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</label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ardian (company)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ardian_(Beteiligungsgesellschaft)" title="Ardian (Beteiligungsgesellschaft) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ardian (Beteiligungsgesellschaft)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ardian" title="Ardian – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ardian" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86_(%D8%B4%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA)" title="اردیان (شرکت) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اردیان (شرکت)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>reads like <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#PROMO" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">a press release</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#NEWS" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">a news article</a></b> and may be <b>largely based on <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_(events)#Routine_coverage" title="Wikipedia:Notability (events)">routine coverage</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ardian_(company)&action=edit">improve this article</a> and add <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Independent_sources" title="Wikipedia:Independent sources">independent sources</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 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Please discuss further on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Ardian_(company)" title="Talk:Ardian (company)">talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Ardian</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ardian_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Ardian_Logo.svg/200px-Ardian_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Ardian_Logo.svg/300px-Ardian_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Ardian_Logo.svg/400px-Ardian_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="147" data-file-height="22" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:20_place_Vend%C3%B4me.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/20_place_Vend%C3%B4me.jpg/220px-20_place_Vend%C3%B4me.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/20_place_Vend%C3%B4me.jpg/330px-20_place_Vend%C3%B4me.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/20_place_Vend%C3%B4me.jpg/440px-20_place_Vend%C3%B4me.jpg 2x" data-file-width="837" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Headquarters at 20 <a href="/wiki/Place_Vend%C3%B4me" title="Place Vendôme">Place Vendôme</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Privately_held_company" title="Privately held company">Private</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category">Private equity</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data">Axa Private Equity</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1996<span class="noprint">; 28 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1996</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Dominique_Senequier" title="Dominique Senequier">Dominique Senequier</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="ib-company-locality locality">Paris</div>, <div class="ib-company-country country-name">France</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Europe, North America, Asia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data">Funds of funds, direct funds, private debt and infrastructure, real estate, mandates</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data">US$156 billion (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1000+</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ardian.com">www.ardian.com</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Ardian</b> (formerly <b>Axa Private Equity</b>) is a France-based, independent <a href="/wiki/Private_equity" title="Private equity">private equity</a> investment company, founded and managed by <a href="/wiki/Dominique_Senequier" title="Dominique Senequier">Dominique Senequier</a>. It is one of the largest European-headquartered private equity funds.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company was originally set up by Dominique Senequier in 1996 as the AXA Group's private equity division, but later gained independence in 2013, and rebranded itself as Ardian.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name Ardian (ar・di・an) was inspired by an ancient European language in which 'hardjan' mean strength, durability, and boldness.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ardian manages assets worth US$150 billion in Europe, North America and Asia,<sup id="cite_ref-altassets.net2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-altassets.net2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has fifteen offices (Paris, London, Frankfurt, Milan, Madrid, Zurich, New York, San Francisco, Beijing, Singapore, Tokyo, Jersey, Luxembourg, Santiago, and Seoul).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The firm offers a funds of funds, direct funds, infrastructure, private debt and real estate,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and manages a direct portfolio of more than 150 companies. Its fund of funds segments owns stakes in over 1500 funds. Ardian's 880 investors include institutional investors, funds of funds, <a href="/wiki/Government_agencies" class="mw-redirect" title="Government agencies">government agencies</a>, sovereign funds, family offices, <a href="/wiki/Pension_funds" class="mw-redirect" title="Pension funds">pension funds</a> and <a href="/wiki/Insurance_companies" class="mw-redirect" title="Insurance companies">insurance companies</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The firm has been ranked one of the largest companies by amount raised in equity by Private Equity International,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was named "Company of the Year" 2013 by the readers of Private Equity International.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ardian_(company)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Originally part of <a href="/wiki/Axa_Investment_Managers" title="Axa Investment Managers">Axa Investment Managers</a>, the investment arm of <a href="/wiki/Axa" title="Axa">Axa</a>, the company operated under the name AXA Private Equity until 2013, when the firm achieved independent status and was renamed to Ardian.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1996, <a href="/wiki/Claude_B%C3%A9b%C3%A9ar" title="Claude Bébéar">Claude Bébéar</a>, founder and former Axa CEO, tasked Dominique Senequier with the creation of a <a href="/wiki/Private_equity" title="Private equity">private equity</a> entity at Axa. Based in Paris, Axa Private Equity started off with ten clients and €100 million worth of assets.