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Lutefisk - Wikipedia
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<span>Preparation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Preparation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cooking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cooking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Cooking</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cooking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eating" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eating"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Eating</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eating-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_consumption" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_consumption"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Modern consumption</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_consumption-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Folklore" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Folklore"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Folklore</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Folklore-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spellings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spellings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Spellings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spellings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Other sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Lutefisk</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 30 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutefisk" title="Lutefisk – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Lutefisk" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%84%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Лютэфіск – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Лютэфіск" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D1%82%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Лютфиск – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Лютфиск" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutefisk" title="Lutefisk – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Lutefisk" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludfisk" title="Ludfisk – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ludfisk" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutefisk" title="Lutefisk – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lutefisk" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libekala" title="Libekala – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Libekala" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutefisk" title="Lutefisk – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lutefisk" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutefisk" title="Lutefisk – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Lutefisk" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutefisk" title="Lutefisk – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Lutefisk" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%ED%85%8C%ED%94%BC%EC%8A%A4%ED%81%AC" title="루테피스크 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="루테피스크" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%A5%D6%86%D5%AB%D5%BD%D6%84" title="Լյութեֆիսք – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լյութեֆիսք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutefisk" title="Lutefisk – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Lutefisk" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BAtfiskur" title="Lútfiskur – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Lútfiskur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutefisk" title="Lutefisk – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lutefisk" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%98%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%A7" title="לוטפיסק – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לוטפיסק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutefisk" title="Lutefisk – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Lutefisk" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutefisk" title="Lutefisk – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Lutefisk" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%95%E3%82%A3%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AF" title="ルートフィスク – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルートフィスク" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutefisk" title="Lutefisk – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Lutefisk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutefisk" title="Lutefisk – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Lutefisk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutefisk" title="Lutefisk – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Lutefisk" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutefisk" title="Lutefisk – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Lutefisk" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Лютефиск – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лютефиск" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipe%C3%A4kala" title="Lipeäkala – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lipeäkala" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutfisk" title="Lutfisk – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Lutfisk" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%8C" title="ลือเตอฟิสก์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ลือเตอฟิสก์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Лютефіск – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Лютефіск" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutefisk" title="Lutefisk – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Lutefisk" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%B9%BC%E6%BC%AC%E9%AD%9A" title="鹼漬魚 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="鹼漬魚" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q890197#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" 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role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Lutefish" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutefish">lutefish</a>, freshwater fishes native to Africa.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Nordic dried fish dish</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output 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ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Lutefisk" title="Special:EditPage/Lutefisk">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Lutefisk%22">"Lutefisk"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Lutefisk%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Lutefisk%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Lutefisk%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Lutefisk%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Lutefisk%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2015</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ForkLutefisk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/ForkLutefisk.jpg/220px-ForkLutefisk.