Journal of Instrumentation

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value="/collections/jinst-230118-98">Snowmass'2021 Accelerator Frontier</option><option value="/collections/jinst-221201-62">The Large Hadron Collider and The Experiments for Run 3</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_ICFA_Beam_Dynamics_Panel_Newsletters_Special_issue_79">ICFA Beam Dynamics Newsletter #79 - Space Charge</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_ICFA_Beam_Dynamics_Panel_Newsletters_Special_issue_80">ICFA Beam Dynamics Newsletter #80 – Medium Energy Heavy Ion Facilities</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc94">22nd International Workshop on Radiation Imaging Detectors (IWORID2021)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc95">DUNE Far Detector Technical Design Report, Volumes I, III, and IV</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc92">XV Workshop on Resistive Plate Chambers and Related Detectors (RPC2020)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc93">Very Large Volume Neutrino Telescope 2020 (VLVnT)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc91">The International Conference Instrumentation for Colliding Beam Physics (INSTR2020)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc90">IOTA Beam Physics</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc83">Plasma Physics by Lasers and Applications 2019 (PPLA2019)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc89">International Workshop on Fast Cherenkov Detectors - Photon detection, DIRC design and DAQ (DIRC2019)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc87">Calorimetry for High Energy Frontier (CHEF2019)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc88">The XIII International Symposium - Radiation from Relativistic Electrons in Periodic Structures (RREPS-19)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc86">21st International Workshop On Radiation Imaging Detectors</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc84">19th International Symposium on Laser-Aided Plasma Diagnostics 2019</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc85">Light Detection in Noble Elements</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc82">3rd European Conference on Plasma Diagnostics (ECPD2019)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc80">International Summer School on INtelligent signal processing for FrontIEr Research and Industry (INFIERI 2019)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc81">Innovative Particle and Radiation Detectors 2019 (IPRD19)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc79">The 9th International Workshop on Semiconductor Pixel Detectors for Particles and Imaging</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc78">20th International Workshop On Radiation Imaging Detectors</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc77">14th Workshop on Resistive Plate Chambers and Related Detectors (RPC2018)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc76">23rd International Workshop on ECR Ion Sources (ECRIS 2018)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc75">5th International Conference Frontiers in Diagnostcs Technologies (ICFDT)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc74">XII International Symposium on Radiation from Relativistic Electrons in Periodic Structures (RREPS-17)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc71">Light Detection in Noble Elements (LIDINE2017)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc73">International Workshop on Fast Cherenkov Detectors - Photon detection, DIRC design and DAQ (DIRC2017)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc70">Calorimetry for the High Energy Frontier (CHEF2017)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc68">International Workshop on Imaging II</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc69">24th International congress on x-ray optics and microanalysis (IXCOM24)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc67">19th International Workshop on Radiation Imaging Detectors (IWORID2017)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc60">Precision Astronomy with Fully Depleted CCDS (PACCD2016)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc66">11th International Conference on Position Sensitive Detectors (PSD11)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc65">2nd European Conference on Plasma Diagnostics (ECPD 2017)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc64">International Conference on Instrumentation for Colliding Beam Physics (INSTR17)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc59">Topical Workshop on Electronics for Particle Physics (TWEPP2016)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc63">International Workshop on Semiconductor Pixel Detectors for Particles and Imaging (Pixel 2016)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc62">18th International Symposium on Laser-Aided Plasma (LAPD18)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc61">18th International Workshop on Radiation Imaging Detectors (IWORID2016)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc46">Muon Accelerators for Particle Physics (MUON)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc57">4th International Conference Frontiers in Diagnostics Fix Technologies (ICFDT4)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc58">The 3rd ELIMED Workshop MEDical and Multidisciplinary Applications of Laser-Driven Ion Beams at ELI-Beamlines (III ELIMED)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc56">International Workshop on Fast Cherenkov Detectors - Photon detection, DIRC design and DAQ (DIRC2015)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc52">Multi-scale and Multi-dimensional Synchrotron Radiation Imaging Techniques and Applications (MMSRI-2015)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc55">14th Topical Seminar on Innovative Particle and Radiation Detectors (IPRD16)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc54">13th Workshop on Resistive Plate Chambers and Related Detectors (RPC2016)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc53">Light Detection in Noble Elements (LIDINE 2015)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc50">Topical Workshop on Electronics for Particle Physics</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc44">17th International Workshop on Radiation Imaging Detectors</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc43">17th International Symposium on Laser-Aided Plasma Diagnostics (LAPD17)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc51">Plasma Physics by Laser and Applications (PPLA2015)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc48">1st EPS Conference on Plasma Diagnostics (1stECPD)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc49">International Workshop on Imaging (IMAGING)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc45">Cornell's Electron/positron Storage Ring (CESR-TA)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc47">Precision Astronomy with Fully Depleted CCDS(2014)</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc34">Precision Astronomy with Fully Depleted CCDS</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc36">10th International Conference on Position Sensitive Detectors</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc41">Topical Workshop on Electronics for Particle Physics</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc42">7th International Workshop on Semiconductor Pixel Detectors for Particles and Imaging</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_Micro_Pattern_Gaseous_Detectors">3rd International Conference on Micro Pattern Gaseous Detectors</option><option value="/collections/1748-0221_focus_issue_extraproc38">Workshop on Intelligent Trackers</option> </select> <button type="submit" id="allFocusIssues" class="btn btn-primary-2 select-w-btn__submit">Go</button> </form> </div>  </div> </div>  </div>  <div id="wd-journal-metrics" class="metrics"> <div class="metrics__grid"> <div class="metrics__metric"> <span class="metrics__description">Impact factor</span> <span class="metrics__score">1.3</span> </div> <div class="metrics__metric"> <span class="metrics__description">Citescore</span> <span class="metrics__score">2.4</span> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="cf mb-1">    <div class="tabs cf mb-2 mt-1 tabs--vertical" id="wd-jnl-hm-art-list">  <div role="tablist"> <button role="tab" aria-selected="false" aria-controls="most-read-tab" id="most-read" class="event_tabs" tabindex="-1"> Most read </button> <button role="tab" aria-selected="true" aria-controls="latest-articles-tab" id="latest-articles" class="event_tabs"> Latest articles </button> <button role="tab" aria-selected="false" aria-controls="review-articles-tab" id="review-articles" class="event_tabs" tabindex="-1"> Review articles </button> <button role="tab" aria-selected="false" aria-controls="open-access-articles-tab" id="open-access-articles" class="event_tabs" tabindex="-1"> Open Access </button> </div>   <div tabindex="0" role="tabpanel" id="most-read-tab" aria-labelledby="most-read" hidden="hidden"> <div class=" reveal-container reveal-closed reveal-enabled reveal-container--jnl-tab"> <h2 class="tabpanel__title"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger event_tabs-accordion" aria-expanded="false"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg>Most read</button> </h2> <div class="reveal-content tabpanel__content" style="display: none"> <p> <button data-reveal-label-alt="Close all abstracts" class="reveal-all-trigger mr-2 small" data-reveal-text="Open all abstracts" data-link-purpose-append="in this tab" data-link-purpose-append-open="in this tab"> Open all abstracts<span class="offscreen-hidden">, in this tab</span> </button> </p>  <div class="art-list"> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/3/08/S08003" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">The ATLAS Experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> The ATLAS Collaboration <em>et al</em> 2008 <em>JINST</em> <b>3</b> S08003 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="The ATLAS Experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider" data-link-purpose-append-open="The ATLAS Experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/3/08/S08003/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, The ATLAS Experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/3/08/S08003/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, The ATLAS Experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p> The ATLAS detector as installed in its experimental cavern at point 1 at CERN is described in this paper. A brief overview of the expected performance of the detector when the Large Hadron Collider begins operation is also presented.