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first investment took place in 1998 in the GSI Banque company Linedata.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1999, the company opened offices in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a>. That same year, it launched its funds of funds investment strategy.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2001, it entered the German market by opening an office in <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2005, it opened an office in Singapore and entered the Asian market.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The same year, it launched its Infrastructure investment strategy. </p><p>As a result of the 2007 <a href="/wiki/Financial_crisis" title="Financial crisis">financial crisis</a>, the company postponed all new operations and instead focused on the management of its portfolio, in an effort to shield its companies from the effects of the <a href="/wiki/Crisis" title="Crisis">crisis</a>. </p><p>In 2008, Dominique Senequier insisted on distributing a higher percentage of the company's capital gains to the employees of the companies in Ardian's portfolio.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2009, Ardian acquired 100% of Kallista, a French company specialized in the production of <a href="/wiki/Renewable_energies" class="mw-redirect" title="Renewable energies">renewable energies</a>. Ardian then invested heavily in <a href="/wiki/Transport" title="Transport">transports</a>, energy, <a href="/wiki/Water_supply" title="Water supply">water supply</a> and <a href="/wiki/Waste_management" title="Waste management">waste management</a>. €2.5 billion were invested in infrastructure systems between 2005 and 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The same year it adopted the Principles for Responsible Investment (<a href="/wiki/Principles_for_Responsible_Investment" title="Principles for Responsible Investment">PRI</a>) implemented by the UNPRI and published its CSR Charter.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2010, during the increased activity in the <a href="/wiki/Private_equity_secondary_market" class="mw-redirect" title="Private equity secondary market">private equity secondary market</a>, it acquired a US$1.9 billion private equity portfolio from <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_America" title="Bank of America">Bank of America</a><sup id="cite_ref-dealbook.nytimes.com_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dealbook.nytimes.com-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a US$900 million portfolio from <a href="/wiki/Natixis" class="mw-redirect" title="Natixis">Natixis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012, the company opened an office in Beijing to invest in the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_market" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese market">Chinese market</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When Axa Private Equity was put up for sale in 2011, Senequier led a management buyout to acquire it from the parent company Axa. Axa retained a 23 percent stake, while Senequier, Gombault, Gaillard and the French luxury group Hermès all bought stakes of about 10 percent. The business was renamed Ardian, from the old world hardjan, meaning durability and strength.<sup id="cite_ref-SRC1_Ardian_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SRC1_Ardian-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, Axa Private Equity announced that it had completed its spin-off from the Axa Group and finished the renaiming of the firm to Ardian. Per the terms of the deal, Axa Group retained ownership of 23% of the firm, management and employees owned 46%, and the remaining 31% was held by French family offices and institutions. In 2013, 85% of employees were <a href="/wiki/Shareholders" class="mw-redirect" title="Shareholders">shareholders</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, <a href="/wiki/Private_Equity_International" title="Private Equity International">Private Equity International</a> ranked Ardian in the largest private equity firms by PE capital raised<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and named it Company of the Year 2013 in France.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015, the firm opened an office in Madrid, Spain.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 7 September 2015, it announced the launch of Ardian Real Estate, dedicated to investment in non-residential properties in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 7 October 2015, it opened an office in San Francisco, USA,<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2016, Ardian celebrated the company's 20th anniversary with a major expansion plan, targeting North America for their next phase of growth. In the following three years, they launched North American Buyout and Infrastructure funds, expanded in Asia with offices in Tokyo and Seoul, and opened their first South American office in Santiago.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2017, Ardian opened an office in Tokyo, Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2020, Ardian bought PRGX. In 2020, founding investor Gombault left the company.<sup id="cite_ref-SRC1_Ardian_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SRC1_Ardian-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2022 Ardian bought Míla, Iceland’s largest telecom infrastructure company.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2023 Ardian opened office in Abu Dhabi, UAE, giving it 16 country offices worldwide. In 2023, Ardian's 1050 staff were responsible for $150bn of assets, confirming its place among an elite global group of private investment houses.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2023, the company acquired a 15% stake in <a href="/wiki/Heathrow_Airport_Holdings" title="Heathrow Airport Holdings">Heathrow Airport Holdings</a> from <a href="/wiki/Ferrovial" title="Ferrovial">Ferrovial</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 2024, it was announced Ardian had completed the acquisition of <a href="/wiki/Digital_9_Infrastructure" title="Digital 9 Infrastructure">Digital 9 Infrastructure</a>'s entire stake in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">UK</a>-based data centre platform, <a href="/wiki/Verne_Global" title="Verne Global">Verne Global</a> in a deal worth up to £450 million.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Activities">Activities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ardian_(company)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Activities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The company operates on five business segments:<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Funds of funds, which manages approximately $69 billion of assets<sup id="cite_ref-Ardian_website_:_Key_figures_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ardian_website_:_Key_figures-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> focusing on primary, early secondary and secondary Funds of Funds.