CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html>     <html lang="en" dir="ltr" class="no-js" prefix="fb: http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml content: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/ dc: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ og: http://ogp.me/ns# rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# sioc: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns# sioct: http://rdfs.org/sioc/types# skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# xsd: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema# fb: http://ogp.me/ns/fb# article: http://ogp.me/ns/article# book: http://ogp.me/ns/book# profile: http://ogp.me/ns/profile#"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={privacy:{cookies_enabled:true},ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]},distributed_tracing:{enabled:true}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={agentID:"1385900041",accountID:"3370710",trustKey:"66686",xpid:"VwUAUVFSCBABV1ZSAQEDUVYH",licenseKey:"NRJS-c1dbc212d7bfa7c8eae",applicationID:"1370604726"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-spa-1.274.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>h,gD:()=>g,xN:()=>p});var n=r(993);const i=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const u="[data-nr-mask]",d=()=>{const e={mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},feature_flags:[],generic_events:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0,level:n.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},performance:{capture_marks:!1,capture_measures:!1},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(u):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=u:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0}}},l={},f="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function h(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,d());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=l[e])}function g(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=h(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},5603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>c,o:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},a={};function s(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("LoaderConfig for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function c(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=a[e])}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!d[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,Yq:()=>a,xv:()=>n});const n="1.274.0",i="PROD",o="CDN",a="^2.0.0-alpha.17"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A4:()=>s,OF:()=>d,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>h,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,lR:()=>f,m:()=>u,mw:()=>c,sb:()=>l});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s="complete"===a?.document?.readyState,c=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),u=""+a?.location,d=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),l=d&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,f=(()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);return Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2?+e[1]:0})(),h=Date.now()-(0,n.t)()},7295:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Xv:()=>a,gX:()=>i,iW:()=>o});var n=[];function i(e){if(!e||o(e))return!1;if(0===n.length)return!0;for(var t=0;t<n.length;t++){var r=n[t];if("*"===r.hostname)return!1;if(s(r.hostname,e.hostname)&&c(r.pathname,e.pathname))return!1}return!0}function o(e){return void 0===e.hostname}function a(e){if(n=[],e&&e.length)for(var t=0;t<e.length;t++){let r=e[t];if(!r)continue;0===r.indexOf("http://")?r=r.substring(7):0===r.indexOf("https://")&&(r=r.substring(8));const i=r.indexOf("/");let o,a;i>0?(o=r.substring(0,i),a=r.substring(i)):(o=r,a="");let[s]=o.split(":");n.push({hostname:s,pathname:a})}}function s(e,t){return!(e.length>t.length)&&t.indexOf(e)===t.length-e.length}function c(e,t){return 0===e.indexOf("/")&&(e=e.substring(1)),0===t.indexOf("/")&&(t=t.substring(1)),""===e||e===t}},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),h(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return h(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),h(e,t)})))}function h(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=h(n),c=g(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var p=v()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:m,listeners:g,context:h,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function h(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=g(e).concat(t)}function g(e){return n[e]||[]}function m(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,ZF:()=>c,bz:()=>a,el:()=>u});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}function c(){return s(16)}function u(){return s(32)}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},7485:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D:()=>i});var n=r(6154);function i(e){if(0===(e||"").indexOf("data:"))return{protocol:"data"};try{const t=new URL(e,location.href),r={port:t.port,hostname:t.hostname,pathname:t.pathname,search:t.search,protocol:t.protocol.slice(0,t.protocol.indexOf(":")),sameOrigin:t.protocol===n.gm?.location?.protocol&&t.host===n.gm?.location?.host};return r.port&&""!==r.port||("http:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="80"),"https:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="443")),r.pathname&&""!==r.pathname?r.pathname.startsWith("/")||(r.pathname="/".concat(r.pathname)):r.pathname="/",r}catch(e){return{}}}},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},3304:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A:()=>o});var n=r(7836);const i=()=>{const e=new WeakSet;return(t,r)=>{if("object"==typeof r&&null!==r){if(e.has(r))return;e.add(r)}return r}};function o(e){try{return JSON.stringify(e,i())??""}catch(e){try{n.ee.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}return""}}},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},8139:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>f});var n=r(7836),i=r(3434),o=r(8990),a=r(6154);const s={},c=a.gm.XMLHttpRequest,u="addEventListener",d="removeEventListener",l="nr@wrapped:".concat(n.P);function f(e){var t=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get("events")}(e);if(s[t.debugId]++)return t;s[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,i.YM)(t,!0);function f(e){r.inPlace(e,[u,d],"-",p)}function p(e,t){return e[1]}return"getPrototypeOf"in Object&&(a.RI&&h(document,f),h(a.gm,f),h(c.prototype,f)),t.on(u+"-start",(function(e,t){var n=e[1];if(null!==n&&("function"==typeof n||"object"==typeof n)){var i=(0,o.I)(n,l,(function(){var e={object:function(){if("function"!=typeof n.handleEvent)return;return n.handleEvent.apply(n,arguments)},function:n}[typeof n];return e?r(e,"fn-",null,e.name||"anonymous"):n}));this.wrapped=e[1]=i}})),t.on(d+"-start",(function(e){e[1]=this.wrapped||e[1]})),t}function h(e,t,...r){let n=e;for(;"object"==typeof n&&!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,u);)n=Object.getPrototypeOf(n);n&&t(n,...r)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},9300:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.ajax},3333:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,Zp:()=>i,mq:()=>s,nf:()=>a,qN:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.genericEvents,i=["auxclick","click","copy","keydown","paste","scrollend"],o=["focus","blur"],a=4,s=1e3},6774:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.jserrors},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,TZ:()=>a,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log",a=n.K7.logging},3785:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{R:()=>c,b:()=>u});var n=r(9908),i=r(1863),o=r(860),a=r(3969),s=r(993);function c(e,t,r={},c=s.p_.INFO){(0,n.p)(a.xV,["API/logging/".concat(c.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,o.K7.metrics,e),(0,n.p)(s.ET,[(0,i.t)(),t,r,c],void 0,o.K7.logging,e)}function u(e){return"string"==typeof e&&Object.values(s.p_).some((t=>t===e.toUpperCase().trim()))}},3969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>d,G4:()=>o,Qb:()=>l,TZ:()=>i,Ug:()=>a,_s:()=>s,bc:()=>u,yP:()=>c});var n=r(2614);const i=r(860).K7.sessionReplay,o={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"},a=.12,s={DomContentLoaded:0,Load:1,FullSnapshot:2,IncrementalSnapshot:3,Meta:4,Custom:5},c={[n.g.ERROR]:15e3,[n.g.FULL]:3e5,[n.g.OFF]:0},u={RESET:{message:"Session was reset",sm:"Reset"},IMPORT:{message:"Recorder failed to import",sm:"Import"},TOO_MANY:{message:"429: Too Many Requests",sm:"Too-Many"},TOO_BIG:{message:"Payload was too large",sm:"Too-Big"},CROSS_TAB:{message:"Session Entity was set to OFF on another tab",sm:"Cross-Tab"},ENTITLEMENTS:{message:"Session Replay is not allowed and will not be started",sm:"Entitlement"}},d=5e3,l={API:"api"}},5270:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Aw:()=>c,CT:()=>u,SR:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(9417),o=r(7767),a=r(6154);function s(e){return!!(0,n.dV)().o.MO&&(0,o.V)(e)&&!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}function c(e){return!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_replay.preload")&&s(e)}function u(e,t){const r=t.correctAbsoluteTimestamp(e);return{originalTimestamp:e,correctedTimestamp:r,timestampDiff:e-r,originTime:a.WN,correctedOriginTime:t.correctedOriginTime,originTimeDiff:Math.floor(a.WN-t.correctedOriginTime)}}},3738:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{He:()=>i,Kp:()=>s,Lc:()=>u,Rz:()=>d,TZ:()=>n,bD:()=>o,d3:()=>a,jx:()=>l,uP:()=>c});const n=r(860).K7.sessionTrace,i="bstResource",o="resource",a="-start",s="-end",c="fn"+a,u="fn"+s,d="pushState",l=1e3},3962:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{AM:()=>o,O2:()=>s,Qu:()=>c,TZ:()=>a,ih:()=>u,tC:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i=["click","keydown","submit"],o="api",a=n.K7.softNav,s={INITIAL_PAGE_LOAD:"",ROUTE_CHANGE:1,UNSPECIFIED:2},c={INTERACTION:1,AJAX:2,CUSTOM_END:3,CUSTOM_TRACER:4},u={IP:"in progress",FIN:"finished",CAN:"cancelled"}},7378:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$p:()=>x,BR:()=>b,Kp:()=>R,L3:()=>y,Lc:()=>c,NC:()=>o,SG:()=>d,TZ:()=>i,U6:()=>p,UT:()=>m,d3:()=>w,dT:()=>f,e5:()=>A,gx:()=>v,l9:()=>l,oW:()=>h,op:()=>g,rw:()=>u,tH:()=>E,uP:()=>s,wW:()=>T,xq:()=>a});var n=r(384);const i=r(860).K7.spa,o=["click","submit","keypress","keydown","keyup","change"],a=999,s="fn-start",c="fn-end",u="cb-start",d="api-ixn-",l="remaining",f="interaction",h="spaNode",p="jsonpNode",g="fetch-start",m="fetch-done",v="fetch-body-",b="jsonp-end",y=(0,n.dV)().o.ST,w="-start",R="-end",x="-body",T="cb"+R,A="jsTime",E="fetch"},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7767:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>o});var n=r(9417),i=r(6154);const o=e=>i.RI&&!0===(0,n.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled")},425:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>j});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),h=r(384),p=r(6344);const g=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993),w=r(3785),R=r(2646),x=r(3434);function T(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,x.YM)(i),a=new R.y(s.P);return a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes,o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",a),i}function A(){const e=(0,h.pV)();g.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const E={};var S=r(9417),N=r(5603),O=r(5284);const _=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let I=!1;function j(e,t={},g,R){let{init:x,info:j,loader_config:P,runtime:C={},exposed:k=!0}=t;C.loaderType=g;const L=(0,h.pV)();j||(x=L.init,j=L.info,P=L.loader_config),(0,S.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,x||{}),(0,N.a)(e.agentIdentifier,P||{}),j.jsAttributes??={},d.bv&&(j.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,j);const H=(0,S.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),D=[j.beacon,j.errorBeacon];I||(H.proxy.assets&&(_(H.proxy.assets),D.push(H.proxy.assets)),H.proxy.beacon&&D.push(H.proxy.beacon),A(),(0,h.US)("activatedFeatures",O.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===H.soft_navigations.enabled&&H.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),C.denyList=[...H.ajax.deny_list||[],...H.ajax.block_internal?D:[]],C.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,C),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=function(e,t,h=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const g={};var R=s.ee.get(e),x=R.get("tracer");E[e]=b.g.OFF,R.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{E[e]=t}));var A="api-",S=A+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),I(A,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function O(){}g.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,w.R)(R,e,t,r)},g.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),T(R,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},m.forEach((e=>{g[e]=I(A,e,!0,"api")})),g.addPageAction=I(A,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),g.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,I(A,"setPageViewName",!0)()},g.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},g.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},g.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},g.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),R.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},g[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,R)},g[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,R)},g.interaction=function(e){return(new O).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const _=O.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),h||(0,a.p)(S+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,R),function(){if(x.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw x.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{x.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function I(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[(0,v.t)(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,R),r?void 0:this}}function j(){r.e(478).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),R.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{_[e]=I(S,e,void 0,h?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),g.setCurrentRouteName=h?I(S,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):I(A,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),g.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!E[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,R)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>j()),!0):j(),g}(e.agentIdentifier,R,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=k),I=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>o,K7:()=>n,P3:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:"jserrors",logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.spa]:5,[n.ajax]:6,[n.sessionTrace]:7,[n.softNav]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9,[n.logging]:10,[n.genericEvents]:11},o={[n.pageViewTiming]:"events",[n.ajax]:"events",[n.spa]:"events",[n.softNav]:"events",[n.metrics]:"jserrors",[n.jserrors]:"jserrors",[n.sessionTrace]:"browser/blobs",[n.sessionReplay]:"browser/blobs",[n.logging]:"browser/logs",[n.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>({212:"nr-spa-compressor",249:"nr-spa-recorder",478:"nr-spa"}[e]+"-1.274.0.min.js"),i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.274.