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/3/08/S08003">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/3/08/S08003</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/3/08/S08004" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> The CMS Collaboration <em>et al</em> 2008 <em>JINST</em> <b>3</b> S08004 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC" data-link-purpose-append-open="The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/3/08/S08004/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/3/08/S08004/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p> The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector is described. The detector operates at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. It was conceived to study proton-proton (and lead-lead) collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 14 TeV (5.5 TeV nucleon-nucleon) and at luminosities up to 10<sup>34</sup> cm<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> (10<sup>27</sup> cm<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>). At the core of the CMS detector sits a high-magnetic-field and large-bore superconducting solenoid surrounding an all-silicon pixel and strip tracker, a lead-tungstate scintillating-crystals electromagnetic calorimeter, and a brass-scintillator sampling hadron calorimeter. The iron yoke of the flux-return is instrumented with four stations of muon detectors covering most of the 4π solid angle. Forward sampling calorimeters extend the pseudorapidity coverage to high values (|η| ⩽ 5) assuring very good hermeticity. The overall dimensions of the CMS detector are a length of 21.6 m, a diameter of 14.6 m and a total weight of 12500 t.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/3/08/S08004">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/3/08/S08004</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <div class="eyebrow"> <span class="offscreen-hidden">The following article is </span><span class="red">Open access</span> </div> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/09/P09001" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">Abatement of ionizing radiation for superconducting quantum devices</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> B. Loer <em>et al</em> 2024 <em>JINST</em> <b>19</b> P09001 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="Abatement of ionizing radiation for superconducting quantum devices" data-link-purpose-append-open="Abatement of ionizing radiation for superconducting quantum devices">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/09/P09001/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Abatement of ionizing radiation for superconducting quantum devices</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/09/P09001/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Abatement of ionizing radiation for superconducting quantum devices</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>Ionizing radiation has been shown to reduce the performance of superconducting quantum circuits. In this report, we evaluate the expected contributions of different sources of ambient radioactivity for typical superconducting qubit experiment platforms. Our assessment of radioactivity inside a typical cryostat highlights the importance of selecting appropriate materials for the experiment components nearest to qubit devices, such as packaging and electrical interconnects. We present a shallow underground facility (30-meter water equivalent) to reduce the flux of cosmic rays and a lead shielded cryostat to abate the naturally occurring radiogenic gamma-ray flux in the laboratory environment. We predict that superconducting qubit devices operated in this facility could experience a reduced rate of correlated multi-qubit errors by a factor of approximately 20 relative to the rate in a typical above-ground, unshielded facility. Finally, we outline overall design improvements that would be required to further reduce the residual ionizing radiation rate, down to the limit of current generation direct detection dark matter experiments.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/09/P09001">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/09/P09001</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/3/08/S08001" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">LHC Machine</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> Lyndon Evans and Philip Bryant 2008 <em>JINST</em> <b>3</b> S08001 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="LHC Machine" data-link-purpose-append-open="LHC Machine">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/3/08/S08001/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, LHC Machine</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/3/08/S08001/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, LHC Machine</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p> The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN near Geneva is the world's newest and most powerful tool for Particle Physics research. It is designed to collide proton beams with a centre-of-mass energy of 14 TeV and an unprecedented luminosity of 10<sup>34</sup> cm<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>. It can also collide heavy (Pb) ions with an energy of 2.8 TeV per nucleon and a peak luminosity of 10<sup>27</sup> cm<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>. In this paper, the machine design is described.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/3/08/S08001">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/3/08/S08001</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/3/08/S08005" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">The LHCb Detector at the LHC</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> The LHCb Collaboration <em>et al</em> 2008 <em>JINST</em> <b>3</b> S08005 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="The LHCb Detector at the LHC" data-link-purpose-append-open="The LHCb Detector at the LHC">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/3/08/S08005/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, The LHCb Detector at the LHC</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/3/08/S08005/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, The LHCb Detector at the LHC</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p> The LHCb experiment is dedicated to precision measurements of CP violation and rare decays of B hadrons at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN (Geneva). The initial configuration and expected performance of the detector and associated systems, as established by test beam measurements and simulation studies, is described.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/3/08/S08005">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/3/08/S08005</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <div class="eyebrow"> <span class="offscreen-hidden">The following article is </span><span class="red">Open access</span> </div> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/08/T08004" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology. Technical Design Report</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> A. Abed Abud <em>et al</em> 2024 <em>JINST</em> <b>19</b> T08004 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology. Technical Design Report" data-link-purpose-append-open="The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology. Technical Design Report">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/08/T08004/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology. Technical Design Report</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/08/T08004/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology. Technical Design Report</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>DUNE is an international experiment dedicated to addressing some of the questions at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics, including the mystifying preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe. The dual-site experiment will employ an intense neutrino beam focused on a near and a far detector as it aims to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to make high-precision measurements of the PMNS matrix parameters, including the CP-violating phase. It will also stand ready to observe supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector implements liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) technology, and combines the many tens-of-kiloton fiducial mass necessary for rare event searches with the sub-centimeter spatial resolution required to image those events with high precision. The addition of a photon detection system enhances physics capabilities for all DUNE physics drivers and opens prospects for further physics explorations. Given its size, the far detector will be implemented as a set of modules, with LArTPC designs that differ from one another as newer technologies arise. In the vertical drift LArTPC design, a horizontal cathode bisects the detector, creating two stacked drift volumes in which ionization charges drift towards anodes at either the top or bottom. The anodes are composed of perforated PCB layers with conductive strips, enabling reconstruction in 3D. Light-trap-style photon detection modules are placed both on the cryostat's side walls and on the central cathode where they are optically powered. This Technical Design Report describes in detail the technical implementations of each subsystem of this LArTPC that, together with the other far detector modules and the near detector, will enable DUNE to achieve its physics goals. </p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/08/T08004">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/08/T08004</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <div class="eyebrow"> <span class="offscreen-hidden">The following article is </span><span class="red">Open access</span> </div> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/17/01/C01044" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">Timepix4, a large area pixel detector readout chip which can be tiled on 4 sides providing sub-200 ps timestamp binning</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> X. Llopart <em>et al</em> 2022 <em>JINST</em> <b>17</b> C01044 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="Timepix4, a large area pixel detector readout chip which can