</li> <li>Direct funds, which manages approximately $28 billion.</li> <li>Infrastructure, which manages approximately $21 billion.</li> <li>Private debt, which manages approximately $10 billion.</li> <li>Real estate, launched September 2015, manages approximately $2 billion.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance_and_management">Governance and management</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ardian_(company)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Governance and management"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ardian was founded and is managed by Dominique Senequier, who was one of the first seven women admitted to the French <a href="/wiki/Ecole_Polytechnique" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecole Polytechnique">Ecole Polytechnique</a> in France in 1972.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Key_figures">Key figures</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ardian_(company)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Key figures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>$130 billion of assets (managed or advised)<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>150+ companies in the direct funds portfolio</li> <li>1 330+ investors</li> <li>850 employees (2022)</li> <li>16 offices (Northern America, South America, Europe and Asia)</li> <li>$15 billion raised in 2021</li> <li>85% of the employees are shareholders and hold, together, 52% of the company's capital</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ardian_(company)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frulact" title="Frulact">Frulact</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ardian_(company)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-axa-idUSBRE98T0R420130930">"Axa spins off private equity arm as "Ardian"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Reuters. 30 September 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Axa+spins+off+private+equity+arm+as+%22Ardian%22&rft.date=2013-09-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-axa-idUSBRE98T0R420130930&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArdian+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://strategist.global/en/entreprises/ardian/">"Ardian"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ardian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstrategist.global%2Fen%2Fentreprises%2Fardian%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArdian+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ardian.com/house">"The House"</a>. <i>www.ardian.com</i>. 1 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=s2hgroup.com&rft.atitle=Ardian+and+Edmond+de+Rothschild+enter+exclusive+negotiations+to+sell+the+SIACI+SAINT+HONORE+group+to+its+management%2C+with+the+support+of+charterhouse&rft.date=2018-06-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.s2hgroup.com%2Fen%2Fespace-media-en%2F2014-08-27-13-26-09%2Fardian-and-edmond-de-rothschild-enter-exclusive-negotiations-to-sell-the-siaci-saint-honore-group-to-its-management-with-the-support-of-charterhouse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArdian+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ardian.com/contacts-offices">"Contacts & Offices"</a>. <i>www.ardian.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.privateequityinternational.com/uploadedFiles/Private_Equity_International/PEI/Non-Pagebuilder/Aliased/News_And_Analysis/2014/March/Magazine/PEI_123_AnnualReview_digi.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 6 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Private+Equity+International+Annual+Review&rft.pages=64&rft.date=2013&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.privateequityinternational.com%2FuploadedFiles%2FPrivate_Equity_International%2FPEI%2FNon-Pagebuilder%2FAliased%2FNews_And_Analysis%2F2014%2FMarch%2FMagazine%2FPEI_123_AnnualReview_digi.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArdian+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.secondariesinvestor.com/ardian-opens-madrid-office/">"Ardian Opens Madrid Office"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ardian+Opens+Madrid+Office&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.secondariesinvestor.com%2Fardian-opens-madrid-office%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArdian+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.altassets.net/private-equity-news/by-news-type/people-news/ardian-launches-real-estate-activity-hires-bertrand-julien-laferriere.html">"Ardiab Launches Real Estate Activity"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ardiab+Launches+Real+Estate+Activity&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.altassets.net%2Fprivate-equity-news%2Fby-news-type%2Fpeople-news%2Fardian-launches-real-estate-activity-hires-bertrand-julien-laferriere.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArdian+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.privateequityinternational.com/news/north-america/2015-10-07/ardian-opens-san-francisco-office/">"Ardian opens San Francisco office – Private Equity International"</a>. <i>www.privateequityinternational.com</i>. 7 October 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Ferrovial+sells+its+25%25+stake+in+Heathrow+for+%C2%A32.4bn&rft.date=2023-11-29&rft.issn=0140-0460&rft.aulast=Strydom&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fferrovial-sells-its-25-percent-stake-in-heathrow-for-24bn-xfg29587w&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArdian+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSebastian2024" class="citation web cs1">Sebastian (22 March 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fashionunited.uk/news/business/style-capital-acquires-majority-stake-in-sneaker-brand-autry/2024031174540">"Ardian acquires data centre platform Verne in £450m deal"</a>. <i>Private Equity Insights</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Private+Equity+Insights&rft.atitle=Ardian+acquires+data+centre+platform+Verne+in+%C2%A3450m+deal&rft.date=2024-03-22&rft.au=Sebastian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffashionunited.uk%2Fnews%2Fbusiness%2Fstyle-capital-acquires-majority-stake-in-sneaker-brand-autry%2F2024031174540&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArdian+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ardian-investment.com/catalogues/2014/en/index.htm">"Ardian - Activity Report 2014"</a>. <i>www.ardian-investment.