[a,t,{name:t},e];return o("storeMetric",n,null,"api"),n}function i(t,e){var n=[s,t,{name:t},e];return o("storeEventMetrics",n,null,"api"),n}var o=t("handle"),a="sm",s="cm";e.exports={constants:{SUPPORTABILITY_METRIC:a,CUSTOM_METRIC:s},recordSupportability:r,recordCustom:i}},{}],22:[function(t,e,n){function r(){return s.exists&&performance.now?Math.round(performance.now()):(o=Math.max((new Date).getTime(),o))-a}function i(){return o}var o=(new Date).getTime(),a=o,s=t(29);e.exports=r,e.exports.offset=a,e.exports.getLastTimestamp=i},{}],23:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e){var n=t.getEntries();n.forEach(function(t){"first-paint"===t.name?p("timing",["fp",Math.floor(t.startTime)]):"first-contentful-paint"===t.name&&p("timing",["fcp",Math.floor(t.startTime)])})}function i(t,e){var n=t.getEntries();if(n.length>0){var r=n[n.length-1];if(f&&f<r.startTime)return;var i=[r],o=a({});o&&i.push(o),p("lcp",i)}}function o(t){t.getEntries().forEach(function(t){t.hadRecentInput||p("cls",[t])})}function a(t){var e=navigator.connection||navigator.mozConnection||navigator.webkitConnection;if(e)return e.type&&(t["net-type"]=e.type),e.effectiveType&&(t["net-etype"]=e.effectiveType),e.rtt&&(t["net-rtt"]=e.rtt),e.downlink&&(t["net-dlink"]=e.downlink),t}function s(t){if(t instanceof w&&!y){var e=Math.round(t.timeStamp),n={type:t.type};a(n),e<=h.now()?n.fid=h.now()-e:e>h.offset&&e<=Date.now()?(e-=h.offset,n.fid=h.now()-e):e=h.now(),y=!0,p("timing",["fi",e,n])}}function c(t){"hidden"===t&&(f=h.now(),p("pageHide",[f]))}if(!("init"in NREUM&&"page_view_timing"in NREUM.init&&"enabled"in NREUM.init.page_view_timing&&NREUM.init.page_view_timing.enabled===!1)){var f,u,d,l,p=t("handle"),h=t("loader"),m=t(26),v=t(19),w=NREUM.o.EV;if("PerformanceObserver"in window&&"function"==typeof window.PerformanceObserver){u=new PerformanceObserver(r);try{u.observe({entryTypes:["paint"]})}catch(g){}d=new PerformanceObserver(i);try{d.observe({entryTypes:["largest-contentful-paint"]})}catch(g){}l=new PerformanceObserver(o);try{l.observe({type:"layout-shift",buffered:!0})}catch(g){}}if("addEventListener"in document){var y=!1,x=["click","keydown","mousedown","pointerdown","touchstart"];x.forEach(function(t){document.addEventListener(t,s,v(!1))})}m(c)}},{}],24:[function(t,e,n){function r(){function t(){return e?15&e[n++]:16*Math.random()|0}var e=null,n=0,r=window.crypto||window.msCrypto;r&&r.getRandomValues&&(e=r.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(31)));for(var i,o="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx",a="",s=0;s<o.length;s++)i=o[s],"x"===i?a+=t().toString(16):"y"===i?(i=3&t()|8,a+=i.toString(16)):a+=i;return a}function i(){return a(16)}function o(){return a(32)}function a(t){function e(){return n?15&n[r++]:16*Math.random()|0}var n=null,r=0,i=window.crypto||window.msCrypto;i&&i.getRandomValues&&Uint8Array&&(n=i.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(t)));for(var o=[],a=0;a<t;a++)o.push(e().toString(16));return o.join("")}e.exports={generateUuid:r,generateSpanId:i,generateTraceId:o}},{}],25:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e){if(!i)return!1;if(t!==i)return!1;if(!e)return!0;if(!o)return!1;for(var n=o.split("."),r=e.split("."),a=0;a<r.length;a++)if(r[a]!==n[a])return!1;return!0}var i=null,o=null,a=/Version\/(\S+)\s+Safari/;if(navigator.userAgent){var s=navigator.userAgent,c=s.match(a);c&&s.indexOf("Chrome")===-1&&s.indexOf("Chromium")===-1&&(i="Safari",o=c[1])}e.exports={agent:i,version:o,match:r}},{}],26:[function(t,e,n){function r(t){function e(){t(s&&document[s]?document[s]:document[o]?"hidden":"visible")}"addEventListener"in document&&a&&document.addEventListener(a,e,i(!1))}var i=t(19);e.exports=r;var o,a,s;"undefined"!=typeof document.hidden?(o="hidden",a="visibilitychange",s="visibilityState"):"undefined"!=typeof document.msHidden?(o="msHidden",a="msvisibilitychange"):"undefined"!=typeof document.webkitHidden&&(o="webkitHidden",a="webkitvisibilitychange",s="webkitVisibilityState")},{}],27:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e){var n=[],r="",o=0;for(r in t)i.call(t,r)&&(n[o]=e(r,t[r]),o+=1);return n}var i=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;e.exports=r},{}],28:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e,n){e||(e=0),"undefined"==typeof n&&(n=t?t.length:0);for(var r=-1,i=n-e||0,o=Array(i<0?0:i);++r<i;)o[r]=t[e+r];return o}e.exports=r},{}],29:[function(t,e,n){e.exports={exists:"undefined"!=typeof window.performance&&window.performance.timing&&"undefined"!=typeof window.performance.timing.navigationStart}},{}],ee:[function(t,e,n){function r(){}function i(t){function e(t){return t&&t instanceof r?t:t?f(t,c,a):a()}function n(n,r,i,o,a){if(a!==!1&&(a=!0),!p.aborted||o){t&&a&&t(n,r,i);for(var s=e(i),c=m(n),f=c.length,u=0;u<f;u++)c[u].apply(s,r);var l=d[y[n]];return l&&l.push([x,n,r,s]),s}}function o(t,e){g[t]=m(t).concat(e)}function h(t,e){var n=g[t];if(n)for(var r=0;r<n.length;r++)n[r]===e&&n.splice(r,1)}function m(t){return g[t]||[]}function v(t){return l[t]=l[t]||i(n)}function w(t,e){p.aborted||u(t,function(t,n){e=e||"feature",y[n]=e,e in d||(d[e]=[])})}var g={},y={},x={on:o,addEventListener:o,removeEventListener:h,emit:n,get:v,listeners:m,context:e,buffer:w,abort:s,aborted:!1};return x}function o(t){return f(t,c,a)}function a(){return new r}function s(){(d.api||d.feature)&&(p.aborted=!0,d=p.backlog={})}var c="nr@context",f=t("gos"),u=t(27),d={},l={},p=e.exports=i();e.exports.getOrSetContext=o,p.backlog=d},{}],gos:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e,n){if(i.call(t,e))return t[e];var r=n();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(t,e,{value:r,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),r}catch(o){}return t[e]=r,r}var i=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;e.exports=r},{}],handle:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e,n,r){i.buffer([t],r),i.emit(t,e,n)}var i=t("ee").get("handle");e.exports=r,r.ee=i},{}],id:[function(t,e,n){function r(t){var e=typeof t;return!t||"object"!==e&&"function"!==e?-1:t===window?0:a(t,o,function(){return i++})}var i=1,o="nr@id",a=t("gos");e.exports=r},{}],loader:[function(t,e,n){function r(){if(!O++){var t=S.info=NREUM.info,e=m.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];if(setTimeout(f.abort,3e4),!(t&&t.licenseKey&&t.applicationID&&e))return f.abort();c(E,function(e,n){t[e]||(t[e]=n)});var n=a();s("mark",["onload",n+S.offset],null,"api"),s("timing",["load",n]);var r=m.createElement("script");0===t.agent.indexOf("http://")||0===t.agent.indexOf("https://")?r.src=t.agent:r.src=p+"://"+t.agent,e.parentNode.insertBefore(r,e)}}function i(){"complete"===m.readyState&&o()}function o(){s("mark",["domContent",a()+S.offset],null,"api")}var a=t(22),s=t("handle"),c=t(27),f=t("ee"),u=t(25),d=t(17),l=t(19),p=d.getConfiguration("ssl")===!1?"http":"https",h=window,m=h.document,v="addEventListener",w="attachEvent",g=h.XMLHttpRequest,y=g&&g.prototype,x=!1;NREUM.o={ST:setTimeout,SI:h.setImmediate,CT:clearTimeout,XHR:g,REQ:h.Request,EV:h.Event,PR:h.Promise,MO:h.MutationObserver};var b=""+location,E={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net",agent:"js-agent.newrelic.com/nr-1216.min.js"},R=g&&y&&y[v]&&!/CriOS/.test(navigator.userAgent),S=e.exports={offset:a.getLastTimestamp(),now:a,origin:b,features:{},xhrWrappable:R,userAgent:u,disabled:x};if(!x){t(16),t(23),m[v]?(m[v]("DOMContentLoaded",o,l(!1)),h[v]("load",r,l(!1))):(m[w]("onreadystatechange",i),h[w]("onload",r)),s("mark",["firstbyte",a.getLastTimestamp()],null,"api");var O=0}},{}],"wrap-function":[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e){function n(e,n,r,c,f){function nrWrapper(){var o,a,u,l;try{a=this,o=d(arguments),u="function"==typeof r?r(o,a):r||{}}catch(p){i([p,"",[o,a,c],u],t)}s(n+"start",[o,a,c],u,f);try{return l=e.apply(a,o)}catch(h){throw s(n+"err",[o,a,h],u,f),h}finally{s(n+"end",[o,a,l],u,f)}}return a(e)?e:(n||(n=""),nrWrapper[l]=e,o(e,nrWrapper,t),nrWrapper)}function r(t,e,r,i,o){r||(r="");var s,c,f,u="-"===r.charAt(0);for(f=0;f<e.length;f++)c=e[f],s=t[c],a(s)||(t[c]=n(s,u?c+r:r,i,c,o))}function s(n,r,o,a){if(!h||e){var s=h;h=!0;try{t.emit(n,r,o,e,a)}catch(c){i([c,n,r,o],t)}h=s}}return t||(t=u),n.inPlace=r,n.flag=l,n}function i(t,e){e||(e=u);try{e.emit("internal-error",t)}catch(n){}}function o(t,e,n){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{var r=Object.keys(t);return r.forEach(function(n){Object.defineProperty(e,n,{get:function(){return t[n]},set:function(e){return t[n]=e,e}})}),e}catch(o){i([o],n)}for(var a in t)p.call(t,a)&&(e[a]=t[a]);return e}function a(t){return!(t&&t instanceof Function&&t.apply&&!t[l])}function s(t,e){var n=e(t);return n[l]=t,o(t,n,u),n}function c(t,e,n){var r=t[e];t[e]=s(r,n)}function f(){for(var t=arguments.length,e=new Array(t),n=0;n<t;++n)e[n]=arguments[n];return e}var u=t("ee"),d=t(28),l="nr@original",p=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,h=!1;e.exports=r,e.exports.wrapFunction=s,e.exports.wrapInPlace=c,e.exports.argsToArray=f},{}]},{},["loader",2,13,4,3]);</script> <!-- Turn off telephone number detection. --> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no" /> <!-- Bookmark Icons --> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/UI/app/img/v-638654879241847311/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/UI/app/img/v-638654879242047735/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/UI/app/img/v-638654879241997236/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="mask-icon" href="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/UI/app/img/v-638654879242697268/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#001C54"> <link rel="icon" href="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/UI/app/img/v-638654879242147229/favicon.ico"> <link rel="manifest" href="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/UI/app/img/v-638654879242447968/manifest.json"> <meta name="msapplication-config" content="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/UI/app/img/v-638654879241847311/browserconfig.xml"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#002f65"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/UI/app/fonts/icons.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/Themes/Client/app/css/v-638669719594245124/site.min.css" /> <link rel="preload" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Merriweather:300,400,400italic,700,700italic|Source+Sans+Pro:400,400italic,700,700italic" as="style" onload="this.onload=null;this.rel='stylesheet'"> <link href="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/data/SiteBuilderAssetsOriginals/Live/CSS/journals/v-638647548564311250/global.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <link href="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/data/SiteBuilderAssets/Live/CSS/hcr/v-637435495187602250/Site.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script> var dataLayer = [{"full_title":"A Follow-up Study of the Relationships among Trust, Disclosure, and Interpersonal Solidarity","short_title":"Follow-up Study of the Relationships among Trust, Disclosure, and Interpersonal Solidarity","authors":"Lawrence R. Wheeless","issue_and_volume":"Volume 4 | Issue 2","type":"research-article","online_publication_date":"2006-03-17","access_type":"Paid","license_type":"private","event_type":"Login-full-text","supplier_tag":"SC_Journals","object_type":"Article","taxonomy":"taxId%3a39%7ctaxLabel%3aAcademicSubjects%7cnodeId%3aGEN00325%7cnodeLabel%3aInterpersonal+and+Intergroup+Communication%7cnodeLevel%3a4%3btaxId%3a39%7ctaxLabel%3aAcademicSubjects%7cnodeId%3aGEN00327%7cnodeLabel%3aOrganizational+and+Institutional+Communication%7cnodeLevel%3a4","siteid":"humcom","authzrequired":"true","turnaway_id":"SUB_NONE","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-2958.1978.tb00604.x"}]; </script> <script> (function (w, d, s, l, i) { w[l] = w[l] || []; w[l].push({ 'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js' }); var f = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j = d.createElement(s), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : ''; j.async = true; j.