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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Route numbering systems</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Route_numbering_systems-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Route numbering systems subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Route_numbering_systems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-National_Routes_and_Highways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_Routes_and_Highways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>National Routes and Highways</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_Routes_and_Highways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-State_Routes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#State_Routes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>State Routes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-State_Routes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Metroads" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Metroads"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Metroads</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Metroads-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alphanumeric_routes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alphanumeric_routes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Alphanumeric routes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alphanumeric_routes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prefix_letters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_letters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>Prefix letters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_letters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Classification" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classification"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Classification</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Classification-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Classification subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Classification-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Australian_Capital_Territory" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Australian_Capital_Territory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Australian Capital Territory</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Australian_Capital_Territory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_South_Wales" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_South_Wales"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>New South Wales</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_South_Wales-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Northern_Territory" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Northern_Territory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Northern Territory</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Northern_Territory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Queensland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Queensland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Queensland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Queensland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>South Australia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tasmania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tasmania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Tasmania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tasmania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Victoria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Victoria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Victoria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Victoria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Western_Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Western_Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>Western Australia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Western_Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Federally_funded_highways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Federally_funded_highways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Federally funded highways</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Federally_funded_highways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highways_in_Australien" title="Highways in Australien – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Highways in Australien" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="بزرگراه‌های استرالیا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بزرگراه‌های استرالیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_des_autoroutes_d%27Australie" title="Liste des autoroutes d'Australie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Liste des autoroutes d'Australie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%A9%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%81%AE%E5%B9%B9%E7%B7%9A%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF" title="オーストラリアの幹線道路 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オーストラリアの幹線道路" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klasy_i_kategorie_dr%C3%B3g_w_Australii" title="Klasy i kategorie dróg w Australii – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Klasy i kategorie dróg w Australii" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" 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<div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Freeways_in_Australia" title="Freeways in Australia">Freeways in Australia</a></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tuggeranong_Parkway.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Tuggeranong_Parkway.jpg/250px-Tuggeranong_Parkway.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Tuggeranong_Parkway.jpg/375px-Tuggeranong_Parkway.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Tuggeranong_Parkway.jpg/500px-Tuggeranong_Parkway.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4129" data-file-height="2615" /></a><figcaption>Aerial view of <a href="/wiki/Tuggeranong_Parkway" title="Tuggeranong Parkway">Tuggeranong Parkway</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Capital_Territory" title="Australian Capital Territory">Australian Capital Territory</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Deer_Park_Bypass_eastbound_at_Western_Ring_Road.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Deer_Park_Bypass_eastbound_at_Western_Ring_Road.jpg/250px-Deer_Park_Bypass_eastbound_at_Western_Ring_Road.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Deer_Park_Bypass_eastbound_at_Western_Ring_Road.jpg/375px-Deer_Park_Bypass_eastbound_at_Western_Ring_Road.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Deer_Park_Bypass_eastbound_at_Western_Ring_Road.jpg/500px-Deer_Park_Bypass_eastbound_at_Western_Ring_Road.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a><figcaption>Deer Park Bypass on the <a href="/wiki/Western_Freeway_(Victoria)" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Freeway (Victoria)">Western Freeway</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tasman-hwy-warrane.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Tasman-hwy-warrane.jpg/250px-Tasman-hwy-warrane.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Tasman-hwy-warrane.jpg/375px-Tasman-hwy-warrane.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Tasman-hwy-warrane.jpg/500px-Tasman-hwy-warrane.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Tasman_Highway" title="Tasman Highway">Tasman Highway</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Highways in Australia</b> are generally high capacity roads managed by <a href="/wiki/States_and_territories_of_Australia" title="States and territories of Australia">state and territory</a> government agencies, though <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>'s federal government contributes funding for important links between capital cities and major regional centres. Prior to European settlement, the earliest needs for trade and travel were met by narrow bush tracks, used by tribes of <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Australians" title="Indigenous Australians">Indigenous Australians</a>. The formal construction of roads began in 1788, after the founding of the colony of <a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales" title="New South Wales">New South Wales</a>, and a network of three major roads across the colony emerged by the 1820s. Similar road networks were established in the other <a href="/wiki/Australian_Colonies" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Colonies">colonies of Australia</a>. Road construction programs in the early 19th century were generally underfunded, as they were dependent on government budgets, loans, and tolls; while there was a huge increase in road usage, due to the <a href="/wiki/Australian_gold_rushes" title="Australian gold rushes">Australian gold rushes</a>. <a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Australia" title="Local government in Australia">Local government authorities</a>, often known as Road Boards, were therefore established to be primarily responsible for funding and undertaking road construction and maintenance. The early 1900s saw both the increasingly widespread use of motorised transportation, and the creation of state road authorities in each state, between 1913 and 1926. These authorities managed each state's road network, with the main arterial roads controlled and maintained by the state, and other roads remaining the responsibility of local governments. The federal government became involved in road funding in the 1920s, distributing funding to the states. The <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">depression of the 1930s</a> slowed the funding and development of the major road network until the onset on <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. Supply roads leading to the north of the country were considered vital, resulting in the construction of <a href="/wiki/Barkly_Highway" title="Barkly Highway">Barkly</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Highway" title="Stuart Highway">Stuart</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Eyre_Highway" title="Eyre Highway">Eyre</a> Highways. </p><p>The decades following the war saw substantial improvements to the network, with freeways established in cities, many major highways sealed, development of roads in northern Queensland and Western Australia under the Beef Cattle Roads Grants Acts, and interstate routes between <a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a> and <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a> upgraded. In 1974, the federal government assumed responsibility for funding the nations most important road links, between state and territory capitals cities, which were declared National Highways. Some sections of the 16,000-kilometre-long (9,900 mi) National Highway system were no more than dirt tracks, while others were four lane dual carriageways. The network was gradually improved, and by 1989, all <a href="/wiki/Gravel_road" title="Gravel road">gravel road</a> sections had been <a href="/wiki/Road_surface" title="Road surface">sealed</a>. In the following decades, the National Highway system was amended through legislation, and was eventually superseded in 2005 by the broader National Land Transport Network, which included connections to major commercial centres, and <a href="/wiki/Intermodal_freight_transport" title="Intermodal freight transport">intermodal freight transport</a> facilities. </p><p>The first route marking system was introduced in the 1950s by the Conference of State Road Authorities, which later became the National Association of Australian State Road Authorities (NAASRA) and then <a href="/wiki/Austroads" title="Austroads">Austroads</a>. National Routes were assigned to significant interstate routes "which, both now and in the future, comprise the more important arteries of road communications throughout Australia in all its aspects".<sup id="cite_ref-NAASRA_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NAASRA-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> East–west routes were planned to have even numbers, increasing from south to north, while north–south routes would have odd numbers, with numbers increasing from east to west. National Route 1 would be an exception, as a "circumferential route along the coastline of Australia".<sup id="cite_ref-NAASRA_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NAASRA-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A state route marking systems was designed to supplement the national system, for inter-regional and urban routes within states. Each state could choose their own numbering scheme, as long as National Route and State Route numbers were not duplicated in the same state, or nearby routes in another state.<sup id="cite_ref-NAASRA_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NAASRA-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the National Highway system was introduced, National Routes along it became National Highway routes with the same numbers, but with distinctive green and gold route markers. During the 1990s, planning began for a new alphanumeric route system.