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Julian Schwinger - Vikipedio

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Havebla en 69 lingvo" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-69" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">69 lingvoj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B4%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1" title="جوليان شفينجر — araba" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جوليان شفينجر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="araba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B4%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1" title="جوليان شفينجر — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جوليان شفينجر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B4%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B1" title="جولیان شوینگر — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جولیان شوینگر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BD_%D0%A8%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Джуліян Швінгер — belorusa" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Джуліян Швінгер" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belorusa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%8A%D1%80" title="Джулиан Швингър — bulgara" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Джулиан Швингър" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%99%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="জুলিয়ান শুইঙার — bengala" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জুলিয়ান শুইঙার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — kataluna" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataluna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — ĉeĥa" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ĉeĥa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — dana" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Seymour_Schwinger" title="Julian Seymour Schwinger — germana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Julian Seymour Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BD_%CE%A3%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%81" title="Τζούλιαν Σουίνγκερ — greka" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τζούλιαν Σουίνγκερ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — angla" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — hispana" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — estona" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — eŭska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="eŭska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B4%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B1" title="جولیان شوینگر — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جولیان شوینگر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — finna" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — franca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — irlanda" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — galega" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galega" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B2%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%A8_%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%87%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%97%E0%AA%B0" title="જુલિયન શ્વાઇન્ગર — guĝarata" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="જુલિયન શ્વાઇન્ગર" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="guĝarata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9F_%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%A8" title="ג&#039;וליאן שווינגר — hebrea" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג&#039;וליאן שווינגר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0" title="जुलियन श्विंगर — hinda" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जुलियन श्विंगर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hinda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Seymour_Schwinger" title="Julian Seymour Schwinger — kroata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Julian Seymour Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — haitia kreola" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitia kreola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — hungara" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%85%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%87%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A3%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Յուլիան Շվինգեր — armena" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Յուլիան Շվինգեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armena" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Seymour_Schwinger" title="Julian Seymour Schwinger — indonezia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Julian Seymour Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — itala" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A5%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AC%E3%83%BC" title="ジュリアン・シュウィンガー — japana" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジュリアン・シュウィンガー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Джулиан Швингер — kazaĥa" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Джулиан Швингер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaĥa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A4%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%96%B8_%EC%8A%88%EC%9C%99%EA%B1%B0" title="줄리언 슈윙거 — korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="줄리언 슈윙거" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — kurda" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iulianus_Schwinger" title="Iulianus Schwinger — latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Iulianus Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEulians_%C5%A0vingers" title="Džulians Švingers — latva" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Džulians Švingers" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Џулијан Швингер — makedona" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Џулијан Швингер" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0" title="ज्युलियन श्विंगर — marata" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ज्युलियन श्विंगर" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — malaja" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B4%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B1" title="جولیان شوینگر — mazandarana" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="جولیان شوینگر" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0" title="जुलियन श्विंगर — nevara" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="जुलियन श्विंगर" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="nevara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — nederlanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — novnorvega" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="novnorvega" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Seymour_Schwinger" title="Julian Seymour Schwinger — dannorvega" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Julian Seymour Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="dannorvega" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — okcitana" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — pola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="pola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B1" title="جولین شونگر — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جولین شونگر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — portugala" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — rumana" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Швингер, Джулиан — rusa" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Швингер, Джулиан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0" title="जुलियन श्विंगर — sanskrito" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="जुलियन श्विंगर" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrito" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — slovaka" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Seymour_Schwinger" title="Julian Seymour Schwinger — slovena" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Julian Seymour Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovena" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Џулијан Швингер — serba" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Џулијан Швингер" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — sveda" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sveda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — svahila" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahila" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — turka" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%96%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D2%A3%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Җулиан Швиңер — tatara" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Җулиан Швиңер" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A8%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Джуліан