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consumer</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Algerian consumer"> <meta name="keywords" content="Algerian consumer"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Algerian consumer"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1491</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Algerian consumer</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1491</span> A Behavioral Approach of Impulse Buying: Application to Algerian Food Stores</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amel%20Graa">Amel Graa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maachou%20Dani%20El%20Kebir"> Maachou Dani El Kebir </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the impulse buying behavior of Algerian consumer. In that purpose, we try to better understand processes underlying impulsive buying experiences by examining the theoretical framework and using Mehrabian and Russell’s structure. A model is then proposed and tested on a sample of 1500 shoppers who were recruited among customers of food stores. This model aims to explain the role of some situational variables, personal variables, variables linked to the product characteristics and emotional states on the impulse buying behavior. Following to this empirical study, it was possible to conclude that Algerian consumer has a weak tendency toward impulse buying of food products. The results indicate that seller guidance has a significant impact on the impulse buying, whereas the price of the product was negatively related. According to the results; perception of crowding was associated with scarcity and it was positively linked with impulse buying behavior. This study can help marketers determine the in-store factors that impact purely spontaneous purchases of items that otherwise would not end up in the shopping cart. Our research findings offer important information for benchmarking managerial expectations with regard to product selection and merchandising decisions. As futures perspectives, we propose new research areas related to the impulse buying behavior such as studying different types of stores (for example supermarket), or other types of product (clothing), or studying consumption of food products in religious month of Muslims (Ramadan). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impulse%20buying" title="impulse buying">impulse buying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=situational%20variables" title=" situational variables"> situational variables</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20variables" title=" personal variables"> personal variables</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotional%20states" title=" emotional states"> emotional states</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PAD%20model%20of%20Merhabian%20and%20Russell" title=" PAD model of Merhabian and Russell"> PAD model of Merhabian and Russell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algerian%20consumer" title=" Algerian consumer"> Algerian consumer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23169/a-behavioral-approach-of-impulse-buying-application-to-algerian-food-stores" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23169.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">420</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1490</span> An Empirical Investigation of Relationships between Consumer Involvement and Advertisement Effectiveness </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasim%20Karami%20Mal%20Amiri">Nasim Karami Mal Amiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farhad%20Razm%20Azma"> Farhad Razm Azma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Parts of consumer involvement in regards to one product are related to advertisement strategies. Different consumer involvement has different answers to the effectiveness of advertisement. This study has divided the market considering the characteristics and relationship between consumer involvement and the effectiveness of advertisement. The results of this study show consumer involvement which does affect parts of marketing. A positive and direct relationship among consumer involvement and the eventual effectiveness of advertisement has been shown. A great amount of consumer involvement is directly related to advertisement effectiveness. Therefore, consumer involvement is a critical factor in advertisement strategies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20involvement" title="consumer involvement">consumer involvement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advertisement%20effectiveness" title=" advertisement effectiveness"> advertisement effectiveness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategy" title=" strategy"> strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20marketing" title=" effective marketing "> effective marketing </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13105/an-empirical-investigation-of-relationships-between-consumer-involvement-and-advertisement-effectiveness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13105.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">456</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1489</span> Dairy Products on the Algerian Market: Proportion of Imitation and Degree of Processing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bentayeb-Ait%20Lounis%20Sa%C3%AFda">Bentayeb-Ait Lounis Saïda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheref%20Zahia"> Cheref Zahia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cherifi%20Thizi"> Cherifi Thizi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ri%20Kahina%20Bahmed"> Ri Kahina Bahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kahina%20Hallali%20Yasmine%20Abdellaoui"> Kahina Hallali Yasmine Abdellaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kenza%20Adli"> Kenza Adli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Algeria is the leading consumer of dairy products in North Africa. This is a fact. However, the nutritional quality of the latter remains unknown. The aim of this study is to characterise the dairy products available on the Algerian market in order to assess whether they constitute a healthy and safe choice. To do this, it collected data on the labelling of 390 dairy products, including cheese, yoghurt, UHT milk and milk drinks, infant formula and dairy creams. We assessed their degree of processing according to the NOVA classification, as well as the proportion of imitation products. The study was carried out between March 2020 and August 2023. The results show that 88% are ultra-processed; 84% for 'cheese', 92% for dairy creams, 92% for 'yoghurt', 100% for infant formula, 92% for margarines and 36% for UHT milk/dairy drinks. As for imitation/analogue dairy products, the study revealed the following proportions: 100% for infant formula, 78% for butter/margarine, 18% for UHT milk/milk-based drinks, 54% for cheese, 2% for camembert and 75% for dairy cream. The harmful effects of consuming ultra-processed products on long-term health are increasingly documented in dozens of publications. The findings of this study sound the alarm about the health risks to which Algerian consumers are exposed. Various scientific, economic and industrial bodies need to be involved in order to safeguard consumer health in both the short and long term. Food awareness and education campaigns should be organised. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dairy" title="dairy">dairy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UPF" title=" UPF"> UPF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NOVA" title=" NOVA"> NOVA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yoghurt" title=" yoghurt"> yoghurt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cheese" title=" cheese"> cheese</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187439/dairy-products-on-the-algerian-market-proportion-of-imitation-and-degree-of-processing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187439.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">35</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1488</span> Challenges for Tourism Development in Algeria: Perspectives of Algerian Tourism Suppliers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nour-Elhouda%20Lecheheb">Nour-Elhouda Lecheheb</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite substantial tourism potentials, the Algerian tourism industry has faced a number of challenges, including the government heavy dependence on the energy sector, negative perception in the West, and a lack of effective resource management and marketing. This paper attempts to discuss the challenges hindering the development of the Algerian tourism industry from the perspective of the official tourism suppliers in Algeria both in the public and private sectors. A total of 10 semi-structured interviews were conducted during a field-trip to Algiers, Algeria, in September 2019. From the analysis of the interviews, it is evident that the Algerian tourism suppliers face a number of challenges mainly the country’s negative image in the West and a significant lack of political and financial support to contest this negative image effectively and sufficiently. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algerian%20tourism" title="Algerian tourism">Algerian tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=destination%20development" title=" destination development"> destination development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=destination%20image" title=" destination image"> destination image</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20suppliers" title=" tourism suppliers"> tourism suppliers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148363/challenges-for-tourism-development-in-algeria-perspectives-of-algerian-tourism-suppliers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148363.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">258</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1487</span> Ethnopharmacology of Urinary Deseases in Algerian Sahara</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Sekkoum">Khaled Sekkoum</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The traditional pharmacopoeia of Algerian Sahara is very rich on vegetable drugs. The great resources and biodiversity of Algerian Sahara flora seem responsible. A survey of medicinal plants used by the local population of the south west of Algeria for the urinary disorders is reported. Sixty-three plant species belonging to thirty-three families were identified. Their botanical and local names, plant part used, mode of use and ailment treated are given. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medicinal%20plants" title="medicinal plants">medicinal plants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urinary%20diseases" title=" urinary diseases"> urinary diseases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahara" title=" Sahara"> Sahara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algeria" title=" Algeria"> Algeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11687/ethnopharmacology-of-urinary-deseases-in-algerian-sahara" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11687.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1486</span> The Contribution of Algerian Sports Channels on YouTube to the Marketing of Professional Players Abroad: The View of Algerian Sports Content Makers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Mana">Ali Mana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Okba%20Lahmar"> Okba Lahmar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is natural that sports media seeks to reach the audience of viewers wherever they are and at any time. Perhaps YouTube is one of the most important platforms in which the Algerian audience resides, as Alexa, which is one of the most important tools for providing usage statistics, indicated that the number of Algerian audience views of this site has exceeded 11 million views per month, and many Algerian content makers have initiated the creation of Sports channels in order to achieve profit goals. They also seek through it to market professional footballers abroad, in addition to influencing the opinions of fans towards them. This scene directs us to study the extent to which these channels contribute to discovering professional players, marketing to them, and protecting them from negative criticism. We also aim to know the extent of the influence of the content makers of these channels on the Algerian audience and to raise their awareness of the positive support of the players, regardless of their level of performance. To collect the necessary data, a descriptive study was conducted in which interview and observation were adopted as two basic tools. The sample included 04 sports content makers out of the total community that organizes more than 50 channels. It was chosen intentionally and included channels with more than 300,000 subscribers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20content%20creators" title="sports content creators">sports content creators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=YouTube" title=" YouTube"> YouTube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=professional%20player" title=" professional player"> professional player</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algerian%20public" title=" Algerian public"> Algerian public</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20marketing" title=" sports marketing"> sports marketing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183399/the-contribution-of-algerian-sports-channels-on-youtube-to-the-marketing-of-professional-players-abroad-the-view-of-algerian-sports-content-makers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183399.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1485</span> Integrating ICT in Teaching and Learning English in the Algerian Classroom</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Tahar%20Djebbar">A. Tahar Djebbar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Modern technologies have penetrated all spheres of human life, education being one of them. This paper focuses the attention on the integration of technology-based education in the Algerian classroom in teaching foreign languages. It sheds light on a specific area of ICT application: ICT in English learning and teaching. Some Algerian teachers or tutors of English face many challenges among which the lack of teaching materials which are indispensable for transmitting knowledge to learners. Thus, they find themselves compelled to use online e-books or download them in PDF form to support their lessons. Teachers even download such teaching materials like pictures, videos, audios, podcasts, and flash cards from the internet and store them in their Flash USBs to shape up the teaching-learning conditions. They use computers, data shows, and the internet so as to facilitate the teaching–learning process in the classroom. Hence, technology has become a must in the Algerian classroom especially in teaching English which has become a very important language in a national and an international level. This study aims at showing that Algerian tutors/teachers who take up the challenge of getting involved in the technology-enhanced language learning and teaching in the Algerian schools and universities face many obstacles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer" title="computer">computer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title=" communication"> communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=English" title=" English"> English</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet" title=" internet"> internet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learners" title=" learners"> learners</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20acquisition" title=" language acquisition"> language acquisition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching" title=" teaching"> teaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology" title=" technology "> technology </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15340/integrating-ict-in-teaching-and-learning-english-in-the-algerian-classroom" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15340.