<sup id="cite_ref-Austroads97_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Austroads97-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alphanumeric routes have been introduced in most states and territories in Australia, partially or completely replacing the previous systems.<sup id="cite_ref-Roads_And_Maritime_Services_9_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roads_And_Maritime_Services_9-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highways_in_Australia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The earliest needs for trade and travel were met by narrow bush tracks, used by tribes of <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Australian" class="mw-redirect" title="Indigenous Australian">Indigenous Australian</a> prior to European settlement. The formal construction of <a href="/wiki/Road" title="Road">roads</a> began in 1788, after the founding of the colony of New South Wales. These roads were little more than cleared paths, constructed without <a href="/wiki/Grading_(engineering)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grading (engineering)">grading</a>, <a href="/wiki/Drainage" title="Drainage">drainage systems</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Road_surface" title="Road surface">road surfaces</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-history_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There was no system wide planning for roads, with the Surveyor-General's 1788 proposed town plan dismissed as being too ostentatious; however, the arrival of <a href="/wiki/Governor_Macquarie" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor Macquarie">Governor Macquarie</a> in 1810 led to a planned system for roads and bridges, prior to actual settlement of areas, financed from government funds, public subscription, and tolls. By the end of his term in 1822, the colony had a network of three major roads, with the <a href="/wiki/Great_Western_Highway" title="Great Western Highway">Great Western Road</a> as the most important link, traversing the <a href="/wiki/Blue_Mountains_(New_South_Wales)" title="Blue Mountains (New South Wales)">Blue Mountains</a> from <a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a> to <a href="/wiki/Bathurst,_New_South_Wales" title="Bathurst, New South Wales">Bathurst</a>. Similar road networks were established in the other colonies of Australia.<sup id="cite_ref-yearbook1974_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yearbook1974-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Road construction programs in the early 19th century were generally underfunded, as they were dependent on government budgets, loans, tolls and public subscription. This problem was exacerbated by the huge increase in road usage, due to the <a href="/wiki/Australian_gold_rushes" title="Australian gold rushes">Australian gold rushes</a>. <a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Australia" title="Local government in Australia">Local government</a> authorities were therefore established as authorities primarily responsible for funding and undertaking road construction and maintenance. The increasing amount of motorised transportation in the early 1900s lead to another major increase in traffic levels. The vehicles also required higher standard of roads.<sup id="cite_ref-yearbook1974_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yearbook1974-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> State road authorities were established in each state between 1913 and 1926.<sup id="cite_ref-history_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-yearbook1974_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yearbook1974-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These authorities managed each state's road network, with the main arterial roads controlled and maintained by the state, and other roads remaining the responsibility of local governments. Though legislation differed in each state, highways were generally established as a subset of state controlled roads, which were the most important links between major cities, towns, and regional centres. </p><p>The federal government became involved in road funding in the 1920s. The Public Works Act was passed in 1922, which distributed $500,000 to the states according to population levels, conditional on states matching funding on a "dollar for dollar basis". The funds were specifically aimed at maintenance of roads outside of metropolitan cities, and state expenditure needed federal government approval; however, the primary purpose of the act was to reduce unemployment.<sup id="cite_ref-history_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-yearbook1974_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yearbook1974-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Main Roads Development Act of 1923 made $1 million available for road construction,<sup id="cite_ref-history_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and specific road projects were funded under the Federal Aid Roads Act of 1926.<sup id="cite_ref-yearbook1974_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yearbook1974-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1931 Federal Aid Roads Act removed matching conditions, and were less restrictive on the way the money was used due to poor economic conditions resulting from the depression of the 1930s. Funding conditions remained at this lower level until 1959.<sup id="cite_ref-yearbook1974_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yearbook1974-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The depression of the 1930s slowed the funding and development of the major road network until the onset on <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. Supply roads leading to the north of the country were considered vital, leading to the construction of <a href="/wiki/Barkly_Highway" title="Barkly Highway">Barkly</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Highway" title="Stuart Highway">Stuart</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Eyre_Highway" title="Eyre Highway">Eyre</a> highways. Over 960 kilometres of the Stuart Highway, from <a href="/wiki/Tennant_Creek,_Northern_Territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Tennant Creek, Northern Territory">Tennant Creek</a> to <a href="/wiki/Darwin,_Northern_Territory" title="Darwin, Northern Territory">Darwin</a>, was upgraded from an often impassable track to an all-weather sealed highway that could cope with heavy military traffic. The Eyre Highway across the Nullarbor was formed just by grading the surface material.<sup id="cite_ref-history_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-yearbook1974_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yearbook1974-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The decades following the war saw substantial improvements to the network, with freeways established in cities, many major highways sealed, development of roads in northern Queensland and Western Australia under the Beef Cattle Roads Grants Acts. The interstate routes between Sydney and Melbourne were upgraded with the first four lane dual carriageway section of the <a href="/wiki/Hume_Highway" title="Hume Highway">Hume Highway</a> opening in 1961, and the completed sealing of the <a href="/wiki/Princes_Highway" title="Princes Highway">Princes Highway</a> between the two cities in 1966. Large mining developments in the Pilbara region of Western Australia were undertaken lead to the improvement of the <a href="/wiki/North_West_Coastal_Highway" title="North West Coastal Highway">North West Coastal Highway</a> from Carnarvon to Port Hedland, a project that involved building 30 bridges in a decade.<sup id="cite_ref-history_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1974, the federal government assumed responsibility for funding the nations most important road links. Under the National Roads Act 1974, the most important roads between state and territory capitals cities were declared National Highways. The federal government fully funded construction and maintenance works undertaken by the states on these roads.<sup id="cite_ref-history_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 16,000 kilometres (9,900 mi) of roads included in the original National Highway system varied greatly in quality. Some sections were no more than dirt tracks, whilst others were four lane dual carriageways. While 12,496 kilometres (7,765 mi) was sealed, there was also 3,807 kilometres (2,366 mi) of gravel roads. The National Highway was gradually improved, with the sealed proportion increased from 73 per cent in the early 1970s to 88 per cent by 1981. The sealing works were completed in 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-ANAO_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ANAO-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 21–23">: 21–23 </span></sup> </p><p>In 1988, the National Highway became redefined under the Australian Land Transport Development (ALTD) Act of 1988,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which had various amendments up to 2003. The 1988 Act also defined a category of "Road of National Importance", which were partly funded by federal government. The Introduction of the AusLink (National Land Transport) Act in 2005 superseded the National Highway and Roads of National Importance classifications, which were replaced by the National Land Transport Network. The criteria for inclusion in the network was similar to the previous legislation, but expanded to include connections to major commercial centres, and <a href="/wiki/Intermodal_freight_transport" title="Intermodal freight transport">inter-modal freight transport facilities</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All of the roads included in National Land Transport Network as of 2005 were formally defined by regulation in October 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Auslink has since been replaced with subsequent legislation under the federal government's Nation Building Program, which includes the National Land Transport Network.<sup id="cite_ref-austlii1_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-austlii1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The National Highways road routes developed under the former system are still designated as National Highways on route markers and road guidance signs. However, the new alphanumeric route numbering system introduced to New South Wales and the ACT in 2013 does not distinguish between the former National Highways and other routes. VicRoads have, as of September 2013, similarly deprecated the National Highway route marker in favour of standard routes.<sup id="cite_ref-VicRoads_Sep_2013_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VicRoads_Sep_2013-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Route_numbering_systems">Route numbering systems</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highways_in_Australia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Route numbering systems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Roads routes in Australia assist drivers navigating roads throughout the country, by identifying important through-routes. The first route marking system was introduced to Australia in the 1950s. National Routes were assigned to significant interstate routes – the most important road links in the country. National Route 1 was designated to a circular route around the Australian coastline. A state route marking system was designed to supplement the national system, for inter-regional and urban routes within states.<sup id="cite_ref-NAASRA_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NAASRA-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the National Highway system was introduced, National Routes along it became National Highway routes with the same numbers, but with distinctive green and gold route markers. Alphanumeric routes were introduced in Tasmania in 1979,<sup id="cite_ref-TRRC_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TRRC-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and during the 1990s, planning began for nationally consistent route markings, using the alphanumeric system.<sup id="cite_ref-Austroads97_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Austroads97-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alphanumeric routes have been introduced in most states and territories in Australia, partially or completely replacing the previous systems.