be tiled on 4 sides providing sub-200 ps timestamp binning" data-link-purpose-append-open="Timepix4, a large area pixel detector readout chip which can be tiled on 4 sides providing sub-200 ps timestamp binning">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/17/01/C01044/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Timepix4, a large area pixel detector readout chip which can be tiled on 4 sides providing sub-200 ps timestamp binning</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/17/01/C01044/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Timepix4, a large area pixel detector readout chip which can be tiled on 4 sides providing sub-200 ps timestamp binning</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>Timepix4 is a 24.7 <b>×</b> 30.0 mm<sup>2</sup> hybrid pixel detector readout ASIC which has been designed to permit detector tiling on 4 sides. It consists of 448 <b>×</b> 512 pixels which can be bump bonded to a sensor with square pixels at a pitch of 55 µm. Like its predecessor, Timepix3, it can operate in data driven mode sending out information (Time of Arrival, ToA and Time over Threshold, ToT) only when a pixel has a hit above a pre-defined and programmable threshold. In this mode hits can be tagged to a time bin of <200 ps and Timepix4 can record hits correctly at incoming rates of ∼3.6 MHz/mm<sup>2</sup>/s. In photon counting (or frame-based) mode it can count incoming hits at rates of up to 5 GHz/mm<sup>2</sup>/s. In both modes data is output via between 2 and 16 serializers each running at a programmable data bandwidth of between 40 Mbps and 10 Gbps. The specifications, architecture and circuit implementation are described along with first electrical measurements and measurements with radioactive sources. In photon counting mode X-ray images have been taken at a threshold of 650 e<sup>−</sup> (with <10 masked pixels). In data driven mode images were taken of ToA/ToT data using a <sup>90</sup>Sr source at a threshold of 800 e<sup>−</sup> (with ∼120 masked pixels).</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/01/C01044">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/01/C01044</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <div class="eyebrow"> <span class="offscreen-hidden">The following article is </span><span class="red">Open access</span> </div> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/08/P08005" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">Doping liquid argon with xenon in ProtoDUNE Single-Phase: effects on scintillation light</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> A. Abed Abud <em>et al</em> 2024 <em>JINST</em> <b>19</b> P08005 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="Doping liquid argon with xenon in ProtoDUNE Single-Phase: effects on scintillation light" data-link-purpose-append-open="Doping liquid argon with xenon in ProtoDUNE Single-Phase: effects on scintillation light">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/08/P08005/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Doping liquid argon with xenon in ProtoDUNE Single-Phase: effects on scintillation light</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/08/P08005/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Doping liquid argon with xenon in ProtoDUNE Single-Phase: effects on scintillation light</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>Doping of liquid argon TPCs (LArTPCs) with a small concentration of xenon is a technique for light-shifting and facilitates the detection of the liquid argon scintillation light. In this paper, we present the results of the first doping test ever performed in a kiloton-scale LArTPC. From February to May 2020, we carried out this special run in the single-phase DUNE Far Detector prototype (ProtoDUNE-SP) at CERN, featuring 720 t of total liquid argon mass with 410 t of fiducial mass. A 5.4 ppm nitrogen contamination was present during the xenon doping campaign. The goal of the run was to measure the light and charge response of the detector to the addition of xenon, up to a concentration of 18.8 ppm. The main purpose was to test the possibility for reduction of non-uniformities in light collection, caused by deployment of photon detectors only within the anode planes. Light collection was analysed as a function of the xenon concentration, by using the pre-existing photon detection system (PDS) of ProtoDUNE-SP and an additional smaller set-up installed specifically for this run. In this paper we first summarize our current understanding of the argon-xenon energy transfer process and the impact of the presence of nitrogen in argon with and without xenon dopant. We then describe the key elements of ProtoDUNE-SP and the injection method deployed. Two dedicated photon detectors were able to collect the light produced by xenon and the total light. The ratio of these components was measured to be about 0.65 as 18.8 ppm of xenon were injected. We performed studies of the collection efficiency as a function of the distance between tracks and light detectors, demonstrating enhanced uniformity of response for the anode-mounted PDS. We also show that xenon doping can substantially recover light losses due to contamination of the liquid argon by nitrogen.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/08/P08005">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/08/P08005</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <div class="eyebrow"> <span class="offscreen-hidden">The following article is </span><span class="red">Open access</span> </div> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/09/P09017" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">A 3D photon-to-digital converter readout for low-power and large-area applications</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> T. Rossignol <em>et al</em> 2024 <em>JINST</em> <b>19</b> P09017 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="A 3D photon-to-digital converter readout for low-power and large-area applications" data-link-purpose-append-open="A 3D photon-to-digital converter readout for low-power and large-area applications">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/09/P09017/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, A 3D photon-to-digital converter readout for low-power and large-area applications</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/09/P09017/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, A 3D photon-to-digital converter readout for low-power and large-area applications</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>A new trend in large area noble liquid experiments is to measure the scintillation light with photodetectors and their electronics inside the active volume. Compared to the typical approach of using silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) with an analog readout chain leading to an analog-to-digital converter, this paper presents a new 3D photon-to-digital converter (PDC) readout that takes advantage of the binary nature of the single-photon avalanche diodes (SPAD). The readout contains 4096 pixels over 25 mm<sup>2</sup>, each including a 3D bonding pad and a quenching circuit. The readout features three different outputs: a fast flag to get the timestamp of each event from an external time-to-digital converter, a digital sum to retrieve the number of pixels triggered during an event, and an analog monitor to generate an analog SiPM-like output. The analog monitor is also used to validate the two former digital outputs. The readout also includes 61 2D CMOS SPADs for validation purpose prior to the final 3D integration with SPADs custom made according to our design by Teledyne DALSA (Bromont, Canada). As a first system integration toward large-area detector applications, a mini-tile of 2 <b>×</b> 2 readouts has been developed to test all the functionalities. The measured single-photon timing resolution ranges from 72 to 93 ps FWHM across the mini-tile SPAD channels population (i.e. 4 <b>×</b> 61 channels). The flag timing resolution is below 95 ps RMS, which includes the contribution of the optimized flag H-tree but also an additional trigger tree that replaces the 3D SPAD array at this stage of development. Once bonded with the 3D SPADs, the trigger tree won't be required to measure the flag timing resolution. With the removed contribution of the trigger tree, the estimated flag timing resolution should be below 45 ps RMS. The extent of the benefits of the digital sum output depend on the application, and this paper focuses on two cases. First, a low-power coincidence scheme such as required by the nEXO liquid xenon experiment, leading to a power consumption as low as 140 <i>μ</i>W per PDC. With a finer sampling of the scintillation light such as required for pulse shape discrimination in liquid argon, the power consumption remains below 100 <i>μ</i>W per PDC. Overall, this readout is designed as a replacement for a typical analog SiPM chain, without compromise on the performances.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/09/P09017">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/09/P09017</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <div class="eyebrow"> <span class="offscreen-hidden">The following article is </span><span class="red">Open access</span> </div> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/09/P09029" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">Improvement of the energy resolution and non-proportional light response of CsI:Tl to gamma radiation using dynamic integration times</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> Z. Mianowska <em>et al</em> 2024 <em>JINST</em> <b>19</b> P09029 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="Improvement of the energy resolution and non-proportional light response of CsI:Tl to gamma radiation using dynamic integration times" data-link-purpose-append-open="Improvement of the energy resolution and non-proportional light response of CsI:Tl to gamma radiation using dynamic integration times">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/09/P09029/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Improvement of the energy resolution and non-proportional light response of CsI:Tl to gamma radiation using dynamic integration times</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/09/P09029/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Improvement of the energy resolution and non-proportional light response of CsI:Tl to gamma radiation using dynamic integration times</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>The analysis of the light response of thallium-doped cesium iodide to gamma radiation was performed on single scintillation waveforms recorded using a digital oscilloscope. As an alternative to classical pulse processing procedures, the use of dynamic integration times instead of fixed shaping/integration times was demonstrated. The dynamic integration time, changeable with the amplitudes of the CsI:Tl scintillation pulses, allowed to optimise the light collection with simultaneous minimization of a noise contribution. It was shown that for low-energy <i>γ</i>-rays (22 keV–60 keV), the scintillation pulses should be integrated using shorter integration times (approximately 7 <i>μ</i>s–14 μs), whereas for higher energies (662 keV–835 keV), the best energy resolution was achieved with integration times of about 28 <i>μ</i>s–30 <i>μ</i>s. The approach also allowed for the registration of more proportional CsI:Tl light responses to deposited X and gamma radiation in the energy range of 22 keV–835 keV.