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<li id="toc-Establishment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Establishment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Establishment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Establishment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-A_studio_of_its_own" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#A_studio_of_its_own"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>A studio of its own</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-A_studio_of_its_own-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Growing_beyond_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Growing_beyond_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Growing beyond education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Growing_beyond_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1256386632">.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-station .infobox-header{background-color:#efefef}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-station-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-station .infobox-above{font-size:100%;background-color:#bfdfff;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-station-atsc3.infobox-above{background-color:#bdbdff}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-station-embed-header .infobox-header{font-size:100%;background-color:#bfdfff}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-tv-station .infobox-header{background-color:hsl(0,0%,10%);color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-tv-station .infobox-above,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-tv-station-embed-header .infobox-header{background-color:hsl(210,100%,10%);color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-tv-station-atsc3.infobox-above{background-color:hsl(240,100%,10%)}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-tv-station-infobox-header{background-color:hsl(0,0%,10%);color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-tv-station .infobox-above,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-tv-station-embed-header .infobox-header{background-color:hsl(210,100%,10%);color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-tv-station-atsc3.infobox-above{background-color:hsl(240,100%,10%)}}</style><table class="infobox vcard ib-tv-station"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">WHRO-TV</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size ib-tv-station-logo" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Whro_tv.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/b1/Whro_tv.gif" decoding="async" width="138" height="70" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="138" data-file-height="70" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hampton,_Virginia" title="Hampton, Virginia">Hampton</a>–<a href="/wiki/Norfolk,_Virginia" title="Norfolk, Virginia">Norfolk, Virginia</a></li><li>United States</li></ul></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Television_channel_frequencies" title="Television channel frequencies">Channels</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television" title="Digital terrestrial television">Digital</a>: 31 (<a href="/wiki/UHF" class="mw-redirect" title="UHF">UHF</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_channel" title="Virtual channel">Virtual</a>: 15</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Branding</th><td class="infobox-data">WHRO</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme">Programming</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><b>15.1:</b> <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a></li><li><i>for others, see <a href="#Subchannels">§ Subchannels</a></i></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme">Ownership</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hampton_Roads_Educational_Telecommunications_Association" title="Hampton Roads Educational Telecommunications Association">Hampton Roads Educational Telecommunications Association</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Sister_station" title="Sister station">Sister stations</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/WFOS" title="WFOS">WFOS</a>, <a href="/wiki/WHRO-FM" title="WHRO-FM">WHRO-FM</a>, <a href="/wiki/WHRV" title="WHRV">WHRV</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">First air date</div></th><td class="infobox-data">October 2, 1961<span class="noprint"><br />(63 years ago)</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1961-10-02</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Former channel number(s)</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><b>Analog:</b> 15 (UHF, 1961–2009)</li><li><b>Digital:</b> 16 (UHF, 2002–2020)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Network_affiliate" title="Network affiliate">Former affiliations</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/National_Educational_Television" title="National Educational Television">NET</a> (1961–1970)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Call_sign" title="Call sign">Call sign</a> meaning</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hampton_Roads" title="Hampton Roads">Hampton Roads</a>, the region the station serves</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme">Technical information<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Licensing authority</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/FCC" class="mw-redirect" title="FCC">FCC</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Facility_ID" title="Facility ID">Facility ID</a></th><td class="infobox-data">25932</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Effective_radiated_power" title="Effective radiated power">ERP</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1,000 <a href="/wiki/KW" class="mw-redirect" title="KW">kW</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Height_above_average_terrain" title="Height above average terrain">HAAT</a></th><td class="infobox-data">375.3 m (1,231 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Transmitter coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=WHRO-TV&params=36_48_31.8_N_76_30_11.3_W_type:landmark_scale:2000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">36°48′31.8″N</span> <span class="longitude">76°30′11.3″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">36.808833°N 76.503139°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">36.808833; -76.503139</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme">Links</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Public license information </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publicfiles.fcc.gov/tv-profile/WHRO-TV">Public file</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enterpriseefiling.fcc.gov/dataentry/public/tv/publicFacilityDetails.html?facilityId=25932">LMS</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whro.org/">whro<wbr />.org</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>WHRO-TV</b> (channel 15) is a <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a> member <a href="/wiki/Television_station" title="Television station">television station</a> licensed to both <a href="/wiki/Hampton,_Virginia" title="Hampton, Virginia">Hampton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Norfolk,_Virginia" title="Norfolk, Virginia">Norfolk, Virginia</a>, United States. It is owned by the <a href="/wiki/Hampton_Roads_Educational_Telecommunications_Association" title="Hampton Roads Educational Telecommunications Association">Hampton Roads Educational Telecommunications Association</a> (HRETA), a consortium of 21 <a href="/wiki/Hampton_Roads" title="Hampton Roads">Hampton Roads</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Shore_of_Virginia" title="Eastern Shore of Virginia">Eastern Shore</a> school systems, alongside <a href="/wiki/Public_radio" class="mw-redirect" title="Public radio">public radio</a> stations <a href="/wiki/WFOS" title="WFOS">WFOS</a> (88.7 FM), <a href="/wiki/WHRV" title="WHRV">WHRV</a> (89.5 FM), and <a