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ardian-investment.com&rft.atitle=Ardian+-+Activity+Report+2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ardian-investment.com%2Fcatalogues%2F2014%2Fen%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArdian+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ardian_website_:_Key_figures-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ardian_website_:_Key_figures_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ardian.com/house">"The House"</a>. <i>Ardian</i>. 1 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ardian&rft.atitle=The+House&rft.date=2023-03-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ardian.com%2Fhouse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArdian+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/6b56fcda-28db-11e3-8d19-00144feab7de.html#axzz3FkWbb7qe">"Axa's private equity powerhouse"</a>. <i>Financial Times</i>. 29 September 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=Axa%27s+private+equity+powerhouse&rft.date=2013-09-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fintl%2Fcms%2Fs%2F0%2F6b56fcda-28db-11e3-8d19-00144feab7de.html%23axzz3FkWbb7qe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArdian+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ardian-investment.com/en/key-figures">"Key figures"</a>. Ardian. March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Key+figures&rft.pub=Ardian&rft.date=2023-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ardian-investment.com%2Fen%2Fkey-figures&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArdian+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="External_links">External links</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ardian_(company)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-private-equity-ardian-idUSBRE99M06E20131023">Private equity firm Ardian seals $4.3 billion in secondary deals <i>Reuters</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efinancialnews.com/story/2013-10-10/ardian-flexitallic-debt-fund">Ardian's first 10 days <i>Financial News</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pehub.com/2013/09/30/axa-private-equity-completes-spin-out-now-renamed-ardian/">Axa Private Equity completes spin-out, now renamed Ardian <i>peHub</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efinancialnews.com/story/2013-10-03/private-equity-axa-mid-market-fundraising?ea9c8a2de0ee111045601ab04d673622">Axa spin-out Ardian raises €2.8 billion <i>Financial News</i></a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/AXA_Logo.svg/140px-AXA_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/AXA_Logo.svg/210px-AXA_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/AXA_Logo.svg/280px-AXA_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable<br />executives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Duverne" title="Denis Duverne">Denis Duverne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Buberl" title="Thomas Buberl">Thomas Buberl</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amanda_Blanc" title="Amanda Blanc">Amanda Blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Brydon" title="Donald Brydon">Donald Brydon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominique_Senequier" title="Dominique Senequier">Dominique Senequier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Castries" title="Henri de Castries">Henri de Castries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_Donnet" title="Philippe Donnet">Philippe Donnet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Axa_Investment_Managers" title="Axa Investment Managers">Axa Investment Managers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axa_XL" title="Axa XL">Axa XL</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ardian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axa_Bank_Belgium" title="Axa Bank Belgium">Axa Bank Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equitable_Holdings" title="Equitable Holdings">Equitable Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SunLife" title="SunLife">SunLife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alleanza_Securitas_Esperia" title="Alleanza Securitas Esperia">Alleanza Securitas Esperia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axa_PPP_International" class="mw-redirect" title="Axa PPP International">Axa PPP International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guardian_Royal_Exchange_Assurance" title="Guardian Royal Exchange Assurance">Guardian Royal Exchange Assurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Life_%26_Provincial_Holdings" title="Sun Life & Provincial Holdings">Sun Life & Provincial Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winterthur_Group" title="Winterthur Group">Winterthur Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutual_Life_Insurance_Company_of_New_York" title="Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York">Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Axa_Equitable_Center" title="Axa Equitable Center">Axa Equitable Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AXA_Tower" title="AXA Tower">AXA Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axa_Towers" title="Axa Towers">Axa Towers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torre_Axa_M%C3%A9xico" title="Torre Axa México">Torre Axa México</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_First" title="Tour First">Tour First</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Largest_private_equity_investment_firms" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Largest_private_equity_firms" title="Template:Largest private equity firms"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Largest_private_equity_firms" title="Template talk:Largest private equity firms"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Largest_private_equity_firms" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Largest private equity firms"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Largest_private_equity_investment_firms" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_private_equity_firms" title="List of private equity firms">Largest private equity investment firms</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advent_International" title="Advent International">Advent International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Global_Management" title="Apollo Global Management">Apollo Global Management</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ardian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bain_Capital" title="Bain Capital">Bain Capital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackstone_Inc." title="Blackstone Inc.">Blackstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Carlyle_Group" title="The Carlyle Group">Carlyle Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clearlake_Capital" title="Clearlake Capital">Clearlake