CINXE.COM

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.header-site-link.active[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814]:after{content:"";top:100%;height:4.5px;width:20px;border-radius:100vh;left:50%;position:absolute;transform:translate(-50%)}header.transparent-mode[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] .banner-msg[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814], header.scroll-mode[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] .banner-msg[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814]{padding:3px 6px 0;background-color:#00000010;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:1;line-clamp:1;line-height:2.2;text-align:center}@media (min-width : 768px) and (min-height : 750px) and (max-height : 850px){header.scroll-mode[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] .header-body-container[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814]{height:30px}header.scroll-mode[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] .header-site-link[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814]{font-size:.96875rem}header.scroll-mode[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] .mat-icon[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814]{font-size:19px;width:1em;height:1em}header.scroll-mode[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] .middleContainer[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814]{padding:8px}}@media (min-width : 768px) and (min-height : 750px) and (max-height : 850px) and (min-width : 768px) and (min-height : 750px) and (max-height : 850px){header.scroll-mode[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] .middleContainer[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814]{padding:0 8px}}@media (min-width : 768px) and (min-height : 750px) and (max-height : 850px){header.scroll-mode[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] .logo-yeshiva.logo-yeshiva[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814]{font-size:.41875rem;--logo-yeshiva-size: 60px}}header.scroll-mode[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] .header-site-link.active[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814]:after{background-color:hsla(var(--curr-hue),87%,20%,.6)}@media (max-width : 767.999px){header[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] .second-row[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814]{display:none}}@media (min-width : 768px) and (max-width : 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li[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814]{font-size:1rem;padding:12px;border-top:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.062745098);font-weight:600;color:hsl(var(--curr-hue),81%,6%)}.curr-daily-time[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] ul.daily-time-list[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] li[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] span[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814]{font-weight:900}.curr-daily-time[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] ul.daily-time-list[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] li.xlarge[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814]{font-size:x-large}.curr-daily-time[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] ul.daily-time-list[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] li.closest-next[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814], .curr-daily-time[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] ul.daily-time-list[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] li.closest-main-time-next[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814]{color:#c70a1a}@media (any-hover: hover){.curr-daily-time[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] ul.daily-time-list[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] li[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814]:hover{background-color:#0000000d}}.curr-daily-time[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814]:hover ul.daily-time-list[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814]{max-height:400px}.sub-list-container[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] .sub-links-list[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814]{max-height:0;height:fit-content;transition:max-height .3s;overflow:hidden;width:150px;position:absolute;background-color:#fff;color:#000000c0;border-radius:12px;top:calc(100% + 10px);right:3%;z-index:2;box-shadow:0 0 5px #00000050}.LangEN[_nghost-ng-c3395870814] .sub-list-container[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] .sub-links-list[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814], .LangEN [_nghost-ng-c3395870814] .sub-list-container[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] .sub-links-list[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814]{right:unset;left:3%}.sub-list-container[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] .sub-links-list[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] li[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814]{font-size:1rem;border-top:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.062745098);font-weight:600;color:hsl(var(--curr-hue),81%,6%)}.sub-list-container[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] .sub-links-list[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] li[_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814] 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_ngcontent-ng-c3395870814 class="dedicationDateContainer darkBlueBackground whiteText inlineTopAngel page-width-padding-end ng-tns-c3395870814-1 ng-star-inserted"><section _ngcontent-ng-c3395870814 class="w100 padding-inline-10 flex bet a-center ng-tns-c3395870814-1"><section _ngcontent-ng-c3395870814 class="second-row w100 flex bet a-center ng-tns-c3395870814-1 ng-star-inserted"><div _ngcontent-ng-c3395870814 class="ng-tns-c3395870814-1"><a _ngcontent-ng-c3395870814 title="Calendar" href="/calendar" class="ng-tns-c3395870814-1"><span _ngcontent-ng-c3395870814 class="margin-inline-start-6 ng-tns-c3395870814-1"> Tuesday 3 Nissan 5785 </span></a></div><section _ngcontent-ng-c3395870814 class="daily-donor ng-tns-c3395870814-1"><p _ngcontent-ng-c3395870814 class="ng-tns-c3395870814-1">Dedicate the study in the website</p><a _ngcontent-ng-c3395870814 mat-raised-button href="/dedication" class="ng-tns-c3395870814-1 mdc-button mdc-button--raised mat-mdc-raised-button _mat-animation-noopable 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data-mat-icon-type="font">keyboard_arrow_right</mat-icon></a></btn-link-preview></section></bottom-header-area></section><section _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="relative padding-element"><header _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="content-header-area"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="titles-counter-wrapper flex bet a-start"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="textarea-container"><form _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 novalidate class="ng-untouched ng-pristine ng-valid ng-star-inserted"><input _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 name="contentEntity?.SubTitle" class="head-3 opacity-6 content-width" style="margin-top: 60px;" value disabled></form><textarea _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 name="contentEntity?.Title" class="head-2 content-width full-screen-textarea ng-untouched ng-pristine" disabled>The Holey Donut</textarea><section _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="ng-star-inserted"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="ng-star-inserted"><textarea _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 cols="80" name="contentEntity?.Synopsis" class="head-4 opacity-6 full-screen-textarea ng-untouched ng-pristine" disabled style="height: undefinedpx;">What brocha should I recite before eating a donut? Does it make a difference whether it is an American-style, hole-in-the-middle donut or an Israeli-style jelly donut? Must I separate challah from the donuts I am frying for Chanukah? I just purchased a donut shop that is quite distant from any Jewish community. Must I make sure that challah is taken?</textarea></section></section></section></section><section _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="box-author-dedication-wrapper flex a-center bet m-b-start-3ch ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="author-box flex a-center gap6" href="/rabbi/384"><img-text-box _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="author-box-img" _nghost-ng-c971377205><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c971377205 _nghost-ng-c1611377640 class="ng-tns-c1611377640-61 avatar-small zoom-in ng-star-inserted"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-61 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-61 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/Kaganoff.jpg" alt="undefined"></section></img-load-error-support><light-box _ngcontent-ng-c971377205 _nghost-ng-c1163812232 class="ng-tns-c1163812232-41 ng-star-inserted"></light-box></img-text-box><section _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="flex col author-mobile-date"><form _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 novalidate class="ng-untouched ng-pristine ng-valid"><input _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 name="author" id="rabbiDiv" class="head-3 pointer rabbi-width ng-untouched ng-pristine ng-valid" value></form><form _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 novalidate class="ng-untouched ng-pristine"><input _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 name="createdAt" id="dateDiv" class="head-4 ng-untouched ng-pristine" value="Sivan 20 5781" disabled></form></section></a></section><section _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="print-hide controller-content-container ng-star-inserted" style="margin-right: auto; display: flex; justify-content: flex-end; align-items: center; gap: 10px;"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="margin-12 counter-container print-hide flex a-center"><div _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="head-5 margin-inline-end-4"> 156 </div><mat-icon _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 role="img" class="mat-icon notranslate material-icons mat-icon-no-color" aria-hidden="true" data-mat-icon-type="font">visibility </mat-icon></section><favorite-btn _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 _nghost-ng-c2916165323><span _ngcontent-ng-c2916165323 class="mat-mdc-tooltip-trigger pointer"><button _ngcontent-ng-c2916165323 mat-icon-button mat-ripple-loader-uninitialized mat-ripple-loader-class-name="mat-mdc-button-ripple" class="mdc-icon-button mat-mdc-icon-button _mat-animation-noopable mat-unthemed mat-mdc-button-base ng-star-inserted" mat-ripple-loader-centered><span class="mat-mdc-button-persistent-ripple mdc-icon-button__ripple"></span><mat-icon _ngcontent-ng-c2916165323 role="img" class="mat-icon notranslate material-icons mat-icon-no-color" aria-hidden="true" data-mat-icon-type="font">bookmark_border</mat-icon><span class="mat-focus-indicator"></span><span class="mat-mdc-button-touch-target"></span></button></span></favorite-btn><span _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="mat-mdc-tooltip-trigger"><copy-content-btn></copy-content-btn></span><span _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="mat-mdc-tooltip-trigger"><print-btn></print-btn></span><button _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 mat-icon-button class="mat-mdc-tooltip-trigger mdc-icon-button mat-mdc-icon-button _mat-animation-noopable mat-unthemed mat-mdc-button-base" mat-ripple-loader-uninitialized mat-ripple-loader-class-name="mat-mdc-button-ripple" mat-ripple-loader-centered><span class="mat-mdc-button-persistent-ripple mdc-icon-button__ripple"></span><mat-icon _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 role="img" class="mat-icon notranslate material-icons mat-icon-no-color" aria-hidden="true" data-mat-icon-type="font">share</mat-icon><span class="mat-focus-indicator"></span><span class="mat-mdc-button-touch-target"></span></button></section><section _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="flex bet a-center margin-block-15"><time-min-content></time-min-content></section></header><div _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="divider-inline-start print-hide"></div></section><section _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="print-hide"><content-image-area class="ng-star-inserted"><br></content-image-area></section><section _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="padding-element"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 id="content-body"><content-body class="ng-star-inserted"><span class="content-width ng-star-inserted"><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b>Question #1: Holey Blessings<o:p></o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">“What <i>brocha</i> should I recite before eating a donut? Does it make a difference whether it is an American-style, hole-in-the-middle donut or an Israeli-style jelly donut?”<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b><o:p> </o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b>Question #1: Chanukah Donuts<o:p></o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">“Must I separate <i>challah </i>from the donuts I am frying for Chanukah?”<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b><o:p> </o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b>Question #3: Non-Jewish Consumers</b><o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">“I just purchased a donut shop that is quite distant from any Jewish community. Must I make sure that <i>challah</i> is taken?”<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b>Introduction:<o:p></o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">Although neither Israeli donuts nor Israeli latkes are usually made with holes in the middle, Americans envision donuts as a big zero, no doubt to remind them of the number of calories contained in the hole. <o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">Donuts are made from dough that is deep fried, or cooked in oil (these are two ways of saying the same thing). Because they are cooked, most authorities rule that the correct <i>brocha</i> before consuming them is <i>mezonos</i>. However, our opening questions require that we study the topic in greater depth. Doing so, we will discover that although reciting <i>mezonos</i> before consuming donuts is the accepted approach, it is not a universally held position, and that there are many <i>halachic</i> ramifications to this dispute. <o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">Analyzing this topic requires that we explain several major issues in the laws of separating<i> challah</i>, so that is where our discussion begins. We should note that throughout this entire article, the word <i>challah</i> will be used to refer to the portion removed from dough to fulfill the mitzvah of the Torah, and not to the special <i>Shabbos</i> bread.<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b>The Torah and <i>challah</i><o:p></o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">The Torah describes the mitzvah of <i>challah</i> in the following passage:<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><i>When you enter the land to which I am bringing you, it will be that, when you eat from the bread of the land, you shall separate a terumah offering for G-d. The first dough of your kneading troughs shall be separated as challah, like the terumah of your grain shall you separate it </i>(<i>Bamidbar </i>15:18-20).<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">Let us make several observations about this <i>posuk</i>, and then proceed to discuss them.<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Bread or dough?<o:p></o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">1. There appears to be an inconsistency in the words of the Torah. First, it refers to <i>when you eat from the bread of the land</i>, which implies that the requirement to separate <i>challah</i> begins only once it becomes bread. Yet, in the very next <i>posuk</i>, the Torah requires <i>challah</i> to be taken from <i>your kneading troughs, </i>implying that you separate <i>challah</i> when it is still dough. Which is true?<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b><o:p> </o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b><i>Terumah</i> or <i>challah</i>?