Швінгер — ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джуліан Швінгер" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B1" title="جولیان سکونگر — urduo" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جولیان سکونگر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urduo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — uzbeka" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — vjetnama" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vjetnama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%88%A9%E5%AE%89%C2%B7%E6%96%BD%E6%B8%A9%E6%A0%BC" title="朱利安·施温格 — vua" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="朱利安·施温格" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="vua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ჯულიან შვინგერი — Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჯულიან შვინგერი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — joruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="joruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%88%A9%E5%AE%89%C2%B7%E6%96%BD%E6%B8%A9%E6%A0%BC" title="朱利安·施温格 — ĉina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="朱利安·施温格" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ĉina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger — Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Julian Schwinger" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q186465#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redakti interlingvajn ligilojn" class="wbc-editpage">Redakti ligilojn</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nomspacoj"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Iloj</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">movigi al flanka panelo</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">kaŝi</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Pliaj opcioj" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Agoj </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Julian_Schwinger"><span>Legi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julian_Schwinger&amp;veaction=edit" title="Redakti ĉi tiun paĝon [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redakti</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julian_Schwinger&amp;action=edit" title="Redakti fontan kodon de tiu ĉi paĝo [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redakti fonton</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julian_Schwinger&amp;action=history"><span>Vidi historion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ĝenerale </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Kio_ligas_%C4%89i_tien%3F/Julian_Schwinger" title="Listo de ĉiuj vikiaj paĝoj kiuj ligas ĉi tien [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Ligiloj ĉi tien</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Rilataj_%C5%9Dan%C4%9Doj/Julian_Schwinger" rel="nofollow" title="Lastaj ŝanĝoj en paĝoj kiuj ligas al ĉi tiu paĝo [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Rilataj ŝanĝoj</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=eo" title="Alŝuti dosierojn [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Alŝuti dosieron</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Specialaj_pa%C4%9Doj" title="Listo de ĉiuj specialaj paĝoj [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Specialaj paĝoj</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julian_Schwinger&amp;oldid=8257928" title="Porĉiama ligilo al ĉi versio de la paĝo"><span>Konstanta ligilo</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julian_Schwinger&amp;action=info" title="Pli da informo pri ĉi tiu paĝo"><span>Informoj pri la paĝo</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Citi&amp;page=Julian_Schwinger&amp;id=8257928&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informoj pri kiel citi ĉi tiun paĝon"><span>Citi ĉi tiun artikolon</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Feo.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJulian_Schwinger"><span>Akiri mallongigitan URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Feo.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJulian_Schwinger"><span>Elŝutu QR-kodon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Presi/elporti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Libro&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=Julian+Schwinger"><span>Krei libron</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=Julian_Schwinger&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>Elŝuti kiel PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julian_Schwinger&amp;printable=yes" title="Presebla versio de tiu ĉi paĝo [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Presebla versio</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> En aliaj projektoj </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Julian_Schwinger" hreflang="en"><span>Vikimedia Komunejo</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q186465" title="Ligilo al konektita datuma ero [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Ero en Vikidatumoj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paĝaj iloj"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspekto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspekto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">movigi al flanka panelo</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">kaŝi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">El Vikipedio, la libera enciklopedio</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eo" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox vcard" width="280" style="width:23em; &lt;--Bv ne ŝanĝi tiun ĉi larĝon, por ke estu la sama larĝeco ĉe ĉiuj ŝablonoj-informkesto, se aperas du ŝablonoj unu sub la alia. Dankon. !--&gt; font-size: 90%; -moz-box-shadow: 4px 4px 4px #CCC; -webkit-box-shadow: 4px 4px 4px #CCC; box-shadow: 4px 4px 4px #CCC;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="color: #000000; background-color:#bbbbbb; font-family:Monotype Corsiva, serif; font-size: 150%;" align="center" colspan="3" class="kaplinio fiziko"><span class="fn"><b>Julian Schwinger</b></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:lavender;" align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Nobel-premio" title="Nobel-premio">Nobel-premiito</a></b> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Alfred_Nobel_mirrored.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Alfred_Nobel_mirrored.png/20px-Alfred_Nobel_mirrored.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Alfred_Nobel_mirrored.png/30px-Alfred_Nobel_mirrored.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Alfred_Nobel_mirrored.png/40px-Alfred_Nobel_mirrored.png 2x" data-file-width="317" data-file-height="318" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" class="wikidata-content"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Schwinger.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Schwinger.jpg/200px-Schwinger.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Schwinger.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="center" style="background-color:#ddd" colspan="2">Persona informo </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; background-color:#bbbbbb; font-family:Monotype Corsiva, serif; color:#000000;" align="center" colspan="3" class="wikidata-content"><b><span lang="en">Julian Seymour Schwinger</span> </b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Naskiĝo</b> </td> <td class="wikidata-content"><a href="/wiki/12-a_de_februaro" title="12-a de februaro">12-an de februaro</a> <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a><span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday">1918-02-12</span>)</span><br />en&#32;<a href="/wiki/Novjorko" title="Novjorko">Nov-Jorko</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Morto</b> </td> <td class="wikidata-content"><a href="/wiki/16-a_de_julio" title="16-a de julio">16-an de julio</a> <a href="/wiki/1994" title="1994">1994</a><span style="display: none;"> (<span class="dday deathdate">1994-07-16</span>)</span>&#32;(76-jaraĝa)<br />en&#32;<a href="/wiki/Los-An%C4%9Deleso" title="Los-Anĝeleso">Los-Anĝeleso</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Mortis pro</b> </td> <td class="wikidata-content"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3739104" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3739104"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Naturaj kialoj</span></a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186465?uselang=eo#P1196" title="Redakti la valoron en Wikidata"><img alt="Redakti la valoron en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186465#P1196" class="extiw" title="d:Q186465">vd</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Mortis per</b> </td> <td class="wikidata-content"><a href="/wiki/Pankreata_karcinomo" title="Pankreata karcinomo">Pankreata kancero</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186465?uselang=eo#P509" title="Redakti la valoron en