Capital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CVC_Capital_Partners" title="CVC Capital Partners">CVC Capital Partners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EQT_AB" title="EQT AB">EQT AB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Atlantic" title="General Atlantic">General Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HarbourVest_Partners" title="HarbourVest Partners">HarbourVest Partners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellman_%26_Friedman" title="Hellman & Friedman">Hellman & Friedman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hg_(equity_firm)" title="Hg (equity firm)">Hg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insight_Partners" title="Insight Partners">Insight Partners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kohlberg_Kravis_Roberts" title="Kohlberg Kravis Roberts">KKR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Green_%26_Partners" title="Leonard Green & Partners">Leonard Green & Partners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lone_Star_Funds" title="Lone Star Funds">Lone Star Funds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuberger_Berman" title="Neuberger Berman">Neuberger Berman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partners_Group" title="Partners Group">Partners Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permira" title="Permira">Permira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_Lake_(investment_firm)" title="Silver Lake (investment firm)">Silver Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thoma_Bravo" title="Thoma Bravo">Thoma Bravo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TPG_Inc." title="TPG Inc.">TPG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warburg_Pincus" title="Warburg Pincus">Warburg Pincus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vista_Equity_Partners" title="Vista Equity Partners">Vista Equity Partners</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><small><i>Methodology: <a href="/wiki/Assets_under_management" title="Assets under management">AUM</a> over US$70 billion</i></small> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Private_equity" title="Private equity">Private equity</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span><a href="/wiki/Category:Private_equity_firms" title="Category:Private equity firms">Private equity firms</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span><a href="/wiki/Category:Venture_capital_firms" title="Category:Venture capital firms">Venture capital firms</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span><a href="/wiki/Category:Private_equity_portfolio_companies" title="Category:Private equity portfolio companies">Portfolio companies</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Private_equity_and_venture_capital" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Private_equity_and_venture_capital" title="Template:Private equity and venture capital"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Private_equity_and_venture_capital" title="Template talk:Private equity and venture capital"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Private_equity_and_venture_capital" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Private equity and venture capital"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Private_equity_and_venture_capital" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Private_equity" title="Private equity">Private equity</a> and <a href="/wiki/Venture_capital" title="Venture capital">venture capital</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Investment types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buyout" title="Buyout">Buyout</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leveraged_buyout" title="Leveraged buyout">Leveraged</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venture_capital" title="Venture capital">Venture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mezzanine_capital" title="Mezzanine capital">Mezzanine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Growth_capital" title="Growth capital">Growth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_equity_secondary_market" class="mw-redirect" title="Private equity secondary market">Secondaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equity_co-investment" title="Equity co-investment">Equity co-investment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_private_equity_and_venture_capital" title="History of private equity and venture capital">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_history_of_private_equity" title="Early history of private equity">Early history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_equity_in_the_1980s" title="Private equity in the 1980s">1980s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_equity_in_the_1990s" title="Private equity in the 1990s">1990s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_equity_in_the_2000s" title="Private equity in the 2000s">2000s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_equity_in_the_2010s" title="Private equity in the 2010s">2010s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_equity_in_the_2020s" title="Private equity in the 2020s">2020s</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terms and <br />concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Leveraged_buyout" title="Leveraged buyout">Buyout</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Financial_sponsor" title="Financial sponsor">Financial sponsor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Management_buyout" title="Management buyout">Management buyout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divisional_buyout" title="Divisional buyout">Divisional buyout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buy%E2%80%93sell_agreement" title="Buy–sell agreement">Buy–sell agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leveraged_recapitalization" title="Leveraged recapitalization">Leveraged recapitalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dividend_recapitalization" title="Dividend recapitalization">Dividend recapitalization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Venture_capital" title="Venture capital">Venture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angel_investor" title="Angel investor">Angel investor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_incubator" title="Business incubator">Business incubator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-money_valuation" title="Post-money valuation">Post-money valuation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-money_valuation" title="Pre-money valuation">Pre-money valuation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_agreement_for_future_equity" title="Simple agreement for future equity">SAFE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seed_money" title="Seed money">Seed