<sup id="cite_ref-Roads_And_Maritime_Services_9_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roads_And_Maritime_Services_9-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" align="center" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"> <caption>Route types currently in use by State/Territory </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">State/Territory </th> <th scope="col" style="vertical-align:top;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_A1.svg/37px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_A1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="37" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_A1.svg/56px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_A1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_A1.svg/74px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_A1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="150" /></span></span><br />Alphanumeric </th> <th scope="col" style="vertical-align:top;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Australian_national_highway_A1.svg/32px-Australian_national_highway_A1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Australian_national_highway_A1.svg/49px-Australian_national_highway_A1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Australian_national_highway_A1.svg/64px-Australian_national_highway_A1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="360" /></span></span><br />National Highway<br />(alphanumeric) </th> <th scope="col" style="vertical-align:top;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Australian_national_highway_1.svg/21px-Australian_national_highway_1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Australian_national_highway_1.svg/33px-Australian_national_highway_1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Australian_national_highway_1.svg/43px-Australian_national_highway_1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="310" data-file-height="360" /></span></span><br />National Highway<br />(numeric) </th> <th scope="col" style="vertical-align:top;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Australian_national_route_1.svg/21px-Australian_national_route_1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Australian_national_route_1.svg/33px-Australian_national_route_1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Australian_national_route_1.svg/43px-Australian_national_route_1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="311" data-file-height="361" /></span></span><br />National Routes </th> <th scope="col" style="vertical-align:top;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Australian_state_route_1.svg/26px-Australian_state_route_1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Australian_state_route_1.svg/40px-Australian_state_route_1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Australian_state_route_1.svg/52px-Australian_state_route_1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="376" data-file-height="361" /></span></span><br />State Routes </th> <th scope="col" style="vertical-align:top;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/AUS_Metroad_1.svg/25px-AUS_Metroad_1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/AUS_Metroad_1.svg/38px-AUS_Metroad_1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/AUS_Metroad_1.svg/50px-AUS_Metroad_1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="501" data-file-height="501" /></span></span><br />Metroad </th> <th scope="col" style="vertical-align:top;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Australian_Tourist_Drive_1.svg/25px-Australian_Tourist_Drive_1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Australian_Tourist_Drive_1.svg/38px-Australian_Tourist_Drive_1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Australian_Tourist_Drive_1.svg/50px-Australian_Tourist_Drive_1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="501" data-file-height="501" /></span></span><br />Tourist Drive </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Australian Capital Territory </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Partial<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">New South Wales </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Northern Territory </th> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Partial<sup id="cite_ref-NT_alpha_partial_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NT_alpha_partial-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Partial<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Partial<sup id="cite_ref-NTalphanum_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NTalphanum-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Partial<sup id="cite_ref-NTalphanum_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NTalphanum-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Queensland </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Partial<sup id="cite_ref-Phaseout_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Phaseout-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Partial<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>g<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Partial<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>h<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">South Australia </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Partial<sup id="cite_ref-Phaseout_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Phaseout-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Tasmania </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Partial<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Victoria </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Partial<sup id="cite_ref-Phaseout_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Phaseout-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Partial<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>j<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Partial<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>k<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Western Australia </th> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_Routes_and_Highways">National Routes and Highways</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highways_in_Australia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: National Routes and Highways"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:100px;max-width:100px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Route markers</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:82px;max-width:82px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Australian_national_highway_1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="National Highway shield" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Australian_national_highway_1.svg/80px-Australian_national_highway_1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Australian_national_highway_1.svg/120px-Australian_national_highway_1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Australian_national_highway_1.svg/160px-Australian_national_highway_1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="310" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">National Highway 1</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:82px;max-width:82px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Australian_national_route_13.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="National Route shield" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Australian_national_route_13.svg/80px-Australian_national_route_13.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Australian_national_route_13.svg/120px-Australian_national_route_13.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Australian_national_route_13.svg/160px-Australian_national_route_13.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="311" data-file-height="361" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">National Route 13</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:82px;max-width:82px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Australian_state_route_66.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="State Route shield" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Australian_state_route_66.svg/80px-Australian_state_route_66.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Australian_state_route_66.svg/120px-Australian_state_route_66.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Australian_state_route_66.svg/160px-Australian_state_route_66.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="376" data-file-height="361" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">State Route 66</div></div></div></div></div> <p>In 1955, the Australian National Route <a href="/wiki/Numbering_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Numbering System">Numbering System</a> was introduced to simplify navigation across Australia. The National Route Numbers are marked by white shields that are present in directional signs, distance signs or trailblazers. The general rule was that odd-numbered highways travel in north–south directions and even-numbered highways in east–west directions, with only a few exceptions. <a href="/wiki/Highway_1_(Australia)" title="Highway 1 (Australia)">National Route 1</a> was assigned to a network of highways and roads, which together linked all capital cities and coastal towns circumnavigating the mainland. The National Route system initially linked the centres of towns and cities and terminated at the junction of other national routes, however many bypasses have been constructed since then. National Routes often terminated at the metropolitan city limits rather than the individual city centres.<sup id="cite_ref-NAASRA_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NAASRA-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1974, the federal government assumed responsibility for funding the nations most important road links, with the introduction of the <a href="/wiki/National_Highway_(Australia)" title="National Highway (Australia)">National Highway</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-history_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These highways were marked with distinctive green and gold route marker shields instead of the plain National Route shield. Though the National Highway system has been superseded in subsequent legislation, National Highway route markers are still used on many of the routes. Additionally, National Highways and National Routes have been phased out, or are in the process of being phased out, in all states and territories except Western Australia, in favour of the alphanumeric system.<sup id="cite_ref-Roads_and_Maritime_Services_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roads_and_Maritime_Services-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Queensland_Department_of_Transport_and_Main_Roads_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Queensland_Department_of_Transport_and_Main_Roads-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MRWA_signs_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MRWA_signs-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="State_Routes">State Routes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highways_in_Australia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: State Routes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Important urban and inter-regional routes not covered by the National Highway or National Route systems are marked under the State Route system. They can be recognised by blue shield markers. They were practically adopted in all states by the end of the 1980s, and in some states, some less important National Routes were downgraded to State Routes. Each state has or had its own numbering scheme, but do not duplicate National Route numbers in the same state, or nearby routes in another state.<sup id="cite_ref-NAASRA_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NAASRA-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As with the National Routes and National Highways, State Routes are being phased out in most states and territories in favour of alphanumeric routes.<sup id="cite_ref-Roads_and_Maritime_Services_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roads_and_Maritime_Services-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Queensland_Department_of_Transport_and_Main_Roads_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Queensland_Department_of_Transport_and_Main_Roads-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MRWA_signs_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MRWA_signs-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RMS_alpha_QandA_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RMS_alpha_QandA-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, despite the fact that Victoria has fully adopted alphanumeric routes in regional areas, state route numbers are still used extensively within the city of Melbourne as a part of its <a href="/wiki/List_of_old_road_routes_in_Victoria" class="mw-redirect" title="List of old road routes in Victoria">Metropolitan Route Numbering Scheme</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-VicRoads_signs_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VicRoads_signs-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Metroads">Metroads</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highways_in_Australia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Metroads"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AUS_Metroad_5.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/AUS_Metroad_5.svg/80px-AUS_Metroad_5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/AUS_Metroad_5.svg/120px-AUS_Metroad_5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/AUS_Metroad_5.svg/160px-AUS_Metroad_5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="501" data-file-height="501" /></a><figcaption>Metroad route marker; no longer in full use and completely replaced in Sydney</figcaption></figure> <p>In the 1990s in Sydney and Brisbane, urban route numbering system were streamlined under the <a href="/wiki/Metroad" title="Metroad">Metroad</a> scheme. Metroad route numbers were assigned to the key navigational corridors, along <a href="/wiki/Ring_road" title="Ring road">ring</a> and radial routes, and marked by distinctive hexagonal shields.