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/09/P09029">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/09/P09029</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  </div> </div> </div>   <div tabindex="0" role="tabpanel" id="latest-articles-tab" aria-labelledby="latest-articles"> <div class=" reveal-container reveal-closed reveal-enabled reveal-container--jnl-tab"> <h2 class="tabpanel__title"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger event_tabs-accordion" aria-expanded="false"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg>Latest articles</button> </h2> <div class="reveal-content tabpanel__content" style="display: none"> <p> <button data-reveal-label-alt="Close all abstracts" class="reveal-all-trigger mr-2 small" data-reveal-text="Open all abstracts" data-link-purpose-append="in this tab" data-link-purpose-append-open="in this tab"> Open all abstracts<span class="offscreen-hidden">, in this tab</span> </button> </p>  <div class="art-list"> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11012" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">ML-based calibration and control of the GlueX Central Drift Chamber</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> T. Britton <em>et al</em> 2024 <em>JINST</em> <b>19</b> C11012 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="ML-based calibration and control of the GlueX Central Drift Chamber" data-link-purpose-append-open="ML-based calibration and control of the GlueX Central Drift Chamber">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11012/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, ML-based calibration and control of the GlueX Central Drift Chamber</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11012/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, ML-based calibration and control of the GlueX Central Drift Chamber</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>The GlueX Central Drift Chamber (CDC) in Hall D at Jefferson Lab, used for detecting and tracking charged particles, is calibrated and controlled <i>during</i> data taking using a Gaussian process. The system dynamically adjusts the high voltage applied to the anode wires inside the chamber in response to changing environmental and experimental conditions such that the gain is stabilized. Control policies have been established to manage the CDC's behavior. These policies are activated when the model's uncertainty exceeds a configurable threshold or during human-initiated tests during normal production running. We demonstrate the system reduces the time detector experts dedicate to calibration of the data offline, leading to a marked decrease in computing resource usage without compromising detector performance.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11012">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11012</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <div class="eyebrow"> <span class="offscreen-hidden">The following article is </span><span class="red">Open access</span> </div> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11013" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">ATLAS ITk-Pixel DAQ system</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> Wael Alkakhi on behalf of the ATLAS ITk collaboration 2024 <em>JINST</em> <b>19</b> C11013 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="ATLAS ITk-Pixel DAQ system" data-link-purpose-append-open="ATLAS ITk-Pixel DAQ system">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11013/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, ATLAS ITk-Pixel DAQ system</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11013/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, ATLAS ITk-Pixel DAQ system</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>During the ATLAS High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) upgrade, the current inner detector is going to be replaced by an all-silicon Inner Tracker (ITk). The pixel detector, located in the innermost part of the ITk, comprises 9716 modules arranged in 5 cylindrical layers around the beam line. The ITk-Pixel Data AcQuisition (DAQ) system basic read-out chain includes the YARR software, communicating with the FELIX PCIe board acting as an interface connected through lpGBT transceivers to the on-detector front-end (FE) chips ITkPix. The FEs are grouped in triplet (3-FE) and mostly in 4-FE Quad Modules (QM), that are installed on local supports, which are integral parts of the ITk structure. The FELIX system is also used for performing Quality Control (QC) tests during integration. The work describes the development steps and corresponding testing and read-out chain validation results. A representative read-out sub-system will be used to develop and validate the different aspects of the read-out chain. This subsystem can be a Loaded Local Support (LLS) comprising few tens of ITkPix QMs with serial powering (SP) and opto-box connection. In order to have the readout chain validated, developments on trigger and command sending and data reading of YARR FelixClient controller were consequently required, working first on a lab setup with a couple of ITkPix single chip cards (SCCs) and QMs. This step has been carried out successfully, paving the road to the next LLS sub-system readout test, once more QMs are available.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11013">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11013</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11014" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">Multi-channel readout electronics of silicon photomultipliers for plastic scintillating fiber detector</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> Zibing Wu <em>et al</em> 2024 <em>JINST</em> <b>19</b> C11014 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="Multi-channel readout electronics of silicon photomultipliers for plastic scintillating fiber detector" data-link-purpose-append-open="Multi-channel readout electronics of silicon photomultipliers for plastic scintillating fiber detector">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11014/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Multi-channel readout electronics of silicon photomultipliers for plastic scintillating fiber detector</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11014/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Multi-channel readout electronics of silicon photomultipliers for plastic scintillating fiber detector</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>A plastic scintillating fiber (SciFi) detector with one-dimensional highly segmented silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) readout can achieve much finer spatial resolution than conventional bulk plastic scintillator detectors. In this work, to construct a large-area SciFi detector for muon scattering tomography, a compact multi-channel front-end electronics is developed based on Citiroc1A, a SiPM readout chip. This electronics system includes an analog board with Citiroc1A for interfacing SiPM arrays, and a digital board with Analog-to-Digital Converter, Field Programmable Gate Array and optical communication modules. We realized primary functions of Citiroc1A and evaluated the system performance on pedestal and pulse response. This front-end electronics design enables to identify a single photoelectron pulse of SiPMs and provide a linear response range up to about 300 pC, which satisfies the requirements of registering cosmic ray muons in the SciFi detector.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11014">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11014</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11020" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">Neutron and gamma-ray discrimination by a pressurized helium-4 based scintillation detector</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> Shubham Dutta <em>et al</em> 2024 <em>JINST</em> <b>19</b> P11020 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="Neutron and gamma-ray discrimination by a pressurized helium-4 based scintillation detector" data-link-purpose-append-open="Neutron and gamma-ray discrimination by a pressurized helium-4 based scintillation detector">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11020/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Neutron and gamma-ray discrimination by a pressurized helium-4 based scintillation detector</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11020/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Neutron and gamma-ray discrimination by a pressurized helium-4 based scintillation detector</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>Pressurized helium-4 (PHe) based fast neutron scintillation detector offers an useful alternative to organic liquid-based scintillator due to its relatively low response to the <i>γ</i>-rays compared to the latter type of scintillator. In the present work, we have investigated the capabilities of a PHe detector for the detection of fast neutrons in a mixed radiation field where both the neutrons and the <i>γ</i>-rays are present. Discrimination between neutrons and <i>γ</i>-rays is achieved by using fast-slow charge integration method. We have also conducted systematic studies of the attenuation of fast neutrons and <i>γ</i>-rays by high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Additionally, the simulation analyses, conducted using GEANT4, provide detailed insights into the interactions of the radiation quanta with the PHe detector.