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/ForkLutefisk.jpg/330px-ForkLutefisk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/ForkLutefisk.jpg/440px-ForkLutefisk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2546" data-file-height="2038" /></a><figcaption>Lutefisk prepared to eat</figcaption></figure> <p><i><b>Lutefisk</b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Norwegian_language" title="Norwegian language">Norwegian</a>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="no-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Norwegian" title="Help:IPA/Norwegian">[ˈlʉ̂ːtfɛsk]</a></span> <small>in Northern and parts of <a href="/wiki/Central_Norway" title="Central Norway">Central Norway</a>,</small> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="no-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Norwegian" title="Help:IPA/Norwegian">[ˈlʉ̂ːtəˌfɪsk]</a></span> <small>in <a href="/wiki/Southern_Norway" title="Southern Norway">Southern Norway</a></small>; <a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a>: <i lang="sv"><b>lutfisk</b></i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="sv-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Swedish" title="Help:IPA/Swedish">[ˈlʉ̂ːtfɪsk]</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a>: <i lang="fi">lipeäkala</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fi-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Finnish" title="Help:IPA/Finnish">[ˈlipeæˌkɑlɑ]</a></span>; literally "<a href="/wiki/Lye" title="Lye">lye</a> fish") is <a href="/wiki/Dried_fish" title="Dried fish">dried</a> <a href="/wiki/Whitefish_(fisheries_term)" title="Whitefish (fisheries term)">whitefish</a>, usually <a href="/wiki/Cod" title="Cod">cod</a>, but sometimes <a href="/wiki/Common_ling" title="Common ling">ling</a> or <a href="/wiki/Burbot" title="Burbot">burbot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Curing_(food_preservation)" title="Curing (food preservation)">cured</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lye" title="Lye">lye</a>. It is made from aged <a href="/wiki/Stockfish" title="Stockfish">stockfish</a> (air-dried whitefish), or <a href="/wiki/Dried_and_salted_cod" title="Dried and salted cod">dried and salted cod</a>. The fish takes a <a href="/wiki/Gelatinous" class="mw-redirect" title="Gelatinous">gelatinous</a> texture after being rehydrated for days prior to eating.<sup id="cite_ref-nordarchive_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nordarchive-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lutefisk is prepared as a seafood dish of several <a href="/wiki/Nordic_countries" title="Nordic countries">Nordic countries</a>. It is traditionally part of the Christmas feasts Norwegian <a href="/wiki/Julebord" title="Julebord">julebord</a>, Swedish <a href="/wiki/Julbord" class="mw-redirect" title="Julbord">julbord</a>, and Finnish <a href="/wiki/Joulup%C3%B6yt%C3%A4" title="Joulupöytä">joulupöytä</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origin">Origin</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lutefisk&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Svolv%C3%A6r_fish_drying.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Svolv%C3%A6r_fish_drying.jpg/220px-Svolv%C3%A6r_fish_drying.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Svolv%C3%A6r_fish_drying.jpg/330px-Svolv%C3%A6r_fish_drying.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Svolv%C3%A6r_fish_drying.jpg/440px-Svolv%C3%A6r_fish_drying.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Racks for drying fish in <a href="/wiki/Svolv%C3%A6r" title="Svolvær">Svolvær</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dried_fish_in_Svolv%C3%A6r.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Dried_fish_in_Svolv%C3%A6r.jpg/220px-Dried_fish_in_Svolv%C3%A6r.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Dried_fish_in_Svolv%C3%A6r.jpg/330px-Dried_fish_in_Svolv%C3%A6r.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Dried_fish_in_Svolv%C3%A6r.jpg/440px-Dried_fish_in_Svolv%C3%A6r.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a><figcaption>Fish drying in Svolvær, Norway</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dried_fish_in_Greenland.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Dried_fish_in_Greenland.JPG/220px-Dried_fish_in_Greenland.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Dried_fish_in_Greenland.JPG/330px-Dried_fish_in_Greenland.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Dried_fish_in_Greenland.JPG/440px-Dried_fish_in_Greenland.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dried_fish" title="Dried fish">Dried fish</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Preserved fish provided protein for generations in a part of the world with a strong fishing tradition. It is not known when people first started treating dried fish with lye. The reason was probably that the lack of major salt deposits in the area favored the drying process for the preservation of whitefish, a process known for millennia.<sup id="cite_ref-Janik_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Janik-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-diehl_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diehl-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Stockfish is very nutrient-rich and was consumed domestically, although it was during the boom in the stockfish trade in the late Middle Ages that it became accessible throughout Scandinavia as well as the rest of Europe. Higher-quality stockfish would be soaked in water, then boiled and eaten with melted butter. Lower-quality fish would be harder and require longer boiling, using more fuel; it has been suggested that adding ash from beech or birch to the boiling water would break down the protein chains and speed up the process. The introduction of lye in the preparation process might therefore have been incidental.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Preparation">Preparation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lutefisk&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Preparation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lutefisk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Lutefisk.jpg/220px-Lutefisk.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Lutefisk.jpg/330px-Lutefisk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Lutefisk.jpg/440px-Lutefisk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Lutefisk (on the upper left side of the plate) served in a Norwegian restaurant with potatoes, mashed peas, and bacon.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fish_Lutefisk.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Fish_Lutefisk.JPG/220px-Fish_Lutefisk.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Fish_Lutefisk.JPG/330px-Fish_Lutefisk.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Fish_Lutefisk.JPG/440px-Fish_Lutefisk.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4896" data-file-height="3672" /></a><figcaption>Lutefisk ready to eat.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:17MaiLutefisk2006-05-17.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/17MaiLutefisk2006-05-17.JPG/220px-17MaiLutefisk2006-05-17.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/17MaiLutefisk2006-05-17.JPG/330px-17MaiLutefisk2006-05-17.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/17MaiLutefisk2006-05-17.JPG/440px-17MaiLutefisk2006-05-17.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1465" data-file-height="1901" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Constitution_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Norwegian Constitution Day">Norwegian Constitution Day</a> dinner in <a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a>, with lutefisk, <a href="/wiki/Lefse" title="Lefse">lefse</a>, and meatballs (<a href="/wiki/Norwegian_language" title="Norwegian language">Norwegian</a>: <i lang="no">kjøttkaker</i>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Norway-Lutefisk-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Norway-Lutefisk-01.jpg/220px-Norway-Lutefisk-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Norway-Lutefisk-01.jpg/330px-Norway-Lutefisk-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Norway-Lutefisk-01.jpg/440px-Norway-Lutefisk-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Lutefisk for sale in a Norwegian market.