<o:p></o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">2. The Torah refers to the part separated as a “<i>terumah offering</i>,” and then compares it to <i>the terumah of your grain</i>. In what way is <i>challah</i> like <i>terumah</i>?<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b>Consumer or manufacturer?<o:p></o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">3. The words of the Torah, <i>when you eat from the bread of the land, you shall separate a terumah offering</i>, imply that the obligation to take <i>challah</i> falls upon the consumer who will be eating the bread. However, the next verse states, <i>the first dough of<u> </u>your kneading troughs shall be separated as challah</i>, implying that the obligation falls upon the manufacturer. Why do two verses imply different laws?<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Bread or dough<o:p></o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The answer is that </span>the words of the Torah, <i>the first dough of your kneading troughs</i>, teaches that there is no requirement to separate <i>challah</i> unless there is as much dough as the amount of manna eaten daily by each member of the Jewish people in the desert, which, in their generation, was called “your kneading trough.” <i>Chazal</i> explain that this amount, called <i>ke’shiur i'sas midbar,</i> was equal to the volume of 43.2 eggs. In contemporary measure, we usually assume that this is approximately three to five pounds of flour. (For our purposes, it will suffice to use these round figures. I encourage each reader to ask his own<i> rav </i>or<i> posek</i> for exact quantities.) When there is a definite requirement to separate <i>challah</i>, one recites a <i>brocha</i> prior to fulfilling the mitzvah.<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">There is another reason why the Torah refers to the mitzvah both in regard to dough and to the finished bread. Usually, one should separate <i>challah</i> when the dough is mixed. However, there are situations in which one cannot separate <i>challah</i> as dough. In these instances, the Torah is teaching that we can also separate <i>challah</i> when it is already bread.<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b><i>Terumah</i> or <i>challah</i><o:p></o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">I noted above that<b> </b>the<b> </b>Torah refers to the separated dough as a “<i>terumah offering</i>,” and then compares it to <i>the terumah of your grain</i>. In what way is <i>challah</i> like <i>terumah</i>?<b><span lang="HE" dir="RTL"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><i><o:p> </o:p></i></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><i>Terumah</i> may be eaten only by a <i>kohen</i>, his wife, sons and unmarried daughters, and only when they are <i>tahor</i>. Since we are without the <i>parah adumah </i>today, we cannot achieve being fully <i>tahor</i>, and, therefore, we cannot eat <i>terumah</i>. The Torah here teaches that <i>challah</i> has the same laws as <i>terumah</i>, and therefore can be eaten only by members of the <i>kohen’s </i>family who are <i>tahor</i>.<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b><o:p> </o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b>Dough versus batter<o:p></o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">We find much discussion in the <i>Mishnah</i> regarding what type of product is included in the obligation to separate <i>challah</i> and a fundamental dispute among the early <i>baalei Tosafos</i> concerning these laws. Note that in the following discussion we differentiate between “dough,” a thick mixture which <i>Chazal</i> call <i>belilah avah</i>, and “batter,” a thin mixture which <i>Chazal</i> call <i>belilah rakah</i>. According to Rabbeinu Tam, any dough owned by a Jew is obligated in <i>challah</i>, even if one subsequently cooks or fries it (cited by many <i>rishonim</i>, including <i>Tosafos</i>, <i>Brochos</i> 37b s.v. <i>Lechem</i> and <i>Pesachim</i> 37b s.v. <i>Dekulei alma</i>). <o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">(Please note that some authorities who accept Rabbeinu Tam’s basic approach that any dough is obligated in <i>challah</i> still exempt dough manufactured for pasta, because of considerations beyond the scope of our topic (see <i>Tosafos, Brochos </i>37b, s.v. <i>Lechem</i>,<i> </i>quoting Rabbeinu Yechiel), but others hold that, according to Rabbeinu Tam, any product made from dough is obligated in <i>challah,</i> provided the batch was large enough (as described above).<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b>Intent<o:p></o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">A different <i>baal Tosafos</i>, the <i>Rash</i>, disagrees with Rabbeinu Tam, contending that one is not always obligated to separate <i>challah</i> from dough. There is such a requirement only when the owner intended to make the dough into bread. However, if the owner intended at the time that he kneaded the dough to cook or fry it, as one does when making donuts or <i>kreplach</i>, there is no obligation to separate <i>challah</i>. <o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b>Batter up<o:p></o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">Both Rabbeinu Tam and the <i>Rash</i> agree that there is no obligation to take <i>challah</i> from a batter (<i>belilah rakah</i>) unless it was subsequently baked into a bread-like food. In this instance, therefore, the obligation to separate <i>challah</i> does not take place until the bread is produced. Thus, according to both Rabbeinu Tam and the <i>Rash</i>, we can resolve why the Torah describes the mitzvah of <i>challah</i> sometimes in terms of <i>bread </i>and sometimes in terms of <i>dough</i>. In most instances, the obligation to separate <i>challah</i> is when the flour mixture becomes dough. However, there are instances, such as when preparing a batter, in which there is no obligation to separate <i>challah</i> until it becomes bread.<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b><i>Mezonos</i> or <i>hamotzi</i>?<o:p></o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">Many authorities explain that the dispute between Rabbeinu Tam and the <i>Rash</i> also affects which <i>brocha</i> one recites on a cooked or fried dough. They contend that, according to Rabbeinu Tam, since dough is obligated in <i>challah</i>, the <i>brocha</i> recited before eating dough that was then cooked or fried is <i>hamotzi</i>, the <i>brocha</i> recited afterwards is the full <i>bensching</i>,<i> </i>and that, prior to eating a cooked or fried dough product, there is a requirement to wash <i>netilas yadayim.</i> <o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">Others rule that one does not recite <i>hamotzi</i> unless another requirement is met – that the finished product, after the frying or cooking, has a bread-like appearance, called in Aramaic <i>turisa denahama</i> (<i>Tosafos</i>,<i> Pesachim</i> and <i>Brochos</i> 37b s.v. <i>Lechem</i>). The <i>halachic</i> basis for drawing a distinction between the mitzvah of <i>challah</i> and the <i>brocha</i> requirements is that the requirement to separate <i>challah</i> is established at the time the dough is mixed, whereas the <i>halachic</i> determination of which <i>brocha</i> to recite is determined by the finished product (<i>Rabbeinu Yonah, Brochos; Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chayim </i>168:13).<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b><o:p> </o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b>Baking part<o:p></o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">At this point, we will return to the laws of <i>challah,</i> in order to understand some of the rulings germane to the laws of <i>brochos</i>. A passage in the <i>Talmud</i> <i>Yerushalmi</i> teaches that someone who prepared a dough or batter with the intention of cooking or frying most of it, and leaving a small amount of the dough for baking, is obligated to separate <i>challah</i> from the entire dough, because of a rabbinic injunction. <o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">The passage reads as follows: <o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">A woman asked Rabbi Mana: ‘I want to make my dough into noodles. Is there a way for me to do so and be exempt from separating <i>challah</i>?’ He told her that it was possible. He then asked his father, Rabbi Yonah, who told him that she should not be exempt from separating <i>challah,</i> out of concern that she will use the rest as one usually processes dough (that is, into bread) (<i>Yerushalmi, Challah</i> 1:4). The <i>rishonim</i> explain that she intended to bake a small part of the dough, and therefore assumed that she is not obligated to separate <i>challah</i>. However, should she subsequently decide that she wanted to bake the entire dough, it would be obligated in <i>challah</i> <i>min haTorah</i>, and she might not realize that she is obligated to separate <i>challah.</i> In order to avoid creating this problem, <i>Chazal</i> required her to separate <i>challah</i> even when she intends to bake only a small amount (<i>Rosh, Pesachim </i>2:16; <i>Hilchos Challah </i>#2).<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b>Rabbeinu Tam and <i>Rash</i><o:p></o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">At this point, we must note that Rabbeinu Tam and the <i>Rash</i> will dispute exactly what happened in this case. According to Rabbeinu Tam, any time one mixes dough, he is obligated to separate <i>challah</i>. Therefore, the case described by this passage of <i>Yerushalmi</i> must have been where the woman was mixing a batter from which one is usually not obligated to separate <i>challah</i>, intending to bake a small amount, and to cook or fry the rest. Rabbi Yonah ruled that since she might decide to bake the entire batter, she is already obligated, <i>miderabbanan</i>, to separate <i>challah</i>. <o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">According to the <i>Rash</i>, the passage of <i>Yerushalmi</i> can be discussing dough, since the intention at the time of mixing to cook or fry dough exempts it from the mitzvah of separating <i>challah</i>.<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b>The Maharam Rottenberg<o:p></o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">Approximately a century after the time of the <i>Rash</i>, the greatest <i>halachic</i> authority in Germany was the Maharam Rottenberg. The Maharam did not want to take sides in this dispute between his two great predecessors, and so he devised the following approach, which he implemented in his own household:<b><o:p></o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">When preparing dough that one intends to cook or fry, the Maharam instructed that one bake a small amount of the dough. According to the <i>Rash</i>, although cooked or fried dough is exempt from <i>challah</i>, when baking some of the dough, one becomes obligated in separating <i>challah</i> because of the <i>takanah</i> established by the <i>Yerushalmi</i>. Therefore, this dough is obligated in <i>challah,</i> whether one holds like Rabbeinu Tam (because it is dough) or like the <i>Rash</i> (because one is baking part of it).<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">According to Rabbeinu Tam, one should recite a <i>brocha</i> prior to separating <i>challah</i> on dough that one intends to cook or fry, whereas according to the <i>Rash</i>, there is no obligation to separate <i>challah,</i> and this would be a<i> brocha levatalah</i>. To avoid taking sides in this dispute, the Maharam advised baking some of the dough, thus creating a responsibility to separate <i>challah</i> because of the <i>takanas chachamim</i>. <o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b>Which <i>brocha</i> when you eat?<o:p></o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">The <i>Tur</i> notes that the Maharam’s suggestion of baking some dough resolves only the question of separating <i>challah</i>. However, there is a separate, unresolved question – which <i>brocha</i> does one recite prior to eating a cooked or fried dough product? Rabbeinu Tam contends that the <i>brocha</i> on this product is <i>hamotzi</i>, which also means that one must wash <i>netilas yadayim </i>before eating it and recite <i>bensching</i> afterwards. The <i>Rash</i> maintains that the <i>brocha</i> before eating this food is <i>mezonos</i>, and the <i>brocha</i> afterwards is <i>al hamichyah</i>, and there is no requirement to wash <i>netilas yadayim</i>. How does one avoid taking sides in this dispute? The Maharam’s solution is to eat these products only after one first recited <i>hamotzi</i> on regular bread. <o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">Thus, one of our opening questions “What <i>brocha</i> should I recite before eating a donut?” was considered an unresolved conundrum by the <i>posek </i>of his generation, the Maharam. Since he considered it to be an unresolved <i>halachic</i> issue whether one should recite <i>hamotzi</i> or <i>mezonos</i> prior to eating donuts, he ate them only after first reciting <i>hamotzi</i> on bread. I suspect that low carbohydrate diets were not much in vogue in his day.<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b>How do we rule?<o:p></o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">Most authorities conclude that the correct <i>brocha</i> prior to eating a dough product that is cooked or fried is <i>mezonos</i>. The <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 168:13) and the <i>Rema </i>(ibid.) both follow the majority opinion that the correct <i>brocha</i> prior to eating a dough product that is cooked or fried is <i>mezonos</i>. However, the <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> also cites the minority opinion that one should recite <i>hamotzi</i> prior to eating a cooked dough product. He concludes that, to avoid any question, someone who is a <i>yarei shamayim</i> should eat a cooked dough product only after making <i>hamotzi</i> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>on a different item that is definitely bread -- what we presented above as the Maharam’s solution. The <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> refers to this as the way a G-d-fearing person should approach the matter. The <i>Rema </i>rules that accepted practice is to simply recite <i>mezonos.</i> Perhaps we could say that the <i>Rema </i>felt that a<i> yarei shamayim</i> can still be concerned about how many carbohydrates he eats!<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b>How do we rule concerning <i>challah</i>?<o:p></o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">According to the text accepted by most authorities, the <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Yoreh Deah</i> 329:3) concludes that dough that one intends to cook or fry is exempt from the requirement to separate <i>challah</i>, ruling against <i>Rabbeinu Tam</i>. However, the <i>Shach</i> contends that one should separate <i>challah</i> without a <i>brocha</i>. Thus, in his opinion, someone preparing a large quantity of donuts or <i>kreplach</i> is obligated to separate <i>challah</i>, albeit without a <i>brocha</i>. A caterer, restaurant or hotel cooking a large quantity of <i>kreplach</i> for a communal Purim <i>seudah</i> should have <i>challah</i> separated from the dough.<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">Many later authorities rule that one should take into consideration Rabbeinu Tam’s approach and separate <i>challah</i> from any dough more than three pounds, even when it will be cooked or fried. However, the <i>Shulchan Aruch Harav</i> (<i>Kuntrus Acharon, Orach Chayim </i>168:7) and the <i>Aruch Hashulchan</i> (<i>Yoreh Deah</i> 329:15) rule that one does not need to be concerned about Rabbeinu Tam’s position if one is making the dough in<i> chutz la’aretz</i>, since the requirement of separating <i>challah</i> there is certainly only<i> miderabbanan</i>.<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b>Non-Jewish Consumers<o:p></o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">At this point, we can address the third of our opening questions: “I just purchased a donut shop that is quite distant from any Jewish community. Must I make sure that <i>challah</i> is taken?”