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">644</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1484</span> Application of Fair Value Accounting in an Emerging Market Algerian Case</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haouam%20Djemaa">Haouam Djemaa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed to identify the possibility for applying fair value accounting by Algerian enterprises coted in capital maket (Algiers stock exchange). To achieve the objectives of this study, we made an interview with preparers of accounting information. The results document that enterprises are aware of fair value accounting in financial reporting because of its ability to provide useful accounting, but it depends on the availability of favorable circumstances for its application and this is what is missing in the Algerian environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fair%20value" title="fair value">fair value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20reporting" title=" financial reporting"> financial reporting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accounting%20information" title=" accounting information"> accounting information</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=valuation%20method" title=" valuation method"> valuation method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21915/application-of-fair-value-accounting-in-an-emerging-market-algerian-case" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21915.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">393</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1483</span> Review of Models of Consumer Behaviour and Influence of Emotions in the Decision Making</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mikel%20Alonso%20L%C3%B3pez">Mikel Alonso López</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to begin the process of studying the task of making consumer decisions, the main decision models must be analyzed. The objective of this task is to see if there is a presence of emotions in those models, and analyze how authors that have created them consider their impact in consumer choices. In this paper, the most important models of consumer behavior are analysed. This review is useful to consider an unproblematic background knowledge in the literature. The order that has been established for this study is chronological. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20behaviour" title="consumer behaviour">consumer behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotions" title=" emotions"> emotions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making" title=" decision making"> decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20psychology" title=" consumer psychology"> consumer psychology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50054/review-of-models-of-consumer-behaviour-and-influence-of-emotions-in-the-decision-making" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50054.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">451</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1482</span> Food Consumer Protection in Moroccan Legal System: A Systematic Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bouchaib%20Gazzaz">Bouchaib Gazzaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mounir%20Mehdi"> Mounir Mehdi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to ensure consumer food protection, the food industry has a legal obligation to provide food products that comply with the requirements of the legislation in force. National regulations in this area occupy an important place in the food control system in terms of consumer protection. This article discusses the legal and regulatory framework of food safety and consumer protection in Moroccan law. We used the doctrinal research approach by analyzing the judicial normative and bibliographic legal research. As a result, we were able to present the basic principles of consumer food protection by showing to what extent the food safety law provides effective consumer protection in Morocco. We have concluded that there is an impact -in terms of consumer legal protection- of food law reform on the concept of food safety. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20safety" title="food safety">food safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morocco" title=" Morocco"> Morocco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20protection" title=" consumer protection"> consumer protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=framework" title=" framework"> framework</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20law" title=" food law"> food law</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146727/food-consumer-protection-in-moroccan-legal-system-a-systematic-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146727.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1481</span> Investigating (Im)Politeness Strategies in Email Communication: The Case Algerian PhD Supervisees and Irish Supervisors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zehor%20Ktitni">Zehor Ktitni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In pragmatics, politeness is regarded as a feature of paramount importance to successful interpersonal relationships. On the other hand, emails have recently become one of the indispensable means of communication in educational settings. This research puts email communication at the core of the study and analyses it from a politeness perspective. More specifically, it endeavours to look closely at how the concept of (im)politeness is reflected through students’ emails. To this end, a corpus of Algerian supervisees’ email threads, exchanged with their Irish supervisors, was compiled. Leech’s model of politeness (2014) was selected as the main theoretical framework of this study, in addition to making reference to Brown and Levinson’s model (1987) as it is one of the most influential models in the area of pragmatic politeness. Further, some follow-up interviews are to be conducted with Algerian students to reinforce the results derived from the corpus. Initial findings suggest that Algerian Ph.D. students’ emails tend to include more politeness markers than impoliteness ones, they heavily make use of academic titles when addressing their supervisors (Dr. or Prof.), and they rely on hedging devices in order to sound polite. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=politeness" title="politeness">politeness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=email%20communication" title=" email communication"> email communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corpus%20pragmatics" title=" corpus pragmatics"> corpus pragmatics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algerian%20PhD%20supervisees" title=" Algerian PhD supervisees"> Algerian PhD supervisees</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irish%20supervisors" title=" Irish supervisors"> Irish supervisors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176737/investigating-impoliteness-strategies-in-email-communication-the-case-algerian-phd-supervisees-and-irish-supervisors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176737.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">70</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1480</span> Stuck Down in the Mess of Aisles: Need of a Practical Consumer Welfare Policy Framework in Sri Lanka with Special Reference to Japan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20N.%20R.%20de%20Silva">E. N. R. de Silva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main purpose of this research is to set a policy framework for establishing a legal, institutional and social infrastructure that enhances the welfare, health, safety and economic interest of the consumers in Sri Lanka. It will help to develop an approach to continuously and successfully advocate for a consumer protection legal reform agenda and also it is significant as it gives directions to create national consumer protection associations in Sri Lanka. The methodology adopted for this research is purely a qualitative approach and it is generally and specifically categorized. Generally, part of this research looked at the existing laws, regulations and how effective they are in order to protect consumers. It will analyze the consumer protection framework and specially, consumer protection enhanced by the public organizations in Japan. This research offers a model with methods and legal instruments to enforce advocacy group to enhance consumer welfare, also brings out reforms to be made in the national legal framework on consumer welfare. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20protection%20association" title="consumer protection association">consumer protection association</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20protection%20law" title=" consumer protection law"> consumer protection law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20welfare" title=" consumer welfare"> consumer welfare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=legal%20framework" title=" legal framework"> legal framework</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63357/stuck-down-in-the-mess-of-aisles-need-of-a-practical-consumer-welfare-policy-framework-in-sri-lanka-with-special-reference-to-japan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63357.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1479</span> Analytical Approach to Reinsurance in Algeria as an Emerging Market</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nesrine%20Bouzaher">Nesrine Bouzaher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Okba%20Necira"> Okba Necira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The financial aspect of the Algerian economy is part of all sectors that have undergone great changes these two last decades; the goal is to enable economic mechanisms for real growth. Insurance is an indispensable tool for stabilizing these mechanisms. Therefore the national economy needs to develop the insurance market in order to support the investments, externally and internally; it turns out that reinsurance is one of the area which could prove their performance in several markets mainly emerging ones. The expansion of reinsurance in the domestic market is the preoccupation of this work, focusing on factors that could enhance the demand of reinsurance in the Algerian market. This work will be based on an analytical research of the economic contribution of the reinsurance and it’s collusion with insurance; market, then it will be necessary to provide an overview of the product in the national emerging market, finally we will try to investigate on the factors that could enhance the demand in the national reinsurance market so as to determine the potential of Algeria in this area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algerian%20reinsurance%20data" title="Algerian reinsurance data">Algerian reinsurance data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=demand%20trend%20of%20Algerian%20reinsurance" title=" demand trend of Algerian reinsurance"> demand trend of Algerian reinsurance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinsurance" title=" reinsurance"> reinsurance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinsurance%20market" title=" reinsurance market"> reinsurance market</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20689/analytical-approach-to-reinsurance-in-algeria-as-an-emerging-market" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20689.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">376</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1478</span> Discussing Concept Gratitude of Muslim Consumers Based on Islamic Law: A Confirmation on the Theory of Consumer Satisfaction through Imam Al-Ghazali's Thought </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suprihatin%20Soewarto">Suprihatin Soewarto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The background of writing this paper is to assess the truth of rejection of some Muslim scholars who develop Islamic economics on the concept of consumer satisfaction and replace it with the concept of maslahah. In the perspective of Islamic law, this rejection attitude needs to be verified in order to know the accuracy of the replacement of this concept of satisfaction with maslahah as part of consumer behavior. This is done so that replacement of rejection of the term satisfaction with maslahah is objective. This objective replacement of the term will surely be more enlightening and more just than the subjective substitution. Therefore the writing of this paper aims to get an answer whether the concept of satisfaction needs to be replaced? is it possible for Islamic law to confirm the theory of consumer satisfaction? The method of writing this paper using the method of literature with a critical analysis approach. The results of this study is an explanation of the similarities and differences of consumer satisfaction theory and consumer theory maslahah according to Islamic law. disclosure of the concept of consumer gratitude according to Islamic law and its implementation in Muslim consumer demand theory. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%27s%20gratitude" title="consumer's gratitude">consumer's gratitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=islamic%20law" title=" islamic law"> islamic law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=confirmation" title=" confirmation"> confirmation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satisfaction%20consumer%27s" title=" satisfaction consumer's"> satisfaction consumer's</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93822/discussing-concept-gratitude-of-muslim-consumers-based-on-islamic-law-a-confirmation-on-the-theory-of-consumer-satisfaction-through-imam-al-ghazalis-thought" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93822.