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observation</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: orwellian observation"> <meta name="keywords" content="orwellian observation"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="orwellian observation"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1749</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: orwellian observation</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1749</span> Opacity Synthesis with Orwellian Observers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moez%20Yeddes">Moez Yeddes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The property of opacity is widely used in the formal verification of security in computer systems and protocols. Opacity is a general language-theoretic scheme of many security properties of systems. Opacity is parametrized with framework in which several security properties of a system can be expressed. A secret behaviour of a system is opaque if a passive attacker can never deduce its occurrence from the system observation. Instead of considering the case of static observability where the set of observable events is fixed off-line or dynamic observability where the set of observable events changes over time depending on the history of the trace, we introduce Orwellian partial observability where unobservable events are not revealed provided that downgrading events never occurs in the future of the trace. Orwellian partial observability is needed to model intransitive information flow. This Orwellian observability is knwon as ipurge function. We show in previous work how to verify opacity for regular secret is opaque for a regular language L w.r.t. an Orwellian projection is PSPACE-complete while it has been proved undecidable even for a regular language L w.r.t. a general Orwellian observation function. In this paper, we address two problems of opacification of a regular secret ϕ for a regular language L w.r.t. an Orwellian projection: Given L and a secret ϕ ∈ L, the first problem consist to compute some minimal regular super-language M of L, if it exists, such that ϕ is opaque for M and the second consists to compute the supremal sub-language M′ of L such that ϕ is opaque for M′. We derive both language-theoretic characterizations and algorithms to solve these two dual problems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security%20policies" title="security policies">security policies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=opacity" title=" opacity"> opacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formal%20verification" title=" formal verification"> formal verification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orwellian%0D%0Aobservation" title=" orwellian observation"> orwellian observation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41268/opacity-synthesis-with-orwellian-observers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41268.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">225</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1748</span> Progressive Participatory Observation Applied to Priority Neighbourhoods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Serge%20Rohmer">Serge Rohmer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes a progressive participatory observation that can be used as a sociological investigation within communities. The usefulness of participant observation in sociological projects is first asserted, particularly in an urban context. Competencies, know-how and interpersonal skills are then explained before to detail the progressive approach, consisting of four levels of observation. The progressive participatory observation is applied to an experimental project to set up a permaculture urban micro-farm with residents of a priority neighbourhood. Feedback on the experiment has identified several key recommendations for implementing the approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=participatory%20observation" title="participatory observation">participatory observation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=observation%20scale" title=" observation scale"> observation scale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=priority%20neighbourhood" title=" priority neighbourhood"> priority neighbourhood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20sociology" title=" urban sociology"> urban sociology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188369/progressive-participatory-observation-applied-to-priority-neighbourhoods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188369.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">26</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1747</span> The Impact of Election Observation on Electoral Reforms in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abubakar%20Sulaiman">Abubakar Sulaiman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper examines how election observation influences electoral reforms in Nigeria. Over the years, election observation continues to play critical role in the electoral process specifically in Nigeria and Africa at large. Election observation keeps an eye on the electoral process and all the stakeholders during elections, to ensure that the process is fair to all contestants. While literature abound on this role of election observation on electoral process in Nigeria, scanty scholarly efforts have been made to appraise how election observation influences electoral reforms in Nigeria. Also, while election observation may play a role in ensuring that the electoral process is credible, specifically, its role in prvoking and eliciting various electoral reforms in the country has not been explored. The paper adopts the explanatory research design using secondary data and document analysis. Preliminary findings show that election observation has influenced electoral reforms in Nigeria in no small measure. The paper concludes that election observation is critical for result oriented electoral reforms in Nigeria, albeit, such reforms have to be implemented to the latter. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electoral%20reforms" title="electoral reforms">electoral reforms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=election%20observation" title=" election observation"> election observation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electoral%20process" title=" electoral process"> electoral process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developing%20country" title=" developing country"> developing country</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123813/the-impact-of-election-observation-on-electoral-reforms-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123813.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">165</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1746</span> Virtual Player for Learning by Observation to Assist Karate Training</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazumoto%20Tanaka">Kazumoto Tanaka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is well known that sport skill learning is facilitated by video observation of players’ actions in sports. The optimal viewpoint for the observation of actions depends on sport scenes. On the other hand, it is impossible to change viewpoint for the observation in general, because most videos are filmed from fixed points. The study has tackled the problem and focused on karate match as a first step. The study developed a method for observing karate player’s actions from any point of view by using 3D-CG model (i.e. virtual player) obtained from video images, and verified the effectiveness of the method on karate match. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20graphics" title="computer graphics">computer graphics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=karate%20training" title=" karate training"> karate training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20by%20observation" title=" learning by observation"> learning by observation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motion%20capture" title=" motion capture"> motion capture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20player" title=" virtual player"> virtual player</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61463/virtual-player-for-learning-by-observation-to-assist-karate-training" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61463.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">275</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1745</span> Effects of Different Kinds of Combined Action Observation and Motor Imagery on Improving Golf Putting Performance and Learning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chi%20H.%20Lin">Chi H. Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chi%20C.%20Lin"> Chi C. Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chih%20L.%20Hsieh"> Chih L. Hsieh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Motor Imagery (MI) alone or combined with action observation (AO) has been shown to enhance motor performance and skill learning. The most effective way to combine these techniques has received limited scientific scrutiny. In the present study, we examined the effects of simultaneous (i.e., observing an action whilst imagining carrying out the action concurrently), alternate (i.e., observing an action and then doing imagery related to that action consecutively) and synthesis (alternately perform action observation and imagery action and then perform observation and imagery action simultaneously) AOMI combinations on improving golf putting performance and learning. Participants, 45 university students who had no formal experience of using imagery for the study, were randomly allocated to one of four training groups: simultaneous action observation and motor imagery (S-AOMI), alternate action observation and motor imagery (A-AOMI), synthesis action observation and motor imagery (A-S-AOMI), and a control group. And it was applied 'Different Experimental Groups with Pre and Post Measured' designs. Participants underwent eighteen times of different interventions, which were happened three times a week and lasting for six weeks. We analyzed the information we received based on two-factor (group × times) mixed between and within analysis of variance to discuss the real effects on participants' golf putting performance and learning about different intervention methods of different types of combined action observation and motor imagery. After the intervention, we then used imagery questionnaire and journey to understand the condition and suggestion about different motor imagery and action observation intervention from the participants. The results revealed that the three experimental groups both are effective in putting performance and learning but not for the control group, and the A-S-AOMI group is significantly better effect than S-AOMI group on golf putting performance and learning. The results confirmed the effect of motor imagery combined with action observation on the performance and learning of golf putting. In particular, in the groups of synthesis, motor imagery, or action observation were alternately performed first and then performed motor imagery, and action observation simultaneously would have the best effectiveness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motor%20skill%20learning" title="motor skill learning">motor skill learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motor%20imagery" title=" motor imagery"> motor imagery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=action%20observation" title=" action observation"> action observation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128207/effects-of-different-kinds-of-combined-action-observation-and-motor-imagery-on-improving-golf-putting-performance-and-learning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128207.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1744</span> Teacher Culture Inquiry of Classroom Observation at an Elementary School in Taiwan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsai-Hsiu%20Lin">Tsai-Hsiu Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Three dimensions of teacher culture hinder educational improvement: individualism, conservatism and presentism. To promote the professional development of teachers, these three aspects in teacher culture should be eliminated. Classroom observation may be a useful method of eliminating individualism. The Ministry of Education in Taiwan has attempted to reduce the isolation of teachers to promote their professional growth. Because classroom observation discourse varies, teachers are generally unwilling to allow their teaching to be observed. However, classroom observations take place in the country in the form of school evaluations. The main purpose of this study was to explore the differences in teachers’ conservatism, individualism and presentism after classroom observations had been conducted at an elementary school in Taiwan. The research method was a qualitative case study involving interviews with the school principal, the director of academic affairs, and two classroom teachers. The following conclusions were drawn: (1) Educators in different positions viewed classroom observations differently; (2) The classroom teachers did not highly value classroom observation; (3) There was little change in the teachers’ conservatism, individualism and presentism after classroom observation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classroom%20observation" title="classroom observation">classroom observation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lortie%E2%80%99s%20Trinity" title=" Lortie’s Trinity"> Lortie’s Trinity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%20culture" title=" teacher culture"> teacher culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%20professional%20development" title=" teacher professional development"> teacher professional development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57361/teacher-culture-inquiry-of-classroom-observation-at-an-elementary-school-in-taiwan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57361.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1743</span> Video-Observation: A Phenomenological Research Tool for International Relation?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andreas%20Aagaard%20Nohr">Andreas Aagaard Nohr</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> International Relations is an academic discipline which is rarely in direct contact with its field. However, there has in recent years been a growing interest in the different agents within and beyond the state and their associated practices; yet some of the research tools with which to study them are not widely used. This paper introduces video-observation as a method for the study of IR and argues that it offers a unique way of studying the complexity of the everyday context of actors. The paper is divided into two main parts: First, the philosophical and methodological underpinnings of the kind of data that video-observation produces are discussed; primarily through a discussion of the phenomenology of Husserl, Heidegger, and Merleau-Ponty. Second, taking simulation of a WTO negotiation round as an example, the paper discusses how the data created can be analysed: in particular with regard to the structure of events, the temporal and spatial organization of activities, rhythm and periodicity, and the concrete role of artefacts and documents. The paper concludes with a discussion of the ontological, epistemological, and practical challenges and limitations that ought to be considered if video-observation is chosen as a method within the field of IR. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=video-observation" title="video-observation">video-observation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenomenology" title=" phenomenology"> phenomenology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20relations" title=" international relations"> international relations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19142/video-observation-a-phenomenological-research-tool-for-international-relation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19142.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">447</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1742</span> Checklist for Autism Spectrum Disorder as an In-Class Observation Tool for Teachers </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Werona%20Kr%C3%B3l-Gierat">Werona Król-Gierat </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The majority of Special Educational Needs checklists are intended for preliminary screening in the special education disability process. The aim of the present paper is to present their potential usefulness as in-class observation tools for teachers working with students who have already been diagnosed with a disorder. A checklist may complement and organize information about a given child, which is indispensable to improve his or her condition. The case of a Polish boy with autism will serve as an example. Last but not the least, alternative uses of checklists are suggested in the article. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autism%20spectrum%20disorders" title="autism spectrum disorders">autism spectrum disorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20study" title=" case study"> case study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=checklist" title=" checklist"> checklist</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=observation%20tool" title=" observation tool "> observation tool </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4981/checklist-for-autism-spectrum-disorder-as-an-in-class-observation-tool-for-teachers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4981.