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Search results for: Mahir Irtiza
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class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Mahir Irtiza"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 7</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Mahir Irtiza</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Fuzzy Logic Control for Flexible Joint Manipulator: An Experimental Implementation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sophia%20Fry">Sophia Fry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahir%20Irtiza"> Mahir Irtiza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexa%20Hoffman"> Alexa Hoffman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yousef%20Sardahi"> Yousef Sardahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study presents an intelligent control algorithm for a flexible robotic arm. Fuzzy control is used to control the motion of the arm to maintain the arm tip at the desired position while reducing vibration and increasing the system speed of response. The Fuzzy controller (FC) is based on adding the tip angular position to the arm deflection angle and using their sum as a feedback signal to the control algorithm. This reduces the complexity of the FC in terms of the input variables, number of membership functions, fuzzy rules, and control structure. Also, the design of the fuzzy controller is model-free and uses only our knowledge about the system. To show the efficacy of the FC, the control algorithm is implemented on the flexible joint manipulator (FJM) developed by Quanser. The results show that the proposed control method is effective in terms of response time, overshoot, and vibration amplitude. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20logic%20control" title="fuzzy logic control">fuzzy logic control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model-free%20control" title=" model-free control"> model-free control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexible%20joint%20manipulators" title=" flexible joint manipulators"> flexible joint manipulators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20control" title=" nonlinear control"> nonlinear control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164512/fuzzy-logic-control-for-flexible-joint-manipulator-an-experimental-implementation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164512.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">118</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Iterative White Balance Adjustment Process in Production Line</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Onur%20Onder">Onur Onder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Celal%20Tanuca"> Celal Tanuca</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahir%20Ozil"> Mahir Ozil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Halil%20Sen"> Halil Sen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alk%C4%B1m%20Ozkan"> Alkım Ozkan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Engin%20Ceylan"> Engin Ceylan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Istek"> Ali Istek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ozgur%20Saglam"> Ozgur Saglam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> White balance adjustment of LCD TVs is an important procedure which has a direct influence on quality perception. Existing methods adjust RGB gain and offset values in different white levels during production. This paper suggests an iterative method in which the gamma is pre-adjusted during the design stage, and only 80% white is adjusted during production by modifying only RGB gain values (offset values are not modified). This method reduces the white balance adjustment time, contributing to the total efficiency of the production. Experiment shows that the adjustment results are well within requirements. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=color%20temperature" title="color temperature">color temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LCD%20panel%20deviation" title=" LCD panel deviation"> LCD panel deviation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LCD%20TV%20manufacturing" title=" LCD TV manufacturing"> LCD TV manufacturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=white%20balance" title=" white balance"> white balance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143486/iterative-white-balance-adjustment-process-in-production-line" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143486.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">217</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Linearization of Y-Force Equation of Rigid Body Equation of Motion and Behavior of Fighter Aircraft under Imbalance Weight on Wings during Combat</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jawad%20Zakir">Jawad Zakir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Irtiza%20Ali%20Shah"> Syed Irtiza Ali Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rana%20Shaharyar"> Rana Shaharyar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sidra%20Mahmood"> Sidra Mahmood</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Y-force equation comprises aerodynamic forces, drag and side force with side slip angle β and weight component along with the coupled roll (φ) and pitch angles (θ). This research deals with the linearization of Y-force equation using Small Disturbance theory assuming equilibrium flight conditions for different state variables of aircraft. By using assumptions of Small Disturbance theory in non-linear Y-force equation, finally reached at linearized lateral rigid body equation of motion; which says that in linearized Y-force equation, the lateral acceleration is dependent on the other different aerodynamic and propulsive forces like vertical tail, change in roll rate (Δp) from equilibrium, change in yaw rate (Δr) from equilibrium, change in lateral velocity due to side force, drag and side force components due to side slip, and the lateral equation from coupled rotating frame to decoupled rotating frame. This paper describes implementation of this lateral linearized equation for aircraft control systems. Another significant parameter considered on which y-force equation depends is ‘c’ which shows that any change bought in the weight of aircrafts wing will cause Δφ and cause lateral force i.e. Y_c. This simplification also leads to lateral static and dynamic stability. The linearization of equations is required because much of mathematics control system design for aircraft is based on linear equations. This technique is simple and eases the linearization of the rigid body equations of motion without using any high-speed computers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y-force%20linearization" title="Y-force linearization">Y-force linearization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20disturbance%20theory" title=" small disturbance theory"> small disturbance theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=side%20slip" title=" side slip"> side slip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aerodynamic%20force%20drag" title=" aerodynamic force drag"> aerodynamic force drag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lateral%20rigid%20body%20equation%20of%20motion" title=" lateral rigid body equation of motion"> lateral rigid body equation of motion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68600/linearization-of-y-force-equation-of-rigid-body-equation-of-motion-and-behavior-of-fighter-aircraft-under-imbalance-weight-on-wings-during-combat" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68600.