Wikidata"><img alt="Redakti la valoron en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186465#P509" class="extiw" title="d:Q186465">vd</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Tombo</b> </td> <td class="wikidata-content"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1950363" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1950363"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">tombejo Mount Auburn</span></a>, Willow Pond Knoll Ga-11000-54-1 <small> <sup><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="http://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Julian_Schwinger&amp;language=eo&amp;params=42.367429_N_71.14624_W_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Mapoj, elĉielaj bildoj kaj aliaj datumoj por 42°&#160;22′&#160;03″&#160;Nordo 71°&#160;08′&#160;46″&#160;Okcidento"><span class="latitude">42°&#160;22′&#160;03″&#160;Nordo</span> <span class="longitude">71°&#160;08′&#160;46″&#160;Okcidento</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Mapoj, elĉielaj bildoj kaj aliaj datumoj por 42.367429 -71.14624">42.367429 °N, 71.14624 °U</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">42.367429; -71.14624</span></span></span></a></span> <a class="mw-kartographer-maplink" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Map/15/42.367429/-71.14624/eo" data-zoom="15" data-lat="42.367429" data-lon="-71.14624" data-overlays="[&quot;_ea786a19a22776a69e98f64415938042ec1897f7&quot;]">(mapo)</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186465?uselang=eo#P119" title="Redakti la valoron en Wikidata"><img alt="Redakti la valoron en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></sup></small> <sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186465#P119" class="extiw" title="d:Q186465">vd</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Lingvo" title="Lingvo">Lingvoj</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Angla_lingvo" title="Angla lingvo">angla</a> <sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186465#P1412" class="extiw" title="d:Q186465">vd</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Ŝtataneco</b> </td> <td class="wikidata-content"><a href="/wiki/Usono" title="Usono">Usono</a> <small> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186465?uselang=eo#P27" title="Redakti la valoron en Wikidata"><img alt="Redakti la valoron en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></small> <sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186465#P27" class="extiw" title="d:Q186465">vd</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><b><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma&#160;mater</a></b> </td> <td class="wikidata-content"><a href="/wiki/Universitato_Kolumbio" title="Universitato Kolumbio">Universitato Kolumbio</a> <small>- <a href="/wiki/Doktoro_de_filozofio" title="Doktoro de filozofio">doktoro de filozofio</a> (&#8211;1939)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/Urba_Kolegio_de_Novjorko" title="Urba Kolegio de Novjorko">Urba Kolegio de Nov-Jorko</a> <small> </small><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7830177" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q7830177"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Townsend Harris High School</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7830177?uselang=eo" title="Traduki"><img alt="Traduki" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <small> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186465?uselang=eo#P69" title="Redakti la valoron en Wikidata"><img alt="Redakti la valoron en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></small> <sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186465#P169" class="extiw" title="d:Q186465">vd</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color:#DDDDDD;">Profesio </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Okupo</b> </td> <td class="wikidata-content"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1622272" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1622272"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">universitata instruisto</span></a> <small></small><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q19350898" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q19350898"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">teoria fizikisto</span></a> <small></small><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q16742096" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q16742096"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">nuklea fizikisto</span></a> <small></small><br /><a href="/wiki/Matematikisto" class="mw-redirect" title="Matematikisto">matematikisto</a> <small></small><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q15980158" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q15980158"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">verkisto de nefikcio</span></a> <small></small><br /><a href="/wiki/Fizikisto" title="Fizikisto">fizikisto</a> <small> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186465?uselang=eo#P106" title="Redakti la valoron en Wikidata"><img alt="Redakti la valoron en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></small> <sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186465#P106" class="extiw" title="d:Q186465">vd</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Laborkampo</b> </td> <td class="wikidata-content"><a href="/wiki/Kvantuma_elektrodinamiko" title="Kvantuma elektrodinamiko">Kvantuma elektrodinamiko</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186465?uselang=eo#P101" title="Redakti la valoron en Wikidata"><img alt="Redakti la valoron en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186465#P101" class="extiw" title="d:Q186465">vd</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Doktoreca konsilisto</b> </td> <td class="wikidata-content"><a href="/wiki/Isidor_Isaac_Rabi" title="Isidor Isaac Rabi">Isidor Isaac Rabi</a> <sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186465#P184" class="extiw" title="d:Q186465">vd</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color:#DDDDDD;">Verkado </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Verkoj</b> </td> <td>ekvacio de Rarita-Schwinger&#160;❦<br />Lippmann Schwinger equation&#160;❦<br />modelo de Schwinger&#160;❦<br />Schwinger boson&#160;❦<br />ekvacio de Schwinger-Dyson&#160;❦<br />Schwinger effect&#160;❦<br />Schwinger limit&#160;❦<br />Schwinger parametrization&#160;❦<br />Schwinger variational principle&#160;❦<br />KMS-stato&#160;❦<br />Schwinger's quantum action principle&#160;❦<br />funkcio de Schwinger <sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186465#P800" class="extiw" title="d:Q186465">vd</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:transparent;"><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; padding: 0.2em; text-align:left; font-size: 100%; font-weight: 400;"><table class="infobox collapsible collapsed" width="100%" style="padding:0;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:#e0e0e0;"> <div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;">&#160;</div>Honorigoj</th></tr> <tr> <th>Honorigoj </th> <td class="wikidata-content"><ul><li><small>(12-a de decembro 1989)</small> &#160;<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q26270762" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q26270762"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Honorary doctoral degree of the Pierre and Marie Curie University</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26270762?uselang=eo" title="Traduki"><img alt="Traduki" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></li><li><small>(1970)</small> &#160;<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1316544" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1316544"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Guggenheim-stipendio</span></a></li><li><small>(1965)</small> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/30px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/45px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/60px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></span></span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Nobel-premio_pri_fiziko" title="Nobel-premio pri fiziko">Nobel-premio pri fiziko</a></li><li><small>(1964)</small> &#160;<a href="/wiki/Nacia_Medalo_de_Scienco" title="Nacia Medalo de Scienco">Nacia Medalo de Scienco</a></li><li><small>(1960)</small> &#160;<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1522873" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1522873"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Josiah Willard Gibbs Lectureship</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1522873?uselang=eo" title="Traduki"><img alt="Traduki" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></li><li><small>(1951)</small> &#160;<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q577432" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q577432"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Albert Einstein