<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">Let me explain the background to this <i>shaylah</i>. A <i>frum</i> businessman purchased a franchised donut shop located nowhere near any Jewish<i> </i>community. His managers and employees are all non-Jewish. To avoid issues of being open on <i>Shabbos</i> and <i>Pesach</i>, the businessman used a type of <i>mechir Shabbos,</i> thereby sharing ownership of his business with a gentile, a highly controversial practice that is beyond the scope of this article. He had assumed that he had no responsibility to separate <i>challah</i>, either because he did not know that some authorities require this, or because he assumed that, since no customers are assuming that his products are kosher, he is not obligated to separate <i>challah</i>. This last assumption is incorrect. <o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b>Consumer or owner<o:p></o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">The obligation to separate <i>challah</i> is a positive requirement incumbent upon the owner, not simply a means of preventing a Jew from eating the finished product without <i>challah</i> having been separated. The requirement to separate <i>challah</i> depends on the ownership of the dough at the time it is mixed, not on who mixes it. In other words, if a Jew owns a bakery, he is required to separate <i>challah</i>, even if his workers are not Jewish. Should the owner not have separated <i>challah</i>, the consumer is obligated to do so before he may eat the finished product.<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">If a gentile does the kneading in a Jewish-owned household, nursing home or school, there is an obligation to separate <i>challah</i>. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On the other hand, there is no requirement to separate <i>challah</i> in a bakery owned by non-Jews, even if the employees are Jewish.<o:p></o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><o:p> </o:p></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;"><b>Conclusion<o:p></o:p></b></p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="direction: ltr;">Having discussed the <i>halachic</i> details of this mitzvah, it is worthwhile taking a glimpse at the following <i>Medrash </i>that underscores its vast spiritual significance: “In the merit of the following three mitzvos the world was created – in the merit of <i>challah</i>, in the merit of <i>maasros</i>, and in the merit of <i>bikkurim</i>” (<i>Bereishis Rabbah </i>1:4). Thus, besides gaining us eternal reward, this easily kept mitzvah helps keep our planet turning.<b><o:p></o:p></b></p><br><div style="direction: ltr;"></div><br>This Shiur is published also at <a href="http://rabbikaganoff.com" target="_new" rel="nofollow">Rabbi Kaganof's site</a></span><div class="divider-inline-start print-hide margin-block-12"></div><google-text-ad class="ad-in-content-list ng-tns-c385204070-36 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c385204070></google-text-ad></content-body></section><div _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="divider-inline-start margin-block-end-16 print-hide"></div><btn-link-list _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 mode="raised dark expansion-hover" listclass="j-start gap10 " class="print-hide" _nghost-ng-c3352685700><ul _ngcontent-ng-c3352685700 class="btn-link-list flex w100 j-start gap10 ng-star-inserted"><btn-link-preview _ngcontent-ng-c3352685700 class="ng-btn-link-preview ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c4293524646><a _ngcontent-ng-c4293524646 matripple 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class="ng-tns-c2832684538-70 minimal-mode ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-preview flex col relative w100 ng-tns-c2832684538-70 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeOutOnLeave minimal-mode" data-ribbon="NaN" href="/midrash/11631" target="_self"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-70"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="margin-inline-end-6 head-3 numbering ng-tns-c2832684538-70 ng-star-inserted" style> 1. </span><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-70 main-content"><div _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-70 ng-star-inserted" style><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-70">Looking for the Right Attributes</h3></div><h5 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-70"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 opacity-hover-10 ng-tns-c2832684538-70 ng-star-inserted" target="_self" style href="/rabbi/1"> Various Rabbis </a><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-70 ng-star-inserted" style>|</span><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-70 ng-star-inserted" style> 5769 </span></h5></section></section></a></content-preview><content-preview _ngcontent-ng-c1325394523 _nghost-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-71 minimal-mode ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-preview flex col relative w100 ng-tns-c2832684538-71 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeOutOnLeave minimal-mode" data-ribbon="NaN" href="/midrash/54105" target="_self"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-71"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="margin-inline-end-6 head-3 numbering ng-tns-c2832684538-71 ng-star-inserted" style> 2. </span><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-71 main-content"><div _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-71 ng-star-inserted" style><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-71">Unfortunate Disbelief in the Coexistence of Opposites</h3></div><h5 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-71"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 opacity-hover-10 ng-tns-c2832684538-71 ng-star-inserted" target="_self" style href="/rabbi/24"> Rabbi Shaul Yisraeli zt"l </a><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-71 ng-star-inserted" style>|</span><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-71 ng-star-inserted" style> 19 Sivan 5784 </span></h5></section></section></a></content-preview><content-preview _ngcontent-ng-c1325394523 _nghost-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-72 minimal-mode ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-preview flex col relative w100 ng-tns-c2832684538-72 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeOutOnLeave minimal-mode" data-ribbon="NaN" href="/midrash/31727" target="_self"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-72"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="margin-inline-end-6 head-3 numbering ng-tns-c2832684538-72 ng-star-inserted" style> 3. </span><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-72 main-content"><div _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-72 ng-star-inserted" style><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-72">When Silence Is Not Golden</h3></div><h5 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-72"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 opacity-hover-10 ng-tns-c2832684538-72 ng-star-inserted" target="_self" style href="/rabbi/98"> Rabbi Stewart Weiss </a><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-72 ng-star-inserted" style>|</span><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-72 ng-star-inserted" style> Sivan 17 5776 </span></h5></section></section></a></content-preview><content-preview _ngcontent-ng-c1325394523 _nghost-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-73 minimal-mode ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-preview flex col relative w100 ng-tns-c2832684538-73 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeOutOnLeave minimal-mode" data-ribbon="NaN" href="/midrash/54116" target="_self"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-73"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="margin-inline-end-6 head-3 numbering ng-tns-c2832684538-73 ng-star-inserted" style> 4. </span><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-73 main-content"><div _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-73 ng-star-inserted" style><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-73">When silence is not golden!</h3></div><h5 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-73"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 opacity-hover-10 ng-tns-c2832684538-73 ng-star-inserted" target="_self" style href="/rabbi/98"> Rabbi Stewart Weiss </a><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-73 ng-star-inserted" style>|</span><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-73 ng-star-inserted" style> 20 Sivan 5784 </span></h5></section></section></a></content-preview><content-preview _ngcontent-ng-c1325394523 _nghost-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-74 minimal-mode ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-preview flex col relative w100 ng-tns-c2832684538-74 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeOutOnLeave minimal-mode" data-ribbon="NaN" href="/midrash/44743" target="_self"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-74"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="margin-inline-end-6 head-3 numbering ng-tns-c2832684538-74 ng-star-inserted" style> 5. </span><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-74 main-content"><div _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-74 ng-star-inserted" style><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-74">What is going on?</h3></div><h5 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-74"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 opacity-hover-10 ng-tns-c2832684538-74 ng-star-inserted" target="_self" style href="/rabbi/931"> Rabbi Jonathan Sacks </a><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-74 ng-star-inserted" style>|</span><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-74 ng-star-inserted" style> Sivan 15 5780 </span></h5></section></section></a></content-preview></ul></content-list><google-text-ad _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="ad-in-content-list ng-tns-c385204070-6 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c385204070></google-text-ad></ul></section><section _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="content-lists-container"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="head-3 opacity-hover-6" href="/midrash/series">Lessons Series</a><section _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="seriesPage"><filter-box _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 _nghost-ng-c1449713803><section _ngcontent-ng-c1449713803 class="filter-form-content"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1449713803 class="relative filter-box-wrapper content-area"><header _ngcontent-ng-c1449713803 class="w100 flex a-center j-start padding-8" style="justify-content: space-around;"></header><filter-form _ngcontent-ng-c1449713803 _nghost-ng-c266631436><form _ngcontent-ng-c266631436 novalidate class="filter-box a-center ng-untouched ng-pristine ng-valid"><button _ngcontent-ng-c266631436 type="button" class="mobileTabsFilters"> Subjects</button><button _ngcontent-ng-c266631436 type="button" class="mobileTabsFilters"> Rabbis</button><button _ngcontent-ng-c266631436 type="button" class="mobileTabsFilters ng-star-inserted"> media</button><section _ngcontent-ng-c266631436 class="controller-container"><button _ngcontent-ng-c266631436 matripple type="submit" class="mat-ripple margin-inline-8 pointer ng-star-inserted"><mat-icon _ngcontent-ng-c266631436 role="img" class="mat-icon notranslate material-icons mat-icon-no-color" aria-hidden="true" data-mat-icon-type="font">search</mat-icon></button><section _ngcontent-ng-c266631436 class="flex a-center gap12"></section></section></form><mat-menu _ngcontent-ng-c266631436 dir="ltr"></mat-menu></filter-form><filter-dropdown-list _ngcontent-ng-c1449713803 _nghost-ng-c4004234735 class="ng-tns-c4004234735-8 ng-star-inserted"></filter-dropdown-list></section></section></filter-box></section></section></div></aside></section><section _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="print-hide ng-star-inserted"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="content-list-bottom"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="padding-element"><content-box _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 _nghost-ng-c3105361103 class="ng-tns-c3105361103-37 ng-star-inserted"><section _ngcontent-ng-c3105361103 class="main-container relative content-box flex col ng-tns-c3105361103-37 horizontal-mode"><header-content-box _ngcontent-ng-c3105361103 class="padding-block-16 ng-tns-c3105361103-37 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c4025261622><section _ngcontent-ng-c4025261622 class="flex col a-center"><header _ngcontent-ng-c4025261622 class="flex a-center bet gap4 margin-main-container j-center t-center"><a _ngcontent-ng-c4025261622 class="head-2 opacity-hover-7 padding-block-start-15 ng-star-inserted" href="/midrash/category/50"> Shlach Lecha </a></header></section></header-content-box><content-list _ngcontent-ng-c3105361103 _nghost-ng-c1325394523 class="ng-tns-c3105361103-37 ng-star-inserted"><ul _ngcontent-ng-c1325394523 class><content-preview _ngcontent-ng-c1325394523 _nghost-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-62 default-mode ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-preview flex col relative w100 ng-tns-c2832684538-62 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeOutOnLeave default-mode" data-ribbon="NaN" href="/midrash/11631" target="_self"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="relative main-img-container ng-tns-c2832684538-62 ng-star-inserted" style><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 imgclass="ratio-16-9" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 class="ng-tns-c1611377640-66 ng-tns-c2832684538-62 ng-star-inserted"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-66 ratio-16-9 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-66 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/printAnonimusImgRav.jpg" alt="undefined"></section></img-load-error-support><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-type-icon-container flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-62"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="access-time ng-tns-c2832684538-62"> </span></section></section><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-62"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-62 main-content"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="category-link opacity-hover-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-62 ng-star-inserted" href="/midrash/category/50" target="_self" style>Shlach Lecha</a><div _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-62 ng-star-inserted" style><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-62">Looking for the Right Attributes</h3></div><h5 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-62"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 opacity-hover-10 ng-tns-c2832684538-62 ng-star-inserted" target="_self" style href="/rabbi/1"> Various Rabbis </a><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-62 ng-star-inserted" style>|</span><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-62 ng-star-inserted" style> 5769 </span></h5></section></section></a></content-preview><content-preview _ngcontent-ng-c1325394523 _nghost-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-63 default-mode ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-preview flex col relative w100 ng-tns-c2832684538-63 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeOutOnLeave default-mode" data-ribbon="NaN" href="/midrash/54105" target="_self"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="relative main-img-container ng-tns-c2832684538-63 ng-star-inserted" style><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 imgclass="ratio-16-9" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 class="ng-tns-c1611377640-67 ng-tns-c2832684538-63 ng-star-inserted"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-67 ratio-16-9 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-67 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/Risraeli.jpg" alt="undefined"></section></img-load-error-support><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-type-icon-container flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-63"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="access-time ng-tns-c2832684538-63"> </span></section></section><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-63"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-63 main-content"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="category-link opacity-hover-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-63 ng-star-inserted" href="/midrash/category/470" target="_self" style>Parashat Hashavua</a><div _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-63 