</figcaption></figure> <p>The first step in preserving is soaking the fish for five to six days, with the water changed daily. The saturated lutefisk is then soaked in an unchanged solution of cold water and lye for an additional two days. The fish swells during this soaking, and its <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">protein</a> content decreases by more than 50 percent, producing a jelly-like consistency. </p><p>When this treatment is finished, the fish is saturated with lye and inedible, with a <a href="/wiki/PH" title="PH">pH</a> of 11–12. </p><p>To make the fish edible, a final treatment of another four to six days of soaking in cold water changed daily is needed. The lutefisk is then ready to be cooked.<sup id="cite_ref-diehl_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diehl-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cooking">Cooking</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lutefisk&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Cooking"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the preparation, the lutefisk is saturated with water and must therefore be cooked extremely carefully so that it does not fall to pieces. </p><p>To create a firm consistency in lutefisk, it is common to spread a layer of salt over the fish about half an hour before it is cooked, to leach some of the water out of the fish meat. The salt must be rinsed off before cooking. </p><p>Lutefisk does not need additional water for cooking; it is sufficient to place it in a pan, salt it, seal the lid tightly, and let it <a href="/wiki/Steaming" title="Steaming">steam</a> on a very low heat for 20–25 minutes. An alternative is to wrap it in <a href="/wiki/Aluminium_foil" title="Aluminium foil">aluminium foil</a> and bake at 225 °C (435 °F) for 40–50 minutes.<sup id="cite_ref-nordarchive_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nordarchive-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another option is to <a href="/wiki/Parboil" class="mw-redirect" title="Parboil">parboil</a> lutefisk, wrapped in <a href="/wiki/Cheesecloth" title="Cheesecloth">cheesecloth</a>, until tender. Lutefisk can also be boiled in water, or cooked in a <a href="/wiki/Microwave_oven" title="Microwave oven">microwave oven</a>. The typical microwave cooking time for a whole fish, supplied as a package of two sides, is 8 to 10 minutes at high power in a covered dish, depending upon oven power.<sup id="cite_ref-stradley_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stradley-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eating">Eating</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lutefisk&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Eating"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lutefisk is traditionally served with boiled potatoes, mashed green peas, melted butter and small pieces of fried bacon. </p><p>In Norway, Sweden and Finland, lutefisk is a part of the Christmas tradition and is mostly eaten with boiled potatoes, green peas and white sauce. Regional variations include a sprinkle of freshly ground <a href="/wiki/Allspice" title="Allspice">allspice</a> or <a href="/wiki/Black_pepper" title="Black pepper">black pepper</a> and the addition of coarsely ground <a href="/wiki/Mustard_seed" title="Mustard seed">mustard</a> in the white sauce (in <a href="/wiki/Scania" title="Scania">Scania</a>). In parts of <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A4mtland" title="Jämtland">Jämtland</a> it is served on flatbread with <a href="/wiki/Whey_cheese" title="Whey cheese">whey cheese</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the United States, lutefisk is often served with a variety of side dishes, including bacon, peas, pea stew, potatoes, <a href="/wiki/Lefse" title="Lefse">lefse</a>, gravy, mashed <a href="/wiki/Rutabaga" title="Rutabaga">rutabaga</a>, <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9chamel_sauce" title="Béchamel sauce">white sauce</a>, melted or <a href="/wiki/Clarified_butter" title="Clarified butter">clarified butter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Syrup" title="Syrup">syrup</a>, and geitost, or "old" cheese (<a href="/wiki/Gammelost" class="mw-redirect" title="Gammelost">gammelost</a>). It is sometimes eaten with meatballs, which is not traditional in Scandinavia. Side dishes vary greatly from family to family and region to region, and can be a source of jovial contention when eaters of different traditions of lutefisk dine together.<sup id="cite_ref-nordarchive_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nordarchive-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The taste of well-prepared lutefisk is very mild, and the white sauce is often spiced with pepper or other strong-tasting spices. In <a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a>, this method (seasoned with <a href="/wiki/Allspice" title="Allspice">allspice</a>) is common among <a href="/wiki/Swedish-Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Swedish-Americans">Swedish-Americans</a>, while <a href="/wiki/Norwegian-Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Norwegian-Americans">Norwegian-Americans</a> often prefer to eat it unseasoned with melted butter or cream sauce.<sup id="cite_ref-stradley_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stradley-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_consumption">Modern consumption</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lutefisk&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Modern consumption"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lutefisk as a Christmas season meal has gained attention in Norway over the past 20 years.<sup id="cite_ref-Soppeland_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Soppeland-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Norwegian Seafood Export Council indicated sales of lutefisk to restaurants and catering companies in Norway increased by 72% between 2005 and 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-Soppeland_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Soppeland-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2005 survey found 20% of Norwegians ate lutefisk during the <a href="/wiki/Christmas_and_holiday_season" title="Christmas and holiday season">Christmas holiday season</a>, although only 3% would consider it for their Christmas dinner.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Madison,_Minnesota" title="Madison, Minnesota">Madison, Minnesota</a> has dubbed itself the "lutefisk capital of the world" as well as claiming the largest per capita consumption of lutefisk in Minnesota.<sup id="cite_ref-Janik_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Janik-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/St._Olaf_College" title="St. Olaf College">St. Olaf College</a> in Northfield, Minnesota serves lutefisk during their Christmas Festival concerts.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many Lutheran churches across Wisconsin serve lutefisk dinners as a yearly tradition. Four popular churches are St. Olaf Lutheran Church in Dodge County, Christ Lutheran Church in DeForest, Orfordville Lutheran Church in Rock County and Northland Lutheran Church in Iola. </p><p>Lutefisk is also eaten in Canada, which has a relatively large <a href="/wiki/Nordic_and_Scandinavian_Canadians" title="Nordic and Scandinavian Canadians">Scandinavian population</a> particularly in the traditionally agricultural, western inland provinces. As of 2016, there were about 463,000 Norwegian Canadians, 350,000 Swedish Canadians, 207,000 Danish Canadians and 143,000 Finnish Canadians.