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homer</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: homer"> <meta name="keywords" content="homer"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="homer"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 36</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: homer</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> Optimization of Hybrid off Grid Energy Station</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yehya%20Abdellatif">Yehya Abdellatif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iyad%20M.%20Muslih"> Iyad M. Muslih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azzah%20Alkhalailah"> Azzah Alkhalailah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdallah%20Muslih"> Abdallah Muslih</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable (HOMER) software was utilized to find the optimum design of a hybrid off-Grid system, by choosing the optimal solution depending on the cost analysis of energy based on different capacity shortage percentages. A complete study for the site conditions and load profile was done to optimize the design and implementation of a hybrid off-grid power station. In addition, the solution takes into consecration the ambient temperature effect on the efficiency of the power generation and the economical aspects of selection depending on real market price. From the analysis of the HOMER model results, the optimum hybrid power station was suggested, based on wind speed, and solar conditions. The optimization function objective is to minimize the Net Price Cost (NPC) and the Cost of Energy (COE) with zero and 10 percentage of capacity shortage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20modeling" title="energy modeling">energy modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HOMER" title=" HOMER"> HOMER</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=off-grid%20system" title=" off-grid system"> off-grid system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32205/optimization-of-hybrid-off-grid-energy-station" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32205.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">563</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> Simulation and Optimization of Hybrid Energy System Autonomous PV-Diesel-Wind Power with Battery Storage for Relay Antenna Telecommunication</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahri%20Toufik">Tahri Toufik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bouchachia%20Mohamed"> Bouchachia Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Braikia%20Oussama"> Braikia Oussama</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this work is the design and optimization of a hybrid PV-Diesel-Wind power system with storage in order to power a relay antenna telecommunication isolated in Chlef region. The aim of the simulation of this hybrid system by the HOMER software is to determine the size and the number of each element of the system and to determine the optimal technical and economic configuration using monthly average values per year for a fixed charge antenna relay telecommunication of 22kWh/d. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HOMER" title="HOMER">HOMER</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid" title=" hybrid"> hybrid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PV-diesel-wind%20system" title=" PV-diesel-wind system"> PV-diesel-wind system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relay%20antenna%20telecommunication" title=" relay antenna telecommunication"> relay antenna telecommunication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15856/simulation-and-optimization-of-hybrid-energy-system-autonomous-pv-diesel-wind-power-with-battery-storage-for-relay-antenna-telecommunication" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15856.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">517</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> Optimization and Feasibility Analysis of a PV/Wind/ Battery Hybrid Energy Conversion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Doaa%20M.%20Atia">Doaa M. Atia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faten%20H.%20Fahmy"> Faten H. Fahmy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ninet%20M.%20A.%20El-Rahman"> Ninet M. A. El-Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20T.%20Dorra"> Hassan T. Dorra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the optimum design for renewable energy system powered an aquaculture pond was determined. Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable (HOMER) software program, which is developed by U.S National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), is used for analyzing the feasibility of the stand-alone and hybrid system in this study. HOMER program determines whether renewable energy resources satisfy hourly electric demand or not. The program calculates energy balance for every 8760 hours in a year to simulate operation of the system. This optimization compares the demand for the electrical energy for each hour of the year with the energy supplied by the system for that hour and calculates the relevant energy flow for each component in the model. The essential principle is to minimize the total system cost while HOMER ensures control of the system. Moreover the feasibility analysis of the energy system is also studied. Wind speed, solar irradiance, interest rate and capacity shortage are the parameters which are taken into consideration. The simulation results indicate that the hybrid system is the best choice in this study, yielding lower net present cost. Thus, it provides higher system performance than PV or wind stand-alone systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20stand-alone%20system" title="wind stand-alone system">wind stand-alone system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photovoltaic%20stand-alone%20system" title=" photovoltaic stand-alone system"> photovoltaic stand-alone system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20system" title=" hybrid system"> hybrid system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimum%20system%20sizing" title=" optimum system sizing"> optimum system sizing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feasibility" title=" feasibility"> feasibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost%20analysis" title=" cost analysis"> cost analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3912/optimization-and-feasibility-analysis-of-a-pvwind-battery-hybrid-energy-conversion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3912.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">340</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Analysis of Energy Planning and Optimization with Microgrid System in Dawei Region</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hninn%20Thiri%20Naing">Hninn Thiri Naing</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Myanmar, there are many regions that are far away from the national grid. For these areas, isolated regional micro-grids are one of the solutions. The study area in this paper is also operating in such way. The main difficulty in such regions is the high cost of electrical energy. This paper will be approached to cost-effective or cost-optimization by energy planning with renewable energy resources and natural gas. Micro-grid will be set up for performance in the Dawei region since it is economic zone in lower Myanmar and so far from national grids. The required metrological and geographical data collections are done. Currently, the status is electric unit rate is higher than the other. For microgrid planning and optimization, Homer Pro-software is employed in this research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20planning" title="energy planning">energy planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homer%20pro" title=" homer pro"> homer pro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost%20of%20energy" title=" cost of energy"> cost of energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150352/analysis-of-energy-planning-and-optimization-with-microgrid-system-in-dawei-region" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150352.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Hybrid System Configurations and Charging Strategies for Isolated Electric Tuk-Tuk Charging Station in South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Bokopane">L. Bokopane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Kusakana"> K. Kusakana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20J.