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Pero no por una falta de ideas en sí, sino, por un cúmulo de ideas que resuenan en mi cabeza y no tienen un orden. Y yo, como Historiador y estudiante de Antropología, que me quejé siempre de los filósofos, de los hipérbolos, que no tenían sus ideas claras y que escribían como si de un chorro de meada dividida se tratara. 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León-Figueroa</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">El Problema del Hombre, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Encontrar la respuesta al problema del hombre, es deducir que el hombre es un misterio para el propio hombre, parece indicar un enigma indescifrable, es a la vez, un individuo aislado y un grupo de entes organizados. LA INCÓGNITA DEL HOMBRE, Autor Alexis Carrel Tiene la pretensión de poner al alcance de cada cual, un conjunto de investigaciones científicas que se refiere al ser humano en nuestra época, ha investigado la complejidad que presenta en sus diversas formas de vida, comportamientos, conocimientos, de ahí que es imposible lograr de él una concepción simple, es un todo indivisible de una extrema heterogeneidad. El hombre que conocen los especialistas, no es pues el hombre concreto, el hombre real. Un fisiólogo mecanicista y un fisiólogo vitalista no consideran el organismo de la misma manera, cada hombre lleva sobre su fisonomía la descripción de su cuerpo y de su alma El ser del hombre, desde el enfoque determinista de B. Spinoza, es un modo de la sustancia, una mente y un cuerpo, consiste en no ser libre y en saberlo, en vivir en la naturaleza, en Dios. ¿De dónde venimos? ¿Qué somos? ¿Hacia dónde vamos?: origen, concepto y destino del hombre, son las cuestiones fundamentales que plantea la Antropología Filosófica que estudia y analiza racionalmente lo que es el Hombre, dándonos una visión integral de la realidad, a través de las doctrinas antropológicas. 1. ORIGEN DEL HOMBRE.-Existen dos teorías que tratan de explicar el origen del hombre, éstas son: 1.1. TEORIA CREACIONISTA O FIJISTA.-Asume un criterio trascendentalista, concibiendo al hombre como producto de la creación divina, cuyo destino va a trascender o superar la vida terrenal o imperfecta. Son ejemplos de esta concepción las doctrinas idealistas como el platonismo, el cristianismo, para el cual el hombre fue creado por Dios, en estado adulto, con pareja y, con capacidad para reproducirse, según el relato del Libro del Génesis en la Biblia. Capítulo 1,26. "Díjose entonces Dios : hagamos al hombre a nuestra imagen y a nuestra semejanza". Esto ha llevado a especulaciones acerca del alma. Ya Aristóteles, al hablar de la vida contemplativa, se había referido a un elemento divino del hombre (Nicola Abbagnano) · Sostiene que el hombre no ha sufrido cambios ni variaciones; para esta teoría, el hombre se conserva tal y conforme lo creó Dios. · El Creacionismo enseñaba que el mundo actual era igual a lo que era desde su creación. Conforme al método de la teología, que va de Dios a las cosas, se deducía de la naturaleza de Dios lo que había de ser la naturaleza de las cosas. Una causa divina inmutable no podía haber creado sino cosas definitivas. Todo salía perfecto de la mano de Dios. · Un filósofo, tan racionalista como Descartes, admitía la creación divina del hombre, porque consideraba que era parte de la verdad revelada. "Yo no soy, precisamente hablando más que una cosa que piensa, o sea un espíritu, un entendimiento o una razón" (Descartes). Hegel, afirma : "El hombre es esencialmente espíritu y el Espíritu es Dios". Fichte, expresa:" El hombre se ha adaptado a la unidad y a la inmutabilidad de Dios". · Los grandes naturalistas Linneo (quien empleó por primera vez el término Homo sapiens) y Cuvier fueron creacionistas. No admitían la variabilidad de las especies, porque decían que con la inestabilidad de éstas no podía haber ni Botánica ni Zoología. · Esta teoría del hombre constituye la base de todas las religiones del mundo, relacionado con el Estado Teológico, según el enfoque de Augusto Comte. 1.2. TEORÍA EVOLUCIONISTA.-Asume un criterio inmanentista. 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Existen numerosas clasificaciones, muchas veces contradictorias, pues aun hay varias incógnitas en el estudio del hombre. De un modo general, se puede decir que existe un tronco común entre los grandes monos o primates antropoides (póngidos) y los humanos (homínidos). En algún momento, esas dos familias formarían y evolucionarían en direcciones diferentes: los póngidos darían origen a los gorilas, chimpancés, orangutanes, etc., en cuanto los Homínidos pasarían a dar formación, a través de una larga evolución (Austrolipithecus, Homo Habilis, Homo Erectus, Homo Neanderthal) hasta originar al Homo Sapiens, hombre actual. La Hominización es el proceso de evolución o transformaciones del ser humano desde sus ancestros más antiguos. Etapas de la evolución humana (Hominización) Los Homínidos: Son clasificados en dos géneros: el primer género es el Austrolopithecus (del latín australis= meridional, sur + del griego pithecos=mono "mono del sur") que presentaba características físicas aún distantes del hombre actual. El segundo género es el genero Homo, al que pertenecemos los seres humanos. No se sabe si el hombre actual habría evolucionado del Austrolipithecus o tal vez sea independientes concertados por un ancestro común. 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