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Organizations such as the <a href="/wiki/Sons_of_Norway" title="Sons of Norway">Sons of Norway</a> hold annual lutefisk dinners. Lutefisk is sometimes available in specialty stores<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and supermarkets where there are large Scandinavian populations. <a href="/wiki/Kingman,_Alberta" title="Kingman, Alberta">Kingman, Alberta</a> proclaims itself on its greeting sign to be the "Lutefisk capital of Alberta". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Folklore">Folklore</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lutefisk&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Folklore"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An article in <i><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_(magazine)" title="Smithsonian (magazine)">Smithsonian</a></i> magazine quotes some oft-rendered <a href="/wiki/Tall_tale" title="Tall tale">tall tales</a> regarding the origins of the dish:<sup id="cite_ref-Janik_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Janik-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p> A legend has it that Viking fishermen hung their cod to dry on tall birch racks. When some neighboring Vikings attacked, they burned the racks of fish, but a rainstorm blew in from the North Sea, dousing the fire. The remaining fish soaked in a puddle of rainwater and birch ash for months before some hungry Vikings discovered the cod, reconstituted it and had a feast.</p></blockquote> <p>There are many jokes about lutefisk, some printed on T-shirts, bumper stickers, and coffee mugs, e.g. "Legalize lutefisk" or "I have tried lutefisk twice, once going down, and another time coming back up". </p><p>The Season 3 <i><a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Hill" title="King of the Hill">King of the Hill</a></i> episode "Revenge of the Lutefisk" features a plot where a new minister, Karen Stroup (<a href="/wiki/Mary_Tyler_Moore" title="Mary Tyler Moore">Mary Tyler Moore</a>), brings a dish of lutefisk to church to share a "Minnesotan tradition" in <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>. Bobby Hill secretly eats all the lutefisk, then has bad <a href="/wiki/Diarrhea" title="Diarrhea">diarrhea</a> in the church bathroom the next morning. To hide the smell, he lights a match and tosses the match in the garbage, thus accidentally committing <a href="/wiki/Arson" title="Arson">arson</a> and burning the church down, which Stroup perceives as a <a href="/wiki/Hate_crime" title="Hate crime">hate crime</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spellings">Spellings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lutefisk&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Spellings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Danish_language" title="Danish language">Danish</a>: <i lang="da">ludfisk</i> or <span title="Danish-language text"><i lang="da">ludefisk</i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_language" title="Norwegian language">Norwegian</a>: <i lang="no">lutefisk</i> (earlier <span title="Norwegian-language text"><i lang="no">ludefisk</i></span> spelling still sometimes used in English) or <span title="Norwegian-language text"><i lang="no">lutfisk</i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a>: <i lang="sv">lutfisk</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a>: <i lang="fi">lipeäkala</i> or <span title="Finnish-language text"><i lang="fi">livekala</i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Sami_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Sami language">Northern Sami</a>: <i lang="se">lovttaguolli</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lutefisk&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bacalhau" title="Bacalhau">Bacalhau</a> – Type of Portuguese cod dish: <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_cuisine" title="Portuguese cuisine">Portuguese</a> dish also made of reconstituted dried fish.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dried_and_salted_cod" title="Dried and salted cod"><i>Baccalà</i></a>, also known as clipfish – Preserved fish</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_and_brewis" title="Fish and brewis">Fish and brewis</a> – Canadian dish</li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A1karl" title="Hákarl">Hákarl</a> – National dish of Iceland consisting of fermented shark</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surstr%C3%B6mming" title="Surströmming">Surströmming</a> – Swedish fermented Baltic Sea herring</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Eorramatur" title="Þorramatur">Þorramatur</a> – Selection of traditional Icelandic food</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lutefisk&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-nordarchive-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nordarchive_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nordarchive_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nordarchive_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nordicterritory.net/gourmet/lutfisk.htm">"Lutefisk"</a>. <i>Nordic Recipe Archive</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221221113956/http://www.dlc.fi/~marian1/gourmet/lutfisk.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 21 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nordic+Recipe+Archive&rft.atitle=Lutefisk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nordicterritory.net%2Fgourmet%2Flutfisk.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALutefisk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tasteatlas.com/lutefisk">"Lutefisk, Lipeäkala, Lutfisk"</a>. <i>tasteatlas.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tasteatlas.com&rft.atitle=Lutefisk%2C+Lipe%C3%A4kala%2C+Lutfisk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tasteatlas.com%2Flutefisk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALutefisk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Janik-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Janik_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Janik_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Janik_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Erica Janik, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smithsonianmag.com/people-places/scandinavians-strange-holiday-lutefisk-tradition-2218218/?page=2">Scandinavians' Strange Holiday Lutefisk Tradition</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_(magazine)" title="Smithsonian (magazine)">Smithsonian</a></i>, 8 December 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-diehl-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-diehl_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-diehl_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKari_Diehl2022" class="citation web cs1">Kari Diehl (12 October 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thespruceeats.com/lutefisk-fish-2952909">"What Is Lutefisk - A Guide to Buying, Cooking, and Storing Lutefisk"</a>. <i>The Spruce Eats</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Spruce+Eats&rft.atitle=What+Is+Lutefisk+-+A+Guide+to+Buying%2C+Cooking%2C+and+Storing+Lutefisk&rft.date=2022-10-12&rft.au=Kari+Diehl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thespruceeats.com%2Flutefisk-fish-2952909&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALutefisk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSean_Munger" class="citation web cs1">Sean Munger. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://seanmunger.com/2014/11/25/stockfish-empire-the-hanseatic-league-in-bergen-part-i/">"Stockfish empire: The Hanseatic League in Bergen"</a>. <i>seanmunger.