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={478:"sha512-1vUqEfJPB8Pihje9mv5CfYgkitO1FWcS+UQb84DbXqP8oYctRv4/lzl/MzNLPlRhcY1WVDBGL20I8vm6s2VV7g==",249:"sha512-Y/BeZAh6VSTmUtUNmS5XdyKxL92s30Fyyj8xVW76HSPxcKItL4+x2+kGMZc8pMJnUpZDz1L4eftZQAJh3D8NnA==",212:"sha512-Gn2tQ3qog5Yhrx/gRutkSTYPp+7nkKFt4/mIXg99LxcNpMDAYJZDBYmAACdoHNM86+iq1F3cBcQotFNzjIX8bw=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var h=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(h.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=h.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=h.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={38:0,788:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(e=(0,r.LA)(16)){this.agentIdentifier=e}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(425);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),h=i(5289),p=i(6154),g=i(5270),m=i(7767),v=i(6389);class b extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,v.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if((0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6526));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(t.sharedAggregator)await t.sharedAggregator;else{t.sharedAggregator=i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,9337));const{EventAggregator:e}=await t.sharedAggregator;t.sharedAggregator=new e}if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,h.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return(0,g.SR)(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var y=i(6630);class w extends b{static featureName=y.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,y.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(384);var x=i(9908),T=i(2843),A=i(3878),E=i(782),S=i(1863);class N extends b{static featureName=E.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,E.T,t),p.RI&&((0,T.u)((()=>(0,x.p)("docHidden",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,E.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,A.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,x.p)("winPagehide",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,E.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var O=i(3969);class _ extends b{static featureName=O.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,O.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var I=i(6774),j=i(3304);class P{constructor(e,t,r,n,i){this.name="UncaughtError",this.message="string"==typeof e?e:(0,j.A)(e),this.sourceURL=t,this.line=r,this.column=n,this.__newrelic=i}}function C(e){return H(e)?e:new P(void 0!==e?.message?e.message:e,e?.filename||e?.sourceURL,e?.lineno||e?.line,e?.colno||e?.col,e?.__newrelic)}function k(e){const t="Unhandled Promise Rejection";if(!e?.reason)return;if(H(e.reason))try{return e.reason.message=t+": "+e.reason.message,C(e.reason)}catch(t){return C(e.reason)}const r=C(e.reason);return r.message=t+": "+r?.message,r}function L(e){if(e.error instanceof SyntaxError&&!/:\d+$/.test(e.error.stack?.trim())){const t=new P(e.message,e.filename,e.lineno,e.colno,e.error.__newrelic);return t.name=SyntaxError.name,t}return H(e.error)?e.error:C(e)}function H(e){return e instanceof Error&&!!e.stack}class D extends b{static featureName=I.T;#r=!1;constructor(e,r=!0){super(e,I.T,r);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}this.ee.on("internal-error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("ierr",[C(e),(0,S.t)(),!0,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.#r=e})),p.gm.addEventListener("unhandledrejection",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("err",[k(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{unhandledPromiseRejection:1},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),p.gm.addEventListener("error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("err",[L(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var M=i(8990);let K=1;const U="nr@id";function V(e){const t=typeof e;return!e||"object"!==t&&"function"!==t?-1:e===p.gm?0:(0,M.I)(e,U,(function(){return K++}))}function G(e){if("string"==typeof e&&e.length)return e.length;if("object"==typeof e){if("undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&e instanceof ArrayBuffer&&e.byteLength)return e.byteLength;if("undefined"!=typeof Blob&&e instanceof Blob&&e.size)return e.size;if(!("undefined"!=typeof FormData&&e instanceof FormData))try{return(0,j.A)(e).length}catch(e){return}}}var F=i(8139),B=i(7836),W=i(3434);const z={},q=["open","send"];function Z(t){var r=t||B.ee;const n=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("xhr")}(r);if(z[n.debugId]++)return n;z[n.debugId]=1,(0,F.u)(r);var i=(0,W.YM)(n),o=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest,a=p.gm.MutationObserver,s=p.gm.Promise,c=p.gm.setInterval,u="readystatechange",d=["onload","onerror","onabort","onloadstart","onloadend","onprogress","ontimeout"],l=[],f=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest=function(t){const r=new o(t),a=n.context(r);try{n.emit("new-xhr",[r],a),r.addEventListener(u,(s=a,function(){var e=this;e.readyState>3&&!s.resolved&&(s.resolved=!0,n.emit("xhr-resolved",[],e)),i.inPlace(e,d,"fn-",y)}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(15,t);try{n.emit("internal-error",[t])}catch(e){}}var s;return r};function h(e,t){i.inPlace(t,["onreadystatechange"],"fn-",y)}if(function(e,t){for(var r in e)t[r]=e[r]}(o,f),f.prototype=o.prototype,i.inPlace(f.prototype,q,"-xhr-",y),n.on("send-xhr-start",(function(e,t){h(e,t),function(e){l.push(e),a&&(g?g.then(b):c?c(b):(m=-m,v.data=m))}(t)})),n.on("open-xhr-start",h),a){var g=s&&s.resolve();if(!c&&!s){var m=1,v=document.createTextNode(m);new a(b).observe(v,{characterData:!0})}}else r.on("fn-end",(function(e){e[0]&&e[0].type===u||b()}));function b(){for(var e=0;e<l.length;e++)h(0,l[e]);l.length&&(l=[])}function y(e,t){return t}return n}var Y="fetch-",X=Y+"body-",J=["arrayBuffer","blob","json","text","formData"],Q=p.gm.Request,ee=p.gm.Response,te="prototype";const re={};function ne(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("fetch")}(e);if(!(Q&&ee&&p.gm.fetch))return t;if(re[t.debugId]++)return t;function r(e,r,n){var i=e[r];"function"==typeof i&&(e[r]=function(){var e,r=[...arguments],o={};t.emit(n+"before-start",[r],o),o[B.P]&&o[B.P].dt&&(e=o[B.P].dt);var a=i.apply(this,r);return t.emit(n+"start",[r,e],a),a.then((function(e){return t.emit(n+"end",[null,e],a),e}),(function(e){throw t.emit(n+"end",[e],a),e}))})}return re[t.debugId]=1,J.forEach((e=>{r(Q[te],e,X),r(ee[te],e,X)})),r(p.gm,"fetch",Y),t.on(Y+"end",(function(e,r){var n=this;if(r){var i=r.headers.get("content-length");null!==i&&(n.rxSize=i),t.emit(Y+"done",[null,r],n)}else t.emit(Y+"done",[e],n)})),t}var ie=i(7485),oe=i(5603);class ae{constructor(e){this.agentIdentifier=e}generateTracePayload(e){if(!this.shouldGenerateTrace(e))return null;var t=(0,oe.o)(this.agentIdentifier);if(!t)return null;var n=(t.accountID||"").toString()||null,i=(t.agentID||"").toString()||null,o=(t.trustKey||"").toString()||null;if(!n||!i)return null;var a=(0,r.ZF)(),s=(0,r.el)(),c=Date.now(),u={spanId:a,traceId:s,timestamp:c};return(e.sameOrigin||this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useTraceContextHeadersForCors())&&(u.traceContextParentHeader=this.generateTraceContextParentHeader(a,s),u.traceContextStateHeader=this.generateTraceContextStateHeader(a,c,n,i,o)),(e.sameOrigin&&!this.excludeNewrelicHeader()||!e.sameOrigin&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useNewrelicHeaderForCors())&&(u.newrelicHeader=this.generateTraceHeader(a,s,c,n,i,o)),u}generateTraceContextParentHeader(e,t){return"00-"+t+"-"+e+"-01"}generateTraceContextStateHeader(e,t,r,n,i){return i+"@nr=0-1-"+r+"-"+n+"-"+e+"----"+t}generateTraceHeader(e,t,r,n,i,o){if(!("function"==typeof p.gm?.btoa))return null;var a={v:[0,1],d:{ty:"Browser",ac:n,ap:i,id:e,tr:t,ti:r}};return o&&n!==o&&(a.d.tk=o),btoa((0,j.A)(a))}shouldGenerateTrace(e){return this.isDtEnabled()&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)}isAllowedOrigin(e){var t=!1,r={};if((0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing")&&(r=(0,s.D0)(this.agentIdentifier).distributed_tracing),e.sameOrigin)t=!0;else if(r.allowed_origins instanceof Array)for(var n=0;n<r.allowed_origins.length;n++){var i=(0,ie.D)(r.allowed_origins[n]);if(e.hostname===i.hostname&&e.protocol===i.protocol&&e.port===i.port){t=!0;break}}return t}isDtEnabled(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.enabled}excludeNewrelicHeader(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.exclude_newrelic_header}useNewrelicHeaderForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!1!==e.cors_use_newrelic_header}useTraceContextHeadersForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.cors_use_tracecontext_headers}}var se=i(9300),ce=i(7295),ue=["load","error","abort","timeout"],de=ue.length,le=(0,R.dV)().o.REQ,fe=(0,R.dV)().o.XHR;class he extends b{static featureName=se.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,se.T,t),this.dt=new ae(e.agentIdentifier),this.handler=(e,t,r,n)=>(0,x.p)(e,t,r,n,this.ee);try{const e={xmlhttprequest:"xhr",fetch:"fetch",beacon:"beacon"};p.gm?.performance?.getEntriesByType("resource").forEach((t=>{if(t.initiatorType in e&&0!==t.responseStatus){const r={status:t.responseStatus},n={rxSize:t.transferSize,duration:Math.floor(t.duration),cbTime:0};pe(r,t.name),this.handler("xhr",[r,n,t.startTime,t.responseEnd,e[t.initiatorType]],void 0,a.K7.ajax)}}))}catch(e){}ne(this.ee),Z(this.ee),function(e,t,r,n){function i(e){var t=this;t.totalCbs=0,t.called=0,t.cbTime=0,t.end=R,t.ended=!1,t.xhrGuids={},t.lastSize=null,t.loadCaptureCalled=!1,t.params=this.params||{},t.metrics=this.metrics||{},e.addEventListener("load",(function(r){T(t,e)}),(0,A.jT)(!1)),p.lR||e.addEventListener("progress",(function(e){t.lastSize=e.loaded}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}function o(e){this.params={method:e[0]},pe(this,e[1]),this.metrics={}}function s(t,r){e.loader_config.xpid&&this.sameOrigin&&r.setRequestHeader("X-NewRelic-ID",e.loader_config.xpid);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i){var o=!1;i.newrelicHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("newrelic",i.newrelicHeader),o=!0),i.traceContextParentHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("traceparent",i.traceContextParentHeader),i.traceContextStateHeader&&r.setRequestHeader("tracestate",i.traceContextStateHeader),o=!0),o&&(this.dt=i)}}function c(e,r){var n=this.metrics,i=e[0],o=this;if(n&&i){var a=G(i);a&&(n.txSize=a)}this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.body=i,this.listener=function(e){try{"abort"!==e.type||o.loadCaptureCalled||(o.params.aborted=!0),("load"!==e.type||o.called===o.totalCbs&&(o.onloadCalled||"function"!=typeof r.onload)&&"function"==typeof o.end)&&o.end(r)}catch(e){try{t.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}}};for(var s=0;s<de;s++)r.addEventListener(ue[s],this.listener,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function u(e,t,r){this.cbTime+=e,t?this.onloadCalled=!0:this.called+=1,this.called!==this.totalCbs||!this.onloadCalled&&"function"==typeof r.onload||"function"!=typeof this.end||this.end(r)}function d(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&!this.xhrGuids[r]&&(this.xhrGuids[r]=!0,this.totalCbs+=1)}function l(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&this.xhrGuids[r]&&(delete this.xhrGuids[r],this.totalCbs-=1)}function f(){this.endTime=(0,S.t)()}function h(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-added",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function g(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-removed",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function m(e,t,r){t instanceof fe&&("onload"===r&&(this.onload=!0),("load"===(e[0]&&e[0].type)||this.onload)&&(this.xhrCbStart=(0,S.t)()))}function v(e,r){this.xhrCbStart&&t.emit("xhr-cb-time",[(0,S.t)()-this.xhrCbStart,this.onload,r],r)}function b(e){var t,r=e[1]||{};if("string"==typeof e[0]?0===(t=e[0]).length&&p.RI&&(t=""+p.gm.location.href):e[0]&&e[0].url?t=e[0].url:p.gm?.URL&&e[0]&&e[0]instanceof URL?t=e[0].href:"function"==typeof e[0].toString&&(t=e[0].toString()),"string"==typeof t&&0!==t.length){t&&(this.parsedOrigin=(0,ie.D)(t),this.sameOrigin=this.parsedOrigin.sameOrigin);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i&&(i.newrelicHeader||i.traceContextParentHeader))if(e[0]&&e[0].headers)s(e[0].headers,i)&&(this.dt=i);else{var o={};for(var a in r)o[a]=r[a];o.headers=new Headers(r.headers||{}),s(o.headers,i)&&(this.dt=i),e.length>1?e[1]=o:e.push(o)}}function s(e,t){var r=!1;return t.newrelicHeader&&(e.set("newrelic",t.newrelicHeader),r=!0),t.traceContextParentHeader&&(e.set("traceparent",t.traceContextParentHeader),t.traceContextStateHeader&&e.set("tracestate",t.traceContextStateHeader),r=!0),r}}function y(e,t){this.params={},this.metrics={},this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.dt=t,e.length>=1&&(this.target=e[0]),e.length>=2&&(this.opts=e[1]);var r,n=this.opts||{},i=this.target;"string"==typeof i?r=i:"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof le?r=i.url:p.gm?.URL&&"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof URL&&(r=i.href),pe(this,r);var o=(""+(i&&i instanceof le&&i.method||n.method||"GET")).toUpperCase();this.params.method=o,this.body=n.body,this.txSize=G(n.body)||0}function w(e,t){if(this.endTime=(0,S.t)(),this.params||(this.params={}),(0,ce.iW)(this.params))return;let n;this.params.status=t?t.status:0,"string"==typeof this.rxSize&&this.rxSize.length>0&&(n=+this.rxSize);const i={txSize:this.txSize,rxSize:n,duration:(0,S.t)()-this.startTime};r("xhr",[this.params,i,this.startTime,this.endTime,"fetch"],this,a.K7.ajax)}function R(e){const t=this.params,n=this.metrics;if(!this.ended){this.ended=!0;for(let t=0;t<de;t++)e.removeEventListener(ue[t],this.listener,!1);t.aborted||(0,ce.iW)(t)||(n.duration=(0,S.t)()-this.startTime,this.loadCazptureCalled||4!==e.readyState?null==t.status&&(t.status=0):T(this,e),n.cbTime=this.cbTime,r("xhr",[t,n,this.startTime,this.endTime,"xhr"],this,a.K7.ajax))}}function T(e,r){e.params.status=r.status;var n=function(e,t){var r=e.responseType;return"json"===r&&null!==t?t:"arraybuffer"===r||"blob"===r||"json"===r?G(e.response):"text"===r||""===r||void 0===r?G(e.responseText):void 0}(r,e.lastSize);if(n&&(e.metrics.rxSize=n),e.sameOrigin){var i=r.getResponseHeader("X-NewRelic-App-Data");i&&((0,x.p)(O.rs,["Ajax/CrossApplicationTracing/Header/Seen"],void 0,a.K7.metrics,t),e.params.cat=i.split(", ").pop())}e.loadCaptureCalled=!0}t.on("new-xhr",i),t.on("open-xhr-start",o),t.on("open-xhr-end",s),t.on("send-xhr-start",c),t.on("xhr-cb-time",u),t.on("xhr-load-added",d),t.on("xhr-load-removed",l),t.on("xhr-resolved",f),t.on("addEventListener-end",h),t.on("removeEventListener-end",g),t.on("fn-end",v),t.on("fetch-before-start",b),t.on("fetch-start",y),t.on("fn-start",m),t.on("fetch-done",w)}(e,this.ee,this.handler,this.dt),this.importAggregator(e)}}function pe(e,t){var r=(0,ie.D)(t),n=e.params||e;n.hostname=r.hostname,n.port=r.port,n.protocol=r.protocol,n.host=r.hostname+":"+r.port,n.pathname=r.pathname,e.parsedOrigin=r,e.sameOrigin=r.sameOrigin}const ge={},me=["pushState","replaceState"];function ve(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("history")}(e);return!p.RI||ge[t.debugId]++||(ge[t.debugId]=1,(0,W.YM)(t).inPlace(window.history,me,"-")),t}var be=i(3738);const{He:ye,bD:we,d3:Re,Kp:xe,TZ:Te,Lc:Ae,uP:Ee,Rz:Se}=be;class Ne extends b{static featureName=Te;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,Te,t);if(!