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1477</span> Tutoring between “The Can Do” and “The Have to”: The Case of Batna 2 University (Algeria)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radia%20Guerza">Radia Guerza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tutoring at the Algerian University has been an issue of great controversy and debate. Henceforth, the current paper is an attempt to shed light on the issue of tutoring at Algerian University. It aims to set a plan for tutoring that might meet the student's needs and challenges. It endeavors to explore the following query: “what is the role of tutoring in the Algerian university between “The CAN DO” and “The HAVE TO”? To equate with the addressed research question, an exploratory small-scale study has been carried out at Batna 2 University using questionnaires and interviews with fifty (50) teachers. Results indicate that Algerian University is still lagging behind because of the huge lack of infrastructure means, human resources, and even pedagogical resources. In addition, the majority of our teachers are reluctant to adhere to the tutorial policy due to the lack of incentives; next to that, the increasing yearly number of students and students high ratio would hardly permit any tutoring sessions. Finally, this paper is the first attempt, to our best knowledge, towards raising the awareness of our institution, staff members, teachers, and students towards the importance of tutoring and how to adopt it. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitudes" title="attitudes">attitudes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher%20education" title=" higher education"> higher education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perceptions" title=" perceptions"> perceptions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tutoring" title=" tutoring"> tutoring</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153901/tutoring-between-the-can-do-and-the-have-to-the-case-of-batna-2-university-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153901.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">62</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1476</span> Consumer Innovativeness and Shopping Styles: An Empirical Study in Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hande%20Begum%20Bumin%20Doyduk">Hande Begum Bumin Doyduk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elif%20Okan%20Yolbulan"> Elif Okan Yolbulan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Innovation is very important for success and competitiveness of countries, as well as business sectors and individuals' firms. In order to have successful and sustainable innovations, the other side of the game, consumers, should be aware of the innovations and appreciate them. In this study, the consumer innovativeness is focused and the relationship between motivated consumer innovativeness and consumer shopping styles is analyzed. Motivated consumer innovativeness scale by (Vandecasteele & Geuens, 2010) and consumer shopping styles scale by (Sproles & Kendall, 1986) is used. Data is analyzed by SPSS 20 program through realibility, factor, and correlation analysis. According to the findings of the study, there are strong positive relationships between hedonic innovativeness and recreational shopping style; social innovativeness and brand consciousness; cognitive innovativeness and price consciousness and functional innovativeness and perfectionistic high-quality conscious shopping styles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20innovativeness" title="consumer innovativeness">consumer innovativeness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20decision%20making" title=" consumer decision making"> consumer decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shopping%20styles" title=" shopping styles"> shopping styles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovativeness" title=" innovativeness "> innovativeness </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80680/consumer-innovativeness-and-shopping-styles-an-empirical-study-in-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80680.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1475</span> Analytical Approach to Reinsurance in Algeria as an Emerging Market</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Necira%20Okba">Necira Okba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nesrine%20Bouzaher"> Nesrine Bouzaher</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The financial aspect of the Algerian economy is part of all sectors that have undergone great changes these two last decades; the goal is to enable economic mechanisms for real growth. Insurance is an indispensable tool for stabilizing these mechanisms. Therefore, the national economy needs to develop the insurance market in order to support the investments, externally and intern ally; it turns out that reinsurance is one of the area which could prove their performance in several markets mainly emerging ones. The expansion of reinsurance in the domestic market is the preoccupation of this work, focusing on factors that could enhance the demand of reinsurance in the Algerian market. This work will be based on an analytical research of the economic contribution of the reinsurance and it’s collusion with insurance market, then it will be necessary to provide an overview of the product in the national emerging market, finally we will try to investigate on the factors that could enhance the demand in the national reinsurance market so as to determine the potential of Algeria in this area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algerian%20reinsurance%20data" title="Algerian reinsurance data">Algerian reinsurance data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=demand%20trend%20of%20Algerian%20reinsurance" title=" demand trend of Algerian reinsurance"> demand trend of Algerian reinsurance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinsurance" title=" reinsurance"> reinsurance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinsurance%20market" title=" reinsurance market"> reinsurance market</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22637/analytical-approach-to-reinsurance-in-algeria-as-an-emerging-market" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22637.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">343</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1474</span> Muslim Women Converts through the ideological Eyes of Algerian Newspapers Discourse</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zerrifi%20Meryem">Zerrifi Meryem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Discourse on Muslim women has been criticized in scientific research as being racist, sexist, and ideological. Convert women who come from various backgrounds are cases that form a rich area of investigation that have been covered from a narrative perspective in which experiences of convert women are represented through stories telling journey to conversion to Islam. They have not been problematized in relation to the Algerian media discourse; yet, their omnipresence cannot be denied as a Muslim community. This research aims at demonstrating ideologies that are perpetuated along newspapers’ discourse. The present study investigates the discursive portrayal of female Muslim converts in this type of discourse. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=media%20discourse" title="media discourse">media discourse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=muslim%20women%20converts" title=" muslim women converts"> muslim women converts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algerian%20newspapers" title=" algerian newspapers"> algerian newspapers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ideologies" title=" ideologies"> ideologies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162896/muslim-women-converts-through-the-ideological-eyes-of-algerian-newspapers-discourse" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162896.