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=seanmunger.com&rft.atitle=Stockfish+empire%3A+The+Hanseatic+League+in+Bergen&rft.au=Sean+Munger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fseanmunger.com%2F2014%2F11%2F25%2Fstockfish-empire-the-hanseatic-league-in-bergen-part-i%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALutefisk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stradley-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-stradley_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stradley_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStradley2017" class="citation web cs1">Stradley, Linda (22 July 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/history/lutefiskhistory.htm">"Lutefisk History and Recipe"</a>. <i>What's Cooking America</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=What%27s+Cooking+America&rft.atitle=Lutefisk+History+and+Recipe&rft.date=2017-07-22&rft.aulast=Stradley&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwhatscookingamerica.net%2Fhistory%2Flutefiskhistory.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALutefisk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ingebretsens.com/culture/traditions/eating-fish-the-scandinavian-way">"Eating Fish The Scandinavian Way"</a>. <i>Ingebretsen's</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ingebretsen%27s&rft.atitle=Eating+Fish+The+Scandinavian+Way&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ingebretsens.com%2Fculture%2Ftraditions%2Feating-fish-the-scandinavian-way&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALutefisk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Soppeland-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Soppeland_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Soppeland_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJan_Soppeland2008" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Jan Soppeland (9 October 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111005175417/http://dinmat.aftenbladet.no/Temasider/Artikler/Mattrender/Nordisk-kj%C3%B8kken/Lutefisk-til-himmels">"Lutefisk til himmels"</a> (in Norwegian). Aftensbladet. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dinmat.aftenbladet.no/Temasider/Artikler/Mattrender/Nordisk-kj%C3%B8kken/Lutefisk-til-himmels">the original</a> on 5 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lutefisk+til+himmels&rft.pub=Aftensbladet&rft.date=2008-10-09&rft.au=Jan+Soppeland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdinmat.aftenbladet.no%2FTemasider%2FArtikler%2FMattrender%2FNordisk-kj%25C3%25B8kken%2FLutefisk-til-himmels&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALutefisk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nrk.no/nyheter/distrikt/more_og_romsdal/1.6891615">"Lutefisk er trendy – Møre og Romsdal"</a> (in Norwegian). NRK Nyhende. 2 December 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lutefisk+er+trendy+%E2%80%93+M%C3%B8re+og+Romsdal&rft.pub=NRK+Nyhende&rft.date=2009-12-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nrk.no%2Fnyheter%2Fdistrikt%2Fmore_og_romsdal%2F1.6891615&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALutefisk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rb.no/lokale_nyheter/article1877805.ece">"Trendy med lutefisk"</a> (in Norwegian). 20 December 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Trendy+med+lutefisk&rft.date=2005-12-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rb.no%2Flokale_nyheter%2Farticle1877805.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALutefisk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Annechen Bahr Bugge, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sifo.no/files/file61281_bugge-helt-enkel-tjul.pdf">"<i>Helt enkelt jul</i>"</a>, Grøstad gård, 24 November 2005</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eric Dregni, <i>Minnesota Marvels: Roadside Attractions in the Land of Lakes</i>, University of Minnesota Press (September 2001), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8166-3632-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8166-3632-7">978-0-8166-3632-7</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fusion.stolaf.edu/mess/index.cfm?section=article&article_number=1642&issue_volume=117&issue_number=18&issue_date=5/7/2004">Madison, MN Lutefisk Capital USA</a> Manitou Messenger [ <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110816220836/http://fusion.stolaf.edu/mess/index.cfm?section=article&article_number=1642&issue_volume=117&issue_number=18&issue_date=5%2F7%2F2004">Archived</a> 16 August 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=48&Geo2=PR&Code2=01&SearchText=Alberta&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=Ethnic%20origin&TABID=1&type=0">[1]</a>Canadian Census Profile, 2016 Census <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130085348/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=48&Geo2=PR&Code2=01&SearchText=Alberta&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=Ethnic%20origin&TABID=1&type=0">Archived</a> 30 January 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnston2012" class="citation web cs1">Johnston, Michelle (24 December 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rvwest.com/article/camrose/culinary_camrose_scandinavian_delicacies_and_fresh_farm_produce">"Culinary Camrose: Scandinavian delicacies and fresh farm produce"</a>. RVWest<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Culinary+Camrose%3A+Scandinavian+delicacies+and+fresh+farm+produce&rft.pub=RVWest&rft.date=2012-12-24&rft.aulast=Johnston&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rvwest.com%2Farticle%2Fcamrose%2Fculinary_camrose_scandinavian_delicacies_and_fresh_farm_produce&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALutefisk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSfetcu2014" class="citation book cs1">Sfetcu, Nicolae (2014). <i>About Christmas</i>. p. 191.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=About+Christmas&rft.pages=191&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Sfetcu&rft.aufirst=Nicolae&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALutefisk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPinsky2007" class="citation book cs1">Pinsky, Mark I. (2007). <i>The Gospel According to The Simpsons, Bigger and Possibly Even Better! Edition With a New Afterword Exploring South Park, Family Guy, & Other Animated TV Shows</i>. Presbyterian Publishing Corporation. p. 239. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-664-23160-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-664-23160-6"><bdi>978-0-664-23160-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Gospel+According+to+The+Simpsons%2C+Bigger+and+Possibly+Even+Better%21+Edition+With+a+New+Afterword+Exploring+South+Park%2C+Family+Guy%2C+%26+Other+Animated+TV+Shows&rft.pages=239&rft.pub=Presbyterian+Publishing+Corporation&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-664-23160-6&rft.aulast=Pinsky&rft.aufirst=Mark+I.