href="/wiki/WHRO-FM" title="WHRO-FM">WHRO-FM</a> (90.3). The four stations share studios at the Public Telecommunications Center for Hampton Roads next to the campus of <a href="/wiki/Old_Dominion_University" title="Old Dominion University">Old Dominion University</a> in Norfolk; WHRO-TV's transmitter is located in <a href="/wiki/Suffolk,_Virginia" title="Suffolk, Virginia">Suffolk, Virginia</a>. </p><p>Educational television first came to Hampton Roads in 1957 when commercial station <a href="/wiki/WVEC-TV" class="mw-redirect" title="WVEC-TV">WVEC-TV</a> began broadcasting a limited amount of programs for Norfolk city schools. In 1959, WVEC-TV moved from channel 15 to channel 13. When that station discontinued educational programs in 1961, the Hampton and Norfolk school systems formed the Hampton Roads Educational Television Association, bought the channel 15 tower and antenna in Hampton, obtained a new <a href="/wiki/Construction_permit" class="mw-redirect" title="Construction permit">construction permit</a>, and began broadcasting as WHRO-TV on October 2, 1961. Permanent studios were set up in Norfolk near what is now Old Dominion University in 1963. Later in the 1960s, more <a href="/wiki/School_division" title="School division">school divisions</a> in southeastern Virginia joined the association; the station's educational programming earned it a <a href="/wiki/Peabody_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Peabody Award">Peabody Award</a> for 1972. </p><p>Under the management tenure of John R. Morison, from 1975 to 2001, WHRO-TV merged with a struggling classical music station, today's WHRV; expanded its facilities in 1990; and was recognized as a model station by the <a href="/wiki/Corporation_for_Public_Broadcasting" title="Corporation for Public Broadcasting">Corporation for Public Broadcasting</a>. His successors navigated cuts in support for public broadcasting from the state of Virginia while expanding educational and other services. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WHRO-TV&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Establishment">Establishment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WHRO-TV&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Establishment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Channel 21 was the originally allotted channel to Norfolk for educational use when reserved channels were made available in 1952. However, there was no immediate interest in building a station to use the channel as a result of the cost involved.<sup id="cite_ref-Virg521130_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Virg521130-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Virg530421_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Virg530421-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Educational television did not come to Hampton Roads until September 1957, when <a href="/wiki/WVEC-TV" class="mw-redirect" title="WVEC-TV">WVEC-TV</a> (then on channel 15) began broadcasting two hours a day of programs for Norfolk city schools.<sup id="cite_ref-Virg570620_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Virg570620-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was reduced to one hour in 1959, when WVEC-TV moved from <a href="/wiki/Ultra_high_frequency" title="Ultra high frequency">ultra high frequency</a> (UHF) channel 15 to <a href="/wiki/Very_high_frequency" title="Very high frequency">very high frequency</a> (VHF) channel 13.<sup id="cite_ref-Ledg590729_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ledg590729-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The move of WVEC-TV from channel 15 to channel 13 left an option open for the activation of a dedicated educational station, a matter which became acute when WVEC-TV announced in December 1960 that it would cease carrying educational programming beginning in June 1961. Three months later, in March 1961, an association of local school systems was formed, with proposals to use channel 15 instead of 21 as well as WVEC-TV's former tower from its channel 15 facility the tower.<sup id="cite_ref-Virg610309_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Virg610309-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only two school systems emerged in favor of the project, those in Hampton and Norfolk.<sup id="cite_ref-Virg610317_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Virg610317-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two school systems formed the Hampton Roads Educational Television Association (HRETA), which formally applied for channel 15 on May 29, 1961.<sup id="cite_ref-Virg610504_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Virg610504-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hc_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hc-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Francis N. Crenshaw, the chairman of the Norfolk school board, predicted the station would be in service by September.<sup id="cite_ref-Ledg610414_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ledg610414-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both school systems set aside funds to help start the station,<sup id="cite_ref-Virg610706_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Virg610706-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a <a href="/wiki/Construction_permit" class="mw-redirect" title="Construction permit">construction permit</a> was issued on July 17, 1961.<sup id="cite_ref-hc_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hc-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The HRETA immediately hired a general manager and executed contracts to buy the former WVEC-TV tower and antenna.<sup id="cite_ref-Virg610719_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Virg610719-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An October 2 start date was set,<sup id="cite_ref-Virg610805_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Virg610805-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as was the call sign WHRO-TV; the first choice, WHRE, belonged to a ship.<sup id="cite_ref-Virg610803_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Virg610803-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The new station also affiliated with <a href="/wiki/National_Educational_Television" title="National Educational Television">National Educational Television</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Virg610824_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Virg610824-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After a delay in the shipment of the transmitter nearly put the start date in doubt,<sup id="cite_ref-Virg611001_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Virg611001-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> WHRO-TV began broadcasting on October 2, 1961, as Virginia's first noncommercial television station; the first broadcast, planned for two hours, was cut to 30 minutes by technical difficulties. The next day, educational programs for classroom use were broadcast for the first time.<sup id="cite_ref-Dail611007_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dail611007-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Virg050911_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Virg050911-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, some schools lacked UHF converters necessary to view the programs on their VHF-only TV sets, and all-channel sets were not being sold in the Norfolk area even though it had only been two years since WVEC-TV moved to VHF.<sup id="cite_ref-Ledg611009_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ledg611009-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> WHRO-TV was the first educational television station in Virginia. After the first year, the association began encouraging other school systems as well as local private and parochial schools to join in an effort to bring down per-student costs by expanding the number of subscribing schools.