%20Vermaark"> H. J. Vermaark </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The success of renewable powered electric vehicle charging station in isolated areas depends highly on the availability and sustainability of renewable resources all year round at a selected location. The main focus of this paper is to discuss the possible charging strategies that could be implemented to find the best possible configuration of an electric Tuk-Tuk charging station at a given location within South Africa. The charging station is designed, modeled and simulated to evaluate its performances. The techno-economic analysis of different feasible supply configurations of the charging station using renewable energies is simulated using HOMER software and the results compared in order to select the best possible charging strategies in terms of cost of energy consumed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20tuk-tuk" title="electric tuk-tuk">electric tuk-tuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20Storage" title=" energy Storage"> energy Storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20systems" title=" hybrid systems"> hybrid systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HOMER" title=" HOMER"> HOMER</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13148/hybrid-system-configurations-and-charging-strategies-for-isolated-electric-tuk-tuk-charging-station-in-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13148.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">513</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Optimization of a Hybrid PV-Diesel Mini grid System: A Case Study of Vimtim-Mubi, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julius%20Agaka%20Yusufu">Julius Agaka Yusufu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study undertakes the development of an optimal PV-diesel hybrid power system tailored to the specific energy landscape of Vimtim Mubi, Nigeria, utilizing real-world wind speed, solar radiation, and diesel cost data. Employing HOMER simulation, the research meticulously assesses the technical and financial viability of this hybrid configuration. Additionally, a rigorous performance comparison is conducted between the PV-diesel system and the conventional grid-connected alternative, offering crucial insights into the potential advantages and economic feasibility of adopting hybrid renewable energy solutions in regions grappling with energy access and reliability challenges, with implications for sustainable electrification efforts in similar communities worldwide. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vimtim-Nigeria" title="Vimtim-Nigeria">Vimtim-Nigeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homer" title=" homer"> homer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PV-diesel%20hybrid%20system." title=" PV-diesel hybrid system."> PV-diesel hybrid system.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183306/optimization-of-a-hybrid-pv-diesel-mini-grid-system-a-case-study-of-vimtim-mubi-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183306.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">72</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Optimization of a Hybrid PV-Diesel Minigrid System: A Case Study of Vimtim-Mubi, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julius%20Agaka%20Yusufu">Julius Agaka Yusufu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsutomu%20Dei"> Tsutomu Dei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanif%20Ibrahim%20Awal"> Hanif Ibrahim Awal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study undertakes the development of an optimal PV-diesel hybrid power system tailored to the specific energy landscape of Vimtim Mubi, Nigeria, utilizing real-world wind speed, solar radiation, and diesel cost data. Employing HOMER simulation, the research meticulously assesses the technical and financial viability of this hybrid configuration. Additionally, a rigorous performance comparison is conducted between the PV-diesel system and the conventional grid-connected alternative, offering crucial insights into the potential advantages and economic feasibility of adopting hybrid renewable energy solutions in regions grappling with energy access and reliability challenges, with implications for sustainable electrification efforts in similar communities worldwide. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vimtim-Nigeria" title="Vimtim-Nigeria">Vimtim-Nigeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Homer" title=" Homer"> Homer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PV-diesel%20hybrid%20system" title=" PV-diesel hybrid system"> PV-diesel hybrid system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173838/optimization-of-a-hybrid-pv-diesel-minigrid-system-a-case-study-of-vimtim-mubi-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173838.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Small Wind Turbine Hybrid System for Remote Application: Egyptian Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Badr">M. A. Badr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20N.%20Mohib"> A. N. Mohib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20M.%20Ibrahim"> M. M. Ibrahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this research is to study the technical and economic performance of wind/diesel/battery (W/D/B) system supplying a remote small gathering of six families using HOMER software package. The electrical energy is to cater for the basic needs for which the daily load pattern is estimated. Net Present Cost (NPC) and Cost of Energy (COE) are used as economic criteria, while the measure of performance is % of power shortage. Technical and economic parameters are defined to estimate the feasibility of the system under study. Optimum system configurations are estimated for two sites. Using HOMER software, the simulation results showed that W/D/B systems are economical for the assumed community sites as the price of generated electricity is about 0.308 $/kWh, without taking external benefits into considerations. W/D/B systems are more economical than W/B or diesel alone systems, as the COE is 0.86 $/kWh for W/B and 0.357 $/kWh for diesel alone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimum%20energy%20systems" title="optimum energy systems">optimum energy systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20electrification" title=" remote electrification"> remote electrification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20turbine%20systems" title=" wind turbine systems"> wind turbine systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12793/small-wind-turbine-hybrid-system-for-remote-application-egyptian-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12793.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Design of a Solar Water Heating System with Thermal Storage for a Three-Bedroom House in Newfoundland </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Aisa">Ahmed Aisa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tariq%20Iqbal"> Tariq Iqbal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This letter talks about the ready-to-use design of a solar water heating system because, in Canada, the average consumption of hot water per person is approximately 50 to 75 L per day and the average Canadian household uses 225 L. Therefore, this paper will demonstrate the method of designing a solar water heating system with thermal storage. It highlights the renewable hybrid power system, allowing you to obtain a reliable, independent system with the optimization of the ingredient size and at an improved capital cost. The system can provide hot water for a big building. The main power for the system comes from solar panels. Solar Advisory Model (SAM) and HOMER are used. HOMER and SAM are design models that calculate the consumption of hot water and cost for a house. Some results, obtained through simulation, were for monthly energy production, annual energy production, after tax cash flow, the lifetime of the system and monthly energy usage represented by three types of energy. These are system energy, electricity load electricity and net metering credit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20heating" title="water heating">water heating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20storage" title=" thermal storage"> thermal storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capital%20cost%20solar" title=" capital cost solar"> capital cost solar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumption" title=" consumption"> consumption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50580/design-of-a-solar-water-heating-system-with-thermal-storage-for-a-three-bedroom-house-in-newfoundland" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50580.