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALutefisk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0620297/">"Revenge of the Lutefisk"</a>. <i>www.imdb.com</i>. IMDb<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.imdb.com&rft.atitle=Revenge+of+the+Lutefisk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Ftitle%2Ftt0620297%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALutefisk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_sources">Other sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lutefisk&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Other sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Gary Legwold (1996) <i>The Last Word on Lutefisk: True Tales of Cod and Tradition</i> (Conrad Henry PR) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780965202701" title="Special:BookSources/9780965202701">9780965202701</a></li> <li>Mark Kurlansky Walker (1998) <i>Cod: A Biography of the Fish That Changed the World</i> (Penguin Books) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0140275018" title="Special:BookSources/978-0140275018">978-0140275018</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lutefisk&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lutefisk" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Lutefisk">Lutefisk</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050404173231/http://www.surfminnesota.net/lutfisk.html">The History of Lutfisk</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived 2005-04-04)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.seattlepi.com/local/51040_lutefisk18.shtml">Lutefisk for Christmas</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20011129110948/http://www.ecst.csuchico.edu/~atman/ic/lutefisk.html">Clay Shirky on eating lutefisk</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> Web Archives (archived 2001-11-29)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050311021729/http://faculty.millikin.edu/~kborei.library.mu/Swede-L/santess/chemstry/lutfisk.htm">Chemistry of Lutefisk</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived 2005-03-11) <span class="languageicon">(in Swedish)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061106224933/http://www.oldlutheran.com/humor/lutelament.html">Lutefisk Lament</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived 2006-11-06), Boone & Erickson</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hymnsandcarolsofchristmas.com/Hymns_and_Carols/o_lutefisk_o_lutefisk.htm">O Lutefisk</a> (Full lyrics)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cod_topics" title="Template:Cod topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cod_topics" title="Template talk:Cod topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cod_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cod topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cod,_haddock_and_pollock" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cod" title="Cod">Cod</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haddock" title="Haddock">haddock</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pollock" title="Pollock">pollock</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cod#True_cod" title="Cod">True cod</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Gadus" title="Gadus">Gadus</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_cod" title="Atlantic cod">Atlantic cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_cod" title="Pacific cod">Pacific cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenland_cod" title="Greenland cod">Greenland cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_pollock" title="Alaska pollock">Alaska pollock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Norway_pollock" class="mw-redirect" title="Norway pollock">Norway pollock</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Atlantic_cod.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="File:Atlantic cod"><img alt="File:Atlantic cod" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Atlantic_cod.jpg/140px-Atlantic_cod.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Atlantic_cod.jpg/210px-Atlantic_cod.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Atlantic_cod.jpg/280px-Atlantic_cod.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="255" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cod#Related_species" title="Cod">Cod-like</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arctogadus" title="Arctogadus">Arctic cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Siberian_cod" title="East Siberian cod">East Siberian cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucla_cod" title="Eucla cod">Eucla cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_ling" title="Blue ling">Blue ling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_ling" title="Common ling">Common ling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelagic_cod" title="Pelagic cod">Pelagic cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boreogadus_saida" class="mw-redirect" title="Boreogadus saida">Polar cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poor_cod" title="Poor cod">Poor cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_cod" title="Rock cod">Rock cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saffron_cod" title="Saffron cod">Saffron cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small-headed_cod" title="Small-headed cod">Small-headed cod</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cod#Other_species" title="Cod">Other cod</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_cod" title="Blue cod">Blue cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_freshwater_cod" title="Eastern freshwater cod">Eastern freshwater cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_River_cod" title="Mary River cod">Mary River cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_cod" title="Murray cod">Murray cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potato_grouper" title="Potato grouper">Potato cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleepy_cod" title="Sleepy cod">Sleepy cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trout_cod" title="Trout cod">Trout cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nototheniidae" title="Nototheniidae">Nototheniidae</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_toothfish" title="Antarctic toothfish">Antarctic cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notothenia_microlepidota" title="Notothenia microlepidota">Black cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maori_cod" class="mw-redirect" title="Maori cod">Maori cod</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pollock#True_cod" title="Pollock">True pollock</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Pollock" title="Pollock">Pollachius</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pollachius_pollachius" title="Pollachius pollachius">Atlantic pollock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pollachius_virens" title="Pollachius virens">Saithe (pollock)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fisheries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bottom_trawling" title="Bottom trawling">Bottom trawling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Well_smack" title="Well smack">Cod boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cod_fisheries" title="Cod fisheries">Cod fisheries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cod_fishing_in_Newfoundland" title="Cod fishing in Newfoundland">Cod fishing in Newfoundland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cod_Wars" title="Cod Wars">Cod Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collapse_of_the_Atlantic_northwest_cod_fishery" title="Collapse of the Atlantic northwest cod fishery">Collapse of the Atlantic northwest cod fishery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_stage" title="Fishing stage">Fishing stage</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cod_Fisheries:_The_History_of_an_International_Economy" title="The Cod Fisheries: The History of an International Economy">The Cod Fisheries: The History of an International Economy</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fish_as_food" title="Fish as food">Food</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cod_as_food" title="Cod as food">Cod as food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ackee_and_saltfish" title="Ackee