<sup id="cite_ref-Ledg620829_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ledg620829-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The number of courses offered had grown to 20, ranging from fourth-grade social studies to calculus.<sup id="cite_ref-Virg621118_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Virg621118-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="A_studio_of_its_own">A studio of its own</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WHRO-TV&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: A studio of its own"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Initially, all of the station's locally produced educational programs were filmed at the studios of the three commercial stations in Hampton Roads.<sup id="cite_ref-Dail611003_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dail611003-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The HRETA immediately began searching for a studio site and considered locating the studio at one of three schools in the Norfolk system, favoring a site adjacent to the Norfolk College of William & Mary, which in August 1962 became <a href="/wiki/Old_Dominion_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Dominion College">Old Dominion College</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Virg611115_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Virg611115-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Virg620803_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Virg620803-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first proposal at the Larchmont School site was initially found to be unsuitable due to site conditions,<sup id="cite_ref-Ledg620110_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ledg620110-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the site was approved.<sup id="cite_ref-Dail620214_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dail620214-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 1963, the HRETA awarded a contract for the construction of the studio.<sup id="cite_ref-Dail630130_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dail630130-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Norfolk assumed most of the cost, as it educated more students than Hampton.<sup id="cite_ref-Virg630213_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Virg630213-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The facility was completed in August, at which time the station rented a mobile production unit from WVEC-TV to provide equipment until tape recorders and other hardware could be purchased.<sup id="cite_ref-Ledg630814_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ledg630814-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Programs were still taped and transported to the transmitter until a <a href="/wiki/Microwave_transmission" title="Microwave transmission">microwave</a> link was set up from the studio to Hampton in 1964.<sup id="cite_ref-Dail640311_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dail640311-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>More <a href="/wiki/School_division" title="School division">school divisions</a> would join the HRETA in 1964 and 1966. First, on the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Peninsula" title="Middle Peninsula">Middle Peninsula</a>, schools in <a href="/wiki/Gloucester_County,_Virginia" title="Gloucester County, Virginia">Gloucester County</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mathews_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Mathews County">Mathews County</a> joined after they lost the use of instructional television from <a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Dail641007_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dail641007-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two years later, the schools in the cities of <a href="/wiki/Chesapeake,_Virginia" title="Chesapeake, Virginia">Chesapeake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Newport_News" class="mw-redirect" title="Newport News">Newport News</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portsmouth,_Virginia" title="Portsmouth, Virginia">Portsmouth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suffolk,_Virginia" title="Suffolk, Virginia">Suffolk</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Beach" class="mw-redirect" title="Virginia Beach">Virginia Beach</a>, as well as those in <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Wight_County,_Virginia" title="Isle of Wight County, Virginia">Isle of Wight</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nansemond_County,_Virginia" title="Nansemond County, Virginia">Nansemond</a>, and <a href="/wiki/York_County,_Virginia" title="York County, Virginia">York</a> counties, joined at the board's invitation.<sup id="cite_ref-Dail660319_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dail660319-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dail660608_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dail660608-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the studios were expanded.<sup id="cite_ref-Dail661206_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dail661206-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With these 10 school divisions, the HRETA formally incorporated in 1968.<sup id="cite_ref-Dail680501_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dail680501-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>WHRO-TV received a <a href="/wiki/George_Foster_Peabody_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="George Foster Peabody Award">George Foster Peabody Award</a> in 1972 for its programs for schools, with four specific shows cited in the announcement; this was unusual, given that educational stations typically received awards for a specific program.<sup id="cite_ref-Dail730327_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dail730327-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Growing_beyond_education">Growing beyond education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WHRO-TV&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Growing beyond education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1969, WHRO-TV began a campaign to raise its profile in the community and promote its evening programs for adults from NET; the station also set up a community advisory board.<sup id="cite_ref-Dail690808_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dail690808-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NET was replaced with PBS in 1970.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>John R. Morison was named the president and general manager in 1975 and oversaw a transformative 26-year tenure for the station.<sup id="cite_ref-Dail010624_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dail010624-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That year, WHRO-TV moved to a new tower and transmitter facility near <a href="/wiki/Driver,_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="Driver, Virginia">Driver</a> and became the first public television station on the UHF band to transmit with the maximum 5 million watts.<sup id="cite_ref-Dail750529_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dail750529-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During its construction, two men died in a construction accident, one falling 1,000 feet (300 m) to his death from near the top of the mast.<sup id="cite_ref-Stau750529_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stau750529-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also in 1975, WHRO-TV merged with WTGM-FM, a struggling classical music station owned by the Virginia Cultural Foundation;<sup id="cite_ref-Dail750530_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dail750530-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to reflect advances in technology and its expanded scope, HRETA renamed itself the Hampton Roads Educational Telecommunications Association in 1976.