(0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier))return void this.deregisterDrain();const r=this.ee;let n;ve(r),this.eventsEE=(0,F.u)(r),this.eventsEE.on(Ee,(function(e,t){this.bstStart=(0,S.t)()})),this.eventsEE.on(Ae,(function(e,t){(0,x.p)("bst",[e[0],t,this.bstStart,(0,S.t)()],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),r.on(Se+Re,(function(e){this.time=(0,S.t)(),this.startPath=location.pathname+location.hash})),r.on(Se+xe,(function(e){(0,x.p)("bstHist",[location.pathname+location.hash,this.startPath,this.time],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)}));try{n=new PerformanceObserver((e=>{const t=e.getEntries();(0,x.p)(ye,[t],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),n.observe({type:we,buffered:!0})}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(e,{resourceObserver:n})}}var Oe=i(2614);class _e extends b{static featureName=t.TZ;#i;#o;constructor(e,r=!0){let n;super(e,t.TZ,r),this.replayRunning=!1,this.#o=e;try{n=JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("".concat(Oe.H3,"_").concat(Oe.uh)))}catch(e){}(0,g.SR)(e.agentIdentifier)&&this.ee.on(t.G4.RECORD,(()=>this.#a())),this.#s(n)?(this.#i=n?.sessionReplayMode,this.#c()):this.importAggregator(e),this.ee.on("err",(e=>{this.replayRunning&&(this.errorNoticed=!0,(0,x.p)(t.G4.ERROR_DURING_REPLAY,[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee))})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.replayRunning=e}))}#s(e){return e&&(e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.FULL||e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.ERROR)||(0,g.Aw)(this.agentIdentifier)}#u=!1;async#c(e){if(!this.#u){this.#u=!0;try{const{Recorder:t}=await Promise.all([i.e(478),i.e(249)]).then(i.bind(i,8589));this.recorder??=new t({mode:this.#i,agentIdentifier:this.agentIdentifier,trigger:e,ee:this.ee}),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(this.#o,{recorder:this.recorder,errorNoticed:this.errorNoticed})}}#a(){this.featAggregate?this.featAggregate.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&this.featAggregate.initializeRecording(Oe.g.FULL,!0):(this.#i=Oe.g.FULL,this.#c(t.Qb.API),this.recorder&&this.recorder.parent.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&(this.recorder.parent.mode=Oe.g.FULL,this.recorder.stopRecording(),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording))}}var Ie=i(3962);class je extends b{static featureName=Ie.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,Ie.TZ,t),!p.RI||!(0,R.dV)().o.MO)return;const r=ve(this.ee);Ie.tC.forEach((e=>{(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>{a(e)}),!0)}));const n=()=>(0,x.p)("newURL",[(0,S.t)(),""+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee);r.on("pushState-end",n),r.on("replaceState-end",n);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}(0,A.sp)("popstate",(e=>(0,x.p)("newURL",[e.timeStamp,""+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal);let i=!1;const o=new((0,R.dV)().o.MO)(((e,t)=>{i||(i=!0,requestAnimationFrame((()=>{(0,x.p)("newDom",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),i=!1})))})),a=(0,v.s)((e=>{(0,x.p)("newUIEvent",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),o.observe(document.body,{attributes:!0,childList:!0,subtree:!0,characterData:!0})}),100,{leading:!0});this.abortHandler=function(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),o.disconnect(),this.abortHandler=void 0},this.importAggregator(e,{domObserver:o})}}var Pe=i(7378);const Ce={},ke=["appendChild","insertBefore","replaceChild"];function Le(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("jsonp")}(e);if(!p.RI||Ce[t.debugId])return t;Ce[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=/[?&](?:callback|cb)=([^&#]+)/,i=/(.*)\.([^.]+)/,o=/^(\w+)(\.|$)(.*)$/;function a(e,t){if(!e)return t;const r=e.match(o),n=r[1];return a(r[3],t[n])}return r.inPlace(Node.prototype,ke,"dom-"),t.on("dom-start",(function(e){!function(e){if(!e||"string"!=typeof e.nodeName||"script"!==e.nodeName.toLowerCase())return;if("function"!=typeof e.addEventListener)return;var o=(s=e.src,c=s.match(n),c?c[1]:null);var s,c;if(!o)return;var u=function(e){var t=e.match(i);if(t&&t.length>=3)return{key:t[2],parent:a(t[1],window)};return{key:e,parent:window}}(o);if("function"!=typeof u.parent[u.key])return;var d={};function l(){t.emit("jsonp-end",[],d),e.removeEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function f(){t.emit("jsonp-error",[],d),t.emit("jsonp-end",[],d),e.removeEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1))}r.inPlace(u.parent,[u.key],"cb-",d),e.addEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.addEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1)),t.emit("new-jsonp",[e.src],d)}(e[0])})),t}const He={};function De(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("promise")}(e);if(He[t.debugId])return t;He[t.debugId]=!0;var r=t.context,n=(0,W.YM)(t),i=p.gm.Promise;return i&&function(){function e(r){var o=t.context(),a=n(r,"executor-",o,null,!1);const s=Reflect.construct(i,[a],e);return t.context(s).getCtx=function(){return o},s}p.gm.Promise=e,Object.defineProperty(e,"name",{value:"Promise"}),e.toString=function(){return i.toString()},Object.setPrototypeOf(e,i),["all","race"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){let i=!1;[...e||[]].forEach((e=>{this.resolve(e).then(a("all"===r),a(!1))}));const o=n.apply(this,arguments);return o;function a(e){return function(){t.emit("propagate",[null,!i],o,!1,!1),i=i||!e}}}})),["resolve","reject"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){const r=n.apply(this,arguments);return e!==r&&t.emit("propagate",[e,!0],r,!1,!1),r}})),e.prototype=i.prototype;const o=i.prototype.then;i.prototype.then=function(...e){var i=this,a=r(i);a.promise=i,e[0]=n(e[0],"cb-",a,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],"cb-",a,null,!1);const s=o.apply(this,e);return a.nextPromise=s,t.emit("propagate",[i,!0],s,!1,!1),s},i.prototype.then[W.Jt]=o,t.on("executor-start",(function(e){e[0]=n(e[0],"resolve-",this,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],"resolve-",this,null,!1)})),t.on("executor-err",(function(e,t,r){e[1](r)})),t.on("cb-end",(function(e,r,n){t.emit("propagate",[n,!0],this.nextPromise,!1,!1)})),t.on("propagate",(function(e,r,n){this.getCtx&&!r||(this.getCtx=function(){if(e instanceof Promise)var r=t.context(e);return r&&r.getCtx?r.getCtx():this})}))}(),t}const Me={},Ke="setTimeout",Ue="setInterval",Ve="clearTimeout",Ge="-start",Fe=[Ke,"setImmediate",Ue,Ve,"clearImmediate"];function Be(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("timer")}(e);if(Me[t.debugId]++)return t;Me[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,W.YM)(t);return r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(0,2),Ke+"-"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(2,3),Ue+"-"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(3),Ve+"-"),t.on(Ue+Ge,(function(e,t,n){e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-",null,n)})),t.on(Ke+Ge,(function(e,t,n){this.method=n,this.timerDuration=isNaN(e[1])?0:+e[1],e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-",this,n)})),t}const We={};function ze(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("mutation")}(e);if(!p.RI||We[t.debugId])return t;We[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=p.gm.MutationObserver;return n&&(window.MutationObserver=function(e){return this instanceof n?new n(r(e,"fn-")):n.apply(this,arguments)},MutationObserver.prototype=n.prototype),t}const{TZ:qe,d3:Ze,Kp:Ye,$p:Xe,wW:Je,e5:Qe,tH:$e,uP:et,rw:tt,Lc:rt}=Pe;class nt extends b{static featureName=qe;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,qe,t),!p.RI)return;try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}let r,n=0;const i=this.ee.get("tracer"),o=Le(this.ee),a=De(this.ee),s=Be(this.ee),c=Z(this.ee),u=this.ee.get("events"),d=ne(this.ee),l=ve(this.ee),f=ze(this.ee);function h(e,t){l.emit("newURL",[""+window.location,t])}function g(){n++,r=window.location.hash,this[et]=(0,S.t)()}function m(){n--,window.location.hash!==r&&h(0,!0);var e=(0,S.t)();this[Qe]=~~this[Qe]+e-this[et],this[rt]=e}function v(e,t){e.on(t,(function(){this[t]=(0,S.t)()}))}this.ee.on(et,g),a.on(tt,g),o.on(tt,g),this.ee.on(rt,m),a.on(Je,m),o.on(Je,m),this.ee.on("fn-err",((...t)=>{t[2]?.__newrelic?.[e.agentIdentifier]||(0,x.p)("function-err",[...t],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.buffer([et,rt,"xhr-resolved"],this.featureName),u.buffer([et],this.featureName),s.buffer(["setTimeout"+Ye,"clearTimeout"+Ze,et],this.featureName),c.buffer([et,"new-xhr","send-xhr"+Ze],this.featureName),d.buffer([$e+Ze,$e+"-done",$e+Xe+Ze,$e+Xe+Ye],this.featureName),l.buffer(["newURL"],this.featureName),f.buffer([et],this.featureName),a.buffer(["propagate",tt,Je,"executor-err","resolve"+Ze],this.featureName),i.buffer([et,"no-"+et],this.featureName),o.buffer(["new-jsonp","cb-start","jsonp-error","jsonp-end"],this.featureName),v(d,$e+Ze),v(d,$e+"-done"),v(o,"new-jsonp"),v(o,"jsonp-end"),v(o,"cb-start"),l.on("pushState-end",h),l.on("replaceState-end",h),window.addEventListener("hashchange",h,(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("load",h,(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("popstate",(function(){h(0,n>1)}),(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var it=i(3333);class ot extends b{static featureName=it.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,it.TZ,t);const r=[e.init.page_action.enabled,e.init.performance.capture_marks,e.init.performance.capture_measures,e.init.user_actions.enabled];p.RI&&e.init.user_actions.enabled&&(it.Zp.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,x.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0))),it.qN.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,x.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)))))),r.some((e=>e))?this.importAggregator(e):this.deregisterDrain()}}var at=i(993),st=i(3785);class ct extends b{static featureName=at.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,at.TZ,t);const r=this.ee;this.ee.on("wrap-logger-end",(function([e]){const{level:t,customAttributes:n}=this;(0,st.R)(r,e,n,t)})),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t,r){super(r),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,R.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(w),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,R.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[he,w,N,Ne,_e,_,D,ot,ct,je,nt],loaderType:"spa"})})()})();</script> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="danbuHqBv6KA-4L7wN2HssxBRGeJQZUVp9_fyvms-lM" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/themes/csun/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <meta name="generator" content="Drupal 7 (http://drupal.org)" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.csun.edu/" /> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://www.csun.edu/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="California State University, Northridge" /> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.csun.edu/" /> <meta property="og:title" content="California State University, Northridge" /> <title>California State University, Northridge</title> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta http-equiv="cleartype" content="on"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/css/css_lQaZfjVpwP_oGNqdtWCSpJT1EMqXdMiU84ekLLxQnc4.css" media="all" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/css/css_7x1w6rvz1F-faiEvBg85x9gKfLsawBzSNWxkAgvFp14.css" media="all" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/css/css_Zb3WHgBr9weRRncEzQMG48TwQC74-FUg98XA4cAhKIg.css" media="all" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/css/css_Ktt-zxWyMgDN4pqqsxtHw2HhRZPuh2yX4cuUJUDykqs.css" media="all" /> <script src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/js/js_YD9ro0PAqY25gGWrTki6TjRUG8TdokmmxjfqpNNfzVU.js"></script> <script src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/js/js_-F8_5UvAr8oFTkxIboHfJXbMekqX_FPZiYvKUDBajmY.js"></script> <script src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/js/js_FrtkpDHKpsK7evkLKANgFId_X3T-d3_zBLckoS8y2_c.js"></script> <script src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/all/modules/lightbox2/js/lightbox.js?1732495258"></script> <script src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/js/js_tY80jw0C4AGv_8dMj7ZBunGT9H1rtAGBOyJ_qTDY6oU.js"></script> <script src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-2216614-1"></script> <script>window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments)};gtag("js", new Date());gtag("set", "developer_id.dMDhkMT", true);gtag("config", "UA-2216614-1", {"groups":"default"});var linkUIDPair = {"csun.edu/academic-affairs/web-team" : "UA-32478748-24", "csun.edu/pride" : "UA-56469014-1", "csun.edu/vrc" : "UA-56469014-2", "csun.edu/collegeportrait " : "UA-30178527-1", "csun.edu/valley-nonprofit-resources" : "UA-59328031-1", "csun.edu/oasis" : "UA-56469014-3", "csun.edu/undergraduate-studies" : "UA-60805418-1", "csun.edu/explore-csun" : "UA-60989908-1", "csun.edu/universal-design-center" : "UA-61220579-1", "csun.edu/advancement" : "UA-2216614-20", "csun.edu/science-mathematics/chemistry-biochemistry" : "UA-71689641-1", "csun.edu/studentaffairs" : "UA-2216614-21", "csun.edu/eisner-education" : "UA-2216614-22", "csun.edu/universal-design-center" : "UA-2216614-23", "csun.edu/health-human-development" : "UA-2216614-24", "csun.edu/sustainability" : "UA-2216614-32", "csun.edu/mike-curb-arts-media-communication" : "UA-2216614-25", "csun.edu/busecon" : "UA-2216614-26", "csun.edu/engineering-computer-science" : "UA-2216614-27", "csun.edu/humanities" : "UA-2216614-28", "csun.edu/science-mathematics" : "UA-2216614-29", "csun.edu/social-behavioral-sciences" : "UA-2216614-30", "csun.edu/wellbeing" : "UA-2216614-31", "csun.edu/undergraduate-studies" : "UA-2216614-33", "csun.edu/center-of-achievement" : "UA-2216614-34", "csun.edu/marilyn-magaram-center" : "UA-2216614-35", "csun.edu/csun-eop" : "UA-2216614-36", "csun.edu/research-graduate-studies" : "UA-2216614-37", "csun.edu/tuc": "UA-2216614-39"}; for (var property in linkUIDPair) { var res = window.location.pathname; res = (String(res[res.length-1]) == "/") ? res.substring(0, res.length-1) : res; res = res.replace(/\W+/g, ""); if (document.URL.indexOf(property) > -1) { ga("create", String(linkUIDPair[property]), {'name':String(res)}); ga(String(res)+'.send', 'pageview'); } }  var script = document.createElement('SCRIPT'); script.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=AW-959412039'; document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { var body = document.getElementsByTagName('BODY'); body[0].appendChild(script); window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'AW-959412039'); !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s) {if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)}; if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0'; n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window, document,'script', 'https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js'); fbq('init', '211919792908771'); fbq('track', 'PageView'); var remind = document.getElementById('remindtransfernow'); remind.addEventListener('click',() => { gtag_report_conversion(window.location); fbq ('track', 'CompleteRegistration'); }); function gtag_report_conversion(url) { var callback = function () { if (typeof(url) != 'undefined') { window.location = url; } }; gtag('event', 'conversion', { 'send_to': 'AW-959412039/p_i8CKm_lFkQx-69yQM', 'event_callback': callback }); return false; } });</script> <script src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/js/js_xVxQq3kX2JnJi_BJj4J86lbo8iQjONe0tJcUHIzo6yw.js"></script> <script>jQuery.extend(Drupal.settings, {"basePath":"\/","pathPrefix":"","setHasJsCookie":0,"ajaxPageState":{"theme":"csun","theme_token":"SkPca1JUxdUE6Dd0i4bTl-JjcWC7C3FkO8P6fWJWbh4","js":{"sites\/all\/modules\/addthis\/addthis.js":1,"misc\/jquery.js":1,"misc\/jquery-extend-3.4.0.js":1,"misc\/jquery-html-prefilter-3.5.0-backport.js":1,"misc\/jquery.once.js":1,"misc\/drupal.js":1,"sites\/all\/libraries\/flexslider\/jquery.flexslider.