Award</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577432?uselang=eo" title="Traduki"><img alt="Traduki" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></li><li> &#160;<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q41955909" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q41955909"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Fellow of the American Physical Society</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41955909?uselang=eo" title="Traduki"><img alt="Traduki" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></li><li> &#160;<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q873412" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q873412"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Premio Humboldt</span></a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186465?uselang=eo#P166" title="Redakti la valoron en Wikidata"><img alt="Redakti la valoron en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></li></ul> <sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186465#P166" class="extiw" title="d:Q186465">vd</a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table></th></tr> <tr style="background-color:transparent;"><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; padding: 0.2em; text-align:left; font-size: 100%; font-weight: 400;"><table class="infobox collapsible collapsed" width="100%" style="padding:0;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:#e0e0e0;"> <div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;">&#160;</div>Membrecoj</th></tr> <tr> <th>Membrecoj </th> <td class="wikidata-content"><a href="/wiki/Usona_Akademio_de_Artoj_kaj_Sciencoj" title="Usona Akademio de Artoj kaj Sciencoj">Usona Akademio de Artoj kaj Sciencoj</a> <small></small><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q466113" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q466113"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Usona Fizika Societo</span></a> <small></small><br /><a href="/wiki/Usona_Asocio_por_la_Altniveligo_de_Scienco" title="Usona Asocio por la Altniveligo de Scienco">Usona Asocio por la Altniveligo de Scienco</a> <small></small><br /><a href="/wiki/Usona_Nacia_Akademio_de_Sciencoj" title="Usona Nacia Akademio de Sciencoj">Usona Nacia Akademio de Sciencoj</a> <small> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186465?uselang=eo#P463" title="Redakti la valoron en Wikidata"><img alt="Redakti la valoron en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></small> <sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186465#P463" class="extiw" title="d:Q186465">vd</a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table></th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left; background-color:#eeeeee; color:#000000;"><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186465" class="extiw" title="d:Q186465">vd</a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:left; background-color:#eeeeee; color:#000000;"><b>Fonto: <a href="/wiki/Vikidatumoj" title="Vikidatumoj">Vikidatumoj</a></b> </td></tr> <tr><td class="shangu-shablonon infoboximage" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:0 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em"><div class="noprint toccolours" style="border:2px solid #a2a9b1;padding:5px;background-color:#bbbbbb;color:black;font-size:xx-small;font-weight:normal"><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186465" title="d:Q186465"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/15px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/23px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedio:Informkestoj" title="Vikipedio:Informkestoj"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/15px-Information_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/23px-Information_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/30px-Information_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><span class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Cablono:Informkesto_sciencisto" title="Ŝablono:Informkesto sciencisto">v</a> • <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Cablono-Diskuto:Informkesto_sciencisto" title="Ŝablono-Diskuto:Informkesto sciencisto">d</a> • <a class="external text" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Cablono%3AInformkesto_sciencisto&amp;action=edit">r</a></span></div></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Julian Seymour SCHWINGER</b> (<a href="/wiki/Novjorko" title="Novjorko">Nov-Jorko</a>, <a href="/wiki/12-an_de_februaro" class="mw-redirect" title="12-an de februaro">12-an de februaro</a> <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a> - <a href="/wiki/Los-An%C4%9Deleso" title="Los-Anĝeleso">Los-Anĝeleso</a>, <a href="/wiki/16-an_de_julio" class="mw-redirect" title="16-an de julio">16-an de julio</a> <a href="/wiki/1994" title="1994">1994</a>) estis <a href="/wiki/Usono" title="Usono">usona</a> <a href="/wiki/Teoria_fiziko" title="Teoria fiziko">teoria fizikisto</a>. Li gajnis la <a href="/wiki/Nobel-premio_pri_fiziko" title="Nobel-premio pri fiziko">Nobel-premion pri Fiziko</a> en <a href="/wiki/1965" title="1965">1965</a> pro sia laboro en la <a href="/wiki/Kvantuma_elektrodinamiko" title="Kvantuma elektrodinamiko">kvantuma elektrodinamiko</a> (QED), kune kun <a href="/wiki/Richard_Feynman" title="Richard Feynman">Richard Feynman</a> kaj <a href="/wiki/Shinichiro_Tomonaga" class="mw-redirect" title="Shinichiro Tomonaga">Shinichiro Tomonaga</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kontrolinte pli ol sepdek doktorigajn disertaciojn, Schwinger estas konata kiel unu el la plej fekundaj konsilistoj en fiziko. Kvar de liaj studentoj gajnis <a href="/wiki/Nobel-premio" title="Nobel-premio">Nobel-premion</a>: nome <a href="/wiki/Roy_J._Glauber" title="Roy J. Glauber">Roy Glauber</a>, Benjamin Roy Mottelson, <a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Lee_Glashow" title="Sheldon Lee Glashow">Sheldon Glashow</a> kaj Walter Kohn (pri kemio). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencoj">Referencoj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julian_Schwinger&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Redakti sekcion: Referencoj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julian_Schwinger&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Referencoj"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist references-small" style="padding-right: 6px;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1965/schwinger/biographical/">Biografio de Nobel-premioj</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <table class="navbox hlist" style=";margin:auto; border-collapse:collapse;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:4px;"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit; border-collapse:collapse;;"><tbody><tr><th style="text-align:center;;;background:#ffff40" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:xx-small; ;;border:none;;"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Cablono:Nobel-premio_pri_fiziko" title="Ŝablono:Nobel-premio pri fiziko"><span title="Rigardu ĉi tiun ŝablonon" style=";;border:none;;">v</span></a>&#160;<span style="font-size:80%;">•</span>&#160;<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Cablono-Diskuto:Nobel-premio_pri_fiziko&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ŝablono-Diskuto:Nobel-premio pri fiziko (paĝo ne ekzistas)"><span style="color:#002bb8;;;border:none;;" title="Diskuto pri ĉi tiu ŝablono">d</span></a>&#160;<span style="font-size:80%;">•</span>&#160;<a class="external text" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Cablono:Nobel-premio_pri_fiziko&amp;action=edit"><span style="color:#002bb8;;;border:none;;" title="Vi povas redakti ĉi tiun ŝablonon. Konservonte la paĝon bonvolu uzi la antaŭrigardan butonon.">r</span></a></div></div><span class="" style="font-size:110%;">Premiitoj de la <a href="/wiki/Nobel-premio_pri_fiziko" title="Nobel-premio pri fiziko">Nobel-premio pri fiziko</a></span></th></tr><tr><th class="navbox-group" style="white-space:nowrap;;; background:#ffcbcb;">1901–1925</th> <td style="width:100%;padding:0;;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:smaller">1901</span> <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Conrad_R%C3%B6ntgen" title="Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen">Röntgen</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1902</span> <a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Antoon_Lorentz" title="Hendrik Antoon Lorentz">Lorentz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pieter_Zeeman" title="Pieter Zeeman">Zeeman</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1903</span> <a href="/wiki/Antoine_Henri_Becquerel" title="Antoine Henri Becquerel">Becquerel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marie_Curie" title="Marie Curie">Marie Curie</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Curie" title="Pierre Curie">Pierre Curie</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1904</span> <a