ng-star-inserted" style><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-63">Unfortunate Disbelief in the Coexistence of Opposites</h3><h4 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="subtitle ng-tns-c2832684538-63 ng-star-inserted"> 1988 – from Siach Shaul, p. 388-390 </h4></div><h5 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-63"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 opacity-hover-10 ng-tns-c2832684538-63 ng-star-inserted" target="_self" style href="/rabbi/24"> Rabbi Shaul Yisraeli zt"l </a><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-63 ng-star-inserted" style>|</span><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-63 ng-star-inserted" style> 19 Sivan 5784 </span></h5></section></section></a></content-preview><content-preview _ngcontent-ng-c1325394523 _nghost-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-64 default-mode ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-preview flex col relative w100 ng-tns-c2832684538-64 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeOutOnLeave default-mode" data-ribbon="NaN" href="/midrash/31727" target="_self"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="relative main-img-container ng-tns-c2832684538-64 ng-star-inserted" style><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 imgclass="ratio-16-9" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 class="ng-tns-c1611377640-68 ng-tns-c2832684538-64 ng-star-inserted"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-68 ratio-16-9 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-68 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/SWeiss.jpg" alt="undefined"></section></img-load-error-support><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-type-icon-container flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-64"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="access-time ng-tns-c2832684538-64"> </span></section></section><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-64"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-64 main-content"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="category-link opacity-hover-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-64 ng-star-inserted" href="/midrash/category/50" target="_self" style>Shlach Lecha</a><div _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-64 ng-star-inserted" style><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-64">When Silence Is Not Golden</h3></div><h5 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-64"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 opacity-hover-10 ng-tns-c2832684538-64 ng-star-inserted" target="_self" style href="/rabbi/98"> Rabbi Stewart Weiss </a><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-64 ng-star-inserted" style>|</span><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-64 ng-star-inserted" style> Sivan 17 5776 </span></h5></section></section></a></content-preview><content-preview _ngcontent-ng-c1325394523 _nghost-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-65 default-mode ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-preview flex col relative w100 ng-tns-c2832684538-65 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeOutOnLeave default-mode" data-ribbon="NaN" href="/midrash/54116" target="_self"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="relative main-img-container ng-tns-c2832684538-65 ng-star-inserted" style><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 imgclass="ratio-16-9" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 class="ng-tns-c1611377640-69 ng-tns-c2832684538-65 ng-star-inserted"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-69 ratio-16-9 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-69 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/SWeiss.jpg" alt="undefined"></section></img-load-error-support><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-type-icon-container flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-65"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="access-time ng-tns-c2832684538-65"> </span></section></section><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-65"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-65 main-content"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="category-link opacity-hover-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-65 ng-star-inserted" href="/midrash/category/50" target="_self" style>Shlach Lecha</a><div _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-65 ng-star-inserted" style><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-65">When silence is not golden!</h3></div><h5 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-65"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 opacity-hover-10 ng-tns-c2832684538-65 ng-star-inserted" target="_self" style href="/rabbi/98"> Rabbi Stewart Weiss </a><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-65 ng-star-inserted" style>|</span><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-65 ng-star-inserted" style> 20 Sivan 5784 </span></h5></section></section></a></content-preview></ul></content-list><section _ngcontent-ng-c3105361103 class="flex-dir a-center bet gap4 margin-main-container ng-tns-c3105361103-37 ng-star-inserted"><btn-link-preview _ngcontent-ng-c3105361103 mode="display raised dark" class="padding-block-16 margin-middle ng-tns-c3105361103-37 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c4293524646><a _ngcontent-ng-c4293524646 matripple class="mat-mdc-tooltip-trigger mat-ripple display raised dark btn-link pointer flex a-center j-center ng-star-inserted" href="/midrash/category/50"> Shlach Lecha <mat-icon _ngcontent-ng-c4293524646 role="img" class="mat-icon notranslate material-icons mat-icon-no-color ng-star-inserted" aria-hidden="true" data-mat-icon-type="font">keyboard_arrow_right</mat-icon></a></btn-link-preview></section></section></content-box></section><rav-summary _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="sideMargin ng-tns-c2162555985-38 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c2162555985><div _ngcontent-ng-c2162555985 class="ng-tns-c2162555985-38"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2162555985 class="rav-header relative ng-tns-c2162555985-38 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2162555985 class="w100 h100 ng-tns-c2162555985-38" href="/rabbi/384"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2162555985 class="flex a-start margin-main-container padding-block-20 ng-tns-c2162555985-38"><img-text-box _ngcontent-ng-c2162555985 class="ng-tns-c2162555985-38" _nghost-ng-c971377205><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c971377205 _nghost-ng-c1611377640 class="ng-tns-c1611377640-76 avatar-medium zoom-in ng-star-inserted" style><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-76 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-76 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/Kaganoff.jpg" alt="undefined"></section></img-load-error-support><light-box _ngcontent-ng-c971377205 _nghost-ng-c1163812232 class="ng-tns-c1163812232-75 ng-star-inserted" style></light-box></img-text-box><section _ngcontent-ng-c2162555985 class="flex col a-start padding-inline-start-6 ng-tns-c2162555985-38"><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c2162555985 class="head-3 margin-block-end-4 ng-tns-c2162555985-38"> Rabbi Yirmiyohu Kaganoff </h3><h5 _ngcontent-ng-c2162555985 class="head-4 opacity-7 ng-tns-c2162555985-38">Was the Rabbi of the Young Israel of Greater Buffalo, the Congregation Darchei Tzedek and also served as a dayan on the Beis Din of Baltimore. Now is a Rabbi in Neve Yaakov, Jerusalem. His Shiurim and Q&A can be found on his site: www.rabbikaganoff.com</h5></section></section></a></section><section _ngcontent-ng-c2162555985 class="padding-element ng-tns-c2162555985-38"><content-list _ngcontent-ng-c2162555985 class="ng-tns-c2162555985-38" _nghost-ng-c1325394523><ul _ngcontent-ng-c1325394523 class><content-preview _ngcontent-ng-c1325394523 _nghost-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-77 default-mode ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-preview flex col relative w100 ng-tns-c2832684538-77 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeOutOnLeave default-mode" data-ribbon="NaN" href="/midrash/6870" target="_self"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="relative main-img-container ng-tns-c2832684538-77 ng-star-inserted" style><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 imgclass="ratio-16-9" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 class="ng-tns-c1611377640-81 ng-tns-c2832684538-77 ng-star-inserted"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-81 ratio-16-9 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-81 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/Kaganoff.jpg" alt="undefined"></section></img-load-error-support><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-type-icon-container flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-77"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="access-time ng-tns-c2832684538-77"> </span></section></section><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-77"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-77 main-content"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="category-link opacity-hover-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-77 ng-star-inserted" href="/midrash/category/408" target="_self" style>The Ninth of Av</a><div _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-77 ng-star-inserted" style><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-77">They are Washed During the Nine Days</h3></div><h5 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-77"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-77 ng-star-inserted" style> 5767 </span></h5></section></section></a></content-preview><content-preview _ngcontent-ng-c1325394523 _nghost-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-78 default-mode ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-preview flex col relative w100 ng-tns-c2832684538-78 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeOutOnLeave default-mode" data-ribbon="NaN" href="/midrash/48874" target="_self"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="relative main-img-container ng-tns-c2832684538-78 ng-star-inserted" style><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 imgclass="ratio-16-9" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 class="ng-tns-c1611377640-82 ng-tns-c2832684538-78 ng-star-inserted"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-82 ratio-16-9 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-82 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/Kaganoff.jpg" alt="undefined"></section></img-load-error-support><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-type-icon-container flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-78"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="access-time ng-tns-c2832684538-78"> </span></section></section><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-78"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-78 main-content"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="category-link opacity-hover-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-78 ng-star-inserted" href="/midrash/category/122" target="_self" style>Korbanot</a><div _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-78 ng-star-inserted" style><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-78">Can we Identify the True Eizov?</h3></div><h5 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-78"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-78 ng-star-inserted" style> Shvat 1 5782 </span></h5></section></section></a></content-preview><content-preview _ngcontent-ng-c1325394523 _nghost-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-79 default-mode ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-preview flex col relative w100 ng-tns-c2832684538-79 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeOutOnLeave default-mode" data-ribbon="NaN" href="/midrash/51677" target="_self"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="relative main-img-container ng-tns-c2832684538-79 ng-star-inserted" style><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 imgclass="ratio-16-9" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 class="ng-tns-c1611377640-83 ng-tns-c2832684538-79 ng-star-inserted"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-83 ratio-16-9 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-83 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/Kaganoff.jpg" alt="undefined"></section></img-load-error-support><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-type-icon-container flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-79"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="access-time ng-tns-c2832684538-79"> </span></section></section><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-79"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-79 main-content"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="category-link opacity-hover-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-79 ng-star-inserted" href="/midrash/category/750" target="_self" style>Davening in a Minyan</a><div _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-79 ng-star-inserted" style><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-79">Early Maariv </h3></div><h5 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-79"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-79 ng-star-inserted" style> 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alt="undefined"></section></img-load-error-support><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-type-icon-container flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-80"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="access-time ng-tns-c2832684538-80"> </span></section></section><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-80"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-80 main-content"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="category-link opacity-hover-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-80 ng-star-inserted" href="/midrash/category/408" target="_self" style>The Ninth of Av</a><div _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-80 ng-star-inserted" style><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-80">Selected Halachos of the Days of Tisha B’Av</h3></div><h5 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-80"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-80 ng-star-inserted" style> 5767 </span></h5></section></section></a></content-preview></ul></content-list></section><footer _ngcontent-ng-c2162555985 class="flex a-center j-center gap16 margin-block-30 ng-tns-c2162555985-38 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted"><btn-link-preview _ngcontent-ng-c2162555985 mode="raised dark expansion-hover" class="ng-tns-c2162555985-38" _nghost-ng-c4293524646><a _ngcontent-ng-c4293524646 matripple class="mat-mdc-tooltip-trigger mat-ripple raised dark expansion-hover btn-link pointer flex a-center j-center ng-star-inserted" href="/midrash/filter?rabbi=401" style> All the rabbi's lessons (649) <mat-icon _ngcontent-ng-c4293524646 role="img" class="mat-icon notranslate material-icons mat-icon-no-color ng-star-inserted" aria-hidden="true" data-mat-icon-type="font">keyboard_arrow_right</mat-icon></a></btn-link-preview><btn-link-preview _ngcontent-ng-c2162555985 mode="raised dark expansion-hover" _nghost-ng-c4293524646 class="ng-tns-c2162555985-38 ng-star-inserted" style><a _ngcontent-ng-c4293524646 matripple class="mat-mdc-tooltip-trigger mat-ripple raised dark expansion-hover btn-link pointer flex a-center j-center ng-star-inserted" href="/ask/filter?rabbi=13"> All the rabbi's answers (88) <mat-icon _ngcontent-ng-c4293524646 role="img" class="mat-icon notranslate material-icons mat-icon-no-color ng-star-inserted" aria-hidden="true" data-mat-icon-type="font">keyboard_arrow_right</mat-icon></a></btn-link-preview></footer></div></rav-summary></section><content-box _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 _nghost-ng-c3105361103 class="ng-tns-c3105361103-39 ng-star-inserted"><section _ngcontent-ng-c3105361103 class="main-container relative content-box flex col ng-tns-c3105361103-39 horizontal-mode"><header-content-box _ngcontent-ng-c3105361103 class="padding-block-16 ng-tns-c3105361103-39 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c4025261622><section _ngcontent-ng-c4025261622 class="flex col a-center"><header _ngcontent-ng-c4025261622 class="flex a-center bet gap4 margin-main-container j-center t-center"><a _ngcontent-ng-c4025261622 class="head-2 cursor-initial padding-block-start-15 ng-star-inserted"> Popular Lessons </a></header></section></header-content-box><content-list _ngcontent-ng-c3105361103 _nghost-ng-c1325394523 class="ng-tns-c3105361103-39 ng-star-inserted"><ul _ngcontent-ng-c1325394523 class><content-preview _ngcontent-ng-c1325394523 _nghost-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-44 default-mode ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-preview flex col relative w100 ng-tns-c2832684538-44 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeOutOnLeave default-mode" data-ribbon="NaN" href="/midrash/38454" target="_self"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="relative main-img-container ng-tns-c2832684538-44 ng-star-inserted" style><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 imgclass="ratio-16-9" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 class="ng-tns-c1611377640-48 ng-tns-c2832684538-44 ng-star-inserted"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-48 ratio-16-9 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-48 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/Kaganoff.jpg" alt="undefined"></section></img-load-error-support><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-type-icon-container flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-44"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="access-time ng-tns-c2832684538-44"> </span></section></section><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-44"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-44 main-content"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="category-link opacity-hover-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-44 ng-star-inserted" href="/midrash/category/51" target="_self" style>Korach</a><div _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-44 ng-star-inserted" style><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-44">The Halachos of Pidyon Haben</h3></div><h5 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-44"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 opacity-hover-10 ng-tns-c2832684538-44 ng-star-inserted" target="_self" style href="/rabbi/384"> Rabbi Yirmiyohu Kaganoff </a><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-44 ng-star-inserted" style>|</span><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-44 ng-star-inserted" style> Sivan 29 5778 </span></h5></section></section></a></content-preview><content-preview _ngcontent-ng-c1325394523 _nghost-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-45 default-mode ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-preview flex col relative w100 ng-tns-c2832684538-45 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeOutOnLeave default-mode" data-ribbon="NaN" href="/midrash/20587" target="_self"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="relative main-img-container ng-tns-c2832684538-45 ng-star-inserted" style><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 imgclass="ratio-16-9" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 class="ng-tns-c1611377640-49 ng-tns-c2832684538-45 ng-star-inserted"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-49 ratio-16-9 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-49 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/Kaganoff.jpg" alt="undefined"></section></img-load-error-support><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-type-icon-container flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-45"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="access-time ng-tns-c2832684538-45"> </span></section></section><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-45"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-45 main-content"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="category-link opacity-hover-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-45 ng-star-inserted" href="/midrash/category/7" target="_self" style>Torah Portion</a><div _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-45 ng-star-inserted" style><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-45">Double Parashiyot</h3><h4 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="subtitle ng-tns-c2832684538-45 ng-star-inserted"> When is it a good idea to have doubles? </h4></div><h5 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-45"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 opacity-hover-10 ng-tns-c2832684538-45 ng-star-inserted" target="_self" style href="/rabbi/384"> Rabbi Yirmiyohu Kaganoff </a><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-45 ng-star-inserted" style> </span></h5></section></section></a></content-preview><content-preview _ngcontent-ng-c1325394523 _nghost-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-46 default-mode ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-preview flex col relative w100 ng-tns-c2832684538-46 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeOutOnLeave default-mode" data-ribbon="NaN" href="/midrash/28372" target="_self"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="relative main-img-container ng-tns-c2832684538-46 ng-star-inserted" style><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 imgclass="ratio-16-9" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 class="ng-tns-c1611377640-50 ng-tns-c2832684538-46 ng-star-inserted"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-50 ratio-16-9 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-50 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/SiteProjects/YeshivaModels/Handlers/InternalFiles.ashx?act=pictures&f=35027" alt="undefined"></section></img-load-error-support><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-type-icon-container flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-46"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="access-time ng-tns-c2832684538-46"> </span></section></section><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-46"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-46 main-content"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="category-link opacity-hover-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-46 ng-star-inserted" href="/midrash/category/378" target="_self" style>Prayer</a><div _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-46 ng-star-inserted" style><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-46">Several Laws of Torah Reading</h3><h4 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="subtitle ng-tns-c2832684538-46 ng-star-inserted"> Chapter Twenty Two-Part One </h4></div><h5 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-46"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 opacity-hover-10 ng-tns-c2832684538-46 ng-star-inserted" target="_self" style href="/rabbi/5"> Rabbi Eliezer Melamed </a><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-46 ng-star-inserted" style>|</span><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-46 ng-star-inserted" style> 5775 </span></h5></section></section></a></content-preview><content-preview _ngcontent-ng-c1325394523 _nghost-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-47 default-mode ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-preview flex col relative w100 ng-tns-c2832684538-47 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeOutOnLeave default-mode" data-ribbon="NaN" href="/midrash/37844" target="_self"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="relative main-img-container ng-tns-c2832684538-47 ng-star-inserted" style><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 imgclass="ratio-16-9" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 class="ng-tns-c1611377640-51 ng-tns-c2832684538-47 ng-star-inserted"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-51 ratio-16-9 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-51 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/Kaganoff.jpg" alt="undefined"></section></img-load-error-support><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-type-icon-container flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-47"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="access-time ng-tns-c2832684538-47"> </span></section></section><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-47"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-47 main-content"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="category-link opacity-hover-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-47 ng-star-inserted" href="/midrash/category/329" target="_self" style>The Laws of Chametz & Matzah</a><div _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-47 ng-star-inserted" style><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-47">May I Enter the Room that I Sold to the Non-Jew?</h3></div><h5 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-47"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 opacity-hover-10 ng-tns-c2832684538-47 ng-star-inserted" target="_self" style href="/rabbi/384"> Rabbi Yirmiyohu Kaganoff </a><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-47 ng-star-inserted" style>|</span><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-47 ng-star-inserted" style> Nisan 13 5778 </span></h5></section></section></a></content-preview></ul></content-list></section></content-box><content-box _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 _nghost-ng-c3105361103 class="ng-tns-c3105361103-40 ng-star-inserted"><section _ngcontent-ng-c3105361103 class="main-container relative content-box flex col ng-tns-c3105361103-40 horizontal-mode"><section _ngcontent-ng-c3105361103 class="margin-main-container ng-tns-c3105361103-40 ng-star-inserted"></section><header-content-box _ngcontent-ng-c3105361103 class="padding-block-16 ng-tns-c3105361103-40 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c4025261622><section _ngcontent-ng-c4025261622 class="flex col a-center"><header _ngcontent-ng-c4025261622 class="flex a-center bet gap4 margin-main-container j-center t-center"><a _ngcontent-ng-c4025261622 class="head-2 opacity-hover-7 padding-block-start-15 ng-star-inserted" href="/midrash/47317/filter?desc=true"> Recent Lessons </a></header></section></header-content-box><content-list _ngcontent-ng-c3105361103 _nghost-ng-c1325394523 class="ng-tns-c3105361103-40 ng-star-inserted"><ul _ngcontent-ng-c1325394523 class><content-preview _ngcontent-ng-c1325394523 _nghost-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-53 default-mode ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-preview flex col relative w100 ng-tns-c2832684538-53 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeOutOnLeave default-mode" data-ribbon="NaN" href="/midrash/56473" target="_self"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="relative main-img-container ng-tns-c2832684538-53 ng-star-inserted" style><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 imgclass="ratio-16-9" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 class="ng-tns-c1611377640-57 ng-tns-c2832684538-53 ng-star-inserted"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 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ng-tns-c2832684538-54"> 58 min</span><mat-icon _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 role="img" class="mat-icon notranslate pointer cursor-initial ng-tns-c2832684538-54 material-icons mat-icon-no-color ng-star-inserted" aria-hidden="true" data-mat-icon-type="font">videocam</mat-icon></section></section><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-54"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-54 main-content"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="category-link opacity-hover-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-54 ng-star-inserted" href="/midrash/category/241" target="_self" style>Sanhedrin</a><div _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-54 ng-star-inserted" style><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-54">Daf Yomi Sanhedrin Daf 100</h3></div><h5 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-54"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 opacity-hover-10 ng-tns-c2832684538-54 ng-star-inserted" target="_self" style 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class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-59 ratio-16-9 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-59 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/AriShvat.jpg" alt="undefined"></section></img-load-error-support><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-type-icon-container flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-55"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="access-time ng-tns-c2832684538-55"> 42 min</span><mat-icon _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 role="img" class="mat-icon notranslate pointer cursor-initial ng-tns-c2832684538-55 material-icons mat-icon-no-color ng-star-inserted" aria-hidden="true" data-mat-icon-type="font">volume_up </mat-icon></section></section><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-55"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-55 main-content"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="category-link opacity-hover-6 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ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-preview flex col relative w100 ng-tns-c2832684538-56 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeOutOnLeave default-mode" data-ribbon="NaN" href="/midrash/56474" target="_self"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="relative main-img-container ng-tns-c2832684538-56 ng-star-inserted" style><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 imgclass="ratio-16-9" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 class="ng-tns-c1611377640-60 ng-tns-c2832684538-56 ng-star-inserted"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-60 ratio-16-9 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-60 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/AriShvat.jpg" alt="undefined"></section></img-load-error-support><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="content-type-icon-container flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-56"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="access-time ng-tns-c2832684538-56"> 42 min</span><mat-icon _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 role="img" class="mat-icon notranslate pointer cursor-initial ng-tns-c2832684538-56 material-icons mat-icon-no-color ng-star-inserted" aria-hidden="true" data-mat-icon-type="font">volume_up </mat-icon></section></section><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="flex a-center ng-tns-c2832684538-56"><section _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-56 main-content"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="category-link opacity-hover-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-56 ng-star-inserted" href="/midrash/category/2472" target="_self" style>Orchot Tzaddikim</a><div _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-56 ng-star-inserted" style><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-56">Orchot Tzaddikim class 55, "Forgetfulness" </h3></div><h5 _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="ng-tns-c2832684538-56"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 opacity-hover-10 ng-tns-c2832684538-56 ng-star-inserted" target="_self" style href="/rabbi/483"> Rabbi Ari Shvat </a><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-56 ng-star-inserted" style>|</span><span _ngcontent-ng-c2832684538 class="opacity-6 ng-tns-c2832684538-56 ng-star-inserted" style> Nisan 5785 </span></h5></section></section></a></content-preview><google-text-ad _ngcontent-ng-c3105361103 class="ad-in-content-list ng-tns-c385204070-52 ng-tns-c3105361103-40 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c385204070></google-text-ad></ul></content-list><section _ngcontent-ng-c3105361103 class="flex-dir a-center bet gap4 margin-main-container ng-tns-c3105361103-40 ng-star-inserted"><btn-link-preview _ngcontent-ng-c3105361103 mode="display raised dark" class="padding-block-16 margin-middle ng-tns-c3105361103-40 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c4293524646><a _ngcontent-ng-c4293524646 matripple class="mat-mdc-tooltip-trigger mat-ripple display raised dark btn-link pointer flex a-center j-center ng-star-inserted" href="/midrash/47317/filter?desc=true"> Recent Lessons <mat-icon _ngcontent-ng-c4293524646 role="img" class="mat-icon notranslate material-icons mat-icon-no-color