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/admin_menu\/admin_devel\/admin_devel.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/entityreference\/js\/entityreference.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/google_analytics_reports\/google_analytics_reports\/google_analytics_reports.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/caption_filter\/js\/caption-filter.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/lightbox2\/js\/lightbox.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/panels\/js\/panels.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/google_analytics\/googleanalytics.js":1,"https:\/\/www.googletagmanager.com\/gtag\/js?id=UA-2216614-1":1,"0":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/csun\/js\/script.js":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/csun\/js\/cas_login.js":1},"css":{"modules\/system\/system.base.css":1,"modules\/system\/system.menus.css":1,"modules\/system\/system.messages.css":1,"modules\/system\/system.theme.css":1,"sites\/all\/libraries\/flexslider\/flexslider.css":1,"modules\/aggregator\/aggregator.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/calendar\/css\/calendar_multiday.css":1,"modules\/comment\/comment.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/date\/date_repeat_field\/date_repeat_field.css":1,"modules\/field\/theme\/field.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/google_analytics_reports\/google_analytics_reports\/google_analytics_reports.css":1,"modules\/node\/node.css":1,"modules\/search\/search.css":1,"modules\/user\/user.css":1,"modules\/forum\/forum.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/views\/css\/views.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/caption_filter\/caption-filter.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/ctools\/css\/ctools.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/lightbox2\/css\/lightbox_alt.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/panels\/css\/panels.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/wysiwyg_linebreaks\/wysiwyg_linebreaks.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/panels\/plugins\/layouts\/onecol\/onecol.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/csun\/system.menus.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/csun\/system.messages.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/csun\/system.theme.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/csun\/flexslider.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/csun\/css\/styles.css":1}},"googleAnalyticsReportsAjaxUrl":"\/google-analytics-reports\/ajax","lightbox2":{"rtl":0,"file_path":"\/(\\w\\w\/)public:\/","default_image":"\/sites\/all\/modules\/lightbox2\/images\/brokenimage.jpg","border_size":10,"font_color":"000","box_color":"fff","top_position":"","overlay_opacity":"0.8","overlay_color":"000","disable_close_click":1,"resize_sequence":0,"resize_speed":400,"fade_in_speed":400,"slide_down_speed":600,"use_alt_layout":1,"disable_resize":0,"disable_zoom":0,"force_show_nav":0,"show_caption":1,"loop_items":0,"node_link_text":"View Image Details","node_link_target":0,"image_count":"Image !current of !total","video_count":"Video !current of !total","page_count":"Page !current of !total","lite_press_x_close":"press \u003Ca href=\u0022#\u0022 onclick=\u0022hideLightbox(); return FALSE;\u0022\u003E\u003Ckbd\u003Ex\u003C\/kbd\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E to close","download_link_text":"","enable_login":false,"enable_contact":false,"keys_close":"c x 27","keys_previous":"p 37","keys_next":"n 39","keys_zoom":"z","keys_play_pause":"32","display_image_size":"original","image_node_sizes":"()","trigger_lightbox_classes":"","trigger_lightbox_group_classes":"","trigger_slideshow_classes":"","trigger_lightframe_classes":"","trigger_lightframe_group_classes":"","custom_class_handler":0,"custom_trigger_classes":"","disable_for_gallery_lists":true,"disable_for_acidfree_gallery_lists":true,"enable_acidfree_videos":true,"slideshow_interval":5000,"slideshow_automatic_start":true,"slideshow_automatic_exit":true,"show_play_pause":true,"pause_on_next_click":false,"pause_on_previous_click":true,"loop_slides":false,"iframe_width":600,"iframe_height":400,"iframe_border":1,"enable_video":0},"googleanalytics":{"account":["UA-2216614-1"],"trackOutbound":1,"trackMailto":1,"trackDownload":1,"trackDownloadExtensions":"7z|aac|arc|arj|asf|asx|avi|bin|csv|doc(x|m)?|dot(x|m)?|exe|flv|gif|gz|gzip|hqx|jar|jpe?g|js|mp(2|3|4|e?g)|mov(ie)?|msi|msp|pdf|phps|png|ppt(x|m)?|pot(x|m)?|pps(x|m)?|ppam|sld(x|m)?|thmx|qtm?|ra(m|r)?|sea|sit|tar|tgz|torrent|txt|wav|wma|wmv|wpd|xls(x|m|b)?|xlt(x|m)|xlam|xml|z|zip"},"ogContext":{"groupType":"node","gid":"11001"}});</script>  </head> <body class="html front not-logged-in page-node page-node- page-node-11001 node-type-group og-context og-context-node og-context-node-11001 page-panels" > <div class="layout-csun"> <div class="layout-csun--header"> <header class="header" id="header" role="banner"> <a href="/" title="California State University, Northridge - Home" rel="home" class="header--logo-csun" id="logo"><img src="/sites/default/themes/csun/logoCSUN.png" alt="California State University, Northridge - Home" class="header--logo-image" /></a> </header> </div> <div class="nav-dropdown"> <div class="sr-only sr-hide-desktop"> <a href="#main-content">Skip to Content</a> </div> <button class="nav-dropdown__label" title="Toggle Mobile Menu" aria-expanded="false" aria-pressed="false" > <span aria-hidden="true">☰</span> <span class="element-invisible">Mobile menu</span> </button> </div> <div class="layout-csun--header-right nav-dropdown__container"> <div class="panel-pane pane-menu-tree pane-user-menu" > <h2 class="pane-title">User menu</h2> <div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-ctools-user-menu-1 menu-name-user-menu parent-mlid-user-menu-0 menu-level-1"> <ul class="menu"><li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-custom"><a href="#main-content" class="menu--link">Skip to Content</a></li><li class="menu--leaf first leaf menu-mlid-1195"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/accessibility" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Accessibility</a></li><li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-5131"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/peoplefinder" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Directory</a></li><li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-5136"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/calendar" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Calendar</a></li><li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-31546"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/atoz/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">A to Z</a></li><li class="menu--leaf last leaf menu-mlid-5141"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/webmail" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Webmail</a></li></ul></div> </div>   <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-google-appliance-ga-block-search-form"> <form action="/search" method="GET" accept-charset="UTF-8"> <div class="search-container"> <div class="form-item form-type-textfield form-item-search-keys"> <label class="element-invisible" for="edit-search-keys">Enter the terms you wish to search for. </label> <input type="text" id="edit-search-keys" name="q" value="" size="15" maxlength="128" class="form-text"> </div>  <input type="hidden" name="col" value="15" /> <div class="form-actions form-wrapper" id="edit-actions"> <input type="submit" id="edit-submit" value="Search" class="form-submit"> </div> </div> </form> </div>  </div> </div> <div class="layout-csun--navbar"> <div class="mobile-only"> <ul class="layout-csun--mobile-links"> <li> <a href="https://auth.csun.edu/cas/login?service=https://mynorthridge.csun.edu/psp/PANRPRD/?cmd=login&languageCd=ENG" rel="noreferrer" > Portal </a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.csun.edu/webmail"> Webmail </a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.csun.edu/peoplefinder"> Directory </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://canvas.csun.edu/"> Canvas </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-block-custom-primary-links" > <h2 class="pane-title">Navigation</h2> <div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-custom-primary-links menu-name-menu-og-11001 parent-mlid-0 menu-level-1"> <ul class="menu"><li class="menu--expanded first expanded menu-mlid-9996 mega-menu__trigger menu--leaf"><a href="/about-csun" role="menuitem" aria-expanded="false" class="menu--link">About</a><div class="mega-menu__wrapper"><ul class="mega-menu"><li class="mega-menu__column"><ul class="mega-menu__column-list"><li class="mega-menu__item mobile-only"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/atoz" class="mega-menu__link">A to Z</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item mobile-only"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/accessibility" class="mega-menu__link">Accessibility</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/wasc" class="mega-menu__link">Accreditation</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/leadership" class="mega-menu__link">Administration</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/assessment/" class="mega-menu__link">Assessment & Program Review</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item mobile-only"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/calendar" class="mega-menu__link">Calendar</a></li></ul></li><li class="mega-menu__column"><ul class="mega-menu__column-list"><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/counts/" class="mega-menu__link">CSUN Counts</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/csundining" class="mega-menu__link">CSUN Dining</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item mobile-only"><a href="https://fs.csun.edu/adfs/ls/?wa=wsignin1.0&wtrealm=urn:federation:MicrosoftOnline " class="mega-menu__link">CSUN Faculty and Staff Email</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://csuntoday.csun.edu" class="mega-menu__link">CSUN News</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/magazine" class="mega-menu__link">CSUN Magazine</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item mobile-only"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/peoplefinder" class="mega-menu__link">Directory</a></li></ul></li><li class="mega-menu__column"><ul class="mega-menu__column-list"><li class="mega-menu__item mobile-only"><a href="http://my.csun.edu" class="mega-menu__link">Gmail Student & Alumni Email</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/60/csun-1958-and-beyond" class="mega-menu__link">History</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/maps/" class="mega-menu__link">Maps & Parking </a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/advancement/marketing-and-communications/" class="mega-menu__link">Marketing & Communications</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item mobile-only"><a href="http://moodle.csun.edu" class="mega-menu__link">Moodle</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item mobile-only"><a href="http://mycsun.box.com " class="mega-menu__link">myCSUNbox</a></li></ul></li><li class="mega-menu__column"><ul class="mega-menu__column-list"><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/it" class="mega-menu__link">Technology @ CSUN</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.valleyperformingartscenter.org/" class="mega-menu__link">The Soraya</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/visitors/" class="mega-menu__link">Visiting CSUN</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/volunteer-leadership/" class="mega-menu__link">Volunteer Leadership</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li class="menu--expanded expanded menu-mlid-10001 mega-menu__trigger menu--leaf"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/prospective-students" role="menuitem" aria-expanded="false" class="menu--link">Admissions</a><div class="mega-menu__wrapper"><ul class="mega-menu"><li class="mega-menu__column"><ul class="mega-menu__column-list"><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/prospective-students/freshman" class="mega-menu__link">Future First-time Freshman</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/prospective-students/transfer" class="mega-menu__link">Future First-time Transfer</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/prospective-students/graduate" class="mega-menu__link">Future Graduate Student</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/prospective-students/international" class="mega-menu__link">Future International Students</a></li></ul></li><li class="mega-menu__column"><ul class="mega-menu__column-list"><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/prospective-students/returning" class="mega-menu__link">Returning CSUN Student</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/prospective-students/veterans" class="mega-menu__link">Future Veteran Students</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://mynorthridge.csun.edu/psp/PANRPRD/EMPLOYEE/EMPL/h/?tab=PAPP_GUEST" class="mega-menu__link">Extended Learning Programs & Registration </a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/stufin" class="mega-menu__link">Tuition and Fees</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li class="menu--active menu--expanded expanded active menu-mlid-10006 mega-menu__trigger menu--leaf"><a href="/" role="menuitem" aria-expanded="false" class="menu--link active">Colleges</a><div class="mega-menu__wrapper"><ul class="mega-menu"><li class="mega-menu__column"><ul class="mega-menu__column-list"><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/mike-curb-arts-media-communication" class="mega-menu__link">Mike Curb College of Arts, Media, and Communication</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/busecon" class="mega-menu__link">David Nazarian College of Business and Economics</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/education/" class="mega-menu__link">Michael D. Eisner College of Education</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/engineering-computer-science" class="mega-menu__link">Engineering and Computer Science </a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="/health-human-development" class="mega-menu__link">Health & Human Development</a></li></ul></li><li class="mega-menu__column"><ul class="mega-menu__column-list"><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="/humanities" class="mega-menu__link">Humanities</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="/science-mathematics" class="mega-menu__link">Science & Mathematics</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="/social-behavioral-sciences" class="mega-menu__link">Social & Behavioral Sciences</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://tsengcollege.csun.edu/" class="mega-menu__link">Tseng College: Graduate, International and Midcareer Education</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li class="menu--expanded expanded menu-mlid-10011 mega-menu__trigger menu--leaf"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/academic.affairs/" role="menuitem" aria-expanded="false" class="menu--link">Academics</a><div class="mega-menu__wrapper"><ul class="mega-menu"><li class="mega-menu__column"><ul class="mega-menu__column-list"><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/catalog/academic-advisement/" class="mega-menu__link">Academic Advisement </a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/academic-affairs" class="mega-menu__link">Academic Affairs</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/faculty-affairs/calendar" class="mega-menu__link">Academic Calendars</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/academic/" class="mega-menu__link">Academic Programs</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/catalog/policies/academic-standing-for-undergraduates-good-standing-probation-and-disqualified-status/" class="mega-menu__link">Academic Standing</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/current-students/register/late-register" class="mega-menu__link">Adding & Dropping a Class</a></li></ul></li><li class="mega-menu__column"><ul class="mega-menu__column-list"><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/tsengcollege/international/all-things-international" class="mega-menu__link">All Things International</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/current-students/graduation" class="mega-menu__link">Apply to Graduate</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://catalog.csun.edu" class="mega-menu__link">Catalog</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/class-search" class="mega-menu__link">Class Search</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/eop/" class="mega-menu__link">Educational Opportunity Program</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/faculty-affairs" class="mega-menu__link">Faculty</a></li></ul></li><li class="mega-menu__column"><ul class="mega-menu__column-list"><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/faculty-senate" class="mega-menu__link">Faculty Senate</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/graduate-studies" class="mega-menu__link">Graduate Studies</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/current-students/register" class="mega-menu__link">Register for Classes</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/research-sponsored-programs" class="mega-menu__link">Research and Sponsored Programs</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/admissions-records/student-academic-calendar" class="mega-menu__link">Student Academic Calendar</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/current-students/forms" class="mega-menu__link">Student Forms</a></li></ul></li><li class="mega-menu__column"><ul class="mega-menu__column-list"><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/lrc/" class="mega-menu__link">Tutoring</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="/undergraduate-studies" class="mega-menu__link">Undergraduate Studies</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://library.csun.edu/" class="mega-menu__link">University Library</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/prospective-students/veterans" class="mega-menu__link">Veteran Affairs</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li class="menu--expanded expanded menu-mlid-10016 mega-menu__trigger menu--leaf"><a href="/studentaffairs" role="menuitem" aria-expanded="false" class="menu--link">Students</a><div class="mega-menu__wrapper"><ul class="mega-menu"><li class="mega-menu__column"><ul class="mega-menu__column-list"><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/catalog/academic-advisement/" class="mega-menu__link">Academic Advisement</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/tsengcollege/international/all-things-international" class="mega-menu__link">All Things International</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csunas.org" class="mega-menu__link">Associated Students</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.bkstr.com/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/StoreCatalogDisplay?catalogId=10001&langId=-1&demoKey=d&storeId=10057" class="mega-menu__link">Bookstore</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/admissions-records/calendars" class="mega-menu__link">Calendars</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/prospectivestudents/visit-csun" class="mega-menu__link">Campus Life</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="/career" class="mega-menu__link">Career Center</a></li></ul></li><li class="mega-menu__column"><ul class="mega-menu__column-list"><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/current-students" class="mega-menu__link">Current Students</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="/dres" class="mega-menu__link">Disability Resources and Educational Services</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="/financialaid" class="mega-menu__link">Financial Aid</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="/mic" class="mega-menu__link">Getting Involved</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/current-students/how-guides" class="mega-menu__link">How to Guides</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/international/" class="mega-menu__link">International Students</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/studenthealthcenter/" class="mega-menu__link">Klotz Health Center</a></li></ul></li><li class="mega-menu__column"><ul class="mega-menu__column-list"><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="/ncod" class="mega-menu__link">NCOD: Deaf & Hard of Hearing Services</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/outreach/prospective/" class="mega-menu__link">Prospective Students</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/current-students/forms" class="mega-menu__link">Student Forms</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csuhealthlink.com/default.aspx" class="mega-menu__link">Student Health Insurance</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="/node/9311" title=" " class="mega-menu__link">Student Housing</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/src" class="mega-menu__link">Student Recreation Center</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/stufin" class="mega-menu__link">University Cash Services</a></li></ul></li><li class="mega-menu__column"><ul class="mega-menu__column-list"><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="/counseling" class="mega-menu__link">University Counseling Services</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://usu.csun.edu" class="mega-menu__link">University Student Union</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/current-students/graduation" class="mega-menu__link">Apply to Graduate</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/prospective-students/veterans" class="mega-menu__link">Veterans Affairs</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li class="menu--expanded expanded menu-mlid-10021 mega-menu__trigger menu--leaf"><a href="http://www.csun.edu" role="menuitem" aria-expanded="false" class="menu--link">Inside CSUN</a><div class="mega-menu__wrapper"><ul class="mega-menu"><li class="mega-menu__column"><ul class="mega-menu__column-list"><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.885fm.org/" class="mega-menu__link">88.5 FM (KCSN)</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/academic.affairs/" class="mega-menu__link">Academic Affairs</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/afvp" class="mega-menu__link">Administration & Finance</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/tsengcollege/international/all-things-international" class="mega-menu__link">All Things International</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/careers/" class="mega-menu__link">Careers@CSUN</a></li></ul></li><li class="mega-menu__column"><ul class="mega-menu__column-list"><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/foundation/" class="mega-menu__link">CSUN Foundation</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://sundial.csun.edu/" class="mega-menu__link">Daily Sundial</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/police/" class="mega-menu__link">Department of Police Services</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/hr/" class="mega-menu__link">Human Resources</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/it" class="mega-menu__link">Information Technology</a></li></ul></li><li class="mega-menu__column"><ul class="mega-menu__column-list"><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="/undergraduate-studies/community-engagement" class="mega-menu__link">Office of Community Engagement</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="/president" class="mega-menu__link">Office of the President</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/public-records-requests" class="mega-menu__link">Public Records Requests</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="/studentaffairs" class="mega-menu__link">Student Affairs</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="https://www.thesoraya.org/" class="mega-menu__link">The Soraya</a></li></ul></li><li class="mega-menu__column"><ul class="mega-menu__column-list"><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="/tuc" class="mega-menu__link">The University Corporation</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/calendar/" class="mega-menu__link">University Calendar</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://library.csun.edu/events" class="mega-menu__link">University Library Events & Exhibits</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/advancement" class="mega-menu__link">University Relations and Advancement</a></li><li class="mega-menu__item"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/volunteer-leadership/" class="mega-menu__link">Volunteer Leadership</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li class="menu--leaf last leaf menu-mlid-10026"><a href="https://engage.csun.edu/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Give</a></li></ul></div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-block-custom-primary-mobile" > <h2 class="pane-title">CSUN</h2> <div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-custom-primary-mobile menu-name-menu-og-11001 parent-mlid-0 menu-level-1"> <ul class="menu"><li class="menu--expanded first expanded menu-mlid-9996"><a href="/about-csun" role="menuitem" aria-expanded="false" class="menu--link">About</a><ul class="menu"><li class="menu--expanded menu--expanded first expanded menu-mlid-9996"><a href="/about-csun" role="menuitem" aria-expanded="false" class="menu--link">About Main</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf first leaf menu-mlid-19276 mobile-only"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/atoz" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">A to Z</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-19261 mobile-only"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/accessibility" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Accessibility</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10221"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/wasc" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Accreditation</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10216"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/leadership" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Administration</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10226"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/assessment/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Assessment & Program Review</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-19271 mobile-only"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/calendar" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Calendar</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10066"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/counts/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">CSUN Counts</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-44216"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/csundining" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">CSUN Dining</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-19286 mobile-only"><a href="https://fs.csun.edu/adfs/ls/?wa=wsignin1.0&wtrealm=urn:federation:MicrosoftOnline " role="menuitem" class="menu--link">CSUN Faculty and Staff Email</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-18491"><a href="http://csuntoday.csun.edu" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">CSUN News</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10161"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/magazine" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">CSUN Magazine</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-19266 mobile-only"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/peoplefinder" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Directory</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-19281 mobile-only"><a href="http://my.csun.edu" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Gmail Student & Alumni Email</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10071"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/60/csun-1958-and-beyond" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">History</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10081"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/maps/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Maps & Parking </a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10196"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/advancement/marketing-and-communications/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Marketing & Communications</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-19291 mobile-only"><a href="http://moodle.csun.edu" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Moodle</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-22186 mobile-only"><a href="http://mycsun.box.com " role="menuitem" class="menu--link">myCSUNbox</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10201"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/it" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Technology @ CSUN</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10206"><a href="http://www.valleyperformingartscenter.org/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">The Soraya</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10076"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/visitors/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Visiting CSUN</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf last leaf menu-mlid-10236"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/volunteer-leadership/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Volunteer Leadership</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="menu--expanded expanded