href="/wiki/John_William_Strutt_Rayleigh" title="John William Strutt Rayleigh">Rayleigh</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1905</span> <a href="/wiki/Philipp_Lenard" title="Philipp Lenard">Lenard</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1906</span> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_John_Thomson" title="Joseph John Thomson">J. Thomson</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1907</span> <a href="/wiki/Albert_Abraham_Michelson" title="Albert Abraham Michelson">Michelson</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1908</span> <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Lippmann" title="Gabriel Lippmann">Lippmann</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1909</span> <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Braun" title="Ferdinand Braun">Braun</a> / <a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_Marconi" title="Guglielmo Marconi">Marconi</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1910</span> <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Diderik_van_der_Waals" title="Johannes Diderik van der Waals">van der Waals</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1911</span> <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Wien" title="Wilhelm Wien">Wien</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1912</span> <a href="/wiki/Gustaf_Dal%C3%A9n" title="Gustaf Dalén">Dalén</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1913</span> <a href="/wiki/Heike_Kamerlingh_Onnes" title="Heike Kamerlingh Onnes">Kamerlingh Onnes</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1914</span> <a href="/wiki/Max_von_Laue" title="Max von Laue">Laue</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1915</span> <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Bragg" title="William Henry Bragg">W. H. Bragg</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Lawrence_Bragg" title="William Lawrence Bragg">W. L. Bragg</a></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:smaller">1916</span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1917</span> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Glover_Barkla" title="Charles Glover Barkla">Barkla</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1918</span> <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Planck</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1919</span> <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Stark" title="Johannes Stark">Stark</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1920</span> <a href="/wiki/Charles_%C3%89douard_Guillaume" title="Charles Édouard Guillaume">Guillaume</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1921</span> <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Einstein</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1922</span> <a href="/wiki/Niels_Bohr" title="Niels Bohr">N. Bohr</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1923</span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Andrews_Millikan" title="Robert Andrews Millikan">Millikan</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1924</span> <a href="/wiki/Manne_Siegbahn" title="Manne Siegbahn">M. Siegbahn</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1925</span> <a href="/wiki/James_Franck" title="James Franck">Franck</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Ludwig_Hertz" class="mw-redirect" title="Gustav Ludwig Hertz">Hertz</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th class="navbox-group" style="white-space:nowrap;;; background:#ffcbcb;">1926–1950</th> <td style="width:100%;padding:0;;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:smaller">1926</span> <a href="/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_Perrin" title="Jean Baptiste Perrin">Perrin</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1927</span> <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Compton" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur Compton">Compton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_Thomson_Rees_Wilson" title="Charles Thomson Rees Wilson">C. Wilson</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1928</span> <a href="/wiki/Owen_Willans_Richardson" title="Owen Willans Richardson">O. Richardson</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1929</span> <a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Broglie" title="Louis de Broglie">De Broglie</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1930</span> <a href="/wiki/Chandrasekhara_Venkata_Raman" title="Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman">Raman</a></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:smaller">1931</span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1932</span> <a href="/wiki/Werner_Heisenberg" title="Werner Heisenberg">Heisenberg</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1933</span> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Dirac" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul Dirac">Dirac</a> / <a href="/wiki/Erwin_Schr%C3%B6dinger" title="Erwin Schrödinger">Schrödinger</a></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:smaller">1934</span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1935</span> <a href="/wiki/James_Chadwick" title="James Chadwick">Chadwick</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1936</span> <a href="/wiki/Carl_David_Anderson" title="Carl David Anderson">C. Anderson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Victor_Francis_Hess" class="mw-redirect" title="Victor Francis Hess">Hess</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1937</span> <a href="/wiki/Clinton_Joseph_Davisson" title="Clinton Joseph Davisson">Davisson</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Paget_Thomson" title="George Paget Thomson">G. Thomson</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1938</span> <a href="/wiki/Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Fermi</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1939</span> <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Lawrence" class="mw-redirect" title="Ernest Lawrence">Lawrence</a></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:smaller">1940–1942</span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1943</span> <a href="/wiki/Otto_Stern" title="Otto Stern">Stern</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1944</span> <a href="/wiki/Isidor_Isaac_Rabi" title="Isidor Isaac Rabi">Rabi</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1945</span> <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Pauli" title="Wolfgang Pauli">Pauli</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1946</span> <a href="/wiki/Percy_Williams_Bridgman" title="Percy Williams Bridgman">Bridgman</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1947</span> <a href="/wiki/Edward_Victor_Appleton" title="Edward Victor Appleton">Appleton</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1948</span> <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Blackett,_Baron_Blackett" class="mw-redirect" title="Patrick Blackett, Baron Blackett">Blackett</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1949</span> <a href="/wiki/Yukawa_Hideki" title="Yukawa Hideki">Yukawa</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1950</span> <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Frank_Powell" title="Cecil Frank Powell">Powell</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th class="navbox-group" style="white-space:nowrap;;; background:#ffcbcb;">1951–1975</th> <td style="width:100%;padding:0;;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:smaller">1951</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Cockcroft" class="mw-redirect" title="John Cockcroft">Cockcroft</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Walton" title="Ernest Walton">Walton</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1952</span> <a href="/wiki/Felix_Bloch" title="Felix Bloch">Bloch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edward_Mills_Purcell" title="Edward Mills Purcell">Purcell</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1953</span> <a href="/wiki/Frits_Zernike" title="Frits Zernike">Zernike</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1954</span> <a href="/wiki/Max_Born" title="Max Born">Born</a> / <a href="/wiki/Walther_Bothe" title="Walther Bothe">Bothe</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1955</span> <a href="/wiki/Polykarp_Kusch" title="Polykarp Kusch">Kusch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Willis_Lamb" class="mw-redirect" title="Willis Lamb">Lamb</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1956</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">Bardeen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Walter_Houser_Brattain" title="Walter Houser Brattain">Brattain</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Shockley" title="William Shockley">Shockley</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1957</span> <a href="/wiki/Tsung-Dao_Lee" title="Tsung-Dao