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">94</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1473</span> Understanding Consumer Behaviors by Using Neuromarketing Tools and Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tabrej%20Khan">Tabrej Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Neuromarketing can refer to the commercial application of neuroscience technologies and insights to drive business further. On the other side, consumer neuroscience can be seen as the academic use of neuroscience to better understand marketing effects on consumer behavior. Consumer Neuroscience and Neuromarketing is a multidisciplinary effort between economics, psychology, and neuroscience and information technology. Traditional methods are using survey, interviews, focus group people are overtly and consciously reporting on their experience and thoughts. The unconscious side of customer behavior is largely unmeasured in the traditional methods. Neuroscience has a potential to understand the unconscious part. Through this paper, we are going to present specific results of selected tools and methods that are used to understand consumer behaviors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuromarketing" title="neuromarketing">neuromarketing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuroscience" title=" neuroscience"> neuroscience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20behaviors" title=" consumer behaviors"> consumer behaviors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tools" title=" tools"> tools</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62543/understanding-consumer-behaviors-by-using-neuromarketing-tools-and-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62543.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1472</span> Calculate Consumer Surplus and Producer Surplus Using Integration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bojan%20Radisic">Bojan Radisic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katarina%20Stavlic"> Katarina Stavlic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper describes two economics terms consumer surplus and producer surplus using the definite integrals (the Riemann integral). The consumer surplus is the difference between what consumers are willing to pay and actual price. The producer surplus is the difference between what producers selling at the current price, rather than at the price they would have been are willing to accept. Using the definite integrals describe terms and mathematical formulas of the consumer surplus and the producer surplus and will be applied to the numerical examples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20surplus" title="consumer surplus">consumer surplus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=producer%20surplus" title=" producer surplus"> producer surplus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=definite%20integral" title=" definite integral"> definite integral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integration" title=" integration"> integration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29101/calculate-consumer-surplus-and-producer-surplus-using-integration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29101.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">587</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1471</span> Assessment and Analysis of Literary Criticism and Consumer Research</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Mirzaei">Mohammad Mirzaei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article proposes literary criticism as a source of insight into consumer behavior, provides an extensive overview of literary criticism, provides concrete illustrative analysis, and offers suggestions for further research. To do, a literary analysis of advertising copy identifies elements that provide additional information to consumer researchers and discusses the contribution of literary criticism to consumer research. Important post-war critical schools of thought are reviewed, and relevant theoretical concepts are summarized. Ivory Flakes' advertisements are analyzed using a variety of concepts drawn from literary schools, primarily sociocultural and reader responses. Suggestions for further research on content analysis, image analysis, and consumption history are presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20behaviour" title="consumer behaviour">consumer behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20research" title=" consumer research"> consumer research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumption%20history" title=" consumption history"> consumption history</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=criticism" title=" criticism"> criticism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163169/assessment-and-analysis-of-literary-criticism-and-consumer-research" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163169.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">100</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1470</span> Consumer Ethnocentrism: A Dynamic Literature Review from 1987-2015</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thi%20Phuong%20Chi%20Nguyen">Thi Phuong Chi Nguyen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although consumer ethnocentrism has been widely studied in academic research since 1987, somehow it is still considered as a new and unknown concept in marketing theory and practice. By analyzing the content, three mainstreams of consumer ethnocentrism were found including economic, management and marketing approaches. The present study indicated that the link between consumer ethnocentrism and consumer behaviours varies across countries. Consumers in developing countries might be both patriotic about their home countries and curious about foreign cultures at the same time. The most important finding is identifying three main periods in the chronological development of consumer ethnocentrism research. The first period, spanning from 1987 to 1995, was characterized by the introduction of the consumer ethnocentrism concepts and scales, the unidimensionality and the adaptation of the standard CETSCALE version. The second period 1996-2005 witnessed the replication of CETSCALE in various fields, as well as an increase in the volume of researches in developing and emerging countries; the exploration of determinants and the begin of multidimensionality. In the third period from 2006 to present, all variables related to CET were syntherized within the theory of planne behavior. Consumer ethnocentrism analyses were conducted even in less-developed countries and in groups of countries within longitudinal studies. The results from this study showed many inadequacies relating to consumer ethnocentrism in the context of globalisation for further researches to examine. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CETSCALE" title="CETSCALE">CETSCALE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20behavior" title=" consumer behavior"> consumer behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20ethnocentrism" title=" consumer ethnocentrism"> consumer ethnocentrism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business" title=" business"> business</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing" title=" marketing"> marketing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26918/consumer-ethnocentrism-a-dynamic-literature-review-from-1987-2015" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26918.