menu-mlid-10001"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/prospective-students" role="menuitem" aria-expanded="false" class="menu--link">Admissions</a><ul class="menu"><li class="menu--expanded menu--expanded expanded menu-mlid-10001"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/prospective-students" role="menuitem" aria-expanded="false" class="menu--link">Admissions Main</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf first leaf menu-mlid-18476"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/prospective-students/freshman" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Future First-time Freshman</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10551"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/prospective-students/transfer" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Future First-time Transfer</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10096"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/prospective-students/graduate" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Future Graduate Student</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10511"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/prospective-students/international" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Future International Students</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10521"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/prospective-students/returning" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Returning CSUN Student</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-32916"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/prospective-students/veterans" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Future Veteran Students</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10526"><a href="https://mynorthridge.csun.edu/psp/PANRPRD/EMPLOYEE/EMPL/h/?tab=PAPP_GUEST" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Extended Learning Programs & Registration </a></li> <li class="menu--leaf last leaf menu-mlid-67271"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/stufin" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Tuition and Fees</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="menu--active menu--expanded expanded active menu-mlid-10006"><a href="/" role="menuitem" aria-expanded="false" class="menu--link active">Colleges</a><ul class="menu"><li class="menu--active menu--expanded menu--active menu--expanded expanded active menu-mlid-10006"><a href="/" role="menuitem" aria-expanded="false" class="menu--link active">Colleges Main</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf first leaf menu-mlid-10041"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/mike-curb-arts-media-communication" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Mike Curb College of Arts, Media, and Communication</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10106"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/busecon" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">David Nazarian College of Business and Economics</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10111"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/education/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Michael D. Eisner College of Education</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10556"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/engineering-computer-science" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Engineering and Computer Science </a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10561"><a href="/health-human-development" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Health & Human Development</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10566"><a href="/humanities" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Humanities</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10571"><a href="/science-mathematics" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Science & Mathematics</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10576"><a href="/social-behavioral-sciences" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Social & Behavioral Sciences</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf last leaf menu-mlid-10581"><a href="http://tsengcollege.csun.edu/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Tseng College: Graduate, International and Midcareer Education</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="menu--expanded expanded menu-mlid-10011"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/academic.affairs/" role="menuitem" aria-expanded="false" class="menu--link">Academics</a><ul class="menu"><li class="menu--expanded menu--expanded expanded menu-mlid-10011"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/academic.affairs/" role="menuitem" aria-expanded="false" class="menu--link">Academics Main</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf first leaf menu-mlid-10601"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/catalog/academic-advisement/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Academic Advisement </a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-49291"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/academic-affairs" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Academic Affairs</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-68881"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/faculty-affairs/calendar" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Academic Calendars</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10046"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/academic/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Academic Programs</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10596"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/catalog/policies/academic-standing-for-undergraduates-good-standing-probation-and-disqualified-status/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Academic Standing</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10121"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/current-students/register/late-register" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Adding & Dropping a Class</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-18481"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/tsengcollege/international/all-things-international" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">All Things International</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-49006"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/current-students/graduation" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Apply to Graduate</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10126"><a href="https://catalog.csun.edu" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Catalog</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16406"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/class-search" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Class Search</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10591"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/eop/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Educational Opportunity Program</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10606"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/faculty-affairs" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Faculty</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16411"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/faculty-senate" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Faculty Senate</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-65816"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/graduate-studies" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Graduate Studies</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16436"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/current-students/register" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Register for Classes</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10616"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/research-sponsored-programs" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Research and Sponsored Programs</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-32896"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/admissions-records/student-academic-calendar" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Student Academic Calendar</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-32901"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/current-students/forms" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Student Forms</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10586"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/lrc/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Tutoring</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10611"><a href="/undergraduate-studies" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Undergraduate Studies</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10116"><a href="http://library.csun.edu/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">University Library</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf last leaf menu-mlid-32906"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/prospective-students/veterans" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Veteran Affairs</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="menu--expanded expanded menu-mlid-10016"><a href="/studentaffairs" role="menuitem" aria-expanded="false" class="menu--link">Students</a><ul class="menu"><li class="menu--expanded menu--expanded expanded menu-mlid-10016"><a href="/studentaffairs" role="menuitem" aria-expanded="false" class="menu--link">Students Main</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf first leaf menu-mlid-10136"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/catalog/academic-advisement/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Academic Advisement</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-18486"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/tsengcollege/international/all-things-international" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">All Things International</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16276"><a href="http://www.csunas.org" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Associated Students</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16416"><a href="http://www.bkstr.com/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/StoreCatalogDisplay?catalogId=10001&langId=-1&demoKey=d&storeId=10057" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Bookstore</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-32886"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/admissions-records/calendars" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Calendars</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10141"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/prospectivestudents/visit-csun" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Campus Life</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16261"><a href="/career" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Career Center</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10131"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/current-students" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Current Students</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16251"><a href="/dres" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Disability Resources and Educational Services</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16241"><a href="/financialaid" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Financial Aid</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16271"><a href="/mic" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Getting Involved</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-34226"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/current-students/how-guides" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">How to Guides</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16236"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/international/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">International Students</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16226"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/studenthealthcenter/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Klotz Health Center</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16256"><a href="/ncod" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">NCOD: Deaf & Hard of Hearing Services</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10051"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/outreach/prospective/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Prospective Students</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-32891"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/current-students/forms" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Student Forms</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16281"><a href="https://www.csuhealthlink.com/default.aspx" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Student Health Insurance</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16231"><a href="/node/9311" title=" " role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Student Housing</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16291"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/src" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Student Recreation Center</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16246"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/stufin" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">University Cash Services</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16266"><a href="/counseling" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">University Counseling Services</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16286"><a href="http://usu.csun.edu" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">University Student Union</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-49011"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/current-students/graduation" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Apply to Graduate</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf last leaf menu-mlid-32881"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/prospective-students/veterans" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Veterans Affairs</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="menu--expanded expanded menu-mlid-10021"><a href="http://www.csun.edu" role="menuitem" aria-expanded="false" class="menu--link">Inside CSUN</a><ul class="menu"><li class="menu--expanded menu--expanded expanded menu-mlid-10021"><a href="http://www.csun.edu" role="menuitem" aria-expanded="false" class="menu--link">Inside CSUN Main</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf first leaf menu-mlid-16341"><a href="http://www.885fm.org/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">88.5 FM (KCSN)</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16301"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/academic.affairs/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Academic