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl; f.parentNode.insertBefore(j, f); })(window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-W6DD7HV'); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var App = App || {}; App.LoginUserInfo = { isInstLoggedIn: 0, isIndividualLoggedIn: 0 }; App.CurrentSubdomain = 'hcr'; App.SiteURL = 'academic.oup.com/hcr'; </script> <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/chartist.js/latest/chartist.min.css" media="print" onload="this.onload=null;this.removeAttribute('media');" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script type="application/ld+json"> {"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://academic.oup.com/hcr/article/4/2/143/4626810","name":"A Follow-up Study of the Relationships among Trust, Disclosure, and Interpersonal Solidarity","about":["disclosure","interpersonal relations","self disclosure","follow-up studies"],"datePublished":"2006-03-17","hasPart":[{"@type":"WebPageElement","isAccessibleForFree":false,"cssSelector":".paywall"}],"isPartOf":{"@id":"https://academic.oup.com/hcr/issue/4/2","@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","datePublished":"1978-12-01","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://academic.oup.com/hcr/hcr","@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Communication Research","issn":["1468-2958"]}},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1978.tb00604.x","keywords":["disclosure","interpersonal relations","self disclosure","follow-up studies"],"inLanguage":"en","copyrightHolder":"International Communication Association","copyrightYear":"2024","publisher":"Oxford University Press","author":[{"name":"Wheeless, Lawrence R.","affiliation":"1 Lawrence R. Wheeless (Ph.D., Wayne State University, 1970) is associate professor and director of Graduate Studies in Speech Communication at West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506","@type":"Person"}],"description":"Abstract. This study conceptualized perceived trustworthiness of the individual, self-disclosure to the individual, perceived trustworthiness of people in ","pageStart":"143","pageEnd":"157","siteName":"OUP Academic","thumbnailURL":"https://oup.silverchair-cdn.com/oup/backfile/Content_public/Journal/hcr/Issue/4/2/3/m_cover.gif?Expires=1795254775&Signature=mqqlsWdq-6nYYUp--iGio7Tl2qMaXZJaqx5xETnwq5qiUy9N6F4G4OmygOEX~Tx6-K8hNHF6yF323e6~1-GgP8-htbiTy5Czxt~EAprakx7fvQdfqObxCi7Ymn2D2hReVbkROwMVmprdkcRxHRdqPx9vYAofkTVt9P5uietDQ750iNgIi2cceh-BUmEZz1xr06YTV~F2m9zkIhvlkYGTlQhZ5jkLo18A0gdwo7TM0tfg8Zq~gP~E0Fp-dpiebPvi6Dl57BnJW2-WOfoTvxzncm89HoJuOPQi6vv0L42sHMdETZYgdrUeYS00DGO2hBKc5MmzUp74ZvIhDodWId862w__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIE5G5CRDK6RD3PGA","headline":"A Follow-up Study of the Relationships among Trust, Disclosure, and Interpersonal Solidarity","image":"https://oup.silverchair-cdn.com/oup/backfile/Content_public/Journal/hcr/Issue/4/2/3/m_cover.gif?Expires=1795254775&Signature=mqqlsWdq-6nYYUp--iGio7Tl2qMaXZJaqx5xETnwq5qiUy9N6F4G4OmygOEX~Tx6-K8hNHF6yF323e6~1-GgP8-htbiTy5Czxt~EAprakx7fvQdfqObxCi7Ymn2D2hReVbkROwMVmprdkcRxHRdqPx9vYAofkTVt9P5uietDQ750iNgIi2cceh-BUmEZz1xr06YTV~F2m9zkIhvlkYGTlQhZ5jkLo18A0gdwo7TM0tfg8Zq~gP~E0Fp-dpiebPvi6Dl57BnJW2-WOfoTvxzncm89HoJuOPQi6vv0L42sHMdETZYgdrUeYS00DGO2hBKc5MmzUp74ZvIhDodWId862w__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIE5G5CRDK6RD3PGA","image:alt":"Issue Cover","isAccessibleForFree":false} </script> <meta property="og:site_name" content="OUP Academic" /> <meta property="og:title" content="A Follow-up Study of the Relationships among Trust, Disclosure, and Interpersonal Solidarity" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Abstract. This study conceptualized perceived trustworthiness of the individual, self-disclosure to the individual, perceived trustworthiness of people in " /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1978.tb00604.x" /> <meta property="og:updated_time" content="" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://oup.silverchair-cdn.com/oup/backfile/Content_public/Journal/hcr/Issue/4/2/3/m_cover.gif?Expires=1795254775&Signature=mqqlsWdq-6nYYUp--iGio7Tl2qMaXZJaqx5xETnwq5qiUy9N6F4G4OmygOEX~Tx6-K8hNHF6yF323e6~1-GgP8-htbiTy5Czxt~EAprakx7fvQdfqObxCi7Ymn2D2hReVbkROwMVmprdkcRxHRdqPx9vYAofkTVt9P5uietDQ750iNgIi2cceh-BUmEZz1xr06YTV~F2m9zkIhvlkYGTlQhZ5jkLo18A0gdwo7TM0tfg8Zq~gP~E0Fp-dpiebPvi6Dl57BnJW2-WOfoTvxzncm89HoJuOPQi6vv0L42sHMdETZYgdrUeYS00DGO2hBKc5MmzUp74ZvIhDodWId862w__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIE5G5CRDK6RD3PGA" /> <meta property="og:image:url" content="https://oup.silverchair-cdn.com/oup/backfile/Content_public/Journal/hcr/Issue/4/2/3/m_cover.gif?Expires=1795254775&Signature=mqqlsWdq-6nYYUp--iGio7Tl2qMaXZJaqx5xETnwq5qiUy9N6F4G4OmygOEX~Tx6-K8hNHF6yF323e6~1-GgP8-htbiTy5Czxt~EAprakx7fvQdfqObxCi7Ymn2D2hReVbkROwMVmprdkcRxHRdqPx9vYAofkTVt9P5uietDQ750iNgIi2cceh-BUmEZz1xr06YTV~F2m9zkIhvlkYGTlQhZ5jkLo18A0gdwo7TM0tfg8Zq~gP~E0Fp-dpiebPvi6Dl57BnJW2-WOfoTvxzncm89HoJuOPQi6vv0L42sHMdETZYgdrUeYS00DGO2hBKc5MmzUp74ZvIhDodWId862w__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIE5G5CRDK6RD3PGA" /> <meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://oup.silverchair-cdn.com/oup/backfile/Content_public/Journal/hcr/Issue/4/2/3/m_cover.gif?Expires=1795254775&Signature=mqqlsWdq-6nYYUp--iGio7Tl2qMaXZJaqx5xETnwq5qiUy9N6F4G4OmygOEX~Tx6-K8hNHF6yF323e6~1-GgP8-htbiTy5Czxt~EAprakx7fvQdfqObxCi7Ymn2D2hReVbkROwMVmprdkcRxHRdqPx9vYAofkTVt9P5uietDQ750iNgIi2cceh-BUmEZz1xr06YTV~F2m9zkIhvlkYGTlQhZ5jkLo18A0gdwo7TM0tfg8Zq~gP~E0Fp-dpiebPvi6Dl57BnJW2-WOfoTvxzncm89HoJuOPQi6vv0L42sHMdETZYgdrUeYS00DGO2hBKc5MmzUp74ZvIhDodWId862w__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIE5G5CRDK6RD3PGA" /> <meta property="og:image:alt" content="Issue Cover" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Wheeless, Lawrence R." /><meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Lawrence R. Wheeless (Ph.D., Wayne State University, 1970) is associate professor and director of Graduate Studies in Speech Communication at West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506" /><meta name="citation_title" content="A Follow-up Study of the Relationships among Trust, Disclosure, and Interpersonal Solidarity" /><meta name="citation_firstpage" content="143" /><meta name="citation_lastpage" content="157" /><meta name="citation_doi" content="10.1111/j.1468-2958.1978.tb00604.x" /><meta name="citation_keyword" content="disclosure" /><meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Human Communication Research" /><meta name="citation_journal_abbrev" content="Hum Commun Res" /><meta name="citation_volume" content="4" /><meta name="citation_issue" content="2" /><meta name="citation_publication_date" content="1978/12/01" /><meta name="citation_issn" content="0360-3989" /><meta name="citation_publisher" content="Oxford Academic" /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Reciprocity of interpersonal exchange; citation_author=ALTMAN I.; citation_journal_title=Journal/or the Theory of Social Behavior; citation_year=1973; citation_volume=3; citation_pages=249-261; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=ALTMAN I.; citation_author=TAYLOR D.A.; citation_publisher=Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, New York; citation_title=Social penetration: The development of interpersonal relationships; citation_year=1973; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Some explorations in initial interaction and beyond: Toward a developmental theory of interpersonal communication; citation_author=BERGER C.R.; citation_author=CALABRESE R.J.; citation_journal_title=Human Communication Research; citation_year=1975; citation_volume=2; citation_pages=99-112; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Dimensions for evaluating the acceptability of messages sources; citation_author=BERLO O.K.; citation_author=LEMERT J.B.; citation_author=MERTZ R.J.; citation_journal_title=Public Opinion Quarterly; citation_year=1969; citation_volume=33; citation_pages=563-579; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Validation of a theory of interpersonal trust behavior; citation_author=BRIDGES J.G.; citation_journal_title=Dissertation Abstracts; citation_year=1970; citation_volume=33; citation_issue=1-A; citation_pages=462-463; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=BROWN R.; citation_publisher=Free Press, New York; citation_title=Social Psychology; citation_year=1965; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Self-disclosure: A literature review; citation_author=COZBY P.C.; citation_journal_title=Psychological Bulletin; citation_year=1973; citation_volume=79; citation_pages=73-91; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Trust and suspicion; citation_author=DEUTSCH M.; citation_journal_title=Journal of Conflict Resolution; citation_year=1958; citation_volume=2; citation_pages=265-279; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Trust and suspicion; citation_author=DEUTSCH M.; citation_author=Barnland D.C.; citation_publisher=Houghton Mifflin Co., New York; citation_title=Interpersonal communication: Survey and studies; citation_year=1965; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Doctoral dissertation; citation_author=GELLER J.D.; citation_publisher=University of Connecticut, ; citation_title=Some personal and situational determinants of interpersonal trust; citation_year=1966; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The contributions of studies of source credibility to a theory of interpersonal trust in the communication process; citation_author=GIFFIN K.; citation_journal_title=Psychological Bulletin; citation_year=1967; citation_volume=68; citation_pages=104-120; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The communication of self-disclosure: Level versus valence; citation_author=GILBERT S.J.; citation_author=HORENSTEIN D.; citation_journal_title=Human Communication Research; citation_year=1975; citation_volume=1; citation_pages=316-322; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=An experimental comparison of conclusion-drawing by the communicator and by the audience; citation_author=HOVLAND C.I.; citation_author=MANDELL W.; citation_journal_title=Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology; citation_year=1952; citation_volume=47; citation_pages=581-588; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=HOVLAND C.I.; citation_author=JANIS I.L.; citation_author=KELLEY H.H.; citation_publisher=Yale University Press, New Haven; citation_title=Communication and persuasion; citation_year=1953; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=JOURARD S.M.; citation_publisher=Wiley, New York; citation_title=Self-disclosure: The experimental investigation of the transparent self; citation_year=1971; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Scales for the measurement of ethos; citation_author=MCCROSKEY J.C.; citation_journal_title=Speech Monographs; citation_year=1966; citation_volume=33; citation_pages=65-72; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Measurement of the credibility of peers and spouses; citation_author=MCCROSKEY J.C.; citation_author=JENSEN T.; citation_author=C VALENCIA; citation_publisher=Montreal, Quebec; citation_title=Paper presented at the annual convention of the International Communication Association; citation_year=April 1973; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Interpersonal trust as a factor in communication; citation_author=MELLINGER G.D.; citation_journal_title=Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology; citation_year=1956; citation_volume=52; citation_pages=304-309; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=NEWCOMB T.M.; citation_publisher=Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, New York; citation_title=The acquaintance process; citation_year=1961; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Communicator style as an antecedent of interpersonal attraction; citation_author=NORTON R.W.; citation_author=PETTEGREW L.S.; citation_publisher=Portland; citation_title=Paper presented at the annual convention of the International Communication Association; citation_year=April 1976; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=NUNNALLY J.C.; citation_publisher=McGraw-Hill, New York; citation_title=Psychometric theory; citation_year=1967; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Toward an axiomatic theory of relational communication; citation_author=PARKS M.R.; citation_publisher=Chicago; citation_title=Paper presented at the annual convention of the International Communication Association; citation_year=April 1975; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Trust in interpersonal communication; citation_author=PEARCE W.B.; citation_journal_title=Speech Monographs; citation_year=1974; citation_volume=41; citation_pages=236-244; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Self-disclosing communication; citation_author=PEARCE W.B.; citation_author=SHARP S.M.; citation_journal_title=Journal of Communication; citation_year=1973; citation_volume=23; citation_pages=409-425; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Self-disclosure and relationship to the target person; citation_author=PEDERSON D.M.; citation_author=HIGBEE K.L.; citation_journal_title=Merrill-Palmer Quarterly; citation_year=1969; citation_volume=15; citation_pages=213-220; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Analysis of relational communication in dyads: New measurement procedures; citation_author=ROGERS L.E.; citation_author=FARACE R.V.; citation_journal_title=Human Communication Research; citation_year=1975; citation_volume=1; citation_pages=222-239; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=A new scale for the measurement of interpersonal trust; citation_author=ROTTER J.B.; citation_journal_title=Journal of Personality; citation_year=1967; citation_volume=35; citation_pages=651-665; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Self-disclosure and interpersonal trust: An exploratory study; citation_author=VONDRACEK F.; citation_author=MARSHALL M.; citation_journal_title=Psychological Reports; citation_year=1971; citation_volume=28; citation_pages=235-240; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Self-disclosure and interpersonal solidarity: Measurement, validation, and relationships; citation_author=WHEELESS L.R.; citation_journal_title=Human Communication Research; citation_year=1976; citation_volume=3; citation_pages=47-61; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Self-disclosure and trust: Conceptualization, measurement, and inter-relationships; citation_author=WHEELESS L.R.; citation_author=GROTZ J.; citation_publisher=Chicago; citation_title=Paper presented at the annual convention of the International Communication Association; citation_year=April 1975; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Conceptualization and measurement of reported self-disclosure; citation_author=WHEELESS L.R.; citation_author=GROTZ J.; citation_journal_title=Human Communication Research; citation_year=1976; citation_volume=2; citation_pages=338-346; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The measurement of trust and its relationship to self-disclosure; citation_author=WHEELESS L.R.; citation_author=GROTZ J.; citation_journal_title=Human Communication Research; citation_year=1977; citation_volume=3; citation_pages=250-257; " /><meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The relationships among self-disclosure, disclosiveness, and communication apprehension; citation_author=WHEELESS L.R.; citation_author=NESSER K.; citation_author=MCCROSKEY J.C.; citation_publisher=San Francisco; citation_title=Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Western Speech Communication Association; citation_year=November 