and saltfish">Ackee and saltfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arbroath_smokie" title="Arbroath smokie">Arbroath smokie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bacala%C3%ADto" title="Bacalaíto">Bacalaíto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boknafisk" title="Boknafisk">Boknafisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabbie_claw" title="Cabbie claw">Cabbie claw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cod_liver_oil" title="Cod liver oil">Cod liver oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crappit_heid" title="Crappit heid">Crappit heid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cullen_skink" title="Cullen skink">Cullen skink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dried_and_salted_cod" title="Dried and salted cod">Dried and salted cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnan_haddie" title="Finnan haddie">Finnan haddie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_and_brewis" title="Fish and brewis">Fish and brewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_and_chips" title="Fish and chips">Fish and chips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_ball" title="Fish ball">Fish ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishcake" title="Fishcake">Fishcake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_finger" title="Fish finger">Fish finger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_fry" title="Fish fry">Fish fry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_pie" title="Fish pie">Fish pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fried_fish" title="Fried fish">Fried fish</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lutefisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pescado_frito" title="Pescado frito">Pescado frito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrod" title="Scrod">Scrod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockfish" title="Stockfish">Stockfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taramasalata" title="Taramasalata">Taramasalata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Grimsby_smoked_fish" title="Traditional Grimsby smoked fish">Traditional Grimsby smoked fish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banks_dory" title="Banks dory">Banks dory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caj%C3%B3n_de_rumba" title="Cajón de rumba">Cajón de rumba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lernaeocera_branchialis" title="Lernaeocera branchialis">Cod worm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_flake" title="Fish flake">Fish flake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isinglass" title="Isinglass">Isinglass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Cod" title="Sacred Cod">Sacred Cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitefish_(fisheries_term)" title="Whitefish (fisheries term)">Whitefish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whiting_(fish)" title="Whiting (fish)">Whiting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Seafood" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Seafood" title="Template:Seafood"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Seafood" title="Template talk:Seafood"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Seafood" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Seafood"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Seafood" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Seafood" title="Seafood">Seafood</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fish_as_food" title="Fish as food">Fish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anchovies_as_food" title="Anchovies as food">Anchovy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barramundi#As_food" title="Barramundi">Barramundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billfish#As_food" title="Billfish">Billfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carp#As_food" title="Carp">Carp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catfish#Catfish_as_food" title="Catfish">Catfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cod_as_food" title="Cod as food">Cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eel_as_food" title="Eel as food">Eel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flatfish#As_food" title="Flatfish">Flatfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flounder#As_food" title="Flounder">Flounder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herring_as_food" title="Herring as food">Herring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mackerel_as_food" title="Mackerel as food">Mackerel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmon_as_food" title="Salmon as food">Salmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardines_as_food" title="Sardines as food">Sardine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shark_meat" title="Shark meat">Shark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sturgeon#Uses" title="Sturgeon">Sturgeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swordfish#As_food" title="Swordfish">Swordfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilapia#As_food" title="Tilapia">Tilapia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trout#Trout_as_food" title="Trout">Trout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuna#Food" title="Tuna">Tuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitebait" title="Whitebait">Whitebait</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shellfish" title="Shellfish">Shellfish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abalone#Consumption" title="Abalone">Abalone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cockle_(bivalve)#In_cuisine_and_culture" title="Cockle (bivalve)">Cockles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conch#Culinary_use" title="Conch">Conch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crab_meat" title="Crab meat">Crab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crayfish_as_food" title="Crayfish as food">Crayfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoduck#Culinary_uses" title="Geoduck">Geoduck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krill#Human_consumption" title="Krill">Krill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lobster#As_food" title="Lobster">Lobster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mussel#As_food" title="Mussel">Mussels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyster#As_food" title="Oyster">Oysters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrimp_and_prawn_as_food" title="Shrimp and prawn as food">Prawn/Shrimp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scallop#As_food" title="Scallop">Scallops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_urchin#As_food" title="Sea urchin">Sea urchins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Edible_crustaceans" title="Category:Edible crustaceans">Crustaceans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Edible_molluscs" title="Category:Edible molluscs">Molluscs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other seafood</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jellyfish_as_food" title="Jellyfish as food">Jellyfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_mammals_as_food" title="Marine mammals as food">Marine mammals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Whale_meat" title="Whale meat">Whale</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octopus_as_food" title="Octopus as food">Octopus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_cucumbers_as_food" title="Sea cucumbers as food">Sea cucumber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edible_seaweed" title="Edible seaweed">Seaweed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squid_as_food" title="Squid as food">Squid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Edible_algae" title="Category:Edible algae">Algae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_types_of_seafood" title="List of types of seafood">List of seafoods</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Seafood" title="Category:Seafood">more...