Affairs</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16306"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/afvp" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Administration & Finance</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10056"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/tsengcollege/international/all-things-international" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">All Things International</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16356"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/careers/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Careers@CSUN</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16331"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/foundation/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">CSUN Foundation</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10151"><a href="http://sundial.csun.edu/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Daily Sundial</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16346"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/police/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Department of Police Services</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16351"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/hr/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Human Resources</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16321"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/it" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Information Technology</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-58186"><a href="/undergraduate-studies/community-engagement" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Office of Community Engagement</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16296"><a href="/president" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Office of the President</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-67561"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/public-records-requests" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Public Records Requests</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16311"><a href="/studentaffairs" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Student Affairs</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16336"><a href="https://www.thesoraya.org/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">The Soraya</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16326"><a href="/tuc" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">The University Corporation</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10156"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/calendar/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">University Calendar</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-10166"><a href="http://library.csun.edu/events" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">University Library Events & Exhibits</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf leaf menu-mlid-16316"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/advancement" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">University Relations and Advancement</a></li> <li class="menu--leaf last leaf menu-mlid-16366"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/volunteer-leadership/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Volunteer Leadership</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="menu--leaf last leaf menu-mlid-10026"><a href="https://engage.csun.edu/" role="menuitem" class="menu--link">Give</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> <div class="layout-csun"> <div class="layout-csun--supplementary"> <div class="panel-pane pane-entity-view pane-node" > <article class="node-24631 node node-slideshow node-promoted view-mode-full clearfix" about="/node/24631" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document"> <header> <span property="dc:title" content="" class="rdf-meta element-hidden"></span><span property="sioc:num_replies" content="0" datatype="xsd:integer" class="rdf-meta element-hidden"></span> </header> <div class="slide-wrapper flexslider-off"><ul class="slides"> <li class="slide"><figure class="field field-name-field-slideshow-slides field-type-field-collection field-label-hidden"> <div class="field field-name-field-image field-type-image field-label-hidden"> <img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/styles/slideshow_full/public/field_image/field_slideshow_slides/banner_newsite001_0.jpg?itok=GRyziUwj" width="1128" height="356" alt="Images from CSUN&#039;s New Site" /> </div> <figcaption> <p class="field field-name-field-title-text field-type-text field-label-hidden"> Coming Soon: A New CSUN.edu </p> <p class="field field-name-field-link field-type-link-field field-label-hidden"> <a href="https://csunshinetoday.csun.edu/community/a-new-csun-edu/">Read More</a> </p> </figcaption></figure></li><li class="slide"><figure class="field field-name-field-slideshow-slides field-type-field-collection field-label-hidden"> <div class="field field-name-field-image field-type-image field-label-hidden"> <img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/styles/slideshow_full/public/field_image/field_slideshow_slides/fire-coral-Banner-2.jpg?itok=_6GrmMn4" width="1128" height="353" alt="Caribbean Fire Coral." title="Fire Coral Winning the Battle for Domination of Caribbean Reef." /> </div> <figcaption> <p class="field field-name-field-title-text field-type-text field-label-hidden"> Winning Battle for Caribbean Reef </p> <p class="field field-name-field-link field-type-link-field field-label-hidden"> <a href="https://csunshinetoday.csun.edu/csun-leaders/fire-coral-winning-the-battle-for-domination-of-caribbean-reef-csun-prof-says/">Read More</a> </p> </figcaption></figure></li><li class="slide"><figure class="field field-name-field-slideshow-slides field-type-field-collection field-label-hidden"> <div class="field field-name-field-image field-type-image field-label-hidden"> <img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/styles/slideshow_full/public/field_image/field_slideshow_slides/mexico-socialmedia-Banner.jpg?itok=CxsWGqj8" width="1128" height="356" alt="Chicana/o studies associate professor Xóchitl Flores-Marcial in the the archives." title="CSUN Prof to Spend Next Year Studying Mexico’s Indigenous Social Networks as a Ford Postdoc Fellow." /> </div> <figcaption> <p class="field field-name-field-title-text field-type-text field-label-hidden"> Studying Mexico’s Indigenous Social Networks </p> <p class="field field-name-field-link field-type-link-field field-label-hidden"> <a href="https://csunshinetoday.csun.edu/arts-and-culture/csun-prof-to-spend-next-year-studying-mexicos-indigenous-social-networks-as-a-ford-postdoc-fellow/">Read More</a> </p> </figcaption></figure></li><li class="slide"><figure class="field field-name-field-slideshow-slides field-type-field-collection field-label-hidden"> <div class="field field-name-field-image field-type-image field-label-hidden"> <img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/styles/slideshow_full/public/field_image/field_slideshow_slides/diversify-coral-Banner.jpg?itok=6uholsh1" width="1128" height="356" alt="Caribbean coral forests." title="By Diversifying Their ‘Portfolio,’ Some Corals Are Surviving, at Least in the Short Term, Says CSUN Marine Biologist." /> </div> <figcaption> <p class="field field-name-field-title-text field-type-text field-label-hidden"> Diversifying 'Portfolios' on Coral Reefs </p> <p class="field field-name-field-link field-type-link-field field-label-hidden"> <a href="https://csunshinetoday.csun.edu/csun-leaders/by-diversifying-their-portfolio-some-corals-are-surviving-at-least-in-the-short-term-says-csun-marine-biologist/">Read More</a> </p> </figcaption></figure></li><li class="slide"><figure class="field field-name-field-slideshow-slides field-type-field-collection field-label-hidden"> <div class="field field-name-field-image field-type-image field-label-hidden"> <img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/styles/slideshow_full/public/field_image/field_slideshow_slides/moving-forward-Banner.jpg?itok=pJNLBrW8" width="1128" height="356" alt="Family and friends gathered to celebrate with the graduates at a special ceremony held at the Chicano House." title="Moving Forward and Giving Back: The Graduates of CSUN’s Project Rebound." /> </div> <figcaption> <p class="field field-name-field-title-text field-type-text field-label-hidden"> Moving Forward and Giving Back </p> <p class="field field-name-field-link field-type-link-field field-label-hidden"> <a href="https://csunshinetoday.csun.edu/faculty-and-staff-news/faculty-and-staff-achievements/moving-forward-and-giving-back-the-graduates-of-csuns-project-rebound/">Read More</a> </p> </figcaption></figure></li><li class="slide"><figure class="field field-name-field-slideshow-slides field-type-field-collection field-label-hidden"> <div class="field field-name-field-image field-type-image field-label-hidden"> <img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/styles/slideshow_full/public/field_image/field_slideshow_slides/nairobi-journalism-banner.jpg?itok=Itj3lJLW" width="1128" height="356" alt="The city of Nairobi." title="CSUN Professor To Head Photojournalism Program In Nairobi." /> </div> <figcaption> <p class="field field-name-field-title-text field-type-text field-label-hidden"> Professor To Head Nairobi Photojournalism Program </p> <p class="field field-name-field-link field-type-link-field field-label-hidden"> <a href="https://csunshinetoday.csun.edu/arts-and-culture/csun-professor-to-head-photojournalism-program-in-nairobi/">Read More</a> </p> </figcaption></figure></li><li class="slide"><figure class="field field-name-field-slideshow-slides field-type-field-collection field-label-hidden"> <div class="field field-name-field-image field-type-image field-label-hidden"> <img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/styles/slideshow_full/public/field_image/field_slideshow_slides/social-media-power-banner.jpg?itok=munJs8Ju" width="1128" height="356" alt="Illustration of students holding phones with social media apps." title="Rise of Social Media and Internet Have Made People More Vulnerable to Power of ‘Influencers,’ CSUN Professor Says." /> </div> <figcaption> <p class="field field-name-field-title-text field-type-text field-label-hidden"> Vulnerable to Power of ‘Influencers’ </p> <p class="field field-name-field-link field-type-link-field field-label-hidden"> <a href="https://csunshinetoday.csun.edu/media-releases/rise-of-social-media-and-internet-have-made-people-more-vulnerable-to-power-of-influencers-csun-professor-says/">Read More</a> </p> </figcaption></figure></li></ul></div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="layout-csun--supplementary"> <div class="panel-pane pane-fieldable-panels-pane pane-fpid-5026 pane-bundle-side-block" > <div class="field field-name-field-body field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"> <script> <![CDATA[// ><!]]> </script> <style type="text/css"> <![CDATA[/* ><!]]>*/ </style> <div class="wo-constituency-links"> <div class="wo-collapsible__header wo-constituency-links-expander hide-no-js desktop--hidden" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="constituency-links-landing" data-role="wo-collapsible-control" data-target="@sibling" role="tab" tabindex="0"> More Links </div> <div id="constituency-links-landing" aria-hidden="false" class="wo-collapsible wo-collapsed--mobile" role="tabpanel"> <ul class="field field-name-field-group-constituency-links field-type-link-field field-label-hidden"> <li id="CollapsiblePanel1" class="mobile--hidden"> <a id="CollapsiblePanelTab1" tabindex="0" href="#" role="button" aria-label="My Northridge Portal"> MyNorthridge Portal </a> </li> <li><a href="http://www.csun.edu/alumni">Alumni</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.gomatadors.com">Athletics</a></li> <li><a href="http://library.csun.edu">Library</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="CollapsiblePanelContent1"> <div class="constituency-extra mobile--hidden">  <div style="padding: 0 1rem; text-align: center;"> <h2> myNorthridgePortal </h2>    <a class="action-button" href="https://auth.csun.edu/cas/login">Sign In</a> <p> Forgot: <a href="https://shibboleth.csun.edu/forgotuid">User ID</a> or <a href="https://shibboleth.csun.edu/forgotpassword">Password</a> </p> </div>  <div class="external-services"> <ul> <li> <a href="http://www.csun.edu/it/gmail-students"> <img src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/gmail.png" alt="Gmail" /> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://login.microsoftonline.com/login.srf?wa=wsignin1.0&whr=csun.edu&wreply=https://office.com/"> <img src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/office.png" alt="CSUN Faculty and Staff Email" /> </a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.csun.edu/it/canvas"> <img src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/it_panel_button_canvas_text.png" alt="Canvas" /> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://mycsun.box.com/"> <img src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/box_1.png" alt="myCSUNbox" /> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://csun.portfolium.com/"> <img src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/portfolium.png" alt="Portfolium" /> </a> </li> <li> <a href="http://csun.zoom.us/"> <img src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/zoom-button.png" alt="Zoom" /> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="it-alerts"> <h3><a href="/it/">Tech News</a></h3>  <p>To reset your password, visit <a href="https://mynorthridge.csun.edu/psc/PANRPRD/EMPLOYEE/EMPL/s/WEBLIB_NRPA_PWD.ISCRIPT1.FieldFormula.IScript_ChangePassword" target="_blank">Forgot My Password</a> and log in with your CSUN user ID. Forgot your user ID? Visit <a href="https://auth.csun.edu/idm/forgot_uid" target="_blank">Forgot User ID</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="layout-csun--columns layout-csun--columns-both"> <div id="content" class="layout-csun--content layout-csun--content-both"> <a id="main-content"></a> <div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-page-elements" > <div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-page_elements"> <div class="panel-panel panel-col"> <div><h1>CSUN</h1> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-node-content" > <article class="node-11001 node node-group node-promoted view-mode-full clearfix" about="/node/11001" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document"> <header> <span property="dc:title" content="" class="rdf-meta element-hidden"></span><span property="sioc:num_replies" content="0" datatype="xsd:integer" class="rdf-meta element-hidden"></span> </header> </article> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-fieldable-panels-pane pane-fpid-27871 pane-bundle-side-block" > </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-fieldable-panels-pane pane-fpid-2216 pane-bundle-side-block" > <h2 class="pane-title"><a href="http://csuntoday.csun.edu/">News</a></h2> <div class="field field-name-field-body field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even">   <h4> <a href="https://csunshinetoday.csun.edu/faculty-and-staff-news/annual-staff-service-and-recognition-of-excellence-awards-ceremony-returns-as-in-person-event/"><img alt="President Erika D. Beck at the podium." border="0" class="media-image media-image-left" height="90" style="float: left; margin-left: 6px; margin-right: 6px; padding: 1px; border: 1px solid #cccccc;" width="90" typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/_SAA-thumb.jpg" /> Annual Staff Service and Recognition of Excellence Awards Ceremony Returns as In-Person Event </a></h4> <p>Staff members’ years of service and contributions to the university were celebrated at CSUN’s 56th Annual Staff Service and Recognition of Excellence Awards ceremony. It was held at the University Student Union (USU) on July 7. It was a festive atmosphere — attendees could enter the event on a red carpet and have their photos taken. <a href="https://csunshinetoday.csun.edu/faculty-and-staff-news/annual-staff-service-and-recognition-of-excellence-awards-ceremony-returns-as-in-person-event/"> Continue reading about the Annual Staff Service and Recognition of Excellence Awards Ceremony</a>.