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">430</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Application of Homer Optimization to Investigate the Prospects of Hybrid Renewable Energy System in Rural Area: Case of Rwanda</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emile%20Niringiyimana">Emile Niringiyimana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LI%20Ji%20Qing"> LI Ji Qing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giovanni%20Dushimimana"> Giovanni Dushimimana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Virginie%20Umwere"> Virginie Umwere</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The development and utilization of renewable energy (RE) can not only effectively reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, but also became a solution to electricity shortage mitigation in rural areas. Hybrid RE systems are promising ways to provide consistent and continuous power for isolated areas. This work investigated the prospect and cost effectiveness of hybrid system complementarity between a 100kW solar PV system and a small-scale 200kW hydropower station in the South of Rwanda. In order to establish the optimal size of a RE system with adequate sizing of system components, electricity demand, solar radiation, hydrology, climate data are utilized as system input. The average daily solar radiation in Rukarara is 5.6 kWh/m2 and average wind speed is 3.5 m/s. The ideal integrated RE system, according to Homer optimization, consists of 91.21kW PV, 146kW hydropower, 12 x 24V li-ion batteries with a 20kW converter. The method of enhancing such hybrid systems control, sizing and choice of components is to reduce the Net present cost (NPC) of the system, unmet load, the cost of energy and reduction of CO2. The power consumption varies according to dominant source of energy in the system by controlling the energy compensation depending on the generation capacity of each power source. The initial investment of the RE system is $977,689.25, and its operation and maintenance expenses is $142,769.39 over a 25-year period. Although the investment is very high, the targeted profits in future are huge, taking into consideration of high investment in rural electrification structure implementations, tied with an increase of electricity cost and the 5 years payback period. The study outcomes suggest that the standalone hybrid PV-Hydropower system is feasible with zero pollution in Rukara community. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HOMER%20optimization" title="HOMER optimization">HOMER optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20power%20system" title=" hybrid power system"> hybrid power system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NPC%20and%20solar%20pv%20systems" title=" NPC and solar pv systems"> NPC and solar pv systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178977/application-of-homer-optimization-to-investigate-the-prospects-of-hybrid-renewable-energy-system-in-rural-area-case-of-rwanda" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178977.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">61</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Evaluation of Energy Upgrade Measures and Connection of Renewable Energy Sources Using Software Tools: Case Study of an Academic Library Building in Larissa, Greece</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giwrgos%20S.%20Gkarmpounis">Giwrgos S. Gkarmpounis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aikaterini%20G.%20Rokkou"> Aikaterini G. Rokkou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marios%20N.%20Moschakis"> Marios N. Moschakis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Increased energy consumption in the academic buildings, creates the need to implement energy saving measures and to take advantage of the renewable energy sources to cover the electrical needs of those buildings. An Academic Library will be used as a case study. With the aid of RETScreen software that takes into account the energy consumptions and characteristics of the Library Building, it is proved that measures such as the replacement of fluorescent lights with led lights, the installation of outdoor shading, the replacement of the openings and Building Management System installation, provide a high level of energy savings. Moreover, given the available space of the building and the climatic data, the installation of a photovoltaic system of 100 kW can also cover a serious amount of the building energy consumption, unlike a wind system that seems uncompromising. Lastly, HOMER software is used to compare the use of a photovoltaic system against a wind system in order to verify the results that came up from the RETScreen software concerning the renewable energy sources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20sector" title="building sector">building sector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20saving%20measures" title=" energy saving measures"> energy saving measures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20upgrading" title=" energy upgrading"> energy upgrading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homer%20software" title=" homer software"> homer software</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy%20sources" title=" renewable energy sources"> renewable energy sources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RETScreen%20software" title=" RETScreen software"> RETScreen software</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85235/evaluation-of-energy-upgrade-measures-and-connection-of-renewable-energy-sources-using-software-tools-case-study-of-an-academic-library-building-in-larissa-greece" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85235.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">229</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> Optimization of Wind Off-Grid System for Remote Area: Egyptian Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marwa%20M.%20Ibrahim">Marwa M. Ibrahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this research is to study the technical and economic performance of wind/diesel/battery (W/D/B) off-grid system supplying a small remote gathering of four families using the HOMER software package. The second objective is to study the effect of wind energy system on the cost of generated electricity considering the cost of reducing CO₂ emissions as external benefit of wind turbines, no pollutant emission through the operational phase. The system consists of a small wind turbine, battery storage, and diesel generator. The electrical energy is to cater to the basic needs for which the daily load pattern is estimated at 8 kW peak. Net Present Cost (NPC) and Cost of Energy (COE) are used as economic criteria, while the measure of performance is % of power shortage. Technical and economic parameters are defined to estimate the feasibility of the system under study. Optimum system configurations are estimated for the selected site in Egypt. Using HOMER software, the simulation results shows that W/D/B systems are economical for the assumed community site as the price of generated electricity is about 0.285 $/kWh, without taking external benefits into considerations and 0.221 if CO₂ emissions taken into consideration W/D/B systems are more economical than alone diesel system as the COE is 0.432 $/kWh for diesel alone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title="renewable energy">renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20energy%20system" title=" hybrid energy system"> hybrid energy system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=on-off%20grid%20system" title=" on-off grid system"> on-off grid system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization%20and%20environmental%20impacts" title=" optimization and environmental impacts"> optimization and environmental impacts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119246/optimization-of-wind-off-grid-system-for-remote-area-egyptian-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119246.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Tourism Area Development Optimation Based on Solar-Generated Renewable Energy Technology at Karimunjawa, Central Java Province, Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yanuar%20Tri%20Wahyu%20Saputra">Yanuar Tri Wahyu Saputra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramadhani%20Pamapta%20Putra"> Ramadhani Pamapta Putra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Karimunjawa is one among Indonesian islands which is lacking of electricity supply. Despite condition above, Karimunjawa is an important tourism object in Indonesia's Central Java Province. Solar Power Plant is a potential technology to be applied in Karimunjawa, in order to fulfill the island's electrical supply need and to increase daily life and tourism quality among tourists and local population. This optimation modeling of Karimunjawa uses HOMER software program. The data we uses include wind speed data in Karimunjawa from BMKG (Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics), annual weather data in Karimunjawa from NASA, electricity requirements assumption data based on number of houses and business infrastructures in Karimunjawa. This modeling aims to choose which three system categories offer the highest financial profit with the lowest total Net Present Cost (NPC). The first category uses only PV with 8000 kW of electrical power and NPC value of $6.830.701. The second category uses hybrid system which involves both 1000 kW PV and 100 kW generator which results in total NPC of $6.865.590. The last category uses only generator with 750 kW of electrical power that results in total NPC of $ 16.368.197, the highest total NPC among the three categories. Based on the analysis above, we can conclude that the most optimal way to fulfill the electricity needs in Karimunjawa is to use 8000 kW PV with lower maintenance cost. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karimunjawa" title="Karimunjawa">Karimunjawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20power%20plant" title=" solar power plant"> solar power plant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HOMER" title=" HOMER"> HOMER</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23081/tourism-area-development-optimation-based-on-solar-generated-renewable-energy-technology-at-karimunjawa-central-java-province-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23081.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">467</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> Techno Economic Analysis for Solar PV and Hydro Power for Kafue Gorge Power Station</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elvis%20Nyirenda">Elvis Nyirenda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research study work was done to evaluate and propose an optimum measure to enhance the uptake of clean energy technologies such as solar photovoltaics, the study also aims at enhancing the country’s energy mix from the overdependence on hydro power which is susceptible to droughts and climate change challenges The country in the years 2015 - 2016 and 2018 - 2019 had received rainfall below average due to climate change and a shift in the weather pattern; this resulted in prolonged power outages and load shedding for more than 10 hours per day. ZESCO Limited, the utility company that owns infrastructure in the generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity (state-owned), is seeking alternative sources of energy in order to reduce the over-dependence on hydropower stations. One of the alternative sources of energy is Solar Energy from the sun. However, solar power is intermittent in nature and to smoothen the load curve, investment in robust energy storage facilities is of great importance to enhance security and reliability of electricity supply in the country. The methodology of the study looked at the historical performance of the Kafue gorge upper power station and utilised the hourly generation figures as input data for generation modelling in Homer software. The average yearly demand was derived from the available data on the system SCADA. The two dams were modelled as natural battery with the absolute state of charging and discharging determined by the available water resource and the peak electricity demand. The software Homer Energy System is used to simulate the scheme incorporating a pumped storage facility and Solar photovoltaic systems. The pumped hydro scheme works like a natural battery for the conservation of water, with the only losses being evaporation and water leakages from the dams and the turbines. To address the problem of intermittency on the solar resource and the non-availability of water for hydropower generation, the study concluded that utilising the existing Hydro power stations, Kafue Gorge upper and Kafue Gorge Lower to work conjunctively with Solar energy will reduce power deficits and increase the security of supply for the country. An optimum capacity of 350MW of solar PV can be integrated while operating Kafue Gorge power station in both generating and pumping mode to enable efficient utilisation of water at Kafue Gorge upper Dam and Kafue Gorge Lower dam. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydropower" title="hydropower">hydropower</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20power%20systems" title=" solar power systems"> solar power systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20storage" title=" energy storage"> energy storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photovoltaics" title=" photovoltaics"> photovoltaics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20irradiation" title=" solar irradiation"> solar irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pumped%20hydro%20storage%20system" title=" pumped hydro storage system"> pumped hydro storage system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supervisory%20control%20and%20data%20acquisition" title=" supervisory control and data acquisition"> supervisory control and data acquisition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Homer%20energy" title=" Homer energy"> Homer energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159610/techno-economic-analysis-for-solar-pv-and-hydro-power-for-kafue-gorge-power-station" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159610.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Contextual Distribution for Textual Alignment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuri%20Bizzoni">Yuri Bizzoni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marianne%20Reboul"> Marianne Reboul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Our program compares French and Italian translations of Homer’s <em>Odyssey, </em>from the XVIth to the XXth century. We focus on the third point, showing how distributional semantics systems can be used both to improve alignment between different French translations as well as between the Greek text and a French translation. Although we focus on French examples, the techniques we display are completely language independent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classical%20receptions" title="classical receptions">classical receptions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20linguistics" title=" computational linguistics"> computational linguistics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributional%20semantics" title=" distributional semantics"> distributional semantics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Homeric%20poems" title=" Homeric poems"> Homeric poems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20translation" title=" machine translation"> machine translation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=translation%20studies" title=" translation studies"> translation studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=text%20alignment" title=" text alignment"> text alignment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34136/contextual-distribution-for-textual-alignment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34136.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">434</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Economic and Technical Study for Hybrid (PV/Wind) Power System in the North East of Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabila%20Louai">Nabila Louai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fouad%20Khaldi"> Fouad Khaldi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Houria%20Benharchache"> Houria Benharchache</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the case of meeting a household’s electrical energy demand with hybrid systems has been examined. The objective is to study technological feasibility and economic viability of the electrification project by a hybrid system (PV/ wind) of a residential home located in Batna-Algeria and to reduce the emissions from traditional power by using renewable energy. An autonomous hybrid wind/photovoltaic (PV)/battery power system and a PV/Wind grid connected system, has been carried out using Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable (HOMER) simulation software. As a result, it has been found that electricity from the grid can be supplied at a lower price than electricity from renewable energy at this moment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=batna" title="batna">batna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=household" title=" household"> household</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20system" title=" hybrid system"> hybrid system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=techno-economy" title=" techno-economy"> techno-economy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32868/economic-and-technical-study-for-hybrid-pvwind-power-system-in-the-north-east-of-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32868.