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">496</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Design & Development of a Static-Thrust Test-Bench for Aviation/UAV Based Piston Engines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Muhammad%20Basit%20Ali">Syed Muhammad Basit Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Usama%20Saleem"> Usama Saleem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irtiza%20Ali"> Irtiza Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Internal combustion engines have been pioneers in the aviation industry, use of piston engines for aircraft propulsion, from propeller-driven bi-planes to turbo-prop, commercial, and cargo airliners. To provide an adequate amount of thrust piston engine rotates the propeller at a specific rpm, allowing enough mass airflow. Thrust is the only forward-acting force of an aircraft that helps heavier than air bodies to fly, depending on the mathematical model and variables included in that with the correct measurement. Test-benches have been a bench-mark in the aerospace industry to analyse the results before a flight, having paramount significance in reliability and safety engineering, depending on the mathematical model and variables included in that with the correct measurement. Calculation of thrust from a piston engine also depends on environmental changes, the diameter of the propeller, and the density of air. The project would be centered on piston engines used in the aviation industry for light aircraft and UAVs. A static thrust test bench involves various units, each performing a designed purpose to monitor and display. Static thrust tests are performed on the ground, and safety concerns hold paramount importance. The execution of this study involves research, design, manufacturing, and results based on reverse engineering initiating from virtual design, analytical analysis, and simulations. The final evaluation of results gathered from various methods such as co-relation between conventional mass-spring and digital loadcell. On average, we received 17.5kg of thrust (25+ engine run-ups – around 40 hours of engine run), only 10% deviation from analytically calculated thrust –providing 90% accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aviation" title="aviation">aviation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aeronautics" title=" aeronautics"> aeronautics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20thrust" title=" static thrust"> static thrust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=test%20bench" title=" test bench"> test bench</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aircraft%20maintenance" title=" aircraft maintenance"> aircraft maintenance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140749/design-development-of-a-static-thrust-test-bench-for-aviationuav-based-piston-engines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140749.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">410</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Genetic Diversity of Tiger Groupers (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) Challenged with Vibrio Parahaemolyticus and Exposed to Extreme Low Salinities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hidayah%20Triana">Hidayah Triana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahir%20S.%20Gani"> Mahir S. Gani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asmi%20Citra%20Malina"> Asmi Citra Malina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamka"> Hamka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was conducted to determine genetic diversity of tiger groupers that are resistant to V. parahaemolyticus and tolerant to low extreme salinities. This research is useful to obtain superior broodstock of fish. Tiger grouper used were 6 to 8 cm obtained from Brackish Water Aquaculture Research Center Gondol (Bali). This study consists of four stages: preliminary stage was adaptation of fish exposed to several concentrations of V. parahaemolyticus (103, 104, 105, 106, and 107 CFU / ml); second stage was test of Lethal Concentration (LC50) of bacteria to fish; third stage was salinity tolerance test (low salinity 12, 14 and 16 ppt) and fourth stage was analysis of DNA profiles. For DNA profiles analysis, genomic DNA of fish were extracted for PCR using primers YNZ-22 and UBC-122 and visualized by electrophoresis method. The results showed that Lethal concentration of bacteria (LC50) to fish was 1,56x106 CFU/ml. Furthermore, survival rate of groupers exposed with low salinities (12, 14, 16 ppt) survival rates were found to be 54,17 %, 66,67 % and 79,16 % respectively. Average of DNA fragment (5 fragments) generated from primer UBC-122 in the group of fish resistant to V.parahaemolyticus and tolerant to low salinities was similar to group of susceptible to low salinities. Primer YNZ-22 generated more diverse of DNA fragments (8,0 and 5,8 fragments) both in the group of fish tolerant and susceptible to low salinities compared to primer UBC-122 (5,0 fragments). Size of DNA 1.5 kb resulted from primer YNZ-22. Primer YNZ-22 generated 4 (50 %) and 3 (42,8 %) polymorfic fragments in the group of fish tolerant and susceptible to low salinities, respectively. Four (4) monomorfic fragments were found both in the group of fish tolerant and susceptible to low salinities. Primer UBC-122 generated 6 (85,7 %) and 9 (90,0 %) polymorfic fragments in the fish tolerant and susceptible to low salinities, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20diversity" title="genetic diversity">genetic diversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epinephelus%20fuscoguttatus" title=" epinephelus fuscoguttatus"> epinephelus fuscoguttatus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20parahaemolyticus" title=" V. parahaemolyticus"> V. parahaemolyticus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PCR-RAPD" title=" PCR-RAPD"> PCR-RAPD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20extreme%20salinity" title=" low extreme salinity"> low extreme salinity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13948/genetic-diversity-of-tiger-groupers-epinephelus-fuscoguttatus-challenged-with-vibrio-parahaemolyticus-and-exposed-to-extreme-low-salinities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13948.