money</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Startup_company" title="Startup company">Startup company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venture_capital_financing" class="mw-redirect" title="Venture capital financing">Venture capital financing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venture_debt" title="Venture debt">Venture debt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venture_round" title="Venture round">Venture round</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Structure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Private_equity_firm" title="Private equity firm">Private equity firms</a> and <a href="/wiki/Private_equity_fund" title="Private equity fund">funds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limited_partnership" title="Limited partnership">Limited partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limited_liability_company" title="Limited liability company">Limited liability company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carried_interest" title="Carried interest">Carried interest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Management_fee" title="Management fee">Management fee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pledge_fund" title="Pledge fund">Pledge fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Publicly_traded_private_equity" title="Publicly traded private equity">Publicly traded private equity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Business_Development_Company" title="Business Development Company">Business Development Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venture_capital_trust" title="Venture capital trust">Venture capital trust</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_investment_in_public_equity" title="Private investment in public equity">Private investment in public equity (PIPE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special-purpose_acquisition_company" title="Special-purpose acquisition company">SPAC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Investors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corporate_venture_capital" title="Corporate venture capital">Corporations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institutional_investor" title="Institutional investor">Institutional investors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pension_fund" title="Pension fund">Pension funds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurance#Insurance_companies" title="Insurance">Insurance companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fund_of_funds" title="Fund of funds">Fund of funds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_endowment" title="Financial endowment">Endowments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_foundation" title="Private foundation">Foundations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investment_banking" title="Investment banking">Investment banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merchant_bank" title="Merchant bank">Merchant banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_bank" title="Commercial bank">Commercial banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-net-worth_individual" title="High-net-worth individual">High-net-worth individuals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_office" title="Family office">Family offices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_wealth_fund" title="Sovereign wealth fund">Sovereign wealth funds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crowdfunding" title="Crowdfunding">Crowdfunding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related <br />financial terms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assets_under_management" title="Assets under management">AUM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitalization_table" title="Capitalization table">Cap table</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_call" title="Capital call">Capital call</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_commitment" title="Capital commitment">Capital commitment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_structure" title="Capital structure">Capital structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distribution_waterfall" title="Distribution waterfall">Distribution waterfall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest,_taxes,_depreciation_and_amortization" title="Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization">EBITDA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Envy_ratio" title="Envy ratio">Envy ratio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-yield_debt" title="High-yield debt">High-yield debt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Initial_public_offering" title="Initial public offering">IPO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_rate_of_return" title="Internal rate of return">IRR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leverage_(finance)" title="Leverage (finance)">Leverage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquidation_preference" title="Liquidation preference">Liquidation preference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mergers_and_acquisitions" title="Mergers and acquisitions">M&A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Market_Equivalent" title="Public Market Equivalent">PME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_of_private_equity_and_hedge_funds" title="Taxation of private equity and hedge funds">Taxation of private equity and hedge funds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Undercapitalization" title="Undercapitalization">Undercapitalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vintage_year" title="Vintage year">Vintage year</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span><a href="/wiki/Category:Private_equity_and_venture_capital_investors" title="Category:Private equity and venture capital investors">Private equity and venture capital investors</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Private_equity_firms" title="Category:Private equity firms">Private equity firms</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_private_equity_firms" title="List of private equity firms">List of private equity firms</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span><a href="/wiki/Category:Venture_capital_firms" title="Category:Venture capital firms">Venture capital firms</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_venture_capital_firms" title="List of venture capital firms">List of venture capital firms</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span><a href="/wiki/Category:Angel_investors" title="Category:Angel investors">Angel investors</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span 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