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11020">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11020</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <div class="eyebrow"> <span class="offscreen-hidden">The following article is </span><span class="red">Open access</span> </div> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11021" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">Performance of the CMS high-level trigger during LHC Run 2</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> A. Hayrapetyan <em>et al</em> 2024 <em>JINST</em> <b>19</b> P11021 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="Performance of the CMS high-level trigger during LHC Run 2" data-link-purpose-append-open="Performance of the CMS high-level trigger during LHC Run 2">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11021/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Performance of the CMS high-level trigger during LHC Run 2</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11021/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Performance of the CMS high-level trigger during LHC Run 2</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>The CERN LHC provided proton and heavy ion collisions during its Run 2 operation period from 2015 to 2018. Proton-proton collisions reached a peak instantaneous luminosity of 2.1<b>×</b> 10<sup>34</sup> cm<sup>-2</sup>s<sup>-1</sup>, twice the initial design value, at √(<i>s</i>)=13 TeV. The CMS experiment records a subset of the collisions for further processing as part of its online selection of data for physics analyses, using a two-level trigger system: the Level-1 trigger, implemented in custom-designed electronics, and the high-level trigger, a streamlined version of the offline reconstruction software running on a large computer farm. This paper presents the performance of the CMS high-level trigger system during LHC Run 2 for physics objects, such as leptons, jets, and missing transverse momentum, which meet the broad needs of the CMS physics program and the challenge of the evolving LHC and detector conditions. Sophisticated algorithms that were originally used in offline reconstruction were deployed online. Highlights include a machine-learning b tagging algorithm and a reconstruction algorithm for tau leptons that decay hadronically.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11021">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11021</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  </div> </div> </div>     <div tabindex="0" role="tabpanel" id="review-articles-tab" aria-labelledby="review-articles" hidden="hidden"> <div class=" reveal-container reveal-closed reveal-enabled reveal-container--jnl-tab"> <h2 class="tabpanel__title"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger event_tabs-accordion" aria-expanded="false"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg>Review articles</button> </h2> <div class="reveal-content tabpanel__content" style="display: none"> <p> <button data-reveal-label-alt="Close all abstracts" class="reveal-all-trigger mr-2 small" data-reveal-text="Open all abstracts" data-link-purpose-append="in this tab" data-link-purpose-append-open="in this tab"> Open all abstracts<span class="offscreen-hidden">, in this tab</span> </button> </p>  <div class="art-list"> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/17/07/C07016" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">Using machine learning for particle identification in ALICE</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> Łukasz Kamil Graczykowski <em>et al</em> 2022 <em>JINST</em> <b>17</b> C07016 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="Using machine learning for particle identification in ALICE" data-link-purpose-append-open="Using machine learning for particle identification in ALICE">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/17/07/C07016/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Using machine learning for particle identification in ALICE</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/17/07/C07016/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Using machine learning for particle identification in ALICE</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>Particle identification (PID) is one of the main strengths of the ALICE experiment at the LHC. It is a crucial ingredient for detailed studies of the strongly interacting matter formed in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. ALICE provides PID information via various experimental techniques, allowing for the identification of particles over a broad momentum range (from around 100 MeV/<i>c</i> to around 50 GeV/<i>c</i>). The main challenge is how to combine the information from various detectors effectively. Therefore, PID represents a model classification problem, which can be addressed using Machine Learning (ML) solutions. Moreover, the complexity of the detector and richness of the detection techniques make PID an interesting area of research also for the computer science community. In this work, we show the current status of the ML approach to PID in ALICE. We discuss the preliminary work with the Random Forest approach for the LHC Run 2 and a more advanced solution based on Domain Adaptation Neural Networks, including a proposal for its future implementation within the ALICE computing software for the upcoming LHC Run 3.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/07/C07016">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/07/C07016</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/17/01/C01052" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">Fast wave interferometer for ion density measurement on DIII-D</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> T. Akiyama <em>et al</em> 2022 <em>JINST</em> <b>17</b> C01052 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="Fast wave interferometer for ion density measurement on DIII-D" data-link-purpose-append-open="Fast wave interferometer for ion density measurement on DIII-D">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/17/01/C01052/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Fast wave interferometer for ion density measurement on DIII-D</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/17/01/C01052/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Fast wave interferometer for ion density measurement on DIII-D</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>A fast wave interferometer (FWI), which can measure ion mass density, has been developed on DIII-D for its use on future fusion reactors, as well as for the study of ion behavior in current plasma devices. The frequency of the fast waves used for the FWI is around 60 MHz, and require antennas and coaxial cables or waveguides, which, unlike traditional mirror-based optical interferometers, are less susceptible to neutron/gamma-ray radiation and are relatively immune to impurity deposition and erosion as well as alignment issues. The bulk ion density evaluated using FWI show good agreement with that derived from CO<sub>2</sub> interferometry within about 15%. When the ion mass density measurement by FWI is combined with an electron density measurement from CO<sub>2</sub> interferometry, <i>Z</i><sub>eff</sub> measurements are also enabled and are in agreement with those from visible Bremsstrahlung measurements. Additionally, large-bandwidth FWI measurements clearly resolve 10–100 kHz coherent modes and demonstrate its potential as a core fluctuation diagnostic, sensitive to both magnetic and ion density perturbations.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/01/C01052">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/01/C01052</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/16/10/C10004" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">Passive acoustic monitoring of cetaceans with KM3NeT acoustic receivers</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> C. Guidi <em>et al</em> 2021 <em>JINST</em> <b>16</b> C10004 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="Passive acoustic monitoring of cetaceans with KM3NeT acoustic receivers" data-link-purpose-append-open="Passive acoustic monitoring of cetaceans with KM3NeT acoustic receivers">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/16/10/C10004/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Passive acoustic monitoring of cetaceans with KM3NeT acoustic receivers</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/16/10/C10004/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Passive acoustic monitoring of cetaceans with KM3NeT acoustic receivers</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>KM3NeT (Cubic Kilometer Neutrino Telescope) is a research infrastructure that comprises two underwater neutrino detectors located at different sites in the Mediterranean Sea: KM3NeT-Fr (ORCA) (offshore the coast of Toulon, France, at a depth of around 2500 m) and KM3NeT-It (ARCA) (off Capo Passero, Sicily, Italy, at a depth of around 3500 m). The experiment consists of vertical structures, called strings, along which the optical modules are positioned. A hydrophone, located on the base of each string, is used for the reconstruction of the position of the KM3NeT elements with an accuracy of 10 cm. The presence of acoustic sensors in an underwater environment gives the opportunity to detect and study the sound emissions of marine mammals present in the area. The presented work describes the identification programs of the signals emitted by dolphins (clicks and whistles) and sperm whales (clicks) and the results of the analysis of real data collected between spring 2020 and spring 2021.