1976; " /><meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://academic.oup.com/hcr/article-pdf/4/2/143/22344458/jhumcom0143.pdf" /><meta name="description" content="Abstract. This study conceptualized perceived trustworthiness of the individual, self-disclosure to the individual, perceived trustworthiness of people in " /><meta name="citation_xml_url" content="https://academic.oup.com/hcr/article-xml/4/2/143/4626810" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://academic.oup.com/hcr/article-abstract/4/2/143/4626810" /> <meta name="product_code" content="j_ALLJOURNALS" /> <meta name="product_code" content="J_HUMCOM_1974_01_264" /> <meta name="product_code" content="J_4626810" /> <meta name="product_code" content="I_101605" /> <script> var SCM = SCM || {}; SCM.pubGradeAdsEnabled = true; SCM.pubGradeJSLibrary = 'https://cdn.pbgrd.com/core-oup-new.js'; </script> <script async="async" src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js"></script> <script> var googletag = googletag || {}; googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || []; </script> <script type='text/javascript'> var gptAdSlots = []; googletag.cmd.push(function() { var mapping_ad1 = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([1024, 0], [[970, 90], [728, 90]]) .addSize([768, 0], [728, 90]) .addSize([0, 0], [320, 50]) .build(); gptAdSlots["ad1"] = googletag.defineSlot('/116097782/hcr_InFront_Ad1', [[970, 90], [728, 90], [320, 50]], 'adBlockHeader') .defineSizeMapping(mapping_ad1) .addService(googletag.pubads()); var mapping_ad2 = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([768, 0], [[300, 250], [300, 600], [160, 600]]) .build(); gptAdSlots["ad2"] = googletag.defineSlot('/116097782/hcr_InFront_Ad2', [[300, 250], [160, 600], [300, 600]], 'adBlockMainBodyTop') .defineSizeMapping(mapping_ad2) .addService(googletag.pubads()); var mapping_ad3 = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([768, 0], [[300, 250], [300, 600], [160, 600]]) .build(); gptAdSlots["ad3"] = googletag.defineSlot('/116097782/hcr_InFront_Ad3', [[300, 250], [160, 600], [300, 600]], 'adBlockMainBodyBottom') .defineSizeMapping(mapping_ad3) .addService(googletag.pubads()); var mapping_ad4 = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([0,0], [320, 50]) .addSize([768, 0], [728, 90]) .build(); gptAdSlots["ad4"] = googletag.defineSlot('/116097782/hcr_InFront_Ad4', [728, 90], 'adBlockFooter') .defineSizeMapping(mapping_ad4) .addService(googletag.pubads()); var mapping_ad6 = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([1024, 0], [[970, 90], [728, 90]]) .addSize([768, 0], [728, 90]) .addSize([0, 0], [320, 50]) .build(); gptAdSlots["ad6"] = googletag.defineSlot('/116097782/hcr_InFront_Ad6', [[728, 90], [970, 90]], 'adBlockStickyFooter') .defineSizeMapping(mapping_ad6) .addService(googletag.pubads()); gptAdSlots["adInterstitial"] = googletag.defineOutOfPageSlot('/116097782/hcr_Interstitial_Ad', googletag.enums.OutOfPageFormat.INTERSTITIAL) .addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded', function (event) { if (!event.isEmpty) { $('.js-' + event.slot.getSlotElementId()).each(function () { if ($(this).find('iframe').length) { $(this).removeClass('hide'); } }); } }); googletag.pubads().addEventListener('impressionViewable', function (event) { if (!event.isEmpty) { $('.js-' + event.slot.getSlotElementId()).each(function () { var $adblockDiv = $(this).find('.js-adblock'); var $adText = $(this).find('.js-adblock-advertisement-text'); if ($adblockDiv && $adblockDiv.is(':visible') && $adblockDiv.find('*').length > 1) { $adText.removeClass('hide'); App.CenterAdBlock.Init($adblockDiv, $adText); } else { $adText.addClass('hide'); } //Initialize logic for Sticky Footer Ad var $stickyFooterDiv = $(this).parents('.js-sticky-footer-ad'); if ($stickyFooterDiv && $stickyFooterDiv.is(':visible') && $stickyFooterDiv.find('*').length > 1) { App.StickyFooterAd.Init(); } }); } }); googletag.pubads().setTargeting("jnlspage", "article-abstract"); googletag.pubads().setTargeting("jnlsurl", "hcr/article-abstract/4/2/143/4626810"); googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.pubads().disableInitialLoad(); googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs(); }); </script> <input type="hidden" class="hfInterstitial" data-interstitiallinks="hcr/issue,hcr/advance-articles,hcr/advance-article,hcr/supplements,hcr/article,hcr/article-abstract,hcr/pages" data-subdomain="hcr" /> <script type="text/javascript"> googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.pubads().setTargeting("jnlsdoi", "10.1111/j.1468-2958.1978.tb00604.x"); googletag.enableServices(); }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var NTPT_PGEXTRA= 'event_type=Login-full-text&supplier_tag=SC_Journals&object_type=Article&taxonomy=taxId%3a39%7ctaxLabel%3aAcademicSubjects%7cnodeId%3aGEN00325%7cnodeLabel%3aInterpersonal+and+Intergroup+Communication%7cnodeLevel%3a4%3btaxId%3a39%7ctaxLabel%3aAcademicSubjects%7cnodeId%3aGEN00327%7cnodeLabel%3aOrganizational+and+Institutional+Communication%7cnodeLevel%3a4&siteid=humcom&authzrequired=true&turnaway_id=SUB_NONE&doi=10.1111/j.1468-2958.1978.tb00604.x'; </script> <script src="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_js/casa.js" async></script> </head> <body data-sitename="humancommunicationresearch" class="off-canvas pg_Article pg_article " theme-hcr data-sitestyletemplate="Journal" > <noscript> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-W6DD7HV" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe> </noscript> <a href="#skipNav" class="skipnav">Skip to Main Content</a> <input id="hdnSiteID" name="hdnSiteID" type="hidden" value="6092" /><input id="hdnAdDelaySeconds" name="hdnAdDelaySeconds" type="hidden" value="5000" /><input id="hdnAdConfigurationTop" name="hdnAdConfigurationTop" type="hidden" value="scrolldelay" /><input id="hdnAdConfigurationRightRail" name="hdnAdConfigurationRightRail" type="hidden" value="sticky" /> <div class="master-container js-master-container"> <section class="master-header row js-master-header vt-site-page-header"> <div class="widget widget-SitePageHeader widget-instance-SitePageHeader"> <div class="ad-banner js-ad-banner-header"> <div class="widget widget-AdBlock widget-instance-HeaderAd"> <div class="js-adBlock-parent-wrap adblock-parent-wrap"> <div class="adBlockHeader-wrap js-adBlockHeader hide"> <div id="adBlockHeader" class="js-adblock at-adblock" data-lazy-load-margin="150"> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('adBlockHeader'); }); </script> </div> <div class="advertisement-text at-adblock js-adblock-advertisement-text hide">Advertisement</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="oup-header sigma "> <div class="center-inner-row"> <div class="oup-header-logo"> <a href="/"> <img src="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/UI/app/svg/umbrella/oxford-academic-logo.svg" alt="Oxford Academic" class="oup-header-image at-oup-header-image " /> </a> </div> <div class="widget widget-CustomNavLinks widget-instance-CustomNavLinksDeskTop"> <div class="custom-nav-links-box"> <div class="custom-nav-link"> <a href="/journals">Journals</a> </div> <div class="custom-nav-link"> <a href="/books">Books</a> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="oup-header-menu account-menu sigma-account-menu "> <li class="oup-header-menu-item mobile"> <a href="javascript:;" class="mobile-dropdown-toggle mobile-search-toggle"> <i class="icon-menu_search"><span class="screenreader-text">Search Menu</span></i> </a> </li> <li class="oup-header-menu-item mobile info-icon-menu-item"> <a href="/pages/information" target="_blank" class="at-info-button sigma-info-wrapper" role="button"> <img class="sigma-info-icon" src="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/UI/app/svg/i.svg" alt="Information" /> </a> </li> <li class="oup-header-menu-item mobile account-icon-menu-item"> <a href="javascript:;" class="account-button js-account-button at-account-button " role="button" data-turnawayparams="journal%3dhcr"> <img class="sigma-account-icon" src="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/UI/app/svg/account.svg" alt="Account" /> </a> </li> <li class="oup-header-menu-item mobile"> <a href="javascript:;" class="mobile-dropdown-toggle mobile-nav-toggle"> <i class="icon-menu_hamburger"><span class="screenreader-text">Menu</span></i> </a> </li> <li class="oup-header-menu-item desktop info-icon-menu-item"> <a href="/pages/information" target="_blank" class="at-info-button sigma-info-wrapper" role="button"> <img class="sigma-info-icon" src="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/UI/app/svg/i.svg" alt="Information" /> </a> </li> <li class="oup-header-menu-item desktop account-icon-menu-item"> <a href="javascript:;" class="account-button js-account-button at-account-button sigma-logo-wrapper" role="button" data-turnawayparams="journal%3dhcr"> <img class="sigma-account-icon" src="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/UI/app/svg/account.svg" alt="Account" /> </a> </li> <li class="oup-header-menu-item desktop account-icon-menu-item"> <div class="widget widget-SeamlessAccess widget-instance-SitePageHeader"> <a href="javascript:;" class="js-shibboleth-action seamless-access-button seamless-button-header button-call-to-action at-institutional-sign-in" rel="nofollow" data-action-type="" data-entity-id=""> <span class="seamless-access-text">Sign in through your institution</span> </a> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="login-box-placeholder js-login-box-placeholder hide"> <div class="spinner"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="dropdown-panel-wrap"> <div class="dropdown-panel mobile-search-dropdown"> <div class="mobile-search-inner-wrap"> <div class="navbar-search"> <div class="mobile-microsite-search"> <label for="SitePageHeader-mobile-navbar-search-filter" class="screenreader-text js-mobile-navbar-search-filter-label"> Navbar Search Filter </label> <select class="mobile-navbar-search-filter js-mobile-navbar-search-filter at-navbar-search-filter" id="SitePageHeader-mobile-navbar-search-filter"> <option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="">Human Communication Research</option><option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="Issue">This issue</option><option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="Parent">ICA Journals</option> <optgroup class="navbar-search-optgroup" label="Search across Oxford Academic"> <option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="AcademicSubjects/GEN00325">Interpersonal and Intergroup Communication</option><option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="AcademicSubjects/GEN00327">Organizational and Institutional Communication</option><option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="Books">Books</option><option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="Journals">Journals</option><option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="Umbrella">Oxford Academic</option> </optgroup> </select> <label for="SitePageHeader-mobile-microsite-search-term" class="screenreader-text js-mobile-microsite-search-term-label"> Mobile Enter search term </label> <input class="mobile-search-input mobile-microsite-search-term js-mobile-microsite-search-term at-microsite-search-term" type="text" maxlength="255" placeholder="Search" id="SitePageHeader-mobile-microsite-search-term"> <a href="javascript:;" class="mobile-microsite-search-icon mobile-search-submit icon-menu_search"> <span class="screenreader-text">Search</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="dropdown-panel mobile-nav-dropdown"> <ul class="site-menu site-menu-lvl-0 at-site-menu"> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-0 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704448"> <a href="/hcr/issue" class="nav-link"> Issues </a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-0 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704449"> <a href="/hcr/advance-articles" class="nav-link"> Advance Articles </a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-0 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704446"> <a href="javascript:;" class="nav-link js-nav-dropdown at-nav-dropdown" role="button" aria-expanded="false"> Submit <i class="desktop-nav-arrow icon-general-arrow-filled-down arrow-icon"></i> </a> <i class="mobile-nav-arrow icon-general_arrow-down"></i> <ul class="site-menu site-menu-lvl-1 at-site-menu"> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-1 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704450"> <a href="https://academic.oup.com/hcr/pages/General_Instructions" class="nav-link"> Author Guidelines </a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-1 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704451"> <a href="https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/hcr" class="nav-link"> Submission Site </a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-1 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704452"> <a href="https://academic.oup.com/hcr/pages/General_Instructions" class="nav-link"> Open Access </a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-1 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704453"> <a href="https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/access_purchase/rights_and_permissions/self_archiving_policy_f" class="nav-link"> Self-Archiving Policy </a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-1 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704454"> <a href="https://academic.oup.com/hcr/pages/publish-with-us" class="nav-link"> Why Submit? </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-0 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704455"> <a href="https://academic.oup.com/hcr/subscribe" class="nav-link"> Purchase </a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-0 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704456"> <a href="https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/help/journal_alerts" class="nav-link"> Alerts </a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-0 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704447"> <a href="javascript:;" class="nav-link js-nav-dropdown at-nav-dropdown" role="button" aria-expanded="false"> About <i class="desktop-nav-arrow icon-general-arrow-filled-down arrow-icon"></i> </a> <i class="mobile-nav-arrow icon-general_arrow-down"></i> <ul class="site-menu site-menu-lvl-1 at-site-menu"> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-1 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704457"> <a href="https://academic.oup.com/hcr/pages/About" class="nav-link"> About Human Communication Research </a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-1 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704458"> <a href="https://www.icahdq.org/" class="nav-link"> About International Communication Association </a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-1 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704459"> <a href="https://academic.oup.com/hcr/pages/Editorial_Board " class="nav-link"> Editorial Board </a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-1 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704460"> <a href="http://www.oupmediainfo.com/#!