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">601</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Feasibility Study and Developing Appropriate Hybrid Energy Systems in Regional Level</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Rouhani">Ahmad Rouhani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Iran has several potentials for using renewable energies, so use them could significantly contribute to energy supply. The purpose of this paper is to identify the potential of the country and select the appropriate DG technologies with consideration the potential and primary energy resources in the regions. In this context, hybrid energy systems proportionate with the potential of different regions will be determined based on technical, economic, and environmental aspect. In the following, the proposed structure will be optimized in terms of size and cost. DG technologies used in this project include the photovoltaic system, wind turbine, diesel generator, and battery bank. The HOMER software is applied for choosing the appropriate structure and the optimization of system sizing. The results have been analyzed in terms of technical and economic. The performance and the cost of each project demonstrate the appropriate structure of hybrid energy system in that region. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feasibility" title="feasibility">feasibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20energy%20system" title=" hybrid energy system"> hybrid energy system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iran" title=" Iran"> Iran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22137/feasibility-study-and-developing-appropriate-hybrid-energy-systems-in-regional-level" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22137.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">485</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Revisionism in Literature: Deconstructing Patriarchal Ideals in Margaret Atwood's The Penelopiad</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Essam%20Abdelhamid%20Hegazy">Essam Abdelhamid Hegazy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aims to read Margaret Atwood's The Penelopiad (2005) via a revisionist and deconstructive approach. This novel is a postmodernist exploration of the grand-narrative myth The Odyssey (800 BC) by Homer, who portrayed the heroic warrior and the faithful wife as the epitome of perfect male and female models _examples whom all must follow and mimic. In Atwood's narrative, the same two hero models are the two great tricksters who are willing to perform any sort of obnoxious act for achieving their goals. This research tries to examine how Atwood tried to synthesize the change in character’s narratives leading to the humanization of the perfect hero and the ideal wife. The researcher has used a multidisciplinary approach where the feminist, revisionist and deconstructive theories were implemented to identify and find out the new interpretations of the myths that center the experiences and perspectives of women. Research findings are that revisionist approach was applied through giving an opportunity to the victimized and the voiceless to speak out and retaliate against their prosecutions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=margret%20atwood" title="margret atwood">margret atwood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patriarchal" title=" patriarchal"> patriarchal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=penelopiad" title=" penelopiad"> penelopiad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=revisionism" title=" revisionism"> revisionism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168755/revisionism-in-literature-deconstructing-patriarchal-ideals-in-margaret-atwoods-the-penelopiad" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168755.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">82</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Micro-Hydrokinetic for Remote Rural Electrification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20P.%20Koko">S. P. Koko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Kusakana"> K. Kusakana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20J.%20Vermaak"> H. J. Vermaak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Standalone micro-hydrokinetic river (MHR) system is one of the promising technologies to be used for remote rural electrification. It simply requires the flow of water instead of elevation or head, leading to expensive civil works. This paper demonstrates an economic benefit offered by a standalone MHR system when compared to the commonly used standalone systems such as solar, wind and diesel generator (DG) at the selected study site in Kwazulu Natal. Wind speed and solar radiation data of the selected rural site have been taken from national aeronautics and space administration (NASA) surface meteorology database. The hybrid optimization model for electric renewable (HOMER) software was used to determine the most feasible solution when using MHR, solar, wind or DG system to supply 5 rural houses. MHR system proved to be the best cost-effective option to consider at the study site due to its low cost of energy (COE) and low net present cost (NPC). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20analysis" title="economic analysis">economic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-hydrokinetic" title=" micro-hydrokinetic"> micro-hydrokinetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural-electrification" title=" rural-electrification"> rural-electrification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost%20of%20energy%20%28COE%29" title=" cost of energy (COE)"> cost of energy (COE)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=net%20present%20cost%20%28NPC%29" title=" net present cost (NPC)"> net present cost (NPC)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12498/micro-hydrokinetic-for-remote-rural-electrification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12498.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">432</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Yu Kwang-Chung vs. Yu Kwang-Chung: Untranslatability as the Touchstone of a Poet</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min-Hua%20Wu">Min-Hua Wu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The untranslatability of an established poet’s tour de force is thoroughly explored by Matthew Arnold (1822-1888). In his On Translating Homer (1861), Arnold lists the four most striking poetic qualities of Homer, namely his rapidity, plainness and directness of style and diction, plainness and directness of ideas, and nobleness. He concludes that such celebrated English translators as Cowper, Pope, Chapman, and Mr. Newman are all doomed, due to their respective failure in rendering the totality of the four Homeric poetic qualities. Why poetic translation always amounts to being proven such a mission impossible for the translator? According to Arnold, it is because there constantly exists a mist interposed between the translator’s own literary self-obsession and the objective artistic qualities that reside in the work of the original author. Foregrounding such a seemingly empowering yet actually detrimental poetic mist, he explains why the aforementioned translators fail in their attempts to bring the Homeric charm to the British reader. Drawing on Arnold’s analytical study on Homeric translation, the research attempts to bring Yu Kwang-chung the poet vis-à-vis Yu Kwang-chung the translator, with an aim not so much to find any similar mist as revealed by Arnold between his Chinese poetry and English translation as to probe into a latent and veiled literary and lingual mist interposed between Chinese and English, if not between Chinese and English literatures. The major work studied and analyzed for this study is Yu’s own Chinese poetry and his own English translation collected in The Night Watchman: Yu Kwang-chung 1958-2004. The research argues that the following critical elements that characterizes Yu’s poetics are to a certain extent 'transformed,' if not 'lost,' in his English translation: a. the Chinese pictographic and ideographic unit terms which so unfailingly characterize the poet’s incredible creativity, allowing him to habitually and conveniently coin concrete textual images or word-scapes almost at his own will; b. the subtle wordplay and punning which appear at a reasonable frequency; c. the parallel contrastive repetitive syntactic structure within a single poetic line; d. the ambiguous and highly associative diction in the adjective and noun categories; e. the literary allusion that harks back to the old times of Chinese literature; f. the alliteration that adds rhythm and smoothness to the lines; g. the rhyming patterns that bring about impressive sonority and lingering echo to the ears of the reader; h. the grandeur-imposing and sublimity-arousing word-scaping which hinges on the employment of verbs; i. the meandering cultural heritage that embraces such elements as Chinese medicine and kung fu; and j. other features of the like. Once we appeal to the Arnoldian tribunal and resort to the strict standards of such a Victorian cultural and literary critic who insists 'to see the object as in itself it really is,' we may serve as a potential judge for the tug of war between Yu Kwang-chung the poet and Yu Kwang-chung the translator, a tug of war that will not merely broaden our understating of Chinese poetics but deepen our apprehension of Chinese-English translatology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu%20Kwang-chung" title="Yu Kwang-chung">Yu Kwang-chung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=The%20Night%20Watchman" title=" The Night Watchman"> The Night Watchman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poetry%20translation" title=" poetry translation"> poetry translation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese-English%20translation" title=" Chinese-English translation"> Chinese-English translation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=translation%20studies" title=" translation studies"> translation studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthew%20Arnold" title=" Matthew Arnold"> Matthew Arnold</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84232/yu-kwang-chung-vs-yu-kwang-chung-untranslatability-as-the-touchstone-of-a-poet" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84232.