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">362</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1741</span> Mechanical Qualification Test Campaign on the Demise Observation Capsule</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Tiseo">B. Tiseo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Quaranta"> V. Quaranta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Bruno"> G. Bruno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Gardi"> R. Gardi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Watts"> T. Watts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Dussy"> S. Dussy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes the qualification test campaign performed on the Demise Observation Capsule DOC-EQM as part of the Future Launch Preparatory Program FLPP3. The mechanical environment experienced during launch ascent and separation phase was first identified and then replicated in terms of sine, random and shock vibration. The loads identification is derived by selecting the worst possible case. Vibration and shock qualification test performed at CIRA Space Qualification laboratory is herein described. Mechanical fixtures’ design and validation, carried out by means of FEM, is also addressed due to its fundamental role in the vibrational test campaign. The Demise Observation Capsule (DOC) successfully passed the qualification test campaign. Functional test and resonance search have not been point any fault and damages of the capsule. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capsule" title="capsule">capsule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=demise" title=" demise"> demise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=demise%20observation%20capsule" title=" demise observation capsule"> demise observation capsule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DOC" title=" DOC"> DOC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=launch%20environment" title=" launch environment"> launch environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=re-ntry" title=" re-ntry"> re-ntry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=qualification" title=" qualification "> qualification </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106423/mechanical-qualification-test-campaign-on-the-demise-observation-capsule" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106423.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1740</span> A Folk Theorem with Public Randomization Device in Repeated Prisoner’s Dilemma under Costly Observation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoshifumi%20Hino">Yoshifumi Hino</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An infinitely repeated prisoner’s dilemma is a typical model that represents teamwork situation. If both players choose costly actions and contribute to the team, then both players are better off. However, each player has an incentive to choose a selfish action. We analyze the game under costly observation. Each player can observe the action of the opponent only when he pays an observation cost in that period. In reality, teamwork situations are often costly observation. Members of some teams sometimes work in distinct rooms, areas, or countries. In those cases, they have to spend their time and money to see other team members if they want to observe it. The costly observation assumption makes the cooperation difficult substantially because the equilibrium must satisfy the incentives not only on the action but also on the observational decision. Especially, it is the most difficult to cooperate each other when the stage-game is prisoner's dilemma because players have to communicate through only two actions. We examine whether or not players can cooperate each other in prisoner’s dilemma under costly observation. Specifically, we check whether symmetric Pareto efficient payoff vectors in repeated prisoner’s dilemma can be approximated by sequential equilibria or not (efficiency result). We show the efficiency result without any randomization device under certain circumstances. It means that players can cooperate with each other without any randomization device even if the observation is costly. Next, we assume that public randomization device is available, and then we show that any feasible and individual rational payoffs in prisoner’s dilemma can be approximated by sequential equilibria under a specific situation (folk theorem). It implies that players can achieve asymmetric teamwork like leadership situation when public randomization device is available. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost%20observation" title="cost observation">cost observation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=folk%20theorem" title=" folk theorem"> folk theorem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prisoner%27s%20dilemma" title=" prisoner's dilemma"> prisoner's dilemma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=private%20monitoring" title=" private monitoring"> private monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=repeated%20games." title=" repeated games."> repeated games.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88894/a-folk-theorem-with-public-randomization-device-in-repeated-prisoners-dilemma-under-costly-observation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88894.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1739</span> Considering the Reliability of Measurements Issue in Distributed Adaptive Estimation Algorithms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wael%20M.%20Bazzi">Wael M. Bazzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Rastegarnia"> Amir Rastegarnia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azam%20Khalili"> Azam Khalili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper we consider the issue of reliability of measurements in distributed adaptive estimation problem. To this aim, we assume a sensor network with different observation noise variance among the sensors and propose new estimation method based on incremental distributed least mean-square (IDLMS) algorithm. The proposed method contains two phases: I) Estimation of each sensors observation noise variance, and II) Estimation of the desired parameter using the estimated observation variances. To deal with the reliability of measurements, in the second phase of the proposed algorithm, the step-size parameter is adjusted for each sensor according to its observation noise variance. As our simulation results show, the proposed algorithm considerably improves the performance of the IDLMS algorithm in the same condition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20filter" title="adaptive filter">adaptive filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20estimation" title=" distributed estimation"> distributed estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor%0D%0Anetwork" title=" sensor network"> sensor network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IDLMS%20algorithm" title=" IDLMS algorithm"> IDLMS algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27648/considering-the-reliability-of-measurements-issue-in-distributed-adaptive-estimation-algorithms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27648.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">634</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1738</span> Matrix Completion with Heterogeneous Cost</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilqar%20Ramazanli">Ilqar Ramazanli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The matrix completion problem has been studied broadly under many underlying conditions. The problem has been explored under adaptive or non-adaptive, exact or estimation, single-phase or multi-phase, and many other categories. In most of these cases, the observation cost of each entry is uniform and has the same cost across the columns. However, in many real-life scenarios, we could expect elements from distinct columns or distinct positions to have a different cost. In this paper, we explore this generalization under adaptive conditions. We approach the problem under two different cost models. The first one is that entries from different columns have different observation costs, but within the same column, each entry has a uniform cost. The second one is any two entry has different observation cost, despite being the same or different columns. We provide complexity analysis of our algorithms and provide tightness guarantees. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=matroid%20optimization" title="matroid optimization">matroid optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=matrix%20completion" title=" matrix completion"> matrix completion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20algebra" title=" linear algebra"> linear algebra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algorithms" title=" algorithms"> algorithms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149618/matrix-completion-with-heterogeneous-cost" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149618.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1737</span> Analysis of Filtering in Stochastic Systems on Continuous- Time Memory Observations in the Presence of Anomalous Noises</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Rozhkova">S. Rozhkova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Rozhkova"> O. Rozhkova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Harlova"> A. Harlova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Lasukov"> V. Lasukov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For optimal unbiased filter as mean-square and in the case of functioning anomalous noises in the observation memory channel, we have proved insensitivity of filter to inaccurate knowledge of the anomalous noise intensity matrix and its equivalence to truncated filter plotted only by non anomalous components of an observation vector. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20expectation" title="mathematical expectation">mathematical expectation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filtration" title=" filtration"> filtration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anomalous%20noise" title=" anomalous noise"> anomalous noise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=memory" title=" memory"> memory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28833/analysis-of-filtering-in-stochastic-systems-on-continuous-time-memory-observations-in-the-presence-of-anomalous-noises" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28833.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">362</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1736</span> China’s Re-Education Camps: The Impact</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mary%20Ostaszewski">Mary Ostaszewski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For many years China was riddled by poverty among many other issues and was far from a world power. However, today China has one of the largest GDPs of any country in the world and is a global powerhouse. Since China has accomplished so much, many would presume that this means China is moving away from being a “developing country” alongside countries such as India, Brazil, Israel, etc. into the category “developed country” with countries such as the U.S. Yet, this is not the case as, despite their economic strides, China still has ways to come, especially when it comes to human rights. China faces extreme criticism regarding how the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) handles human rights. China has an Orwellian-based society where technology is highly monitored, critics are quickly silenced, and freedoms are heavily restricted. One of their most recent human rights violations is attempting to repress Uyghur populations by placing them into “re-education camps,” where an already vulnerable population is being deprived of their freedoms through severe oppression. These violations create concerns as other developing countries with authoritarian governments follow the example of China. This is mainly because China has seen great success economically while simultaneously being able to maintain its authoritarian regime, thus, inspiring other countries to continue their human rights violations in hopes of gaining success similar to China’s. This idolization of China by other authoritarian regimes creates a concern especially regarding their “re-education” camps. This paper will argue that Chinese “re-education” camps are not only dangerous because they severely oppress and harm the Uyghur population. Yet they are also dangerous because other countries already impressed by China’s success may adopt similar camps in their countries to ensure their oppressive governments retain their tight grasp on power. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=China" title="China">China</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=re-education%20camps" title=" re-education camps"> re-education camps</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developing%20countries" title=" developing countries"> developing countries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Africa" title=" Africa"> Africa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=West" title=" West"> West</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145076/chinas-re-education-camps-the-impact" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145076.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">127</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1735</span> An Efficient Book Keeping Strategy for the Formation of the Design Matrix in Geodetic Network Adjustment </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20G.%20Omogunloye">O. G. Omogunloye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20B.%20Olaleye"> J. B. Olaleye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20E.%20Abiodun"> O. E. Abiodun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20O.%20Odumosu"> J. O. Odumosu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20G.%20Ajayi"> O. G. Ajayi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The focus of the study is to proffer easy formulation and computation of least square observation equation’s design matrix by using an efficient book keeping strategy. Usually, for a large network of many triangles and stations, a rigorous task is involved in the computation and placement of the values of the differentials of each observation with respect to its station coordinates (latitude and longitude), in their respective rows and columns. The efficient book keeping strategy seeks to eliminate or reduce this rigorous task involved, especially in large network, by simple skillful arrangement and development of a short program written in the Matlab environment, the formulation and computation of least square observation equation’s design matrix can be easily achieved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design" title="design">design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differential" title=" differential"> differential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geodetic" title=" geodetic"> geodetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=matrix" title=" matrix"> matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network" title=" network"> network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=station" title=" station"> station</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71597/an-efficient-book-keeping-strategy-for-the-formation-of-the-design-matrix-in-geodetic-network-adjustment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71597.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">356</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1734</span> Qualitative Data Summary of Piloted Observation Instrument for Designing Adaptations in Inclusive Settings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rebecca%20Lynn">Rebecca Lynn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The successful inclusion of students with disabilities depends upon many factors, including the collaboration between general and special education teachers for meeting student learning goals as outlined in the Individualized Education Plan (IEP). However, Individualized Education Plans do not provide sufficient information on accommodations and modifications for the variety of general education contexts and content areas in which a student may participate. In addition, general and special education teachers lack observation skills and tools for gathering essential information about the strengths and needs of students with disabilities in relation to general education instruction and classrooms. More research and tools are needed for planning adaptations that increase access to content in general education classrooms. This paper will discuss the outcomes of a qualitative field-based study of a structured observation instrument used for gathering information on student strengths and needs in relation to social, academic and regulatory expectations during instruction in general education classrooms. The study explores the following questions: To what extent does the observation structure and instrument increase collaborative planning of adaptations in general education classrooms for students with disabilities? To what extent does the observation structure and instrument change pedagogical practices and collaboration in general education classrooms for fostering successful inclusion? A hypothesis of this study was that use of the instrument in the context of lessons and in collaborative debriefing would increase awareness and use of meaningful adaptations, and lead to universal design in the planning of instruction. A finding of the study is a shift from viewing students with disabilities as passive participants to a more pedagogical inclusion as teachers developed skills in observation and created content/context-specific adaptations for students with disabilities in the general education classroom. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptations" title="adaptations">adaptations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collaboration" title=" collaboration"> collaboration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclusion" title=" inclusion"> inclusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=observations" title=" observations"> observations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87109/qualitative-data-summary-of-piloted-observation-instrument-for-designing-adaptations-in-inclusive-settings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87109.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">127</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1733</span> Observation and Analysis of Urban Micro-Climate and Urban Morphology on Block Scale in Zhengzhou City</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linlin%20Guo">Linlin Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baofeng%20Li"> Baofeng Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Zhengzhou is a typical plain city with a high population density and a permanent population of 10 million, located in central China. The scale of this city is constantly expanding, and the urban form has changed dramatically by the accelerating process of urbanization, which makes a great effect on the urban microclimate. In order to study the influence of block morphology on urban micro-climate, air temperature, humidity, wind velocity and so on in three typical types of blocks in the center of Zhengzhou were collected, which was chosen to perform the fixed and mobile observation. After data handling and analysis, a series of graphs and diagrams were obtained to reflect the differences in the influence of different types of block morphology on the urban microclimate. These can provide targeted strategies for urban design to improve and regulate urban micro-climate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20micro-climate" title="urban micro-climate">urban micro-climate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=block%20morphology" title=" block morphology"> block morphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixed%20and%20mobile%20observation" title=" fixed and mobile observation"> fixed and mobile observation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20design" title=" urban design"> urban design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92713/observation-and-analysis-of-urban-micro-climate-and-urban-morphology-on-block-scale-in-zhengzhou-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92713.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1732</span> A Comparative and Mixed Methods Study of Possible Selves of Adolescent Boys in an Observation Home and a Children's Home in India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Apurva%20Sapra">Apurva Sapra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this research was to study and compare the nature of expected, feared and hoped-for selves in institutionalized adolescent boys in two residential settings – an observation home with children in conflict with the law, and a children’s home with children in need of care and protection. The study uses a concurrent mixed methods design, in which eight adolescent boys from each group, aged 13-17, were asked to respond to a questionnaire, followed by an in-depth interview. The questionnaire looked into the total scores on current, probable and hoped-for/feared positive and negative self-descriptors. Possible selves of both groups were found to be influenced by their unique histories, such as with their experience of violence, interaction with the police and emphasis given on education. Expected selves and hoped-for selves were similar within the two groups. However, they were more concrete and attainable in the observation home and more ambitious in the children’s home. Quantitative results showed that on the positive self-descriptors, the participants in the observation home had a slightly lower total score on the current parameter as on the probable and hoped-for parameters. The participants in the children’s home showed similar results on current and probable positive self-descriptors, with higher scores on the hoped-for parameter. For most of the negative self-descriptors, the current score for the observation home group was lower than the expected score, and for the children’s home group, they were feared slightly more than they were expected. Along with the nature of possible selves, the study also looked into threats and support to desired and feared possible selves, as well as strategies to attain the desired possible selves and avoid feared possible selves. While threats to possible selves were identified as external and internal in both groups, the participants in the children’s home tended to identify threats as external. The categories of support were similar across the two groups, although the nature of support provided differed. Strategies adopted by participants in the observation home could be clearly divided as past, present and future strategies, while those adopted by participants in the children’s home had an overlap with past and future strategies. The institution was perceived as having a negative influence for the future in the observation home group, but positive in the children’s home group. Limitations of the study and recommendations for future research, policy setting and the counselling profession are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescents" title="adolescents">adolescents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expected%20self" title=" expected self"> expected self</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feared%20self" title=" feared self"> feared self</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hoped-for%20self" title=" hoped-for self"> hoped-for self</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutions" title=" institutions"> institutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=possible%20selves" title=" possible selves"> possible selves</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106070/a-comparative-and-mixed-methods-study-of-possible-selves-of-adolescent-boys-in-an-observation-home-and-a-childrens-home-in-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106070.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">237</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1731</span> How to Improve Teaching and Learning Strategies Through Educational Research. An Experience of Peer Observation in Legal Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luigina%20Mortari">Luigina Mortari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alessia%20Bevilacqua"> Alessia Bevilacqua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roberta%20Silva"> Roberta Silva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The experience presented in this paper aims to understand how educational research can support the introduction and optimization of teaching innovations in legal education. In this increasingly complex context, a strong need to introduce paths aimed at acquiring not only professional knowledge and skills but also transversal such as reflective, critical, and problem-solving skills emerges. Through a peer observation intertwined with an analysis of discursive practices, researchers and the teacher worked together through a process of participatory and transformative accompaniment whose objective was to promote the active participation and engagement of students in learning processes, an element indispensable to work in the more specific direction of strengthening key competences. This reflective faculty development path led the teacher to activate metacognitive processes, becoming thus aware of the strengths and areas of improvement of his teaching innovation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=legal%20education" title="legal education">legal education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20innovation" title=" teaching innovation"> teaching innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peer%20observation" title=" peer observation"> peer observation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discursive%20analysis" title=" discursive analysis"> discursive analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=faculty%20development" title=" faculty development"> faculty development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144823/how-to-improve-teaching-and-learning-strategies-through-educational-research-an-experience-of-peer-observation-in-legal-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144823.