/" class="nav-link"> Advertising & Corporate Services </a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-1 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704461"> <a href="https://globaljobs-careernetwork.oxfordjournals.org/" class="nav-link"> Journals Career Network </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-0 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-custom"> <a href="/journals" class="nav-link">Journals on Oxford Academic</a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-0 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-custom"> <a href="/books" class="nav-link">Books on Oxford Academic</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="journal-header journal-bg"> <div class="center-inner-row"> <div class="site-parent-link-wrap"> <a href="//academic.oup.com/ica" class="site-parent-link">ICA Journals</a> </div> <a href="/hcr" class="journal-logo-container"> <img id="logo-HumanCommunicationResearch" class="journal-logo" src="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/data/SiteBuilderAssets/Live/Images/hcr/hcr_title-753680459.svg" alt="Human Communication Research" /> </a> <div class="society-logo-block"> <div class="society-block-inner-wrap"> <a href="https://www.icahdq.org/" target="" class="society-logo-container"> <img id="logo-InternationalCommunicationAssociation" class="society-logo" src="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/data/SiteBuilderAssets/Live/Images/hcr/hcr_h11449166745.svg" alt="International Communication Association" /> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="navbar"> <div class="center-inner-row"> <nav class="navbar-menu"> <ul class="site-menu site-menu-lvl-0 at-site-menu"> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-0 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704448"> <a href="/hcr/issue" class="nav-link"> Issues </a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-0 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704449"> <a href="/hcr/advance-articles" class="nav-link"> Advance Articles </a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-0 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704446"> <a href="javascript:;" class="nav-link js-nav-dropdown at-nav-dropdown" role="button" aria-expanded="false"> Submit <i class="desktop-nav-arrow icon-general-arrow-filled-down arrow-icon"></i> </a> <i class="mobile-nav-arrow icon-general_arrow-down"></i> <ul class="site-menu site-menu-lvl-1 at-site-menu"> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-1 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704450"> <a href="https://academic.oup.com/hcr/pages/General_Instructions" class="nav-link"> Author Guidelines </a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-1 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704451"> <a href="https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/hcr" class="nav-link"> Submission Site </a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-1 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704452"> <a href="https://academic.oup.com/hcr/pages/General_Instructions" class="nav-link"> Open Access </a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-1 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704453"> <a href="https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/access_purchase/rights_and_permissions/self_archiving_policy_f" class="nav-link"> Self-Archiving Policy </a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-1 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704454"> <a href="https://academic.oup.com/hcr/pages/publish-with-us" class="nav-link"> Why Submit? </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-0 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704455"> <a href="https://academic.oup.com/hcr/subscribe" class="nav-link"> Purchase </a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-0 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704456"> <a href="https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/help/journal_alerts" class="nav-link"> Alerts </a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-0 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704447"> <a href="javascript:;" class="nav-link js-nav-dropdown at-nav-dropdown" role="button" aria-expanded="false"> About <i class="desktop-nav-arrow icon-general-arrow-filled-down arrow-icon"></i> </a> <i class="mobile-nav-arrow icon-general_arrow-down"></i> <ul class="site-menu site-menu-lvl-1 at-site-menu"> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-1 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704457"> <a href="https://academic.oup.com/hcr/pages/About" class="nav-link"> About Human Communication Research </a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-1 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704458"> <a href="https://www.icahdq.org/" class="nav-link"> About International Communication Association </a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-1 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704459"> <a href="https://academic.oup.com/hcr/pages/Editorial_Board " class="nav-link"> Editorial Board </a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-1 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704460"> <a href="http://www.oupmediainfo.com/#!/" class="nav-link"> Advertising & Corporate Services </a> </li> <li class="site-menu-item site-menu-lvl-1 at-site-menu-item" id="site-menu-item-1704461"> <a href="https://globaljobs-careernetwork.oxfordjournals.org/" class="nav-link"> Journals Career Network </a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </nav> <div class="navbar-search-container js-navbar-search-container"> <a href="javascript:;" class="navbar-search-close js_close-navsearch">Close</a> <div class="navbar-search"> <div class="microsite-search"> <label for="SitePageHeader-navbar-search-filter" class="screenreader-text js-navbar-search-filter-label"> Navbar Search Filter </label> <select class="navbar-search-filter js-navbar-search-filter at-navbar-search-filter" id="SitePageHeader-navbar-search-filter"> <option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="">Human Communication Research</option><option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="Issue">This issue</option><option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="Parent">ICA Journals</option> <optgroup class="navbar-search-optgroup" label="Search across Oxford Academic"> <option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="AcademicSubjects/GEN00325">Interpersonal and Intergroup Communication</option><option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="AcademicSubjects/GEN00327">Organizational and Institutional Communication</option><option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="Books">Books</option><option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="Journals">Journals</option><option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="Umbrella">Oxford Academic</option> </optgroup> </select> <label for="SitePageHeader-microsite-search-term" class="screenreader-text js-microsite-search-term-label"> Enter search term </label> <input class="navbar-search-input microsite-search-term js-microsite-search-term at-microsite-search-term" type="text" maxlength="255" placeholder="Search" id="SitePageHeader-microsite-search-term"> <a href="javascript:;" class="microsite-search-icon navbar-search-submit icon-menu_search"> <span class="screenreader-text">Search</span> </a> </div> </div> <input id="hfCurrentBookSearch" name="hfCurrentBookSearch" type="hidden" value="" /><input id="hfCurrentBookScope" name="hfCurrentBookScope" type="hidden" value="CurrentBook" /><input id="hfBookSiteScope" name="hfBookSiteScope" type="hidden" value="Books" /><input id="hfSeriesScope" name="hfSeriesScope" type="hidden" value="taxWithOr" /><input id="hfParentSiteName" name="hfParentSiteName" type="hidden" value="ICA Journals" /><input id="hfParentSiteUrl" name="hfParentSiteUrl" type="hidden" value="academic.oup.com/ica" /><input id="hfSiteID" name="hfSiteID" type="hidden" value="6092" /><input id="hfParentSiteID" name="hfParentSiteID" type="hidden" value="6114" /><input id="hfJournalSiteScope" name="hfJournalSiteScope" type="hidden" value="Journals" /><input id="hfParentSiteScope" name="hfParentSiteScope" type="hidden" value="Parent" /><input id="hfDefaultSearchURL" name="hfDefaultSearchURL" type="hidden" value="search-results?page=1&q=" /><input id="hfIssueSearch" name="hfIssueSearch" type="hidden" value="&fl_IssueID=101605" /><input id="hfIssueSiteScope" name="hfIssueSiteScope" type="hidden" value="Issue" /><input id="hfUmbrellaScope" name="hfUmbrellaScope" type="hidden" value="Umbrella" /><input id="hfUmbrellaSiteUrl" name="hfUmbrellaSiteUrl" type="hidden" value="academic.oup.com" /><input id="hfUmbrellaSiteId" name="hfUmbrellaSiteId" type="hidden" value="191" /><input id="hfDefaultAdvancedSearchUrl" name="hfDefaultAdvancedSearchUrl" type="hidden" value="advanced-search?page=1&q=" /><input id="hfTaggedCollectionScope" name="hfTaggedCollectionScope" type="hidden" value="" /> <div class="navbar-search-advanced"><a href="/hcr/advanced-search" class="advanced-search js-advanced-search">Advanced Search</a></div> </div> <div class="navbar-search-collapsed"><a href="javascript:;" class="icon-menu_search js_expand-navsearch"><span class="screenreader-text">Search Menu</span></a></div> </div> </div> <input type="hidden" name="searchScope" id="hfSolrJournalID" value="" /> <input type="hidden" id="hfSolrJournalName" value="" /> <input type="hidden" id="hfSolrMaxAllowSearchChar" value="100" /> <input type="hidden" id="hfJournalShortName" value="" /> <input type="hidden" id="hfSearchPlaceholder" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="hfGlobalSearchSiteURL" id="hfGlobalSearchSiteURL" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="hfSearchSiteURL" id="hfSiteURL" value="academic.oup.com/hcr" /> <input type="hidden" name="RedirectSiteUrl" id="RedirectSiteUrl" value="httpszazjzjacademiczwoupzwcom" /> <script type="text/javascript"> (function () { var hfSiteUrl = document.getElementById('hfSiteURL'); var siteUrl = hfSiteUrl.value; var subdomainIndex = siteUrl.indexOf('/'); hfSiteUrl.value = location.host + (subdomainIndex >= 0 ? siteUrl.substring(subdomainIndex) : ''); })(); </script> <input id="routename" name="RouteName" type="hidden" value="hcr" /> </div> </section> <div class="widget widget-SitewideBanner widget-instance-"> </div> <div id="main" class="content-main js-main ui-base"> <section class="master-main row"> <div class="center-inner-row no-overflow"> <div id="skipNav" tabindex="-1"></div> <div class="page-column-wrap"> <div id="InfoColumn" class="page-column page-column--left js-left-nav-col"> <div class="mobile-content-topbar hide"> <button class="toggle-left-col toggle-left-col__article">Article Navigation</button> </div> <div class="info-inner-wrap js-left-nav"> <button class="toggle-left-col__close btn-as-icon icon-general-close"> <span class="screenreader-text">Close mobile search navigation</span> </button> <div class="responsive-nav-title">Article Navigation</div> <div class="info-widget-wrap"> <div class="widget widget-IssueInfo widget-instance-OUP_IssueInfo_Article"> <div id="issueInfo-OUP_IssueInfo_Article" class="article-info-wrap clearfix"> <i class="icon-general-close mobile-nav-btn nav-open"></i> <a class="article-issue-link" href="/hcr/issue/4/2"> <div class="article-issue-img"> <img id="issueImage" class="fb-featured-image" src="https://oup.silverchair-cdn.com/oup/backfile/Content_public/Journal/hcr/Issue/4/2/3/m_cover.gif?Expires=1735435900&Signature=DwguJR0WvjQE2txaAQbTDCYrdUhWBIVzYM~CNx7DYOQwZf5nHPDwCNMJBY~AfRjrtmYSKwMhKMcxba41fTMvl34BAoyE4QPji4WXlCcpbLY1u5L7si1Jd7-SXtCrAS7upv9Hu2cRUNJENfq9lyMF1TE2O11SSFlvCdT1QXnMNdo1Zj31BI7XfUjPpk~cDd5793sopHjYpCcMN8s7QCbKjh~XMOZv-g2wZcg7Bq-zKgheXEDkHQbdl~lWydsFIPXaPD4fvKbn3GDo3IYXTGctxDomD~5fnhlTlr9zu4C5D9KqHf7kU0mnvTDJF0l0D6CXuaAu0~BIvkPCv9ed5xgHsg__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIE5G5CRDK6RD3PGA" alt="Issue Cover" /> </div> <div class="article-issue-info"> <div class="volume-issue__wrap"> <div class="volume trailing-comma">Volume 4</div> <div class="issue">Issue 2</div> </div> <div class="ii-pub-date"> December 1978 </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="content-nav"> </div> <div class="widget widget-ArticleNavLinks widget-instance-OUP_ArticleNavLinks_Article"> <ul class="inline-list"> <li class="prev arrow"> <a href="/hcr/article/4/2/129/4626806">< Previous</a> </li> <li class="next arrow"> <a href="/hcr/article/4/2/158/4626817">Next ></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sticky-toolbar js-sticky-toolbar"></div> <div