Lee">T. Lee</a> / <a href="/wiki/Chen_Ning_Yang" title="Chen Ning Yang">Yang</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1958</span> <a href="/wiki/Pavel_%C4%88erenkov" title="Pavel Ĉerenkov">Ĉerenkov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ilja_Frank" title="Ilja Frank">Frank</a> / <a href="/wiki/Igor_Tamm" title="Igor Tamm">Tamm</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1959</span> <a href="/wiki/Owen_Chamberlain" title="Owen Chamberlain">Chamberlain</a> / <a href="/wiki/Emilio_G._Segr%C3%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="Emilio G. Segrè">Segrè</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1960</span> <a href="/wiki/Donald_A._Glaser" title="Donald A. Glaser">Glaser</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1961</span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hofstadter" title="Robert Hofstadter">Hofstadter</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_M%C3%B6ssbauer" class="mw-redirect" title="Rudolf Mössbauer">Mössbauer</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1962</span> <a href="/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau">Landau</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1963</span> <a href="/wiki/Hans_Jensen" title="Hans Jensen">Jensen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Maria_Goeppert-Mayer" title="Maria Goeppert-Mayer">Goeppert-Mayer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eugene_Wigner" class="mw-redirect" title="Eugene Wigner">Wigner</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1964</span> <a href="/wiki/Nikolaj_Basov" title="Nikolaj Basov">Basov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Pro%C4%A5orov" title="Aleksandr Proĥorov">Proĥorov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes">Townes</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1965</span> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Feynman" title="Richard Feynman">Feynman</a> / <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Schwinger</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sin-Itiro_Tomonaga" class="mw-redirect" title="Sin-Itiro Tomonaga">Tomonaga</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1966</span> <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Kastler" title="Alfred Kastler">Kastler</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1967</span> <a href="/wiki/Hans_Albrecht_Bethe" title="Hans Albrecht Bethe">Bethe</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1968</span> <a href="/wiki/Luis_Walter_Alvarez" class="mw-redirect" title="Luis Walter Alvarez">Alvarez</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1969</span> <a href="/wiki/Murray_Gell-Mann" title="Murray Gell-Mann">Gell-Mann</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1970</span> <a href="/wiki/Hannes_Alfv%C3%A9n" title="Hannes Alfvén">Alfvén</a> / <a href="/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel">Néel</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1971</span> <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Gabor" title="Dennis Gabor">Gabor</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1972</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">Bardeen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Leon_Cooper" class="mw-redirect" title="Leon Cooper">Cooper</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Robert_Schrieffer" class="mw-redirect" title="John Robert Schrieffer">Schrieffer</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1973</span> <a href="/wiki/Leo_Esaki" title="Leo Esaki">Esaki</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ivar_Giaever" title="Ivar Giaever">Giaever</a> / <a href="/wiki/Brian_Josephson" title="Brian Josephson">Josephson</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1974</span> <a href="/wiki/Antony_Hewish" title="Antony Hewish">Hewish</a> / <a href="/wiki/Martin_Ryle" title="Martin Ryle">Ryle</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1975</span> <a href="/wiki/Aage_Bohr" class="mw-redirect" title="Aage Bohr">A. Bohr</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ben_Roy_Mottelson" title="Ben Roy Mottelson">Mottelson</a> / <a href="/wiki/James_Rainwater" class="mw-redirect" title="James Rainwater">Rainwater</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th class="navbox-group" style="white-space:nowrap;;; background:#ffcbcb;">1976–2000</th> <td style="width:100%;padding:0;;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:smaller">1976</span> <a href="/wiki/Burton_Richter" title="Burton Richter">Richter</a> / <a href="/wiki/Samuel_C._C._Ting" title="Samuel C. C. Ting">Ting</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1977</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Philip_Warren_Anderson&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philip Warren Anderson (paĝo ne ekzistas)">P. Anderson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nevill_Francis_Mott" title="Nevill Francis Mott">Mott</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Hasbrouck_Van_Vleck&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="John Hasbrouck Van Vleck (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Van Vleck</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1978</span> <a href="/wiki/Pjotr_Kapitsa" class="mw-redirect" title="Pjotr Kapitsa">Kapitsa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias">Penzias</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Woodrow_Wilson" title="Robert Woodrow Wilson">R. Wilson</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1979</span> <a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Lee_Glashow" title="Sheldon Lee Glashow">Glashow</a> / <a href="/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam">Salam</a> / <a href="/wiki/Steven_Weinberg" title="Steven Weinberg">Weinberg</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1980</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Cronin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="James Cronin (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Cronin</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Val_Logsdon_Fitch&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Val Logsdon Fitch (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Fitch</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1981</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolaas_Bloembergen&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolaas Bloembergen (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Bloembergen</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Schawlow</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kai_Siegbahn" title="Kai Siegbahn">K. Siegbahn</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1982</span> <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_G._Wilson" class="mw-redirect" title="Kenneth G. Wilson">K. Wilson</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1983</span> <a href="/wiki/Subrahmanyan_Chandrasekhar" title="Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar">Chandrasekhar</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Alfred_Fowler&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="William Alfred Fowler (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Fowler</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1984</span> <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia">Rubbia</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simon_van_der_Meer&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Simon van der Meer (paĝo ne ekzistas)">van der Meer</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1985</span> <a href="/wiki/Klaus_von_Klitzing" title="Klaus von Klitzing">von Klitzing</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1986</span> <a href="/wiki/Gerd_Binnig" title="Gerd Binnig">Binnig</a> / <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Rohrer" title="Heinrich Rohrer">Rohrer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Ruska" title="Ernst Ruska">Ruska</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1987</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Georg_Bednorz&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Georg Bednorz (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Bednorz</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=K._Alex_M%C3%BCller&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="K. Alex Müller (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Müller</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1988</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leon_M._Lederman&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Leon M. Lederman (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Lederman</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Melvin_Schwartz&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Melvin Schwartz (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Schwartz</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_Steinberger&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jack Steinberger (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Steinberger</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1989</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Georg_Dehmelt&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Georg Dehmelt (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Dehmelt</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_Paul&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Paul (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Paul</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Norman_Foster_Ramsey,_Jr.