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Performance Analysis of Ferrocement Retrofitted Masonry Wall Units under Cyclic Loading</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raquib%20Ahsan">Raquib Ahsan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Mahir%20Asif"> Md. Mahir Asif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Zahidul%20Alam"> Md. Zahidul Alam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A huge portion of old masonry buildings in Bangladesh are vulnerable to earthquake. In most of the cases these buildings contain unreinforced masonry wall which are most likely to be subjected to earthquake damages. Due to deterioration of mortar joint and aging, shear resistance of these unreinforced masonry walls dwindle. So, retrofitting of these old buildings has become an important issue. Among many researched and experimented techniques, ferrocement retrofitting can be a low cost technique in context of the economic condition of Bangladesh. This study aims at investigating the behavior of ferrocement retrofitted unconfined URM walls under different types of cyclic loading. Four 725 mm × 725 mm masonry wall units were prepared with bricks jointed by stretcher bond with 12.5 mm mortar between two adjacent layers of bricks. To compare the effectiveness of ferrocement retrofitting a particular type wire mesh was used in this experiment which is 20 gauge woven wire mesh with 12.5 mm × 12.5 mm square opening. After retrofitting with ferrocement these wall units were tested by applying cyclic deformation along the diagonals of the specimens. Then a comparative study was performed between the retrofitted specimens and control specimens for both partially reversed cyclic load condition and cyclic compression load condition. The experiment results show that ultimate load carrying capacities of ferrocement retrofitted specimens are 35% and 27% greater than the control specimen under partially reversed cyclic loading and cyclic compression respectively. And before failure the deformations of ferrocement retrofitted specimens are 43% and 33% greater than the control specimen under reversed cyclic loading and cyclic compression respectively. Therefore, the test results show that the ultimate load carrying capacity and ductility of ferrocement retrofitted specimens have improved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclic%20compression" title="cyclic compression">cyclic compression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclic%20loading" title=" cyclic loading"> cyclic loading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferrocement" title=" ferrocement"> ferrocement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=masonry%20wall" title=" masonry wall"> masonry wall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partially%20reversed%20cyclic%20load" title=" partially reversed cyclic load"> partially reversed cyclic load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retrofitting" title=" retrofitting"> retrofitting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81308/performance-analysis-of-ferrocement-retrofitted-masonry-wall-units-under-cyclic-loading" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81308.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Synthesis, Characterization and Rheological Properties of Boronoxide, Polymer Nanocomposites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehmet%20Do%C4%9Fan">Mehmet Doğan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahir%20Alkan"> Mahir Alkan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasemin%20Turhan"> Yasemin Turhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z%C3%BCrriye%20G%C3%BCnd%C3%BCz"> Zürriye Gündüz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pinar%20Beyli"> Pinar Beyli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Serap%20Do%C4%9Fan"> Serap Doğan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Advances and new discoveries in the field of the material science on the basis of technological developments have played an important role. Today, material science is branched the lower branches such as metals, nonmetals, chemicals, polymers. The polymeric nano composites have found a wide application field as one of the most important among these groups. Many polymers used in the different fields of the industry have been desired to improve the thermal stability. One of the ways to improve this property of the polymers is to form the nano composite products of them using different fillers. There are many using area of boron compounds and is increasing day by day. In order to the further increasing of the variety of using area of boron compounds and industrial importance, it is necessary to synthesis of nano-products and to find yourself new application areas of these products. In this study, PMMA/boronoxide nano composites were synthesized using solution intercalation, polymerization and melting methods; and PAA/boronoxide nano composites using solution intercalation method. Furthermore, rheological properties of nano composites synthesed according to melting method were also studied. Nano composites were characterized by XRD, FTIR-ATR, DTA/TG, BET, SEM, and TEM instruments. The effects of filler material amount, solvent types and mediating reagent on the thermal stability of polymers were investigated. In addition, the rheological properties of PMMA/boronoxide nano composites synthesized by melting method were investigated using High Pressure Capillary Rheometer. XRD analysis showed that boronoxide was dispersed in polymer matrix; FTIR-ATR that there were interactions with boronoxide between PAA and PMMA; and TEM that boronoxide particles had spherical structure, and dispersed in nano sized dimension in polymer matrix; the thermal stability of polymers was increased with the adding of boronoxide in polymer matrix; the decomposition mechanism of PAA was changed. From rheological measurements, it was found that PMMA and PMMA/boronoxide nano composites exhibited non-Newtonian, pseudo-plastic, shear thinning behavior under all experimental conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boronoxide" title="boronoxide">boronoxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer" title=" polymer"> polymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocomposite" title=" nanocomposite"> nanocomposite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rheology" title=" rheology"> rheology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characterization" title=" characterization"> characterization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21154/synthesis-characterization-and-rheological-properties-of-boronoxide-polymer-nanocomposites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21154.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">433</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); 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