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">434</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1469</span> Mobile Health Programs by Government: A Content Analysis of Online Consumer Reviews</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ge%20Zhan">Ge Zhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mobile health (mHealth) concerns the use of mobile technologies to deliver health care and improve wellness. In this paper, we ask the question of what are the drivers of positive consumer attitude toward mHealth programs. Answers to this question are important to consumer health, but existing marketing and health care service literature does not provide sufficient empirical conclusions on the use of mobile technologies for consumer health. This study aims to fill the knowledge gap by investigating mHealth use and consumer attitude. A content analysis was conducted with sample mHealth programs and online consumer reviews in Hong Kong, UK, US, and India. The research findings will contribute to marketing and health services literature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20health" title="mobile health">mobile health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20attitude" title=" consumer attitude"> consumer attitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=content%20analysis" title=" content analysis"> content analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20marketing" title=" online marketing"> online marketing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41497/mobile-health-programs-by-government-a-content-analysis-of-online-consumer-reviews" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41497.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">396</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1468</span> Protocol for Consumer Research in Academia for Community Marketing Campaigns</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agnes%20J.%20Otjen">Agnes J. Otjen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20Keller"> Sarah Keller</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A Montana university has used applied consumer research in experiential learning with non-profit clients for over a decade. Through trial and error, a successful protocol has been established from problem statement through formative research to integrated marketing campaign execution. In this paper, we describe the protocol and its applications. Analysis was completed to determine the effectiveness of the campaigns and the results of how pre- and post-consumer research mark societal change because of media. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer" title="consumer">consumer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=research" title=" research"> research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing" title=" marketing"> marketing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communications" title=" communications"> communications</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157717/protocol-for-consumer-research-in-academia-for-community-marketing-campaigns" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157717.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1467</span> The Consumer's Behavior of Bakery Products in Bangkok</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiraporn%20Weenuttranon">Jiraporn Weenuttranon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objectives of the consumer behavior of bakery products in Bangkok are to study consumer behavior of the bakery product, to study the essential factors that could possibly affect the consumer behavior and to study recommendations for the development of the bakery products. This research is a survey research. Populations are buyer’s bakery products in Bangkok. The probability sample size is 400. The research uses a questionnaire for self-learning by using information technology. The researcher created a reliability value at 0.71 levels of significance. The data analysis will be done by using the percentage, mean, and standard deviation and testing the hypotheses by using chi-square. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer" title="consumer">consumer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavior" title=" behavior"> behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bakery" title=" bakery"> bakery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=standard%20deviation" title=" standard deviation "> standard deviation </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16327/the-consumers-behavior-of-bakery-products-in-bangkok" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16327.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">482</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1466</span> Perceived and Projected Images of Algeria: A Comparison Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nour-Elhouda%20Lecheheb">Nour-Elhouda Lecheheb</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Destination image is one of the main factors that influence potential visitors' decision choice. This study aims to explore the pre-visit perception of prior British tourists and compare them to the actual projected images of the Algerian tourism suppliers. Semi-structured interviews are conducted with both prior British tourists to Algeria and the Algerian tourism suppliers in 2019. The findings of this study suggest how the Algerian tourism suppliers might benefit from understanding the perceived image of prior tourists to match tourists' expectations and better plan their projected images. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=destination%20choice" title=" destination choice"> destination choice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=destination%20image" title=" destination image"> destination image</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perceived%20image" title=" perceived image"> perceived image</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=projected%20image" title=" projected image"> projected image</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148424/perceived-and-projected-images-of-algeria-a-comparison-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148424.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1465</span> Dynamic Economic Load Dispatch Using Quadratic Programming: Application to Algerian Electrical Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Graa">A. Graa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Ziane"> I. Ziane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Benhamida"> F. Benhamida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Souag"> S. Souag</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a comparative analysis study of an efficient and reliable quadratic programming (QP) to solve economic load dispatch (ELD) problem with considering transmission losses in a power system. The proposed QP method takes care of different unit and system constraints to find optimal solution. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed QP solution, simulations have been performed using Algerian test system. Results obtained with the QP method have been compared with other existing relevant approaches available in literatures. Experimental results show a proficiency of the QP method over other existing techniques in terms of robustness and its optimal search. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20dispatch" title="economic dispatch">economic dispatch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quadratic%20programming" title=" quadratic programming"> quadratic programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algerian%20network" title=" Algerian network"> Algerian network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20load" title=" dynamic load"> dynamic load</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23032/dynamic-economic-load-dispatch-using-quadratic-programming-application-to-algerian-electrical-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23032.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">565</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1464</span> Mapping Identity: Algerian Diasporic Voices in Literature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salma%20Kaouthar%20Letaief">Salma Kaouthar Letaief</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article investigates the experience of diaspora in the writings of Algerian diasporic writers, namely: Leila Sebbar’s Silence on the Shores (2000), Keltoum Staali’ December’s Mimosa (2012). The study discusses the collective trauma of violence in Algeria and overseas. The experience of displacement of the characters to an alien territory compel their journey with issues related to nostalgia, identity crisis, alienation, racism, and in-betweeness. The focus in this research is, thus, on Algerian immigrants’ experience in the host country and their psychological conflicts. The theories Multiculturalism and Psychoanalysis are used to analyse the novels in this paper. While Multiculturalism examines how characters negotiate and navigate their identities in multicultural settings, Psychoanalysis enables the analysis of how characters in diasporic novels grapple with issues of identity, belonging, and self-discovery. Hence, interweaving multiculturalism and psychoanalysis provides an interdisciplinary framework that addresses both the socio-cultural and psychological aspects of the diasporic experience. Accordingly, this paper is an attempt to examine the diasporic experience and cultural dialectics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diaspora" title="diaspora">diaspora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algerian%20diasporic%20writers" title=" algerian diasporic writers"> algerian diasporic writers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trauma" title=" trauma"> trauma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algeria" title=" algeria"> algeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=displacement" title=" displacement"> displacement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identity%20crisis" title=" identity crisis"> identity crisis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20dialects" title=" cultural dialects"> cultural dialects</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178032/mapping-identity-algerian-diasporic-voices-in-literature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178032.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1463</span> Calculation of Inflation from Salaries Instead of Consumer Products: A Logical Exercise</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Dahlen">E. Dahlen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Inflation can be calculated from either the prices of consumer products or from salaries. This paper presents a logical exercise that shows it is easier to calculate inflation from salaries than from consumer products. While the prices of consumer products may change due to technological advancement, such as automation, which must be corrected for, salaries do not. If technological advancements are not accounted for within calculations based on consumer product prices, inflation can be confused with real wage changes, since both inflation and real wage changes affect the prices of consumer products. The method employed in this paper is a logical exercise. Logical arguments are presented that suggest the existence of many different feasible ways by which inflation can be determined. Then a short mathematical exercise will be presented which shows that one of these methods –using salaries – contains the fewest number of unknown parameters, and hence, is the preferred method, since the risk of mistakes is lower. From the results, it can be concluded that salaries, rather than consumer products, should be used to calculate inflation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflation" title="inflation">inflation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=logic" title=" logic"> logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=math" title=" math"> math</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real%20wages" title=" real wages"> real wages</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67205/calculation-of-inflation-from-salaries-instead-of-consumer-products-a-logical-exercise" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67205.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">330</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1462</span> Biodiversity of Platyhelminthes Parasites on Batoids (Elasmobranchii) Fishes from the Algerian Coasts: First Annotated Inventory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fadila%20Tazerouti">Fadila Tazerouti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Affaf%20Boukadoum"> Affaf Boukadoum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamilia%20Gharbi"> Kamilia Gharbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karima%20Benmeslem"> Karima Benmeslem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Parasites are recognized as an important component of biodiversity because of their crucial role in providing valuable information on host populations and in the functioning and balance of natural ecosystems. Although the knowledge about these pathogen organisms' diversity has increased these last years, many species still need to be identified and more investigations should be performed. Batoid fishes represent a significant biological resource, especially among populations of the Mediterranean basin. However, the data on their parasitic fauna, particularly in Algeria, remains unknown and still incomplete. Therefore, the aim of this study is to survey and provide data on the biodiversity of Platyhelminthes parasites of Elasmobranches fishes from Algerian coasts. 3217 specimens of Batoids belonging to 4 families, Topedinidae, Rajdae, Dasyatidae and Myliobatidae, caught in several sites on the Algerian coasts, were examined for their parasites. 47 taxa, including 7 new for science and belonging to 2 classes Monogenea and Cestoda, have been identified. Monogeneans presented the highest richness with 24 taxa and 5 new species for science: 4 Amphibdelloides species and one Calicotyle species. Cestodes are represented by 23 taxa and 3 new species: 2 Acanthobothrium and 1 species Echinobothrium. This study allowed us to establish for the first time in Algeria an inventory of Platyhelminthes parasites of this group of Chondrichthyes fish, as well as an invaluable contribution to the knowledge about the parasitic fauna of Algerian and Mediterranean Elasmobranch fishes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parasitic%20platyhelminthes" title="parasitic platyhelminthes">parasitic platyhelminthes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodiversity" title=" biodiversity"> biodiversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elasmobranches" title=" elasmobranches"> elasmobranches</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algerian%20coasts" title=" algerian coasts"> algerian coasts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory" title=" inventory"> inventory</a> </p> <a 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