<sup id="cite_ref-Dail760916_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dail760916-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> WTGM-FM was renamed WHRO-FM in 1978;<sup id="cite_ref-Dail780614_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dail780614-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the 89.5 frequency became <a href="/wiki/WHRV" title="WHRV">WHRV</a> when its programming was split and a second <a href="/wiki/WHRO-FM" title="WHRO-FM">WHRO-FM</a> was set up on 90.3 MHz in 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-Virg900708_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Virg900708-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1976, WHRO-TV held its first-ever "Great TV Auction" fundraiser.<sup id="cite_ref-Dail760314_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dail760314-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The station continued to conduct annual fundraising auctions through 1991, after which they were eliminated, having fallen short of its goal in their last year.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1990, WHRO completed a $5 million facility at its existing site, which offered twice the space of its existing studio complex, and renovated the existing building. The completion followed planning that dated back to 1986<sup id="cite_ref-Dail860115_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dail860115-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and an 18-month period in which some staffers worked in temporary buildings.<sup id="cite_ref-Virg900708_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Virg900708-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the time Morison announced his retirement, the staff had doubled from 50 to 100 and operating revenue had risen from $2 million to $9 million.<sup id="cite_ref-Dail000621_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dail000621-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A $10.2 million capital campaign to support the station's conversion to digital broadcasting had raised $13 million.<sup id="cite_ref-Dail010624_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dail010624-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further, in 1996, the <a href="/wiki/Corporation_for_Public_Broadcasting" title="Corporation for Public Broadcasting">Corporation for Public Broadcasting</a> (CPB) cited the station as a model organization.<sup id="cite_ref-Virg050911_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Virg050911-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cutbacks">Cutbacks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WHRO-TV&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Cutbacks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Morison was succeeded by Joseph Widoff, who had worked at <a href="/wiki/WETA-TV" title="WETA-TV">WETA-TV</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, prior to leading HRETA.<sup id="cite_ref-Dail010314_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dail010314-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under Widoff, WHRO completed the launch of its digital television facility, which began broadcasting on channel 16 in March 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When it went on the air, <a href="/wiki/WBOC-TV" title="WBOC-TV">WBOC-TV</a> in <a href="/wiki/Salisbury,_Maryland" title="Salisbury, Maryland">Salisbury, Maryland</a>, which also broadcast in analog on channel 16, complained of interference created by <a href="/wiki/Atmospheric_duct" title="Atmospheric duct">atmospheric ducting</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, Widoff's largest challenge in six years of running the broadcaster was navigating drops in support from the Virginia government, which cut funding by 8 percent and 15 percent in consecutive years.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 2001 to 2005, WHRO cut 23 percent of its staff and canceled all of its weekly local TV programs, including public affairs programs such as <i>Hampton Roads Weekly</i><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i>It's Your Call</i>, becoming the only one of Virginia's five public TV stations with no regular local production. Cuts were prolonged as the station burned through cash reserves from its digitalization capital campaign; from 2003 to 2005, revenues declined by 27 percent. People involved with the station variously described it as in a state of "internal collapse" and "choked with fear and uncertainty and insecurity". The CPB inspector general cited the station for violations of public meeting laws and false certifications. Station officials defended Widoff's belt-tightening as necessary.<sup id="cite_ref-Virg050911_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Virg050911-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Widoff remained for five years at WHRO before resigning in September 2006;<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he was replaced by Bert Schmidt, who joined from <a href="/wiki/WVPT" title="WVPT">WVPT</a> in <a href="/wiki/Harrisonburg,_Virginia" title="Harrisonburg, Virginia">Harrisonburg</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On February 17, 2009—the original date for the <a href="/wiki/Digital_television_transition_in_the_United_States" title="Digital television transition in the United States">digital television transition in the United States</a>—WHRO-TV ceased analog broadcasting on channel 15.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As Virginia state subsidies continued to wane before ultimately being eliminated in 2012, WHRO extended its involvement in educational services sold to local schools. In 2008, WHRO began offering online courses to its member school divisions for free and selling them to others. It also debuted a portal selling workforce training classes. This additional funding helped keep revenues nearly flat and reduced WHRO's dependence on government subsidies.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>WHRO's digital signal—broadcast on channel 16 from its start in 2002 and remaining there after the 2009 digital transition<sup id="cite_ref-Analog_to_Digital_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Analog_to_Digital-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>—moved to channel 31 on July 3, 2020, as a result of the <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_wireless_spectrum_auction" title="2016 United States wireless spectrum auction">2016 United States wireless spectrum auction</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Repack_Table_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Repack_Table-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Funding">Funding</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WHRO-TV&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Funding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In fiscal year 2022, WHRO-TV generated $6.59 million in total revenue. $1.3 million was provided, primarily in the form of a Community Service Grant, from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting; more than $2.5 million was generated by local memberships.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technical_information">Technical information</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WHRO-TV&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Technical information"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Subchannels">Subchannels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WHRO-TV&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Subchannels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The station's signal is <a href="/wiki/Multiplex_(TV)" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiplex (TV)">multiplexed</a>: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Subchannels of WHRO-TV<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Digital_subchannel#United_States" title="Digital subchannel">Channel</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Display_resolution" title="Display resolution">Res.