</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fish_processing" title="Fish processing">Processed<br />seafood</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caviar" title="Caviar">Caviar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dried_fish" title="Dried fish">Dried fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canned_fish" title="Canned fish">Canned fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cod_liver_oil" title="Cod liver oil">Cod liver oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cured_fish" title="Cured fish">Cured fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fermented_fish" title="Fermented fish">Fermented fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_fillet" title="Fish fillet">Fish fillet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_head" title="Fish head">Fish head</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_oil" title="Fish oil">Fish oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_sauce" title="Fish sauce">Fish sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_paste" title="Fish paste">Fish paste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_steak" title="Fish steak">Fish steak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_stock_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fish stock (food)">Fish stock</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lutefisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salted_fish" title="Salted fish">Salted fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salted_squid" title="Salted squid">Salted squid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shark_liver_oil" title="Shark liver oil">Shark liver oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrimp_paste" title="Shrimp paste">Shrimp paste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoked_fish" title="Smoked fish">Smoked fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockfish" title="Stockfish">Stockfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi">Surimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roe" title="Roe">Roe</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Fish_processing" title="Category:Fish processing">more...</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Seafood_dishes" title="Seafood dishes">Seafood dishes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_seafood_dishes" title="List of seafood dishes">List of seafood dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_crab_dishes" title="List of crab dishes">List of crab dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fish_dishes" title="List of fish dishes">List of fish dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_raw_fish_dishes" title="List of raw fish dishes">List of raw fish dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tuna_dishes" title="List of tuna dishes">List of tuna dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bisque_(food)" title="Bisque (food)">Bisque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chowder" title="Chowder">Chowder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_and_chips" title="Fish and chips">Fish and chips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_pie" title="Fish pie">Fish pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_soup" title="Fish soup">Fish soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fried_fish" title="Fried fish">Fried fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seafood_boil" title="Seafood boil">Seafood boil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shark_fin_soup" title="Shark fin soup">Shark fin soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sushi" title="Sushi">Sushi</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Seafood_dishes" title="Category:Seafood dishes">more...</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Health hazards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ciguatera" class="mw-redirect" title="Ciguatera">Ciguatera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_diseases_and_parasites" title="Fish diseases and parasites">Fish diseases and parasites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercury_in_fish" title="Mercury in fish">Mercury in fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metagonimiasis" title="Metagonimiasis">Metagonimiasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scombroid_food_poisoning" title="Scombroid food poisoning">Scombroid food poisoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shellfish_poisoning" title="Shellfish poisoning">Shellfish poisoning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Advisory services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seafood_mislabelling" title="Seafood mislabelling">Seafood mislabelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_seafood" title="Sustainable seafood">Sustainable seafood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_seafood_advisory_lists_and_certification" title="Sustainable seafood advisory lists and certification">Sustainable seafood advisory lists and certification</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Animal welfare</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Declawing_of_crabs" title="Declawing of crabs">Declawing of crabs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eyestalk_ablation" title="Eyestalk ablation">Eyestalk ablation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eating_live_seafood" title="Eating live seafood">Eating live seafood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_fish_trade" title="Live fish trade">Live fish trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pain_in_fish" title="Pain in fish">Pain in fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pain_in_crustaceans" title="Pain in crustaceans">Pain in crustaceans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shark_finning" title="Shark finning">Shark finning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fish_preservation" title="Fish preservation">Fish preservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_processing" title="Fish processing">Fish processing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gathering_seafood_by_hand" class="mw-redirect" title="Gathering seafood by hand">Gathering seafood by hand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_seafood" title="History of seafood">History of seafood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_sushi" title="History of sushi">History of sushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_seafood_companies" title="List of seafood companies">List of seafood companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pescetarianism" title="Pescetarianism">Pescetarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raw_bar" title="Raw bar">Raw bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmon_cannery" title="Salmon cannery">Salmon cannery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seafood_restaurant" title="Seafood restaurant">Seafood restaurant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/16px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/24px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/32px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 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