</p>  <h4> <a href="https://csunshinetoday.csun.edu/csun-leaders/csun-president-and-nazarian-college-dean-named-among-l-a-s-most-influential-people/"><img alt="CSUN President Erika D. Beck." border="0" class="media-image media-image-left" height="90" style="float: left; margin-left: 6px; margin-right: 6px; padding: 1px; border: 1px solid #cccccc;" width="90" typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/dr-beck-1-Thumb.jpg" /> CSUN President and Nazarian College Dean Named Among L.A.’s Most Influential People </a></h4> <p>CSUN President Erika D. Beck and Chandra Subramaniam, dean of CSUN’s David Nazarian College of Business and Economics, have been recognized in the Los Angeles Business Journal LA500 edition. The magazine list highlights the area’s most influential and impactful executives. <a href="https://csunshinetoday.csun.edu/csun-leaders/csun-president-and-nazarian-college-dean-named-among-l-a-s-most-influential-people/"> Continue reading about who Named Among L.A.’s Most Influential People</a>.</p>  <h4> <a href="https://csunshinetoday.csun.edu/education/csun-announces-1-8m-in-hsi-community-grants-for-csu-stem-initiatives-with-support-from-apple-csuns-global-hsi-equity-innovation-hub-launches-first-initiative/"><img alt="Global Hispanic Serving Institution (HSI) Equity Innovation Hub." border="0" class="media-image media-image-left" height="90" style="float: left; margin-left: 6px; margin-right: 6px; padding: 1px; border: 1px solid #cccccc;" width="90" typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/HSI-building-thumb.jpg" /> CSUN Announces $1.8M in HSI Community Grants for CSU STEM Initiatives With support from Apple, CSUN’s Global HSI Equity Innovation Hub launches first initiative </a></h4> <p>First-of-its-kind Global Hispanic Serving Institution (HSI) Equity Innovation Hub announced today $1.8 million in CSU HSI Community Grants designed to inspire the next generation of creators and innovators to pursue educational pathways that lead to high-demand careers in STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) and the creative and tech industries. <a href="https://csunshinetoday.csun.edu/education/csun-announces-1-8m-in-hsi-community-grants-for-csu-stem-initiatives-with-support-from-apple-csuns-global-hsi-equity-innovation-hub-launches-first-initiative/"> Continue reading about the CSUN’s Global HSI Equity Innovation Hub first initiative</a>.</p>  <h4> <a href="https://csunshinetoday.csun.edu/science-and-technology/engineering-and-computer-science-seniors-showcase-their-innovations/"><img alt="A student working on a project at the Senior Design Project Showcase." border="0" class="media-image media-image-left" height="90" style="float: left; margin-left: 6px; margin-right: 6px; padding: 1px; border: 1px solid #cccccc;" width="90" typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/ECS-show-thumb.jpg" /> Engineering and Computer Science Seniors Showcase Their Innovations </a></h4> <p>An app to assist novice computer builders, an electronically adjustable crutch and a drone called “The Octocopter” were just some of the ideas engineered and built by students who competed in this year’s Senior Design Project Showcase. Seniors in CSUN’s College of Engineering and Computer Science presented their projects for review by industry professionals, just weeks before their graduation. <a href="https://csunshinetoday.csun.edu/science-and-technology/engineering-and-computer-science-seniors-showcase-their-innovations/"> Continue reading about how Seniors Showcase Their Innovations</a>.</p>  <h4> <a href="https://csunshinetoday.csun.edu/arts-and-culture/csuns-teenage-drama-workshop-returns-to-full-production-with-hammered-and-disney-frozen-jr/"><img alt="Director Ronnie Sperling in rehearsals with the cast." border="0" class="media-image media-image-left" height="90" style="float: left; margin-left: 6px; margin-right: 6px; padding: 1px; border: 1px solid #cccccc;" width="90" typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/drama-workshop-thumb.jpg" /> CSUN’s Teenage Drama Workshop Returns to Full Production with ‘Hammered’ and ‘Disney Frozen, Jr.’ </a></h4> <p>Teenage Drama Workshop (TADW), the nationally acclaimed summer youth theater program offered by California State University, Northridge, will celebrate its 65th anniversary this summer with a return to full production and two plays that illustrate the drama involved in sibling relationships. <a href="https://csunshinetoday.csun.edu/arts-and-culture/csuns-teenage-drama-workshop-returns-to-full-production-with-hammered-and-disney-frozen-jr/"> Continue reading about CSUN’s Teenage Drama Workshop productions</a>.</p>     <p><strong> <a href="http://csuntoday.csun.edu/">More news at CSUN Today<br /></a></strong></p> </div></div></div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-fieldable-panels-pane pane-fpid-5956 pane-bundle-side-block" > <div class="field field-name-field-body field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even">  <script type="text/javascript" src="//script.crazyegg.com/pages/scripts/0013/2432.js" async="async"></script>  </div></div></div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-fieldable-panels-pane pane-fpid-39171 pane-bundle-side-block" > <div class="field field-name-field-body field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"> <script> <![CDATA[// ><!]]> </script> </div></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="layout-csun--sidebar-left sidebar"> <div class="panel-pane pane-fieldable-panels-pane pane-fpid-2231 pane-bundle-side-block" > <div class="field field-name-field-body field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"> <p><a href="http://www.csun.edu/calendar/">See more events</a></p><p><a href="http://www.csun.edu/maps/" target="_self">Maps & Parking</a></p><p><a href="http://www.csun.edu/visitors/" target="_self">Visiting CSUN</a></p> </div></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="layout-csun--sidebar-right sidebar"> <div class="panel-pane pane-fieldable-panels-pane pane-fpid-5551 pane-bundle-side-block" > <div class="field field-name-field-body field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"> <p><a href="https://www.csun.edu/matadors-forward"><img alt="" border="0" class="media-image" height="100" width="330" typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/chicletcovid22d.jpg"></a></p><p><a href="https://www.csun.edu/student-covid19-compliance"><img alt="Student COVID-19 Compliance" border="0" class="media-image" height="100" width="330" typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/chiclet-covid_students.jpg"></a></p><p><a href="https://www.csun.edu/provost/road-map-future"><img alt="" border="0" class="media-image" height="100" width="330" typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/Road_Ahead_Web_Page_Button_2022.jpg"></a></p><p><a href="https://matadormatch.csun.edu"><img alt="Matador Match-your gift will be matched." border="0" class="media-image" height="100" width="330" typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/sidenav_matador_match22.jpg"></a></p> </div></div></div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-fieldable-panels-pane pane-fpid-5046 pane-bundle-side-block" > <div class="field field-name-field-body field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"> <ul style="list-style: none; font-size: 1em; font-weight: 900;"><li style="margin-bottom: 6px;"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/faculty-affairs/calendar">Academic Calendars</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 6px;"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/prospective-students/admissions-deadlines">Admissions Calendar</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 6px;"><a href="https://catalog.csun.edu">University Catalog</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 6px;"><a href="http://www.csun.edu/class-search">Class Search</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 6px;"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/current-students/forms">Student Forms</a></li></ul><hr /> <hr /><p><a href="http://www.csun.edu/rise/"><img alt="Elevating Los Angeles and Beyond" border="0" class="media-image" height="100" width="330" typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://live-csun-d7.pantheonsite.io/sites/default/files/rise.jpeg" /></a></p><p><a href="https://tsengcollege.csun.edu/programs/summer"><img alt="Summer Session 2022-Join Us" border="0" class="media-image" height="100" width="330" typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://live-csun-d7.pantheonsite.io/sites/default/files/Summer2022-CSUN.jpg" /></a></p><p><a href="https://www.thesoraya.org"><img alt="The Soraya 2022-2023 Season" border="0" class="media-image" height="100" width="330" typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://live-csun-d7.pantheonsite.io/sites/default/files/220620_Homepage_Button_TheSoraya.jpg" /></a></p><p><a href="http://www.885fm.org/"><img alt="The Independent 88.5 FM: Listen Live" border="0" class="media-image" height="100" width="330" typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://live-csun-d7.pantheonsite.io/sites/default/files/885FM-ORG-Homepage-Button.png" /></a></p> </div></div></div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-fieldable-panels-pane pane-fpid-2346 pane-bundle-side-block" > <h2 class="pane-title">Social Media</h2> <div class="field field-name-field-body field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"> <div class="wrapper" style="height:80px; margin: 0; border-bottom: 2px solid #CCCCCC; height:80px; width:80%; overflow:hidden;"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/CalStateNorthridge"><img src="https://www.csun.edu/ua/images/youtube_10_6.png" width="64" height="64" alt="YouTube Logo" style="float:left; margin:8px;" /></a> <p style="margin: 25px 0 auto 0; font-size:110%; font-weight:900;"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/CalStateNorthridge">YouTube</a></p> </div> <div class="wrapper" style="height:80px; margin: 0; border-bottom: 2px solid #CCCCCC; height:80px; width:80%; overflow:hidden;"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/calstatenorthridge"><img src="https://www.csun.edu/ua/images/fb_10_6.png" width="64" height="64" alt="Facebook Logo" style="float:left; margin:8px;" /></a> <p style="margin: 25px 0 auto 0; font-size:110%; font-weight:900;"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/calstatenorthridge">Facebook</a></p> </div> <div class="wrapper" style="height:80px; margin: 0; border-bottom: 2px solid #CCCCCC; height:80px; width:80%; overflow:hidden;"> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/csun_edu/"><img src="https://www.csun.edu/ua/images/instagramicon.png" width="64" height="64" alt="Instagram Logo" style="float:left; margin:8px;" /></a> <p style="margin: 25px 0 auto 0; font-size:110%; font-weight:900;"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/csun_edu/">Instagram</a></p> </div> <div class="wrapper" style="height:80px; margin: 0; border-bottom: 2px solid #CCCCCC; height:80px; width:80%; overflow:hidden;"> <a href="https://twitter.com/csunorthridge"><img src="https://www.csun.edu/ua/images/twitter_10_6.png" width="64" height="64" alt="Twitter Logo" style="float:left; margin:8px;" /></a> <p style="margin: 25px 0 auto 0; font-size:110%; font-weight:900;"><a href="https://twitter.com/csunorthridge">Twitter</a></p> </div> <div class="wrapper" style="height:80px; margin: 0; xborder-bottom: 2px solid #CCCCCC; height:80px; width:80%; overflow:hidden;"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/school/california-state-university-northridge/"><img src="https://www.csun.edu/ua/images/linkedin_10_6.png" width="64" height="64" alt="LinkedIn Logo" style="float:left; margin:8px;" /></a> <p style="margin: 25px 0 auto 0; font-size:110%; font-weight:900;"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/school/california-state-university-northridge/">LinkedIn</a></p> </div> </div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout-csun--footer"> <div class="panel-pane pane-footer" > <div class="column"> <div id="footer-logo" title="Seal for California State University, Northridge"></div> </div> <div class="column"> <address class="vcard"> <span class="fn org"> CSUN<br> © California State University, Northridge </span><br> <span class="street-address">18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA 91330</span><br> <span class="tel">Phone: <a class="value" href="tel:+18186771200">(818) 677-1200</a></span> / <span class="contact-us"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/contact">Contact Us</a></span><br> </address> </div> <div class="column column--links"> <ul> <li class="sr-hide-desktop"><a href="https://www.csun.edu/accessibility">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.csun.edu/emergency/">Emergency Information</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.csun.edu/afvp/university-policies-procedures/">University Policies & Procedures</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.csun.edu/eqd/title-ix-gender-equity-and-sexual-misconduct"> Title <abbr title="nine">IX</abbr> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="column column--links"> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/900-12.pdf">Terms and Conditions for Use</a></li> <li><a href="/it/privacy">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/it/document-viewers">Document Reader</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="column column--links"> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.calstate.edu/">California State University</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/clery-report.pdf">Annual Security Report (Clery)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/Annual-Fire-Safety-Report.pdf">Annual Fire Safety Report</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://www.csun.edu/sites/default/files/js/js_MLVgtzZ1ORq9krYqkeOsRay6ou_T-0QZytivuM9tTT8.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { var sz = document.createElement('script'); sz.type = 'text/javascript'; sz.async = true; sz.src = '//siteimproveanalytics.com/js/siteanalyze_66356789.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(sz, s); })(); /*]]>*/ </script> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"NRJS-c1dbc212d7bfa7c8eae","applicationID":"1370604726","transactionName":"M1FUZ0EEWUoHU0BQWgobY0FaShhQCFRRQRsUXEY=","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":4901,"atts":"HxZXEQkeSkQ=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html>