</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Aspect_ratio_(image)" title="Aspect ratio (image)">Aspect</a> </th> <th>Short name </th> <th>Programming </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">15.1 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/1080i" title="1080i">1080i</a></td> <td rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/16:9" class="mw-redirect" title="16:9">16:9</a></td> <td>WHRO-HD</td> <td><a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">15.2 </th> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/480i" title="480i">480i</a></td> <td>World</td> <td><a href="/wiki/World_Channel" title="World Channel">World Channel</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">15.3 </th> <td>Kids</td> <td><a href="/wiki/PBS_Kids" title="PBS Kids">PBS Kids</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">15.4 </th> <td>Create</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Create_(TV_network)" title="Create (TV network)">Create</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">15.5 </th> <td>WHROFNX</td> <td><a href="/wiki/First_Nations_Experience" title="First Nations Experience">First Nations Experience</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Translators_on_the_Eastern_Shore">Translators on the Eastern Shore</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WHRO-TV&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Translators on the Eastern Shore"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Shore_of_Virginia" title="Eastern Shore of Virginia">Eastern Shore of Virginia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Accomack_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Accomack County">Accomack County</a> owns two translators, W18EG-D and W25AA-D (licensed to <a href="/wiki/Onancock" class="mw-redirect" title="Onancock">Onancock</a> and broadcast from <a href="/wiki/Mappsville" class="mw-redirect" title="Mappsville">Mappsville</a>), that provide the main channel of WHRO-TV alongside those of <a href="/wiki/WTKR" title="WTKR">WTKR</a>, <a href="/wiki/WAVY-TV" title="WAVY-TV">WAVY-TV</a>, and WVEC.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WHRO-TV&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enterpriseefiling.fcc.gov/dataentry/public/tv/publicFacilityTechDetails.html?facilityId=25932">"Facility Technical Data for WHRO-TV"</a>. <i>Licensing and Management System</i>. <a href="/wiki/Federal_Communications_Commission" title="Federal Communications Commission">Federal Communications Commission</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Licensing+and+Management+System&rft.atitle=Facility+Technical+Data+for+WHRO-TV&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenterpriseefiling.fcc.gov%2Fdataentry%2Fpublic%2Ftv%2FpublicFacilityTechDetails.html%3FfacilityId%3D25932&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWHRO-TV" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Virg521130-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Virg521130_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRyan1952" class="citation news cs1">Ryan, Jim (November 30, 1952). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-virginian-pilot-educational-tv-no-n/126259291/">"Educational TV: No Norfolk Groups Are Interested"</a>. <i>The Virginian-Pilot</i>. p. 2:16<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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April 21, 1953. pp. 30, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-virginian-pilot-education-tv/126259411/">23</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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August 29, 1962. p. 7. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240425093512/https://www.newspapers.com/article/ledger-star-private-and-parochial-school/126262914/">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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October 3, 1961. p. 3. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240425093449/https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-press-educational-tv-in-classrooms/126261998/">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 12,</span> 2023</span> – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Press&rft.atitle=Educational+TV+In+Classrooms+To+Begin+Today&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1961-10-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fdaily-press-educational-tv-in-classrooms%2F126261998%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWHRO-TV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Virg611115-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Virg611115_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-virginian-pilot-building-proposed-w/126262051/">"Building Proposed: W&M May Become School TV Partner"</a>. <i>The Virginian-Pilot</i>. November 15, 1961. p. 9. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240425093450/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-virginian-pilot-building-proposed-w/126262051/">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 12,</span> 2023</span> – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Virginian-Pilot&rft.atitle=Building+Proposed%3A+W%26M+May+Become+School+TV+Partner&rft.pages=9&rft.date=1961-11-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fthe-virginian-pilot-building-proposed-w%2F126262051%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWHRO-TV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Virg620803-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Virg620803_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFStevens1962" class="citation news cs1">Stevens, William K. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 12,</span> 2023</span> – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Virginian-Pilot&rft.atitle=New+Name+in+Norfolk%3A+Old+Dominion+College&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1962-08-03&rft.aulast=Stevens&rft.aufirst=William+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fthe-virginian-pilot-new-name-in-norfolk%2F126262490%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWHRO-TV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ledg620110-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ledg620110_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/ledger-star-educational-tv-station-plans/126262738/">"Educational TV Station Plans Snag"</a>. <i>Ledger-Dispatch and Star</i>. January 10, 1962. p. 12. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240425093451/https://www.newspapers.com/article/ledger-star-educational-tv-station-plans/126262738/">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 12,</span> 2023</span> – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ledger-Dispatch+and+Star&rft.atitle=Educational+TV+Station+Plans+Snag&rft.pages=12&rft.date=1962-01-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fledger-star-educational-tv-station-plans%2F126262738%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWHRO-TV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dail620214-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dail620214_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-press-educational-tv-trustees-appr/126262836/">"Educational TV Trustees Approve $100,000 Studio; Land Sought From Norfolk"</a>. <i>Daily Press</i>. February 14, 1962. p. 3<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 12,</span> 2023</span> – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Press&rft.atitle=Educational+TV+Trustees+Approve+%24100%2C000+Studio%3B+Land+Sought+From+Norfolk&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1962-02-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fdaily-press-educational-tv-trustees-appr%2F126262836%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWHRO-TV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dail630130-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dail630130_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-press-educational-tv-studio-contra/126263104/">"Educational TV Studio Contract Let"</a>. <i>Daily Press</i>. January 30, 1963. p. 3, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-press-educational-tv-studio-contra/126263139/">24</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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February 13, 1963. p. 13<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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October 7, 1964. p. 19<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 25,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Virginian-Pilot&rft.atitle=WTAR+is+switching+to+an+all-news+format&rft.pages=G3&rft.date=1991-06-30&rft.aulast=Hanson&rft.aufirst=Cynthia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.genealogybank.com%2Fnewspaper-clippings%2Fwtar-switching-all-news-format%2Fqzndyqhksqzchrqsslkyacieziyfmpzh_ip-10-166-46-71_1714031989231&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWHRO-TV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dail860115-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dail860115_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPage1986" class="citation news cs1">Page, Lynda R. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 25,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Virginian-Pilot&rft.atitle=Local+stations%27+progress+report&rft.pages=D2&rft.date=2002-06-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.genealogybank.com%2Fnewspaper-clippings%2Flocal-stations-progress-report%2Furxvamieajhexarvzgyzttyzzrloewwo_ip-10-166-46-73_1714032146071&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWHRO-TV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFShapiro2002" class="citation news cs1">Shapiro, Carolyn (July 2, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings/md-station-blames-static-whros-digital-signal/akvfswadebgirdxrxsuezdrulyzuisnb_ip-10-166-46-126_1714032324848">"Md. station blames static on WHRO's digital signal"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Virginian-Pilot" title="The Virginian-Pilot">The Virginian-Pilot</a></i>. pp. D1, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings/signal/jxfkfnrdgdoznmlkjdgakkswliqordvt_ip-10-166-46-75_1714032351003">D2</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240425095231/https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings/md-station-blames-static-whros-digital-signal/akvfswadebgirdxrxsuezdrulyzuisnb_ip-10-166-46-126_1714032324848">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 25,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Virginian-Pilot&rft.atitle=Md.+station+blames+static+on+WHRO%27s+digital+signal&rft.pages=D1%2C+D2&rft.date=2002-07-02&rft.aulast=Shapiro&rft.aufirst=Carolyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.genealogybank.com%2Fnewspaper-clippings%2Fmd-station-blames-static-whros-digital-signal%2Fakvfswadebgirdxrxsuezdrulyzuisnb_ip-10-166-46-126_1714032324848&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWHRO-TV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBonko2003" class="citation news cs1">Bonko, Larry (January 12, 2003). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 25,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Virginian-Pilot&rft.atitle=WHRO+pulls+plug+on+%27Hampton+Roads+Weekly%27&rft.pages=E1%2C+E2&rft.date=2003-06-22&rft.aulast=Bonko&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.genealogybank.com%2Fnewspaper-clippings%2Fwhro-pulls-plug-hampton-roads-weekly%2Fwguqenmdhqzxfzdegkfvspuowshwlwux_ip-10-166-46-161_1714032451882&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWHRO-TV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBonko2006" class="citation news cs1">Bonko, Larry (September 2, 2006). 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Associated Press. February 17, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230106052115/https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna29245267">Archived</a> from the original on January 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 20,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=List+of+TV+stations+ending+analog+broadcasts&rft.date=2009-02-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fid%2Fwbna29245267&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWHRO-TV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJanssen2014" class="citation news cs1">Janssen, Mike (February 25, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://current.org/2014/02/pubtv-stations-earn-new-revenues-as-problem-solver-for-educators/">"PubTV stations earn new revenues as 'problem-solver' for educators"</a>. <i>Current</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230128135552/https://current.org/2014/02/pubtv-stations-earn-new-revenues-as-problem-solver-for-educators/">Archived</a> from the original on January 28, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 12,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current&rft.atitle=PubTV+stations+earn+new+revenues+as+%27problem-solver%27+for+educators&rft.date=2014-02-25&rft.aulast=Janssen&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcurrent.org%2F2014%2F02%2Fpubtv-stations-earn-new-revenues-as-problem-solver-for-educators%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWHRO-TV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Analog_to_Digital-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Analog_to_Digital_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130829004251/http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-06-1082A2.pdf">"DTV Tentative Channel Designations for the First and Second Rounds"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Federal Communications Commission. May 23, 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-06-1082A2.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on August 29, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 29,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=DTV+Tentative+Channel+Designations+for+the+First+and+Second+Rounds&rft.pub=Federal+Communications+Commission&rft.date=2006-05-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhraunfoss.fcc.gov%2Fedocs_public%2Fattachmatch%2FDA-06-1082A2.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWHRO-TV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Repack_Table-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Repack_Table_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.fcc.gov/download/incentive-auctions/Transition_Files/Phase_Assignment_Closing_PN.csv">"FCC TV Spectrum Phase Assignment Table"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(CSV)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Federal_Communications_Commission" title="Federal Communications Commission">Federal Communications Commission</a></i>. April 13, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170417160749/http://data.fcc.gov/download/incentive-auctions/Transition_Files/Phase_Assignment_Closing_PN.csv">Archived</a> from the original on April 17, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 17,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Federal+Communications+Commission&rft.atitle=FCC+TV+Spectrum+Phase+Assignment+Table&rft.date=2017-04-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.fcc.gov%2Fdownload%2Fincentive-auctions%2FTransition_Files%2FPhase_Assignment_Closing_PN.csv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWHRO-TV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whro.org/2-uncategorised/4017-important-message-to-our-tv-viewers">"Important Message to our TV Viewers: New Broadcast Frequency"</a>. <i>WHRO</i>. October 1, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210601000801/https://whro.org/2-uncategorised/4017-important-message-to-our-tv-viewers">Archived</a> from the original on June 1, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 12,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WHRO&rft.atitle=Important+Message+to+our+TV+Viewers%3A+New+Broadcast+Frequency&rft.date=2019-10-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwhro.org%2F2-uncategorised%2F4017-important-message-to-our-tv-viewers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWHRO-TV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://corporate.whro.org/images/reports/fy22_whrotv_afr.pdf">"Annual Financial Report 2022, WHRO-TV"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. WHRO Public Media. 