id="ContentColumn" class="page-column page-column--center"> <div class="article-browse-top article-browse-mobile-nav js-mobile-nav"> <div class="article-browse-mobile-nav-inner js-mobile-nav-inner"> <button class="toggle-left-col toggle-left-col__article btn-as-link"> Article Navigation </button> </div> </div> <div class="article-browse-top article-browse-mobile-nav mobile-sticky-toolbar js-mobile-nav-sticky"> <div class="article-browse-mobile-nav-inner"> <button class="toggle-left-col toggle-left-col__article btn-as-link"> Article Navigation </button> </div> </div> <div class="content-inner-wrap"> <div class="widget widget-ArticleTopInfo widget-instance-OUP_Abstract_ArticleTop_Info_Widget"> <div class="module-widget article-top-widget"> <div class="access-state-logos all-viewports"> <span class="journal-info__format-label">Journal Article</span> </div> <div class="widget-items"> <div class="title-wrap"> <h1 class="wi-article-title article-title-main accessible-content-title at-articleTitle"> A Follow-up Study of the Relationships among Trust, Disclosure, and Interpersonal Solidarity <i class='' title='' ></i> </h1> <a href="#no-access-message" class="get-access get-access-jumplink at-get-access-jumplink js-no-access-jumplink"> <span class="get-access-text">Get access</span> <img class='get-access-icon' src='/UI/app/svg/chevron-right-white.svg' alt='Arrow' aria-hidden='true'> </a> </div> <div class="wi-authors at-ArticleAuthors"> <div class="al-authors-list"> <span class="al-author-name-more js-flyout-wrap"> <button type="button" class="linked-name js-linked-name-trigger btn-as-link">Lawrence R. Wheeless</button><span class='delimiter'></span> <span class="al-author-info-wrap arrow-up"> <div class="info-card-author authorInfo_OUP_Abstract_ArticleTop_Info_Widget"> <div class="name-role-wrap"> <div class="info-card-name"> Lawrence R. Wheeless </div> </div> <div class="info-card-affilitation"> <div class="aff"><span class="label title-label">1</span>Lawrence R. Wheeless (Ph.D., Wayne State University, 1970) is associate professor and director of Graduate Studies in Speech Communication at West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506</div> </div> <div class="info-card-search-label"> Search for other works by this author on: </div> <div class="info-card-search info-card-search-internal"> <a href="/hcr/search-results?f_Authors=Lawrence+R.+Wheeless" rel="nofollow">Oxford Academic</a> </div> <div class="info-card-search info-card-search-google"> <a href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=author:%22Wheeless Lawrence R.%22">Google Scholar</a> </div> </div> </span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="pub-history-wrap clearfix js-history-dropdown-wrap"> <div class="pub-history-row clearfix"> <div class="ww-citation-primary"><em>Human Communication Research</em>, Volume 4, Issue 2, December 1978, Pages 143–157, <a href='https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1978.tb00604.x'>https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1978.tb00604.x</a></div> </div> <div class="pub-history-row clearfix"> <div class="ww-citation-date-wrap"> <div class="citation-label">Published:</div> <div class="citation-date">17 March 2006</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script> $(document).ready(function () { $('.article-top-widget').on('click', '.ati-toggle-trigger', function () { $(this).find('.icon-general-add, .icon-minus').toggleClass('icon-minus icon-general-add'); $(this).siblings('.ati-toggle-content').toggleClass('hide'); }); // In Chrome, an anchor tag with target="_blank" and a "mailto:" href opens a new tab/window as well as the email client // I suspect this behavior will be corrected in the future // Remove the target="_blank" $('ul.wi-affiliationList').find('a[href^="mailto:"]').each(function () { $(this).removeAttr('target'); }); }); </script> </div> <div class="widget widget-ArticleLinks widget-instance-OUP_Article_Links_Widget"> </div> <div class="article-body js-content-body"> <div class="toolbar-wrap js-toolbar-wrap"> <div class="toolbar-inner-wrap"> <ul id="Toolbar" role="navigation"> <li class="toolbar-item item-with-dropdown item-views"> <a class="at-views-dropdown drop-trigger" href="javascript:;" data-dropdown="FilterDrop" aria-haspopup="true"> <i class="icon-menu_views"></i> <div class="toolbar-label"> <div class="toolbar-text">Views</div> <i class="icon-general-arrow-filled-down arrow-icon"></i> </div> </a> <ul id="ViewsDrop" class="f-dropdown js-dropdown-content" data-dropdown-content aria-label="submenu"> <div class="arrow-up"></div> <li class="article-content-filter js-article-content-filter" data-content-filter="article-content"> <a href="javascript:;"><span>Article contents</span></a> </li> <li class="at-figures-tables article-content-filter js-article-content-filter" data-content-filter="figures-tables"> <a href="javascript:;"><span>Figures & tables</span></a> </li> <li class="article-content-filter js-article-content-filter" data-content-filter="video"> <a href="javascript:;"><span>Video</span></a> </li> <li class="article-content-filter js-article-content-filter" data-content-filter="audio"> <a href="javascript:;"><span>Audio</span></a> </li> <li class="article-content-filter js-article-content-filter" data-content-filter="supplementary-data"> <a href="javascript:;"><span>Supplementary Data</span></a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toolbar-item item-cite js-item-cite"> <div class="widget widget-ToolboxGetCitation widget-instance-OUP_Get_Citation"> <a href="#" class="js-cite-button at-CiteButton" data-reveal-id="getCitation" data-reveal> <i class="icon-read-more"></i> <span>Cite</span> </a> <div id="getCitation" class="reveal-modal js-citation-modal" data-reveal> <h3 class="modal-title">Cite</h3> <div class="oxford-citation-text"> <p>Lawrence R. Wheeless, A Follow-up Study of the Relationships among Trust, Disclosure, and Interpersonal Solidarity, <em>Human Communication Research</em>, Volume 4, Issue 2, December 1978, Pages 143–157, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1978.tb00604.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1978.tb00604.x</a></p> </div> <div class="citation-download-wrap"> <form action="/Citation/Download" method="get" id="citationModal"> <input type="hidden" name="resourceId" value="4626810" /> <input type="hidden" name="resourceType" value="3" /> <label for="selectFormat" class="hide js-citation-format-label">Select Format</label> <select required name="citationFormat" class="citation-download-format js-citation-format" id="selectFormat"> <option selected disabled >Select format</option> <option value="0" >.ris (Mendeley, Papers, Zotero)</option> <option value="1" >.enw (EndNote)</option> <option value="2" >.bibtex (BibTex)</option> <option value="3" >.txt (Medlars, RefWorks)</option> </select> <button class="btn citation-download-link disabled" type="submit">Download citation</button> </form> </div> <a class="close-reveal-modal" href="javascript:;"><i class="icon-general-close"></i><span class="screenreader-text">Close</span></a> </div> </div> </li> <li class="toolbar-item item-tools"> <div class="widget widget-ToolboxPermissions widget-instance-OUP_Get_Permissions"> <div class="module-widget"> <a href="https://s100.copyright.com/AppDispatchServlet?publisherName=OUP&publication=1468-2958&title=A%20Follow-up%20Study%20of%20the%20Relationships%20among%20Trust%2C%20Disclosure%2C%20and%20Interpersonal%20Solidarity&publicationDate=2006-03-17&volumeNum=4&issueNum=2&author=Wheeless%2C%20Lawrence%20R.&startPage=143&endPage=157&contentId=10.1111%2Fj.1468-2958.1978.tb00604.x&oa=&copyright=%C2%A9%201977%20International%20Communication%20Association&orderBeanReset=True" id="PermissionsLink" class="" target="_blank"> <i class="icon-menu_permissions"> <span class="screenreader-text">Permissions Icon</span> </i> Permissions </a> </div> </div> </li> <li class="toolbar-item item-with-dropdown item-share"> <a href="javascript:;" class="drop-trigger js-toolbar-dropdown at-ShareButton" data-dropdown="ShareDrop"> <i class="icon-menu_share"><span class="screenreader-text">Share Icon</span></i> <span class="toolbar-label"> <span class="toolbar-text">Share</span> <i class="arrow-icon icon-general-arrow-filled-down js-toolbar-arrow-icon"></i> </span> </a> <ul id="ShareDrop" class="addthis_toolbox addthis_default_style addthis_20x20_style f-dropdown js-dropdown-content" data-dropdown-content> <li> <a class="st-custom-button addthis_button_facebook js-share-link" data-network="facebook" data-title="Follow-up Study of the Relationships among Trust, Disclosure, and Interpersonal Solidarity" data-url="https://academic.oup.com/hcr/article-abstract/4/2/143/4626810" data-email-subject="Follow-up Study of the Relationships among Trust, Disclosure, and Interpersonal Solidarity" href="javascript:;"><span>Facebook</span></a> </li> <li> <a class="st-custom-button addthis_button_twitter js-share-link" data-network="twitter" data-title="Follow-up Study of the Relationships among Trust, Disclosure, and Interpersonal Solidarity" data-url="https://academic.oup.com/hcr/article-abstract/4/2/143/4626810" data-email-subject="Follow-up Study of the Relationships among Trust, Disclosure, and Interpersonal Solidarity" href="javascript:;"><span>Twitter</span></a> </li> <li> <a class="st-custom-button addthis_button_linkedin js-share-link" data-network="linkedin" data-title="Follow-up Study of the Relationships among Trust, Disclosure, and Interpersonal Solidarity" data-url="https://academic.oup.com/hcr/article-abstract/4/2/143/4626810" data-email-subject="Follow-up Study of the Relationships among Trust, Disclosure, and Interpersonal Solidarity" href="javascript:;"><span>LinkedIn</span></a> </li> <li> <a class="st-custom-button addthis_button_email js-share-link" data-network="email" data-title="Follow-up Study of the Relationships among Trust, Disclosure, and Interpersonal Solidarity" data-url="https://academic.oup.com/hcr/article-abstract/4/2/143/4626810" data-email-subject="Follow-up Study of the Relationships among Trust, Disclosure, and Interpersonal Solidarity" href="javascript:;"><span>Email</span></a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <div class="toolbar-search"> <div class="widget widget-SitePageHeader widget-instance-OUP_ArticleToolbarSearchBox"> <div class="dropdown-panel-wrap"> <div class="dropdown-panel mobile-search-dropdown"> <div class="mobile-search-inner-wrap"> <div class="navbar-search"> <div class="mobile-microsite-search"> <label for="OUP_ArticleToolbarSearchBox-mobile-navbar-search-filter" class="screenreader-text js-mobile-navbar-search-filter-label"> Navbar Search Filter </label> <select class="mobile-navbar-search-filter js-mobile-navbar-search-filter at-navbar-search-filter" id="OUP_ArticleToolbarSearchBox-mobile-navbar-search-filter"> <option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="">Human Communication Research</option><option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="Issue">This issue</option><option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="Parent">ICA Journals</option> <optgroup class="navbar-search-optgroup" label="Search across Oxford Academic"> <option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="AcademicSubjects/GEN00325">Interpersonal and Intergroup Communication</option><option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="AcademicSubjects/GEN00327">Organizational and Institutional Communication</option><option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="Books">Books</option><option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="Journals">Journals</option><option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="Umbrella">Oxford Academic</option> </optgroup> </select> <label for="OUP_ArticleToolbarSearchBox-mobile-microsite-search-term" class="screenreader-text js-mobile-microsite-search-term-label"> Mobile Enter search term </label> <input class="mobile-search-input mobile-microsite-search-term js-mobile-microsite-search-term at-microsite-search-term" type="text" maxlength="255" placeholder="Search" id="OUP_ArticleToolbarSearchBox-mobile-microsite-search-term"> <a href="javascript:;" class="mobile-microsite-search-icon mobile-search-submit icon-menu_search"> <span class="screenreader-text">Search</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="dropdown-panel mobile-nav-dropdown"> </div> </div> <div class="navbar"> <div class="center-inner-row"> <nav class="navbar-menu"> </nav> <div class="navbar-search-container js-navbar-search-container"> <a href="javascript:;" class="navbar-search-close js_close-navsearch">Close</a> <div class="navbar-search"> <div class="microsite-search"> <label for="OUP_ArticleToolbarSearchBox-navbar-search-filter" class="screenreader-text js-navbar-search-filter-label"> Navbar Search Filter </label> <select class="navbar-search-filter js-navbar-search-filter at-navbar-search-filter" id="OUP_ArticleToolbarSearchBox-navbar-search-filter"> <option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="">Human Communication Research</option><option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="Issue">This issue</option><option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="Parent">ICA Journals</option> <optgroup class="navbar-search-optgroup" label="Search across Oxford Academic"> <option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="AcademicSubjects/GEN00325">Interpersonal and Intergroup Communication</option><option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="AcademicSubjects/GEN00327">Organizational and Institutional Communication</option><option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="Books">Books</option><option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="Journals">Journals</option><option class="navbar-search-filter-option at-navbar-search-filter-option" value="Umbrella">Oxford Academic</option> </optgroup> </select> <label for="OUP_ArticleToolbarSearchBox-microsite-search-term" class="screenreader-text