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Feasibility Study of PV, Wind and PV-Wind Hybrid System for Al Al-Bayt University, Jordan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Al-Smairan">Mohammad Al-Smairan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Jordan has no fossil fuel resources like coal, oil, or natural gas but has plenty of renewable energy resources like solar and wind energy. The potential of solar energy is very good where Jordan is located in the sunbelt area that possesses the highest solar radiation in the world, especially in the Northern hemisphere, while the potential of wind energy is good in the southern part of the country where wind projects are installed. Al al-Bayt University is located in the northern part of the country, where solar energy potential is high and wind energy potential is low. This research was carried out to investigate the best option for renewable energy systems to meet the load demand of the University. By using the SAM simulation model and HOMER Pro simulation model and depending on the results obtained, the stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) system is the best option, which completely matches the renewable energy resources available in the area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PV" title="PV">PV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind" title=" wind"> wind</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid" title=" hybrid"> hybrid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al%20al-Bayt%20University" title=" Al al-Bayt University"> Al al-Bayt University</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jordan" title=" Jordan"> Jordan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/195101/feasibility-study-of-pv-wind-and-pv-wind-hybrid-system-for-al-al-bayt-university-jordan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/195101.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">4</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Modeling and Simulation Analysis and Design of Components of the Microgrid Prototype System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Draou%20Azeddine">Draou Azeddine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mazin%20Alahmadi"> Mazin Alahmadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulrahmane%20Alkassem"> Abdulrahmane Alkassem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alamri%20Abdullah"> Alamri Abdullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The demand for electric power in Saudi Arabia is steadily increasing with economic growth. More power plants should be installed to increase generation capacity and meet demand. Electricity in Saudi Arabia is mainly dependent on fossil fuels, which are a major problem as they deplete natural resources and increase CO₂ emissions. In this research work, performance and techno-economic analyzes are conducted to evaluate a microgrid system based on hybrid PV/wind diesel power sources as a stand-alone system for rural electrification in Saudi Arabia. The total power flow, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) efficiency, effectiveness of the proposed control strategy, and total harmonic distortion (THD) are analyzed in MATLAB/Simulink environment. Various simulation studies have been carried out under different irradiation conditions. The sizing, optimization, and economic feasibility analysis were performed using Homer energy software. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WIND" title="WIND">WIND</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar" title=" solar"> solar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microgrid" title=" microgrid"> microgrid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy" title=" energy"> energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156602/modeling-and-simulation-analysis-and-design-of-components-of-the-microgrid-prototype-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156602.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Analysis and Evaluation of Both AC and DC Standalone Photovoltaic Supply to Ethio-Telecom Access Layer Devices: The Case of Multi-Service Access Gateway in Adama</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frie%20Ayalew">Frie Ayalew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seada%20Hussen"> Seada Hussen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ethio-telecom holds a variety of telecom devices that needs a consistent power source to be operational. The company got this power mainly from the national grid and used this power source alone or with a generator and/or batteries as a backup. In addition, for off-grid or remote areas, the company commonly uses generators and batteries. But unstable diesel prices, huge expenses of fuel and transportation, and high carbon emissions are the main problems associated with fuel energy. So, the design of solar power with battery backup is a highly recommended and advantageous source for the next coming years. This project designs the AC and DC standalone photovoltaic supply to Ethio-telecom access layer devices for the case of multi-service access gateway in Adama. The design is done by using Homer software for both AC and DC loads. The project shows that the design of a solar based microgrid is the best option for the designed area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20power" title="solar power">solar power</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=battery" title=" battery"> battery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inverter" title=" inverter"> inverter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ethio-telecom" title=" Ethio-telecom"> Ethio-telecom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20radiation" title=" solar radiation"> solar radiation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166501/analysis-and-evaluation-of-both-ac-and-dc-standalone-photovoltaic-supply-to-ethio-telecom-access-layer-devices-the-case-of-multi-service-access-gateway-in-adama" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166501.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">82</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Assessment of Solar Hydrogen Production in Energetic Hybrid PV-PEMFC System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Rezzouk">H. Rezzouk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Hatti"> M. Hatti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Rahmani"> H. Rahmani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Atoui"> S. Atoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper discusses the design and analysis of a hybrid PV-Fuel cell energy system destined to power a DC load. The system is composed of a photovoltaic array, a fuel cell, an electrolyzer and a hydrogen tank. HOMER software is used in this study to calculate the optimum capacities of the power system components that their combination allows an efficient use of solar resource to cover the hourly load needs. The optimal system sizing allows establishing the right balance between the daily electrical energy produced by the power system and the daily electrical energy consumed by the DC load using a 28 KW PV array, a 7.5 KW fuel cell, a 40KW electrolyzer and a 270 Kg hydrogen tank. The variation of powers involved into the DC bus of the hybrid PV-fuel cell system has been computed and analyzed for each hour over one year: the output powers of the PV array and the fuel cell, the input power of the elctrolyzer system and the DC primary load. Equally, the annual variation of stored hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer has been assessed. The PV array contributes in the power system with 82% whereas the fuel cell produces 18%. 