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240425083359/https://corporate.whro.org/images/reports/fy22_whrotv_afr.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on April 25, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 12,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Annual+Financial+Report+2022%2C+WHRO-TV&rft.pub=WHRO+Public+Media&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcorporate.whro.org%2Fimages%2Freports%2Ffy22_whrotv_afr.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWHRO-TV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rabbitears.info/market.php?request=station_search&callsign=WHRO#station">"RabbitEars TV Query for WHRO"</a>. <i>RabbitEars.info</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170402165450/http://www.rabbitears.info/market.php?request=station_search&callsign=WHRO#station">Archived</a> from the original on April 2, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 2,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RabbitEars.info&rft.atitle=RabbitEars+TV+Query+for+WHRO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rabbitears.info%2Fmarket.php%3Frequest%3Dstation_search%26callsign%3DWHRO%23station&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWHRO-TV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rabbitears.info/market.php?mktid=434">"Eastern Shore, Virginia"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/RabbitEars" title="RabbitEars">RabbitEars</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221204221657/https://www.rabbitears.info/market.php?mktid=434">Archived</a> from the original on December 4, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 11,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RabbitEars&rft.atitle=Eastern+Shore%2C+Virginia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rabbitears.info%2Fmarket.php%3Fmktid%3D434&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWHRO-TV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.co.accomack.va.us/departments/information-technology/translator-television">"Translator Television"</a>. <i>Accomack County</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230419055634/https://www.co.accomack.va.us/departments/information-technology/translator-television">Archived</a> from the original on April 19, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 11,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Accomack+County&rft.atitle=Translator+Television&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.co.accomack.va.us%2Fdepartments%2Finformation-technology%2Ftranslator-television&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWHRO-TV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WHRO-TV&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whro.org/">Official website</a></span></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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television</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Hampton_Roads" title="Hampton Roads">Hampton Roads</a> and <a href="/wiki/Outer_Banks" title="Outer Banks">Outer Banks</a> regions</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dd>This region includes the following cities: <a href="/wiki/Norfolk,_VA" class="mw-redirect" title="Norfolk, VA">Norfolk</a>/<a href="/wiki/Virginia_Beach,_VA" class="mw-redirect" title="Virginia Beach, VA">Virginia Beach</a>/<a href="/wiki/Chesapeake,_VA" class="mw-redirect" title="Chesapeake, VA">Chesapeake</a>/<a href="/wiki/Newport_News,_VA" class="mw-redirect" title="Newport News, VA">Newport News, VA</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_City,_NC" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth City, NC">Elizabeth City, NC</a><br />Reception may vary by location and some stations may only be viewable with <a href="/wiki/Cable_television" title="Cable television">cable television</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television" title="Digital terrestrial television">Full power</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PBS_North_Carolina" title="PBS North Carolina">WUND-TV</a> (2.1 <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a>, 2.2 <a href="/wiki/PBS_Kids" title="PBS Kids">Kids</a>, 2.3 Explorer, 2.4 North Carolina)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTKR" title="WTKR">WTKR</a> (3.1 <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a>, 3.2 <a href="/wiki/Court_TV" title="Court TV">Court</a>, 3.3 <a href="/wiki/Bounce_TV" title="Bounce TV">Bounce</a>, 3.4 <a href="/wiki/HSN" title="HSN">HSN</a>, 3.5 <a href="/wiki/QVC" title="QVC">QVC</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSKY-TV" title="WSKY-TV">WSKY-TV</a> (4.1 <a href="/wiki/Independent_station" title="Independent station">Ind.</a>, 4.2 <a href="/wiki/Start_TV" title="Start TV">Start</a>, 4.3 <a href="/wiki/Movies!" title="Movies!">Movies!</a>, 4.4 <a href="/wiki/Buzzr" title="Buzzr">Buzzr</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WAVY-TV" title="WAVY-TV">WAVY-TV</a> (10.1 <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a>, 10.2 <a href="/wiki/The_Nest_(TV_network)" title="The Nest (TV network)">Nest</a>, 10.3 <a href="/wiki/Get_(TV_network)" title="Get (TV network)">Get</a>, 10.4 <a href="/wiki/Defy_TV" class="mw-redirect" title="Defy TV">Defy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WVEC" title="WVEC">WVEC</a> (13.1 <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a>, 13.2 <a href="/wiki/True_Crime_Network" title="True Crime Network">Crime</a>, 13.3 <a href="/wiki/MeTV" title="MeTV">MeTV</a>, 13.4 <a href="/wiki/Quest_(American_TV_network)" title="Quest (American TV network)">Quest</a>, 13.5 <a href="/wiki/The365" class="mw-redirect" title="The365">The365</a>, 13.6 <a href="/wiki/Outlaw_(TV_network)" class="mw-redirect" title="Outlaw (TV network)">Outlaw</a>, 13.7 <a href="/wiki/Heroes_%26_Icons" title="Heroes & Icons">H&I</a>, 13.8 <a href="/wiki/Shop_LC" title="Shop LC">LC</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">WHRO-TV</a> (15.1 <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a>, 15.2 <a href="/wiki/World_Channel" title="World Channel">World</a>, 15.3 <a href="/wiki/PBS_Kids" title="PBS Kids">Kids</a>, 15.4 <a href="/wiki/Create_(TV_network)" title="Create (TV network)">Create</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTPC-TV" title="WTPC-TV">WTPC-TV</a> (21.1 <a href="/wiki/Trinity_Broadcasting_Network" title="Trinity Broadcasting Network">TBN</a>, 21.2 <a href="/wiki/Merit_Street_Media" class="mw-redirect" title="Merit Street Media">Merit</a>, 21.3 <a href="/wiki/TBN_Inspire" title="TBN Inspire">Inspire</a>, 21.4 <a href="/wiki/Smile_(TV_network)" title="Smile (TV network)">Smile</a>, 21.5 <a href="/wiki/Positiv" title="Positiv">Positiv</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGNT" title="WGNT">WGNT</a> (27.1 <a href="/wiki/Independent_station" title="Independent station">Ind.</a>, 27.2 <a href="/wiki/Antenna_TV" title="Antenna TV">ANT</a>, 27.3 <a href="/wiki/Grit_(TV_network)" title="Grit (TV network)">Grit</a>, 27.4 <a href="/wiki/Dabl" title="Dabl">Dabl</a>, 27.5 <a href="/wiki/QVC#QVC2" title="QVC">QVC2</a>, 27.6 <a href="/wiki/HSN#HSN2" title="HSN">HSN2</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTVZ-TV" title="WTVZ-TV">WTVZ-TV</a> (33.1 <a href="/wiki/MyNetworkTV" title="MyNetworkTV">MNT</a>, 33.2 <a href="/wiki/Charge!