js-microsite-search-term-label"> Enter search term </label> <input class="navbar-search-input microsite-search-term js-microsite-search-term at-microsite-search-term" type="text" maxlength="255" placeholder="Search" id="OUP_ArticleToolbarSearchBox-microsite-search-term"> <a href="javascript:;" class="microsite-search-icon navbar-search-submit icon-menu_search"> <span class="screenreader-text">Search</span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="navbar-search-advanced"><a href="/hcr/advanced-search" class="advanced-search js-advanced-search">Advanced Search</a></div> </div> <div class="navbar-search-collapsed"><a href="javascript:;" class="icon-menu_search js_expand-navsearch"><span class="screenreader-text">Search Menu</span></a></div> </div> </div> <input id="routename" name="RouteName" type="hidden" value="hcr" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="ContentTab" class="content active"> <div class="widget widget-ArticleFulltext widget-instance-OUP_Abstract_Article_FullText_Widget"> <div class="module-widget"> <div class="widget-items" data-widgetname="ArticleFulltext"> <h2 scrollto-destination=104304614 id="104304614" class="abstract-title js-splitscreen-abstract-title" >Abstract</h2> <section class="abstract"><p class="chapter-para">This study conceptualized perceived trustworthiness of the individual, self-disclosure to the individual, perceived trustworthiness of people in general, and disclosive tendencies to other people in general to be indicants of a broader construct of trust. Self-disclosure and perceived trustworthiness of the individual were found to be related constructs assessing differential aspects of the trust construct. Likewise, self-disclosure and perceived trustworthiness of the individual were found to be criterial attributes of interpersonal solidarity. These communication-related phenomena indicated the solidarity of interpersonal relationships. In the progress of the research, a 20-item measure of perceived interpersonal solidarity was developed as a criterion for assessing the impact of communication-related variables on interpersonal relationships. Other exploratory research issues were investigated.</p></section> <div class="article-metadata-panel clearfix at-ArticleMetadata"></div> <!-- /foreach in Model.Sections --> <div class="widget widget-ArticlePubStateInfo widget-instance-OUP_ArticlePubStateInfo"> </div> <div class="pdf-notice"> This content is only available as a PDF. </div> <div class="article-metadata-standalone-panel clearfix"></div> <div class="copyright copyright-statement">© 1977 International Communication Association</div><!-- /foreach --> <span id="UserHasAccess" data-userHasAccess="False"></span> </div><!-- /.widget-items --> </div><!-- /.module-widget --> </div> <div class="widget widget-SolrResourceMetadata widget-instance-OUP_Article_ResourceMetadata_Widget"> <div class="article-metadata-panel solr-resource-metadata js-metadata-panel at-ContentMetadata"> <div class="article-metadata-tocSections"> <div class="article-metadata-tocSections-title">Issue Section:</div> <a href="/hcr/search-results?f_TocHeadingTitleList=Article">Article</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="widget widget-EditorInformation widget-instance-OUP_Article_EditorInformation_Widget"> </div> <div id="no-access-message" class="article-top-info-user-restricted-options"> You do not currently have access to this article. </div> <div id="ContentTabFilteredView"></div> <div class="downloadImagesppt js-download-images-ppt st-download-images-ppt"> <a id="lnkDownloadAllImages" class="js-download-all-images-link btn" href="/DownloadFile/DownloadImage.aspx?image=&PPTtype=SlideSet&ar=4626810&xsltPath=~/UI/app/XSLT&siteId=6092">Download all slides</a> </div> <div class="widget widget-ArticleDataRepositories widget-instance-Article_DryadLink"> </div> <div class="comments"> <div class="widget widget-UserCommentBody widget-instance-UserCommentBody_Article"> </div> <div class="widget widget-UserComment widget-instance-OUP_UserComment_Article"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="login-purchase-wrap"> <div id="article-purchase" class="unauth-row clearfix"> <div id="unauth" class="unauth-wrap"> <div class="widget widget-LoginBox widget-instance-LoginBox_UnAuthorizedLoginAndPaywall"> <div class="login-box" data-google-interstitial="false"> <div class="login-box__main-section-wrap"> <div class="login-box__section-wrap login-box_heading"> <div class="login-box__main-heading-wrap"> <h2>Sign in</h2> <a href="javascript:;" class="login-box__help js-login-help at-access-help"> <img class="login-box__help-icon" src="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/UI/app/svg/i.svg" alt="Information" /> <span>Get help with access</span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="login-box__section-wrap login-box-society"> <div class="widget widget-SocietyLinks widget-instance-SocietyLinks"> <div class="login-form__section login-form__row--lower"> <ul class="society-links "> <li class="society-links-listing"> <a href="https://www.icahdq.org/login.aspx?origurl=%node:current_encoded_url" class="society-links-logo"> <img src="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/data/SiteBuilderAssetsOriginals/Live/Images/hcr/hcr_soc_auth1.png" alt="International Communication Association"/> </a> <div class="society-links-text"> <h3 class="login-form__heading">International Communication Association members</h3> <a class="society-links-url button-call-to-action at-society-sign-in js-society-sign-in" href="https://www.icahdq.org/login.aspx?origurl=%node:current_encoded_url"> <span>Sign in through society site</span> <img class="society-link-icon" src="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/UI/app/svg/chevron-right-white.svg" alt="Arrow" aria-hidden="true"/> </a> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <input id="hfPlaceholderReturnUrlValue" name="hfPlaceholderReturnUrlValue" type="hidden" value="%node:current_encoded_url" /> </div> </div> <div class="login-box__section-wrap cols login-box_sign-in-accounts"> <div class="login-box__section column-border login-box_personal-account"> <h3 class="login-box__heading">Personal account</h3> <ul class="bullets"> <li>Sign in with email/username & password</li> <li>Get email alerts</li> <li>Save searches</li> <li>Purchase content</li> <li>Activate your purchase/trial code</li> <li>Add your ORCID iD</li> </ul> <div class="login-box__button-row"> <a rel="nofollow" class="button-call-to-action at-personal-sign-in js-sign-in-link" data-linkType="user-pass" href="javascript:;"> <span>Sign in</span> <img class="society-link-icon" src="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/UI/app/svg/chevron-right-white.svg" alt="Arrow" aria-hidden="true"/> </a> <a rel="nofollow" class="at-personal-register-link js-register-link" href="/my-account/register?siteId=6092&returnUrl=http%3a%2f%2facademic.oup.com%2fhcr%2farticle-abstract%2f4%2f2%2f143%2f4626810%3fredirectedFrom%3dfulltext">Register</a> </div> </div> <div class="login-box__section column-border login-box_institution"> <h3 class="login-box__heading">Institutional access</h3> <ol> <div class="widget widget-SeamlessAccess widget-instance-LoginBoxInstitutionalAccount"> <a href="javascript:;" class="login-box__sign-in-link js-shibboleth-action seamless-access-button seamless-button-login-box button-call-to-action at-institutional-sign-in" rel="nofollow" data-action-type="" data-entity-id=""> <span class="seamless-access-text">Sign in through your institution</span> </a> <div> <a href="javascript:;" class="login-box__sign-in-link js-shibboleth-action change-institution" rel="nofollow" data-action-type=""> Sign in through your institution </a> </div> </div> <li class="login-box__button-row"> <a rel="nofollow" class="login-box__sign-in-link js-sign-in-link" data-linkType="library-card" href="javascript:;">Sign in with a library card</a> </li> <li class="login-box__button-row"> <a rel="nofollow" class="login-box__sign-in-link js-sign-in-link at-institutional-sign-in-username" data-linkType="user-pass" href="javascript:;">Sign in with username/password</a> </li> <li class="login-box__button-row"> <a rel="nofollow" class="login-box__sign-in-link js-sign-in-link at-institutional-recommend" href="/pages/get-help-with-access/recommend-to-your-librarian?journal=hcr">Recommend to your librarian</a> </li> </ol> <h3 class="login-box__heading login-box__administrator_heading at-administrator-heading">Institutional account management</h3> <a rel="nofollow" class="login-box__sign-in-link js-sign-in-link" href="javascript:" data-linkType="user-pass">Sign in as administrator</a> </div> </div> <div id="divAccessHelp" class="accessHelp-modal small reveal-modal" data-reveal> <div tabindex="0" id="AccessHelpContainer" class="comment-form__wrap" data-reveal> <h2>Get help with access</h2> <h3>Institutional access</h3> <p> Access to content on Oxford Academic is often provided through institutional subscriptions and purchases. If you are a member of an institution with an active account, you may be able to access content in one of the following ways: </p> <h4>IP based access</h4> <p> Typically, access is provided across an institutional network to a range of IP addresses. This authentication occurs automatically, and it is not possible to sign out of an IP authenticated account. </p> <h4>Sign in through your institution</h4> <p> Choose this option to get remote access when outside your institution. Shibboleth/Open Athens technology is used to provide single sign-on between your institution’s website and Oxford Academic. </p> <ol class="order"> <li>Click Sign in through your institution.</li> <li>Select your institution from the list provided, which will take you to your institution's website to sign in.</li> <li>When on the institution site, please use the credentials provided by your institution. Do not use an Oxford Academic personal account.</li> <li>Following successful sign in, you will be returned to Oxford Academic.</li> </ol> <p> If your institution is not listed or you cannot sign in to your institution’s website, please contact your librarian or administrator. </p> <h4>Sign in with a library card</h4> <p> Enter your library card number to sign in. If you cannot sign in, please contact your librarian. </p> <h3>Society Members</h3> <p> Society member access to a journal is achieved in one of the following ways: </p> <h4>Sign in through society site</h4> <p> Many societies offer single sign-on between the society website and Oxford Academic. If you see ‘Sign in through society site’ in the sign in pane within a journal: </p> <ol class="order"> <li>Click Sign in through society site.</li> <li>When on the society site, please use the credentials provided by that society. Do not use an Oxford Academic personal account.</li> <li>Following successful sign in, you will be returned to Oxford Academic.</li> </ol> <p> If you do not have a society account or have forgotten your username or password, please contact your society. </p> <h4>Sign in using a personal account</h4> <p> Some societies use Oxford Academic personal accounts to provide access to their members. See below. </p> <h3>Personal account</h3> <p> A personal account can be used to get email alerts, save searches, purchase content, and activate subscriptions. </p> <p> Some societies use Oxford Academic personal accounts to provide access to their members. </p> <h3>Viewing your signed in accounts</h3> <p> Click the account icon in the top right to: </p> <ul> <li>View your signed in personal account and access account management features.</li> <li>View the institutional accounts that are providing access.</li> </ul> <h3>Signed in but can't access content</h3> <p> Oxford Academic is home to a wide variety of products. The institutional subscription may not cover the content that you are trying to access. If you believe you should have access to that content, please contact your librarian. </p> <h3>Institutional account management</h3> <p> For librarians and administrators, your personal account also provides access to institutional account management. Here you will find options to view and activate subscriptions, manage institutional settings and access options, access usage statistics, and more. </p> </div> <button class="accessHelp__close btn-as-icon icon-general-close js-access-help-close"> <span class="screenreader-text">Close access help modal</span> </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="widget widget-PurchaseOptions widget-instance-OUP_ArticlePage_PurchaseOptions"> <div class="purchase-wrap"> <h2 class="purchase-title">Purchase</h2> <div> <a class="purchase-subscription-links" href="/hcr/Subscribe/CurrentYear">Subscription prices and ordering for this journal</a> </div> <div> <a class="purchase-subscription-link" href="/pages/purchasing">Purchasing options for books and journals across Oxford Academic</a> </div> <div class="purchase-ppv-wrap-article clearfix"> <h3>Short-term Access</h3> <div class="register-ribbon-wrap"> <p> To purchase short-term access, please sign in to your personal account above. </p> <p> Don't already have a personal account? <a class="at-ShortTermAccess-Register" href="https://academic.oup.com/my-account/register?siteId=6092&returnUrl=https://academic.oup.com%2fhcr%2farticle-abstract%2f4%2f2%2f143%2f4626810%3fredirectedFrom%3dfulltext">Register</a> </p> </div> A Follow-up Study of the Relationships among Trust, Disclosure, and Interpersonal Solidarity - 24 Hours access <div class="purchase-currency-wrap"> <div class="purchase-currency"> EUR €38.00 </div> <div class="purchase-currency"> GBP £33.00 </div> <div class="purchase-currency"> USD $41.00 </div> </div> </div><!-- /.purchase-ppv-wrap-article --> </div><!