38% of the total energy consumption belongs to the DC primary load while the rest goes to the electrolyzer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrolyzer" title="electrolyzer">electrolyzer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen" title=" hydrogen"> hydrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen%20fueled%20cell" title=" hydrogen fueled cell"> hydrogen fueled cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photovoltaic" title=" photovoltaic"> photovoltaic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12766/assessment-of-solar-hydrogen-production-in-energetic-hybrid-pv-pemfc-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12766.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">492</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Evaluation of PV Orientation Effect on Mismatch between Consumption Load and PV Power Profiles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iyad%20M.%20Muslih">Iyad M. Muslih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yehya%20Abdellatif"> Yehya Abdellatif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Qutishat"> Sara Qutishat </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Renewable energy and in particular solar photovoltaic energy is emerging as a reasonable power generation source. The intermittent and unpredictable nature of solar energy can represent a serious challenge to the utility grids, specifically at relatively high penetration. To minimize the impact of PV power systems on the grid, self-consumption is encouraged. Self-consumption can be improved by matching the PV power generation with the electrical load consumption profile. This study will focus in studying different load profiles and comparing them to typical solar PV power generation at the selected sites with the purpose of analyzing the mismatch in consumption load profile for different users; residential, commercial, and industrial versus the solar photovoltaic output generation. The PV array orientation can be adjusted to reduce the mismatch effects. The orientation shift produces a corresponding shift in the energy production curve. This shift has a little effect on the mismatch for residential loads due to the fact the peak load occurs at night due to lighting loads. This minor gain does not justify the power production loss associated with the orientation shift. The orientation shift for both commercial and industrial cases lead to valuable decrease in the mismatch effects. Such a design is worth considering for reducing grid penetration. Furthermore, the proposed orientation shift yielded better results during the summer time due to the extended daylight hours. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grid%20impact" title="grid impact">grid impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HOMER" title=" HOMER"> HOMER</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20mismatch" title=" power mismatch"> power mismatch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20PV%20energy" title=" solar PV energy"> solar PV energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32203/evaluation-of-pv-orientation-effect-on-mismatch-between-consumption-load-and-pv-power-profiles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32203.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">604</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> The Potential of Hybrid Microgrids for Mitigating Power Outage in Lebanon</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Chedid">R. Chedid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Ghajar"> R. Ghajar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lebanon electricity crisis continues to escalate. Rationing hours still apply across the country but with different rates. The capital Beirut is subjected to 3 hours cut while other cities, town and villages may endure 9 to 14 hours of power shortage. To mitigate this situation, private diesel generators distributed illegally all over the country are being used to bridge the gap in power supply. Almost each building in large cities has its own generator and individual villages may have more than one generator supplying their loads. These generators together with their private networks form incomplete and ill-designed and managed microgrids (MG) but can be further developed to become renewable energy-based MG operating in island- or grid-connected modes. This paper will analyze the potential of introducing MG to help resolve the energy crisis in Lebanon. It will investigate the usefulness of developing MG under the prevailing situation of existing private power supply service providers and in light of the developed national energy policy that supports renewable energy development. A case study on a distribution feeder in a rural area will be analyzed using HOMER software to demonstrate the usefulness of introducing photovoltaic (PV) arrays along the existing diesel generators for all the stakeholders; namely, the developers, the customers, the utility and the community at large. Policy recommendations regarding MG development in Lebanon will be presented on the basis of the accumulated experience in private generation and the privatization and public-private partnership laws. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralized%20systems" title="decentralized systems">decentralized systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20generation" title=" distributed generation"> distributed generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microgrids" title=" microgrids"> microgrids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96327/the-potential-of-hybrid-microgrids-for-mitigating-power-outage-in-lebanon" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96327.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Technical and Economic Analysis of Smart Micro-Grid Renewable Energy Systems: An Applicable Case Study </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Fouad">M. A. Fouad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Badr"> M. A. Badr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20S.%20Abd%20El-Rehim"> Z. S. Abd El-Rehim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taher%20Halawa"> Taher Halawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20Bayoumi"> Mahmoud Bayoumi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20M.%20Ibrahim"> M. M. Ibrahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Renewable energy-based micro-grids are presently attracting significant consideration. The smart grid system is presently considered a reliable solution for the expected deficiency in the power required from future power systems. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal components sizes of a micro-grid, investigating technical and economic performance with the environmental impacts. The micro grid load is divided into two small factories with electricity, both on-grid and off-grid modes are considered. The micro-grid includes photovoltaic cells, back-up diesel generator wind turbines, and battery bank. The estimated load pattern is 76 kW peak. The system is modeled and simulated by MATLAB/Simulink tool to identify the technical issues based on renewable power generation units. To evaluate system economy, two criteria are used: the net present cost and the cost of generated electricity. The most feasible system components for the selected application are obtained, based on required parameters, using HOMER simulation package. The results showed that a Wind/Photovoltaic (W/PV) on-grid system is more economical than a Wind/Photovoltaic/Diesel/Battery (W/PV/D/B) off-grid system as the cost of generated electricity (COE) is 0.266 $/kWh and 0.316 $/kWh, respectively. Considering the cost of carbon dioxide emissions, the off-grid will be competitive to the on-grid system as COE is found to be (0.256 $/kWh, 0.266 $/kWh), for on and off grid systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy%20sources" title="renewable energy sources">renewable energy sources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-grid%20system" title=" micro-grid system"> micro-grid system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling%20and%20simulation" title=" modeling and simulation"> modeling and simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=on%2Foff%20grid%20system" title=" on/off grid system"> on/off grid system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20impacts" title=" environmental impacts"> environmental impacts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93588/technical-and-economic-analysis-of-smart-micro-grid-renewable-energy-systems-an-applicable-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93588.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Wind Power Mapping and NPV of Embedded Generation Systems in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oluseyi%20O.%20Ajayi">Oluseyi O. Ajayi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ohiose%20D.