_(TV_network)" title="Charge! (TV network)">Charge</a>, 33.3 <a href="/wiki/Comet_(TV_network)" title="Comet (TV network)">Comet</a>, 33.4 <a href="/wiki/TBD_(TV_network)" title="TBD (TV network)">TBD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WVBT" title="WVBT">WVBT</a> (43.1 <a href="/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Company" title="Fox Broadcasting Company">Fox</a>, 43.2 <a href="/wiki/The_CW" title="The CW">CW</a>, 43.3 <a href="/wiki/Rewind_TV" title="Rewind TV">REW</a>, 43.4 <a href="/wiki/Cozi_TV" title="Cozi TV">Cozi</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WPXV-TV" title="WPXV-TV">WPXV-TV</a> (49.1 <a href="/wiki/Ion_Television" title="Ion Television">Ion</a>, 49.2 <a href="/wiki/Scripps_News" title="Scripps News">Scripps</a>, 49.3 <a href="/wiki/Ion_Mystery" title="Ion Mystery">Mystery</a>, 49.4 <a href="/wiki/Ion_Plus" title="Ion Plus">Ion+</a>, 49.5 <a href="/wiki/Laff_(TV_network)" title="Laff (TV network)">Laff</a>, 49.6 <a href="/wiki/Jewelry_Television" title="Jewelry Television">JTV</a>, 49.7 <a href="/wiki/QVC" title="QVC">QVC</a>, 49.8 <a href="/wiki/HSN" title="HSN">HSN</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Low-power_broadcasting#Television" title="Low-power broadcasting">Low-power</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WGBS-LD" title="WGBS-LD">WGBS-LD</a> (7.1 <a href="/wiki/Infomercial" title="Infomercial">Ads</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=W26EV-D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="W26EV-D (page does not exist)">W26EV-D</a> (14.1/3 <a href="/wiki/HSN" title="HSN">HSN</a>, 14.2/4/5 <a href="/wiki/QVC" title="QVC">QVC</a>, 14.6 <a href="/wiki/Dabl" title="Dabl">Dabl</a>)</li> <li>W17CT-D (17.1 <a href="/wiki/Retro_Television_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Retro Television Network">RTV</a>, 17.2/3 <a href="/wiki/Rev%27n" title="Rev'n">Rev'n</a>, 17.4 <a href="/wiki/NewsNet" title="NewsNet">NewsNet</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=W18BB-D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="W18BB-D (page does not exist)">W18BB-D</a> (18.1 <a href="/wiki/YTA_TV" title="YTA TV">YTA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WYSJ-CD" class="mw-redirect" title="WYSJ-CD">WYSJ-CD</a> (19.1 Classic TV)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=W24EC-D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="W24EC-D (page does not exist)">W24EC-D</a> (24.1 AMGTV, 24.2 Walk)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WVAD-LD" class="mw-redirect" title="WVAD-LD">WVAD-LD</a> (25.1 <a href="/wiki/Daystar_(TV_network)" class="mw-redirect" title="Daystar (TV network)">Daystar</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WJGN-CD" class="mw-redirect" title="WJGN-CD">WJGN-CD</a> (38.1 <a href="/wiki/NRB_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="NRB Network">NRB</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/ATSC_standards#ATSC_3.0" title="ATSC standards">ATSC 3.0</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>WMTO-LD</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WNLO-CD" class="mw-redirect" title="WNLO-CD">WNLO-CD</a> (<a href="/wiki/WAVY-TV" title="WAVY-TV">10.1</a> <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/WTVZ-TV" title="WTVZ-TV">33.1</a> <a href="/wiki/MyNetworkTV" title="MyNetworkTV">MNT</a>, <a href="/wiki/WVBT" title="WVBT">43.1</a>/45.1 <a href="/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Company" title="Fox Broadcasting Company">Fox</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cable_television" title="Cable television">Cable</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/YurView" title="YurView">YurView Virginia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dark_(broadcasting)" title="Dark (broadcasting)">Defunct</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WVBN-LP" title="WVBN-LP">WVBN-LP 18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WACH-TV_(Virginia)" title="WACH-TV (Virginia)">WACH-TV 33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WPEN-LP" title="WPEN-LP">WPEN-LP 68</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_News_on_Cable" title="Local News on Cable">Local News on Cable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WAVY-TV#WAVY_Weather_Station" title="WAVY-TV">WAVY Weather Station</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt>See also</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Greenville/New_Bern/Washington_TV" title="Template:Greenville/New Bern/Washington TV">Greenville/New Bern/Washington TV</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Raleigh-Durham_TV" title="Template:Raleigh-Durham TV">Raleigh/Durham TV</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Richmond_TV" title="Template:Richmond TV">Richmond TV</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Salisbury_TV" title="Template:Salisbury TV">Salisbury TV</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="PBS_member_stations_in_the_Commonwealth_of_Virginia469" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:PBS_Virginia" title="Template:PBS Virginia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:PBS_Virginia" title="Template talk:PBS Virginia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:PBS_Virginia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:PBS Virginia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="PBS_member_stations_in_the_Commonwealth_of_Virginia469" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a> member stations in the Commonwealth of <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WUND-TV" class="mw-redirect" title="WUND-TV">WUND-TV 2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Template:Hampton_Roads_TV" title="Template:Hampton Roads TV">Edenton, NC</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBRA-TV" title="WBRA-TV">WBRA-TV 15</a> (<a href="/wiki/Template:Roanoke_TV" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Roanoke TV">Roanoke</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">WHRO-TV 15</a> (<a href="/wiki/Template:Hampton_Roads_TV" title="Template:Hampton Roads TV">Hampton</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCVE-TV" title="WCVE-TV">WCVE-TV 23 / WCVW 57</a><sub><a href="/wiki/ATSC_3.0" title="ATSC 3.0">ATSC 3.0</a></sub> (<a href="/wiki/Template:Richmond_TV" title="Template:Richmond TV">Richmond</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WETA-TV" title="WETA-TV">WETA-TV 26</a> (<a href="/wiki/Template:Washington_TV" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Washington TV">Washington, DC</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCVE-TV" title="WCVE-TV">WHTJ 41</a> (<a href="/wiki/Template:Charlottesville_TV" title="Template:Charlottesville TV">Charlottesville</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WVPT" title="WVPT">WVPT 51.1 / WVPY 51.2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Template:Harrisonburg_TV" title="Template:Harrisonburg TV">Harrisonburg / Staunton</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PBS_Appalachia_Virginia" title="PBS Appalachia Virginia">PBS Appalachia Virginia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Template:Tri-Cities_TV" title="Template:Tri-Cities TV">Tri-Cities</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"> <dl><dt>See also</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:ABC_Virginia" title="Template:ABC Virginia">ABC</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:CBS_Virginia" title="Template:CBS Virginia">CBS</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:CW_Virginia" title="Template:CW Virginia">CW</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Fox_Virginia" title="Template:Fox Virginia">Fox</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:ION_Virginia" title="Template:ION Virginia">Ion</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:MNTV_Virginia" title="Template:MNTV Virginia">MyNetworkTV</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:NBC_Virginia" title="Template:NBC Virginia">NBC</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:PBS_Virginia" title="Template:PBS Virginia">PBS</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Other_Virginia_Stations" title="Template:Other Virginia Stations">Other stations in Virginia</a></dd></dl> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=WHRO-TV&oldid=1283753938">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=WHRO-TV&oldid=1283753938</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:PBS_member_stations" title="Category:PBS member stations">PBS member stations</a></li><li><a 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