-- /.purchase-wrap --> <div id="divDeepDive" class="deep-dive-wrap js-deepdyve-link" data-issn="" data-eissn="14682958" data-doi="10.1111/j.1468-2958.1978.tb00604.x" data-fieldname="journal_doi" data-affiliate="OUP"> <h3 class="deep-dive-title">Rental</h3> <div class="deep-dive-box"> <div class="deep-dive-img"> <a class="deepDiveLink" href="https://www.deepdyve.com/doc-view?docId=10.1111/j.1468-2958.1978.tb00604.x&fieldName=journal_doi&affiliateId=OUP" target="_blank"><img src="https://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/deepdyve-link-button.svg" style="border:none" alt="Read this now at DeepDyve" /></a> </div> <div class="deep-dive-text"> This article is also available for rental through DeepDyve. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="Sidebar" class="page-column page-column--right"> <div class="widget widget-AdBlock widget-instance-ArticlePageTopSidebar"> <div class="js-adBlock-parent-wrap adblock-parent-wrap"> <div class="adBlockMainBodyTop-wrap js-adBlockMainBodyTop hide"> <div id="adBlockMainBodyTop" class="js-adblock at-adblock" data-lazy-load-margin="150"> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('adBlockMainBodyTop'); }); </script> </div> <div class="advertisement-text at-adblock js-adblock-advertisement-text hide">Advertisement</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="widget widget-dynamic " data-count="1"> <div class="widget-dynamic-inner-wrap"> <div class="widget widget-dynamic " data-count="8"> <div class="widget-dynamic-inner-wrap"> <div class="widget widget-ArticleLevelMetrics widget-instance-Article_RightRailB0Article_RightRail_ArticleLevelMetrics"> <div class="artmet-wrapper horizontal-artmet"> <div class="contentmet-border"> <div class="contentmet-wrapper horizontal-contentmet"> <div class="contentmet-citations contentmet-badges-wrap js-contentmet-citations hide"> <h3 class="contentmet-text">Citations</h3> <div class="contentmet-item contentmet-dimensions"> <div class="widget widget-DimensionsBadge widget-instance-ArticleLevelMetrics_DimensionsBadge"> <span class="__dimensions_badge_embed__" data-doi="10.1111/j.1468-2958.1978.tb00604.x" data-legend="never" data-style="small_circle" data-hide-zero-citations="false"></span> <script async src="https://badge.dimensions.ai/badge.js" charset="utf-8"></script> </div> </div> </div> <div class="contentmet-views contentmet-badges-wrap js-contentmet-views"> <h3 class="contentmet-text">Views</h3> <div class="contentmet-item circle-text circle-text-views"> <div class="contentmet-number">117</div> </div> </div> <div class="contentmet-item contentmet-badges-wrap"> <h3 class="contentmet-text">Altmetric</h3> <div class="contentmet-item contentmet-altmetric"> <div class="widget widget-AltmetricLink widget-instance-ArticleLevelMetrics_AltmetricLinkSummary"> <!-- Altmetrics --> <div id="altmetricEmbedId" runat="server" class='altmetric-embed' data-badge-type="donut" data-hide-no-mentions="false" data-doi="10.1111/j.1468-2958.1978.tb00604.x" ></div> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://d1bxh8uas1mnw7.cloudfront.net/assets/embed.js'></script> </div> </div> </div> <div class="contentmet-modal-trigger-wrap clearfix"> <a href="javascript:;" class="artmet-modal-trigger js-artmet-modal-trigger at-alm-metrics-modal-trigger" data-resource-id="4626810" data-resource-type="3"> <img class="contentmet-info-icon" src="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/UI/app/svg/i.svg" alt="Information"> <span class="contentmet-more-info">More metrics information</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="artmet-modal js-artmet-modal" id="MetricsModal"> <div class="artmet-modal-contents js-metric-modal-contents at-alm-modal-contents"> <div class="artmet-full-wrap clearfix js-metric-full-wrap hide"> <div class="widget-title-1 artmet-widget-title-1">Metrics</div> <div class="artmet-item artmet-views-wrap"> <div class="artmet-views clearfix"> <div class="artmet-total-views"> <span class="artmet-text">Total Views</span> <span class="artmet-number">117</span> </div> <div class="artmet-breakdown-views-wrap"> <div class="artmet-breakdown-view breakdown-border"> <span class="artmet-number">22</span> <span class="artmet-text">Pageviews</span> </div> <div class="artmet-breakdown-view"> <span class="artmet-number">95</span> <span class="artmet-text">PDF Downloads</span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="artmet-views-since">Since 1/1/2018</div> </div> <script> var ChartistData = ChartistData || {}; ChartistData.data = { labels: ['Jan 2018', 'Feb 2018', 'Mar 2018', 'May 2018', 'Jan 2019', 'Jun 2019', 'Jul 2019', 'Sep 2019', 'Nov 2019', 'Dec 2019', 'Jan 2020', 'Apr 2020', 'May 2020', 'Jun 2020', 'Sep 2020', 'Feb 2021', 'Sep 2021', 'Oct 2021', 'Nov 2021', 'Feb 2022', 'Mar 2022', 'Jun 2022', 'Sep 2022', 'Oct 2022', 'Nov 2022', 'Dec 2022', 'Jan 2023', 'Mar 2023', 'Apr 2023', 'Jul 2023', 'Aug 2023', 'Oct 2023', 'Nov 2023', 'Dec 2023', 'Jan 2024', 'Feb 2024', 'Mar 2024', 'Apr 2024', 'May 2024', 'Aug 2024', 'Sep 2024', 'Oct 2024', 'Nov 2024'], series: [[1, 14, 20, 2, 2, 4, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 6, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 6, 1, 2, 4, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2]] }; </script> <div class="artmet-item artmet-chart"> <div class="ct-chart ct-octave js-ct-chart"></div> <div class="artmet-table"> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Month:</th> <th>Total Views:</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>January 2018</td> <td>1</td> </tr> <tr> <td>February 2018</td> <td>14</td> </tr> <tr> <td>March 2018</td> <td>20</td> </tr> <tr> <td>May 2018</td> <td>2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>January 2019</td> <td>2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>June 2019</td> <td>4</td> </tr> <tr> <td>July 2019</td> <td>1</td> </tr> <tr> <td>September 2019</td> <td>2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>November 2019</td> <td>2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>December 2019</td> <td>2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>January 2020</td> <td>3</td> </tr> <tr> <td>April 2020</td> <td>4</td> </tr> <tr> <td>May 2020</td> <td>2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>June 2020</td> <td>2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>September 2020</td> <td>1</td> </tr> <tr> <td>February 2021</td> <td>1</td> </tr> <tr> <td>September 2021</td> <td>2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>October 2021</td> <td>1</td> </tr> <tr> <td>November 2021</td> <td>2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>February 2022</td> <td>2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>March 2022</td> <td>6</td> </tr> <tr> <td>June 2022</td> <td>1</td> </tr> <tr> <td>September 2022</td> <td>1</td> </tr> <tr> <td>October 2022</td> <td>1</td> </tr> <tr> <td>November 2022</td> <td>1</td> </tr> <tr> <td>December 2022</td> <td>3</td> </tr> <tr> <td>January 2023</td> <td>1</td> </tr> <tr> <td>March 2023</td> <td>1</td> </tr> <tr> <td>April 2023</td> <td>6</td> </tr> <tr> <td>July 2023</td> <td>1</td> </tr> <tr> <td>August 2023</td> <td>2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>October 2023</td> <td>4</td> </tr> <tr> <td>November 2023</td> <td>2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>December 2023</td> <td>1</td> </tr> <tr> <td>January 2024</td> <td>2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>February 2024</td> <td>2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>March 2024</td> <td>2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>April 2024</td> <td>1</td> </tr> <tr> <td>May 2024</td> <td>1</td> </tr> <tr> <td>August 2024</td> <td>2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>September 2024</td> <td>2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>October 2024</td> <td>2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>November 2024</td> <td>2</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div class="artmet-stats-wrap clearfix"> <div class="artmet-item artmet-citations hide"> <div class="widget-title-2 artmet-widget-title-2">Citations</div> <div class="artmet-badges-wrap artmet-dimensions"> <div class="widget widget-DimensionsBadge widget-instance-ArticleLevelMetrics_DimensionsBadgeDetails"> <span class="__dimensions_badge_embed__" data-doi="10.1111/j.1468-2958.1978.tb00604.x" data-legend="always" data-style="" data-hide-zero-citations="false"></span> <script async src="https://badge.dimensions.ai/badge.js" charset="utf-8"></script> </div> <span class="artmet-dimensions-text">Powered by Dimensions</span> </div> </div> <div class="artmet-item artmet-altmetric js-show-if-unknown"> <div class="widget-title-2 artmet-widget-title-2">Altmetrics</div> <div class="artmet-badges-wrap js-artmet-badges"> <div class="widget widget-AltmetricLink widget-instance-ArticleLevelMetrics_AltmetricLinkDetails"> <!-- Altmetrics --> <div id="altmetricEmbedId" runat="server" class='altmetric-embed' data-badge-type="donut" data-hide-no-mentions="false" data-doi="10.1111/j.1468-2958.1978.tb00604.x" data-badge-details = "right" ></div> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://d1bxh8uas1mnw7.cloudfront.net/assets/embed.js'></script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <a class="artmet-close-modal js-artmet-close-modal">×</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="widget widget-Alerts widget-instance-Article_RightRailB0Article_RightRail_Alerts"> <div class="alertsWidget"> <h3>Email alerts</h3> <div class="userAlert alertType-1"> <a href="javascript:;" class="js-user-alert" role="button" data-userLoggedIn="False" data-alertType="1" href="javascript:;">Article activity alert</a> </div> <div class="userAlert alertType-3"> <a href="javascript:;" class="js-user-alert" role="button" data-userLoggedIn="False" data-alertType="3" href="javascript:;">Advance article alerts</a> </div> <div class="userAlert alertType-5"> <a href="javascript:;" class="js-user-alert" role="button" data-userLoggedIn="False" data-alertType="5" href="javascript:;">New issue alert</a> </div> <div class="userAlert alertType-MarketingLink"> <a href="javascript:;" class="js-user-alert" role="button" data-userLoggedIn="False" data-additionalUrl="/my-account/communication-preferences" href="javascript:;">Receive exclusive offers and updates from Oxford Academic</a> </div> <div class="userAlertSignUpModal reveal-modal small" data-reveal> <div class="userAlertSignUp at-userAlertSignUp"></div> <a href="javascript:;" role="button" aria-label="Close" class="close-reveal-modal" href="javascript:;"> <i class="icon-general-close"></i> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="widget widget-TrendMD widget-instance-Article_RightRailB0trendmd"> <div id="trendmd-suggestions"></div> <div class="options" data-suppress-if-hum-is-present="True"></div> </div> <div class="widget widget-ArticleCitedBy widget-instance-Article_RightRailB0Article_RightRail_ArticleCitedBy"> <div class="rail-widget_wrap vt-articles-cited-by"> <h3 class="article-cited-title">Citing articles via</h3> <div class="widget-links_wrap"> <div class="article-cited-link-wrap google-scholar-url"> <a href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=link:https%3A%2F%2Facademic.oup.com%2Fhcr%2Farticle%2F4%2F2%2F143%2F4626810" target="_blank">Google Scholar</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="widget widget-ArticleListNewAndPopular widget-instance-Article_RightRailB0Article_RightRail_ArticleNewPopularCombined"> <ul class="articleListNewAndPopularCombinedView"> <li> <h3> <a href="javascript:;" class="articleListNewAndPopular-mode active" data-mode="MostRecent">Latest</a> </h3> </li> <li> <h3> <a href="javascript:;" class="articleListNewAndPopular-mode " data-mode="MostRead">Most Read</a> </h3> </li> <li> <h3> <a href="javascript:;" class="articleListNewAndPopular-mode " data-mode="MostCited">Most Cited</a> </h3> </li> </ul> <section class="articleListNewPopContent articleListNewAndPopular-ContentView-MostRecent hasContent"> <div id="newPopularList-Article_RightRailB0Article_RightRail_ArticleNewPopularCombined" class="fb"> <div class="widget-layout widget-layout--vert "> <div class="widget-columns widget-col-1"> <div class="col"> <div class="widget-dynamic-entry journalArticleItem at-widget-entry-SCL"> <span class="hfDoi" data-attribute="10.1093/hcr/hqae019" aria-hidden="true"></span> <a class="journal-link" href="/hcr/advance-article/doi/10.1093/hcr/hqae019/7754856?searchresult=1"> <div class="widget-dynamic-journal-title"> Supportive communication as a collective phenomenon: a dynamic systems account of emotional support provision and outcomes in online health communities </div> </a> <div class="widget-dynamic-journal-image-synopsis"> <div class="widget-dynamic-journal-synopsis"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="widget-dynamic-entry journalArticleItem at-widget-entry-SCL"> <span class="hfDoi" data-attribute="10.1093/hcr/hqae018" aria-hidden="true"></span> <a class="journal-link" href="/hcr/advance-article/doi/10.1093/hcr/hqae018/7746070?searchresult=1"> <div class="widget-dynamic-journal-title"> Eudaimonic media for social good: the influence of meaningful media experiences on connectedness and health persuasion </div> </a> <div class="widget-dynamic-journal-image-synopsis"> <div class="widget-dynamic-journal-synopsis"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="widget-dynamic-entry journalArticleItem at-widget-entry-SCL"> <span class="hfDoi" data-attribute="10.1093/hcr/hqae016" aria-hidden="true"></span> <a class="journal-link" href="/hcr/advance-article/doi/10.1093/hcr/hqae016/7715002?searchresult=1"> <div class="widget-dynamic-journal-title"> The influence of threat and right-wing authoritarianism on the selection of online (dis)information—a conceptual replication and extension of Lavine et al. (2005) </div> </a> <div class="widget-dynamic-journal-image-synopsis"> <div class="widget-dynamic-journal-synopsis"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="widget-dynamic-entry journalArticleItem at-widget-entry-SCL"> <span class="hfDoi" data-attribute="10.1093/hcr/hqae017" aria-hidden="true"></span> <a