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/16/10/C10004">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/16/10/C10004</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <div class="eyebrow"> <span class="offscreen-hidden">The following article is </span><span class="red">Open access</span> </div> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/16/07/T07013" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">Kinematics reconstruction of the EAS-like events registered by the TUS detector</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> S. Sharakin and O.I. Ruiz Hernandez 2021 <em>JINST</em> <b>16</b> T07013 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="Kinematics reconstruction of the EAS-like events registered by the TUS detector" data-link-purpose-append-open="Kinematics reconstruction of the EAS-like events registered by the TUS detector">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/16/07/T07013/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Kinematics reconstruction of the EAS-like events registered by the TUS detector</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/16/07/T07013/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Kinematics reconstruction of the EAS-like events registered by the TUS detector</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>The Tracking Ultraviolet Set-up (TUS) is the world's first orbital imaging detector of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR) and it operated in 2016–2017 as part of the scientific equipment of the Lomonosov satellite. The TUS was developed and manufactured as a prototype of the larger project K-EUSO with the main purpose of testing the efficiency of the method for measuring the ultraviolet signal of extensive air shower (EAS) in the Earth's night atmosphere. Despite the low spatial resolution (∼5 <b>×</b> 5 km<sup>2</sup> at sea level), several events were recorded which are very similar to EAS as for the signal profile and kinematics. Reconstruction of the parameters of such events is complicated by a short track length, an asymmetry of the image, and an uncertainty in the sensitivity distribution of the TUS channels. An advanced method was developed for the determination of event kinematic parameters including its arrival direction. In the present article, this method is applied for the analysis of 6 EAS-like events recorded by the TUS detector. All events have an out of space arrival direction with zenith angles less than 40°. Remarkably they were found to be over the land rather close to United States airports, which indicates a possible anthropogenic nature of the phenomenon. Detailed analysis revealed a correlation of the reconstructed tracks with direction to airport runways and Very High Frequency (VHF) omnidirectional range stations. The method developed here for reliable reconstruction of kinematic parameters of the track-like events, registered in low spatial resolution, will be useful in future space missions, such as K-EUSO.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/16/07/T07013">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/16/07/T07013</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/8/04/R04001" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">Liquid noble gas detectors for low energy particle physics</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> V Chepel and H Araújo 2013 <em>JINST</em> <b>8</b> R04001 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="Liquid noble gas detectors for low energy particle physics" data-link-purpose-append-open="Liquid noble gas detectors for low energy particle physics">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/8/04/R04001/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Liquid noble gas detectors for low energy particle physics</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/8/04/R04001/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Liquid noble gas detectors for low energy particle physics</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p> We review the current status of liquid noble gas radiation detectors with energy threshold in the keV range, which are of interest for direct dark matter searches, measurement of coherent neutrino scattering and other low energy particle physics experiments. Emphasis is given to the operation principles and the most important instrumentation aspects of these detectors, principally of those operated in the double-phase mode. Recent technological advances and relevant developments in photon detection and charge readout are discussed in the context of their applicability to those experiments.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/8/04/R04001">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/8/04/R04001</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  </div> </div> </div>           <div tabindex="0" role="tabpanel" id="open-access-articles-tab" aria-labelledby="open-access-articles" hidden="hidden"> <div class=" reveal-container reveal-closed reveal-enabled reveal-container--jnl-tab"> <h2 class="tabpanel__title"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger event_tabs-accordion" aria-expanded="false"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg>Open access</button> </h2> <div class="reveal-content tabpanel__content" style="display: none"> <p> <button data-reveal-label-alt="Close all abstracts" class="reveal-all-trigger mr-2 small" data-reveal-text="Open all abstracts" data-link-purpose-append="in this tab" data-link-purpose-append-open="in this tab"> Open all abstracts<span class="offscreen-hidden">, in this tab</span> </button> </p>  <div class="art-list"> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <div class="eyebrow"> <span class="offscreen-hidden">The following article is </span><span class="red">Open access</span> </div> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11013" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">ATLAS ITk-Pixel DAQ system</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> Wael Alkakhi and the ATLAS ITk collaboration 2024 <em>JINST</em> <b>19</b> C11013 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="ATLAS ITk-Pixel DAQ system" data-link-purpose-append-open="ATLAS ITk-Pixel DAQ system">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11013/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, ATLAS ITk-Pixel DAQ system</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11013/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, ATLAS ITk-Pixel DAQ system</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>During the ATLAS High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) upgrade, the current inner detector is going to be replaced by an all-silicon Inner Tracker (ITk). The pixel detector, located in the innermost part of the ITk, comprises 9716 modules arranged in 5 cylindrical layers around the beam line. The ITk-Pixel Data AcQuisition (DAQ) system basic read-out chain includes the YARR software, communicating with the FELIX PCIe board acting as an interface connected through lpGBT transceivers to the on-detector front-end (FE) chips ITkPix. The FEs are grouped in triplet (3-FE) and mostly in 4-FE Quad Modules (QM), that are installed on local supports, which are integral parts of the ITk structure. The FELIX system is also used for performing Quality Control (QC) tests during integration. The work describes the development steps and corresponding testing and read-out chain validation results. A representative read-out sub-system will be used to develop and validate the different aspects of the read-out chain. This subsystem can be a Loaded Local Support (LLS) comprising few tens of ITkPix QMs with serial powering (SP) and opto-box connection. In order to have the readout chain validated, developments on trigger and command sending and data reading of YARR FelixClient controller were consequently required, working first on a lab setup with a couple of ITkPix single chip cards (SCCs) and QMs. This step has been carried out successfully, paving the road to the next LLS sub-system readout test, once more QMs are available.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11013">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11013</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <div class="eyebrow"> <span class="offscreen-hidden">The following article is </span><span class="red">Open access</span> </div> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11021" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">Performance of the CMS high-level trigger during LHC Run 2</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> A. Hayrapetyan <em>et al</em> 2024 <em>JINST</em> <b>19</b> P11021 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="Performance of the CMS high-level trigger during LHC Run 2" data-link-purpose-append-open="Performance of the CMS high-level trigger during LHC Run 2">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11021/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Performance of the CMS high-level trigger during LHC Run 2</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11021/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Performance of the CMS high-level trigger during LHC Run 2</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>The CERN LHC provided proton and heavy ion collisions during its Run 2 operation period from 2015 to 2018. Proton-proton collisions reached a peak instantaneous luminosity of 2.1<b>×</b> 10<sup>34</sup> cm<sup>-2</sup>s<sup>-1</sup>, twice the initial design value, at √(<i>s</i>)=13 TeV. The CMS experiment records a subset of the collisions for further processing as part of its online selection of data for physics analyses, using a two-level trigger system: the Level-1 trigger, implemented in custom-designed electronics, and the high-level trigger, a streamlined version of the offline reconstruction software running on a large computer farm. This paper presents the performance of the CMS high-level trigger system during LHC Run 2 for physics objects, such as leptons, jets, and missing transverse momentum, which meet the broad needs of the CMS physics program and the challenge of the evolving LHC and detector conditions. Sophisticated algorithms that were originally used in offline reconstruction were deployed online. Highlights include a machine-learning b tagging algorithm and a reconstruction algorithm for tau leptons that decay hadronically.