&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Norman Foster Ramsey, Jr. (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Ramsey</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1990</span> <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Isaac_Friedman" title="Jerome Isaac Friedman">Friedman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Henry_Way_Kendall" title="Henry Way Kendall">Kendall</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_E._Taylor&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard E. Taylor (paĝo ne ekzistas)">R. Taylor</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1991</span> <a href="/wiki/Pierre-Gilles_de_Gennes" title="Pierre-Gilles de Gennes">de Gennes</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1992</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Georges_Charpak&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Georges Charpak (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Charpak</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1993</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Russell_Alan_Hulse&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Russell Alan Hulse (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Hulse</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Hooton_Taylor,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Hooton Taylor, Jr.">J. Taylor</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1994</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bertram_Brockhouse&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bertram Brockhouse (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Brockhouse</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Clifford_Shull&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Clifford Shull (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Shull</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1995</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_Lewis_Perl&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Lewis Perl (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Perl</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Reines" title="Frederick Reines">Reines</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1996</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Morris_Lee&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="David Morris Lee (paĝo ne ekzistas)">D. Lee</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Douglas_Osheroff&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Douglas Osheroff (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Osheroff</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Coleman_Richardson&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Coleman Richardson (paĝo ne ekzistas)">R. Richardson</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1997</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Steven_Chu&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Steven Chu (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Chu</a> / <a href="/wiki/Claude_Cohen-Tannoudji" title="Claude Cohen-Tannoudji">Cohen-Tannoudji</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Daniel_Phillips&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="William Daniel Phillips (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Phillips</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1998</span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Laughlin" title="Robert B. Laughlin">Laughlin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Horst_Ludwig_St%C3%B6rmer" title="Horst Ludwig Störmer">Störmer</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daniel_C._Tsui&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daniel C. Tsui (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Tsui</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">1999</span> <a href="/wiki/Gerardus_%27t_Hooft" title="Gerardus &#39;t Hooft">'t Hooft</a> / <a href="/wiki/Martinus_J._G._Veltman" title="Martinus J. G. Veltman">Veltman</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">2000</span> <a href="/wiki/Zhores_Alferov" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhores Alferov">Alferov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jack_Kilby" title="Jack Kilby">Kilby</a> / <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Kroemer" title="Herbert Kroemer">Kroemer</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th class="navbox-group" style="white-space:nowrap;;; background:#ffcbcb;">2001 ĝis nun</th> <td style="width:100%;padding:0;;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:smaller">2001</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eric_Allin_Cornell&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Eric Allin Cornell (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Cornell</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_Ketterle&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Ketterle (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Ketterle</a> / <a href="/wiki/Carl_Wieman" class="mw-redirect" title="Carl Wieman">Wieman</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">2002</span> <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Davis,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Raymond Davis, Jr.">Davis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Giacconi" title="Riccardo Giacconi">Giacconi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Koshiba_Masatoshi" title="Koshiba Masatoshi">Koshiba</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">2003</span> <a href="/wiki/Aleksej_Abrikosov" title="Aleksej Abrikosov">Abrikosov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vitalij_Ginzburg" title="Vitalij Ginzburg">Ginzburg</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Leggett" title="Anthony Leggett">Leggett</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">2004</span> <a href="/wiki/David_Gross" title="David Gross">Gross</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hugh_David_Politzer" class="mw-redirect" title="Hugh David Politzer">Politzer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek">Wilczek</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">2005</span> <a href="/wiki/Roy_J._Glauber" title="Roy J. Glauber">Glauber</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_L._Hall" title="John L. Hall">Hall</a> / <a href="/wiki/Theodor_W._H%C3%A4nsch" title="Theodor W. Hänsch">Hänsch</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">2006</span> <a href="/wiki/John_C._Mather" title="John C. Mather">Mather</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Smoot" title="George Smoot">Smoot</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">2007</span> <a href="/wiki/Albert_Fert" title="Albert Fert">Fert</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Gr%C3%BCnberg" title="Peter Grünberg">Grünberg</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">2008</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobayashi_Makoto&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kobayashi Makoto (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Kobayashi</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Toshihide_Maskawa&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Toshihide Maskawa (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Maskawa</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoichiro_Nambu&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yoichiro Nambu (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Nambu</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">2009</span> <a href="/wiki/Willard_Boyle" title="Willard Boyle">Boyle</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_Kuen_Kao" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Kuen Kao">Kao</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Elwood_Smith" class="mw-redirect" title="George Elwood Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">2010</span> <a href="/wiki/Andre_Geim" title="Andre Geim">Geim</a> / <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Novosjolov" title="Konstantin Novosjolov">Novosjolov</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">2011</span> <a href="/wiki/Saul_Perlmutter" title="Saul Perlmutter">Perlmutter</a> / <a href="/wiki/Adam_Riess" title="Adam Riess">Riess</a> / <a href="/wiki/Brian_Schmidt" title="Brian Schmidt">Schmidt</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">2012</span> <a