ng-star-inserted" aria-hidden="true" data-mat-icon-type="font">keyboard_arrow_right</mat-icon></a></btn-link-preview></section></section></content-box></section></main></section></layout-ad-sticky><section _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 class="print-hide wrapper-recomended-rabbi-list"><shape-divider _ngcontent-ng-c2003523353 shapeheight="20px" shapewidth="300%" _nghost-ng-c3002925158 style="--shape-height: 20px; --shape-fill: #fff; --shape-width: 300%;"><div _ngcontent-ng-c3002925158 class="custom-shape-divider top flip"><svg _ngcontent-ng-c3002925158="" data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 1200 120" preserveAspectRatio="none" class="ng-star-inserted"><path _ngcontent-ng-c3002925158="" 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shapeheight="35px" shapewidth="300%" _nghost-ng-c3002925158 style="--shape-height: 35px; --shape-fill: #fff; --shape-width: 300%;"><div _ngcontent-ng-c3002925158 class="custom-shape-divider"><svg _ngcontent-ng-c3002925158="" data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 1200 120" preserveAspectRatio="none" class="ng-star-inserted"><path _ngcontent-ng-c3002925158="" d="M0,0V46.29c47.79,22.2,103.59,32.17,158,28,70.36-5.37,136.33-33.31,206.8-37.5C438.64,32.43,512.34,53.67,583,72.05c69.27,18,138.3,24.88,209.4,13.08,36.15-6,69.85-17.84,104.45-29.34C989.49,25,1113-14.29,1200,52.47V0Z" opacity=".25" class="shape-fill"/><path _ngcontent-ng-c3002925158="" 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" class="ng-untouched ng-pristine ng-valid" value></filter-by-term><mat-icon _ngcontent-ng-c1421784344 role="img" matsuffix class="mat-icon notranslate ng-tns-c1421784344-7 material-icons mat-icon-no-color" aria-hidden="true" data-mat-icon-type="font"> search</mat-icon></form></header><ul _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9"><a _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted" href="/rabbi/390"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="w100 flex col j-start gap10 ng-tns-c1222229043-9 a-center"><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="img-load-error-support ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-tns-c1611377640-11 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 style><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-11 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-11 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/ykvsimon.jpg" alt="Rabbi and lawyer Shimon Ya'akobi"></section></img-load-error-support><span _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="t-center ng-tns-c1222229043-9">Rabbi and lawyer Shimon Ya'akobi</span></section></a><a _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted" href="/rabbi/337"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="w100 flex col j-start gap10 ng-tns-c1222229043-9 a-center"><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="img-load-error-support ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-tns-c1611377640-12 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 style><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-12 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-12 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/printAnonimusImgRav.jpg" alt="Rabbi Yitzchak Eizick Halevi Herzog z"l"></section></img-load-error-support><span _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="t-center ng-tns-c1222229043-9">Rabbi Yitzchak Eizick Halevi Herzog z"l</span></section></a><a _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted" href="/rabbi/319"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="w100 flex col j-start gap10 ng-tns-c1222229043-9 a-center"><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="img-load-error-support ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-tns-c1611377640-13 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 style><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-13 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-13 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/printAnonimusImgRav.jpg" alt="Regional Rabbinical court, Kiryat Arba"></section></img-load-error-support><span _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="t-center ng-tns-c1222229043-9">Regional Rabbinical court, Kiryat Arba</span></section></a><a _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted" href="/rabbi/334"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="w100 flex col j-start gap10 ng-tns-c1222229043-9 a-center"><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="img-load-error-support ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-tns-c1611377640-14 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 style><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-14 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-14 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/grinblat.JPG" alt="Rabbi Yitzchak Grinblat"></section></img-load-error-support><span _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="t-center ng-tns-c1222229043-9">Rabbi Yitzchak Grinblat</span></section></a><a _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted" href="/rabbi/313"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="w100 flex col j-start gap10 ng-tns-c1222229043-9 a-center"><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="img-load-error-support ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-tns-c1611377640-15 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 style><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-15 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-15 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/printAnonimusImgRav.jpg" alt="Rabbi Pesach Wolicki"></section></img-load-error-support><span _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="t-center ng-tns-c1222229043-9">Rabbi Pesach Wolicki</span></section></a><a _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted" href="/rabbi/333"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="w100 flex col j-start gap10 ng-tns-c1222229043-9 a-center"><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="img-load-error-support ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-tns-c1611377640-16 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 style><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-16 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-16 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/printAnonimusImgRav.jpg" alt="Rabbi Avraham Hershkop"></section></img-load-error-support><span _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="t-center ng-tns-c1222229043-9">Rabbi Avraham Hershkop</span></section></a><a _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted" href="/rabbi/359"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="w100 flex col j-start gap10 ng-tns-c1222229043-9 a-center"><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="img-load-error-support ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-tns-c1611377640-17 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 style><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-17 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-17 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/liberman1.JPG" alt="Rabbi Itamar Lieberman"></section></img-load-error-support><span _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="t-center ng-tns-c1222229043-9">Rabbi Itamar Lieberman</span></section></a><a _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted" href="/rabbi/336"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="w100 flex col j-start gap10 ng-tns-c1222229043-9 a-center"><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="img-load-error-support ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-tns-c1611377640-18 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 style><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-18 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-18 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/printAnonimusImgRav.jpg" alt="Rabbi Zeev Sharon"></section></img-load-error-support><span _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="t-center ng-tns-c1222229043-9">Rabbi Zeev Sharon</span></section></a><a _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted" href="/rabbi/332"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="w100 flex col j-start gap10 ng-tns-c1222229043-9 a-center"><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="img-load-error-support ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-tns-c1611377640-19 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 style><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-19 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-19 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/printAnonimusImgRav.jpg" alt="Rabbi Mordechai Nagari"></section></img-load-error-support><span _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="t-center ng-tns-c1222229043-9">Rabbi Mordechai Nagari</span></section></a><a _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted" href="/rabbi/353"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="w100 flex col j-start gap10 ng-tns-c1222229043-9 a-center"><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="img-load-error-support ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-tns-c1611377640-20 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 style><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-20 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-20 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/printAnonimusImgRav.jpg" alt="Rabbi Yoav Sternberg"></section></img-load-error-support><span _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="t-center ng-tns-c1222229043-9">Rabbi Yoav Sternberg</span></section></a><a _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted" href="/rabbi/745"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="w100 flex col j-start gap10 ng-tns-c1222229043-9 a-center"><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="img-load-error-support ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-tns-c1611377640-21 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 style><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-21 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-21 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/printAnonimusImgRav.jpg" alt="Rabbi Eyal Ein Dor"></section></img-load-error-support><span _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="t-center ng-tns-c1222229043-9">Rabbi Eyal Ein Dor</span></section></a><a _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted" href="/rabbi/301"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="w100 flex col j-start gap10 ng-tns-c1222229043-9 a-center"><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="img-load-error-support ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-tns-c1611377640-22 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 style><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-22 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-22 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/printAnonimusImgRav.jpg" alt="Rabbi Yehoshua kats"></section></img-load-error-support><span _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="t-center ng-tns-c1222229043-9">Rabbi Yehoshua kats</span></section></a><a _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted" href="/rabbi/1067"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="w100 flex col j-start gap10 ng-tns-c1222229043-9 a-center"><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="img-load-error-support ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-tns-c1611377640-23 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 style><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-23 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-23 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/SiteProjects/YeshivaModels/Handlers/InternalFiles.ashx?act=pictures&f=37614" alt="Rabbi Moshe meir Aviner"></section></img-load-error-support><span _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="t-center ng-tns-c1222229043-9">Rabbi Moshe meir Aviner</span></section></a><a _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted" href="/rabbi/345"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="w100 flex col j-start gap10 ng-tns-c1222229043-9 a-center"><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="img-load-error-support ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-tns-c1611377640-24 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 style><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-24 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-24 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/katz_avr.jpg" alt="Rabbi Avraham Katz"></section></img-load-error-support><span _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="t-center ng-tns-c1222229043-9">Rabbi Avraham Katz</span></section></a><a _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted" href="/rabbi/721"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="w100 flex col j-start gap10 ng-tns-c1222229043-9 a-center"><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="img-load-error-support ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-tns-c1611377640-25 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 style><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-25 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-25 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/printAnonimusImgRav.jpg" alt="Rabbi Yona Reiss"></section></img-load-error-support><span _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="t-center ng-tns-c1222229043-9">Rabbi Yona Reiss</span></section></a><a _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted" href="/rabbi/376"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="w100 flex col j-start gap10 ng-tns-c1222229043-9 a-center"><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="img-load-error-support ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-tns-c1611377640-26 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 style><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-26 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-26 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/printAnonimusImgRav.jpg" alt="Rabbi Eitan Iezman"></section></img-load-error-support><span _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="t-center ng-tns-c1222229043-9">Rabbi Eitan Iezman</span></section></a><a _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted" href="/rabbi/374"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="w100 flex col j-start gap10 ng-tns-c1222229043-9 a-center"><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="img-load-error-support ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-tns-c1611377640-27 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 style><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-27 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-27 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/printAnonimusImgRav.jpg" alt="Rabbi Shlomo Karlibach z"l"></section></img-load-error-support><span _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="t-center ng-tns-c1222229043-9">Rabbi Shlomo Karlibach z"l</span></section></a><a _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted" href="/rabbi/550"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="w100 flex col j-start gap10 ng-tns-c1222229043-9 a-center"><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="img-load-error-support ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-tns-c1611377640-28 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 style><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-28 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-28 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/ChananMO.jpg" alt="Rabbi Chanan Morrison"></section></img-load-error-support><span _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="t-center ng-tns-c1222229043-9">Rabbi Chanan Morrison</span></section></a><a _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted" href="/rabbi/708"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="w100 flex col j-start gap10 ng-tns-c1222229043-9 a-center"><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="img-load-error-support ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-tns-c1611377640-29 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 style><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-29 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-29 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/printAnonimusImgRav.jpg" alt="Rabbi