<sup id="cite_ref-RMS_alpha_QandA_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RMS_alpha_QandA-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most Metroads have been partially replaced with alphanumeric routes in Brisbane, and they have been completely replaced in Sydney.<sup id="cite_ref-RMS_alpha_QandA_27-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RMS_alpha_QandA-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alphanumeric_routes">Alphanumeric routes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highways_in_Australia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Alphanumeric routes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:100px;max-width:100px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Alphanumeric markers</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:82px;max-width:82px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Australian_national_highway_M80.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Alphanumeric National Highway shield" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Australian_national_highway_M80.svg/80px-Australian_national_highway_M80.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Australian_national_highway_M80.svg/120px-Australian_national_highway_M80.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Australian_national_highway_M80.svg/160px-Australian_national_highway_M80.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Alphanumeric, National Highway (old signs in QLD, SA and VIC)</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:82px;max-width:82px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_B83.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Alphanumeric State Route sign" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_B83.svg/80px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_B83.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_B83.svg/120px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_B83.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_B83.svg/160px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_B83.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="151" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Alphanumeric, borderless (ACT, NSW, QLD, SA, TAS & VIC)</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:82px;max-width:82px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:New_South_Wales_alphanumeric_route_A22.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="NSW Alphanumeric Route sign" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/New_South_Wales_alphanumeric_route_A22.svg/80px-New_South_Wales_alphanumeric_route_A22.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/New_South_Wales_alphanumeric_route_A22.svg/120px-New_South_Wales_alphanumeric_route_A22.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/New_South_Wales_alphanumeric_route_A22.svg/160px-New_South_Wales_alphanumeric_route_A22.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1061" data-file-height="641" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Alphanumeric, with border (old signs in ACT and NSW)</div></div></div></div></div> <p>Tasmania introduced an alphanumeric route numbering system in 1979, based on the British system from 1963. The new system aimed to upgrade the signing of destinations, including previously unmarked roads, and to simplify navigation by allowing visitors to follow numbered routes. <a href="/wiki/Highway_1_(Tasmania)" title="Highway 1 (Tasmania)">National Highway 1</a> was retained as the only route without an alphanumeric designation.<sup id="cite_ref-TRRC_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TRRC-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1990s <a href="/wiki/Victoria_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria (Australia)">Victoria</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Australia" title="South Australia">South Australia</a> also overhauled their systems.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While South Australia discarded the National and State Route Numbering Systems, those shield-based schemes were retained in the Melbourne metropolitan area as the <a href="/wiki/List_of_old_road_routes_in_Victoria" class="mw-redirect" title="List of old road routes in Victoria">Metropolitan Route Numbering Scheme</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-VicRoads_signs_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VicRoads_signs-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The route numbers used in the alphanumeric schemes were generally inherited from the original National Route Numbering System, with only a few exceptions, and prefixed with letters denoting their grade. For example, Western Freeway is M8 until Ballarat and continues beyond as A8 Western Highway. They are not used extensively in the Melbourne metropolitan area where the blue-shield metropolitan route system is retained for most routes. The National Highways were retained, until 2013,<sup id="cite_ref-VicRoads_Sep_2013_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VicRoads_Sep_2013-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but with the route numbers changed to alphanumeric designations. </p><p>New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>l<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> introduced the alphanumeric system from early 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-Roads_and_Maritime_Services_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roads_and_Maritime_Services-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before being officially announced, new road signs were fitted with such numbers and then being "coverplated" with the existing route number. However, the new system does not distinguish between the former National Highways and other routes. </p><p>Alphanumeric routes have also been introduced for many major highways and urban routes in <a href="/wiki/Queensland" title="Queensland">Queensland</a>, although many other roads retain markers from the National Route, National Highway, State and Metroad numbering systems. According to the New South Wales <a href="/wiki/Roads_and_Maritime_Services" title="Roads and Maritime Services">Roads and Maritime Services</a>, the Northern Territory has similarly begun converting their numbered routes to alphanumeric routes, with a "progressive replacement" scheme that sees alphanumeric route markers introduced only when signs are replaced.<sup id="cite_ref-RMS_alpha_QandA_27-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RMS_alpha_QandA-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At this stage, 4 routes have been fully signed while another one is missing the prefix letter in all of its signs. While there are no immediate plans to introduce an alphanumeric route numbering system in <a href="/wiki/Western_Australia" title="Western Australia">Western Australia</a>, it will begin converting once additional funds become available in the future.<sup id="cite_ref-MRWA_signs_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MRWA_signs-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Prefix_letters">Prefix letters</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highways_in_Australia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Prefix letters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the alphanumeric systems, a letter denoting the route's construction standard and function is prefixed to the route number, creating an alphanumeric route designation. One of six letters may be used: </p> <ul><li>"M" routes are primary traffic routes, called motorways in some states. These are typically <a href="/wiki/Dual_carriageway" title="Dual carriageway">dual carriageway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Freeway" class="mw-redirect" title="Freeway">freeway</a>-standard highways, but may also be used for rural roads that are nearly at freeway-standard,<sup id="cite_ref-QLD_signs_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-QLD_signs-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or at least are dual carriageways.<sup id="cite_ref-VicRoads_signs_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VicRoads_signs-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"A" routes are other primary highways, including urban arterials<sup id="cite_ref-QLD_signs_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-QLD_signs-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and interstate or interregional single carriageways.<sup id="cite_ref-VicRoads_signs_28-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VicRoads_signs-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-QLD_signs_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-QLD_signs-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"B" routes are less significant routes, either as an alternative to an "A" or "M" route, or linking smaller population centres to larger regional centres, but without being a major through-route in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-QLD_signs_31-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-QLD_signs-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These are the major road links in areas without "A" routes.<sup id="cite_ref-VicRoads_signs_28-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VicRoads_signs-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"C" routes link smaller settlements and towns to the rest of the major road network.<sup id="cite_ref-VicRoads_signs_28-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VicRoads_signs-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are used for roads without the significance of an "M", "A", or "B" route, but where numbering would assist navigation.<sup id="cite_ref-QLD_signs_31-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-QLD_signs-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"D" routes are detour routes. These are only used in New South Wales with only two routes <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/New_South_Wales_detour_route_D1.svg/23px-New_South_Wales_detour_route_D1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/New_South_Wales_detour_route_D1.svg/35px-New_South_Wales_detour_route_D1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/New_South_Wales_detour_route_D1.svg/45px-New_South_Wales_detour_route_D1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="566" /></span></span> and <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/New_South_Wales_detour_route_D5.svg/23px-New_South_Wales_detour_route_D5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/New_South_Wales_detour_route_D5.svg/36px-New_South_Wales_detour_route_D5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/New_South_Wales_detour_route_D5.svg/47px-New_South_Wales_detour_route_D5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="876" data-file-height="566" /></span></span></li> <li>"R" routes are ring routes only used in South Australia with only one route <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_R1.svg/22px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_R1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_R1.svg/34px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_R1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_R1.svg/44px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_R1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="150" /></span></span></li> <li>"ALT A" routes are alternative "A" routes only used in Queensland</li></ul> <table class="wikitable sortable" align="center" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"> <caption>Alphanumeric prefix letters in use by State/Territory </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>State/Territory </th> <th>M - <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_M1.svg/22px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_M1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_M1.svg/34px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_M1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_M1.svg/44px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_M1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="150" /></span></span> </th> <th>A - <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_A1.svg/22px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_A1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_A1.svg/34px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_A1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_A1.svg/44px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_A1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="150" /></span></span> </th> <th>B - <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_B1.svg/22px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_B1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_B1.svg/34px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_B1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_B1.svg/44px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_B1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="150" /></span></span> </th> <th>C - <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_C1.svg/22px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_C1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_C1.svg/34px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_C1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_C1.svg/44px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_C1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="150" /></span></span> </th> <th>D - <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a5/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_D1.svg/22px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_D1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a5/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_D1.svg/34px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_D1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a5/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_D1.svg/44px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_D1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="150" /></span></span> </th> <th>R - <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_R1.svg/22px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_R1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_R1.svg/34px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_R1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_R1.svg/44px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_R1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="150" /></span></span> </th> <th>ALT A - <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_ALTA2.svg/22px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_ALTA2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_ALTA2.svg/33px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_ALTA2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_ALTA2.svg/44px-AUS_Alphanumeric_Route_ALTA2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="210" /></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>ACT </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr> <td>NSW </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr> <td>NT </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr> <td>QLD </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td>SA </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Partial<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>m<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Partial<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr> <td>TAS </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr> <td>VIC </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classification">Classification</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highways_in_Australia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Classification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Australia's major roads are managed by the states and territories. While some state road authorities use a road hierarchy with Highway as the highest classification, the classification of state-controlled roads varies between states, with differing classification names, definitions, and number of levels in the hierarchy. Road names do not necessarily correspond to classifications – for example, <a href="/wiki/Great_Southern_Highway" title="Great Southern Highway">Great Southern Highway</a> is not classified as a highway. A highway, or other classification level, may be composed of multiple named roads, and a single road name may have varying classifications along its length. Internal numbering schemes for such classifications do not necessarily relate to designated road routes – for example, <a href="/wiki/Great_Western_Highway" title="Great Western Highway">Great Western Highway</a> is Highway 5 for administrative purposes but is signposted as part of route A32. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australian_Capital_Territory">Australian Capital Territory</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highways_in_Australia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Australian Capital Territory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The ACT classifies its roads into four groups, depending on its physical properties and role within the road network:<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Arterial roads: These roads serve long-distance travellers within or between districts, and support large volumes of traffic. They may be <a href="/wiki/Limited-access_road" title="Limited-access road">limited access</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Controlled-access_highway" title="Controlled-access highway">controlled-access</a>. A small number of these roads have relatively high levels of property access due to city design requirements at the time.</li> <li>Major collector roads: These roads serve local area traffic distributing to or from minor collector roads, and also link to the arterial network. Well designed property access is permissible.</li> <li>Minor collector roads: These roads serve neighbourhood traffic, and provide access from the major collector roads into residential areas. Normal direct property access is permissible at this level. Secondary links to the arterial network are possible.</li> <li>Access streets: These streets are the lowest road type in the hierarchy, and provide access to the bulk of residential homes.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="New_South_Wales">New South Wales</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highways_in_Australia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: New South Wales"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In New South Wales, sections 46, 47, 50 and 51 of the Roads Act 1993 provide for the classifications of Highway, Main Road, Secondary Road or Tourist Road.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Northern_Territory">Northern Territory</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highways_in_Australia&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Northern Territory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the Northern Territory, major roads are classified into three categories: National Highway, Arterial Roads, and Secondary Roads.<sup id="cite_ref-allNTroads_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allNTroads-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Queensland">Queensland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highways_in_Australia&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Queensland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Queensland, roads are classified as: National Network Roads, State Strategic Roads, Regional Roads, or District Roads.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="South_Australia">South Australia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highways_in_Australia&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: South Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>South Australia's <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Planning,_Transport_and_Infrastructure" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Planning, Transport and Infrastructure">Department of Planning, Transport and Infrastructure</a> (DPTI) classifies state-controlled roads into three categories: National Land Transport Network; DPTI Maintained Road, Sealed; and DPTI Maintained Road, Unsealed.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tasmania">Tasmania</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highways_in_Australia&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Tasmania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Tasmania, the most important state and regional connections, totalling 3,650 kilometres (2,270 mi), are state-owned roads, which are further classified into a road hierarchy.<sup id="cite_ref-hierarchy_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hierarchy-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 3–4">: 3–4 </span></sup> The hierarchy consists of: </p> <ul><li>Trunk roads – major highways which are the "primary freight and passenger roads"<sup id="cite_ref-hierarchy_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hierarchy-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 4–5">: 4–5 </span></sup></li> <li>Regional freight roads – regional roads which connect heavy freight to the trunk roads<sup id="cite_ref-hierarchy_39-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hierarchy-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 4, 6">: 4, 6 </span></sup></li> <li>Regional access roads – providing access to Tasmania's Regions, with less traffic than trunk and regional freight roads<sup id="cite_ref-hierarchy_39-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hierarchy-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 4, 7">: 4, 7 </span></sup></li> <li>Feeder roads – connect population centres and tourist traffic to and from the rest of the state road network<sup id="cite_ref-hierarchy_39-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hierarchy-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 4, 8">: 4, 8 </span></sup></li> <li>Other roads – lower traffic roads, primarily providing access to private properties<sup id="cite_ref-hierarchy_39-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hierarchy-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 4, 9">: 4, 9 </span></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Victoria">Victoria</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highways_in_Australia&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Victoria"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Victoria, major roads are designated as either freeways (including tollways) or arterial roads (including other tolled roads), under section 17 subsection 1 of the Road Management Act 2004,<sup id="cite_ref-RMA2004_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RMA2004-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and under the same act, section 14 subsection 1, <a href="/wiki/VicRoads" title="VicRoads">VicRoads</a> is named as the controlling authority in designating major roads as either freeways or arterial roads.<sup id="cite_ref-RMA2004_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RMA2004-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Western_Australia">Western Australia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highways_in_Australia&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Western Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Western Australia, roads controlled and maintained by the state road authority, <a href="/wiki/Main_Roads_Western_Australia" title="Main Roads Western Australia">Main Roads Western Australia</a>, are either highways or Main Roads. Any road or section of road may be proclaimed a highway by the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Western_Australia" title="Governor of Western Australia">Governor of Western Australia</a>, on the recommendation of the Commissioner of Main Roads, under Section 13 of the Main Roads Act 1930.<sup id="cite_ref-MR_Act_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MR_Act-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Section 14 of the act allows for the creation of new highways.<sup id="cite_ref-MR_Act_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MR_Act-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As well as this legal classification scheme, <a href="/wiki/Main_Roads_Western_Australia" title="Main Roads Western Australia">Main Roads Western Australia</a> also classifies roads by the following functional hierarchy:<sup id="cite_ref-Road_Classifications_WA_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Road_Classifications_WA-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Primary Distributor: Provide for major regional and inter-regional traffic movement and carry large volumes of generally fast moving traffic. They are managed by Main Roads Western Australia.</li> <li>Regional Distributor: Roads that are not primary distributors, but which link significant destinations and are designed for efficient movement of people and goods within and beyond regional areas. They are managed by local government.</li> <li>District Distributor: Roads that run between built up area land-use cells and generally not through them, forming a grid which would ideally space them about 1.5 kilometres apart. They are managed by local government.</li> <li>Local Distributor: Roads that carry traffic within a cell and link district distributors or primary distributors at the boundary, to access roads. The route of local distributors should discourage through traffic so that the cell formed by the grid of higher order distributor roads, only carries traffic belonging to, or serving the area. In rural areas local distributors connect to other rural distributors and to rural access roads.</li> <li>Access Road: Provide access to abutting properties with safety aspects having priority over the vehicle movement function. In urban areas, these roads are bicycle and pedestrian friendly, with aesthetics and amenity also important. Access roads are managed by local government.