class="journal-link" href="/hcr/advance-article/doi/10.1093/hcr/hqae017/7710684?searchresult=1"> <div class="widget-dynamic-journal-title"> On the nature of influence: identifying and characterizing superdiffusers in seven countries </div> </a> <div class="widget-dynamic-journal-image-synopsis"> <div class="widget-dynamic-journal-synopsis"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="widget-dynamic-entry journalArticleItem at-widget-entry-SCL"> <span class="hfDoi" data-attribute="10.1093/hcr/hqae015" aria-hidden="true"></span> <a class="journal-link" href="/hcr/article/50/4/545/7701473?searchresult=1"> <div class="widget-dynamic-journal-title"> Atoning vs. evading when caught transgressing: two multi-theory-based experiments investigating strategies for politicians responding to scandal </div> </a> <div class="widget-dynamic-journal-image-synopsis"> <div class="widget-dynamic-journal-synopsis"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> </section> <section class="articleListNewPopContent articleListNewAndPopular-ContentView-MostRead hide"> </section> <section class="articleListNewPopContent articleListNewAndPopular-ContentView-MostCited hide"> </section> </div> <div class="widget widget-RelatedTaxonomies widget-instance-Article_RightRailB0Article_RightRail_RelatedTaxonomies"> <div class="widget-related-taxonomies-wrap vt-related-taxonomies"> <div class="widget-related-taxonomies_title">More from Oxford Academic</div> <div class="widget-related-taxonomies"> <a id="more-from-oa-AcademicSubjects_GEN00260" class="related-taxonomies-link" href="/search-results?tax=AcademicSubjects/GEN00260">Communication Studies</a> </div> <div class="widget-related-taxonomies"> <a id="more-from-oa-AcademicSubjects_GEN00250" class="related-taxonomies-link" href="/search-results?tax=AcademicSubjects/GEN00250">Interdisciplinary Studies</a> </div> <div class="widget-related-taxonomies"> <a id="more-from-oa-AcademicSubjects_GEN00325" class="related-taxonomies-link" href="/search-results?tax=AcademicSubjects/GEN00325">Interpersonal and Intergroup Communication</a> </div> <div class="widget-related-taxonomies"> <a id="more-from-oa-AcademicSubjects_GEN00327" class="related-taxonomies-link" href="/search-results?tax=AcademicSubjects/GEN00327">Organizational and Institutional Communication</a> </div> <div class="widget-related-taxonomies"> <a id="more-from-oa-AcademicSubjects_SOC00010" class="related-taxonomies-link" href="/search-results?tax=AcademicSubjects/SOC00010">Social Sciences</a> </div> <div class="widget-related-taxonomies"> <a id="more-from-oa-format-Books" class="related-taxonomies-link" href="/books">Books</a> </div> <div class="widget-related-taxonomies"> <a id="more-from-oa-format-Journals" class="related-taxonomies-link" href="/journals">Journals</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="widget widget-AdBlock widget-instance-ArticlePageTopMainBodyBottom"> <div class="js-adBlock-parent-wrap adblock-parent-wrap"> <div class="adBlockMainBodyBottom-wrap js-adBlockMainBodyBottom hide"> <div id="adBlockMainBodyBottom" class="js-adblock at-adblock js-adblock-lazy-loading" data-lazy-load-margin="150"> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('adBlockMainBodyBottom'); }); </script> </div> <div class="advertisement-text at-adblock js-adblock-advertisement-text hide">Advertisement</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <input id="hfArticleTitle" name="hfArticleTitle" type="hidden" value="Follow-up Study of the Relationships among Trust, Disclosure, and Interpersonal Solidarity | Human Communication Research | Oxford Academic" /> <input id="hfLeftNavStickyOffset" name="hfLeftNavStickyOffset" type="hidden" value="29" /> </div><!-- /.center-inner-row no-overflow --> </section> </div> <div class="mobile-mask"> </div> <section class="footer_wrap vt-site-footer"> <div class="ad-banner-footer sticky-footer-ad js-sticky-footer-ad"> <div class="widget widget-AdBlock widget-instance-StickyFooterAd"> <div class="js-adBlock-parent-wrap adblock-parent-wrap"> <div class="adBlockStickyFooter-wrap js-adBlockStickyFooter hide"> <div id="adBlockStickyFooter" class="js-adblock at-adblock" data-lazy-load-margin="150"> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('adBlockStickyFooter'); }); </script> </div> <div class="advertisement-text at-adblock js-adblock-advertisement-text hide">Advertisement</div> <button type="button" class="close-footer-ad js-close-footer-ad"> <span class="screenreader-text">close advertisement</span> </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="widget widget-SitePageFooter widget-instance-SitePageFooter"> <div class="ad-banner ad-banner-footer"> <div class="widget widget-AdBlock widget-instance-FooterAd"> <div class="js-adBlock-parent-wrap adblock-parent-wrap"> <div class="adBlockFooter-wrap js-adBlockFooter hide"> <div id="adBlockFooter" class="js-adblock at-adblock js-adblock-lazy-loading" data-lazy-load-margin="150"> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('adBlockFooter'); }); </script> </div> <div class="advertisement-text at-adblock js-adblock-advertisement-text hide">Advertisement</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="journal-footer journal-bg"> <div class="center-inner-row"> <div class="journal-footer-menu"> <ul> <li class="link-1"> <a href="https://academic.oup.com/hcr/pages/About">About Human Communication Research</a> </li> <li class="link-2"> <a href="https://academic.oup.com/hcr/pages/Editorial_Board">Editorial Board</a> </li> <li class="link-3"> <a href="https://academic.oup.com/hcr/pages/General_Instructions">Author Guidelines</a> </li> <li class="link-4"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/International-Communication-Association-ICA-Official-Page-234368319927182/">Facebook</a> </li> <li class="link-5"> <a href="https://twitter.com/icahdq">X (formerly Twitter)</a> </li> </ul><ul><li class="link-1"> <a href="http://www.oxfordjournals.org/en/library-recommendation-form.html">Recommend to Your Librarian</a> </li> <li class="link-2"> <a href="http://www.oupmediainfo.com/#!/">Advertising and Corporate Services</a> </li> <li class="link-3"> <a href="https://globaljobs-careernetwork.oxfordjournals.org/">Journals Career Network</a> </li> </ul> </div><!-- /.journal-footer-menu --> <div class="journal-footer-affiliations"> <!-- <h3>Affiliations</h3> --> <a href="https://academic.oup.com/hcr" target=""> <img id="footer-logo-HumanCommunicationResearch" class="journal-footer-affiliations-logo" src="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/data/SiteBuilderAssets/Live/Images/hcr/hcr_f1-1617929884.svg" alt="Human Communication Research" /> </a> </div><!-- /.journal-footer-affiliations --> <div class="journal-footer-colophon"> <ul> <li>Online ISSN 1468-2958</li> <li>Copyright © 2024 International Communication Association</li> </ul> </div><!-- /.journal-footer-colophon --> </div><!-- /.center-inner-row --> </div><!-- /.journal-footer --> </div> <div class="oup-footer"> <div class="center-inner-row"> <div class="widget widget-SelfServeContent widget-instance-OupUmbrellaFooterSelfServe"> <input type="hidden" class="SelfServeContentId" value="GlobalFooter_Links" /> <input type="hidden" class="SelfServeVersionId" value="0" /> <div class="oup-footer-row journal-links"> <div class="global-footer selfservelinks"> <ul> <li><a href="/pages/about-oxford-academic">About Oxford Academic</a></li> <li><a href="/pages/about-oxford-academic/publish-journals-with-us">Publish journals with us</a></li> <li><a href="/pages/about-oxford-academic/our-university-press-partners">University press partners</a></li> <li><a href="/pages/what-we-publish">What we publish</a></li> <li><a href="/pages/new-features">New features</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="global-footer selfservelinks"> <ul> <li><a href="/pages/authoring">Authoring</a></li> <li><a href="/pages/open-research/open-access">Open access</a></li> <li><a href="/pages/purchasing">Purchasing</a></li> <li><a href="/pages/institutional-account-management">Institutional account management</a></li> <li><a href="https://academic.oup.com/pages/purchasing/rights-and-permissions">Rights and permissions</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="global-footer selfservelinks"> <ul> <li><a href="/pages/get-help-with-access">Get help with access</a></li> <li><a href="/pages/about-oxford-academic/accessibility">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="/pages/contact-us">Contact us</a></li> <li><a href="/pages/advertising">Advertising</a></li> <li><a href="/pages/media-enquiries">Media enquiries</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="global-footer selfservelinks global-footer-external"> <ul> <li><a href="https://global.oup.com/">Oxford University Press</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mynewsdesk.com/uk/oxford-university-press">News</a></li> <li><a href="https://languages.oup.com/">Oxford Languages</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.ox.ac.uk/">University of Oxford</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="OUP-mission"> <p>Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide</p> <img class="journal-footer-logo" src="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/UI/app/svg/umbrella/oup-logo.svg" alt="Oxford University Press" width="150" height="42" /> </div> </div> <div class="oup-footer-row"> <div class="oup-footer-row-links"> <ul> <li>Copyright © 2024 Oxford University Press</li> <li><button id="Change-Preferences" type="button" onclick="window.top.document.dispatchEvent(new Event('changeConsent'))">Cookie settings</button></li> <li><a href="https://global.oup.com/cookiepolicy">Cookie policy</a></li> <li><a href="https://global.oup.com/privacy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li><a href="/pages/legal-and-policy/legal-notice">Legal notice</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <style type="text/css"> /* Issue right column fix for tablet/mobile */ @media (max-width: 1200px) { .pg_issue .widget-instance-OUP_Issue { width: 100%; } } .sf-facet-list .sf-facet label, .sf-facet-list .taxonomy-label-wrap label { font-size: 0.9375rem; } .issue-pagination-wrap .pagination-container { float: right; } </style> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ss-ui-only"> </div> </section> </div> <div class="widget widget-SiteWideModals widget-instance-SiteWideModals"> <div id="revealModal" class="reveal-modal" data-reveal> <div id="revealContent"></div> <a class="close-reveal-modal" href="javascript:;"><i class="icon-general-close"></i><span class="screenreader-text">Close</span></a> </div> <div id="globalModalContainer" class="modal-global-container"> <div id="globalModalContent"> <div class="js-globalModalPlaceholder"></div> </div> <a class="close-modal js-close-modal" href="javascript:;"><i class="icon-general-close"><span class="screenreader-text">Close</span></i></a> </div> <div id="globalModalOverlay" class="modal-overlay js-modal-overlay"></div> <div id="NeedSubscription" class="reveal-modal small" data-reveal> <div class="subscription-needed"> <h5>This Feature Is Available To Subscribers Only</h5> <p><a href="/sign-in">Sign In</a> or <a href="/my-account/register?siteId=6092&returnUrl=%2fhcr%2farticle-abstract%2f4%2f2%2f143%2f4626810%3fredirectedFrom%3dfulltext">Create an Account</a></p> </div> <a class="close-reveal-modal" href="javascript:;"><i class="icon-general-close"></i><span class="screenreader-text">Close</span></a> </div> <div id="noAccessReveal" class="reveal-modal tiny" data-reveal> <p>This PDF is available to Subscribers Only</p> <a class="hide-for-article-page" id="articleLinkToPurchase" data-reveal><span>View Article Abstract & Purchase Options</span></a> <div class="issue-purchase-modal"> <p>For full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase an annual subscription.</p> </div> <a class="close-reveal-modal" href="javascript:;"><i class="icon-general-close"></i><span class="screenreader-text">Close</span></a> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> MathJax = { tex: { inlineMath: [['|$', '$|'], ['\\(', '\\)']] } }; </script> <script id="MathJax-script" async src="//cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@3/es5/tex-mml-chtml.js"></script> <!-- CookiePro Default Categories --> <!-- When the Cookie Compliance code loads, if cookies for the associated group have consent... it will dynamically change the tag to: script type=text/JavaScript... the code inside the tags will then be recognized and run as normal. --> <script> var NTPT_PGEXTRA = 'event_type=Login-full-text\u0026supplier_tag=SC_Journals\u0026object_type=Article\u0026taxonomy=taxId%3a39%7ctaxLabel%3aAcademicSubjects%7cnodeId%3aGEN00325%7cnodeLabel%3aInterpersonal+and+Intergroup+Communication%7cnodeLevel%3a4%3btaxId%3a39%7ctaxLabel%3aAcademicSubjects%7cnodeId%3aGEN00327%7cnodeLabel%3aOrganizational+and+Institutional+Communication%7cnodeLevel%3a4\u0026siteid=humcom\u0026authzrequired=true\u0026turnaway_id=SUB_NONE\u0026doi=10.1111/j.1468-2958.1978.tb00604.x'; </script> <!-- Copyright 2001-2010, IBM Corporation All rights reserved. --> <script type="text/javascript" src="//ouptag.scholarlyiq.com/ntpagetag.js" class="optanon-category-C0002"></script> <noscript> <img src="//ouptag.scholarlyiq.com/ntpagetag.gif?js=0" height="1" width="1" border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" alt="Scholarly IQ" /> </noscript> <script type="text/javascript" src="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/Themes/Client/app/jsdist/v-638669719712896271/site.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/chartist.js/latest/chartist.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/Themes/Client/app/jsdist/v-638669719629345371/article-page.min.js"></script> <div class="ad-banner js-ad-riser ad-banner-riser"> <div class="widget widget-AdBlock widget-instance-RiserAd"> </div> </div> <script src="//oup.silverchair-cdn.com/oup/scm.proxylogging.js"></script> <div class="end-of-page-js"></div> </body> </html>