%20Ohijeagbon"> Ohiose D. Ohijeagbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mercy%20Ogbonnaya"> Mercy Ogbonnaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ameh%20Attabo"> Ameh Attabo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study assessed the potential and economic viability of stand-alone wind systems for embedded generation, taking into account its benefits to small off-grid rural communities at 40 meteorological sites in Nigeria. A specific electric load profile was developed to accommodate communities consisting of 200 homes, a school and a community health centre. This load profile was incorporated within the distributed generation analysis producing energy in the MW range, while optimally meeting daily load demand for the rural communities. Twenty-four years (1987 to 2010) of wind speed data at a height of 10m utilized for the study were sourced from the Nigeria Meteorological Department, Oshodi. The HOMER® software optimizing tool was engaged for the feasibility study and design. Each site was suited to 3MW wind turbines in sets of five, thus 15MW was designed for each site. This design configuration was adopted in order to easily compare the distributed generation system amongst the sites to determine their relative economic viability in terms of life cycle cost, as well as levelised cost of producing energy. A net present value was estimated in terms of life cycle cost for 25 of the 40 meteorological sites. On the other hand, the remaining sites yielded a net present cost; meaning the installations at these locations were not economically viable when utilizing the present tariff regime for embedded generation in Nigeria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20speed" title="wind speed">wind speed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20power" title=" wind power"> wind power</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20generation" title=" distributed generation"> distributed generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost%20per%20kilowatt-hour" title=" cost per kilowatt-hour"> cost per kilowatt-hour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clean%20energy" title=" clean energy"> clean energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41073/wind-power-mapping-and-npv-of-embedded-generation-systems-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41073.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">397</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Hybrid Energy System for the German Mining Industry: An Optimized Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kateryna%20Zharan">Kateryna Zharan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jan%20C.%20Bongaerts"> Jan C. Bongaerts</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, economic attractiveness of renewable energy (RE) for the mining industry, especially for off-grid mines, and a negative environmental impact of fossil energy are stimulating to use RE for mining needs. Being that remote area mines have higher energy expenses than mines connected to a grid, integration of RE may give a mine economic benefits. Regarding the literature review, there is a lack of business models for adopting of RE at mine. The main aim of this paper is to develop an optimized model of RE integration into the German mining industry (GMI). Hereby, the GMI with amount of around 800 mill. t. annually extracted resources is included in the list of the 15 major mining country in the world. Accordingly, the mining potential of Germany is evaluated in this paper as a perspective market for RE implementation. The GMI has been classified in order to find out the location of resources, quantity and types of the mines, amount of extracted resources, and access of the mines to the energy resources. Additionally, weather conditions have been analyzed in order to figure out where wind and solar generation technologies can be integrated into a mine with the highest efficiency. Despite the fact that the electricity demand of the GMI is almost completely covered by a grid connection, the hybrid energy system (HES) based on a mix of RE and fossil energy is developed due to show environmental and economic benefits. The HES for the GMI consolidates a combination of wind turbine, solar PV, battery and diesel generation. The model has been calculated using the HOMER software. Furthermore, the demonstrated HES contains a forecasting model that predicts solar and wind generation in advance. The main result from the HES such as CO2 emission reduction is estimated in order to make the mining processing more environmental friendly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diesel%20generation" title="diesel generation">diesel generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=German%20mining%20industry" title=" German mining industry"> German mining industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20energy%20system" title=" hybrid energy system"> hybrid energy system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20optimization%20model%20for%20electric%20renewables" title=" hybrid optimization model for electric renewables"> hybrid optimization model for electric renewables</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimized%20model" title=" optimized model"> optimized model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64267/hybrid-energy-system-for-the-german-mining-industry-an-optimized-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64267.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">343</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Community Assemblages of Reef Fishes in Marine Sanctuary and Non-Marine Sanctuary Areas in Sogod Bay, Southern Leyte, Philippines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Homer%20Hermes%20De%20Dios">Homer Hermes De Dios</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dewoowoogen%20Baclayon"> Dewoowoogen Baclayon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The community assemblages of reef fishes was conducted in ten marine sanctuaries and ten non-marine sanctuary areas in Sogod Bay, Southern Leyte, Philippines from 2014-2015. A total of 223 species belonging to 39 families of reef fishes in Sogod Bay were recorded. Family Pomacentridae (e.g. damsel fishes) has the highest number of species (42), followed by Labridae or wrasses (27), Chaetodonthidae or butterfly fish (22), Scaridae or parrotfishes (17), and Acanthuridae (surgeonfishes) and Pomacanthidae (angelfishes) both with 10 species. Two of the recorded fish species were included in the IUCN Red List, wherein one is near threatened (Chlorurus bowersi) and the other is endangered species (Cheilinus undulatus). The mean total fish biomass (target + indicator + major or other fish) in MPA was significantly higher (13,468 g/500m2 or equivalent to 26.94 mt/km2) than Non-MPA with 7,408 g/500m2 or 15,216mt/km2 in Non-MPA. The mean total fish biomass in MPAs in Sogod Bay can be categorized as high (21-40 mt/km2) with minimal fishing and medium or slightly moderately fished (11-20 mt/km2) in Non-MPAs. The mean (±SE) biomass of target fishes was significantly higher in MPA than Non-MPA and differ significantly across two depths. The target fish biomass was significantly higher in Limasawa Marine Sanctuary (13,569 g/500m2) followed by Lungsodaan Marine Sanctuary in Padre Burgos (11,884 g/500m2) and the lowest was found in San Isidro (735 g/500m2). The mean total fish density (target + indicator + major or other fish) did not differ between Marine Protected area (607.912 fishes/500m2 or 1215.824 fishes/1000m2) and 525.937 fishes/500m2 in non-Marine Protected Area and can be categorized as moderate (667-2267mt/km2). The mean density of target fishes was significantly (p=0.022) higher in deeper areas (12-15m) than in shallow areas but did not differ significantly between MPAs and Non-MPA. No significant difference of the biomass and density for indicator and other fishes in MPAs and Non-MPAs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abundance" title="abundance">abundance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density" title=" density"> density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=species%20richness" title=" species richness"> species richness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=target%20fish" title=" target fish"> target fish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coral%20reef%20management" title=" coral reef management"> coral reef management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59121/community-assemblages-of-reef-fishes-in-marine-sanctuary-and-non-marine-sanctuary-areas-in-sogod-bay-southern-leyte-philippines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59121.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homer&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homer&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a 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