Eliyahu Elharar"></section></img-load-error-support><span _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="t-center ng-tns-c1222229043-9">Rabbi Eliyahu Elharar</span></section></a><a _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted" href="/rabbi/422"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="w100 flex col j-start gap10 ng-tns-c1222229043-9 a-center"><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="img-load-error-support ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-tns-c1611377640-30 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 style><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-30 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-30 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/irmyu.jpg" alt="Rabbi Yirmiyahu Nenachem Cohen"></section></img-load-error-support><span _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="t-center ng-tns-c1222229043-9">Rabbi Yirmiyahu Nenachem Cohen</span></section></a><a _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted" href="/rabbi/503"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="w100 flex col j-start gap10 ng-tns-c1222229043-9 a-center"><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="img-load-error-support ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-tns-c1611377640-31 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 style><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-31 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-31 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/sudrilevi.jpg" alt="Rabbi Levi Sudri"></section></img-load-error-support><span _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="t-center ng-tns-c1222229043-9">Rabbi Levi Sudri</span></section></a><a _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted" href="/rabbi/401"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="w100 flex col j-start gap10 ng-tns-c1222229043-9 a-center"><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="img-load-error-support ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-tns-c1611377640-32 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 style><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-32 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-32 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/printAnonimusImgRav.jpg" alt="Rabbi Micheal Firrer"></section></img-load-error-support><span _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="t-center ng-tns-c1222229043-9">Rabbi Micheal Firrer</span></section></a><a _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted" href="/rabbi/392"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="w100 flex col j-start gap10 ng-tns-c1222229043-9 a-center"><img-load-error-support _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="img-load-error-support ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-tns-c1611377640-33 ng-star-inserted" _nghost-ng-c1611377640 style><section _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 class="img-load-error-support relative ng-tns-c1611377640-33 ng-star-inserted"><img _ngcontent-ng-c1611377640 loading="lazy" class="picture-img ng-tns-c1611377640-33 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeIn ng-star-inserted" title src="/images/rabanim/shlushsl.jpg" alt="Rabbi Shlomo Shlush"></section></img-load-error-support><span _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="t-center ng-tns-c1222229043-9">Rabbi Shlomo Shlush</span></section></a><a _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="ng-tns-c1222229043-9 ng-trigger ng-trigger-fadeInOnEnter ng-star-inserted" href="/rabbi/298"><section _ngcontent-ng-c1222229043 class="w100 flex col j-start gap10 ng-tns-c1222229043-9 a-center"><img-load-error-support 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Does it make a difference whether it is an American-style, hole-in-the-middle donut or an Israeli-style jelly donut? Must I separate challah from the donuts I am frying for Chanukah? I just purchased a donut shop that is quite distant from any Jewish community. Must I make sure that challah is taken?","HebrewDate":"Sivan 20 5781","Counter":156,"Name":"The Holey Donut","Reccomended":false,"Date":"2021-06-01T02:59:00","Type":2},"Category":{"Header":"\u003Ch2 style=\"text-align: center\">Parashat Hashavua - Torah Portion - Shlach Lecha\u003C/h2>","Hide":false,"IsBook":false,"Sons":[50],"SonsString":"50","Parents":[50,705,7,1876,3,1],"ParentsString":"50,705,7,1876,3,1","OldParentsString":".50.705.7.1876.3.1.","ContentType":2,"ParentsNames":["Shlach Lecha","Bamidbar","Torah Portion","Torah Portion and Tanach","Bet Midrash"],"CatId":107042,"Image":null,"ImageCredit":null,"Count":80,"Priority":37,"ParentId":705,"IsSeries":false,"Rabbi":"","RabbiId":0,"HideInTree":false,"Redirect":0,"IsRedirect":false,"Contents":null,"CatImageWide":{"Id":21983,"Link":"/SiteProjects/YeshivaModels/Handlers/InternalFiles.ashx?act=pictures&f=21983","Credit":"Photography: 50","RealEntityId":1876},"CatImageNormal":{"Id":21985,"Link":"/SiteProjects/YeshivaModels/Handlers/InternalFiles.ashx?act=pictures&f=21985","Credit":"Photography: 5","RealEntityId":1876},"CatImageSquare":null,"Id":50,"Name":"Shlach Lecha","Date":"0001-01-01T00:00:00","Type":101,"includeContent":false,"lang":2},"Content":"\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>Question #1: Holey Blessings\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">“What \u003Ci>brocha\u003C/i> should I recite before eating a donut? Does it make a difference whether it is an American-style, hole-in-the-middle donut or an Israeli-style jelly donut?”\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>Question #1: Chanukah Donuts\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">“Must I separate \u003Ci>challah \u003C/i>from the donuts I am frying for Chanukah?”\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>Question #3: Non-Jewish Consumers\u003C/b>\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">“I just purchased a donut shop that is quite distant from any Jewish community. Must I make sure that \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> is taken?”\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>Introduction:\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">Although neither Israeli donuts nor Israeli latkes are usually made with holes in the middle, Americans envision donuts as a big zero, no doubt to remind them of the number of calories contained in the hole. \u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">Donuts are made from dough that is deep fried, or cooked in oil (these are two ways of saying the same thing). Because they are cooked, most authorities rule that the correct \u003Ci>brocha\u003C/i> before consuming them is \u003Ci>mezonos\u003C/i>. However, our opening questions require that we study the topic in greater depth. Doing so, we will discover that although reciting \u003Ci>mezonos\u003C/i> before consuming donuts is the accepted approach, it is not a universally held position, and that there are many \u003Ci>halachic\u003C/i> ramifications to this dispute. \u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">Analyzing this topic requires that we explain several major issues in the laws of separating\u003Ci> challah\u003C/i>, so that is where our discussion begins. We should note that throughout this entire article, the word \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> will be used to refer to the portion removed from dough to fulfill the mitzvah of the Torah, and not to the special \u003Ci>Shabbos\u003C/i> bread.\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>The Torah and \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i>\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">The Torah describes the mitzvah of \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> in the following passage:\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Ci>When you enter the land to which I am bringing you, it will be that, when you eat from the bread of the land, you shall separate a terumah offering for G-d. The first dough of your kneading troughs shall be separated as challah, like the terumah of your grain shall you separate it \u003C/i>(\u003Ci>Bamidbar \u003C/i>15:18-20).\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">Let us make several observations about this \u003Ci>posuk\u003C/i>, and then proceed to discuss them.\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\">Bread or dough?\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">1. There appears to be an inconsistency in the words of the Torah. First, it refers to \u003Ci>when you eat from the bread of the land\u003C/i>, which implies that the requirement to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> begins only once it becomes bread. Yet, in the very next \u003Ci>posuk\u003C/i>, the Torah requires \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> to be taken from \u003Ci>your kneading troughs, \u003C/i>implying that you separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> when it is still dough. Which is true?\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>\u003Ci>Terumah\u003C/i> or \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i>?\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">2. The Torah refers to the part separated as a “\u003Ci>terumah offering\u003C/i>,” and then compares it to \u003Ci>the terumah of your grain\u003C/i>. In what way is \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> like \u003Ci>terumah\u003C/i>?\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>Consumer or manufacturer?\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">3. The words of the Torah, \u003Ci>when you eat from the bread of the land, you shall separate a terumah offering\u003C/i>, imply that the obligation to take \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> falls upon the consumer who will be eating the bread. However, the next verse states, \u003Ci>the first dough of\u003Cu> \u003C/u>your kneading troughs shall be separated as challah\u003C/i>, implying that the obligation falls upon the manufacturer. Why do two verses imply different laws?\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\">Bread or dough\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cspan style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;\">The answer is that \u003C/span>the words of the Torah, \u003Ci>the first dough of your kneading troughs\u003C/i>, teaches that there is no requirement to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> unless there is as much dough as the amount of manna eaten daily by each member of the Jewish people in the desert, which, in their generation, was called “your kneading trough.” \u003Ci>Chazal\u003C/i> explain that this amount, called \u003Ci>ke’shiur i'sas midbar,\u003C/i> was equal to the volume of 43.2 eggs. In contemporary measure, we usually assume that this is approximately three to five pounds of flour. (For our purposes, it will suffice to use these round figures. I encourage each reader to ask his own\u003Ci> rav \u003C/i>or\u003Ci> posek\u003C/i> for exact quantities.) When there is a definite requirement to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i>, one recites a \u003Ci>brocha\u003C/i> prior to fulfilling the mitzvah.\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">There is another reason why the Torah refers to the mitzvah both in regard to dough and to the finished bread. Usually, one should separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> when the dough is mixed. However, there are situations in which one cannot separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> as dough. In these instances, the Torah is teaching that we can also separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> when it is already bread.\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>\u003Ci>Terumah\u003C/i> or \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i>\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">I noted above that\u003Cb> \u003C/b>the\u003Cb> \u003C/b>Torah refers to the separated dough as a “\u003Ci>terumah offering\u003C/i>,” and then compares it to \u003Ci>the terumah of your grain\u003C/i>. In what way is \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> like \u003Ci>terumah\u003C/i>?\u003Cb>\u003Cspan lang=\"HE\" dir=\"RTL\">\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/span>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Ci>\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/i>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Ci>Terumah\u003C/i> may be eaten only by a \u003Ci>kohen\u003C/i>, his wife, sons and unmarried daughters, and only when they are \u003Ci>tahor\u003C/i>. Since we are without the \u003Ci>parah adumah \u003C/i>today, we cannot achieve being fully \u003Ci>tahor\u003C/i>, and, therefore, we cannot eat \u003Ci>terumah\u003C/i>. The Torah here teaches that \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> has the same laws as \u003Ci>terumah\u003C/i>, and therefore can be eaten only by members of the \u003Ci>kohen’s \u003C/i>family who are \u003Ci>tahor\u003C/i>.\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>Dough versus batter\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">We find much discussion in the \u003Ci>Mishnah\u003C/i> regarding what type of product is included in the obligation to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> and a fundamental dispute among the early \u003Ci>baalei Tosafos\u003C/i> concerning these laws. Note that in the following discussion we differentiate between “dough,” a thick mixture which \u003Ci>Chazal\u003C/i> call \u003Ci>belilah avah\u003C/i>, and “batter,” a thin mixture which \u003Ci>Chazal\u003C/i> call \u003Ci>belilah rakah\u003C/i>. According to Rabbeinu Tam, any dough owned by a Jew is obligated in \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i>, even if one subsequently cooks or fries it (cited by many \u003Ci>rishonim\u003C/i>, including \u003Ci>Tosafos\u003C/i>, \u003Ci>Brochos\u003C/i> 37b s.v. \u003Ci>Lechem\u003C/i> and \u003Ci>Pesachim\u003C/i> 37b s.v. \u003Ci>Dekulei alma\u003C/i>). \u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">(Please note that some authorities who accept Rabbeinu Tam’s basic approach that any dough is obligated in \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> still exempt dough manufactured for pasta, because of considerations beyond the scope of our topic (see \u003Ci>Tosafos, Brochos \u003C/i>37b, s.v. \u003Ci>Lechem\u003C/i>,\u003Ci> \u003C/i>quoting Rabbeinu Yechiel), but others hold that, according to Rabbeinu Tam, any product made from dough is obligated in \u003Ci>challah,\u003C/i> provided the batch was large enough (as described above).\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>Intent\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">A different \u003Ci>baal Tosafos\u003C/i>, the \u003Ci>Rash\u003C/i>, disagrees with Rabbeinu Tam, contending that one is not always obligated to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> from dough. There is such a requirement only when the owner intended to make the dough into bread. However, if the owner intended at the time that he kneaded the dough to cook or fry it, as one does when making donuts or \u003Ci>kreplach\u003C/i>, there is no obligation to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i>. \u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>Batter up\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">Both Rabbeinu Tam and the \u003Ci>Rash\u003C/i> agree that there is no obligation to take \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> from a batter (\u003Ci>belilah rakah\u003C/i>) unless it was subsequently baked into a bread-like food. In this instance, therefore, the obligation to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> does not take place until the bread is produced. Thus, according to both Rabbeinu Tam and the \u003Ci>Rash\u003C/i>, we can resolve why the Torah describes the mitzvah of \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> sometimes in terms of \u003Ci>bread \u003C/i>and sometimes in terms of \u003Ci>dough\u003C/i>. In most instances, the obligation to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> is when the flour mixture becomes dough. However, there are instances, such as when preparing a batter, in which there is no obligation to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> until it becomes bread.\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>\u003Ci>Mezonos\u003C/i> or \u003Ci>hamotzi\u003C/i>?