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Other classifications processes exist for planning, administrative, financial, and asset management purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-Road_Classifications_WA_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Road_Classifications_WA-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Federally_funded_highways">Federally funded highways</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highways_in_Australia&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Federally funded highways"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The federal government contributes funding for the following road links, which make up the national road network, under the <a href="/wiki/AusLink" title="AusLink">Nation Building Program</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Sydney to Melbourne – <a href="/wiki/Hume_Highway" title="Hume Highway">Hume Highway/Freeway/Motorway</a></li> <li>Sydney to <a href="/wiki/Brisbane" title="Brisbane">Brisbane</a> – the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Motorway_(Sydney%E2%80%93Newcastle)" title="Pacific Motorway (Sydney–Newcastle)">Pacific Motorway (Sydney–Newcastle)</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_England_Highway" title="New England Highway">New England</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cunningham_Highway" title="Cunningham Highway">Cunningham Highways</a> route and the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Highway_(Australia)" title="Pacific Highway (Australia)">Pacific Highway</a> route</li> <li>Brisbane to <a href="/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns">Cairns</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Highway" title="Bruce Highway">Bruce Highway</a></li> <li>Brisbane to <a href="/wiki/Darwin,_Northern_Territory" title="Darwin, Northern Territory">Darwin</a> – <a href="/wiki/Warrego_Highway" title="Warrego Highway">Warrego</a>, <a href="/wiki/Landsborough_Highway" title="Landsborough Highway">Landsborough</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barkly_Highway" title="Barkly Highway">Barkly</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Highway" title="Stuart Highway">Stuart Highways</a></li> <li>Brisbane to Melbourne – Warrego, <a href="/wiki/Gore_Highway" title="Gore Highway">Gore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Newell_Highway" title="Newell Highway">Newell</a> and <a href="/wiki/Goulburn_Valley_Highway" title="Goulburn Valley Highway">Goulburn Valley Highways</a> and Hume Freeway</li> <li>Melbourne to <a href="/wiki/Adelaide" title="Adelaide">Adelaide</a> – <a href="/wiki/Western_Highway,_Victoria" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Highway, Victoria">Western Highway/Freeway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dukes_Highway" title="Dukes Highway">Dukes Highway</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Eastern_Freeway" title="South Eastern Freeway">South Eastern Freeway</a></li> <li>Adelaide to Darwin – <a href="/wiki/Port_Wakefield_Road" class="mw-redirect" title="Port Wakefield Road">Port Wakefield Road</a>, <a href="/wiki/Augusta_Highway" title="Augusta Highway">Augusta Highway</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Highway" title="Stuart Highway">Stuart Highway</a></li> <li>Adelaide to Sydney – <a href="/wiki/Sturt_Highway" title="Sturt Highway">Sturt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hume_Highway" title="Hume Highway">Hume Highway/Motorway</a></li> <li>Adelaide to <a href="/wiki/Perth,_Western_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Perth, Western Australia">Perth</a> – <a href="/wiki/Port_Wakefield_Road" class="mw-redirect" title="Port Wakefield Road">Port Wakefield Road</a>, <a href="/wiki/Augusta_Highway" title="Augusta Highway">Augusta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eyre_Highway" title="Eyre Highway">Eyre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coolgardie%E2%80%93Esperance_Highway" title="Coolgardie–Esperance Highway">Coolgardie–Esperance</a> (part) and <a href="/wiki/Great_Eastern_Highway" title="Great Eastern Highway">Great Eastern Highways</a></li> <li>Perth to Darwin – <a href="/wiki/Great_Northern_Highway" title="Great Northern Highway">Great Northern</a>, <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Highway" title="Victoria Highway">Victoria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Highway" title="Stuart Highway">Stuart Highways</a></li> <li>Sydney to <a href="/wiki/Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hume_Highway" title="Hume Highway">Hume Highway/Motorway</a> and <a href="/wiki/Federal_Highway_(Australia)" title="Federal Highway (Australia)">Federal Highways</a></li> <li>Melbourne to Canberra – <a href="/wiki/Hume_Highway" title="Hume Highway">Hume Highway/Freeway</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barton_Highway" title="Barton Highway">Barton Highways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobart" title="Hobart">Hobart</a> to <a href="/wiki/Burnie,_Tasmania" class="mw-redirect" title="Burnie, Tasmania">Burnie</a> including the link from <a href="/wiki/Launceston,_Tasmania" title="Launceston, Tasmania">Launceston</a> to <a href="/wiki/Bell_Bay,_Tasmania" title="Bell Bay, Tasmania">Bell Bay</a> – <a href="/wiki/Brooker_Highway" title="Brooker Highway">Brooker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Midland_Highway_(Tasmania)" title="Midland Highway (Tasmania)">Midlands</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Bass_Highway_(Tasmania)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bass Highway (Tasmania)">Bass Highway</a></li> <li>Townsville to <a href="/wiki/Mount_Isa" title="Mount Isa">Mount Isa</a> – <a href="/wiki/Flinders_Highway,_Queensland" title="Flinders Highway, Queensland">Flinders Highway</a></li> <li>Melbourne to <a href="/wiki/Sale,_Victoria" title="Sale, Victoria">Sale</a> – <a href="/wiki/Princes_Highway" title="Princes Highway">Princes Highway</a></li> <li>Perth to <a href="/wiki/Bunbury,_Western_Australia" title="Bunbury, Western Australia">Bunbury</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kwinana_Freeway" title="Kwinana Freeway">Kwinana Freeway</a> and <a href="/wiki/Forrest_Highway" title="Forrest Highway">Forrest Highway</a></li> <li>Melbourne to <a href="/wiki/Mildura" title="Mildura">Mildura</a> – <a href="/wiki/Calder_Highway" title="Calder Highway">Calder Highway/Freeway</a></li> <li>Sydney to <a href="/wiki/Dubbo" title="Dubbo">Dubbo</a> – <a href="/wiki/Great_Western_Highway" title="Great Western Highway">Great Western</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mitchell_Highway" title="Mitchell Highway">Mitchell Highways</a></li> <li>Sydney to <a href="/wiki/Wollongong" title="Wollongong">Wollongong</a> – <a href="/wiki/Princes_Motorway" title="Princes Motorway">Princes Motorway</a> and <a href="/wiki/Princes_Highway" title="Princes Highway">Princes Highway</a></li> <li>Melbourne to <a href="/wiki/Geelong" title="Geelong">Geelong</a> – <a href="/wiki/Princes_Highway" title="Princes Highway">Princes Highway</a></li> <li>Perth to <a href="/wiki/Geraldton" title="Geraldton">Geraldton</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tonkin_Highway" title="Tonkin Highway">Tonkin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brand_Highway" title="Brand Highway">Brand Highways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Hedland,_Western_Australia" title="Port Hedland, Western Australia">Port Hedland</a> to <a href="/wiki/Karratha,_Western_Australia" title="Karratha, Western Australia">Karratha</a> – <a href="/wiki/North_West_Coastal_Highway" title="North West Coastal Highway">North West Coastal Highway</a> (part)</li></ul> <p><span class="anchor" id="State_listing"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highways_in_Australia&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> <p>Highways by state/territory: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highways_in_the_Australian_Capital_Territory" class="mw-redirect" title="List of highways in the Australian Capital Territory">List of highways in the Australian Capital Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highways_in_New_South_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="List of highways in New South Wales">List of highways in New South Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highways_in_the_Northern_Territory" title="List of highways in the Northern Territory">List of highways in the Northern Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highways_in_Queensland" title="List of highways in Queensland">List of highways in Queensland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highways_in_South_Australia" title="List of highways in South Australia">List of highways in South Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highways_in_Tasmania" title="List of highways in Tasmania">List of highways in Tasmania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highways_in_Victoria" title="List of highways in Victoria">List of highways in Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highways_in_Western_Australia" title="List of highways in Western Australia">List of highways in Western Australia</a></li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break"> <p>Road routes by state/territory: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_road_routes_in_the_Australian_Capital_Territory" title="List of road routes in the Australian Capital Territory">List of road routes in the Australian Capital Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_road_routes_in_New_South_Wales" title="List of road routes in New South Wales">List of road routes in New South Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_road_routes_in_the_Northern_Territory" title="List of road routes in the Northern Territory">List of road routes in the Northern Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_road_routes_in_Queensland" title="List of road routes in Queensland">List of road routes in Queensland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_road_routes_in_South_Australia" title="List of road routes in South Australia">List of road routes in South Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_road_routes_in_Tasmania" title="List of road routes in Tasmania">List of road routes in Tasmania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_road_routes_in_Victoria" title="List of road routes in Victoria">List of road routes in Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_road_routes_in_Western_Australia" title="List of road routes in Western Australia">List of road routes in Western Australia</a></li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break"> <p>Related concepts and lists: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freeways_in_Australia" title="Freeways in Australia">Freeways in Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highway_1_(Australia)" title="Highway 1 (Australia)">Highway 1 (Australia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Highway_(Australia)" title="National Highway (Australia)">National Highway (Australia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Australia" title="Transport in Australia">Transport in Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_transport_in_Australia" title="Road transport in Australia">Road transport in Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toll_roads_in_Australia" title="Toll roads in Australia">Toll roads in Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highways_in_Australia" title="List of highways in Australia">List of highways in Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_roads_and_highways" title="List of roads and highways">List of roads and highways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Australian_airports" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Australian airports">List of Australian airports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Australian_ports" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Australian ports">List of Australian ports</a></li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/21px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/42px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Australia" title="Portal:Australia">Australia</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Australia_road_sign_W5-29.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Australia_road_sign_W5-29.svg/19px-Australia_road_sign_W5-29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Australia_road_sign_W5-29.svg/29px-Australia_road_sign_W5-29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Australia_road_sign_W5-29.svg/38px-Australia_road_sign_W5-29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="816" data-file-height="816" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Australian_roads" title="Portal:Australian roads">Australian roads</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/UK_motorway_symbol.svg/19px-UK_motorway_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/UK_motorway_symbol.svg/29px-UK_motorway_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/UK_motorway_symbol.svg/38px-UK_motorway_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="561" data-file-height="561" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Roads" title="Portal:Roads">Roads</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highways_in_Australia&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The ACT will not be implementing tourist drive markers on new signs but the old signs will not be coverplated.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">However, the NSW extension of the <a href="/wiki/Gold_Coast_Highway" title="Gold Coast Highway">Gold Coast Highway</a> remains signed as State Route 2 for consistency with the Queensland section.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NT_alpha_partial-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NT_alpha_partial_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alphanumeric route markers are introduced only when signs are replaced. However, there are only some routes to be fully signed </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Most signs have been replaced by alphanumeric road routes.