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11021">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11021</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <div class="eyebrow"> <span class="offscreen-hidden">The following article is </span><span class="red">Open access</span> </div> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11019" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">Performance study of a new LiCAF:Ce detector developed for high-efficient neutron detection in intense <i>γ</i>-ray fields</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> M. Kaburagi <em>et al</em> 2024 <em>JINST</em> <b>19</b> P11019 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="Performance study of a new LiCAF:Ce detector developed for high-efficient neutron detection in intense γ-ray fields" data-link-purpose-append-open="Performance study of a new LiCAF:Ce detector developed for high-efficient neutron detection in intense γ-ray fields">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11019/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Performance study of a new LiCAF:Ce detector developed for high-efficient neutron detection in intense γ-ray fields</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11019/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Performance study of a new LiCAF:Ce detector developed for high-efficient neutron detection in intense γ-ray fields</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>When detecting fast and thermal neutrons in intense<i>γ</i>-ray fields, it is challenging to discriminate between pulse signals due to neutron and <i>γ</i>-rays, even when using pulse-shape-discrimination techniques, because the trailing pulse signals overlap at high pulse rates. Some nuclear facilities have faced challenging problems for dispersed nuclear fuel (or nuclear fuel debris), radioactive wastes, and other radioactive materials during decommissioning. Particularly, high-efficiency neutron detection in intense <i>γ</i>-ray fields is required for exploring dispersed nuclear fuel and for criticality monitoring. LiCaAlF<sub>6</sub> (LiCAF):Ce has suitable properties of high <sup>6</sup>Li density and fast decay times for high-efficiency neutron detection in intense<i>γ</i>-ray fields. A new LiCAF:Ce detector with an ultra-thick (99 μm) crystal and optimized readout was developed. The neutron detection performance in an intense <i>γ</i>-ray field was investigated and compared to that using a Li glass (KG2) detector. The LiCAF:Ce and KG2 detectors were used to detect a sealed <sup>252</sup>Cf neutron source (neutron emission rate of ∼ 4.11 <b>×</b> 10<sup>5</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>) using a 5 cm thick high-density polyethylene (HDPE) block moderator located at the front of the detector. At the air kerma rates at the front surface of the HDPE block (<i>D<sub>s</sub></i>) of up to 1.07 Gy/h, the effective neutron count rate (<i>n</i><sub>eff</sub>) for the LiCAF:Ce detector was the same within margins of errors, but it decreased by 5.7 ± 0.8% at 2.97 Gy/h. In contrast, for the KG2 detector, with <i>D<sub>s</sub></i> increased up to 1.07 Gy/h, <i>n</i><sub>eff</sub> for KG2 increased up to 20 ± 1.0 % at 1.07 Gy/h. Then, <i>n</i><sub>eff</sub> decreased by 20 ± 1.0% at 2.97 Gy/h. Therefore, the LiCAF:Ce detector exhibited a smaller influence on neutron count rates by<i>γ</i>-rays compared to the KG2 detector because of the faster decay time and optimization of digital pulse processing. </p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11019">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11019</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <div class="eyebrow"> <span class="offscreen-hidden">The following article is </span><span class="red">Open access</span> </div> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11017" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">Predominantly electric storage ring with nuclear spin control capability</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> Richard Talman and John Talman 2024 <em>JINST</em> <b>19</b> P11017 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="Predominantly electric storage ring with nuclear spin control capability" data-link-purpose-append-open="Predominantly electric storage ring with nuclear spin control capability">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11017/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Predominantly electric storage ring with nuclear spin control capability</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11017/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Predominantly electric storage ring with nuclear spin control capability</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>A predominantly electric E&m storage ring, with weak superimposed magnetic bending, is shown to be capable of storing two different particle type bunches, such as helion (h) and deuteron (d), or h and electron (<i>e</i><sup>-</sup>), co-traveling with different velocities on the same central orbit. Rear-end collisions occurring periodically in a full acceptance particle detector/polarimeter, allow the (previously inaccessible) direct measurement of the spin dependence of nuclear transmutation for center of mass (CM) kinetic energies (KE) ranging from hundreds of keV up toward pion production thresholds. With the nuclear process occurring in a semi-relativistic moving frame, all initial and final state particles have convenient laboratory frame KEs in the tens to hundreds of MeV. The rear-end collisions occur as faster stored bunches pass through slower bunches. An inexpensive facility capable of meeting these requirements is described, with several nuclear channels as examples. Especially noteworthy are the e<sup>+/-</sup>-induced weak interaction triton (t) <i>β</i>-decay processes, t + <i>e</i><sup>+</sup> → h + <i>ν</i> and h + <i>e</i><sup>-</sup> → t + <i>ν</i>. Experimental capability of measurement of the spin dependence of the induced triton case is emphasized. For cosmological nuclear physics, the experimental improvement will be produced by the storage ring's capability to investigate the spin dependence of nuclear transmutation processes at reduced kinetic energies compared to what can be obtained with fixed target geometry.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11017">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11017</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <div class="eyebrow"> <span class="offscreen-hidden">The following article is </span><span class="red">Open access</span> </div> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/T11009" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">Development and commissioning of ion-optical elements for ion and antiproton beams with energies up to 5 keV</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> C. Klink <em>et al</em> 2024 <em>JINST</em> <b>19</b> T11009 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="Development and commissioning of ion-optical elements for ion and antiproton beams with energies up to 5 keV" data-link-purpose-append-open="Development and commissioning of ion-optical elements for ion and antiproton beams with energies up to 5 keV">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/T11009/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Development and commissioning of ion-optical elements for ion and antiproton beams with energies up to 5 keV</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/T11009/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Development and commissioning of ion-optical elements for ion and antiproton beams with energies up to 5 keV</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>In nuclear and atomic physics experiments, charged ion beams often need to be guided from the ion production to the experimental site. In the PUMA experiment, an ion source beamline was developed, which can be operated with up to 5 keV beam energy at a base pressure of 10<sup>-9</sup> mbar or better. In this technical report, a low-energy pulsed drift tube for beam energy modification, a hybrid einzel lens assembly for beam focusing and steering and an iris shutter assembly for separating beamline sections with different vacuum requirements are described with their design principles and performances.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/T11009">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/T11009</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <div class="eyebrow"> <span class="offscreen-hidden">The following article is </span><span class="red">Open access</span> </div> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11011" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">Design and evaluation of UKRI-MPW0: a monolithic HV-CMOS pixel sensor with backside biasing</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> C. Zhang <em>et al</em> 2024 <em>JINST</em> <b>19</b> P11011 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="Design and evaluation of UKRI-MPW0: a monolithic HV-CMOS pixel sensor with backside biasing" data-link-purpose-append-open="Design and evaluation of UKRI-MPW0: a monolithic HV-CMOS pixel sensor with backside biasing">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11011/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Design and evaluation of UKRI-MPW0: a monolithic HV-CMOS pixel sensor with backside biasing</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11011/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Design and evaluation of UKRI-MPW0: a monolithic HV-CMOS pixel sensor with backside biasing</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>High-Voltage CMOS (HV-CMOS) pixel sensor technology is the most promising route for achieving thin, monolithic pixel detectors with excellent radiation tolerance, as required by future tracking applications in physics experiments, such as the High Luminosity LHC. This paper introduces a U.K. Research and Innovation funded Multi-Project Wafer prototype chip UKRI-MPW0, which is an HV-CMOS pixel sensor designed to push the performance parameters of these detectors. Having a novel sensor cross-section optimised for backside biasing to unprecedented high voltages, UKRI-MPW0 demonstrates the capability to withstand bias voltages of up to 600 V, surpassing the current state-of-the-art and promising enhanced radiation tolerance. The paper provides a detailed description of the design and performance evaluation results of UKRI-MPW0.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11011">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11011</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <div class="eyebrow"> <span class="offscreen-hidden">The following article is </span><span class="red">Open access</span> </div> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11012" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">Study of charging-up of PCB planes for neutrino experiment readout</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> B. Baibussinov <em>et al</em> 2024 <em>JINST</em> <b>19</b> P11012 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="Study of charging-up of PCB planes for neutrino experiment readout" data-link-purpose-append-open="Study of charging-up of PCB planes for neutrino experiment readout">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11012/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Study of charging-up of PCB planes for neutrino experiment readout</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11012/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Study of charging-up of PCB planes for neutrino experiment readout</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>The use of double-faced, metallized, perforated PCB planes, segmented into strips for the anodic read-out of ionization signals in liquid argon TPCs, is emerging as a promising technology for charge readout in liquid argon TPCs used in large volume detectors.As a proof of concept, a prototype liquid Argon TPC hosting this new anode configuration based on single side perforated PCB planes has been constructed and exposed to cosmic rays at LNL in Italy. Tests were performed with both the metallized and insulating sides of the anode facing the drift volume, providing the first evidence of the focusing effect on drift electron trajectories through the PCB holes due to charge accumulation on the insulator surface.