href="/wiki/Serge_Haroche" title="Serge Haroche">Haroche</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Wineland&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="David Wineland (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Wineland</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">2013</span> <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Englert" title="François Englert">Englert</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Higgs" title="Peter Higgs">Higgs</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">2014</span> <a href="/wiki/Akasaki_Isamu" class="mw-redirect" title="Akasaki Isamu">Akasaki</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amano_Hiroshi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Amano Hiroshi (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Amano</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nakamura_Shuji" title="Nakamura Shuji">Nakamura</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">2015</span> <a href="/wiki/Kajita_Takaaki" class="mw-redirect" title="Kajita Takaaki">Kajita</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Bruce_McDonald&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Arthur Bruce McDonald (paĝo ne ekzistas)">McDonald</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">2016</span> <a href="/wiki/David_J._Thouless" title="David J. Thouless">Thouless</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=F._Duncan_M._Haldane&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="F. Duncan M. Haldane (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Haldane</a>/ <a href="/w/index.php?title=J._Michael_Kosterlitz&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="J. Michael Kosterlitz (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Kosterlitz</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">2017</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rainer_Weiss&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Rainer Weiss (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Weiss</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barry_Barish&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Barry Barish (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Barish</a>/ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kip_Thorne&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kip Thorne (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Thorne</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">2018</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Ashkin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Arthur Ashkin (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Ashkin</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%A9rard_Mourou&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Gérard Mourou (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Mourou</a>/ <a href="/wiki/Donna_Strickland" title="Donna Strickland">Strickland</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">2019</span> <a href="/wiki/James_Peebles" title="James Peebles">Peebles</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel_Mayor&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Michel Mayor (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Mayor</a>/ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Didier_Queloz&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Didier Queloz (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Queloz</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">2020</span> <a href="/wiki/Roger_Penrose" title="Roger Penrose">Penrose</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhard_Genzel&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Reinhard Genzel (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Genzel</a>/ <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Ghez" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrea Ghez">Ghez</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">2021</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Syukuro_Manabe&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Syukuro Manabe (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Manabe</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Hasselmann&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Hasselmann (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Hasselmann</a>/ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Giorgio_Parisi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Giorgio Parisi (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Parisi</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">2022</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Clauser&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="John Clauser (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Clauser</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alain_Aspect" title="Alain Aspect">Aspect</a>/ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton_Zeilinger&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Anton Zeilinger (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Zeilinger</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">2023</span> <a href="/wiki/Ferenc_Krausz" title="Ferenc Krausz">Krausz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anne_L%27Huillier" title="Anne L&#39;Huillier">L'Huillier</a>/ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Agostini&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Agostini (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Agostini</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller">2024</span> <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Hinton" title="Geoffrey Hinton">Hinton</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Hopfield&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="John Hopfield (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Hopfield</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" id="aliaj_projektoj" style="float: right; clear: right; width: 250px; border: 1px solid #aaa; padding: 4px; font-size: 90%; background: #f9f9f9;"> <ul class="noarchive"><li class="commons"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Julian_Schwinger?uselang=eo">Kategorio Julian Schwinger en la <span>Vikimedia Komunejo</span></a> (Multrimedaj datumoj)</span> </li></ul> </div> <div class="noprint" style="clear:both; margin-top:0px; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); padding: 0px; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa); color:inherit"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Norma_datumaro" title="Norma datumaro">Bibliotekoj</a> </td> <td class="plainlinks hlist" style="font-size: 80%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Helpo:Bibliotekoj" title="Helpo:Bibliotekoj">PeEnEo</a>: <a class="external text" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/?curid=724752">724752</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Komuna_Norma_Datumaro" title="Komuna Norma Datumaro">GND</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/119206250">119206250</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kontrolnumero_de_la_Kongresa_Biblioteko_de_Usono" title="Kontrolnumero de la Kongresa Biblioteko de Usono">LCCN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79058968">n79058968</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/VIAF" title="VIAF">VIAF</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/viaf/108599721">108599721</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/ISNI" title="ISNI">ISNI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/0000000109316341">0000000109316341</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/LIBRIS" title="LIBRIS">LIBRIS</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libris.kb.se/auth/337617">337617</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation" title="Système universitaire de documentation">SUDOC</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idref.fr/032597150">032597150</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nacia_Biblioteko_de_Francio" title="Nacia Biblioteko de Francio">BNF</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12359660p">12359660p</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nacia_Biblioteko_de_Dieto" title="Nacia Biblioteko de Dieto">NDL</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00474735">00474735</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nacia_Biblioteko_de_la_%C4%88e%C4%A5a_Respubliko" title="Nacia Biblioteko de la Ĉeĥa Respubliko">NKC</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aut.nkp.cz/kup20010000089088">kup20010000089088</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Istituto_Centrale_per_il_Catalogo_Unico" class="mw-redirect" title="Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo Unico">ICCU</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV080465">CFIV080465</a></span></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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