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NTalphanum-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NTalphanum_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NTalphanum_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">The Northern Territory will no longer place new National Highway, Routes or State Routes due to conversion to the alphanumeric system.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Phaseout-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Phaseout_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Phaseout_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Phaseout_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Since September 2013, the National Highway system has been slowly phased out in favour of standard routes. Standard alphanumeric route markers are introduced only when National Highway signs are replaced.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">QLD's only National Highway <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Australian_national_highway_15.svg/17px-Australian_national_highway_15.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Australian_national_highway_15.svg/26px-Australian_national_highway_15.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Australian_national_highway_15.svg/34px-Australian_national_highway_15.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="310" data-file-height="360" /></span></span> has been slowly replaced by alphanumeric markers. However, the change will only appear on new signs</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Most Metroads have been replaced, with only parts of Metroad 2 and 5 remaining. See <a href="/wiki/Metroad#Brisbane_Metroads" title="Metroad">Metroad#Brisbane Metroads</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Signage retained on National Highway 1 in Tasmania.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Signage retained on <a href="/wiki/Princes_Highway#Victoria" title="Princes Highway">National Alternative Route 1</a> in Melbourne.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Implementation restricted to <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Greater Melbourne</a> only as State Routes have been replaced in regional areas. Refer to <a href="/wiki/List_of_road_routes_in_Victoria_(numeric)" title="List of road routes in Victoria (numeric)">list of road routes in Victoria (numeric)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The only numbered roads in the Australian Capital Territory are interstate highways from NSW and their interconnecting thoroughfares, as the Australian Capital Territory does not number its other highway or freeway grade roads.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">South Australia only uses C routes that connect to Victoria.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">South Australia has four D routes, but none of them have been signed.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highways_in_Australia&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NAASRA-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NAASRA_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NAASRA_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NAASRA_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NAASRA_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NAASRA_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NAASRA_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFNational_Association_of_Australian_State_Road_Authorities1976" class="citation cs2">National Association of Australian State Road Authorities (1976), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/35154905"><i>Guide to the publication and policies of N.A.A.S.R.A. : current at December 1975</i></a> (10th ed.), Sydney</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Guide+to+the+publication+and+policies+of+N.A.A.S.R.A.+%3A+current+at+December+1975&rft.edition=10th&rft.pub=Sydney&rft.date=1976&rft.au=National+Association+of+Australian+State+Road+Authorities&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftrove.nla.gov.au%2Fwork%2F35154905&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHighways+in+Australia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Austroads97-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Austroads97_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Austroads97_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Austroads (1997), <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.onlinepublications.austroads.com.au/items/AP-R224-03">Towards a Nationally Consistent Approach to Route Marking</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180827142340/https://www.onlinepublications.austroads.com.au/items/AP-R224-03">Archived</a> 27 August 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Roads_And_Maritime_Services_9-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Roads_And_Maritime_Services_9_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Roads_And_Maritime_Services_9_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoads_And_Maritime_Services2013" class="citation web cs1">Roads And Maritime Services (25 February 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rms.nsw.gov.au/roadprojects/projects/alpha_numeric/documents/qanda_alpha_numeric.pdf">"Questions and answers: A better way to navigate NSW roads"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Government of New South Wales. p. 9. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131117143727/http://www.rms.nsw.gov.au/roadprojects/projects/alpha_numeric/documents/qanda_alpha_numeric.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 17 November 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 November</span> 2013</span>. <q>Most States and Territories in Australia are moving to an alpha-numeric road numbering system.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Questions+and+answers%3A+A+better+way+to+navigate+NSW+roads&rft.pages=9&rft.pub=Government+of+New+South+Wales&rft.date=2013-02-25&rft.au=Roads+And+Maritime+Services&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rms.nsw.gov.au%2Froadprojects%2Fprojects%2Falpha_numeric%2Fdocuments%2Fqanda_alpha_numeric.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHighways+in+Australia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-history-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-history_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_4-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120317003455/http://www.infrastructure.gov.au/transport/publications/files/history_of_road_and_rail.pdf">"A History of Australian Road and Rail"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Department of Infrastructure and Transport, Australian Government. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.infrastructure.gov.au/transport/publications/files/history_of_road_and_rail.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 17 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Australian+Road+and+Rail&rft.pub=Department+of+Infrastructure+and+Transport%2C+Australian+Government&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infrastructure.gov.au%2Ftransport%2Fpublications%2Ffiles%2Fhistory_of_road_and_rail.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHighways+in+Australia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-yearbook1974-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-yearbook1974_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yearbook1974_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yearbook1974_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yearbook1974_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yearbook1974_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yearbook1974_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yearbook1974_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/0/2e904c15091c39a5ca2569de0028b416?OpenDocument">"History Of Roads In Australia"</a>. <i>1301.0 - Year Book Australia, 1974</i>. <a href="/wiki/Australian_Bureau_of_Statistics" title="Australian Bureau of Statistics">Australian Bureau of Statistics</a>. 25 January 1974<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=1301.0+-+Year+Book+Australia%2C+1974&rft.atitle=History+Of+Roads+In+Australia&rft.date=1974-01-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abs.gov.au%2Fausstats%2Fabs%40.nsf%2F0%2F2e904c15091c39a5ca2569de0028b416%3FOpenDocument&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHighways+in+Australia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ANAO-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ANAO_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAustralian_National_Audit_Office2001" class="citation book cs1">Australian National Audit Office (8 February 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140212165939/http://www.anao.gov.au/~/media/Uploads/Audit%20Reports/2000%2001/2000_01_audit_report_21.pdf"><i>Management of the National Highways System Program</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra ACT</a>: Commonwealth of Australia. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0642442509" title="Special:BookSources/0642442509"><bdi>0642442509</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.anao.gov.au/~/media/Uploads/Audit%20Reports/2000%2001/2000_01_audit_report_21.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 12 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Management+of+the+National+Highways+System+Program&rft.place=Canberra+ACT&rft.pub=Commonwealth+of+Australia&rft.date=2001-02-08&rft.isbn=0642442509&rft.au=Australian+National+Audit+Office&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.anao.gov.au%2F~%2Fmedia%2FUploads%2FAudit%2520Reports%2F2000%252001%2F2000_01_audit_report_21.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHighways+in+Australia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/F2006B00466">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Australian Land Transport Development (ALTD) Act 1988'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27Australian+Land+Transport+Development+%28ALTD%29+Act+1988%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.comlaw.gov.au%2FDetails%2FF2006B00466&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHighways+in+Australia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/C2005A00093/Html/Text#param5">"AusLink (National Land Transport) Act 2005"</a>. 8 July 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AusLink+%28National+Land+Transport%29+Act+2005&rft.date=2005-07-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.comlaw.gov.au%2FDetails%2FC2005A00093%2FHtml%2FText%23param5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHighways+in+Australia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/F2005L03285">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'AusLink (National Land Transport) Act National Land Transport Network Determination 2005 (No. 1)'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. 10 October 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27AusLink+%28National+Land+Transport%29+Act+National+Land+Transport+Network+Determination+2005+%28No.+1%29%27&rft.date=2005-10-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.comlaw.gov.au%2FDetails%2FF2005L03285&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHighways+in+Australia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-austlii1-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-austlii1_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/nbplta2009476/index.html#s4">NATION BUILDING PROGRAM (NATIONAL LAND TRANSPORT) ACT 2009</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-VicRoads_Sep_2013-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-VicRoads_Sep_2013_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-VicRoads_Sep_2013_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVicRoads2013" class="citation web cs1">VicRoads (September 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141219075258/https://www.vicroads.vic.gov.au/~/media/files/technicaldocumentchapters/guidelines/traffic%20engineering%20manual%20volume%202%20chapter%2010%20%20direction%20signs%20and%20route%20numbering%20nonfreewaysep%202013%20ed%203">"Direction Signs and Route Numbering (non-Freeway)"</a>. <i>Traffic Engineering Manual</i> (3 ed.). State Government of Victoria. p. 34. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vicroads.vic.gov.au/~/media/files/technicaldocumentchapters/guidelines/traffic%20engineering%20manual%20volume%202%20chapter%2010%20%20direction%20signs%20and%20route%20numbering%20nonfreewaysep%202013%20ed%203">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 19 December 2014. <q>The use of National Highway shields for routes M/A8, A20, M31, M/A39 and M80 has been discontinued. They are now signed in the same way as other alphanumeric routes</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Traffic+Engineering+Manual&rft.atitle=Direction+Signs+and+Route+Numbering+%28non-Freeway%29&rft.pages=34&rft.date=2013-09&rft.au=VicRoads&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vicroads.vic.gov.au%2F~%2Fmedia%2Ffiles%2Ftechnicaldocumentchapters%2Fguidelines%2Ftraffic%2520engineering%2520manual%2520volume%25202%2520chapter%252010%2520%2520direction%2520signs%2520and%2520route%2520numbering%2520nonfreewaysep%25202013%2520ed%25203&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHighways+in+Australia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TRRC-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TRRC_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TRRC_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDepartment_of_Primary_Industries,_Parks,_Water_&_Environment2014" class="citation web cs1">Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water & Environment (January 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140714161713/http://dpipwe.tas.gov.au/Documents/Route%20Descriptions.pdf">"Tasmanian Road Route Codes: Route descriptions and focal points"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Version 2.7. Government of Tasmania. pp. 6, 60–64. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dpipwe.tas.gov.au/Documents/Route%20Descriptions.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 14 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tasmanian+Road+Route+Codes%3A+Route+descriptions+and+focal+points&rft.series=Version+2.7&rft.pages=6%2C+60-64&rft.pub=Government+of+Tasmania&rft.date=2014-01&rft.au=Department+of+Primary+Industries%2C+Parks%2C+Water+%26+Environment&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdpipwe.tas.gov.au%2FDocuments%2FRoute%2520Descriptions.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHighways+in+Australia" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Roads_and_Maritime_Services-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Roads_and_Maritime_Services_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Roads_and_Maritime_Services_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Roads_and_Maritime_Services_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoads_and_Maritime_Services2012" class="citation web cs1">Roads and Maritime Services (26 November 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rta.nsw.gov.au/roadprojects/projects/alpha_numeric/index.html">"Alpha-numeric route numbers - Road Projects - Roads and Maritime Services"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alpha-numeric+route+numbers+-+Road+Projects+-+Roads+and+Maritime+Services&rft.date=2012-11-26&rft.au=Roads+and+Maritime+Services&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rta.nsw.gov.au%2Froadprojects%2Fprojects%2Falpha_numeric%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHighways+in+Australia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Queensland_Department_of_Transport_and_Main_Roads-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Queensland_Department_of_Transport_and_Main_Roads_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Queensland_Department_of_Transport_and_Main_Roads_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQueensland_Department_of_Transport_and_Main_Roads" class="citation web cs1">Queensland Department of Transport and Main Roads. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131005000341/http://www.tmr.qld.gov.au/~/media/busind/techstdpubs/Manual%20of%20Uniform%20Traffic%20Control%20Devices/Compressed/mutcdamend7Part15D.pdf">"Mutcd 2003 Amend 8 Part 15D"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tmr.qld.gov.au/~/media/busind/techstdpubs/Manual%20of%20Uniform%20Traffic%20Control%20Devices/Compressed/mutcdamend7Part15D.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 5 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mutcd+2003+Amend+8+Part+15D&rft.au=Queensland+Department+of+Transport+and+Main+Roads&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tmr.qld.gov.au%2F~%2Fmedia%2Fbusind%2Ftechstdpubs%2FManual%2520of%2520Uniform%2520Traffic%2520Control%2520Devices%2FCompressed%2Fmutcdamend7Part15D.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHighways+in+Australia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MRWA_signs-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MRWA_signs_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MRWA_signs_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MRWA_signs_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMain_Roads_Western_Australia2011" class="citation web cs1">Main Roads Western Australia (21 September 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mainroads.wa.gov.au/BuildingRoads/StandardsTechnical/RoadandTrafficEngineering/TrafficManagement/DirectionalSignsGuidelines/Pages/Guidelines_for_Direction_Signs_in_the_Perth_Metropolitan_Area.aspx">"Route Numbering"</a>. <i>Guidelines for Direction Signs in the Perth Metropolitan Area</i>. Government of Western Australia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131021152024/https://www.mainroads.wa.gov.au/BuildingRoads/StandardsTechnical/RoadandTrafficEngineering/TrafficManagement/DirectionalSignsGuidelines/Pages/Guidelines_for_Direction_Signs_in_the_Perth_Metropolitan_Area.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 21 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 November</span> 2013</span>. <q>Main Roads has chosen to retain the shield numbering system</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Guidelines+for+Direction+Signs+in+the+Perth+Metropolitan+Area&rft.atitle=Route+Numbering&rft.date=2011-09-21&rft.au=Main+Roads+Western+Australia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mainroads.wa.gov.au%2FBuildingRoads%2FStandardsTechnical%2FRoadandTrafficEngineering%2FTrafficManagement%2FDirectionalSignsGuidelines%2FPages%2FGuidelines_for_Direction_Signs_in_the_Perth_Metropolitan_Area.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHighways+in+Australia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RMS_alpha_QandA-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RMS_alpha_QandA_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RMS_alpha_QandA_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RMS_alpha_QandA_27-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RMS_alpha_QandA_27-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoads_and_Maritime_Services" class="citation web cs1">Roads and Maritime Services. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rms.nsw.gov.au/roadprojects/projects/alpha_numeric/documents/factsheets/qanda.pdf">"Questions and answers: A better way to navigate NSW roads"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. New South Wales Government. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140516123848/http://www.rms.nsw.gov.au/roadprojects/projects/alpha_numeric/documents/factsheets/qanda.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 16 May 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ozroads.com.au&rft.atitle=Ozroads%3A+Alpha-numeric+route+numbering&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ozroads.com.au%2FNationalSystem%2Falpha.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHighways+in+Australia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-QLD_signs-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-QLD_signs_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-QLD_signs_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-QLD_signs_31-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-QLD_signs_31-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-QLD_signs_31-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDepartment_of_Transport_and_Main_Roads2014" class="citation web cs1">Department of Transport and Main Roads (14 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140418113035/http://www.tmr.qld.gov.au/~/media/busind/techstdpubs/Manual%20of%20Uniform%20Traffic%20Control%20Devices/MutcdPart15Directioninfoandroute.pdf">"Part 15: Direction signs, information signs and route numbering"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices</i>. Queensland Government. pp. 55–56. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tmr.qld.gov.au/~/media/busind/techstdpubs/Manual%20of%20Uniform%20Traffic%20Control%20Devices/MutcdPart15Directioninfoandroute.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 18 April 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Map+of+all+NT+Roads&rft.pub=Northern+Territory+Government&rft.date=1998-04&rft.au=Department+of+Transport&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.transport.nt.gov.au%2F__data%2Fassets%2Fpdf_file%2F0003%2F6429%2Fntmapallroads.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHighways+in+Australia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tmr.qld.gov.au/_/media/travelandtransport/maps-and-guides/queensland-maps/state-road-network/the-state-road-network-of-queensland-front-at-30-june-2022.pdf?sc_lang=en&hash=BE5B156CE3B0044010A3C7150860CB22">"The State Road Network of Queensland at 30 June 2022"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 30 June 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231220011025/https://www.tmr.qld.gov.au/_/media/travelandtransport/maps-and-guides/queensland-maps/state-road-network/the-state-road-network-of-queensland-front-at-30-june-2022.pdf?sc_lang=en&hash=BE5B156CE3B0044010A3C7150860CB22%2A">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 20 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+State+Road+Network+of+Queensland+at+30+June+2022&rft.date=2022-06-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tmr.qld.gov.au%2F_%2Fmedia%2Ftravelandtransport%2Fmaps-and-guides%2Fqueensland-maps%2Fstate-road-network%2Fthe-state-road-network-of-queensland-front-at-30-june-2022.pdf%3Fsc_lang%3Den%26hash%3DBE5B156CE3B0044010A3C7150860CB22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHighways+in+Australia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoad_Asset_Management_Section,_DPTI2013" class="citation web cs1">Road Asset Management Section, DPTI (October 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sa.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/12654/state_dtei_maintained_roads20.pdf">"DPTI Maintained Road, South Australia"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Government of Western Australia. p. 13.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Guidelines+for+Determining+and+Assigning+Responsibility+for+Roads+in+Western+Australia&rft.atitle=Road+Classification+Processes+and+Types+used+in+Western+Australia&rft.pages=13&rft.date=2011-08&rft.au=Main+Roads+Western+Australia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mainroads.wa.gov.au%2FDocuments%2FUIDELINES%2520FOR%2520DETERMINING%2520AND%2520ASSIGNING%2520RESPONSIBILITY%2520FOR%2520ROADS%2520IN%2520WA%2520%2520website%2520version%2520March%25202012.u_3640516r_1n_D12%255E23.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHighways+in+Australia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mainroads.wa.gov.au/Documents/Road%20Hierarchy%20Criteria%20-%20April%202011.u_3158367r_1n_D11%5E2392185.PDF">"Western Australian Road Hierarchy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Main Roads Western Australia<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Western+Australian+Road+Hierarchy&rft.pub=Main+Roads+Western+Australia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mainroads.wa.gov.au%2FDocuments%2FRoad%2520Hierarchy%2520Criteria%2520-%2520April%25202011.u_3158367r_1n_D11%255E2392185.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHighways+in+Australia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation map cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140308193317/http://investment.infrastructure.gov.au/whatis/network/images/National_Land_Transport_Network_Road_Corridors_Australia.pdf"><i>National Land Transport Network - Road Corridors</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Map). Australian Government Department of Infrastructure and Regional Development. 20 October 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://investment.infrastructure.gov.au/whatis/network/images/National_Land_Transport_Network_Road_Corridors_Australia.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 8 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Land+Transport+Network+-+Road+Corridors&rft.pub=Australian+Government+Department+of+Infrastructure+and+Regional+Development&rft.date=2010-10-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finvestment.infrastructure.gov.au%2Fwhatis%2Fnetwork%2Fimages%2FNational_Land_Transport_Network_Road_Corridors_Australia.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHighways+in+Australia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highways_in_Australia&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNational_Association_of_Australian_State_Road_Authorities1987" class="citation book cs1">National Association of Australian State Road Authorities (1987). <i>Bush Track to Highway: 200 Years of Australian Roads</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0855882077" title="Special:BookSources/0855882077"><bdi>0855882077</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bush+Track+to+Highway%3A+200+Years+of+Australian+Roads&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=0855882077&rft.au=National+Association+of+Australian+State+Road+Authorities&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHighways+in+Australia" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highways_in_Australia&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ozroads.com.au/NationalSystem/naasra.htm">Austroads, NAASRA and COSRA</a> at <i>OZROADS: The Australian Roads Website</i></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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