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11012">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11012</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <div class="eyebrow"> <span class="offscreen-hidden">The following article is </span><span class="red">Open access</span> </div> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11015" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">Machine learning for reducing noise in RF control signals at industrial accelerators</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> M. Henderson <em>et al</em> 2024 <em>JINST</em> <b>19</b> P11015 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="Machine learning for reducing noise in RF control signals at industrial accelerators" data-link-purpose-append-open="Machine learning for reducing noise in RF control signals at industrial accelerators">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11015/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Machine learning for reducing noise in RF control signals at industrial accelerators</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11015/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Machine learning for reducing noise in RF control signals at industrial accelerators</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>Industrial particle accelerators typically operate in dirtier environments than research accelerators, leading to increased noise in RF and electronic systems. Furthermore, given that industrial accelerators are mass produced, less attention is given to optimizing the performance of individual systems. As a result, industrial accelerators tend to underperform their own hardware capabilities. Improving signal processing for these machines will improve cost and time margins for deployment, helping to meet the growing demand for accelerators for medical sterilization, food irradiation, cancer treatment, and imaging. Our work focuses on using machine learning techniques to reduce noise in RF signals used for pulse-to-pulse feedback in industrial accelerators. Here we review our algorithms and observed results for simulated RF systems, and discuss next steps with the ultimate goal of deployment on industrial systems.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11015">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/P11015</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <div class="eyebrow"> <span class="offscreen-hidden">The following article is </span><span class="red">Open access</span> </div> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11005" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">The scintillating fiber tracker of the <i>Ziré</i> detector on the NUSES space mission</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> R. Pillera and the NUSES collaboration 2024 <em>JINST</em> <b>19</b> C11005 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="The scintillating fiber tracker of the Ziré detector on the NUSES space mission" data-link-purpose-append-open="The scintillating fiber tracker of the Ziré detector on the NUSES space mission">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11005/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, The scintillating fiber tracker of the Ziré detector on the NUSES space mission</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11005/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, The scintillating fiber tracker of the Ziré detector on the NUSES space mission</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>NUSES is a pathfinder satellite to be deployed in low Earth orbit, equipped with new technologies for space-based detectors. It will carry two payloads: <i>Terzina</i>, for detecting ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray and neutrino air showers, and <i>Ziré</i>, for measuring low energy cosmic rays and gamma rays. Zirè includes several subdetectors: a Fiber TracKer (FTK), a Plastic Scintillator Tower (PST), a calorimeter (CALOg), an AntiCoincidence System (ACS), and a Low Energy Module (LEM). The majority of <i>Ziré</i> will be based on scintillators with Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) readout. The FTK is based on thin scintillating fibers readout by SiPM arrays. We assembled several fiber tracker prototypes and tested them with custom developed Front-End Boards (FEBs) based on PETIROC2A and CITIROC. A full, reduced scale protptype of <i>Ziré</i>, <i>Zirettino</i> was designed and assembled. The FTK prototypes and <i>Zirettino</i> were tested in the laboratory and at the CERN PS and SPS facilities.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11005">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11005</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="art-list-item reveal-container reveal-closed"> <div class="art-list-item-body"> <div class="eyebrow"> <span class="offscreen-hidden">The following article is </span><span class="red">Open access</span> </div> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11006" class="art-list-item-title event_main-link">Laboratory and beam-test performance study of a 55 µm pitch iLGAD sensor bonded to a Timepix3 readout chip</a> <p class="small art-list-item-meta"> P. Svihra <em>et al</em> 2024 <em>JINST</em> <b>19</b> C11006 </p> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-upper"> <button type="button" class="reveal-trigger mr-2 nowrap"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fa-icon fa-icon--left fa-icon--flip" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path d="M137.4 374.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c9.2-9.2 11.9-22.9 6.9-34.9s-16.6-19.8-29.6-19.8L32 192c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9l128 128z"/></svg><span class="reveal-trigger-label" data-reveal-text="Open abstract" data-reveal-label-alt="Close abstract" data-link-purpose-append="Laboratory and beam-test performance study of a 55 µm pitch iLGAD sensor bonded to a Timepix3 readout chip" data-link-purpose-append-open="Laboratory and beam-test performance study of a 55 µm pitch iLGAD sensor bonded to a Timepix3 readout chip">Open abstract</span> </button> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11006/meta" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="View article"> <span class="icon-article"></span>View article<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Laboratory and beam-test performance study of a 55 µm pitch iLGAD sensor bonded to a Timepix3 readout chip</span></a> <a href="/article/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11006/pdf" class="mr-2 mb-0 nowrap event_mini-link" data-event-action="PDF"><span class="icon-file-pdf"></span>PDF<span class="offscreen-hidden">, Laboratory and beam-test performance study of a 55 µm pitch iLGAD sensor bonded to a Timepix3 readout chip</span></a> </div> <div class="reveal-content"> <div class="article-text view-text-small"><p>This contribution reports on characterisation results of a large-area (2 cm<sup>2</sup>) small pitch (55 µm) inverse Low-Gain Avalanche Detector (iLGAD), bonded to a Timepix3 readout chip. The ilGAD sensors were produced by Micron Semiconductor Ltd with the goal to obtain good gain uniformity and maximise the fill-factor — an issue present with standard small-pitch LGAD designs. We have conducted detailed performance evaluations using both X-ray calibrations and beam tests. An X-ray fluorescence setup has been used to obtain energy calibration and to identify the optimal operating settings of the new devices, whereas the extensive beam tests allowed for a detailed evaluation of the detector performance. The beam-tests were performed at the CERN SPS North Area H6 beamline, using a 120 GeV/c pion beam. The reference tracking and time-stamping is achieved by a Timepix3-based beam telescope setup. The results show a gain of around 5 with very good uniformity, measured across the whole gain area, as well as a hit time resolution down to 1.3 ns without correcting for the time-walk effects. Furthermore, it is shown that the gain opens the possibility of a good X-ray energy resolution down to 4.5 keV.</p></div> <div class="art-list-item-tools small wd-abstr-lower"> <a class="mr-2" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11006">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/C11006</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <p> <a href="/nsearch?currentPage=1&terms=&nextPage=2&previousPage=-1&searchDatePeriod=anytime&journals=1748-0221&accessType=open-access&orderBy=newest&pageLength=20">More Open Access articles</a> </p> </div> </div> </div>    </div>    <aside aria-label="Main column advert"> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1562594774007-0' style='width: 728px; height: 90px; display: block;'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1562594774007-0'); }); </script> </div> </aside>   </div>  </div> </main> <div class="db2 tb2"> <div class="side-and-below">  <div class="sidebar-list" id="wd-jnl-links"> <h2 class="sidebar-list__heading">Journal links</h2> <ul class="sidebar-list__list"><li><a href="https://jinst.sissa.it/jinst/help/helpLoader.jsp?pgType=author"><b>Submit an article</b></a></li> <li><a href="/1748-0221/page/about-the-journal">About the journal</a></li> <li><a href="/1748-0221/page/editorial-board">Editorial Board</a></li> <li><a href="https://jinst.sissa.it/jinst/help/helpLoader.jsp?pgType=author">Author guidelines</a></li> <li><a href="/1748-0221/page/publication-charges">Publication charges</a></li> <li><a href="/1748-0221/page/news-and-editorial">News and editorial</a></li> <li><a href="/1748-0221/page/journal-collections">Journal collections</a></li> <li><a href="https://ioppublishing.org/librarians/">Pricing and ordering</a></a></li> <li><a href="/1748-0221/page/contact-us">Contact us</a></li></ul> </div>    <aside role="complementary" aria-label="Right sidebar adverts"> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1669279847892-0' style='min-width: 160px; 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