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1730</span> Immunologically Non-Treated Vascular Xenografts in Long-Term Survival Animals </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20G.%20Kim">W. G. Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20M.%20Chang"> J. M. Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20S.%20Kim"> W. S. Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Immunologically non-treated and acellularized porcine xenografts were implanted as an arterial graft in goats and comparatively analyzed for the explanted grafts with gross observation, as well as light microscopy and immunohistochemistry, following the predetermined periods. For immunologically non-treated xenografts, bilateral porcine carotid arteries were harvested, and after short-term freezing at -70°C, were implanted into goats. The preparation of acellularized xenograft vessels has been performed with Nacl-SDS solution and stored at the freezer until use. The goats were randomly assigned for three periods of observation (3, 6, and 12 months after implantation), four animals were observed at each of these times. Periodic ultrasonographic examinations were performed during observation period. Following the predetermined periods, the explanted grafts were analyzed. Among 12 animals, one goat died prematurely, and a total of 22 grafts were evaluated. Gross observations revealed non-thrombotic patent smooth lumens. Microscopic examinations of the explanted grafts showed satisfactory cellular reconstruction up to the 12-month observation period. The proportions of CD3 positive T lymphocytes among inflammatory cells infiltrations were very low. In conclusion, these findings, as a whole, suggest that porcine vessel xenografts can be clinically acceptably implanted in the goats as a form of small-diameter vascular graft, regardless of the acellularized xenograft or immunologically non-treated xenograft. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=xenograft" title="xenograft">xenograft</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arterial%20graft" title=" arterial graft"> arterial graft</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=long-term%20survival%20animals" title=" long-term survival animals"> long-term survival animals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunology" title=" immunology"> immunology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9211/immunologically-non-treated-vascular-xenografts-in-long-term-survival-animals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9211.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">349</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1729</span> Analysis of Criteria for Determining the Location of Hilal Observation in the Tropical Regions: Study of Hilal Observation Location in Bengkulu City</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badrun%20Taman">Badrun Taman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to review the use of the Bengkulu Provincial Government Mess as the location of rukyatul hilal because its determination has not been carried out scientifically. There are three things that will be analyzed, namely geographical-astronomical conditions, the suitability of the location with ideal criteria, and the determination of the location of rukyatul hilal in accordance with regional conditions based on the results of the study. The research method used is qualitative with an astronomical geographical approach. The results showed that the factor that strengthened the disturbance from the weather aspect was the western sky horizon in the form of the Indian Ocean sea level. The potential for geographical disturbances on this horizon is high sea waves, relatively high sea breezes, and more seawater vapor due to sea surface temperatures and high air humidity. This study found new criteria for determining the location of the observation crescent. The criteria is the western horizon is not sea level (especially the Indian Ocean). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=criteria" title="criteria">criteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=location" title=" location"> location</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rukyatul%20Hilal" title=" Rukyatul Hilal"> Rukyatul Hilal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tropics" title=" tropics"> tropics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indian%20ocean" title=" Indian ocean"> Indian ocean</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154295/analysis-of-criteria-for-determining-the-location-of-hilal-observation-in-the-tropical-regions-study-of-hilal-observation-location-in-bengkulu-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154295.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1728</span> The Incompressible Preference of Turbulence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20David%20Dunstan">Samuel David Dunstan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An elementary observation of a laminar cylindrical Poiseulle-Couette flow profile reveals no distinction in the parabolic streamwise profile from one without a cross-stream flow in whatever reference frame the observation is made. This is because the laminar flow is in solid-body rotation, and there is no intrinsic fluid rotation. Hence the main streamwise Poiseuille flow is unaffected. However, in turbulent (unsteady) cylindrical Poiseuille-Couette flow, the rotational reference frame must be considered, and any observation from an external inertial reference frame can give outright incorrect results. A common misconception in the study of fluid mechanics is the position of the observer does not matter. In this DNS (direct numerical simulation) study, firstly, turbulent flow in a pipe with axial rotation is established. Then in turbulent flow in the concentric pipe, with inner wall rotation, it is shown how the wall streak direction is oriented by the rotational reference frame. The Coriolis force here is not so fictitious after all! <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concentric%20pipe" title="concentric pipe">concentric pipe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rotational%20and%20inertial%20frames" title=" rotational and inertial frames"> rotational and inertial frames</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frame%20invariance" title=" frame invariance"> frame invariance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wall%20streaks" title=" wall streaks"> wall streaks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20orientation" title=" flow orientation"> flow orientation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161266/the-incompressible-preference-of-turbulence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161266.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1727</span> Observation of Large-Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbance over Peninsular Malaysia Using GPS Receivers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Intan%20Izafina%20Idrus">Intan Izafina Idrus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mardina%20Abdullah"> Mardina Abdullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alina%20Marie%20Hasbi"> Alina Marie Hasbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asnawi%20Husin"> Asnawi Husin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the result of large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbance (LSTID) observation during moderate magnetic storm event on 25 October 2011 with SYM-H ~ -160 nT and Kp ~ 7 over Peninsular Malaysia at equatorial region using vertical total electron content (VTEC) from the Global Positioning System (GPS) observation measurement. The propagation of the LSTID signatures in the TEC measurements over Peninsular Malaysia was also investigated using VTEC map. The LSTID was found to propagate equator-ward during this event. The results showed that the LSTID propagated with an average phase velocity of 526.41 m/s and average periods of 140 min. The occurrence of this LSTID was also found to be the subsequent effects of substorm activities in the auroral region. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Global%20Positioning%20System%20%28GPS%29" title="Global Positioning System (GPS)">Global Positioning System (GPS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=large-scale%20traveling%20ionospheric%20disturbance%20%28LSTID%29" title=" large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbance (LSTID)"> large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbance (LSTID)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moderate%20geomagnetic%20storm" title=" moderate geomagnetic storm"> moderate geomagnetic storm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vertical%20total%20electron%20content%20%28VTEC%29" title=" vertical total electron content (VTEC)"> vertical total electron content (VTEC)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2812/observation-of-large-scale-traveling-ionospheric-disturbance-over-peninsular-malaysia-using-gps-receivers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2812.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">225</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1726</span> Determinants of Quality of Life and Mental Health in Medical Students During Two Years Observation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Szymon%20Szemik">Szymon Szemik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ma%C5%82gorzata%20Kowalska"> Małgorzata Kowalska</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Medical students experience numerous demands during the education process, determining their quality of life (QoL) and health status. POLLEK (POLski LEKarz, eng. Polish Physician) study aims to identify and evaluate the quality of life, mental health status, and ever-recognized chronic diseases by simultaneously assessing their determinants in Polish medical students during long-term observation. Material and Methods: The POLLEK is the follow-up cohort study conducted among medical students at the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice. Students were followed during two observation periods: in their first year of studies, the academic year 2021/2022 (T1), and in their second year, the academic year 2022/2023 (T2). Results: The total number of participants in the first year of observation (T1) was 427 while in the second year (T2) was 335. Obtained results confirmed that the QoL score significantly decreased in their second year of studies mainly in the somatic and psychological domains. Moreover, we observed a significant increase in self-declared scoring of somatic symptoms year by year (from M=4.75 at T1 to M=8.06 at T2, p<0.001) in the GHQ-28 questionnaire survey. The determinants of QoL domains common to T1 and T2 remained self-declared health status, frequency of physical activity, and current financial situation. In the first year of evaluation, 56 students (13.10%) were overweight or obese, and 52 (15.8%) in the second. Regardless of the academic year, the increased risk of being overweight or obese was significantly associated with dissatisfaction with personal health, financial deficiencies, and a diet abundant in meat consumption. Conclusions: The QoL in medical students and selected determinants of their health status deteriorated during the observation period. Our findings suggest that medical schools should actively promote the activity needed to achieve a balance between schoolwork and the personal life of medical students from the beginning of university study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title="quality of life">quality of life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mental%20health" title=" mental health"> mental health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20students" title=" medical students"> medical students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=follow-up%20study" title=" follow-up study"> follow-up study</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186795/determinants-of-quality-of-life-and-mental-health-in-medical-students-during-two-years-observation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186795.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">40</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1725</span> Coordinative Remote Sensing Observation Technology for a High Altitude Barrier Lake</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhang%20Xin">Zhang Xin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Barrier lakes are lakes formed by storing water in valleys, river valleys or riverbeds after being blocked by landslide, earthquake, debris flow, and other factors. They have great potential safety hazards. When the water is stored to a certain extent, it may burst in case of strong earthquake or rainstorm, and the lake water overflows, resulting in large-scale flood disasters. In order to ensure the safety of people's lives and property in the downstream, it is very necessary to monitor the barrier lake. However, it is very difficult and time-consuming to manually monitor the barrier lake in high altitude areas due to the harsh climate and steep terrain. With the development of earth observation technology, remote sensing monitoring has become one of the main ways to obtain observation data. Compared with a single satellite, multi-satellite remote sensing cooperative observation has more advantages; its spatial coverage is extensive, observation time is continuous, imaging types and bands are abundant, it can monitor and respond quickly to emergencies, and complete complex monitoring tasks. Monitoring with multi-temporal and multi-platform remote sensing satellites can obtain a variety of observation data in time, acquire key information such as water level and water storage capacity of the barrier lake, scientifically judge the situation of the barrier lake and reasonably predict its future development trend. In this study, The Sarez Lake, which formed on February 18, 1911, in the central part of the Pamir as a result of blockage of the Murgab River valley by a landslide triggered by a strong earthquake with magnitude of 7.4 and intensity of 9, is selected as the research area. Since the formation of Lake Sarez, it has aroused widespread international concern about its safety. At present, the use of mechanical methods in the international analysis of the safety of Lake Sarez is more common, and remote sensing methods are seldom used. This study combines remote sensing data with field observation data, and uses the 'space-air-ground' joint observation technology to study the changes in water level and water storage capacity of Lake Sarez in recent decades, and evaluate its safety. The situation of the collapse is simulated, and the future development trend of Lake Sarez is predicted. The results show that: 1) in recent decades, the water level of Lake Sarez has not changed much and remained at a stable level; 2) unless there is a strong earthquake or heavy rain, it is less likely that the Lake Sarez will be broken under normal conditions, 3) lake Sarez will remain stable in the future, but it is necessary to establish an early warning system in the Lake Sarez area for remote sensing of the area, 4) the coordinative remote sensing observation technology is feasible for the high altitude barrier lake of Sarez. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coordinative%20observation" title="coordinative observation">coordinative observation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disaster" title=" disaster"> disaster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20sensing" title=" remote sensing"> remote sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geographic%20information%20system" title=" geographic information system"> geographic information system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title=" GIS"> GIS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111228/coordinative-remote-sensing-observation-technology-for-a-high-altitude-barrier-lake" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111228.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">127</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1724</span> Metal Berthelot Tubes with Windows for Observing Cavitation under Static Negative Pressure </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Hiro">K. Hiro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Imai"> Y. Imai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Sasayama"> T. Sasayama</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cavitation under static negative pressure is not revealed well. The Berthelot method to generate such negative pressure can be a means to study cavitation inception. In this study, metal Berthelot tubes built in observation windows are newly developed and are checked whether high static negative pressure is generated or not. Negative pressure in the tube with a pair of a corundum plate and an aluminum gasket increased with temperature cycles. The trend was similar to that as reported before. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Berthelot%20method" title="Berthelot method">Berthelot method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cavitation" title=" cavitation"> cavitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=negative%20pressure" title=" negative pressure"> negative pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=observation" title=" observation"> observation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48683/metal-berthelot-tubes-with-windows-for-observing-cavitation-under-static-negative-pressure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48683.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1723</span> Advancing Horizons: Standardized Future Trends in LiDAR and Remote Sensing Technologies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Spoorthi%20Sripad">Spoorthi Sripad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rapid advancements in LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) technology, coupled with the synergy of remote sensing, have revolutionized Earth observation methodologies. This paper delves into the transformative impact of integrated LiDAR and remote sensing systems. Focusing on miniaturization, cost reduction, and improved resolution, the study explores the evolving landscape of terrestrial and aquatic environmental monitoring. The integration of multi-wavelength and dual-mode LiDAR systems, alongside collaborative efforts with other remote sensing technologies, presents a comprehensive approach. The paper highlights the pivotal role of LiDAR in environmental assessment, urban planning, and infrastructure development. As the amalgamation of LiDAR and remote sensing reshapes Earth observation, this research anticipates a paradigm shift in our understanding of dynamic planetary processes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LiDAR" title="LiDAR">LiDAR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20sensing" title=" remote sensing"> remote sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earth%20observation" title=" earth observation"> earth observation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advancements" title=" advancements"> advancements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integration" title=" integration"> integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20monitoring" title=" environmental monitoring"> environmental monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-wavelength" title=" multi-wavelength"> multi-wavelength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual-mode" title=" dual-mode"> dual-mode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology" title=" technology"> technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20planning" title=" urban planning"> urban planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infrastructure" title=" infrastructure"> infrastructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resolution" title=" resolution"> resolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=miniaturization" title=" miniaturization"> miniaturization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179167/advancing-horizons-standardized-future-trends-in-lidar-and-remote-sensing-technologies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179167.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">82</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1722</span> Tracking Maximum Power Point Utilizing Artificial Immunity System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marwa%20Ahmed%20Abd%20El%20Hamied">Marwa Ahmed Abd El Hamied</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper In this paper, a new technique based on Artificial Immunity System (AIS) technique has been developed to track Maximum Power Point (MPP). AIS system is implemented in a photovoltaic system that is subjected to variable temperature and insulation condition. The proposed novel is simulated using Mat Lab program. The results of simulation have been compared to those who are generated from Observation Controller. The proposed model shows promising results as it provide better accuracy comparing to classical model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=component" title="component">component</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20immunity%20technique" title=" artificial immunity technique"> artificial immunity technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%0D%0Aenergy" title=" solar energy"> solar energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perturbation%20and%20observation" title=" perturbation and observation"> perturbation and observation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20based%20methods" title=" power based methods"> power based methods</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32619/tracking-maximum-power-point-utilizing-artificial-immunity-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32619.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">427</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1721</span> Protection of Human Rights in Europe: The Parliamentary Dimension</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleksandra%20Chiniaeva">Aleksandra Chiniaeva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The following paper describes the activity of national and international parliamentary assemblies of the European region in protection and promotion of human rights. It may be said that parliamentarians have a “double mandate” — as members of the international assembly and of their respective national parliaments. In other words, parliamentarization at both international and national level provides a situation for parliamentarians, where they link people, national governments and international organizations. The paper is aimed towards demonstrating that the activity of the main international parliamentary assemblies of the European region have a real positive impact on the human rights situation in the European region. In addition, the paper describes the assemblies that include protection of human rights in their Agenda as one of the main subjects: the EP, the PACE, the OSCE PA and the IPA CIS. Co-operation activities such as joint election observation; participation in inter-parliamentary associations, such as the IPU; conclusion agreements allow assemblies to provide observation of human right situation in the states that are not members of the particular organization and as consequence make their impact broader. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights" title="human rights">human rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20parliamentary%20assembly" title=" international parliamentary assembly"> international parliamentary assembly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IPU" title=" IPU"> IPU</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EP" title=" EP"> EP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PACE" title=" PACE"> PACE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OSCE" title=" OSCE"> OSCE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20election%20observation" title=" international election observation"> international election observation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44535/protection-of-human-rights-in-europe-the-parliamentary-dimension" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44535.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1720</span> The Assesment of Animal Welfare at Slaughterhouses in Badung District, Bali Province</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ulil%20Afidah">Ulil Afidah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustopa"> Mustopa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study aims to determine the assessment of animal welfare at slaughterhouses in Badung district, Bali province. The study was conducted for ten days with observed five cattle per day with a total 50 cattle. Observation begins when a cow came out of the pick up to be slaughtered, subsequently recorded in a questionnaire that has been provided.The result of the observation showed that the slaughterhouses in Bandung district have the implemented animal welfare which fulfills the requirement that is 63% before slaughtering process, and 76% at slaughtering process. Based on these results it can be concluded in slaughterhouses of Badung district already fulfill the requirements. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20welfare" title="animal welfare">animal welfare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assesment" title=" assesment"> assesment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badung%20district" title=" Badung district"> Badung district</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slaughterhousess" title=" slaughterhousess"> slaughterhousess</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62019/the-assesment-of-animal-welfare-at-slaughterhouses-in-badung-district-bali-province" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62019.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right 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