\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">Many authorities explain that the dispute between Rabbeinu Tam and the \u003Ci>Rash\u003C/i> also affects which \u003Ci>brocha\u003C/i> one recites on a cooked or fried dough. They contend that, according to Rabbeinu Tam, since dough is obligated in \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i>, the \u003Ci>brocha\u003C/i> recited before eating dough that was then cooked or fried is \u003Ci>hamotzi\u003C/i>, the \u003Ci>brocha\u003C/i> recited afterwards is the full \u003Ci>bensching\u003C/i>,\u003Ci> \u003C/i>and that, prior to eating a cooked or fried dough product, there is a requirement to wash \u003Ci>netilas yadayim.\u003C/i> \u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">Others rule that one does not recite \u003Ci>hamotzi\u003C/i> unless another requirement is met – that the finished product, after the frying or cooking, has a bread-like appearance, called in Aramaic \u003Ci>turisa denahama\u003C/i> (\u003Ci>Tosafos\u003C/i>,\u003Ci> Pesachim\u003C/i> and \u003Ci>Brochos\u003C/i> 37b s.v. \u003Ci>Lechem\u003C/i>). The \u003Ci>halachic\u003C/i> basis for drawing a distinction between the mitzvah of \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> and the \u003Ci>brocha\u003C/i> requirements is that the requirement to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> is established at the time the dough is mixed, whereas the \u003Ci>halachic\u003C/i> determination of which \u003Ci>brocha\u003C/i> to recite is determined by the finished product (\u003Ci>Rabbeinu Yonah, Brochos; Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chayim \u003C/i>168:13).\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>Baking part\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">At this point, we will return to the laws of \u003Ci>challah,\u003C/i> in order to understand some of the rulings germane to the laws of \u003Ci>brochos\u003C/i>. A passage in the \u003Ci>Talmud\u003C/i> \u003Ci>Yerushalmi\u003C/i> teaches that someone who prepared a dough or batter with the intention of cooking or frying most of it, and leaving a small amount of the dough for baking, is obligated to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> from the entire dough, because of a rabbinic injunction. \u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">The passage reads as follows: \u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">A woman asked Rabbi Mana: ‘I want to make my dough into noodles. Is there a way for me to do so and be exempt from separating \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i>?’ He told her that it was possible. He then asked his father, Rabbi Yonah, who told him that she should not be exempt from separating \u003Ci>challah,\u003C/i> out of concern that she will use the rest as one usually processes dough (that is, into bread) (\u003Ci>Yerushalmi, Challah\u003C/i> 1:4). The \u003Ci>rishonim\u003C/i> explain that she intended to bake a small part of the dough, and therefore assumed that she is not obligated to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i>. However, should she subsequently decide that she wanted to bake the entire dough, it would be obligated in \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> \u003Ci>min haTorah\u003C/i>, and she might not realize that she is obligated to separate \u003Ci>challah.\u003C/i> In order to avoid creating this problem, \u003Ci>Chazal\u003C/i> required her to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> even when she intends to bake only a small amount (\u003Ci>Rosh, Pesachim \u003C/i>2:16; \u003Ci>Hilchos Challah \u003C/i>#2).\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>Rabbeinu Tam and \u003Ci>Rash\u003C/i>\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">At this point, we must note that Rabbeinu Tam and the \u003Ci>Rash\u003C/i> will dispute exactly what happened in this case. According to Rabbeinu Tam, any time one mixes dough, he is obligated to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i>. Therefore, the case described by this passage of \u003Ci>Yerushalmi\u003C/i> must have been where the woman was mixing a batter from which one is usually not obligated to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i>, intending to bake a small amount, and to cook or fry the rest. Rabbi Yonah ruled that since she might decide to bake the entire batter, she is already obligated, \u003Ci>miderabbanan\u003C/i>, to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i>. \u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">According to the \u003Ci>Rash\u003C/i>, the passage of \u003Ci>Yerushalmi\u003C/i> can be discussing dough, since the intention at the time of mixing to cook or fry dough exempts it from the mitzvah of separating \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i>.\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>The Maharam Rottenberg\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">Approximately a century after the time of the \u003Ci>Rash\u003C/i>, the greatest \u003Ci>halachic\u003C/i> authority in Germany was the Maharam Rottenberg. The Maharam did not want to take sides in this dispute between his two great predecessors, and so he devised the following approach, which he implemented in his own household:\u003Cb>\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">When preparing dough that one intends to cook or fry, the Maharam instructed that one bake a small amount of the dough. According to the \u003Ci>Rash\u003C/i>, although cooked or fried dough is exempt from \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i>, when baking some of the dough, one becomes obligated in separating \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> because of the \u003Ci>takanah\u003C/i> established by the \u003Ci>Yerushalmi\u003C/i>. Therefore, this dough is obligated in \u003Ci>challah,\u003C/i> whether one holds like Rabbeinu Tam (because it is dough) or like the \u003Ci>Rash\u003C/i> (because one is baking part of it).\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">According to Rabbeinu Tam, one should recite a \u003Ci>brocha\u003C/i> prior to separating \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> on dough that one intends to cook or fry, whereas according to the \u003Ci>Rash\u003C/i>, there is no obligation to separate \u003Ci>challah,\u003C/i> and this would be a\u003Ci> brocha levatalah\u003C/i>. To avoid taking sides in this dispute, the Maharam advised baking some of the dough, thus creating a responsibility to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> because of the \u003Ci>takanas chachamim\u003C/i>. \u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>Which \u003Ci>brocha\u003C/i> when you eat?\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">The \u003Ci>Tur\u003C/i> notes that the Maharam’s suggestion of baking some dough resolves only the question of separating \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i>. However, there is a separate, unresolved question – which \u003Ci>brocha\u003C/i> does one recite prior to eating a cooked or fried dough product? Rabbeinu Tam contends that the \u003Ci>brocha\u003C/i> on this product is \u003Ci>hamotzi\u003C/i>, which also means that one must wash \u003Ci>netilas yadayim \u003C/i>before eating it and recite \u003Ci>bensching\u003C/i> afterwards. The \u003Ci>Rash\u003C/i> maintains that the \u003Ci>brocha\u003C/i> before eating this food is \u003Ci>mezonos\u003C/i>, and the \u003Ci>brocha\u003C/i> afterwards is \u003Ci>al hamichyah\u003C/i>, and there is no requirement to wash \u003Ci>netilas yadayim\u003C/i>. How does one avoid taking sides in this dispute? The Maharam’s solution is to eat these products only after one first recited \u003Ci>hamotzi\u003C/i> on regular bread. \u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">Thus, one of our opening questions “What \u003Ci>brocha\u003C/i> should I recite before eating a donut?” was considered an unresolved conundrum by the \u003Ci>posek \u003C/i>of his generation, the Maharam. Since he considered it to be an unresolved \u003Ci>halachic\u003C/i> issue whether one should recite \u003Ci>hamotzi\u003C/i> or \u003Ci>mezonos\u003C/i> prior to eating donuts, he ate them only after first reciting \u003Ci>hamotzi\u003C/i> on bread. I suspect that low carbohydrate diets were not much in vogue in his day.\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>How do we rule?\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">Most authorities conclude that the correct \u003Ci>brocha\u003C/i> prior to eating a dough product that is cooked or fried is \u003Ci>mezonos\u003C/i>. The \u003Ci>Shulchan Aruch\u003C/i> (\u003Ci>Orach Chayim\u003C/i> 168:13) and the \u003Ci>Rema \u003C/i>(ibid.) both follow the majority opinion that the correct \u003Ci>brocha\u003C/i> prior to eating a dough product that is cooked or fried is \u003Ci>mezonos\u003C/i>. However, the \u003Ci>Shulchan Aruch\u003C/i> also cites the minority opinion that one should recite \u003Ci>hamotzi\u003C/i> prior to eating a cooked dough product. He concludes that, to avoid any question, someone who is a \u003Ci>yarei shamayim\u003C/i> should eat a cooked dough product only after making \u003Ci>hamotzi\u003C/i> \u003Cspan style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> \u003C/span>on a different item that is definitely bread -- what we presented above as the Maharam’s solution. The \u003Ci>Shulchan Aruch\u003C/i> refers to this as the way a G-d-fearing person should approach the matter. The \u003Ci>Rema \u003C/i>rules that accepted practice is to simply recite \u003Ci>mezonos.\u003C/i> Perhaps we could say that the \u003Ci>Rema \u003C/i>felt that a\u003Ci> yarei shamayim\u003C/i> can still be concerned about how many carbohydrates he eats!\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>How do we rule concerning \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i>?\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">According to the text accepted by most authorities, the \u003Ci>Shulchan Aruch\u003C/i> (\u003Ci>Yoreh Deah\u003C/i> 329:3) concludes that dough that one intends to cook or fry is exempt from the requirement to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i>, ruling against \u003Ci>Rabbeinu Tam\u003C/i>. However, the \u003Ci>Shach\u003C/i> contends that one should separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> without a \u003Ci>brocha\u003C/i>. Thus, in his opinion, someone preparing a large quantity of donuts or \u003Ci>kreplach\u003C/i> is obligated to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i>, albeit without a \u003Ci>brocha\u003C/i>. A caterer, restaurant or hotel cooking a large quantity of \u003Ci>kreplach\u003C/i> for a communal Purim \u003Ci>seudah\u003C/i> should have \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> separated from the dough.\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">Many later authorities rule that one should take into consideration Rabbeinu Tam’s approach and separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> from any dough more than three pounds, even when it will be cooked or fried. However, the \u003Ci>Shulchan Aruch Harav\u003C/i> (\u003Ci>Kuntrus Acharon, Orach Chayim \u003C/i>168:7) and the \u003Ci>Aruch Hashulchan\u003C/i> (\u003Ci>Yoreh Deah\u003C/i> 329:15) rule that one does not need to be concerned about Rabbeinu Tam’s position if one is making the dough in\u003Ci> chutz la’aretz\u003C/i>, since the requirement of separating \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> there is certainly only\u003Ci> miderabbanan\u003C/i>.\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>Non-Jewish Consumers\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">At this point, we can address the third of our opening questions: “I just purchased a donut shop that is quite distant from any Jewish community. Must I make sure that \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> is taken?”\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">Let me explain the background to this \u003Ci>shaylah\u003C/i>. A \u003Ci>frum\u003C/i> businessman purchased a franchised donut shop located nowhere near any Jewish\u003Ci> \u003C/i>community. His managers and employees are all non-Jewish. To avoid issues of being open on \u003Ci>Shabbos\u003C/i> and \u003Ci>Pesach\u003C/i>, the businessman used a type of \u003Ci>mechir Shabbos,\u003C/i> thereby sharing ownership of his business with a gentile, a highly controversial practice that is beyond the scope of this article. He had assumed that he had no responsibility to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i>, either because he did not know that some authorities require this, or because he assumed that, since no customers are assuming that his products are kosher, he is not obligated to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i>. This last assumption is incorrect. \u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>Consumer or owner\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">The obligation to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> is a positive requirement incumbent upon the owner, not simply a means of preventing a Jew from eating the finished product without \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> having been separated. The requirement to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> depends on the ownership of the dough at the time it is mixed, not on who mixes it. In other words, if a Jew owns a bakery, he is required to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i>, even if his workers are not Jewish. Should the owner not have separated \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i>, the consumer is obligated to do so before he may eat the finished product.\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">If a gentile does the kneading in a Jewish-owned household, nursing home or school, there is an obligation to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i>. \u003Cspan style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> \u003C/span>On the other hand, there is no requirement to separate \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i> in a bakery owned by non-Jews, even if the employees are Jewish.\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Co:p> \u003C/o:p>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003Cb>Conclusion\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"direction: ltr;\">Having discussed the \u003Ci>halachic\u003C/i> details of this mitzvah, it is worthwhile taking a glimpse at the following \u003Ci>Medrash \u003C/i>that underscores its vast spiritual significance: “In the merit of the following three mitzvos the world was created – in the merit of \u003Ci>challah\u003C/i>, in the merit of \u003Ci>maasros\u003C/i>, and in the merit of \u003Ci>bikkurim\u003C/i>” (\u003Ci>Bereishis Rabbah \u003C/i>1:4). Thus, besides gaining us eternal reward, this easily kept mitzvah helps keep our planet turning.\u003Cb>\u003Co:p>\u003C/o:p>\u003C/b>\u003C/p>\u003Cbr>\u003Cdiv style=\"direction: ltr;\">\u003C/div>\u003Cbr>This Shiur is published also at \u003Ca href=\"http://rabbikaganoff.com\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"nofollow\">Rabbi Kaganof's site\u003C/a>"},"/midrash/api/contentscategory/wrapper?cat=2232&getcontent=trueeng":{"Entity":{"Header":"","Hide":false,"IsBook":false,"Sons":[2232],"SonsString":"2232","Parents":[2232,334,3,1],"ParentsString":"2232,334,3,1","OldParentsString":".2232.334.3.1.","ContentType":2,"ParentsNames":["Special Serieses","Sections","Bet 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As you are aware many communities lived and flourished there, and there is much halachic discussion why this was permitted. Most answer either because living in Israel was impossible in their times, or because they were living in Egypt temporarily. There are some reasons that do apply in your situation, but I would not encourage it.","Note":null,"User":0,"Rabbi":{"Type":202,"IsAsking":false,"More":"False","ShortDescription":"False","IsHoraah":false,"Id":13,"MidrashId":401,"AskHebId":-1,"AskEngId":13,"AskId":13,"InAsk":true,"InMidrash":true,"HName":"ירמיהו קגנוף","EName":"Yirmiyohu Kaganoff","Name":"Yirmiyohu Kaganoff","HPrefix":"הרב","EPrefix":"Rabbi","Prefix":"Rabbi","HSuffix":"","ESuffix":"","Suffix":"","FullName":"Rabbi Yirmiyohu Kaganoff","HDescription":null,"EDescription":"Was the Rabbi of the Young Israel of Greater Buffalo, the Congregation Darchei Tzedek and also served as a dayan on the Beis Din of Baltimore. 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